201244130 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種太陽能電池模組，且特別是有 關於一種具有旁路二極體（bypass diode)的太陽能電池 模組。 【先前技術】 對於能源需求量在與日倶增的情況下，使用所謂的 再生能源（renewable energy)的成為現今的能源發展上 面一個非常重要的課題。這些再生能源是指理論上可以 取之不盡的天然能源，例如太陽能、風能、水利能、潮 汐能或是生質能等。其中，關於太陽能的利用更是近幾 年來關於能源開發的研究上，相當重要且受歡迎的一環。 一通常在太陽能電池模組運作的期間，往往會容易受 過太陽能電池模組上的物件遮蔽，例如較厚的雲層 類ϊ各種物件’使太陽能電池模組中受到遮陰的 無法進？卫作，而受到遮隆效應影響的部 :而道：兀會形成承受逆向偏壓的電阻而產生熱效應， 出現燒壞===份?池單元溫度過高而 i ο- Be At 知私之為熱斑（h〇t Sp〇t)。然而， 的損= 會造成部分電池單元 漸漸的使整個太陽能的發電效率’甚至會 能電本·ί發Γ人m為實有*'要開發* —種太陽 月=，池柄組’可以有效的降， 熱斑效應，進而提升太陽= 也的；; 4 201244130 【發明内容】 本發明所欲解決之技術問題與目的： 在乌以上所述，在習知技術中，由於太陽能電池 雷=蔽時，往往會因電池單元承受逆向偏壓的高 產生高熱，燒壞受到遮蔽的電池單元，而導致太 池ΐ組=組的發電效率降低，甚至會使整個太陽能電 一種*哩 通問喊’本發明之主要目的在於提供 出來池能電池模組，其係、利用由電池單元分隔 遮蔽時，為t路單元’使電池單元受到 總體效率=早=;蔽效應’進而減少太陽模組 耐用度。、’、可提升太陽能電池模組的可靠度及 本發明解μ題之技術手段： 段係ί ί，i f fΑ習知技術之問題所採用之技術手 單元及複數池1組’包含基板、複數個電池 區，電池單开^入早7^。基板具有一發電區與一旁路 池單元、第~ 別設置於發電區上且串聯的第一電 元。旁路單元及位於其間的至少一第三電池單 路單元、第二之12別設置於旁路區上且串聯的第一旁 疊一第一電it—早兀。電池單元與旁路單元皆依序堆 第一電池單元的:主動層及一第二電極於該基板上，且 極，而第二電姊„„了電極耦接至第二旁路單元的第二電 第二電極。吧早7°的第二電極耦接至第一旁路單元的 201244130 在本發明較佳實施例中，上述複數個旁路單元更包 含至少一串聯地耦接第一旁路單元以及第二旁路單元之 第三旁路單元，其係設置於旁路區上，並位於第一旁路 單元以及第二旁路單元之間。 在本發明較佳實施例中，主動層至少包含一堆疊 結構，且堆疊結構係由一 P型半導體層、一本質層與一 η型半導體層依序堆疊而成。 在本發明較佳實施例中，第一電池單元之第二電 極係以一導線耦接第二旁路單元之第二電極。 在本發明較佳實施例中，第二電池單元之第二電 極係以一導線耦接第一旁路單元之第二電極。 本發明對照先前技術之功效： 從以上述可知，相較於習知技術所述之太陽能電 池模組，由於在本發明所提供之一種太陽能電池模組 中，是將自電池單元分隔出之部分作為旁路單元，並 且利用旁路單元使電池單元在受到遮蔽時，可經由旁 路單元將電流順利的越過受到遮蔽的電池單元，而不 會使受到遮蔽的電池單元因逆向偏壓產生的高溫高 熱產生熱斑，進而減少太陽模組總體效率損失，亦可 提升太陽能電池模組的可靠度及耐用度。 本發明所採用的具體實施例，將藉由以下之實施 例及圖式作進一步之說明。 【實施方式】 本發明所提供之太陽能電池模組，是利用自電池 單元分隔出來之部分作為旁路單元，因此可廣泛運用 201244130201244130 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solar cell module, and more particularly to a solar cell module having a bypass diode. [Prior Art] With the increasing demand for energy, the use of so-called renewable energy has become a very important issue in today's energy development. These renewable energy sources are theoretically inexhaustible natural energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, tidal energy or biomass energy. Among them, the use of solar energy is a very important and popular part of research on energy development in recent years. Usually, during the operation of the solar cell module, it is often easily obscured by objects on the solar cell module. For example, thicker clouds and various objects make the solar cell module invisible. Guardian, the part affected by the occlusion effect: and the road: 兀 will form a resistance that is subjected to the reverse bias and produce a thermal effect, and burn out === part? The temperature of the pool unit is too high and i ο- Be At It is a hot spot (h〇t Sp〇t). However, the loss = will cause some of the battery cells to gradually make the entire solar power generation efficiency 'even if the electricity can be used to develop a * to develop * - solar moon =, pool handle group ' can be effective Descending, hot spot effect, and then raising the sun = also; 4 201244130 [Summary of the Invention] Technical problems and objects to be solved by the present invention: In the above, in the prior art, due to the solar cell lightning At the same time, the battery unit is often subjected to a high reverse heat bias to generate high heat, which burns out the shielded battery unit, and the power generation efficiency of the Tai Chi ΐ group=group is lowered, and even the entire solar power can be screamed. The main object of the present invention is to provide a battery cell module, which is used for the t-channel unit to make the battery unit subject to overall efficiency = early = shielding effect, thereby reducing the durability of the solar module. . ', can improve the reliability of the solar cell module and the technical means of solving the problem of the invention: segment system ί ί, if f Α the problem of the technical technology used in the technical unit and the complex pool 1 group 'including the substrate, plural A battery area, the battery is opened separately into the early 7^. The substrate has a power generation zone and a bypass cell unit, and is first disposed on the power generation zone and connected in series with the first cell. The bypass unit and the at least one third battery single unit and the second portion 12 disposed therebetween are disposed on the bypass region and the first side of the series is connected to the first electrical device. The battery unit and the bypass unit sequentially stack the first battery unit: the active layer and the second electrode are on the substrate, and the second electrode is coupled to the second bypass unit. Two electric second electrodes. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of bypass units further includes at least one series coupled to the first bypass unit and the second side. The third bypass unit of the road unit is disposed on the bypass area and located between the first bypass unit and the second bypass unit. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the active layer comprises at least one stacked structure, and the stacked structure is formed by sequentially stacking a P-type semiconductor layer, an intrinsic layer and an n-type semiconductor layer. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second electrode of the first battery unit is coupled to the second electrode of the second bypass unit by a wire. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second electrode of the second battery unit is coupled to the second electrode of the first bypass unit by a wire. The present invention compares the effects of the prior art: From the above, it can be seen that the solar battery module described in the prior art is a part of the solar battery module provided by the present invention which is separated from the battery unit. As a bypass unit, and when the battery unit is shielded by the bypass unit, the current can be smoothly passed over the shielded battery unit via the bypass unit without the high temperature caused by the reverse bias of the shielded battery unit. High heat generates hot spots, which in turn reduces the overall efficiency loss of the solar module, and also improves the reliability and durability of the solar cell module. The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described by the following embodiments and drawings. [Embodiment] The solar cell module provided by the present invention uses a portion separated from the battery unit as a bypass unit, and thus can be widely used.
牛1致使本發明所提供之太陽 組合而加以實施， 較佳貫施例來加以具體說明。 且由於電極的搞接方式不勝枚 之太陽能電池模組可依照多種The cow 1 is implemented by combining the sun provided by the present invention, and is preferably described in detail by way of example. And because the electrode is connected in a way that is incomprehensible, the solar cell module can be various.
^ >閱第一圖與第二圖，第一圖係為本發明較佳 也广之太陽能電池之示意圖；第二圖係為第一圖中 a_a/^與b_b段之間連結關係示意圖。如圖所示，一 太陽能，池模組1〇〇包含一基板丨、複數個電池單元 t及複數個旁路單元3。該基板丄具有一發電區pv ^一f路區BP，該些電池單元2係設置於該發電區 V’、該些旁路單元3係設置於該旁路區BP。該基板 1為透明基板，如玻璃基板或透明樹脂基板。 主動層2】2及一第二 電極213以及該第二 第二電極2U於該基板〗上The first diagram and the second diagram are the schematic diagrams of the preferred and broad solar cell of the present invention; the second diagram is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the a_a/^ and b_b segments in the first figure. As shown, a solar energy, pool module 1A includes a substrate, a plurality of battery cells t, and a plurality of bypass units 3. The substrate 丄 has a power generation area pv ^ - f road area BP, the battery cells 2 are disposed in the power generation area V', and the bypass units 3 are disposed in the bypass area BP. The substrate 1 is a transparent substrate such as a glass substrate or a transparent resin substrate. The active layer 2] 2 and a second electrode 213 and the second second electrode 2U are on the substrate
_該些電池單元2更可分為一第一電池單元2卜一 第二ΐ池單元22以及三個第三電池單元23，該第一 電池單元21係叹置於該發電區ρν上，該第二電池單 元22係設置於該發電區ρν上，該些第三電池單元 23係叹置於该發電區pV上，且該些第三電池單元μ 係串聯地設置於該第—電池單元21以及該第二電池單 疋22之間’藉以使該第—電池單元2卜該第二電池單 =22以及該些第三電池單元23之間形成串聯。盆中古亥 弟一電池單元21之結構為依序堆疊一第一電極以^、二 201244130 示）依序堆疊而成。該第二電池單元22與該些第三電池 單元23之結構與該第一電池單元21之結構相同，故在 此不多贅言。此外，在其他實施例中，該主動層212的 結構可為堆疊型結構（Tandem )或多接面型結構 (Multi Junction)，完全不限於本實施例之堆疊結構。 該些旁路單元3更可分為一第一旁路單元31、一第 二旁路單元32以及三個第三旁路單元33，該第一旁路 單元31係設置於該旁路區BP上，該第二旁路單元 32係設置於該旁路區BP上，該些第三旁路單元33 係設置於該旁路區BP上，且該些第三旁路單元33係 串聯地設置於該第一旁路單元31以及該第二旁路單元 32之間，藉以使該第一旁路單元31、該第二旁路單元 32以及該些第三旁路單元33之間形成串聯。其中該些 旁路單元3之結構與該第一電池單元21之結構相同，故 在此不多贅言。 該第一電池單元21之該第二電極211係以一導線 4b耦接該第二旁路單元32之一第二電極321，該第二電 池單元22之該第二電極221係以一導線4a耦接該第一 旁路單元31之一第二電極311。較佳者，該導線4a、4b 之材質為導電材質，例如銅或銀等金屬材質。 承以上所述，在該太陽能電池模組100正常發電 時，電流是由該第一電池單元21經該些第三電池單元 23流至該第二電池單元22。然而，當該些第三電池單元 23受到遮蔽而無光電效應的作用時，電流由η型半導體 流至ρ型半導體之行為相當於形成逆向偏壓而無法通 過，使該第一電池單元21之電流無法流至該第二電池單 元22 ;此時，由於本發明利用該導線4b將電流自該第 一電池單元21之該第二電極211導引至該旁路單元32 之該第二電極321 ’使電流由ρ型半導體流至η型半導 201244130 體，即相當於以順向偏壓的流動方向通過該些第三旁路 單元33，再藉由該第—旁路單元31之該第二電極311 將電流k至5亥第一電池單元22之該第二電極221。 如以上所述，本發明藉由將太陽能電池反向連接會 產生旁路二極體的效果，因此可使太陽能電池模組之; 分受到遮蔽時，可將電流藉由旁路單元越過受遮蔽之& 分，^不會使受到遮蔽的電池單元因逆向偏壓產生二 局溫咼熱產生熱斑，進而減少太陽模組總體效率損 失，亦可提升太陽能電池模組的可靠度及耐用度。、 請參閱第三圖，第三圖是本發明第二較佳實施例之 太^能電池模組導線耦接示意圖。如圖所示，一第一電 池單兀。5。1以一導線4d耦接至一第二旁路單元62，一第 二電池單元52以另一導線4c耦接至一第一旁路單元 61 ’因此可在二電池單元53受到遮蔽時，將電流由該第 一電Ϊ單元51流至該第二旁路單元62，並通過二第三 旁路單元63流至該第一旁路單元61，最後再流至該 二電池單元52。 ，在本實施例中，更以一導線4f將一第一電池單元 5一 1耦接至一第二旁路單元62，，且以另一導線牦將一第 =電^單元52,耦接至一第一旁路單元61，，因此可在二 ，池f元53,受到遮蔽時，將電流由該第一電池單元51， 第二旁路單元62, ’並通過二第三旁路單元63,流 ^ —旁路單元61’’最後再流至該第二電池單元52，。 其中，在太陽能電池中設置多組旁路導線時，若該 二泉4d木與該導，知設置在同-旁路單元時，會在電池 無遮蔽的運作下產生分流，而降低太陽能電池 、夕能，因此同一旁路單元須避免設置兩組旁路導線。 清參閱第四圖，第四圖為本發明第三較佳實施例之 201244130 太％能電池模組導狳一 池單元71以接L。如圖所示，-第-電 池單元75以另一邋始耦接至一第二旁路單元82, 一電 此可在-電池單元ί4#接至一第一旁路單元8卜因 第-電池單元71姆兮结73、74受到遮蔽時，電流可自該 元81流至該電池ΐ戎第二旁路單元82與該第一旁路單 本發明之第二電&H㈣’該電池單元75相當於 當於本發明之該電池單元72、乃、74則相 路單元84L3以一導線4j轉接至-第二旁 一旁路單it 83，二76以;導線4i耦接至一第 時，電流可自該電、、也:在該電池單70 74、75受到遮蔽 第-旁路單it 83、1早几73第二旁路單it 84與該 元73相當於本發電^^76。此時，該電池單 75則相當於本發^而該電池單元74、 輕接本實施例更提供1交錯的導線 可減少電4二早二：第三切單元，因此 ί，分:τ部分電池單元作為=係= 2二==?:;旁路單元具;旁= 溫高熱。，然而，第三^ί兀^到遮蔽時不會產生高 亦可因應使用者的需求去變化，而完全不 又限於本貫施例所舉之耦接方式。 201244130 έ士構亦方式可以變化外’主動層的堆疊 ^丰_二晶i遠貫施例所述之ρ型半導體·本質層_η 辦之化。構’其可以是？型半導體與η型半導 ，的堆疊結構二、要是具有旁路二極體構造之太陽能電 ^就可將電池單讀隔為旁路單元，而主動層的材質 二之材質、ΙΠΑ·νΑ族化合物太陽能電池或π·νι Ϊ的以池二此外，主動層的堆疊結構可為多 廣的電池早70堆疊，而不僅限於—個電池單元的堆疊。 藉由上述之本發明實施例可知，本 上之利用價值。惟，以上夕“確具產業 之較佳杏斑上之貝鈀例明，僅為本發明 之巧佳貝她例說明，舉凡所屬技術領域 ;者當可依據本發明之上述實施例說明；：以:重 t改良及變化。然而這些依據本發 ^ 之專利範_。 於本發明之發明精神及界定 【圖式簡單說明】 池之示意 第一圖係為本發明較佳實施例之太陽能電 圖； 第二圖係為第H a段與b _ b段之間連結關係示 意圖； 第-圖疋本發明第二較佳實施例之太陽能電池模組 導線耦接示意圖；以及 第四圖為本發明第三較佳實施例之太陽能電池模組 導線耦接示意圖。 201244130 【主要元件符號說明】 100 太陽能電池模組 1 基板 2 電池單元 21 第一電池單元 211 第二電極 212 主動層 213 第一電極 22 第二電池單元 23 第三電池單元 3 旁路單元 31 第一旁路單元 311 第二電極 32 第二旁路單元 321 第二電極 33 第三旁路單元 4a、4b、4c、4d、4e、4f、 4g、4h、4i、4j 導線 51 、 51， 第一電池單元 52 、 52， 第二電池單元 53 、 53， 電池單元 61 、 61， 第一旁路單元 12 201244130 62 、 62， 第二旁路單元 63 、 63， 第三旁路單元 71 第一電池單元 72、73 ' 74、75 電池單元 76 第二電池單元 81 第一旁路單元 82 第二旁路單元 83 第一旁路單元 84 第二旁路單元 PV 發電區 BP 旁路區 13The battery unit 2 can be further divided into a first battery unit 2, a second battery unit 22, and three third battery units 23, and the first battery unit 21 is placed on the power generation area ρν. The second battery unit 22 is disposed on the power generation area ρν, and the third battery units 23 are disposed on the power generation area pV, and the third battery units μ are disposed in series on the first battery unit 21 And between the second battery unit 22, so that the first battery unit 2 and the second battery unit 23 are connected in series. In the basin, the structure of the battery unit 21 of the ancient syllabus is sequentially stacked by stacking a first electrode in the order of ^, 2, 201244130). The structure of the second battery unit 22 and the third battery units 23 is the same as that of the first battery unit 21, so that it is not so much. In addition, in other embodiments, the structure of the active layer 212 may be a stacked structure (Tandem) or a multi-junction structure, and is not limited to the stacked structure of the embodiment at all. The bypass unit 3 can be further divided into a first bypass unit 31, a second bypass unit 32 and three third bypass units 33. The first bypass unit 31 is disposed in the bypass area BP. The second bypass unit 33 is disposed on the bypass area BP, the third bypass units 33 are disposed on the bypass area BP, and the third bypass units 33 are arranged in series. Between the first bypass unit 31 and the second bypass unit 32, a series connection is formed between the first bypass unit 31, the second bypass unit 32, and the third bypass units 33. The structure of the bypass unit 3 is the same as that of the first battery unit 21, so there is no mention here. The second electrode 211 of the first battery unit 21 is coupled to the second electrode 321 of the second bypass unit 32 by a wire 4b. The second electrode 221 of the second battery unit 22 is connected by a wire 4a. The second electrode 311 is coupled to one of the first bypass units 31. Preferably, the wires 4a and 4b are made of a conductive material such as a metal such as copper or silver. As described above, when the solar cell module 100 is normally powered, current flows from the first battery unit 21 to the second battery unit 22 via the third battery units 23. However, when the third battery cells 23 are shielded and have no photoelectric effect, the current flowing from the n-type semiconductor to the p-type semiconductor is equivalent to forming a reverse bias and cannot pass, so that the first battery unit 21 is The current cannot flow to the second battery unit 22; at this time, the present invention uses the wire 4b to conduct current from the second electrode 211 of the first battery unit 21 to the second electrode 321 of the bypass unit 32. 'Circulating the current from the p-type semiconductor to the n-type semi-conducting 201244130 body, that is, passing through the third bypass unit 33 in the forward direction of the bias flow, and by the first bypass unit 31 The two electrodes 311 bring the current k to the second electrode 221 of the first battery unit 22. As described above, the present invention produces the effect of bypassing the diode by connecting the solar cells in reverse, so that when the solar cell module is shielded, the current can be overshadowed by the bypass unit. The & points, ^ will not cause the shaded battery unit to generate two hot spots due to the reverse bias to generate hot spots, thereby reducing the overall efficiency loss of the solar module, and also improving the reliability and durability of the solar cell module. . Please refer to the third figure. The third figure is a schematic diagram of the coupling of the wires of the solar cell module according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a first battery unit is used. 5.1 is coupled to a second bypass unit 62 by a wire 4d, and a second battery unit 52 is coupled to a first bypass unit 61 by another wire 4c. Therefore, when the two battery cells 53 are shielded The current flows from the first power unit 51 to the second bypass unit 62, flows to the first bypass unit 61 through the second third bypass unit 63, and finally flows to the second battery unit 52. In this embodiment, a first battery unit 5-11 is coupled to a second bypass unit 62 by a wire 4f, and a third electrical unit 52 is coupled by another wire. Up to a first bypass unit 61, so that when the second cell, the cell f element 53, is shielded, current is passed from the first battery unit 51, the second bypass unit 62, and through the second third bypass unit 63. The flow-passing unit 61'' finally flows to the second battery unit 52. Wherein, when a plurality of sets of bypass wires are arranged in the solar cell, if the second spring 4d wood and the guide are disposed in the same-bypass unit, the shunting occurs under the unshielded operation of the battery, and the solar cell is lowered. Xi can, therefore, the same bypass unit must avoid setting two sets of bypass wires. Referring to the fourth figure, the fourth figure is a 201244130 solar energy battery module guiding unit 71 of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the -th battery unit 75 is coupled to a second bypass unit 82 at another start, and the battery unit 375 can be connected to a first bypass unit 8 When the battery unit 71 is shielded, current can flow from the element 81 to the battery second bypass unit 82 and the first bypass unit of the second electric & H (four) 'the battery The unit 75 is equivalent to the battery unit 72, 74, 74 of the present invention, and the phase unit 84L3 is switched to a second bypass bypass unit it 83, two 76 by a wire 4j; the wire 4i is coupled to a first When the current can be from the electricity, also: in the battery sheet 70 74, 75 is shielded by the - bypass single it 83, 1 early 73 second bypass single it 84 and the element 73 is equivalent to the power generation ^ ^ 76. At this time, the battery unit 75 is equivalent to the present invention, and the battery unit 74, which is further connected to the present embodiment, provides a staggered wire to reduce the electric power, the second and the second cutting unit, and thus the τ portion. The battery unit is as = system = 2 2 ==?:; bypass unit; side = warm high heat. However, the third ^^兀^ will not be high when it is shaded, but it can also be changed according to the needs of the user, and is not limited to the coupling method of the present embodiment. 201244130 The gentleman structure can also change the outer 'active layer stacking ^ Feng _ two crystal i far from the example of the p-type semiconductor · essence layer _ η. What can it be? Stacking structure of type semiconductor and n-type semi-conductor, if solar energy with bypass diode structure can be used to separate the battery into a bypass unit, and the material of the active layer is made of material, ΙΠΑ·νΑ In addition, the stacked structure of the active layer can be stacked as early as possible, and is not limited to the stacking of one battery cells. The above-mentioned use value can be known from the above embodiments of the present invention. However, on the eve of the present day, it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is merely an example of the present invention, which is described in the technical field of the present invention; The invention is based on the invention of the present invention. However, the first embodiment of the present invention is a solar electric diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the H ath segment and the b _ b segment; the second embodiment is a schematic diagram of the solar cell module wire coupling of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention; and the fourth figure is the present invention The solar cell module wire coupling diagram of the third preferred embodiment 201244130 [Main component symbol description] 100 solar cell module 1 substrate 2 battery cell 21 first battery cell 211 second electrode 212 active layer 213 first electrode 22 Second battery unit 23 third battery unit 3 bypass unit 31 first bypass unit 311 second electrode 32 second bypass unit 321 second electrode 33 third bypass unit 4a, 4b, 4c , 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j wires 51, 51, first battery cells 52, 52, second battery cells 53, 53, battery cells 61, 61, first bypass unit 12 201244130 62, 62, second bypass unit 63, 63, third bypass unit 71 first battery unit 72, 73 '74, 75 battery unit 76 second battery unit 81 first bypass unit 82 second bypass unit 83 first Bypass unit 84 second bypass unit PV power generation zone BP bypass zone 13