CN105603133A - Raw material skin unhairing method - Google Patents
Raw material skin unhairing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105603133A CN105603133A CN201510979956.5A CN201510979956A CN105603133A CN 105603133 A CN105603133 A CN 105603133A CN 201510979956 A CN201510979956 A CN 201510979956A CN 105603133 A CN105603133 A CN 105603133A
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- Prior art keywords
- skin
- raw material
- hair
- depilation
- liquid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/06—Facilitating unhairing, e.g. by painting, by liming
- C14C1/065—Enzymatic unhairing
Abstract
The invention provides a raw material skin unhairing method which comprises the following steps: firstly, under the action of composite enzyme depilatory, soaking raw material skin soaked in water into the depilatory to remove hair, taking out, thereby obtaining a half finished unhaired product; spraying a protein inhibition protecting liquid on the surface of the half finished unhaired product obtained in the former step, standing, and shaving, and thereby obtaining unhaired raw material skin, wherein the protein inhibition protecting liquid is a mixed liquid of a protease activity inhibitor and an animal skin protein protecting agent. As the animal skin composite enzyme is adopted to remove hair, association of hair follicle and hair papilla to hair roots can be effectively broken, a relatively rapid and relatively ideal hair root loosening effect can be achieved, damage to a loose side and a grain side can be reduced, and moreover after the hair roots at fiber loosened parts are loosened, as the mixed liquid of the protease activity inhibitor and the animal skin protein protecting agent is applied or spayed, over-action of protease can be avoided, and defects such as loose side and grain side loss can be further avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to leather processing technical field, relate in particular to a kind of raw material skin depilating method.
Background technology
The processing of leather has had the history of several thousand, and through development for a long time, process hides was from originallyOriginal simple manual operations, develops into an important industrial technology field. Leather processing refers to,By the rawhide that is easy to addle, i.e. raw material skin, after physics, the chemical processes such as depilation and tanning, rawSkin just becomes leather soft and that do not addle. , need to be added through tens roads to making finished product leather by raw material skinWork operation, as immersion, fleshing, degreasing, depilation, caustic dip, deliming, softening, pickling, tanning, multipleTan, neutralize, dye, refuel, be dried, arrange etc. In numerous steps of leather processing, raw materialSkin depilation is that leather is processed a very important link of initial stage, and the depilation in leather production refers to, removesInterfibrillar substance between hair and epidermis and collagenous fibres on raw material skin, the process that collagenous fibres appropriateness is separated.
Conventional depilating method mainly contains several classes of alkaline process, enzyme process, oxidative unhairing and dimethylamine unhairing, but oxygenChange epilation and dimethylamine unhairing method, all need tight safeguard procedures, and damage operator's health, thereforeIn production, seldom adopt. Alkaline process depilation is mainly divided into bag grey method, salt and alkali method and alkali alkaline process etc., is with sulfurationSodium is hydrolyzed hair and the hard keratin of epidermis on rawhide in alkali lye, destroys cystine linkage, weakens hair and showsSkin depends on corium, reaches the object of depilation, and interfibrillar substance is also partly removed simultaneously, makes collagen fibreDimension is separated. And the depilation technology of the interior main flow of industry is the grey epilation of bag at present, specific practice is by workThe water-soluble lime furnishing pasty state that adds of industry vulcanized sodium, be coated with or be sprayed on return to fresh hide state through drip or water squeezing afterOn sheepskin flesh noodles, bank up to sulfide infiltration and make hair root loosening, push away hair operation, reach depilation and returnReceive the object of hair. But near sulfide effect hair root, cause dissolved destruction, can not intactly returnReceive hair, and serious containing harmful sulfide environmental pollution in waste liquid.
Another depilating method is enzyme unhairing, be by single protease long duration of action in Animal Skin,Slough hair and the epidermis on rawhide by biological chemistry action, utilize protease clear up rawhide hair follicle around andThe basic substance that epidermis and corium link, the structure of destruction soft keratin, destruction hair bag contacts with hair shaft,Make hair root loosening, weakening hair and epidermis closely depend on corium, make hair and epidermis de-under mechanismFall, reach the object of depilation. Sulfur compound not in the waste liquid of enzyme unhairing, is conducive to environmental protection. ButIn enzymatic depilation process, be also accompanied by the effect of enzyme bating, thereby operation easier is large, no matter be single proteaseOr compound protease all can cause skin grain overaction and cause the damage etc. of finished leather loose side, grain to lackFall into, just adopt complex enzyme to lose hair or feathers, can weaken the loss of single protease to collagen, but longTime effect, still can be to skin grain overaction, relatively single protease, and its degree of injury can be little by onePoint.
Thereby, how to obtain a kind of more suitable raw material skin depilating method, can reduce the wound to surfaceEvil, is difficult for causing the defects such as leather loose side and grain damage, is that leather manufacturer urgently separates in the industry alwaysProblem certainly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of raw material skin depilating method, thisThe depilating method that invention provides, can reduce the injury to surface, is difficult for causing leather loose side and grain damageEtc. defect, and technique is simple, and hair removal effect is good.
The invention discloses a kind of raw material skin depilating method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A), under the effect of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is immersed to depilation, after taking-upObtain the semi-finished product that lose hair or feathers;
B) the depilation surface of semi-finished obtaining in above-mentioned steps is sprayed albumen and is suppressed protection liquid, places pusher hair,Obtain the raw material skin after depilation;
It is the mixed of prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water that described albumen suppresses protection liquidClose liquid.
Preferably, described prolease activity inhibitor comprise sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate,Lithium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, pull open one or more in powder and biology enzyme inhibitor.
Preferably, described Animal Skin protein protective agent comprises aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetateIn one or more.
Preferably, described prolease activity inhibitor and water constitutive protein enzyme activity suppress liquid, described albumenThe mass ratio that enzyme activity inhibitor accounts for described prolease activity inhibition liquid is 10%～30%;
Described Animal Skin protein protective agent and water composition Animal Skin protein protection liquid, described Animal Skin albumen is protectedProtecting the mass ratio that agent accounts for described Animal Skin protein protection liquid is 5%～20%.
Preferably, the component of described complex enzyme depilatory forms and comprises,
Preferably, described auxiliary agent is one or more in enzyme penetration-assisting agent, pH adjusting agent and diluent.
Preferably, the time of described immersion depilation is 5～8 hours; The time of described placement is 8～12 hours.
Preferably, described depilation surface of semi-finished is sprayed albumen and is suppressed to protect liquid to be specially, in described depilationThe fiber porous spot of surface of semi-finished and skin damage location spraying albumen suppress protection liquid;
Described raw material epidermis face comprises fiber porous spot and skin damage location.
Preferably, described fiber porous spot comprises limit belly and/or buttocks.
Preferably, the quantity for spray that described albumen suppresses protection liquid according to raw material skin surface fiber porousness orSkin degree of injury is adjusted.
The invention discloses a kind of raw material skin depilating method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps, firstUnder the effect of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is immersed to depilation, after taking-up, taken offHair semi-finished product; Then the depilation surface of semi-finished obtaining in above-mentioned steps is sprayed albumen and is suppressed protection liquid, putsPostpone pushes away hair, obtains the raw material skin after depilation; It is prolease activity inhibitor that described albumen suppresses protection liquidMixed liquor with Animal Skin protein protective agent. Compared with prior art, the present invention uses animal fur complex enzymeDepilation, compares single protease depilation, more effective destruction hair follicle and the contact of papilla to hair root, energyReach and more preferably become flexible sooner hair root effect, be conducive to reduce loose side and grain damage, and treat fiberAfter becoming flexible appears in porous spot hair root, painting or spray prolease activity inhibitor and Animal Skin protein protective agentMixing material, avoids protease overaction, has further avoided the defect such as loose side and grain loss.The present invention uses material simple and easy to get, and technological process does not need to change too many, easily accepted by leather-making enterprises,Do not use sulfide simultaneously, fundamentally thoroughly eliminated the pollution of sulfide, and do not damage hair, largeWidth has improved the effective value of hair, the economic benefit of enterprise and social benefit. Experimental result shows,Depilating method of the present invention can effectively reduce the injury to surface, is difficult for causing leather loose side and grain to damageThe defects such as wound.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fibre structure schematic overview of sheepskin;
Fig. 2 is the outside drawing of the sheepskin leather prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the outside drawing of the sheepskin leather prepared of conventional composite enzymatic depilation technology.
Detailed description of the invention
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiments of the invention are carried outDescribe, but should be appreciated that these are described is for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention notIt is the restriction that patent of the present invention is required.
The all raw materials of the present invention, are not particularly limited its source, on market, buy or according to abilityPrepared by the conventional method that field technique personnel know.
The all raw materials of the present invention, are not particularly limited its purity, and the present invention preferably adopts analysis pure.
The percentage of agents useful for same of the present invention, as without dated especially, is the quality of reagent dosage and raw material skinRatio.
The invention discloses a kind of raw material skin depilating method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A), under the effect of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is immersed to depilation, after taking-upObtain the semi-finished product that lose hair or feathers;
B) the depilation surface of semi-finished obtaining in above-mentioned steps is sprayed albumen and is suppressed protection liquid, places pusher hair,Obtain the raw material skin after depilation;
It is the mixing of prolease activity inhibitor and Animal Skin protein protective agent that described albumen suppresses protection liquidLiquid.
First the present invention under the effect of complex enzyme depilatory, immerses depilation by the raw material skin after immersion,After taking-up, obtain the semi-finished product that lose hair or feathers. The present invention is not particularly limited described complex enzyme depilatory, with abilityThe complex enzyme depilatory that field technique personnel are familiar, the present invention is for improving hair removal effect, described complex enzymeHair remover is preferably animal fur complex enzyme depilatory, more preferably formed by following component, 5～20 weight portionsNeutral proteinase or alkali protease, the elastoser of 0～10 weight portion, the fat of 0.5～15 weight portionEnzyme, the auxiliary agent of 0～155 weight portion; Described auxiliary agent is preferably in enzyme penetration-assisting agent, pH adjusting agent and diluentOne or more, more preferably enzyme penetration-assisting agent, pH adjusting agent and diluent. Described neutral proteinaseOr more preferably 6～19 weight portions of alkali protease, more preferably 8～17 weight portions, most preferably are 10～15Weight portion; Described elastoser is 1～9 weight portion more preferably, more preferably 2～8 weight portions, optimumElect 4～6 weight portions as; Described lipase is 1～13 weight portion more preferably, more preferably 3～10 weight portions,Most preferably be 5～8 weight portions; Described enzyme penetration-assisting agent is preferably 0～10 weight portion, more preferably 2～8 weightPart, most preferably be 4～6 weight portions; Described pH adjusting agent is preferably 0～50 weight portion, and more preferably 5～45Weight portion, more preferably 10～40 weight portions, most preferably are 20～30 weight portions; Described diluent is preferredBe 0～95 weight portion, more preferably 5～90 weight portions, more preferably 20～70 weight portions, most preferably are40～50 weight portions.
Described neutral proteinase or alkali protease select enzyme activity to be preferably 1398 albumen of 50,000 units/gEnzyme, or the NovocorSG protease produced of the enzyme activity Novozymes Company that is 200,000 units/g, or enzymeVigor is the Pyrase250MP protease that the Novozymes Company of 250,000 units/g produces; Described proteaseBe preferably and come from animal, plant or microorganism, and pH value be applicable to scope be preferably 6.5～12, more excellentElect 7～11 as, most preferably be 8～10; Described lipase is preferably and comes from animal, plant or microorganism,And pH value is applicable to scope and is preferably 6.5～12, more preferably 7～11, most preferably be 8～10; Be preferably6.5～12; Described elastoser is preferably and comes from animal, plant or microorganism, and pH value is applicable to modelEnclose and be preferably 6.5～12, more preferably 7～11, most preferably be 8～10; Be preferably 6.5～12; Described enzyme swashsThe agent of living is preferably at least one in calcium salt and silicate, wherein calcium salt can be calcium oxide, calcium sulfate,Calcium formate, calcium nitrate or calcium phosphate etc.; Silicate can be sodium metasilicate etc.; Described enzyme penetration-assisting agent is preferablyIn sulfonate surfactant, Sulfates surfactant and polyethenoxy ether class surfactantAt least one, sulfonate surfactant can be neopelex or butanedioic acid sulfonate etc.,Sulfate surfactant can be lauryl sodium sulfate or alkylpolyoxyethylene sodium sulphate etc.,Polyethenoxy ether class surfactant can be JFC and/or peregal etc.; Described pH adjusting agent be acid andAt least one in ackd salt, or at least one in alkali and basic salt. Acid or ackd salt can be formic acidSodium, sodium acetate, ammonium sulfate, amine-oxides, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (sodium) or boric acid etc., alkali or basic salt canTo be carbonic hydroammonium, sodium acid carbonate, sodium carbonate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (sodium), tripotassium phosphate (sodium), threePolyphosphate sodium, calgon, sodium metasilicate etc. The concrete selection of pH adjusting agent is according to the optimum pH of enzymeScope select. Described diluent be preferably 50～500 object wood powders, starch, rice bran, Gao Lingshi,At least one in talcum powder, sodium oxide molybdena, sodium sulphate and cellulose.
The present invention is not particularly limited described raw material skin, with well known to those skilled in the art for the manufacture ofLeather material skin, the present invention is preferably pigskin, sheepskin or ox-hide, more preferably pigskin, sheepskinOr the ox-hides such as sheepskin, cattle hide, buffalo hide, milk ox-hide or yak skin such as goat skin, most preferably be sheepThe sheepskin such as skin or goat skin. The present invention is not particularly limited the source of described raw material skin, with this area skillThe source of the raw material skin that art personnel know, can select commercially available or oneself prepare, of the present inventionRaw material skin is preferably the raw material skin of processing through early stage, and the step that process described early stage is preferably, and first passes throughThe anticorrisive agent preservative treatments such as salt; Pass through again water-washing step, be preferably the clear water water that uses 200%～400%Wash, remove the dirt desalting with skin surface attachment; Through pre-immersion step, be preferably in rotary drum and add again200%～600% water, 0.1%～1.0% soda ash and 0.1%～1.0% FG-B surfactant carry out preimpregnationWater; The present invention is not particularly limited the step of described pre-immersion, with well known to those skilled in the art pre-Immersion step, the present invention is preferably rotary drum low speed rotation and within 5 minutes, stops 55 minutes, circulates 5 times, processesAfter 5h, leave standstill 10h altogether, and then fleshing, remove hypodermis; Finally again through immersion (main immersion)Step, is preferably and in rotary drum, adds 200%～600% water, 0.1%～1.0% soda ash and 0.1%～1.0%FG-B surfactant soak; The present invention is not particularly limited the step of described immersion, withMain immersion step well known to those skilled in the art, the present invention is preferably rotary drum low speed rotation and stops for 5 minutes55 minutes, circulate 6 times, process 6h altogether. In above early stage treatment step, the percentage of agents useful for same is equalFor the mass ratio of reagent and raw material skin.
The present invention under the effect of complex enzyme depilatory, carries out process above-mentioned steps raw material skin after treatmentImmerse depilation, after taking-up, obtain the semi-finished product that lose hair or feathers; The present invention is not special to the concrete steps of said processRestriction, those skilled in the art can be according to practical condition, product quality appearance requirement and raw material skinSituation is selected and is adjusted, and the present invention preferably adds complex enzyme depilatory in above-mentioned main immersion processIn body lotion in rotary drum, immerse depilation, then after draining, raw material skin is gone out to rouse to hang and drip, obtainDepilation semi-finished product; The present invention is not particularly limited the consumption of described complex enzyme depilatory, art technologyPersonnel can select and adjust according to practical condition, raw material skin situation and product quality appearance requirementWhole, the use amount of complex enzyme depilatory of the present invention is preferably 1%～5% of raw material tare weight amount, more preferablyBe 2%～4%, most preferably be 3%; Described immersion is preferably soaks or non-whole immersion; Described immersion is de-The time of hair is preferably 5～8 hours, more preferably 5.5～7.5 hours, most preferably is 6～7 hours; DescribedTumbledrum process is preferably low speed rotation stops 55 minutes for 5 minutes, and 6 times, totally 6 hours; Described hanging drippedTime is preferably 10～60 minutes, more preferably 20～50 minutes, most preferably is 30～40 minutes.
The present invention is helped and is oozed by protease, lipase, elastoser, pH adjustment, zymoexciter and enzymeThe synergy of the compounding ingredients such as saturating agent, can destroy hair follicle and the contact of papilla to hair root effectively, because ofAnd can reach more preferably hair removal effect. The hair that has solved conventional enzymatic depilation is difficult for removing completely, easy damagedThe shortcoming of grain side of leather. Fundamentally thoroughly eliminate the pollution of sulfide, and do not damaged hair, reducedThe pollutional load of leather-making waste water, has improved the use value of hair, has protected environment.
The depilation surface of semi-finished that the present invention obtains above-mentioned steps is subsequently sprayed albumen and is suppressed protection liquid, putsPostpone pushes away hair, obtains the raw material skin after depilation; Described albumen suppresses to protect liquid to be preferably prolease activity and presses downThe mixed liquor of preparation, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water; Described prolease activity inhibitor comprise sodium chloride,Sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, pull open powder and biology enzyme and suppressOne or more in agent, more preferably sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate,Lauryl sodium sulfate, pull open powder and biology enzyme inhibitor, more preferably sodium chloride, sodium sulphate and sulfuric acidPotassium, more preferably sodium sulphate, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, more preferably potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, dodecaneBase sodium sulphate and biology enzyme inhibitor; Described Animal Skin protein protective agent be preferably aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate,One or more in aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate, more preferably aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride or acetic acidAluminium, more preferably aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate, more preferably aluminum sulfate and aluminium triformate,More preferably aluminum sulfate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate; Described prolease activity inhibitor and water constitutive protein enzymeVigor suppresses liquid, and described prolease activity inhibitor accounts for described prolease activity, and to suppress the mass ratio of liquid preferredBe 10%～30%, more preferably 12%～28%, more preferably 15%～25%, most preferably be 18%～23%;Described Animal Skin protein protective agent and water composition Animal Skin protein protection liquid, described Animal Skin protein protective agentThe mass ratio that accounts for described Animal Skin protein protection liquid is preferably 5%～20%, and more preferably 7%～18%, moreBe preferably 10%～15%, most preferably be 12%～13%.
The present invention is not special to the mass ratio of described prolease activity inhibitor and Animal Skin protein protective agentRestriction, those skilled in the art can carry out according to practical condition, product requirement and raw material skin situationAdjust, the present invention is preferably (0.1～10): 1, and more preferably (0.5～8): 1, more preferably (1～6):1, most preferably be (2～5): 1. The consumption that the present invention suppresses protection liquid to described albumen is not particularly limited,Those skilled in the art can adjust according to practical condition, product requirement and raw material skin situation,The use amount that albumen of the present invention suppresses protection liquid is preferably 5%～60% of raw material tare weight amount, more preferablyBe 10%～50%, more preferably 20%～40%, most preferably be 25%～35%. The present invention is for improving leatherThe treatment effect on surface, the consumption of described albumen inhibition protection liquid and proportion optimization are according to complex enzyme depilatoryRatio is adjusted and is changed, and as the complex enzyme depilatory according to different, can produce different depilation speedDegree, consumption and proportioning that corresponding albumen suppresses protection liquid also change.
The present invention is not particularly limited the mode of described sprinkling, with sprinkling well known to those skilled in the artMode, the present invention is preferably spray or is coated with; Depilation surface of semi-finished of the present invention refers to pulled woolSkin and flesh faces down to spread out and ajusts, and raw material fur surface is upward surface.
For fear of protease overaction, further avoid the defect such as loose side and grain loss, thisInvent described sprinkling and more preferably selectively spray and/or inhomogeneities sprinkling, due to natural material skin, itsRaw material epidermis face can comprise fiber porous spot and skin damage location, conventionally limit belly and/or the stern of raw material skinPortion all can belong to fiber porous spot in various degree, and the present invention is preferably at the fiber of surface of semi-finished that loses hair or feathersPorous spot and skin damage location spraying albumen suppress protection liquid; The present invention suppresses the spray of protection liquid to albumenPainting amount is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can be according to practical condition, product requirement and formerMaterial skin situation is adjusted, and albumen of the present invention suppresses the quantity for spray of protection liquid preferably according to raw material epidermisFace fiber porousness or skin degree of injury are adjusted.
The present invention is based on plate and cut apart principle, utilize the part of raw material skin poor, carry out Region Segmentation, referring toFig. 1, the fibre structure schematic overview that Fig. 1 is sheepskin, wherein x more multilist show that fibre structure is tightr, anti-Fibre structure more loose, as shown in Figure 1, the position of sheepskin is poor large, ridge portion is the thickest, buttocksIt, belly is the thinnest; The fibrage of ridge portion is tightr, and buttocks and belly are more loose. Protease is to formerThe effect of material skin porous spot is better than the tight position of raw material skin, in the time that the hair of raw material skin limit belly is looseningWait, the hair of ridge portion is still very tight, also needs time expand until the hair of ridge portion is loosening, causes raw material skin limitBelly overaction, produces loose side, grain loss etc., greatly expands the position difference of whole sheepskin.The present invention is based on the physiological feature of raw material skin, adopt and cut apart principle, by selective or inhomogeneitiesSpraying albumen suppresses protection liquid at fiber porous spot and skin damage location, has effectively solved complex enzyme and has enteredRow depilation, long duration of action, causes the damage etc. of finished leather loose side, grain to lack to skin grain overactionFall into.
The present invention suppresses after protection liquid at the fiber porous spot spraying albumen in sheepskin front, then places pusherHair, obtains the raw material skin after depilation. The present invention was not particularly limited the time of described placement, this areaTechnical staff can adjust according to practical condition, product requirement and raw material skin situation, the present inventionPreferably judge according to hair root situation, treat that the hair root at the tight position of ridge fibre structure is all loosening laggardRow pushes away hair, can be 8～12 hours conventionally, more preferably 8.5～11.5 hours, most preferably is 9～11 littleTime. The present invention is not particularly limited the described mode that pushes away hair, with the hair that pushes away well known to those skilled in the artMode, the present invention is preferably artificial or pushes away mao machine and push away hair and reach depilation and reclaim complete hair.
The present invention has obtained the raw material skin after depilation through above-mentioned steps, then passes through subsequent handling, finalArrive leather. The present invention is not particularly limited described subsequent handling, with well known to those skilled in the artLeather treatment process, the present invention preferably by ashless without sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tanningCarry out etc. operation.
The present invention uses animal fur complex enzyme depilation, compares single protease depilation, more effective destruction hairThe contact to hair root of capsule and papilla, can reach sooner more preferably loosening hair root effect, is conducive to reduceLoose side and grain damage, the present invention is cut apart principle based on plate again, utilizes the part of raw material hide fiber structurePoor, carry out Region Segmentation, suppress protection liquid by the spraying albumen of selective or inhomogeneities and dredge at fiberPine position and skin damage location, effectively solved complex enzyme and lost hair or feathers, and long duration of action, can be to skinGrain overaction and cause the defects such as the damage of finished leather loose side, grain. The present invention uses material to be simple and easy to, technological process does not need to change too many, is easily accepted by leather-making enterprises, does not use sulfide simultaneously,Fundamentally thoroughly eliminate the pollution of sulfide, and do not damaged hair, significantly improved the effective value of hair,The economic benefit of enterprise and social benefit.
The leather that the present invention is prepared above-mentioned steps carries out Performance Evaluation, and assessment result shows, the present invention carriesThe depilating method of confession can effectively reduce the injury to surface, is difficult for causing leather loose side and grain damage etc.Defect.
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment to raw material skin provided by the invention depilation sideMethod describes, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Raw material skin is the sheepskin of the anticorrosion preservation of salt, and weight is all calculated with tare weight percentage.
(1) washing: the washing of 300% clear water, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, except desalting andThe dirt of skin surface attachment;
(2) immersion in advance: add 400% water in rotary drum, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B tableSurface-active agent, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, rotates and stop for 5 minutes 55 minutes, 5 times, 5h altogether,Leave standstill 10h; Fleshing, removes hypodermis.
(3) main immersion: add 400% water in rotary drum, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B tableSurface-active agent, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, rotates and stop for 5 minutes 55 minutes, 6 times, 6h altogether.
(4) depilation: toward animal fur complex enzyme depilatory (the depilation speed that adds 3% in main immersion body lotionHurry up), concrete formula is: the SG protease 2kg of Novi's letter, 1398 protease 12kg, elastoserTX2kg, lipase UltraG2kg, lauryl sodium sulfate 2kg, sodium phosphate trimer 5kg, wood powder5kg, ammonium sulfate 27kg and sodium sulphate 38kg mix, and obtain animal fur complex enzyme depilatory. Temperature:28 DEG C, rotating speed 6～9rmp, rotates and within 10 minutes, stops 50 minutes, and 4 times, 4h altogether; After draining, fur is gone outDrum drips 30 minutes; Fur flesh noodles is spread out and ajusted down, by 30% of animal tare weight amount, specifically pressState formula: sodium chloride 15kg, sodium sulphate 5kg, potassium sulfate 3kg, trypsin inhibitor 2kg, sulfuric acidAluminium 10kg, aluminium triformate 10kg and the complete mixed dissolution of water 100kg, obtain prolease activity inhibitor,The mixed liquor of Animal Skin protein protective agent and water. Weigh above-mentioned albumen and suppress protection liquid, be evenly sprayed on sheepThe fiber porous spot in skin front, normal temperature (25 DEG C) is placed 6h, and hair root is all loosening, uses mao machine that pushes awayPushing away hair reaches depilation and reclaims complete hair.
(5) subsequent handling is carried out without sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tanning operation by ashless,After obtain leather.
Sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out outward appearance detection, and with conventional composite enzymatic depilationSheepskin leather prepared by technology carries out outward appearance contrast test, and referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is madeThe outside drawing of standby sheepskin leather; Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is sheepskin skin prepared by conventional composite enzymatic depilation technologyThe outside drawing of leather. Contrasted from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, traditional complex enzyme depilation technology exist leather loose side andThe defect of grain damage, grade is low, and there is not above-mentioned defect in sheepskin leather outward appearance prepared by the present invention,Skin is loose side not, and grade is high.
Sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out Performance Detection, and with conventional composite enzymatic depilationSheepskin leather prepared by technology carries out parallel contrast test, and experimental result is referring to table 1, and table 1 is that the present invention is realExecute the performance evaluation knot of sheepskin leather prepared by sheepskin leather prepared by example 1 and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technologyReally.
Prepared by sheepskin leather prepared by table 1 embodiment of the present invention 1 and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technologyThe Evaluation results of sheepskin leather
| Project | Conventional method | The embodiment of the present invention 1 method |
| Grain integrated degree | 1 | 8 |
| Pore readability | 1 | 8 |
| Skin is loose side degree not | 1 | 7 |
Note: 1～10 point, score is higher, Leather Properties effect is better.
As shown in Table 1, sheepskin grain side of leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is more complete, and pore is more clear,Skin is loose side not.
Embodiment 2
Raw material skin is the sheepskin of the anticorrosion preservation of salt, and weight is all calculated with tare weight percentage.
(1) washing: the washing of 300% clear water, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, except desalting andThe dirt of skin surface attachment;
(2) immersion in advance: add 400% water in rotary drum, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B tableSurface-active agent, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, rotates and stop for 5 minutes 55 minutes, 5 times, 5h altogether,Leave standstill 12h; Fleshing, removes hypodermis.
(3) main immersion: add 400% water in rotary drum, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B tableSurface-active agent, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, rotates and stop for 5 minutes 55 minutes, 6 times, 6h altogether.
(4) depilation: toward animal fur complex enzyme depilatory (the depilation speed that adds 3% in main immersion body lotionMedium), concrete formula is: the PY protease 1.2kg of Novi's letter, 1398 proteinase 8 kg, elasticity eggWhite enzyme TX1.0kg, lipase UltraG2kg, lauryl sodium sulfate 2kg, sodium phosphate trimer5kg, wood powder 5kg, ammonium sulfate 30kg and sodium sulphate 45kg mix, and obtain animal fur complex enzyme de-Hair agent. Temperature: 30 DEG C, rotating speed 6～9rmp, rotates and stop for 10 minutes 50 minutes, 5 times, totally 5 hours;After draining, fur being gone out to drum drips 30 minutes; Fur flesh noodles is spread out and ajusted down, by animal tare weight amount25%, specifically by following formula: sodium chloride 8kg, sodium sulphate 4kg, lithium sulfate 4kg, pulls open powder 2kg,Aluminum sulfate 5kg, aluminium triformate 4kg, aluminium chloride 4kg and the complete mixed dissolution of water 100kg, obtain eggThe mixed liquor of white enzyme activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water. Weigh above-mentioned albumen and suppress protectionLiquid, is evenly sprayed on the fiber porous spot in sheepskin front, and normal temperature (25 DEG C) is placed 10h, and hair root is wholeLoosening, use mao machine that pushes away to push away hair and reach depilation and reclaim complete hair.
(5) subsequent handling is carried out without sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tanning operation by ashless,After obtain leather.
Sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 carries out Performance Detection, and with conventional composite enzymatic depilationSheepskin leather prepared by technology carries out parallel contrast test, and experimental result is referring to table 2, and table 2 is that the present invention is realExecute the performance evaluation knot of sheepskin leather prepared by sheepskin leather prepared by example 2 and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technologyReally.
Sheep prepared by sheepskin leather prepared by table 2 embodiment of the present invention 2 and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technologyThe Evaluation results of skin leather
| Project | Conventional method | The embodiment of the present invention 1 method |
| Grain integrated degree | 3 | 9 |
| Pore readability | 2 | 8 |
| Skin is loose side degree not | 2 | 8 |
Note: 1～10 point, score is higher, Leather Properties effect is better.
As shown in Table 2, sheepskin grain side of leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 is more complete, and pore is more clear,Skin is loose side not.
Embodiment 3
Raw material skin is the sheepskin of the anticorrosion preservation of salt, and weight is all calculated with tare weight percentage.
(1) washing: the washing of 300% clear water, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, except desalting andThe dirt of skin surface attachment;
(2) immersion in advance: add 400% water in rotary drum, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B tableSurface-active agent, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, rotates and stop for 5 minutes 55 minutes, 5 times, 5h altogether,Leave standstill 12h; Fleshing, removes hypodermis.
(3) main immersion: add 400% water in rotary drum, 0.5% soda ash and 0.5% FG-B tableSurface-active agent, temperature: 25 DEG C, rotating speed: 3～6rmp, rotates and stop for 5 minutes 55 minutes, 6 times, 6h altogether.
(4) depilation: toward animal fur complex enzyme depilatory (the depilation speed that adds 3% in main immersion body lotionSlower), concrete formula is: the PY proteinase-10 .5kg of Novi's letter, the SG proteinase-10 .5kg of Novi's letter,1398 protease 5kg, elastoser TX0.5kg, lipase UltraG1.5kg, dodecyl sulphurAcid sodium 2kg, sodium phosphate trimer 5kg, wood powder 5kg, ammonium sulfate 33kg and sodium sulphate 47kg mix,Obtain animal fur complex enzyme depilatory. Temperature: 32 DEG C, rotating speed 6～9rmp, rotates and stop 50 points for 10 minutesClock, 6 times, totally 6 hours; After draining, fur being gone out to drum drips 30 minutes; Fur flesh noodles is spread out downAjust, by 20% of animal tare weight amount, specifically by following formula: sodium chloride 5kg, sodium sulphate 3kg, tenSodium dialkyl sulfate 2kg, pulls open powder 2kg, aluminum sulfate 3kg, aluminium triformate 3kg, aluminium chloride 3kg, secondAcid aluminium 3kg and the complete mixed dissolution of water 100kg, obtain prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin albumenThe mixed liquor of protective agent and water. Weigh above-mentioned albumen and suppress protection liquid, be evenly sprayed on the fibre in sheepskin frontDimension porous spot, normal temperature (25 DEG C) is placed 15h, and hair root is all loosening, uses mao machine that pushes away to push away hair and reachesTo losing hair or feathers and reclaiming complete hair.
(5) subsequent handling is carried out without sulphur liming, softening, degreasing, pickling and tanning operation by ashless,After obtain leather.
Sheepskin leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3 carries out Performance Detection, and with conventional composite enzymatic depilationSheepskin leather prepared by technology carries out parallel contrast test, and experimental result is referring to table 3, and table 3 is that the present invention is realExecute the performance evaluation knot of sheepskin leather prepared by sheepskin leather prepared by example 3 and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technologyReally.
Sheep prepared by sheepskin leather prepared by table 3 embodiment of the present invention 3 and conventional composite enzymatic depilation technologyThe Evaluation results of skin leather
| Project | Conventional method | The embodiment of the present invention 1 method |
| Grain integrated degree | 4 | 9 |
| Pore readability | 3 | 8 |
| Skin is loose side degree not | 3 | 9 |
Note: 1～10 point, score is higher, Leather Properties effect is better.
As shown in Table 3, sheepskin grain side of leather prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3 is more complete, and pore is more clear,Skin is loose side not.
Above a kind of raw material skin depilating method provided by the present invention is described in detail. Herein shouldWith concrete example principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodimentJust for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof. It should be pointed out that for the artThose of ordinary skill, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out the present inventionSome improvement and modification, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a raw material skin depilating method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A), under the effect of complex enzyme depilatory, the raw material skin after immersion is immersed to depilation, after taking-upObtain the semi-finished product that lose hair or feathers;
B) the depilation surface of semi-finished obtaining in above-mentioned steps is sprayed albumen and is suppressed protection liquid, places pusher hair,Obtain the raw material skin after depilation;
It is the mixed of prolease activity inhibitor, Animal Skin protein protective agent and water that described albumen suppresses protection liquidClose liquid.
2. depilating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described prolease activity suppressesAgent comprises sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, pulls openOne or more in powder and biology enzyme inhibitor.
3. depilating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Animal Skin protein protectionAgent comprises one or more in aluminum sulfate, aluminium triformate, aluminium chloride and aluminium acetate.
4. depilating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described prolease activity suppressesAgent and water constitutive protein enzyme activity suppress liquid, and described prolease activity inhibitor accounts for described prolease activity to be pressed downThe mass ratio of liquid processed is 10%～30%;
Described Animal Skin protein protective agent and water composition Animal Skin protein protection liquid, described Animal Skin albumen is protectedProtecting the mass ratio that agent accounts for described Animal Skin protein protection liquid is 5%～20%.
5. depilating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described complex enzyme depilatoryComponent form comprise,
6. depilating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent be enzyme penetration-assisting agent,One or more in pH adjusting agent and diluent.
7. depilating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the time of described immersion depilationIt is 5～8 hours; The time of described placement is 8～12 hours.
8. depilating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described depilation surface of semi-finishedSpray albumen and suppress to protect liquid to be specially, damage at fiber porous spot and the skin of described depilation surface of semi-finishedPosition, traumatic part spraying albumen suppresses protection liquid;
Described raw material epidermis face comprises fiber porous spot and skin damage location.
9. depilating method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described fiber porous spot bagDraw together limit belly and/or buttocks.
10. depilating method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described albumen suppresses protectionThe quantity for spray of liquid is adjusted according to raw material skin surface fiber porousness or skin degree of injury.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110643754A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 四川大学 | Method for regulating protease catalytic activity in tanning process |
| CN112961946A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-15 | 四川大学 | Method for protecting skin grain surface in enzymatic unhairing of animal skin |
| CN114891932A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-12 | 四川大学 | Enzyme unhairing method adopting Cu (II) ion composite inhibitor system |
| CN115323080A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-11 | 四川大学 | Tanning enzyme unhairing method |
| CN115869468A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2023-03-31 | 黄玲惠 | Biological scaffolds and methods for making same |
| CN116987829A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 海南鳄珍鳄鱼产业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of leather capable of reducing environmental pollution |
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| US4960428A (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1990-10-02 | Rohm Gmbh | Method for liming skins and hides |
| CN101235422A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2008-08-06 | 四川大学 | Animal fur complex enzyme depilatory and application thereof |
| CN104711379A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-17 | 四川大学 | Enzyme unhairing method for removing damage to cowhide leather grain surface |
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| US4960428A (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1990-10-02 | Rohm Gmbh | Method for liming skins and hides |
| CN101235422A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2008-08-06 | 四川大学 | Animal fur complex enzyme depilatory and application thereof |
| CN104711379A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-17 | 四川大学 | Enzyme unhairing method for removing damage to cowhide leather grain surface |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115869468A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2023-03-31 | 黄玲惠 | Biological scaffolds and methods for making same |
| CN110643754A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 四川大学 | Method for regulating protease catalytic activity in tanning process |
| CN110643754B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-09-14 | 四川大学 | Method for regulating protease catalytic activity in tanning process |
| CN112961946A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-15 | 四川大学 | Method for protecting skin grain surface in enzymatic unhairing of animal skin |
| CN112961946B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-03-29 | 四川大学 | Method for protecting skin grain surface in enzymatic unhairing of animal skin |
| CN114891932A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-12 | 四川大学 | Enzyme unhairing method adopting Cu (II) ion composite inhibitor system |
| CN114891932B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-03-03 | 四川大学 | Enzyme unhairing method adopting Cu (II) ion composite inhibitor system |
| CN115323080A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-11 | 四川大学 | Tanning enzyme unhairing method |
| CN115323080B (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-08-18 | 四川大学 | Tanning enzyme dehairing method |
| CN116987829A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 海南鳄珍鳄鱼产业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of leather capable of reducing environmental pollution |
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