CN105603133B - A kind of raw material skin depilating method - Google Patents
A kind of raw material skin depilating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105603133B CN105603133B CN201510979956.5A CN201510979956A CN105603133B CN 105603133 B CN105603133 B CN 105603133B CN 201510979956 A CN201510979956 A CN 201510979956A CN 105603133 B CN105603133 B CN 105603133B
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- depilation
- skin
- hair
- raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/06—Facilitating unhairing, e.g. by painting, by liming
- C14C1/065—Enzymatic unhairing
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of raw material skin depilating methods, include the following steps, first under the action of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is carried out immersion depilation, and depilation semi-finished product are obtained after taking-up；Then the depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen obtained in above-mentioned steps inhibits protection liquid, places pusher hair, the raw material skin after being lost hair or feathers；The albumen inhibits protection liquid as prolease activity inhibitor and the mixed liquor of Animal Skin protein protective agent.The present invention is lost hair or feathers using animal fur complex enzyme; more effectively destroy the contact of hair follicle and papilla to hair root; it can reach and faster more preferably loosen hair root effect; advantageously reduce loose side and grain damage; and after loosening occurs in fiber porous spot hair root; the defects of applying or spray the mixing liquid of prolease activity inhibitor and Animal Skin protein protective agent, avoid protease overaction, further avoiding loose side and grain loss.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to leather processing technical field more particularly to a kind of raw material skin depilating methods.
Background technology
The processing of leather has had the history of thousands of years, and by developing for a long time, process hides is from original originally simple
Manual operations, develop into an important industrial technical field.Leather handles and refers to and will be easy to the rawhide to addle, i.e.,
Raw material skin, after physics, the chemical process such as depilation and tanning, rawhide reforms into leather that is soft and not addling.By raw material skin to
Finished leather is made, needs by tens manufacturing procedures, such as immersion, fleshing, degreasing, depilation, caustic dip, deliming, softening, leaching
Acid, tanning, retanning, neutralization, dyeing, oiling, drying, arrangement etc..In numerous steps of leather processing, the depilation of raw material skin is
Leather handle an initial stage very important link, leather production in depilation refer to, remove raw material skin on hair and epidermis and
Interfibrillar substance between collagenous fibres, the process that collagenous fibres is made moderately to detach.
Common depilating method mainly has alkaline process, enzyme process, oxidative unhairing and a several classes of dimethylamine unhairing, but oxidative unhairing method and
Dimethylamine unhairing method is both needed to strict safeguard procedures, and damages the health of operator, therefore produces upper seldom use.Alkaline process loses hair or feathers
The grey method of packet, salt and alkali method and alkali alkaline process etc. are broadly divided into, is to make the hard keratin of hair on rawhide and epidermis in lye with vulcanized sodium
Middle hydrolysis destroys cystine linkage, weakens hair and epidermis depends on corium, achieve the purpose that depilation, while interfibrillar substance is also by portion
Divide and remove, detached collagenous fibres.And at present, the depilation technology of mainstream is the grey epilation of packet in industry, specific practice be by
Industrial sodium sulfide is dissolved in water and lime is added to be tuned into paste, apply or be sprayed on restore to fresh hide state through drip or water squeezing after sheepskin flesh noodles
On, banking up to sulfide infiltration loosens hair root, carries out pushing away hair operation, achievees the purpose that depilation and recycling hair.But due to sulphur
Near compound effect hair root, lead to dissolved destruction, it is impossible to completely recycle hair, and in waste liquid containing harmful sulfide to environment
It is seriously polluted.
Another depilating method is enzyme unhairing, is that single protease long duration of action is passed through life in Animal Skin
Object chemical action sloughs hair and epidermis on rawhide, clears up rawhide perifollicolar and epidermis and the base of corium connection using protease
Plinth substance, destroys the structure of soft keratin, destroys contacting for hair bag and hair shaft, loosens hair root, weaken hair and epidermis to corium
It is close depend on, make hair and excoriation under mechanical action, achieve the purpose that depilation.Not Containing Sulfur in the waste liquid of enzyme unhairing
Object is conducive to environmental protection.But also along with the effect of enzyme bating during enzymatic depilation, thus operation difficulty is big, either singly
The defects of one protease or compound protease can all cause skin grain overaction and lead to the damage of finished leather loose side, grain,
It is only lost hair or feathers using complex enzyme, loss of the single protease to collagen can be weakened, but long duration of action still can be right
Skin grain overaction, relatively single protease, degree of injury can be a little bit smaller.
Thus, a kind of more suitable raw material skin depilating method how is obtained, the injury to surface can be reduced, is not easy to make
The defects of finished leather loose side and grain damage is always institute of leather manufacturer urgent problem to be solved in the industry.
Invention content
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of raw material skin depilating method, and the present invention provides
Depilating method, the injury to surface can be reduced, do not easily cause leather loose side and the defects of grain damages, it is and simple for process,
Hair removal effect is good.
The invention discloses a kind of raw material skin depilating methods, which is characterized in that includes the following steps：
A) under the action of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is subjected to immersion depilation, is lost hair or feathers after taking-up
Semi-finished product；
B) the depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen obtained in above-mentioned steps inhibits protection liquid, places pusher hair, is taken off
Raw material skin after hair；
The albumen inhibits the mixed liquor that protection liquid is prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water.
Preferably, the prolease activity inhibitor includes sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate, ten
It is one or more in sodium dialkyl sulfate, pull open powder and biological enzyme inhibitor.
Preferably, the Animal Skin protein protective agent include aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate in one kind or
It is a variety of.
Preferably, the prolease activity inhibitor and water constitutive protein enzyme activity inhibit liquid, the prolease activity suppression
It is 10%~30% that preparation, which accounts for the prolease activity to inhibit the mass ratio of liquid,；
The Animal Skin protein protective agent and water composition Animal Skin protein protection liquid, the Animal Skin protein protective agent account for institute
The mass ratio for stating Animal Skin protein protection liquid is 5%~20%.
Preferably, the component composition of the complex enzyme depilatory includes,
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is one or more in enzyme penetration-assisting agent, pH adjusting agent and diluent.
Preferably, the time for immersing depilation is 5~8 hours；The time of the placement is 8~12 hours.
Preferably, the depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen inhibits protection liquid specifically, in the depilation semi-finished product table
Fiber porous spot and skin damage location the spraying albumen in face inhibit protection liquid；
The raw material epidermis face includes fiber porous spot and skin damage location.
Preferably, the fiber porous spot includes side abdomen and/or buttocks.
Preferably, the albumen inhibits the quantity for spray of protection liquid to hinder journey according to raw material skin surface fiber porousness or skin lesion
Degree is adjusted.
The invention discloses a kind of raw material skin depilating methods, which is characterized in that includes the following steps, is taken off first in complex enzyme
Under the action of hair agent, the raw material skin after immersion is subjected to immersion depilation, depilation semi-finished product are obtained after taking-up；Then in above-mentioned steps
Obtained depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen inhibits protection liquid, places pusher hair, the raw material skin after being lost hair or feathers；The albumen
Inhibit protection liquid as prolease activity inhibitor and the mixed liquor of Animal Skin protein protective agent.Compared with prior art, it is of the invention
It is lost hair or feathers using animal fur complex enzyme, compared to single protease depilation, more effectively destroys the contact of hair follicle and papilla to hair root,
It can reach and faster more preferably loosen hair root effect, advantageously reduce loose side and grain damage, and treat fiber porous spot hair
Root occurs after loosening, and applies or sprays the mixing liquid of prolease activity inhibitor and Animal Skin protein protective agent, protease is avoided to make
With excessive, loose side is further avoided and the defects of grain loses.The present invention is simple and easy to get using material, and technological process is not required to
Change too much, easily received by leather-making enterprises, while without using sulfide, fundamentally completely eliminating the dirt of sulfide
Dye, and hair is not damaged, the effective value of hair, the economic benefit and social benefit of enterprise greatly improved.Experimental result table
Bright, depilating method of the invention can effectively reduce the injury to surface, not easily cause the defects of removing from office loose side and grain damage.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fibre structure schematic overview of sheepskin；
Fig. 2 is the outside drawing of sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the outside drawing of sheepskin leather prepared by conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology.
Specific embodiment
In order to further appreciate that the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the invention are described with reference to embodiment, but
It is it should be appreciated that these descriptions are only for the feature and advantage that further illustrate the present invention rather than to patent requirements of the present invention
Limitation.
All raw materials of the present invention, are not particularly limited its source, buying on the market or according to people in the art
Known to member prepared by conventional method.
All raw materials of the present invention, are not particularly limited its purity, pure present invention preferably employs analyzing.
The percentage of agents useful for same of the present invention is such as the mass ratio of reagent dosage and raw material skin without especially indicating.
The invention discloses a kind of raw material skin depilating methods, which is characterized in that includes the following steps：
A) under the action of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is subjected to immersion depilation, is lost hair or feathers after taking-up
Semi-finished product；
B) the depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen obtained in above-mentioned steps inhibits protection liquid, places pusher hair, is taken off
Raw material skin after hair；
The albumen inhibits protection liquid as prolease activity inhibitor and the mixed liquor of Animal Skin protein protective agent.
Raw material skin after immersion is carried out immersion depilation, after taking-up by the present invention first under the action of complex enzyme depilatory
Obtain depilation semi-finished product.The complex enzyme depilatory is not particularly limited in the present invention, is answered with familiar to the person skilled in the art
Synthase depilatory agent, for the present invention to improve hair removal effect, the complex enzyme depilatory is preferably animal fur complex enzyme depilatory,
It is more preferably made of following components, the neutral proteinase or alkali protease of 5~20 parts by weight, the elastic egg of 0~10 parts by weight
White enzyme, the lipase of 0.5~15 parts by weight, the auxiliary agent of 0~155 parts by weight；The auxiliary agent is preferably enzyme penetration-assisting agent, pH adjusting agent
With one or more in diluent, more preferably enzyme penetration-assisting agent, pH adjusting agent and diluent.The neutral proteinase or alkalinity
Protease is more preferably 6~19 parts by weight, more preferably 8~17 parts by weight, most preferably 10~15 parts by weight；The elasticity egg
White enzyme is more preferably 1~9 parts by weight, more preferably 2~8 parts by weight, most preferably 4~6 parts by weight；The lipase is more preferable
For 1~13 parts by weight, more preferably 3~10 parts by weight, most preferably 5~8 parts by weight；The enzyme penetration-assisting agent is preferably 0~10
Parts by weight, more preferably 2~8 parts by weight, most preferably 4~6 parts by weight；The pH adjusting agent is preferably 0~50 parts by weight, more
Preferably 5~45 parts by weight, more preferably 10~40 parts by weight, most preferably 20~30 parts by weight；The diluent is preferably 0
~95 parts by weight, more preferably 5~90 parts by weight, more preferably 20~70 parts by weight, most preferably 40~50 parts by weight.
The neutral proteinase or alkali protease selection enzyme activity are preferably 1398 protease or enzyme of 50,000 units/g
The Novocor SG protease for Novozymes Company's production that vigor is 200,000 units/g or the Novi that enzyme activity is 250,000 units/g
The Pyrase 250MP protease of letter company production；The protease preferably comes from animal, plant or microorganism, and pH value
It is suitble to range preferably from 6.5~12, more preferably 7~11, most preferably 8~10；The lipase preferably comes from dynamic
Object, plant or microorganism, and pH value is suitble to range preferably from 6.5~12, more preferably 7~11, most preferably 8~10；It is preferred that
It is 6.5~12；The elastoser preferably comes from animal, plant or microorganism, and pH value is suitble to range preferably from 6.5
~12, more preferably 7~11, most preferably 8~10；Preferably 6.5~12；The zymoexciter is preferably calcium salt and silicate
At least one of, wherein calcium salt can be calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, calcium formate, calcium nitrate or calcium phosphate etc.；Silicate can be
Sodium metasilicate etc.；The enzyme penetration-assisting agent is preferably sulfonate surfactant, Sulfates surfactant and polyoxyethylene ether
At least one of class surfactant, sulfonate surfactant can be neopelex or succinic acid sulfonic acid
Salt etc., sulfate surfactant can be lauryl sodium sulfate or dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulphate etc., polyoxy second
Alkene ether surfactant can be JFC and/or peregal etc.；The pH adjusting agent is at least one of sour and ackd salt,
Or at least one of alkali and basic salt.Acid or ackd salt can be sodium formate, sodium acetate, ammonium sulfate, amine-oxides, biphosphate
Potassium (sodium) or boric acid etc., alkali or basic salt can be ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (sodium), tricresyl phosphate
Potassium (sodium), sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon, sodium metasilicate etc..The specific choice of pH adjusting agent is according to the model of the optimum pH of enzyme
It encloses to select.The diluent is preferably wood powder, starch, rice bran, kaolinite scholar, talcum powder, sodium oxide molybdena, the sulfuric acid of 50~500 mesh
At least one of sodium and cellulose.
The raw material skin is not particularly limited in the present invention, is used to manufacture leather material with well known to those skilled in the art
Skin, the present invention be preferably pigskin, sheepskin or ox-hide, more preferably the sheepskins such as pigskin, sheepskin or goat skin, cattle hide,
The ox-hides such as buffalo hide, milk ox-hide or yak skin, the most preferably sheepskins such as sheepskin or goat skin.The present invention is to the raw material skin
Source is not particularly limited, with the source of raw material skin well known to those skilled in the art, can select it is commercially available or oneself
It prepares, raw material skin of the present invention is preferably that the step of early period is handled is preferably first to pass through by the raw material skin of processing early period
Cross the preservatives preservative treatment such as salt；Using water-washing step, it is preferable to use the washing of 200%~400% clear water, except desalting
With the dirt of epidermis face attachment；Using pre- immersion step, 200%~600% water of addition preferably in rotary drum, 0.1%~
1.0% soda ash and 0.1%~1.0% FG-B surfactants are soaked in advance；The step of present invention is to the pre- immersion
It is not particularly limited, with pre- immersion step well known to those skilled in the art, the present invention is preferably rotary drum low speed rotation 5 minutes
Stop 55 minutes, recycle 5 times, after handling common 5h, stand 10h, then fleshing again, removing subcutaneous tissue；It is finally (main using immersion
Immersion) step, 200%~600% water, 0.1%~1.0% soda ash and 0.1%~1.0% are added in preferably in rotary drum
FG-B surfactants soak；The step of immersion is not particularly limited in the present invention, ripe with those skilled in the art
The main immersion step known, the present invention are preferably that rotary drum low speed rotation stops 55 minutes for 5 minutes, recycle 6 times, handle common 6h.More than
In initial processing steps, the percentage of agents useful for same is the mass ratio of reagent and raw material skin.
The present invention will pass through above-mentioned steps treated raw material skin under the action of complex enzyme depilatory, immerse de-
Hair obtains depilation semi-finished product after taking-up；The specific steps of the above process are not particularly limited in the present invention, those skilled in the art
It can be selected and be adjusted according to practical condition, product quality appearance requirement and raw material skin situation, the present invention preferably will
Complex enzyme depilatory is added in the bath foam in the rotary drum during above-mentioned main immersion, carries out immersion depilation, then will be former after draining
Material skin, which goes out to rouse to hang, to drip, and obtains depilation semi-finished product；The dosage of the complex enzyme depilatory is not particularly limited in the present invention, this
Field technology personnel can be selected and be adjusted according to practical condition, raw material skin situation and product quality appearance requirement,
The usage amount of complex enzyme depilatory of the present invention is preferably the 1%~5% of raw material tare weight amount, and more preferably 2%~4%, most
Preferably 3%；The immersion is preferably impregnated or not all immersion；The time for immersing depilation is preferably 5~8 hours, more
Preferably 5.5~7.5 hours, most preferably 6~7 hours；The tumbledrum process is preferably that low speed rotation stops 55 minutes for 5 minutes, and 6
It is secondary, totally 6 hours；Described to hang the time dripped be preferably 10~60 minutes, more preferably 20~50 minutes, most preferably 30~
40 minutes.
The present invention is compound by protease, lipase, elastoser, pH adjustments, zymoexciter and enzyme co-penetrant etc.
The synergistic effect of component can effectively destroy the contact of hair follicle and papilla to hair root, thus can reach more preferably depilation effect
Fruit.The hair for solving the disadvantage that conventional enzymatic depilation is not easy removing, easy damaged grain side of leather completely.Fundamentally completely eliminate sulphur
The pollution of compound, and hair is not damaged, reduce the pollutional load of leather-making waste water, improve the use value of hair, protect environment.
The depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen that the present invention then obtains above-mentioned steps inhibits protection liquid, places pusher
Hair, the raw material skin after being lost hair or feathers；It is preferably prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protection that the albumen, which inhibits protection liquid,
Agent and the mixed liquor of water；The prolease activity inhibitor includes sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate, ten
It is one or more in sodium dialkyl sulfate, pull open powder and biological enzyme inhibitor, more preferably sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride,
Potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, pull open powder and biological enzyme inhibitor, more preferably sodium chloride, sodium sulphate and sulfuric acid
Potassium, more preferably sodium sulphate, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, more preferably potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate and biological enzyme
Inhibitor；The Animal Skin protein protective agent be preferably it is one or more in aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate,
More preferably aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride or aluminium acetate, more preferably aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate, more
Preferably aluminum sulfate and aluminium triformate, more preferably aluminum sulfate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate；The prolease activity inhibitor and water group
Inhibit liquid into prolease activity, the mass ratio that the prolease activity inhibitor accounts for the prolease activity inhibition liquid is preferably
10%~30%, more preferably 12%~28%, more preferably 15%~25%, most preferably 18%~23%；The animal
Hide collagen protective agent and water composition Animal Skin protein protection liquid, the Animal Skin protein protective agent account for the Animal Skin protein protection
The mass ratio of liquid is preferably 5%~20%, more preferably 7%~18%, more preferably 10%~15%, most preferably 12%~
13%.
The mass ratio of the prolease activity inhibitor and Animal Skin protein protective agent is not particularly limited in the present invention, this
Field technology personnel can be adjusted according to practical condition, product requirement and raw material skin situation, and the present invention is preferably
(0.1~10)：1, more preferably (0.5~8)：1, more preferably (1~6)：1, most preferably (2~5)：1.The present invention is to described
Albumen inhibits the dosage of protection liquid to be not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can be according to practical condition, product requirement
Be adjusted with raw material skin situation, albumen of the present invention inhibit the usage amount of protection liquid be preferably raw material tare weight amount 5%~
60%, more preferably 10%~50%, more preferably 20%~40%, most preferably 25%~35%.The present invention is improves skin
The treatment effect on surface is removed from office, the albumen inhibits the dosage of protection liquid and proportioning preferably to be adjusted according to complex enzyme depilatory ratio
Whole and variation such as according to different complex enzyme depilatories, can generate different depilation speed, and corresponding albumen inhibits protection liquid
Dosage and proportioning be also changed.
The mode of the sprinkling is not particularly limited in the present invention, is with spray pattern well known to those skilled in the art
Can, the present invention is preferably sprayed or is applied；Depilation surface of semi-finished of the present invention, which refers to down spread pulled wool skin and flesh out, to be ajusted,
Raw material fur surface upward is surface.
In order to avoid protease overaction, loose side is further avoided and the defects of grain loses, it is of the present invention
Sprinkling is more preferably selectivity sprinkling and/or inhomogeneities sprinkling, and due to natural material skin, raw material epidermis face can include fiber
Porous spot and skin damage location, the side abdomen and/or buttocks of usual raw material skin can belong to fiber puff in various degree
Position, the present invention preferably inhibit protection liquid in the fiber porous spot of depilation surface of semi-finished and skin damage location spraying albumen；This
Invention to albumen inhibit protection liquid quantity for spray be not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can according to practical condition,
Product requirement and raw material skin situation are adjusted, and albumen of the present invention inhibits the quantity for spray of protection liquid preferably according to raw material epidermis
Face fiber porousness or skin degree of injury are adjusted.
The present invention is based on plates to divide principle, and the part using raw material skin is poor, carries out region segmentation, is referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1
The fibre structure schematic overview of sheepskin, wherein x more multilists show that fibre structure is closer, on the contrary then fibre structure is more loose, by Fig. 1
It is found that the position difference of sheepskin is big, ridge portion is most thick, and buttocks takes second place, and abdomen is most thin；The fibrage of ridge portion is closer, and buttocks
It is more loose with abdomen.Protease is better than the close position of raw material skin to the effect of raw material skin porous spot, when the hair of raw material skin side abdomen
When loosening, the hair in ridge portion is still very tight, also needs to extend the time hair loosening until ridge portion, leads to raw material skin side abdomen
Portion's overaction generates loose side, grain loss etc., greatly expands the position difference of whole sheepskin.The present invention is based on raw material skins
Physiologically the characteristics of, using segmentation principle, inhibits protection liquid loose in fiber by the spraying albumen of selectivity or inhomogeneities
Position and skin damage location, effectively solve complex enzyme and lose hair or feathers, and long duration of action leads to skin grain overaction
Finished leather loose side, grain damage the defects of.
The present invention is after the positive fiber porous spot spraying albumen of sheepskin inhibits protection liquid, then places pusher hair, obtains
Raw material skin after depilation.The time of the placement is not particularly limited in the present invention, and those skilled in the art can be according to reality
The condition of production, product requirement and raw material skin situation are adjusted, and the present invention is preferably judged according to hair root situation, treat ridge fibre
The hair root at dimension close structure position carries out pushing away hair, typically 8~12 hours, more preferably 8.5~11.5 after all loosening
Hour, most preferably 9~11 hours.The mode for pushing away hair is not particularly limited in the present invention, ripe with those skilled in the art
That knows pushes away cant formula, and the present invention is preferably artificial or pushes away mao machine and carries out pushing away hair and reaches depilation and the complete hair of recycling.
Raw material skin of the present invention after above-mentioned steps are lost hair or feathers, using subsequent handling, has finally obtained leather.
The subsequent handling is not particularly limited in the present invention, with leather treatment process well known to those skilled in the art, this hair
It is bright preferably to be carried out by processes such as ashless no sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tannings.
The present invention is lost hair or feathers using animal fur complex enzyme, compared to single protease depilation, more effectively destroys hair follicle and hair breast
Contact of the head to hair root, can reach and faster more preferably loosen hair root effect, advantageously reduce loose side and grain damage, the present invention
Principle is divided based on plate again, the part using raw material hide fiber structure is poor, region segmentation is carried out, by selective or uneven
Property spraying albumen inhibit protection liquid effectively solving complex enzyme lose hair or feathers in fiber porous spot and skin damage location,
Long duration of action, the defects of damage of finished leather loose side, grain being led to skin grain overaction.The present invention uses material letter
It is singly easy to get, technological process does not need to change too much, is easily received by leather-making enterprises, while without using sulfide, fundamentally thorough
Bottom eliminates the pollution of sulfide, and does not damage hair, and the effective value of hair, the economic benefit of enterprise and society greatly improved
It can benefit.
The present invention carries out Performance Evaluation to leather prepared by above-mentioned steps, and assessment result shows depilation provided by the invention
Method can effectively reduce the injury to surface, not easily cause the defects of removing from office loose side and grain damage.
For a further understanding of the present invention, raw material skin depilating method provided by the invention is said with reference to embodiment
Bright, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Raw material skin is the sheepskin that salt anti-corrosion preserves, and weight is calculated with tare weight percentage.
(1) it washes：300% clear water washing, temperature：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, except the dirt adhered to epidermis face of desalting
Object；
(2) pre- immersion：400% water, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B surfactants, temperature are added in rotary drum
Degree：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, rotation stop 55 minutes for 5 minutes, 5 times, common 5h, stand 10h；Fleshing removes subcutaneous tissue.
(3) main immersion：400% water, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B surfactants, temperature are added in rotary drum
Degree：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, rotation stop 55 minutes for 5 minutes, 6 times, common 6h.
(4) it loses hair or feathers：3% animal fur complex enzyme depilatory (depilation speed is fast) is added in into main immersion bath foam, is specifically matched
Fang Wei：SG protease 2kg, 1398 protease 12kg, elastoser TX 2kg, the lipase Ultra G 2kg of Novi's letter, ten
Sodium dialkyl sulfate 2kg, sodium tripolyphosphate 5kg, wood powder 5kg, ammonium sulfate 27kg and sodium sulphate 38kg are uniformly mixed to get animal
Fur complex enzyme depilatory.Temperature：28 DEG C, 6~9rmp of rotating speed, rotation stops 50 minutes for 10 minutes, 4 times, common 4h；By fur after draining
Go out drum to drip 30 minutes；Fur flesh noodles is spread out downward and is ajusted, by the 30% of animal tare weight amount, specifically by following formulas:Chlorination
Sodium 15kg, sodium sulphate 5kg, potassium sulfate 3kg, trypsin inhibitor 2kg, aluminum sulfate 10kg, aluminium triformate 10kg and water 100kg are complete
Full mixed dissolution is to get to the mixed liquor of prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water.Weigh above-mentioned albumen suppression
System protection liquid, even application are all loosened, are used in the positive fiber porous spot of sheepskin, (25 DEG C) placement 6h of room temperature, hair root
It pushes away mao machine and push away hair and reach depilation and the complete hair of recycling.
(5) subsequent handling is carried out by ashless no sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tanning processes, finally obtains leather.
Appearance detection is carried out to sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1, and is prepared with conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology
Sheepskin leather carry out appearance contrast test, referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the outside drawing of sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the outside drawing of sheepskin leather prepared by conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology.By Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 comparisons it is found that tradition
Compound enzymatic depilation technology there is leather loose side and the defects of grain damages, grade is low, and the sheepskin leather appearance for preparing of the present invention
There is no drawbacks described above, loose side, grade be not high for skin.
Performance detection is carried out to sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1, and is prepared with conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology
Sheepskin leather carry out parallel contrast test, experimental result referring to table 1, sheepskin leather that table 1 is prepared for the embodiment of the present invention 1 and
The Evaluation results of sheepskin leather prepared by conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology.
The property of sheepskin leather prepared by sheepskin leather and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology prepared by 1 embodiment of the present invention 1 of table
It can evaluation result
| Project | Conventional method | 1 method of the embodiment of the present invention |
| Grain integrated degree | 1 | 8 |
| Pore readability | 1 | 8 |
| Skin not loose side degree | 1 | 7 |
Note：1~10 point, score is higher, and leather property effect is better.
As shown in Table 1, the sheepskin grain side of leather that prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is more complete, and pore is more visible, skin not loose side.
Embodiment 2
Raw material skin is the sheepskin that salt anti-corrosion preserves, and weight is calculated with tare weight percentage.
(1) it washes：300% clear water washing, temperature：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, except the dirt adhered to epidermis face of desalting
Object；
(2) pre- immersion：400% water, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B surfactants, temperature are added in rotary drum
Degree：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, rotation stop 55 minutes for 5 minutes, 5 times, common 5h, stand 12h；Fleshing removes subcutaneous tissue.
(3) main immersion：400% water, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B surfactants, temperature are added in rotary drum
Degree：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, rotation stop 55 minutes for 5 minutes, 6 times, common 6h.
(4) it loses hair or feathers：3% animal fur complex enzyme depilatory (depilation speed is medium) is added in into main immersion bath foam, specifically
It is formulated and is：PY protease 1.2kg, 1398 proteinase 8 kg, elastoser TX 1.0kg, lipase the Ultra G of Novi's letter
2kg, lauryl sodium sulfate 2kg, sodium tripolyphosphate 5kg, wood powder 5kg, ammonium sulfate 30kg and sodium sulphate 45kg are uniformly mixed, i.e.,
Obtain animal fur complex enzyme depilatory.Temperature：30 DEG C, 6~9rmp of rotating speed, rotation stops 50 minutes, 5 times, 5 hours totally for 10 minutes；Row
Fur is gone out drum after water to drip 30 minutes；Fur flesh noodles is spread out downward and is ajusted, by the 25% of animal tare weight amount, specifically by following
Formula：Sodium chloride 8kg, sodium sulphate 4kg, lithium sulfate 4kg, pull open powder 2kg, aluminum sulfate 5kg, aluminium triformate 4kg, aluminium chloride 4kg and
Water 100kg is thoroughly mixed dissolving to get to the mixed liquor of prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water.It weighs
Above-mentioned albumen inhibits protection liquid, and even application places 10h in the positive fiber porous spot of sheepskin, (25 DEG C) of room temperature, and hair root is complete
Portion loosens, and push away hair using mao machine that pushes away reaches depilation and the complete hair of recycling.
(5) subsequent handling is carried out by ashless no sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tanning processes, finally obtains leather.
Performance detection is carried out to sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2, and is prepared with conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology
Sheepskin leather carry out parallel contrast test, experimental result referring to table 2, sheepskin leather that table 2 is prepared for the embodiment of the present invention 2 and
The Evaluation results of sheepskin leather prepared by conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology.
The property of sheepskin leather prepared by sheepskin leather and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology prepared by 2 embodiment of the present invention 2 of table
It can evaluation result
| Project | Conventional method | 1 method of the embodiment of the present invention |
| Grain integrated degree | 3 | 9 |
| Pore readability | 2 | 8 |
| Skin not loose side degree | 2 | 8 |
Note：1~10 point, score is higher, and leather property effect is better.
As shown in Table 2, the sheepskin grain side of leather that prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 is more complete, and pore is more visible, skin not loose side.
Embodiment 3
Raw material skin is the sheepskin that salt anti-corrosion preserves, and weight is calculated with tare weight percentage.
(1) it washes：300% clear water washing, temperature：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, except the dirt adhered to epidermis face of desalting
Object；
(2) pre- immersion：400% water, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B surfactants, temperature are added in rotary drum
Degree：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, rotation stop 55 minutes for 5 minutes, 5 times, common 5h, stand 12h；Fleshing removes subcutaneous tissue.
(3) main immersion：400% water, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B surfactants, temperature are added in rotary drum
Degree：25 DEG C, rotating speed：3~6rmp, rotation stop 55 minutes for 5 minutes, 6 times, common 6h.
(4) it loses hair or feathers：3% animal fur complex enzyme depilatory (depilation speed is slower) is added in into main immersion bath foam, specifically
It is formulated and is：The PY proteinase-10 .5kg of Novi's letter, SG the proteinase-10s .5kg, 1398 protease 5kg, elastoser TX of Novi's letter
0.5kg, lipase Ultra G 1.5kg, lauryl sodium sulfate 2kg, sodium tripolyphosphate 5kg, wood powder 5kg, ammonium sulfate 33kg
It is uniformly mixed with sodium sulphate 47kg to get animal fur complex enzyme depilatory.Temperature：It 32 DEG C, 6~9rmp of rotating speed, rotates 10 minutes
Stop 50 minutes, 6 times, totally 6 hours；Fur is gone out drum after draining to drip 30 minutes；Fur flesh noodles is spread out downward and is ajusted, by animal
The 20% of tare weight amount, specifically by following formulas：Sodium chloride 5kg, sodium sulphate 3kg, lauryl sodium sulfate 2kg, pull open powder 2kg,
Aluminum sulfate 3kg, aluminium triformate 3kg, aluminium chloride 3kg, aluminium acetate 3kg and water 100kg are thoroughly mixed dissolving to get to prolease activity
The mixed liquor of inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water.It weighs above-mentioned albumen and inhibits protection liquid, even application is in sheepskin front
Fiber porous spot, (25 DEG C) of room temperature placement 15h, hair root all loosens, and push away hair using mao machine that pushes away reaches depilation and return
Receive complete hair.
(5) subsequent handling is carried out by ashless no sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tanning processes, finally obtains leather.
Performance detection is carried out to sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3, and is prepared with conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology
Sheepskin leather carry out parallel contrast test, experimental result referring to table 3, sheepskin leather that table 3 is prepared for the embodiment of the present invention 3 and
The Evaluation results of sheepskin leather prepared by conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology.
The property of sheepskin leather prepared by sheepskin leather and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology prepared by 3 embodiment of the present invention 3 of table
It can evaluation result
| Project | Conventional method | 1 method of the embodiment of the present invention |
| Grain integrated degree | 4 | 9 |
| Pore readability | 3 | 8 |
| Skin not loose side degree | 3 | 9 |
Note：1~10 point, score is higher, and leather property effect is better.
As shown in Table 3, the sheepskin grain side of leather that prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3 is more complete, and pore is more visible, skin not loose side.
A kind of raw material skin depilating method provided by the present invention is described in detail above.It is used herein specifically
A example the principle of the present invention and embodiment are expounded, the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand this hair
Bright method and its core concept.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, the present invention is not being departed from
Under the premise of principle, can also to the present invention some improvement and modification can also be carried out, these improvement and modification also fall into right of the present invention
It is required that protection domain in.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of raw material skin depilating method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A) under the action of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is subjected to immersion depilation, obtained after taking-up depilation half into
Product；
The component composition of the complex enzyme depilatory includes,
B) the depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen obtained in above-mentioned steps inhibits protection liquid, pusher hair is placed, after obtaining depilation
Raw material skin；
The albumen inhibits the mixed liquor that protection liquid is prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water；
The prolease activity inhibitor includes sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate, dodecyl sulphate
It is one or more in sodium, pull open powder and biological enzyme inhibitor；
The Animal Skin protein protective agent includes one or more in aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate.
2. depilating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxiliary agent is enzyme penetration-assisting agent, pH adjusting agent and dilute
It releases one or more in agent.
3. depilating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the time for immersing depilation is 5~8 hours；Institute
The time for stating placement is 8~12 hours.
4. depilating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the depilation surface of semi-finished sprinkling albumen inhibits to protect
Liquid is protected specifically, fiber porous spot and skin damage location spraying albumen in the depilation surface of semi-finished inhibit protection liquid；
The raw material epidermis face includes fiber porous spot and skin damage location.
5. depilating method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the fiber porous spot include side abdomen and/or
Buttocks.
6. depilating method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the albumen inhibits the quantity for spray of protection liquid according to original
Material skin surface fiber porousness or skin degree of injury are adjusted.
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| CN110643754B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-09-14 | 四川大学 | Method for regulating protease catalytic activity in tanning process |
| CN112961946B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-03-29 | 四川大学 | Method for protecting skin grain surface in enzymatic unhairing of animal skin |
| CN114891932B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-03-03 | 四川大学 | Enzyme unhairing method adopting Cu (II) ion composite inhibitor system |
| CN115323080B (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-08-18 | 四川大学 | Tanning enzyme dehairing method |
| CN116987829A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 海南鳄珍鳄鱼产业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of leather capable of reducing environmental pollution |
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| CN101235422B (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2010-06-09 | 四川大学 | Animal fur complex enzyme depilatory and application thereof |
| CN104711379B (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2017-05-03 | 四川大学 | Enzyme unhairing method for removing damage to cowhide leather grain surface |
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