TW201322589A - Smart electric power storage device - Google Patents
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本發明有關於一種能量儲存裝置,且特別是有關於耦接於電子裝置與各類電池之間的智能型電力儲存裝置。The invention relates to an energy storage device, and in particular to an intelligent power storage device coupled between an electronic device and various types of batteries.
近幾年來,可攜式電子裝置像是手機、數位相機以及具有數位音樂功能的隨身碟已大量應用於我們的日常生活中,這些電子裝置通常是由其內部電池供應運作所需之電力,一但電池電力耗盡後,須再對其進行充電。現今市場上已有許多電力儲存裝置可用以作為電子裝置的備用電源,並可充電或放電。但不論何種電力儲存裝置,於充電或放電時,其電池之容量、廠牌、種類都必須一致不能混合使用,甚至製造日期最好都能接近。另外,傳統的電力儲存裝置往往需由使用者以按按鍵或滑動開關等進行操作,方式較為繁瑣。再者,傳統的電力儲存裝置或多或少都會消耗內部電池之電力。In recent years, portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras and flash drives with digital music functions have been widely used in our daily lives. These electronic devices are usually powered by their internal battery supply. However, after the battery is exhausted, it must be recharged. Many power storage devices are available on the market today as a backup power source for electronic devices and can be charged or discharged. However, no matter what kind of power storage device, when charging or discharging, the capacity, brand and type of the battery must be consistent and cannot be mixed, and even the manufacturing date is preferably close. In addition, the conventional power storage device often needs to be operated by a user by pressing a button or a slide switch, and the method is cumbersome. Moreover, conventional power storage devices consume more or less power from internal batteries.
因此,目前業界亟需一種可以同時具備自動充電與放電功能的智能型電力儲存裝置,所述設備不僅需要自電池中擷取電力,更要可以將外部電源的電力儲存於各種不同類型的電池中。藉此,所述設備不需要頻繁的更換電池,故具有兼顧便利與環保的優點,更能同時解決上述的問題。Therefore, there is a need in the industry for an intelligent power storage device that can simultaneously have an automatic charging and discharging function, which not only needs to draw power from the battery, but also can store the power of the external power source in various types of batteries. . Thereby, the device does not need to be frequently replaced, so that it has the advantages of convenience and environmental protection, and can solve the above problems at the same time.
本發明提供一種智能型電力儲存裝置,有別於習知技術中只能選用同一種類電池,或是必須要由按鍵或滑動開關等作為人機界面等之缺點。本發明的智能型電力儲存裝置可以利用同一個通用串列匯流排(USB)連接埠,作為進行充電時的電源輸入端與進行放電時的電源輸出端。除了簡化電路的設計,以實現輕薄短小之功能外,同時也能做為大部分電子裝置的智能型電力儲存裝置。The invention provides an intelligent power storage device, which is different from the prior art in that only the same type of battery can be selected, or a button or a slide switch or the like must be used as a human-machine interface. The intelligent power storage device of the present invention can utilize the same universal serial bus (USB) port as the power input terminal for charging and the power output terminal for discharging. In addition to simplifying the design of the circuit to achieve a light, thin and short function, it can also be used as an intelligent power storage device for most electronic devices.
本發明實施例提供一種智能型電力儲存裝置,包括電力傳輸模組、充電電路、放電電路、接地阻抗、檢測模組、與控制模組。在此,電力傳輸模組的第一連接端用以耦接一電子裝置的正電源端,電力傳輸模組的第二連接端用以耦接所述電子裝置的接地端。充電電路用以自電子裝置接收電力以儲存於至少一電池,而放電電路用以將電池之電力傳輸至電子裝置。接地阻抗耦接於電力傳輸模組之第二連接端以及智能型電力儲存裝置之接地端之間,而檢測模組用以量測接地阻抗兩端的檢測電壓值。當所述檢測電壓值由大於門限值轉變成等於或小於門限值時,控制模組,將從充電狀態轉成停止充電。而當所述檢測電壓值由小於門限值轉變成等於或大於門限值時,控制模組將從放電狀態轉成停止放電。Embodiments of the present invention provide an intelligent power storage device including a power transmission module, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a grounding impedance, a detecting module, and a control module. The first connection end of the power transmission module is coupled to the positive power terminal of the electronic device, and the second connection end of the power transmission module is coupled to the ground end of the electronic device. The charging circuit is configured to receive power from the electronic device for storage in at least one battery, and the discharging circuit is configured to transmit power of the battery to the electronic device. The grounding impedance is coupled between the second connection end of the power transmission module and the ground end of the intelligent power storage device, and the detection module is configured to measure the detection voltage value at both ends of the ground impedance. When the detected voltage value is changed from greater than the threshold to equal to or less than the threshold, the control module will change from the charging state to the stop charging. When the detected voltage value is changed from less than the threshold to equal to or greater than the threshold, the control module will change from the discharged state to the stop discharging.
於本發明一示範實施例中,電力儲存裝置更包括啟動模組。所述啟動模組分別耦接電力傳輸模組、控制模組與電池,用以選擇性地將控制模組的電源輸入端導通至第一連接端或電池。在此,啟動模組可進一步包括導電彈片以及場效電晶體。所述場效電晶體之源極耦接於第一連接端或電池,場效電晶體之汲極耦接於電源輸入端,場效電晶體之閘極耦接於導電彈片,且場效電晶體之源極透過第一電阻電性連接場效電晶體之閘極。當電子裝置卡持於電力傳輸模組時,導電彈片電性連接至電力儲存裝置之接地端,使場效電晶體導通。當電子裝置未卡持於電力傳輸模組時,導電彈片與場效電晶體之汲極之電壓相等,使場效電晶體關閉。In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the power storage device further includes a startup module. The startup module is coupled to the power transmission module, the control module and the battery, respectively, for selectively conducting the power input end of the control module to the first connection end or the battery. Here, the starting module may further include a conductive elastic piece and a field effect transistor. The source of the field effect transistor is coupled to the first connection end or the battery, the drain of the field effect transistor is coupled to the power input end, the gate of the field effect transistor is coupled to the conductive elastic piece, and the field effect electric The source of the crystal is electrically connected to the gate of the field effect transistor through the first resistor. When the electronic device is held in the power transmission module, the conductive elastic piece is electrically connected to the ground end of the power storage device to turn on the field effect transistor. When the electronic device is not clamped to the power transmission module, the voltage of the conductive dome and the gate of the field effect transistor are equal, so that the field effect transistor is turned off.
綜上所述,本發明提供之智能型電力儲存裝置之電源輸入端與電源輸出端可以為同一個連接埠或不同之連接埠。相較於以往的智能型電力儲存裝置,在電路設計上可以簡化,並可以適用於大部分電子裝置的連接埠,如USB或iPhone、iPad等。因此所述智能型電力儲存裝置可以做為目前市面上的大部分電子裝置的緊急充電裝置,而且又具有輕薄短小、攜帶方便等優勢。In summary, the power input end and the power output end of the intelligent power storage device provided by the present invention may be the same port or different ports. Compared with the previous intelligent power storage device, the circuit design can be simplified, and can be applied to the connection of most electronic devices, such as USB or iPhone, iPad, and the like. Therefore, the intelligent power storage device can be used as an emergency charging device for most electronic devices currently on the market, and has the advantages of being light and thin, and convenient to carry.
為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉本發明之較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt;
[智能型電力儲存裝置之實施例][Embodiment of Intelligent Power Storage Device]
請參見圖1,圖1係繪示依據本發明一實施例之智能型電力儲存裝置之方塊圖。所述智能型電力儲存裝置1耦接於電子裝置2和電池3之間。智能型電力儲存裝置1包括電力傳輸模組11、充電電路12、放電電路13、接地阻抗14、檢測模組15以及控制模組16。電子裝置2具有正電源端21與接地端22。在此,電子裝置2的接地端22連接至電子裝置2的共用接地GND1,而智能型電力儲存裝置1與電池3係連接至另一個共用接地GND2。以下分別就智能型電力儲存裝置1的各部元件做詳細的說明。Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intelligent power storage device according to an embodiment of the invention. The smart power storage device 1 is coupled between the electronic device 2 and the battery 3 . The intelligent power storage device 1 includes a power transmission module 11 , a charging circuit 12 , a discharging circuit 13 , a grounding impedance 14 , a detecting module 15 , and a control module 16 . The electronic device 2 has a positive power terminal 21 and a ground terminal 22. Here, the ground terminal 22 of the electronic device 2 is connected to the common ground GND1 of the electronic device 2, and the smart power storage device 1 and the battery 3 are connected to the other common ground GND2. Hereinafter, each component of the smart power storage device 1 will be described in detail.
電力傳輸模組11具有第一連接端111與第二連接端112,第一連接端111用以耦接電子裝置2之正電源端21,第二連接端112用以耦接電子裝置2之接地端22。於實務上,電力傳輸模組11可為任一種市面上常見之電源接頭,例如常規的USB接頭、迷你USB接頭、適用於iPhone或iPad之30針(30 pin)接頭、直流插座(DC jack)或者其他適當的電源接頭,因此於本發明所屬技術領域具有通常知識者可自行選擇電力傳輸模組11的樣式。舉例來說,本發明在此以通用串列匯流排(USB)連接埠示範電力傳輸模組11,其至少具有兩個連接端,以獲取電子裝置2之電源。The power transmission module 11 has a first connection end 111 and a second connection end 112. The first connection end 111 is coupled to the positive power supply end 21 of the electronic device 2, and the second connection end 112 is coupled to the ground of the electronic device 2. End 22. In practice, the power transmission module 11 can be any common power connector on the market, such as a conventional USB connector, a mini USB connector, a 30-pin (30 pin) connector for an iPhone or iPad, and a DC jack. Or other suitable power connectors, so that those skilled in the art can select the mode of the power transmission module 11 by themselves. For example, the present invention herein is a universal serial bus (USB) port, an exemplary power transmission module 11 having at least two terminals for acquiring power to the electronic device 2.
充電電路12耦接於電力傳輸模組11與電池3之間,且充電電路12提供了一第一電流路徑,可將電子裝置2傳來之電力儲存至電池3。於實務上,充電電路12可透過電力傳輸模組11的第一連接端111耦接至電子裝置2之正電源端21,用以接收電子裝置2之正電源端21上的電力。而充電電路12更可進一步包括至少一個整流電路,所述整流電路可先將電子裝置2傳來之電力轉換成一定電流,再以所述定電流對電池3充電。所述定電流的電流值大小可由使用者自行決定,本發明在此不加以限制。The charging circuit 12 is coupled between the power transmission module 11 and the battery 3, and the charging circuit 12 provides a first current path for storing the power transmitted from the electronic device 2 to the battery 3. In a practical manner, the charging circuit 12 is coupled to the positive power terminal 21 of the electronic device 2 through the first connection end 111 of the power transmission module 11 for receiving power on the positive power terminal 21 of the electronic device 2. The charging circuit 12 further includes at least one rectifying circuit, which can first convert the power transmitted from the electronic device 2 into a constant current, and then charge the battery 3 with the constant current. The magnitude of the current value of the constant current can be determined by the user, and the invention is not limited herein.
舉例來說,當電池3為一般乾電池時,使用者可設定所述定電流為一第一電流值,又當電池3為鋰電池時,使用者可設定所述定電流為一第二電流值。當然,所述定電流亦可不隨電池種類變化而改變,而具有固定的電流值。For example, when the battery 3 is a general dry battery, the user can set the constant current to be a first current value, and when the battery 3 is a lithium battery, the user can set the constant current to a second current value. . Of course, the constant current may not change with the type of the battery, but has a fixed current value.
與充電電路12相同的是,放電電路13同樣耦接於電力傳輸模組11與電池3之間。然而,不同於充電電路12所提供的第一電流路徑,放電電路13係於電力傳輸模組11與電池3之間提供一第二電流路徑,用以將電池3之電力傳輸至電子裝置2。於實務上,放電電路13可包括一電壓轉換單元(未繪示),可依據電力傳輸模組11所選用之電源接頭而改變輸出給電子裝置2的電壓,其中電壓轉換單元可以包含穩壓單元、降壓單元或者升壓單元等,本發明在此不加以限制。The same as the charging circuit 12 , the discharging circuit 13 is also coupled between the power transmission module 11 and the battery 3 . However, unlike the first current path provided by the charging circuit 12, the discharging circuit 13 provides a second current path between the power transmission module 11 and the battery 3 for transmitting the power of the battery 3 to the electronic device 2. In practice, the discharge circuit 13 can include a voltage conversion unit (not shown) that can change the voltage output to the electronic device 2 according to the power connector selected by the power transmission module 11, wherein the voltage conversion unit can include a voltage stabilization unit. The present invention is not limited herein, or a step-down unit or a boosting unit.
舉例來說,當電力傳輸模組11所選用之電源接頭為常規的USB接頭時,放電電路13可將電池3所輸出的電壓轉換成+5V輸出,使得電子裝置2能夠接收到符合USB接頭規格之電力。在此,若電池3原本儲存的電壓高於+5V時,則放電電路13以降壓單元以降低電池3所儲存的電壓至+5V。另一方面,若電池3原本儲存的電壓低於+5V時,則放電電路13以升壓單元以提升電池3所儲存的電壓至+5V。當然,為了保持電力傳輸模組11能夠傳送穩定的電壓給電子裝置2,放電電路13可以於升壓或降壓之後,更可進一步搭配使用穩壓單元,使得電力傳輸模組11能保持+5V輸出,避免電子裝置2因電壓劇烈變化而損壞。For example, when the power connector selected by the power transmission module 11 is a conventional USB connector, the discharge circuit 13 can convert the voltage output by the battery 3 into a +5V output, so that the electronic device 2 can receive the USB connector specification. Electricity. Here, if the voltage originally stored in the battery 3 is higher than +5 V, the discharge circuit 13 lowers the voltage stored in the battery 3 to +5 V in a step-down unit. On the other hand, if the voltage originally stored in the battery 3 is lower than +5 V, the discharge circuit 13 uses the boosting unit to raise the voltage stored in the battery 3 to +5 V. Of course, in order to keep the power transmission module 11 capable of transmitting a stable voltage to the electronic device 2, the discharge circuit 13 can further use the voltage stabilization unit after boosting or stepping down, so that the power transmission module 11 can maintain +5V. The output prevents the electronic device 2 from being damaged due to a drastic change in voltage.
啟動模組17係做為智能型電力儲存裝置1的總開關,用以選擇性地導通第一連接端111或者至電池3之電力至控制模組16(例如是控制模組16a的電源輸入端161)。於實務上,啟動模組17可以是一種按鈕式的結構,讓使用者可以手動開啟或關閉智能型電力儲存裝置1的控制模組16。較佳的是,啟動模組17可以是一種如圖2與圖2所繪示的結構,用以自動偵測智能型電力儲存裝置1是否已經連上電子裝置2。The startup module 17 is used as a main switch of the smart power storage device 1 for selectively turning on the power of the first connection end 111 or the battery 3 to the control module 16 (for example, the power input end of the control module 16a). 161). In practice, the activation module 17 can be a button-type structure that allows the user to manually turn on or off the control module 16 of the smart power storage device 1. Preferably, the starting module 17 can be a structure as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 2 for automatically detecting whether the smart power storage device 1 has been connected to the electronic device 2.
請參見圖2,圖2係繪示本發明一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。於圖2中,所述啟動模組17a包括場效電晶體Q1、導電彈片S1以及電阻R1。Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a boot module according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the starting module 17a includes a field effect transistor Q1, a conductive spring piece S1, and a resistor R1.
於實務上,所述場效電晶體Q1的源極可以耦接第一連接端111(圖2)。所述場效電晶體Q1的源極也可以耦接VCC。場效電晶體Q1之汲極耦接控制模組16的電源輸入端161。場效電晶體Q1之閘極耦接導電彈片S1。此外,場效電晶體Q1之源極透過電阻R1電性連接場效電晶體Q1之閘極。導電彈片S1係為一種設置在電力傳輸模組11周圍的結構,當電力傳輸模組11為一種USB插頭時,導電彈片S1可以連接在USB插頭的端頭處,當電子裝置2卡持於電力傳輸模組11時,導電彈片S1可受擠壓而接觸USB插頭的金屬外殼(即為接地)。當電子裝置2未卡持於電力傳輸模組11時,導電彈片S1可略向外部延伸而不接觸USB插頭的金屬外殼。In practice, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 can be coupled to the first connection end 111 (FIG. 2). The source of the field effect transistor Q1 may also be coupled to VCC. The drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is coupled to the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16. The gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is coupled to the conductive dome S1. In addition, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 through the resistor R1. The conductive elastic piece S1 is a structure disposed around the power transmission module 11. When the power transmission module 11 is a USB plug, the conductive elastic piece S1 can be connected at the end of the USB plug, when the electronic device 2 is held in the power When the module 11 is transported, the conductive elastic piece S1 can be pressed to contact the metal casing of the USB plug (that is, grounded). When the electronic device 2 is not held by the power transmission module 11, the conductive elastic piece S1 may extend slightly outward without contacting the metal casing of the USB plug.
換句話說,當電子裝置2卡持於電力傳輸模組11時,導電彈片S1會電性連接至智能型電力儲存裝置1之接地端GND2,場效電晶體Q1的源極與場效電晶體Q1之閘極之間有電壓差,進而使場效電晶體Q1導通。在此,電子裝置2可透過第一連接端111或VCC使場效電晶體Q1致能控制模組16,也就是高電壓(High)致能。另一方面,當電子裝置2未卡持於電力傳輸模組11時,導電彈片S1懸空而為斷路,使得導電彈片S1與場效電晶體Q1之汲極的電壓相等,而場效電晶體Q1關閉。藉此,第一連接端111與控制模組16之間成為不導通的低電壓(Low)狀態。In other words, when the electronic device 2 is held in the power transmission module 11, the conductive elastic piece S1 is electrically connected to the grounding end GND2 of the intelligent power storage device 1, and the source and field effect transistor of the field effect transistor Q1. There is a voltage difference between the gates of Q1, which in turn causes the field effect transistor Q1 to conduct. Here, the electronic device 2 can enable the field effect transistor Q1 to enable the control module 16 through the first connection terminal 111 or VCC, that is, high voltage (High). On the other hand, when the electronic device 2 is not clamped to the power transmission module 11, the conductive elastic piece S1 is suspended and opened, so that the voltage of the conductive elastic piece S1 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 are equal, and the field effect transistor Q1 shut down. Thereby, the first connection end 111 and the control module 16 are in a low voltage state that is not conductive.
於本實施例中,場效電晶體Q1實質上是一個P型金氧半場效電晶體(PMOS)。但本發明不因此限定場效電晶體Q1之類型,於所屬技術領域具有通常知識者應可明瞭的是,只要電路的連接方式做適當的變化,更可以將場效電晶體Q1替換成N型金氧半場效電晶體(NMOS)或者雙載子接面電晶體(BJT)等。在此,圖2的啟動模組17a係說明了一種正緣觸發控制模組16的實施方式,當然本發明並不以此為限。請參見圖3,圖3係繪示本發明另一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。如圖3所示,啟動模組17b可進一步包括用於負緣觸發的導電彈片S1。在此,當電子裝置2卡持於電力傳輸模組11時,電子裝置2將推動導電彈片S1,使導電彈片S1的電性將由無極性狀態(空接狀態),連接至智能型電力儲存裝置1之共用接地GND2,進而將控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓迅速拉低,以達成負緣致能之自動啟動目的。In the present embodiment, the field effect transistor Q1 is substantially a P-type metal oxide half field effect transistor (PMOS). However, the present invention does not limit the type of field effect transistor Q1. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the field effect transistor Q1 can be replaced with an N type as long as the connection mode of the circuit is appropriately changed. Gold oxide half field effect transistor (NMOS) or bipolar junction transistor (BJT). Here, the activation module 17a of FIG. 2 illustrates an implementation of a positive edge trigger control module 16, although the invention is not limited thereto. Please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a boot module according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the starting module 17b may further include a conductive elastic piece S1 for negative edge triggering. Here, when the electronic device 2 is held by the power transmission module 11, the electronic device 2 will push the conductive elastic piece S1, so that the electrical properties of the conductive elastic piece S1 will be connected to the intelligent power storage device from the non-polar state (empty state). The common ground GND2 of 1 is used to quickly pull down the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 to achieve the automatic startup of the negative edge enable.
換句話說,不論是圖2中的啟動模組17a或是圖3中的啟動模組17b,都揭露可以自動啟動智能型電力儲存裝置1的設計。藉此,當智能型電力儲存裝置1被完全斷電(不耗電)時,本發明可透過啟動模組(17a或17b)使智能型電力儲存裝置1重新啟動並恢復成可充電或放電狀態。值得注意的是,本發明之智能型電力儲存裝置1透過啟動模組(17a或17b)的自動偵測而啟動,因此可以不需要使用按鍵、開關等來手動開啟智能型電力儲存裝置1。當然,本發明之智能型電力儲存裝置1也可以額外配置按鍵與開關,提供使用者手動啟動智能型電力儲存裝置1。In other words, whether the startup module 17a in FIG. 2 or the startup module 17b in FIG. 3, the design of the smart power storage device 1 can be automatically activated. Thereby, when the smart power storage device 1 is completely powered off (no power consumption), the present invention can restart the smart power storage device 1 through the startup module (17a or 17b) and return to a chargeable or discharged state. . It should be noted that the intelligent power storage device 1 of the present invention is activated by the automatic detection of the activation module (17a or 17b), so that the smart power storage device 1 can be manually turned on without using a button, a switch or the like. Of course, the smart power storage device 1 of the present invention can also additionally configure buttons and switches to provide a user to manually activate the smart power storage device 1.
此外,本發明之智能型電力儲存裝置1在不使用時,也可以自動關機以節省電池電力。詳細來說,控制模組16能自檢測模組得知電力傳輸模組11是處於接收電力或是放出電力,以做出相對應的控制,例如充電、放電、或自動進入完全不耗電的關機狀態,以大幅節省電池所儲存的電力。若欲將進入關機狀態的電路喚醒,則是以啟動模組(17a或17b)達成目的。In addition, the intelligent power storage device 1 of the present invention can also automatically shut down when not in use to save battery power. In detail, the control module 16 can learn from the detection module that the power transmission module 11 is receiving power or discharging power to make corresponding control, such as charging, discharging, or automatically entering completely no power consumption. Shutdown state to save a lot of power stored in the battery. If the circuit that is to be turned off is to be awakened, the startup module (17a or 17b) is used for the purpose.
另一方面,除了上述啟動模組17a或啟動模組17b之外,啟動模組更可以有多種的變化型式。舉例來說,圖4至圖7係繪示了多種實施型式之啟動模組之電路圖,其中加入了參考電壓Vref的特徵,藉此可讓啟動的電壓啟動位準可隨著於參考電壓Vref的不同,進而產生和系統電壓VCC不同的位準。當然本發明並不以此為限,於所屬技術領域具有通常知識者可視需要將啟動模組變換成類似之設計。On the other hand, in addition to the above-described starting module 17a or the starting module 17b, the starting module can have a variety of variations. For example, FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 are circuit diagrams of various implementations of the startup module, in which a feature of the reference voltage Vref is added, thereby allowing the activated voltage enable level to follow the reference voltage Vref. Different, in turn, produces a different level than the system voltage VCC. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can convert the startup module into a similar design as needed.
以圖4來說,從啟動模組17c的作動方式來看,當導電彈片S1未受觸動而開路時,電容C充飽電而大致上等於系統電壓VCC。此時,控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓會相對在低電壓位準。當導電彈片S1受觸動而短路時,電容C會進行放電,而當比較器170之負端的輸入電壓低於參考電壓Vref時,控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓會相對在高電壓位準。也就是說,啟動模組17c相當於具有延遲作用的正或正緣觸發器。若想將啟動模組17c設計成無延遲功能時,於所屬技術領域具有通常知識者當然也可以取消電容C之設計,本發明在此不加以限制。4, from the perspective of the actuation mode of the starting module 17c, when the conductive elastic piece S1 is not touched and opened, the capacitance C is fully charged and is substantially equal to the system voltage VCC. At this time, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 will be relatively low voltage level. When the conductive elastic piece S1 is short-circuited by the touch, the capacitor C is discharged, and when the input voltage of the negative terminal of the comparator 170 is lower than the reference voltage Vref, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 is relatively high. quasi. That is to say, the starting module 17c is equivalent to a positive or positive edge trigger having a delay action. If the startup module 17c is designed to have no delay function, it is of course possible to eliminate the design of the capacitor C by those skilled in the art, and the invention is not limited thereto.
以圖5來說,從啟動模組17d的作動方式來看,當導電彈片S1未受觸動而開路時,電容C的電壓會相對在低電壓位準(約等於智能型電力儲存裝置1之共用接地GND2)。此時,控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓大致上等於系統電壓VCC。當導電彈片S1受觸動而短路時,電容C會進行充電,而當比較器170之負端的輸入電壓高於參考電壓Vref時,控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓會相對在低電壓位準。也就是說,啟動模組17d相當於具有延遲作用的負或負緣觸發器。同樣地,若想將啟動模組17d設計成無延遲功能時,於所屬技術領域具有通常知識者當然也可以取消電容C之設計,本發明在此不加以限制。As shown in FIG. 5, from the operation mode of the starting module 17d, when the conductive elastic piece S1 is not touched and opened, the voltage of the capacitor C is relatively low voltage level (about equal to the sharing of the intelligent power storage device 1). Ground GND2). At this time, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 is substantially equal to the system voltage VCC. When the conductive elastic piece S1 is short-circuited by the touch, the capacitor C is charged, and when the input voltage of the negative terminal of the comparator 170 is higher than the reference voltage Vref, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 is relatively low. quasi. That is to say, the starting module 17d is equivalent to a negative or negative edge trigger having a delay action. Similarly, if the startup module 17d is designed to have no delay function, those skilled in the art can of course cancel the design of the capacitor C, which is not limited herein.
以圖6來說,從啟動模組17e的作動方式來看,若電子裝置2尚未透過第一連接端111(例如USB或iPhone的接腳)接到智能型電力儲存裝置1時,比較器170的負端輸入為零電壓(相當於共用接地GND2的電壓),此時控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓為高電壓位準。另一方面,若電子裝置2已經透過第一連接端111提供正電壓給智能型電力儲存裝置1時,電容C開始被充電。當電容C的電壓高於參考電壓Vref時,此時控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓會相對在低電壓位準。同樣地,若想將啟動模組17e設計成無延遲功能時,於所屬技術領域具有通常知識者當然也可以取消電容C之設計,本發明在此不加以限制。As shown in FIG. 6, when the electronic device 2 is not connected to the smart power storage device 1 through the first connection end 111 (for example, a pin of a USB or an iPhone), the comparator 170 is viewed from the operation mode of the startup module 17e. The negative terminal inputs a zero voltage (corresponding to the voltage of the common ground GND2), and at this time, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 is at a high voltage level. On the other hand, if the electronic device 2 has supplied a positive voltage to the smart power storage device 1 through the first connection terminal 111, the capacitor C starts to be charged. When the voltage of the capacitor C is higher than the reference voltage Vref, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 at this time is relatively low. Similarly, if the startup module 17e is designed to have no delay function, those skilled in the art can of course cancel the design of the capacitor C, which is not limited herein.
以圖7來說,從啟動模組17f的作動方式來看,啟動模組17f與啟動模組17e的差異在於比較器170的輸入接腳不同。在啟動模組17f中,若電子裝置2尚未透過第一連接端111(例如USB或iPhone的接腳)接到智能型電力儲存裝置1時,比較器170的負端輸入為為高電壓位準,此時控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓為低電壓位準。另一方面,若電子裝置2已經透過第一連接端111提供正電壓給智能型電力儲存裝置1時,電容C經由R3開始放電。當電容C的電壓低於參考電壓Vref時,此時控制模組16的電源輸入端161的電壓會相對在高電壓位準。同樣地,若想將啟動模組17f設計成無延遲功能時,於所屬技術領域具有通常知識者當然也可以取消電容C之設計,本發明在此不加以限制。7, the difference between the starting module 17f and the starting module 17e is that the input pins of the comparator 170 are different from the operating mode of the starting module 17f. In the startup module 17f, if the electronic device 2 has not been connected to the smart power storage device 1 through the first connection end 111 (for example, a USB or iPhone pin), the negative input of the comparator 170 is a high voltage level. At this time, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 is a low voltage level. On the other hand, if the electronic device 2 has supplied a positive voltage to the smart power storage device 1 through the first connection terminal 111, the capacitor C starts to discharge via R3. When the voltage of the capacitor C is lower than the reference voltage Vref, the voltage of the power input terminal 161 of the control module 16 at this time is relatively high voltage level. Similarly, if the startup module 17f is designed to have no delay function, those skilled in the art can of course cancel the design of the capacitor C, which is not limited herein.
請繼續參見圖1,接地阻抗14係跨接於電子裝置2的共用接地GND1以及智能型電力儲存裝置1與電池3之共用接地GND2之間。當電力傳輸模組11確實耦接至電子裝置2而形成完整的電流迴路之後,接地阻抗14可乘載電流而在其上具有一個跨壓值,進而使得共用接地GND1與共用接地GND2之間的電壓不相等。Referring to FIG. 1 , the grounding impedance 14 is connected between the common ground GND1 of the electronic device 2 and the common ground GND2 of the smart power storage device 1 and the battery 3. After the power transmission module 11 is indeed coupled to the electronic device 2 to form a complete current loop, the grounding impedance 14 can ride the current and have a voltage across it, thereby making the common ground GND1 and the common ground GND2 The voltages are not equal.
檢測模組15耦接於接地阻抗14,用以檢測接地阻抗14上的跨壓值,據以產生檢測電壓值。舉例來說,檢測模組15可為一個電壓檢測器,以並聯方式連接於接地阻抗14之端頭A與端頭B處,用以量測接地阻抗14上的跨壓值。The detection module 15 is coupled to the ground impedance 14 for detecting a voltage across the ground impedance 14 to generate a detected voltage value. For example, the detection module 15 can be a voltage detector connected in parallel to the terminal A and the terminal B of the ground impedance 14 for measuring the voltage across the ground impedance 14.
控制模組16分別耦接於充電電路12、放電電路13以及檢測模組15,用以判斷當檢測電壓值,以決定為充電或放電狀態。於實務上,控制模組16可為一種微控制器(MCU),用以選擇性地致能充電電路12或放電電路13。The control module 16 is coupled to the charging circuit 12, the discharging circuit 13, and the detecting module 15 for determining when the voltage value is detected to determine a charging or discharging state. In practice, the control module 16 can be a microcontroller (MCU) for selectively enabling the charging circuit 12 or the discharging circuit 13.
關於檢測模組15的配置可參見圖4,圖4係檢測模組之電路圖。如圖4所示,檢測模組15可為簡單的兩個串聯至Vcc的電阻R,控制模組16耦接於兩個電阻R之間。此外,接地阻抗14的端頭A係分別耦接電阻R以及第二連接端112,而接地阻抗14的端頭B耦接共用接地GND2。舉例來說,電阻R可為100k歐姆的電阻,而接地阻抗14可大略為0.5歐姆的電阻。若電壓源Vcc提供5V的電壓時,由於電阻R遠大於接地阻抗14,當無正向或負向電流流過時,控制模組16可以偵測到一半的Vcc電壓,也就是2.5V的一個固定電壓。For the configuration of the detection module 15, refer to FIG. 4, which is a circuit diagram of the detection module. As shown in FIG. 4, the detection module 15 can be a simple two resistors R connected in series to Vcc, and the control module 16 is coupled between the two resistors R. In addition, the terminal A of the grounding impedance 14 is coupled to the resistor R and the second connecting end 112, respectively, and the terminal B of the grounding impedance 14 is coupled to the common ground GND2. For example, the resistance R can be a resistance of 100 k ohms, and the ground impedance 14 can be a resistance of approximately 0.5 ohms. If the voltage source Vcc provides a voltage of 5V, since the resistance R is much larger than the grounding impedance 14, when no forward or negative current flows, the control module 16 can detect half of the Vcc voltage, that is, a fixed 2.5V. Voltage.
當有電流自第一連接端111輸入而自第二連接端112輸出時,接地阻抗14的端頭A的電壓應略小於0V(共用接地GND2的電壓),使得兩個電阻R分壓之後,控制模組16於30偵測的電壓小於2.5V的門限值,也就是裝置1處於充電狀態中。若30的電壓值逐漸升壓,直到升至2.5V的門限值時,表示裝置1的充電狀態已完成。相反的,當有電流自第一連接端111輸出而自第二連接端112輸入時,接地阻抗14的端頭A的電壓應略大於0V(共用接地GND2的電壓),使得兩個電阻R分壓之後,控制模組16於30偵測到的電壓大於2.5V的門限值,也就是裝置1處於放電狀態中。若30的電壓值逐漸降壓,直到降至2.5V的門限值時,表示裝置1的放電狀態已結束。When a current is input from the first connection terminal 111 and is output from the second connection terminal 112, the voltage of the terminal A of the ground impedance 14 should be slightly smaller than 0 V (the voltage of the common ground GND2), so that after the two resistors R are divided, The voltage detected by the control module 16 at 30 is less than a threshold of 2.5V, that is, the device 1 is in a state of charge. If the voltage value of 30 is gradually increased until it reaches the threshold of 2.5V, it indicates that the state of charge of the device 1 has been completed. Conversely, when a current is output from the first connection terminal 111 and input from the second connection terminal 112, the voltage of the terminal A of the ground impedance 14 should be slightly larger than 0 V (the voltage of the common ground GND2), so that the two resistances R are divided. After the voltage is applied, the voltage detected by the control module 16 at 30 is greater than the threshold of 2.5V, that is, the device 1 is in a discharged state. If the voltage value of 30 is gradually stepped down until the threshold value of 2.5V is lowered, it indicates that the discharge state of the device 1 has ended.
切換電路19a、19b受控於控制模組16,用以改變多個電池3之間的電性連接方式。當智能型電力儲存裝置1在充電狀態時,控制切換電路19a、19b,將電池3的負極分別電性連接至智能型電力儲存裝置1之接地端GND2,正極分別接至充電電路12,使得每一個電池3可以單獨地被充電。於實務上,本實施例所稱之切換電路19a、19b可以用繼電器實現,本發明在此並不限定切換電路19a、19b的種類,切換電路19a、19b當然也可以為功率電晶體開關或是其他適當的開關結構。The switching circuits 19a, 19b are controlled by the control module 16 for changing the electrical connection between the plurality of batteries 3. When the smart power storage device 1 is in the charging state, the switching circuits 19a and 19b are controlled to electrically connect the negative electrodes of the battery 3 to the grounding end GND2 of the smart power storage device 1, and the positive electrodes are respectively connected to the charging circuit 12, so that each One battery 3 can be charged separately. In practice, the switching circuits 19a and 19b referred to in this embodiment can be implemented by relays. The present invention does not limit the types of switching circuits 19a and 19b. The switching circuits 19a and 19b can of course be power transistor switches or Other suitable switch structures.
相反地,當智能型電力儲存裝置1在放電狀態時,控制模組16,控制切換電路19a、19b將個別的電池3以串聯的方式連接,使得複數個電池3可以串連起來提供一個較大的電壓。Conversely, when the smart power storage device 1 is in the discharging state, the control module 16 controls the switching circuits 19a, 19b to connect the individual batteries 3 in series so that the plurality of batteries 3 can be connected in series to provide a larger one. Voltage.
當每一個電池3單獨地被充電時,控制模組16中的偵測單元163更可用以偵測每一個電池3的電池電壓值。舉例來說,控制模組16可先預設一個第二門限值(即電池電壓值的安全臨界值),當其中任一電池3的電池電壓值超過此第二門限值時,控制模組16可對應控制充電電路12,用以降低或停止充電電路12輸出至所有電池3的電流。When each of the batteries 3 is individually charged, the detecting unit 163 in the control module 16 is further operable to detect the battery voltage value of each of the batteries 3. For example, the control module 16 can preset a second threshold value (ie, a safety threshold value of the battery voltage value). When the battery voltage value of any of the batteries 3 exceeds the second threshold value, the control mode is controlled. The group 16 can correspond to the control charging circuit 12 for reducing or stopping the current output by the charging circuit 12 to all of the batteries 3.
另一方面,若每一個電池3的電池電壓值均未超過第二門限值時,控制模組16a控制充電電路12輸出較大且固定的電流至電池3。當然,本發明並不以此為限,在符合安全規範的情況下,使用者更可以自行設定其他不同的充電模式,以加快充電電路12對電池3充電的速度。On the other hand, if the battery voltage value of each of the batteries 3 does not exceed the second threshold value, the control module 16a controls the charging circuit 12 to output a large and fixed current to the battery 3. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto. In the case of complying with the safety regulations, the user can set other different charging modes by himself to speed up the charging circuit 12 to charge the battery 3.
綜上所述,本發明實施例提供一種智能型電力儲存裝置,所述智能型電力儲存裝置之電源輸入端與電源輸出端為同一電力傳輸模組。也就是說,本發明可以利用一個通用串列匯流排(USB)連接埠作為充電與放電之接頭。除此之外,所述智能型電力儲存裝置具有啟動模組,以此感測智能型電力儲存裝置是否已經卡接與電子裝置。藉此,所述智能型電力儲存裝置可以做為目前市面上的大部分電子裝置的緊急充電裝置,而且又具有輕薄短小、攜帶方便等優勢。In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent power storage device, wherein the power input end and the power output end of the intelligent power storage device are the same power transmission module. That is, the present invention can utilize a universal serial bus (USB) port as a connector for charging and discharging. In addition, the smart power storage device has a startup module to sense whether the smart power storage device has been engaged with the electronic device. Thereby, the intelligent power storage device can be used as an emergency charging device for most electronic devices currently on the market, and has the advantages of being light and thin, and convenient to carry.
以上所述僅為本發明之實施例,其並非用以侷限本發明之專利範圍。The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
1、1a...智能型電力儲存裝置1, 1a. . . Intelligent power storage device
2...電子裝置2. . . Electronic device
3...電池3. . . battery
11...電力傳輸模組11. . . Power transmission module
111...第一連接端111. . . First connection
112...第二連接端112. . . Second connection
12...充電電路12. . . Charging circuit
13...放電電路13. . . Discharge circuit
14...接地阻抗14. . . Ground impedance
15...檢測模組15. . . Detection module
16...控制模組16. . . Control module
161...電源輸入端161. . . Power input
163...偵測單元163. . . Detection unit
17、17a、17b、17c、17d、17e、17f...啟動模組17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e, 17f. . . Startup module
170...比較器170. . . Comparators
19a、19b...切換電路19a, 19b. . . Switching circuit
21...電子裝置之正電源端twenty one. . . Positive power terminal of the electronic device
22...電子裝置之接地端twenty two. . . Ground terminal of electronic device
A...接地阻抗之一端頭A. . . One end of the grounding impedance
B...接地阻抗之另一端頭B. . . The other end of the grounding impedance
GND1...電子裝置之接地面GND1. . . Ground plane of electronic device
GND2...智能型電力儲存裝置之接地端GND2. . . Ground terminal of intelligent power storage device
R、R1、R2、R3...電阻R, R1, R2, R3. . . resistance
C...電容C. . . capacitance
Vcc...電壓源Vcc. . . power source
圖1係繪示依據本發明一實施例之智能型電力儲存裝置之方塊圖。1 is a block diagram of an intelligent power storage device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2係繪示本發明一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。2 is a circuit diagram of a boot module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
圖3係繪示本發明另一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。3 is a circuit diagram of a boot module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
圖4係繪示本發明又一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。4 is a circuit diagram of a startup module according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
圖5係繪示本發明另又一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a startup module according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
圖6係繪示本發明另又一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。6 is a circuit diagram of a start-up module according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
圖7係繪示本發明另又一實施例之啟動模組之電路圖。FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a startup module according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
圖8係繪示依據本發明一實施例之檢測模組之電路圖。FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a detection module according to an embodiment of the invention.
1...智能型電力儲存裝置1. . . Intelligent power storage device
2...電子裝置2. . . Electronic device
3...電池3. . . battery
11...電力傳輸模組11. . . Power transmission module
12...充電電路12. . . Charging circuit
13...放電電路13. . . Discharge circuit
14...接地阻抗14. . . Ground impedance
15...檢測模組15. . . Detection module
16...控制模組16. . . Control module
21...電子裝置之正電源端twenty one. . . Positive power terminal of the electronic device
22...電子裝置之接地端twenty two. . . Ground terminal of electronic device
111...第一連接端111. . . First connection
112...第二連接端112. . . Second connection
A...接地阻抗之一端頭A. . . One end of the grounding impedance
B...接地阻抗之另一端頭B. . . The other end of the grounding impedance
GND1...電子裝置之接地面GND1. . . Ground plane of electronic device
GND2...智能型電力儲存裝置之接地端GND2. . . Ground terminal of intelligent power storage device
Claims (8)
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TW100143922A TW201322589A (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | Smart electric power storage device |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI661648B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-06-01 | 神基科技股份有限公司 | Charging circuit and charging-controlling method |
TWI662764B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-06-11 | 技嘉科技股份有限公司 | Motherboard with a smart charging function |
TWI678045B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-11-21 | 勝德國際研發股份有限公司 | Outlet controlling system and smart outlet device |
US11088557B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2021-08-10 | Giga-Byte Technology Co., Ltd. | Motherboard with a charging function |
-
2011
- 2011-11-30 TW TW100143922A patent/TW201322589A/en unknown
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI678045B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-11-21 | 勝德國際研發股份有限公司 | Outlet controlling system and smart outlet device |
TWI661648B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-06-01 | 神基科技股份有限公司 | Charging circuit and charging-controlling method |
TWI662764B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-06-11 | 技嘉科技股份有限公司 | Motherboard with a smart charging function |
US11088557B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2021-08-10 | Giga-Byte Technology Co., Ltd. | Motherboard with a charging function |
US11228194B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2022-01-18 | Giga-Byte Technology Co., Ltd | Motherboard with a smart charging function |
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