TW201314706A - Device of chemical and electrochemical decontaminations - Google Patents

Abstract

A device is provided for decontamination of radioactive polluted metal materials. Metal materials having complicated shapes are decontaminated through a chemical method; and, those having simple shapes, through a chemical or electrochemical method. Thus, radioactive polluted metal materials are decontaminated in a short time for achieving a decontamination ratio higher than 86%. The decontaminated metal materials can be recycled to release burden on finding places for storing radioactive polluted waste.

Description

Chemical and electrochemical decontamination device and method thereof

The invention relates to a chemical and electrochemical decontamination device and a method thereof, in particular to a decontamination of radioactively contaminated metal waste by an inorganic decontaminant, in particular to decontamination and recovery of more than 86% of contaminated metal. Reuse, to reduce the effectiveness of the storage pressure of the radioactive waste repository.

A 1,000 megawatt (MWe) pressurized water or boiling water reactor can produce about tens of tons of contaminated scrap metal every year. In the future, about 10,000 tons of contaminated steel will be produced. There are three nuclear power plants in operation in China. The operation and maintenance will produce about 50 tons of contaminated scrap metal every year. The three nuclear power plants will be decommissioned in the future, which will produce about 30,000 tons of contaminated steel. After proper decontamination, it will be More than 86% do not have to enter the final disposal site, and resources can be recycled and reused. Therefore, the establishment of appropriate decontamination facilities can be beneficial to the disposal of radioactive waste.

At present, the waste generated by the decommissioning operation of nuclear facilities, after proper classification and low-level radioactive pollution of the metal, only about 3% of the radioactive waste must be delivered to the final disposal site, and 5% can be recycled, about 92%. Sending to the general business waste disposal site, it can be seen that the disposal of low-level radioactive waste by the decontamination facilities can make most of the low-level radioactive wastes not have to enter the final disposal site. Therefore, it is beneficial to establish appropriate decontamination facilities. Disposal of radioactively contaminated waste, and facilities that need to be established without delay.

According to the existing chemical decontamination technology, there are:

(1) Reducing oxidizing reagent (Redox), the countries used are Japan and China:

a. Oxidation: increase the oxidation state of metal ions, such as: alkaline permanganate;

Cr(III)? Cr(IV)(CrO ₄ ^2- );

b. Reduction: increase the solubility of iron cations (reducing acid dissolution).

(2) Chemical redox reaction (CODR), using countries such as Germany (VAK plan), Sweden (OsKarshamn unit), Belgium (pressurized water reactor (BR3)) and Russia:

a. oxidation: alkaline permanganic acid;

b. Reduction: Dicarboxylic.

Subsequent treatment: use of ion exchange or evaporation of solvent.

(3) POD, the country of use is Russia (WWER reactor): its decontamination principle is similar to CODR, and the reducing acid reagent is changed to organic reagent (oxalic acid).

Subsequent treatment: UV (UV) degradation can be used.

(4) CAN-DECON, the country of use is Canada (Atomic Energy Corporation (AECL)): the decontaminant used is Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), citric acid and oxalic acid; using reducing acid Dissolution, EDTA chelation, and the principle of alkaline potassium permanganate (AP), acid potassium permanganate (NP) pre-oxidation, in 0.1% detergent, 95 ~ 120 ° C and 24 ~ 30 hours (hr Decontamination under decontamination conditions.

Decontamination method: firstly watering, heating, degassing; secondly adding a decontaminating agent to heat up the cycle; finally adding a decontaminating agent if necessary or regenerating the decontaminating agent with a cationic resin.

(5) Low Oxidation State Metal Ion (LOMI), used in the United Kingdom (Power Company (CEGB)) and the United States (Electrical Research Institute (EPRI)): the decontaminant used is bivalent Vanadous formate and picolinic acid; using V ^{+ 2} for reducing acid dissolution, picolinic acid with chelation, and AP, NP pre-oxidation principle, in 0.3-0.7% detergent, Decontamination is carried out under decontamination conditions of 75 to 95 ° C and 4 to 8 hr.

Decontamination method: first watering, heating, degassing; secondly adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and picolinic acid; finally adding vanadium formate.

(6) Citric plus Oxalic acids (CITROX), the countries used are the United States (Dow Chemical), the United Kingdom (CECO): the decontaminants used are citric acid ammonia and oxalic acid; Acidic acid dissolution, oxalic acid chelation, and AP pre-oxidation principle, decontamination under 0.2 to 0.3% decontaminant, 85-90 ° C and 5-20 hr decontamination conditions.

Decontamination method: first watering, heating, degassing; finally adding decontaminant.

(7) NS-1, the country of use is France (Electric Power Company (EDF)): the decontaminant used is EDTA, organic acid and inorganic acid; using acid dissolution and reducing dissolution, vitamin C has chelation, And the principle of NP pre-oxidation, decontamination under 0.7 to 1% detergent, 80 ° C and 5-10 hr decontamination conditions.

Decontamination method: first watering, heating, degassing; finally adding decontaminant.

(8) OZOX/CORD, the country of use is Germany (Siemens): the decontaminant used is oxalic acid; the use of reducing solubility, oxalic acid chelation, and the principle of permanganic preoxidation Decontamination was carried out under 0.2% decontaminant, 95 ° C and 3 to 5 hr decontamination conditions.

Decontamination method: first watering, heating, degassing; finally adding decontaminant.

(9) EMMAC, the country of use is France (Electric Power Company (EDF)): its decontaminant is vitamin C and nitric acid, acid dissolution and reductive dissolution, vitamin C chelation, and NP pre-oxidation Principle, decontamination is carried out under a decontamination condition of 0.7 to 1% of a detergent, 80 ° C and 5 to 10 hr.

Decontamination method: first watering, heating, degassing; finally adding decontaminant.

The decontamination methods described above all require long-term operation, and most of the decontaminants are decontaminants of organic components, which are disadvantageous for the treatment of secondary waste. Therefore, the general practitioners cannot meet the needs of the user in actual use.

The main object of the present invention is to overcome the above problems encountered in the prior art and to provide a kind of inorganic decontaminating agent for decontaminating radioactive contaminated metal waste, which can achieve more than 86% of contaminated metal decontamination and recycling. To reduce the effectiveness of storage pressure on radioactive waste storage.

For the purpose of the above, the present invention is a chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus and method thereof, the decontamination apparatus comprising: a degreasing unit for injecting a degreasing liquid; and a first water washing provided on one side of the degreasing unit a first chemical polishing unit disposed on one side of the first water washing unit, injecting a 25W.T.% chemical decontaminant; and a second chemical polishing unit disposed on one side of the first chemical polishing unit Injecting a 45W.T.% chemical decontaminant; a first liquid recovery unit disposed on one side of the second chemical polishing unit; and an electrochemical polishing disposed on the side of the first chemical recovery unit The unit is injected with a 45W.T.% electrochemical decontaminant; a second liquid recovery unit disposed on one side of the electrochemical polishing unit; and a second disposed on the side of the second liquid recovery unit a water washing unit; a third water washing unit disposed on one side of the second water washing unit; an ultrasonic washing unit disposed on one side of the third water washing unit; and a wind cutting unit disposed on one side of the ultrasonic washing unit; A drying unit disposed on one side of the wind cutting unit. The decontamination method is classified according to the shape of the object to be decontaminated, and the metal having a complicated shape is chemically decontaminated, and the metal of the regular shape is chemically or electrochemically decontaminated.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the main components of the degreasing liquid are sodium metasilicate sulphate 24 to 30%, trisodium phosphate 13 to 17%, soda ash 9 to 11%, sodium tripolyphosphate 9 to 11%, and ruthenium. Sodium is 7 to 9% and is formulated at a ratio of 1:10.

In one embodiment of the invention, the degreasing liquid can be a 40 W.T.% sodium hydroxide solution.

In an embodiment of the invention, the chemical decontaminant of the first chemical polishing unit comprises fluoroboric acid (HBF ₄ ), mineral acid and an oxidizing agent.

In an embodiment of the invention, the chemical decontaminant of the second chemical polishing unit comprises phosphoric acid (H ₃ PO ₄ ), mineral acid and an oxidizing agent.

In an embodiment of the invention, the electrochemical cleaning agent of the electrochemical polishing unit comprises phosphoric acid, mineral acid and an oxidizing agent.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the degreasing unit, the first water washing unit, the first chemical polishing unit, the second chemical polishing unit, the first chemical liquid recovery unit, the electrochemical polishing unit, and the second The chemical liquid recovery unit, the second water washing unit, the third water washing unit, the ultrasonic water washing unit, the wind cutting unit and the drying unit are disposed in a decontamination working room, and the decontamination working room is flanked by An operation aisle and a maintenance aisle are provided, and the decontamination operation room is provided with a lifting unit, and a loading area and a sampling area are respectively disposed adjacent to the degreasing unit and the drying unit. And an operating mechanism, a degreasing liquid storage tank, a first chemical decontaminant storage tank, a second chemical decontaminant storage tank and an electrochemical decontaminant storage tank are disposed on the outdoor side of the decontamination operation, and In addition to connecting the lifting unit, the operating mechanism may further be connected with a feeding/filtering unit, a circulation/processing unit, a heating unit, a cooling unit and an exhaust gas scrubber unit.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the feeding/filtering unit comprises: respectively connecting the degreasing liquid storage tank, the first chemical decontaminant storage tank, the second chemical decontaminant storage tank, and the electrification Learn the feed pump and filter of the decontamination tank.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the circulation/processing unit includes a plurality of communication between the degreasing unit and the degreasing liquid storage tank, between the first chemical polishing unit and the first chemical decontaminant storage tank, a circulation pump between the second chemical polishing unit and the second chemical detergent storage tank, and between the electrochemical polishing unit and the electrochemical detergent storage tank, and a blower disposed in the decontamination working chamber .

In an embodiment of the invention, the heating unit is disposed in the degreasing unit and the first and second chemical polishing units.

In an embodiment of the invention, the cooling unit comprises a plurality of cooling pumps in communication with the first chemical polishing unit, the second chemical polishing unit, and the electrochemical polishing unit.

In an embodiment of the invention, the exhaust gas scrubber unit is disposed at a top end of the decontamination working chamber and is connected to the first chemical polishing unit, the second chemical polishing unit, and the electrochemical polishing unit.

In an embodiment of the invention, the heating unit is heated by steam into the stainless steel tube coated with Teflon.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first chemical polishing unit is decontaminated with a 25 W.T.% chemical decontaminant at an operating temperature of 63-77 ° C and an operating time of 54-66 min.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the second chemical polishing unit performs decontamination with a 45 W.T.% chemical decontaminant at an operating temperature of 45-55 ° C and an operating time of 18-22 min.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical polishing unit is a 45 W.T.% electrochemical decontaminant at a current density of 0.27 to 0.33 A/cm ² and an operation time of 27 to 33 min. Decontamination items are to be decontaminated.

In one embodiment of the present invention, at least 86% of the contaminated metal is decontaminated and recycled for radioactively contaminated metal waste.

Please refer to FIG. 1 for a schematic diagram of the device architecture of the present invention. As shown in the figure: the present invention is a chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus and method thereof. The apparatus comprises at least a degreasing unit 101, a first water washing unit 102, a first chemical polishing unit 103, and a second chemical polishing unit. 104, a first chemical liquid recovery unit 105, an electrochemical polishing unit 106, a second chemical liquid recovery unit 107, a second water washing unit 108, a third water washing unit 109, an ultrasonic washing unit 110, a wind The cutting unit 111 and a drying unit 112 are formed.

The degreasing unit 101 mentioned above is injected with a degreasing liquid for removing the oil stain on the surface of the material to be decontaminated, and the main component of the degreasing liquid is sodium citrate 24 to 30% (preferably 27%) and trisodium phosphate. 13 to 17% (preferably 15%), soda ash 9 to 11% (preferably 10%), sodium tripolyphosphate 9 to 11% (preferably 10%), and sodium ortho-sodium citrate 7 to 9% ( Preferably it is 8%) and is formulated in a ratio of 1:10; or a 40 W.T.% sodium hydroxide solution.

The first water washing unit 102 is disposed on one side of the degreasing unit 101, and cleans the dirt on the surface of the object to be decontaminated and the residual degreasing liquid by water.

The first chemical polishing unit 103 is disposed on one side of the first water washing unit 102, and decontaminates the shape-to-decontamination object with a 25W.T.% chemical decontaminant, and the first chemical polishing The chemical decontaminant of unit 103 contains fluoroboric acid (HBF ₄ ), mineral acid, and an oxidizing agent.

The second chemical polishing unit 104 is disposed on one side of the first chemical polishing unit 103, and decontaminates the shape-predetermined material to be decontaminated with 45W.T.% of the chemical decontaminant, and the second chemical The chemical decontaminant of the polishing unit contains phosphoric acid (H ₃ PO ₄ ), mineral acid, and an oxidizing agent.

The first chemical liquid recovery unit 105 is disposed on one side of the second chemical polishing unit 104 for recovering the chemical detergent, avoiding excessive detergent remaining in the wastewater, and increasing wastewater treatment difficulty.

The electrochemical polishing unit 106 is disposed on one side of the first liquid chemical recovery unit 105, and decontaminates the shape-predetermined material to be decontaminated with a 45 W.T.% electrochemical detergent. Wherein, the material to be decontaminated can be any metal material, which uses an electrochemical decontaminant of 45 W.T.% phosphoric acid, which comprises phosphoric acid, mineral acid and oxidant, and is in the range of 0.27-0.33 A/cm ² (compare The current density of 0.3 A/cm ² ) and the operation time of 27 to 33 min (preferably 30 min) are used to decontaminate the object to be decontaminated.

The second liquid chemical recovery unit 107 is disposed on one side of the electrochemical polishing unit 106 for recovering the electrochemical detergent, avoiding excessive detergent remaining in the wastewater, and increasing wastewater treatment difficulties.

The second water washing unit 108 is disposed on one side of the second chemical liquid recovery unit 107, and cleans the surface of the material to be decontaminated by the water and the residual chemical detergent.

The third water washing unit 109 is disposed on one side of the second water washing unit 108, and cleans the dirt on the surface of the object to be decontaminated and the residual chemical detergent by water.

The ultrasonic washing unit 110 is disposed on one side of the third washing unit 109, and functions as an ultrasonic wave to clean the chemical decontaminants remaining on the surface of the object to be decontaminated, the dirt and the residual of the hole, and is cleaned. The object to be decontaminated is automatically sprayed with water when it is lifted to ensure that the object to be decontaminated is clean.

The wind cutting unit 111 is disposed on one side of the ultrasonic washing unit 110, and blows off the surface moisture of the object to be decontaminated by using wind power.

The drying unit 112 is disposed on one side of the wind cutting unit 111, and further removes moisture from the surface of the object to be decontaminated by heat.

The first and second chemical polishing units 103 and 104 can be used for decontaminating the materials to be decontaminated in a complicated shape or in a regular manner, and the metals of different materials are treated by different decontaminants and operating conditions respectively; 25W.T.% fluoroboric acid plus a chemical decontaminant of mineral acid and oxidant, operating at 63-77 ° C (preferably 70 ° C) and operating time of 54-66 min (preferably 60 min) Decontamination; carbon steel material is 45W.T.% phosphoric acid plus a little mineral acid and oxidant chemical decontaminant, operating temperature of 45 ~ 55 ° C (preferably 50 ° C) and 18 ~ 22 min (preferably Decontamination is carried out at an operating time of 20 min; in which the heating is carried out by steam into a stainless steel tube coated with Teflon, indirectly heating the decontaminant.

In addition, the degreasing unit 101, the first water washing unit 102, the first chemical polishing unit 103, the second chemical polishing unit 104, the first chemical liquid recovery unit 105, the electrochemical polishing unit 106, and the second medicine The liquid recovery unit 107, the second water washing unit 108, the third water washing unit 109, the ultrasonic water washing unit 110, the wind cutting unit 111, and the drying unit 112 are disposed in a decontamination working room 10, and the dividing unit An operation walkway 113 and a maintenance walkway 114 are disposed on both sides of the dirty working room 10, and a lifting unit 115 is disposed above the decontamination working room 10 to lift the object to be decontaminated and move between the units. And adjacent to the degreasing unit 101 and the drying unit 112, respectively, a loading area 116 and a blanking area 117 are provided, and an operating mechanism 21 and a degreasing liquid are disposed outside the decontamination working room 10. a tank 22, a first chemical decontaminant storage tank 23, a second chemical decontaminant storage tank 24, and an electrochemical decontaminant storage tank 25, and the operating mechanism 21 is connected to the lifting unit 115. Further connected to a feed/filter unit 31, a cycle/process list 32, a heating unit 33, a cooling unit 34, and an exhaust gas washing tower 35 units. The feed/filter unit 31 is configured to be respectively connected to the degreasing liquid storage tank 22, the first chemical decontaminant storage tank 23, the second chemical decontaminant storage tank 24, and the electrochemical decontamination unit. a feed pump 311 of the reagent storage tank 25 and a filter 312; the circulation/treatment unit 32 includes a plurality of the respective degreasing unit 101 and the degreasing liquid storage tank 22, the first chemical polishing unit 103 and the first a cycle between the chemical decontamination reservoir 23, the second chemical polishing unit 104 and the second chemical decontamination reservoir 24, and between the electrochemical polishing unit 106 and the electrochemical decontamination reservoir 25 a pump 321 and a blower 322 disposed in the decontamination working chamber 10; the heating unit 33 is disposed in the degreasing unit 101 and the first and second chemical polishing units 103, 104; the cooling unit 34 includes There are a plurality of cooling pumps 341 communicating with the first chemical polishing unit 103, the second chemical polishing unit 104, and the electrochemical polishing unit 106; and the exhaust gas scrubber unit 35 is disposed at the top of the decontamination working chamber 10 and is connected To the first chemical polishing unit 103 and the second chemical polishing unit 104 The electrochemical polishing unit 106.

If so, the device can suspend the object to be decontaminated through the lifting unit 115, and the operating unit 21 controls the lifting unit 115 to continuously complete the operation of each unit to achieve decontamination of the radioactive contaminated metal.

When the present invention is used, the degreasing liquid is separately input into the degreasing liquid storage tank 22 by the feed pump 311, and the chemical decontaminant of 25 W.T.% fluoroboric acid is input to the first chemical. In the detergent storage tank 23, a chemical decontaminant of 45 W.T.% phosphoric acid is input into the second chemical decontaminant storage tank 24 and the electrochemical decontaminant storage tank 25, and the desired concentration is to be prepared. Then, it is input to the degreasing unit 101, the first chemical polishing unit 103, the second chemical polishing unit 104, and the electrochemical polishing unit 106 via the respective circulation pumps 321, and the circulation pump 321 can be used as a In addition to the use of the feed, it can be used as a circulating agitation during operation, and the degreasing unit 101, the first chemical polishing unit 103, the second chemical polishing unit 104, and the electrification can be utilized by the filter 312 during feeding. The polishing unit 106 is filtered to filter out impurities of the coarse particles to improve the use efficiency of the processing tank. In operation, the operating mechanism 21 performs the operation control of each step, and the lifting unit 115 carries the radioactive waste. Objects and other related items, and cooperate with each circulating pump 321 The degreasing unit 101, the first chemical polishing unit 103, the second chemical polishing unit 104, and the electrochemical polishing unit 106 are respectively circulated and stirred, and the temperature of the degreasing unit 101 is about 60 ° C by the heating unit 33. And the temperature of the first and second chemical polishing tanks 103, 104 are each about 70 ° C, 50 ° C, and then the degreasing unit 101 removes the grease on the surface of the radioactive waste to facilitate chemical decontamination or electrochemistry Decontamination, the first chemical polishing unit 103 is equipped with a fluoroboric acid series decontaminating agent, and has a fast dissolution rate for stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium, copper, aluminum, etc., and the relative decontamination time can be shortened, and the second chemical The polishing unit 104 is equipped with a phosphoric acid series decontaminating agent, and the decontamination time is longer than the fluoroboric acid series decontaminating agent, but the wastewater treatment only needs to be neutralized by acid and alkali to pH=7, which can save the trouble of wastewater treatment, and The electrochemical polishing unit 106 mainly uses 45W.T.% phosphoric acid as the electrolyte, and the principle is just opposite to the electroplating principle. The electroplating system is plated with one layer, and the electropolishing system is stripped of one layer, and the higher the current density, the faster the reaction, and Polished brightness is also large, electricity The polishing benefits Science Department of decontamination short time, can be operated at room temperature, but as the electrolyte temperature increased, the reaction is accelerated, the brightness will increase, this is noted in the hydrogen produced by electrolysis, the extraction equipment needed to handle.

The first, second and third water washing units 102, 108, 109 and the ultrasonic washing unit 110 are mainly used for washing away the residual chemical liquid or radioactive substance attached to the decontamination object, wherein the first water washing unit 102 is mainly used. The defatted lye on the surface of the waste is washed away, because after the degreasing unit 101, the liquid remaining on the surface of the waste is washed, the consumption of the acidic solution of the treatment tank can be reduced, and the second and third washing units 108, 109 and the ultrasonic washing unit 110 are operated when the decontamination object is passed through the second and third water washing units 108, 109 and the ultrasonic washing unit 110, and finally the water is cleaned to clean the decontamination object to ensure the object is clean; Wherein, the jetting water will overflow from the ultrasonic washing unit 110 to the third washing unit 109, then overflow to the second washing unit 108, and finally into the wastewater treatment system, so that not only waste water generation but also the ultrasonic wave can be saved. The water of the water washing unit 110 is cleaner than the third water washing unit 109, and the third water washing unit 109 is again cleaner than the second water washing unit 108.

In addition, the first chemical liquid recovery unit 105 and the second medical liquid recovery unit 107 are mainly used to allow the decontamination object to stay there, and some liquid medicine can be recovered, and the slot of the unit can also be used as the scheduling of each object. space.

Then, the to-be-decontaminated object is blown through the wind-cut unit 111, and the wind power is circulated, and the water remaining on the waste is blown into the wind-cut unit 111 by the wind, and finally the drying is performed. The unit 112 is dried, and the temperature in the drying unit 112 is maintained at 60 ° C and the hot air is continuously circulated, and the blower 322 is also disposed in the process to provide an air source, and the degreasing unit is lowered to the degreasing unit. When the 101 is in any slot of the ultrasonic washing unit 110 (except the first liquid chemical recovery unit 105 and the second chemical liquid recovery unit 107), the blower 322 is activated, and the liquid is stirred by the gas to be decontaminated. The article is fully decontaminated or cleaned and the blower 322 is closed when it leaves.

If the operating temperature of the first chemical polishing unit 103, the second chemical polishing unit 104, and the electrochemical polishing unit 106 exceeds 80 ° C (due to the deformation softening of the tank), the cooling pump 341 of the cooling unit 34 is facilitated. The first chemical polishing unit 103, the second chemical polishing unit 104, and the chemical polishing unit 106 are separately extracted for heat exchange to maintain the proper operating temperature.

Since the chemical polishing operation of the present invention operates at a temperature of about 50 ° C to 70 ° C, chemical polishing under such conditions generates acid gas, and electrochemical polishing produces hydrogen gas in addition to the generation of acid gas. These gases will be pumped through the exhaust scrubber unit 35 and washed with acid and then discharged.

Thereby, the present invention utilizes the above chemical and electrochemical decontamination device to suspend the object to be decontaminated by the gantry crane, and continuously completes the operation of each unit by a programmable logic controller (PLC) to achieve Decontamination of radioactively contaminated metals. The method of decontamination is classified by the shape of the object to be decontaminated, chemically decontaminated by metal with complicated shape, chemically or electrochemically decontaminated by metal of regular shape, classified by metal material, and radioactively contaminated by inorganic decontaminant. Metal waste is decontaminated, not only for short operation time, but also the secondary waste generated by it can be treated separately, so that the invention can achieve more than 86% of the contaminated metal decontamination and recycling, and to reduce the radioactive waste repository. The effect of storage pressure.

In summary, the present invention is a chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus and method thereof, which can effectively improve various disadvantages of the conventional use, and can turn low-pollution radioactive metal waste into negligible micro-radioactive waste, thereby achieving resource recovery. For the purpose of use or external release, the storage pressure of the radioactive waste storage warehouse can be alleviated, so that the invention can be more advanced, more practical and more suitable for the user, and indeed meets the requirements of the invention patent application, and is proposed according to law. patent application.

However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; therefore, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the invention are modified. All should remain within the scope of the invention patent.

10. . . Decontamination operation room

101. . . Degreasing unit

102. . . First washing unit

103. . . First chemical polishing unit

104. . . Second chemical polishing unit

105. . . First liquid recovery unit

106. . . Electrochemical polishing unit

107. . . Second liquid recovery unit

108. . . Second washing unit

109. . . Third washing unit

110. . . Ultrasonic washing unit

111. . . Wind cut unit

112. . . Drying unit

113. . . Operational walkway

114. . . Maintenance aisle

115. . . Lifting unit

116. . . Loading area

117. . . Cutting area

twenty one. . . Operating mechanism

twenty two. . . Degreasing liquid storage tank

twenty three. . . First chemical decontamination tank

twenty four. . . Second chemical decontamination tank

25. . . Electrochemical decontaminant storage tank

31. . . Feed/filter unit

311. . . Feed pump

312. . . filter

32. . . Loop/processing unit

321. . . Circulating pump

322. . . Blower

33. . . Heating unit

34. . . Cooling unit

341. . . Cooling pump

35. . . Exhaust scrubber unit

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

10. . . Decontamination operation room

101. . . Degreasing unit

102. . . First washing unit

103. . . First chemical polishing unit

104. . . Second chemical polishing unit

105. . . First liquid recovery unit

106. . . Electrochemical polishing unit

107. . . Second liquid recovery unit

108. . . Second washing unit

109. . . Third washing unit

110. . . Ultrasonic washing unit

111. . . Wind cut unit

112. . . Drying unit

113. . . Operational walkway

114. . . Maintenance aisle

115. . . Lifting unit

116. . . Loading area

117. . . Cutting area

twenty one. . . Operating mechanism

twenty two. . . Degreasing liquid storage tank

twenty three. . . First chemical decontamination tank

twenty four. . . Second chemical decontamination tank

25. . . Electrochemical decontaminant storage tank

31. . . Feed/filter unit

311. . . Feed pump

312. . . filter

32. . . Loop/processing unit

321. . . Circulating pump

322. . . Blower

33. . . Heating unit

34. . . Cooling unit

341. . . Cooling pump

35. . . Exhaust scrubber unit

Claims (18)

A chemical and electrochemical decontamination device comprises: a degreasing unit, which is filled with a degreasing liquid for removing oil on the surface of a decontaminating object; a first water washing unit is disposed on one side of the degreasing unit and is washed with water. Clearing the dirt on the surface of the object to be decontaminated and the residual degreasing liquid; a first chemical polishing unit is disposed on one side of the first water washing unit, and has a chemical decontaminant of 25 W.T.% for a complicated shape Decontaminating material is decontaminated; a second chemical polishing unit is disposed on one side of the first chemical polishing unit, and decontaminating the shape-predetermined decontaminating object with a 45W.T.% chemical decontaminating agent a first chemical liquid recovery unit is disposed on one side of the second chemical polishing unit for recovering a chemical detergent; an electrochemical polishing unit is disposed on one side of the first liquid recovery unit 45W.T.% of the electrochemical decontaminant for decontaminating the shape of the object to be decontaminated; a second liquid recovery unit is disposed on one side of the electrochemical polishing unit for recovering the electrochemical a detergent unit; a second water washing unit is provided in the second medicine On one side of the recovery unit, the surface of the material to be decontaminated is cleaned with water and the residual chemical decontaminant; a third water washing unit is disposed on one side of the second water washing unit, and the object to be decontaminated is washed with water. Surface dirt and residual chemical decontaminant; an ultrasonic washing unit is disposed on one side of the third water washing unit for the chemical decontamination agent remaining on the surface of the object to be decontaminated, the dirt of the hole and the residue Cleaned; a wind-cut unit is disposed on one side of the ultrasonic washing unit, and blows off the surface moisture of the object to be decontaminated by the wind; and a drying unit is disposed on one side of the wind-cut unit The surface moisture of the object to be decontaminated is further removed by heat. According to the chemical and electrochemical decontamination device of claim 1, wherein the main component of the degreasing solution is sodium metasilicate, 24 to 30%, trisodium phosphate, 13 to 17%, and soda ash, 9 to 11%. Sodium tripolyphosphate 9-11% and sodium orthonotate 7-9% were prepared at a ratio of 1:10. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the degreasing liquid is a 40 W.T.% sodium hydroxide solution. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the chemical decontaminant of the first chemical polishing unit comprises fluoroboric acid (HBF ₄ ), mineral acid and an oxidizing agent. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the chemical decontaminant of the second chemical polishing unit comprises phosphoric acid, mineral acid and an oxidizing agent. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical decontamination unit of the electrochemical polishing unit comprises phosphoric acid, mineral acid and an oxidizing agent. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the degreasing unit, the first water washing unit, the first chemical polishing unit, the second chemical polishing unit, and the first chemical liquid recovery The unit, the electrochemical polishing unit, the second liquid recovery unit, the second water washing unit, the third water washing unit, the ultrasonic water washing unit, the wind cutting unit, and the drying unit are disposed in a decontamination operation In the chamber, an operation walkway and a maintenance walkway are disposed on both sides of the decontamination operation room, and the decontamination operation room is provided with a lifting unit on the upper activity, and is adjacent to the degreasing unit and the drying unit. There is a loading area and a sampling area respectively, and an operating mechanism, a degreasing liquid storage tank, a first chemical decontaminant storage tank and a second chemical decontaminant storage tank are arranged on the outdoor side of the decontamination operation. And an electrochemical decontaminant storage tank, and the operating mechanism is further connected with a feeding/filtering unit, a circulation/processing unit, a heating unit, a cooling unit and an exhaust gas in addition to the lifting unit. Washing tower unit The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the invention, wherein the feed/filter unit comprises: a first chemical decontaminant storage tank respectively disposed in the degreasing liquid storage tank; a second chemical decontaminant reservoir and a feed pump and filter of the electrochemical decontamination reservoir. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the invention, wherein the circulation/treatment unit comprises a plurality of respectively connected between the degreasing unit and the degreasing liquid storage tank, the first chemical polishing unit and a first chemical decontaminant storage tank, a second chemical polishing unit and the second chemical decontaminant storage tank, and a circulation pump between the electrochemical polishing unit and the electrochemical decontaminant storage tank, and A blower disposed in the decontamination working room. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the heating unit is disposed in the degreasing unit and the first and second chemical polishing units. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the invention, wherein the cooling unit comprises a plurality of cooling connected to the first chemical polishing unit, the second chemical polishing unit and the electrochemical polishing unit. Pump. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the exhaust gas scrubber unit is disposed at a top end of the decontamination working chamber and communicates with the first chemical polishing unit and the second chemical polishing unit. And the electrochemical polishing unit. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the heating unit is heated by steam into a stainless steel tube coated with Teflon. According to the chemical and electrochemical decontamination device described in the first paragraph of the patent application, the shape of the object to be decontaminated is decontaminated, the metal with a complex shape is chemically decontaminated, and the metal of the shape is chemically or electrochemically. Decontamination. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first chemical polishing unit is a chemical decontaminant of 25 W.T.%, an operating temperature of 63 to 77 ° C, and 54 to The material to be decontaminated is decontaminated at an operation time of 66 min. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second chemical polishing unit is a 45 W.T.% chemical decontaminant, an operating temperature of 45 to 55 ° C and 18 to The object to be decontaminated is decontaminated under an operation time of 22 min. The chemical and electrochemical decontamination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical polishing unit has a current density of 0.27 to 0.33 A/cm ^{2 with} an electrochemical decontaminant of 45 W.T.%. And decontaminating the object to be decontaminated under the operation time of 27 to 33 minutes. According to the chemical and electrochemical decontamination device described in the first paragraph of the patent application, it has at least 86% of contaminated metal decontamination for radioactively contaminated metal waste.