TW201309864A - Depilation method of animal skin - Google Patents
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本發明係涉及一種動物皮脫毛之方法,更具體而言,係關於一種不使用石灰且大量減少硫化鹼的使用,因而大幅降低製革製程的廢棄物及其汙染程度的動物皮脫毛之方法。The present invention relates to a method for depilating animal skin, and more particularly to a method for depilating animal skin which does not use lime and which greatly reduces the use of alkali sulfide, thereby greatly reducing waste of the tanning process and its degree of contamination.
皮革是由動物身上的皮毛經鞣製後產生,鞣製前需經過預浸水、浸水、脫毛浸灰、脫灰等主要製程,目的在於將所取得之動物皮去鹽、去汙,使動物皮恢復適當的含水量與膨脹程度,並保持其新鮮度,最關鍵的步驟便在於脫毛浸灰,皮質的好壞除了動物皮本身的條件之外,脫毛浸灰的步驟也是其決定性的因素,此步驟的目的在於將原皮的毛髮摧毀,打開皮革之膠原纖維並乳化原皮本身的天然動物油脂,以利後續的鞣製製程。因此,簡言之,在製革製程中的前段程序,主要是要將動物皮(包括生皮與鹽漬皮)脫毛,並把皮革纖維作一定程度的開放,以便進行下一階段的程序。The leather is produced by the tanning of the fur of the animal. Before the tanning, the main process of pre-soaking, soaking, depilating and deliming is required. The purpose is to remove the salt and decontamination of the obtained animal skin and restore the animal skin properly. The water content and the degree of expansion, and maintain its freshness, the most critical step is the hair removal ash, the quality of the cortex in addition to the conditions of the animal skin itself, the step of hair removal ash is also a decisive factor, this step The purpose is to destroy the hair of the original skin, open the collagen fibers of the leather and emulsify the natural animal oil of the original skin to facilitate the subsequent tanning process. Therefore, in short, the anterior procedure in the tanning process is mainly to depilate the animal skin (including raw and salted skin) and open the leather fiber to a certain extent for the next stage of the procedure.
近幾十年來,傳統的製革製程中,動物皮脫毛及皮革纖維開放技術的主要基本原料是使用大量的石灰以及硫化物,硫化物以及石灰的使用具有成本低、效率高、易控制等優點,但缺點是石灰本身的溶解度低(15~25%),使得廢水中存在著大量因石灰不溶解所產生的沈澱物,以及因為大量硫化物而產生的高化學需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD),還有因硫化物造成有機物不易分解的高生化需氧量(Biochemical Oxygen Demand,BOD),所以動物皮脫毛程序成為整體皮革製程中,COD、BOD以及固形廢棄物的最主要產生者。In recent decades, in the traditional tanning process, the main basic raw materials for animal skin depilation and leather fiber opening technology are the use of large amounts of lime and sulfides. The use of sulfides and limes has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and easy control. However, the disadvantage is that the solubility of lime itself is low (15~25%), so that there are a large amount of precipitates in the wastewater due to the insolubilization of lime, and the high chemical oxygen demand (COD) due to the large amount of sulfides (Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD) ), as well as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), which is caused by sulfides, which are difficult to decompose organic matter. Therefore, the animal skin hair removal program is the main producer of COD, BOD and solid waste in the overall leather process.
過去有許多的不同製程技術例如氧化脫毛法、酶脫毛法以及目前常被使用的有機胺及有機硫脫毛法。目前主要使用酶脫毛法以及有機胺及有機硫脫毛法來解決上述的問題,尤其是酶脫毛法,在近年來更被提出來討論及實驗。傳統的酶脫毛法一直被提出探討,但由於其使用單一蛋白酶的方式,使得在操作上對於條件控制及實際操作上顯得較為煩瑣,並且常常造成在皮面粒面的破壞與皮革纖維過度鬆散。In the past, there have been many different process technologies such as oxidative hair removal, enzymatic hair removal, and the organic amines and organic sulfur hair removal methods that are currently used. At present, the enzyme hair removal method and the organic amine and organic sulfur hair removal method are mainly used to solve the above problems, especially the enzyme hair removal method, which has been proposed and discussed in recent years. Conventional enzymatic hair removal methods have been proposed, but due to their use of a single protease, the operation is cumbersome for conditional control and practical operation, and often causes damage to the grain surface and excessive looseness of the leather fibers.
動物皮的主要成份為蛋白質及脂肪,所以在動物皮脫毛及皮革纖維開放的加工技術中,必須針對脂肪予以部份分解去除,對於白蛋白、球蛋白及醣蛋白等非結構性蛋白進行部份分解去除,然後對於結構性蛋白如膠原蛋白、彈性蛋白、角蛋白等進行分解去除,如此可達到動物皮脫毛及皮革纖維開放的較理想結果,然而傳統製程上仍以石灰及硫化物(硫化鈉及硫氫化鈉)做為主要分解蛋白質及開放皮革纖維的主要原料,酶仍做為助劑使用。而傳統的有機胺及有機硫脫毛法則是在COD以及固形廢棄物的減少方面,有著一定的難度。The main components of animal skin are protein and fat. Therefore, in the processing technology of animal skin hair removal and leather fiber opening, it is necessary to partially decompose and remove fat, and part of non-structural proteins such as albumin, globulin and glycoprotein. Decomposition and removal, and then the decomposition of structural proteins such as collagen, elastin, keratin, etc., can achieve the ideal results of animal skin hair removal and leather fiber opening, but the traditional process still uses lime and sulfide (sodium sulfide And sodium hydrosulfide) as the main raw material for the decomposition of protein and open leather fiber, the enzyme is still used as an auxiliary. The traditional organic amine and organic sulfur hair removal method is difficult to reduce COD and solid waste.
因此,亟需一種既可降低製程中廢水的汙染程度、又可有效維持皮革纖維品質的動物皮脫毛之方法。Therefore, there is a need for a method for depilating animal skin which can reduce the degree of pollution of wastewater in the process and effectively maintain the quality of leather fibers.
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種動物皮脫毛之方法,以將動物皮進行脫毛,本發明的動物皮脫毛之方法,包括以下步驟,其中動物皮以外之材料的使用量,皆以所使用之動物皮的重量百分比(wt%)來計算:The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for depilating animal skin to depilate animal skin. The method for depilating animal skin of the present invention comprises the following steps, wherein the materials other than animal skin are used in the same amount. The weight percentage (wt%) of the skin is calculated:
(a)將動物皮加入轉鼓或划槽中後,加入水100~300 wt%及脫脂劑0.1~0.5 wt%,調整溫度至20~30℃,轉動20~100分鐘,將水倒出。(a) After adding the animal skin to the drum or grooving, add 100~300 wt% of water and 0.1~0.5 wt% of degreasing agent, adjust the temperature to 20~30 °C, rotate for 20~100 minutes, and pour out the water.
(b)加入水100~300 wt%、提鹼劑0.1~2 wt%、回濕劑0.1~0.5 wt%、脫脂劑0.1~0.5 wt%、第一複合蛋白酶0.1~1 wt%及脂肪酶0.1~1 wt%,調整溫度至20~30度、pH至8~11,轉動60~200分鐘。(b) Adding water 100~300 wt%, extracting agent 0.1~2 wt%, rewetting agent 0.1~0.5 wt%, degreasing agent 0.1~0.5 wt%, first complex protease 0.1~1 wt% and lipase 0.1 ~1 wt%, adjust the temperature to 20~30 degrees, pH to 8~11, rotate for 60~200 minutes.
(c)加入殺菌劑0.05~0.3 wt%,轉動10~30分鐘。(c) Add bactericide 0.05~0.3 wt% and rotate for 10~30 minutes.
(d)間歇式轉動5~24小時,將水倒出。(d) Turn the water out intermittently for 5 to 24 hours.
(e)加入水30~300 wt%,加入非硫化脫毛劑0.1~3 wt%、脫脂劑0.1~0.5 wt%、第二複合蛋白酶0.1~1 wt%及脂肪酶0.1~1 wt%,調整溫度至20~30℃,轉動5~20分鐘。(e) adding 30~300 wt% of water, adding 0.1~3 wt% of non-sulfiding depilatory agent, 0.1~0.5 wt% of degreaser, 0.1~1 wt% of second complex protease and 0.1~1 wt% of lipase, adjusting temperature Turn to 5~20°C for 5~20 minutes.
(f)使用間歇式轉動,於轉動時分2~4次加入氫氧化鈉共0.2~2 wt%,調整pH至9~13,轉動60~100分鐘。(f) Using intermittent rotation, add 0.2~2 wt% of sodium hydroxide in 2~4 times during rotation, adjust the pH to 9~13, and rotate for 60~100 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉0.3~1.8 wt%,轉動30~60分鐘,停止30~60分鐘。(g) Add 0.3 to 1.8 wt% of sodium sulfide, rotate for 30 to 60 minutes, and stop for 30 to 60 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,於轉動時分2~5次加入氫氧化鈉共0.5~3 wt%。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding 0.5 to 3 wt% of sodium hydroxide in 2 to 5 times during rotation.
(i)加水30~150 wt%,間歇式轉動5~24小時,將水倒出。(i) Add 30~150 wt% of water and intermittently rotate for 5~24 hours to pour out the water.
該回濕劑係乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、尿素、巰基化合物以及脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的至少其中之一。The rewetting agent is at least one of ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, urea, mercapto compound, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
第一複合蛋白酶及第二複合蛋白酶係分別來自於動物、植物、微生物之複合蛋白酶的至少其中之一,而第一複合蛋白酶及第二複合蛋白酶係彼此相同或彼此不同。The first composite protease and the second composite protease are respectively derived from at least one of a composite protease of an animal, a plant, and a microorganism, and the first composite protease and the second composite protease are identical to each other or different from each other.
該脂肪酶係來自於動物、植物、微生物之脂肪酶的至少其中之一。The lipase is derived from at least one of an animal, a plant, or a microbial lipase.
非硫化脫毛劑係一含巰基化合物脫毛劑,係一巰基化合物以及選自乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、尿素及脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚之至少其中之一的組合。The non-vulcanized depilatory agent is a mercapto group-containing compound depilatory agent which is a combination of a mercapto compound and at least one selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, urea, and a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
以上所述之步驟(a)至步驟(i),其中在步驟(h)中,於轉動的同時進行循環濾毛或不進行循環濾毛。In the above steps (a) to (i), in the step (h), the circulating filter is performed while the rotation is being performed or the circulating filter is not performed.
本發明所述的動物皮脫毛之方法,適用的動物皮包括生皮或鹽漬皮。The method for depilating animal skin according to the present invention, the applicable animal skin includes raw hide or salted skin.
因此,本發明的動物皮脫毛之方法,不使用石灰並且僅使用少量硫化鹼,大幅降低了傳統製程使用大量石灰及硫化鹼所造成的環境汙染。Therefore, the method for depilating the animal skin of the present invention does not use lime and uses only a small amount of alkali sulfide, which greatly reduces the environmental pollution caused by the use of a large amount of lime and alkali sulfide in the conventional process.
以下對本發明之實施方式做更詳細的說明,俾使熟習該項技藝者在研讀本說明書後能據以實施。The embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below, and can be implemented by those skilled in the art after studying this specification.
本發明係揭露一種動物皮脫毛之方法,以將動物皮進行脫毛,本發明的動物皮脫毛之方法,包括以下步驟,其中動物皮以外之材料的使用量,皆以所使用之動物皮的重量百分比(wt%)來計算:The invention discloses a method for depilating animal skin to depilate the animal skin, and the method for depilating the animal skin of the invention comprises the following steps, wherein the materials other than the animal skin are used in the weight of the animal skin used. Percentage (wt%) to calculate:
(a)將動物皮加入轉鼓或划槽中後,加入水100~300 wt%及脫脂劑0.1~0.5 wt%,調整溫度至20~30℃,轉動20~100分鐘,將水倒出。(a) After adding the animal skin to the drum or grooving, add 100~300 wt% of water and 0.1~0.5 wt% of degreasing agent, adjust the temperature to 20~30 °C, rotate for 20~100 minutes, and pour out the water.
(b)加入水100~300 wt%、提鹼劑0.1~2 wt%、回濕劑0.1~0.5 wt%、脫脂劑0.1~0.5 wt%、第一複合蛋白酶0.1~1 wt%及脂肪酶0.1~1 wt%,調整溫度至20~30度、pH至8~11,轉動60~200分鐘。(b) Adding water 100~300 wt%, extracting agent 0.1~2 wt%, rewetting agent 0.1~0.5 wt%, degreasing agent 0.1~0.5 wt%, first complex protease 0.1~1 wt% and lipase 0.1 ~1 wt%, adjust the temperature to 20~30 degrees, pH to 8~11, rotate for 60~200 minutes.
(c)加入殺菌劑0.05~0.3 wt%,轉動10~30分鐘。(c) Add bactericide 0.05~0.3 wt% and rotate for 10~30 minutes.
(d)間歇式轉動5~24小時,將水倒出。(d) Turn the water out intermittently for 5 to 24 hours.
(e)加入水30~300 wt%,加入非硫化脫毛劑0.1~3 wt%、脫脂劑0.1~0.5 wt%、第二複合蛋白酶0.1~1 wt%及脂肪酶0.1~1 wt%,調整溫度至20~30℃,轉動5~20分鐘。(e) adding 30~300 wt% of water, adding 0.1~3 wt% of non-sulfiding depilatory agent, 0.1~0.5 wt% of degreaser, 0.1~1 wt% of second complex protease and 0.1~1 wt% of lipase, adjusting temperature Turn to 5~20°C for 5~20 minutes.
(f)使用間歇式轉動,於轉動時分2~4次加入氫氧化鈉共0.2~2 wt%,調整pH至9~13,轉動60~100分鐘。(f) Using intermittent rotation, add 0.2~2 wt% of sodium hydroxide in 2~4 times during rotation, adjust the pH to 9~13, and rotate for 60~100 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉0.3~1.8 wt%,轉動30~60分鐘,停止30~60分鐘。(g) Add 0.3 to 1.8 wt% of sodium sulfide, rotate for 30 to 60 minutes, and stop for 30 to 60 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,於轉動時分2~5次加入氫氧化鈉共0.5~3 wt%。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding 0.5 to 3 wt% of sodium hydroxide in 2 to 5 times during rotation.
(i)加水30~150 wt%,間歇式轉動5~24小時,將水倒出。(i) Add 30~150 wt% of water and intermittently rotate for 5~24 hours to pour out the water.
以上所述之步驟(a)至步驟(d),使用了回濕劑、第一複合蛋白酶及脂肪酶進行浸水的程序,而步驟(e)至步驟(i)則在不使用石灰的情況下,於鹼性環境中使用了非硫化脫毛劑、脫脂劑、第二複合蛋白酶、少量硫化鹼及氫氧化鈉膨脹劑進行脫毛,而之後的製革程序由脫灰步驟開始,依照正常流程製作,可於脫灰步驟減少銨鹽使用量15-50%,或可減少脫灰劑使用量10-30%,如此低硫、無石灰的動物皮脫毛之方法,能夠達到降低環境汙染的目的。In the above steps (a) to (d), the procedure of water immersion using the rewetting agent, the first composite protease and the lipase is used, and the steps (e) to (i) are carried out without using lime. In the alkaline environment, a non-sulfiding depilatory agent, a degreasing agent, a second composite protease, a small amount of alkali sulfide and a sodium hydroxide expansion agent are used for depilation, and the subsequent tanning process is started by a deliming step, and is prepared according to a normal process. In the deliming step, the amount of ammonium salt used is reduced by 15-50%, or the amount of the deashing agent can be reduced by 10-30%, so that the method of depilating the animal skin with low sulfur and no lime can achieve the purpose of reducing environmental pollution.
該回濕劑係乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、尿素、巰基化合物以及脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的至少其中之一。The rewetting agent is at least one of ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, urea, mercapto compound, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
第一複合蛋白酶及第二複合蛋白酶係分別來自於動物、植物、微生物之複合蛋白酶的至少其中之一,而第一複合蛋白酶及第二複合蛋白酶係彼此相同或彼此不同。The first composite protease and the second composite protease are respectively derived from at least one of a composite protease of an animal, a plant, and a microorganism, and the first composite protease and the second composite protease are identical to each other or different from each other.
該脂肪酶係來自於動物、植物、微生物之脂肪酶的至少其中之一。The lipase is derived from at least one of an animal, a plant, or a microbial lipase.
非硫化脫毛劑係一含巰基化合物脫毛劑,係一巰基化合物以及選自乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、尿素及脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚之至少其中之一的組合。The non-vulcanized depilatory agent is a mercapto group-containing compound depilatory agent which is a combination of a mercapto compound and at least one selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, urea, and a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
以上所述之步驟(a)至步驟(i),其中在步驟(h)中,於轉動的同時進行循環濾毛或不進行循環濾毛。In the above steps (a) to (i), in the step (h), the circulating filter is performed while the rotation is being performed or the circulating filter is not performed.
本發明所述的動物皮脫毛之方法,適用的動物皮包括生皮或鹽漬皮。The method for depilating animal skin according to the present invention, the applicable animal skin includes raw hide or salted skin.
關於以上所述的動物皮脫毛之方法各步驟,下面列舉數個實例,以說明本發明的實際應用方式。Regarding the steps of the method for depilating animal skin as described above, several examples are given below to illustrate the practical application of the present invention.
(a)美國牛皮100kg,入鼓,預浸水(加水150kg及脫脂劑0.2kg,調溫至24℃,轉動60分鐘),倒水。(a) US cowhide 100kg, into the drum, pre-soaked water (150kg of water and 0.2kg of degreaser, adjusted to 24 ° C, rotated for 60 minutes), poured water.
(b)加水150kg,加入INVIGAL NS(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、INVIGAL DG(鹼性脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.1kg、碳酸鈉0.4kg、回溼劑0.15kg及脫脂劑0.2kg,調溫至24℃,轉動120分鐘。(b) 150 kg of water, 0.2 kg of INVIGAL NS (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.1 kg of INVIGAL DG (alkaline lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.4 kg of sodium carbonate, and rewet 0.15 kg of agent and 0.2 kg of degreaser, adjusted to 24 ° C, and rotated for 120 minutes.
(c)加入殺菌劑0.1kg,轉動15分鐘。(c) Add 0.1 kg of fungicide and rotate for 15 minutes.
(d)調整為間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約16小時,倒水。(d) Adjust to intermittent rotation, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 16 hours, pour water.
(e)加水80kg,加入SIRO NL1(非硫化脫毛劑,約泰實業股份有限公司)1.0kg、脫脂劑0.2kg、SIRO NL(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.75kg及INVIGAL DG(脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg,調溫到25℃,轉動10分鐘。(e) Add 80 kg of water, add 1.0 kg of SIRO NL1 (non-vulcanized depilatory agent, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), degreaser 0.2 kg, SIRO NL (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.75 kg and INVIGAL DG (lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.2kg, adjusted to 25 ° C, and rotated for 10 minutes.
(f)分4次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共1.2kg,每次加入氫氧化鈉後轉動15分鐘,停止10分鐘。(f) Add sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 1.2 kg, and rotate for 15 minutes after each addition of sodium hydroxide, and stop for 10 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉1.2kg,轉動30分鐘,停止30分鐘。(g) Add 1.2 kg of sodium sulfide, rotate for 30 minutes, and stop for 30 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,分3次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共0.9kg,並於轉動時加入。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 0.9 kg, and adding when rotating.
(i)加水30kg,間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約18小時,倒水。(i) Add 30 kg of water, intermittently rotate, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 18 hours, pour water.
(a)澳洲牛皮100kg,入鼓,預浸水(加水150kg及脫脂劑0.3kg,調溫至24℃,轉動60分鐘),倒水。(a) Australian cowhide 100kg, into the drum, pre-soaked water (150kg of water and degreaser 0.3kg, adjusted to 24 ° C, rotated for 60 minutes), poured water.
(b)加水160kg,加入INVIGAL NS(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、INVIGAL DG(鹼性脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、碳酸鈉0.6kg、回溼劑0.15kg及脫脂劑0.3kg,調溫至24℃,轉動120分鐘(b) 160 kg of water, 0.2 kg of INVIGAL NS (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.2 kg of INVIGAL DG (alkaline lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.6 kg of sodium carbonate, and rewet 0.15kg of agent and 0.3kg of degreaser, adjust the temperature to 24 ° C, rotate for 120 minutes
(c)加入殺菌劑0.15kg,轉動15分鐘。(c) Add 0.15 kg of fungicide and rotate for 15 minutes.
(d)調整為間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約18小時,倒水。(d) Adjust to intermittent rotation, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 18 hours, pour water.
(e)加水80kg,加入SIRO NL1(非硫化脫毛劑,約泰實業股份有限公司)1.0kg、脫脂劑0.2kg、SIRO NL(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.85kg及INVIGAL DG(脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg,調溫到25℃,轉動10分鐘。(e) Add 80 kg of water, add 1.0 kg of SIRO NL1 (non-vulcanized depilatory agent, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), degreaser 0.2 kg, SIRO NL (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.85 kg and INVIGAL DG (Lactase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.3kg, adjusted to 25 ° C, and rotated for 10 minutes.
(f)分4次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共1.2kg,每次加入氫氧化鈉後轉動15分鐘,停止10分鐘。(f) Add sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 1.2 kg, and rotate for 15 minutes after each addition of sodium hydroxide, and stop for 10 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉1.2kg,轉動30分鐘,停止30分鐘。(g) Add 1.2 kg of sodium sulfide, rotate for 30 minutes, and stop for 30 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,分3次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共0.9kg,並於轉動時加入。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 0.9 kg, and adding when rotating.
(i)加水50kg,間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約22小時,倒水。(i) Add 50 kg of water, intermittently rotate, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 22 hours, pour water.
(a)日本豬皮100kg,入鼓,預浸水(加水150kg及脫脂劑0.3kg,調溫至24℃,轉動80分鐘),倒水。(a) Japanese pig skin 100kg, into the drum, pre-soaked water (150kg of water and degreaser 0.3kg, adjusted to 24 ° C, rotated for 80 minutes), poured water.
(b)加水200kg,加入INVIGAL NS(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg、INVIGAL DG(鹼性脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、碳酸鈉1.0kg、回溼劑0.2kg及脫脂劑0.4kg,調溫至25℃,轉動160分鐘。(b) Add 200kg of water, add INVIGAL NS (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.3kg, INVIGAL DG (alkaline lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.2kg, sodium carbonate 1.0kg, rewet 0.2 kg of the agent and 0.4 kg of the degreaser were adjusted to 25 ° C and rotated for 160 minutes.
(c)加入殺菌劑0.2kg,轉動15分鐘。(c) Add 0.2 kg of fungicide and rotate for 15 minutes.
(d)調整為間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約18小時,倒水。(d) Adjust to intermittent rotation, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 18 hours, pour water.
(e)加水80kg,加入SIRO NL1(非硫化脫毛劑,約泰實業股份有限公司)1.0kg、脫脂劑0.3kg、SIRO NL(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.85kg及INVIGAL DG(脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg,調溫到25℃,轉動10分鐘。(e) Add 80 kg of water, add 1.0 kg of SIRO NL1 (non-vulcanized depilatory agent, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), degreaser 0.3 kg, SIRO NL (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.85 kg and INVIGAL DG (Lactase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.3kg, adjusted to 25 ° C, and rotated for 10 minutes.
(f)分4次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共1.2kg,每次加入氫氧化鈉後轉動15分鐘,停止10分鐘。(f) Add sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 1.2 kg, and rotate for 15 minutes after each addition of sodium hydroxide, and stop for 10 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉1.6kg,轉動30分鐘,停止30分鐘。(g) 1.6 kg of sodium sulfide was added, rotated for 30 minutes, and stopped for 30 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,分4次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共1.2kg,並於轉動時加入。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 1.2 kg, and adding when rotating.
(i)加水50kg,間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約22小時,倒水。(i) Add 50 kg of water, intermittently rotate, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 22 hours, pour water.
(a)日本豬皮100kg,入鼓,預浸水(加水150kg及脫脂劑0.3kg,調溫至24℃,轉動80分鐘),倒水。(a) Japanese pig skin 100kg, into the drum, pre-soaked water (150kg of water and degreaser 0.3kg, adjusted to 24 ° C, rotated for 80 minutes), poured water.
(b)加水200kg,加入INVIGAL NS(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg、INVIGAL DG(鹼性脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、碳酸鈉1.0kg、回溼劑0.2kg及脫脂劑0.4kg,調溫至25℃,轉動180分鐘。(b) Add 200kg of water, add INVIGAL NS (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.3kg, INVIGAL DG (alkaline lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.2kg, sodium carbonate 1.0kg, rewet 0.2 kg of the agent and 0.4 kg of the degreaser were adjusted to 25 ° C and rotated for 180 minutes.
(c)加入殺菌劑0.2kg,轉動15分鐘。(c) Add 0.2 kg of fungicide and rotate for 15 minutes.
(d)調整為間歇式轉動,每小時轉5分鐘,約20小時,倒水。(d) Adjust to intermittent rotation, turn 5 minutes per hour, about 20 hours, pour water.
(e)加水80kg,加入SIRO NL1(非硫化脫毛劑,約泰實業股份有限公司)1.0kg、脫脂劑0.3kg、SIRO NL(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.85kg及INVIGAL DG(脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg,調溫到25℃,轉動10分鐘。(e) Add 80 kg of water, add 1.0 kg of SIRO NL1 (non-vulcanized depilatory agent, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), degreaser 0.3 kg, SIRO NL (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.85 kg and INVIGAL DG (Lactase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.3kg, adjusted to 25 ° C, and rotated for 10 minutes.
(f)分4次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共1.2kg,每次加入氫氧化鈉後轉動15分鐘,停止10分鐘。(f) Add sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 1.2 kg, and rotate for 15 minutes after each addition of sodium hydroxide, and stop for 10 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉1.6kg,轉動30分鐘,停止30分鐘。(g) 1.6 kg of sodium sulfide was added, rotated for 30 minutes, and stopped for 30 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,分4次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共1.2kg,並於轉動時加入。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 1.2 kg, and adding when rotating.
(i)加水50kg,間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約22小時,倒水。(i) Add 50 kg of water, intermittently rotate, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 22 hours, pour water.
(a)山羊皮100kg,入鼓,預浸水(加水110kg及脫脂劑0.3kg,調溫至24℃,轉動80分鐘),倒水。(a) 100kg goat skin, into the drum, pre-soaked water (110kg of water and 0.3kg of degreaser, adjusted to 24 ° C, rotated for 80 minutes), poured into water.
(b)加水200kg,加入INVIGAL NS(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg、INVIGAL DG(鹼性脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、碳酸鈉0.8kg、回溼劑0.2kg及脫脂劑0.4kg,調溫至25℃,轉動120分鐘。(b) 200 kg of water, 0.3 kg of INVIGAL NS (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.2 kg of INVIGAL DG (alkaline lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.8 kg of sodium carbonate, and rewet 0.2 kg of the agent and 0.4 kg of the degreaser were adjusted to 25 ° C and rotated for 120 minutes.
(c)加入殺菌劑0.15kg,轉動15分鐘。(c) Add 0.15 kg of fungicide and rotate for 15 minutes.
(d)調整為間歇式轉動,每小時轉5分鐘,約16小時,倒水。(d) Adjust to intermittent rotation, turn 5 minutes per hour, about 16 hours, pour water.
(e)加水80kg,加入SIRO NL1(非硫化脫毛劑,約泰實業股份有限公司)1.0kg、脫脂劑0.3kg、SIRO NL(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.85kg及INVIGAL DG(脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg,調溫到25℃,轉動10分鐘。(e) Add 80 kg of water, add 1.0 kg of SIRO NL1 (non-vulcanized depilatory agent, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), degreaser 0.3 kg, SIRO NL (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.85 kg and INVIGAL DG (Lactase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.3kg, adjusted to 25 ° C, and rotated for 10 minutes.
(f)分3次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共0.9kg,每次加入氫氧化鈉後轉動15分鐘,停止10分鐘。(f) Add sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 0.9 kg, and rotate for 15 minutes after each addition of sodium hydroxide, and stop for 10 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉1.6kg,轉動30分鐘,停止30分鐘。(g) 1.6 kg of sodium sulfide was added, rotated for 30 minutes, and stopped for 30 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,分4次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共1.2kg,並於轉動時加入。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 1.2 kg, and adding when rotating.
(i)加水50kg,間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約22小時,倒水。(i) Add 50 kg of water, intermittently rotate, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 22 hours, pour water.
(a)綿羊皮100kg,入鼓,預浸水(加水110kg及脫脂劑0.3kg,調溫至24℃,轉動80分鐘),倒水。(a) 100 kg of sheep skin, into the drum, pre-soaked water (110 kg of water and 0.3 kg of degreaser, adjusted to 24 ° C, rotated for 80 minutes), poured water.
(b)加水200kg,加入INVIGAL NS(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、INVIGAL DG(鹼性脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.2kg、碳酸鈉0.8kg、回溼劑0.2kg及脫脂劑0.4kg,調溫至25℃,轉動120分鐘。(b) 200 kg of water, 0.2 kg of INVIGAL NS (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.2 kg of INVIGAL DG (alkaline lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.), 0.8 kg of sodium carbonate, and rewet 0.2 kg of the agent and 0.4 kg of the degreaser were adjusted to 25 ° C and rotated for 120 minutes.
(c)加入殺菌劑0.15kg,轉動15分鐘。(c) Add 0.15 kg of fungicide and rotate for 15 minutes.
(d)調整為間歇式轉動,每小時轉5分鐘,約16小時,倒水。(d) Adjust to intermittent rotation, turn 5 minutes per hour, about 16 hours, pour water.
(e)出鼓,塗鹼脫毛,入鼓,加水150kg,加入SIRO NL1(非硫化脫毛劑,約泰實業股份有限公司)1.0kg、脫脂劑0.3kg、SIRO NL(鹼性複合蛋白酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.6kg及INVIGAL DG(脂肪酶,約泰實業股份有限公司)0.3kg,調溫到25℃,轉動10分鐘。(e) Drumming, alkali stripping, drumming, adding 150kg of water, adding SIRO NL1 (non-vulcanized depilatory agent, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 1.0kg, degreaser 0.3kg, SIRO NL (alkaline complex protease, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.6kg and INVIGAL DG (lipase, Yotai Industrial Co., Ltd.) 0.3kg, adjusted to 25 ° C, rotated for 10 minutes.
(f)分3次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共0.9kg,每次加入氫氧化鈉後轉動15分鐘,停止10分鐘。(f) Add sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 0.9 kg, and rotate for 15 minutes after each addition of sodium hydroxide, and stop for 10 minutes.
(g)加入硫化鈉1.6kg,轉動30分鐘,停止30分鐘。(g) 1.6 kg of sodium sulfide was added, rotated for 30 minutes, and stopped for 30 minutes.
(h)使用間歇式轉動,每小時轉動10分鐘,分3次加入氫氧化鈉,每次0.3kg,共0.9kg,並於轉動時加入。(h) Using intermittent rotation, rotating for 10 minutes per hour, adding sodium hydroxide in three portions, 0.3 kg each time, a total of 0.9 kg, and adding when rotating.
(i)加水50kg,間歇式轉動,每小時轉動5分鐘,約22小時,倒水。(i) Add 50 kg of water, intermittently rotate, rotate for 5 minutes per hour, about 22 hours, pour water.
因此,本發明的動物皮脫毛之方法,其主要特點在於,在製革製程的前段程序中,不使用石灰並且僅使用少量硫化鹼,完成動物皮的脫毛及皮革纖維開放的步驟,因而相較於傳統的脫毛製程,本發明大幅降低了傳統製程使用大量石灰及硫化鹼所造成的環境汙染,廢水中的COD及懸浮固體大幅減少。Therefore, the method for depilating animal skin of the present invention is characterized in that, in the anterior procedure of the tanning process, no lime is used and only a small amount of alkali sulfide is used to complete the steps of depilation of the animal skin and opening of the leather fiber, thereby comparing The traditional hair removal process, the invention greatly reduces the environmental pollution caused by the use of a large amount of lime and alkali sulfide in the conventional process, and the COD and suspended solids in the wastewater are greatly reduced.
本發明的另一特點在於,本發明使用結合化學及生物技術的方法,適用於各種皮革種類、各種皮革用途的脫毛及皮革纖維開放步驟,並且本發明所使用的方法,可使皮革柔軟度增加,得革率提升,因而可在接下來的鉻鞣製程中,降低鉻的使用量,從而降低鉻鞣廢水中的鉻離子汙染量。Another feature of the present invention is that the present invention uses a combination of chemical and biotechnological methods, is suitable for various leather types, various hair removal and leather fiber opening steps, and the method used in the present invention can increase the softness of the leather. The rate of leather removal is increased, so that the amount of chromium used in the chrome tanning wastewater can be reduced in the next chrome tanning process.
以上所述者僅為用以解釋本發明之較佳實施例,並非企圖據以對本發明做任何形式上之限制,是以,凡有在相同之發明精神下所作有關本發明之任何修飾或變更,皆仍應包括在本發明意圖保護之範疇。The above is only a preferred embodiment for explaining the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any modifications or alterations to the present invention made in the spirit of the same invention. All should still be included in the scope of the intention of the present invention.
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