201239436 六、發明說明： 相關甲請案之交又弓丨用 本申請案主張申請於則年"u日之美國臨時申 請案第61/431，517號之優先權權益，本文依據該臨時申 請案之内容且將該臨時申請案之内容以全文引用之方式 併入本文。 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本揭不案有關於光學連接器，且特別是有關於具有具 相對傾斜平面之透鏡的光學連接器。 〃 【先前技術】 越來越多地，光纖用於各種應用，該等應用包含伸不 限於寬頻語音、影像及資料傳輸之應用。隨著消費性裝 置越來越多地使用更多的頻寬，預期用於該等裝置之連 接器將遠離電子式連接且朝向使用光學式連接或電子式 與光學式連接之組合以符合頻寬需求。 -般而言’用於通訊網路等等之f知光學連接器並不 適合用於消費性電子裝置。舉例而言，當f知光學連接 器與消費性裝置及消費性裝置之介面相比，習知光學連 接器為相對地龐大H f知光學連接器需要極為小 心地且在相當乾淨的環境中部署，且在連接之前通常需 要由工藝清潔習知光學連接器。該等光學連接器為經設 計以減低光學網路中插配連接器之間的插人損耗之高精 201239436 密連接器。此外，雖然通訊網路中使用的光學連接器為 可重置的（亦即，適用於插配/不插配），該等光學連接器 並非旨在用於通常與消費性電子裝置有關的相當大量之 插配循環次數。 除了以相當大量之插配/不插配循環次數操作之外，消 費性電子裝置經常用於污染物普遍存在的環境中。因 此’用於消費性電子裝置之光學連接器必須經設計為使 得任何進入光學連接器之污染物（例如，灰塵、污垢、碎 片、流體等）不會實質上減低光學連接器效能。 此外，光學連接器須經設計為使得反射光不會返回至 光源，且使得多重反射不會造成可能損害系統效能之干 涉效應。藉由對光學路徑中的面施加抗反射塗層可減低 光學反射之損害影響《然而，如此抗反射塗層增加光學 連接器之複雜度及成本。 另一個減低光學反射之已知方法為在光學面之間提供 折射率匹配流體。然而，在應用上使用折射率匹配流體 並不實際，其中在光學面介接處連接器需要反覆地連接 與斷開連接。因此，希望在不使用抗反射塗層或折射率 匹配流體的情況下，具有一種本質上抑制光學反射之不 利影響之光學連接器。 再者’某些消費性電子裝置對於進行連接具有尺寸與 空間限制且未必適合直接光學連接，使得亦希望一種具 有彎曲處的光學連接器。 201239436 【發明内容】 本揭示案之-態樣為一種用以將至少一個光源光學上 連接至至少—個光接收器之光學連接器。光學連接器包 含第:連接器構件及第二連接器構件1 —連接器構件 及第一連接盗構件分別具有第一正功率透鏡元件及第二 正功率透鏡元件，第—正功率透鏡元件及第二正功率透 鏡70件分別具有第—平透鏡面及第二平透鏡面。安排該 =透鏡元件於該等透鏡元件之各自的連接器構件中，使 得當兩個連接器構件可操作插配時，第一透鏡及第二透 鏡形成—個光學系統，該光學系統當中卜平透鏡面及 第二平透鏡面之間具有一個狹窄間隙於其中而使第一平 透鏡面及第二平透鏡面相對分離，且第—平透鏡面及第 二平透鏡面不與光學系統軸垂直。透鏡可為具有凸面之 習知均勻折射率透鏡或可為具有兩平面之漸變折射率透 鏡。光學連接器可容忍可進人至該狹窄間隙之污染物。 本揭示案之另一態樣為一種用以將光源光學地連接至 光接收器之光學連接器。該光學連接器包含第一連接器 構件1¾第-連接器構件具有第__前部份，該第一前部 份具有第-前端，且該光學連㈣包含配置於該第一前 部份之第-透鏡，該第一透鏡具有第一軸、第一正光功 率以及第一平面’該第-平面最靠近該第一前端。該光 學連接器亦包含第二連接器構件，該第二連接器構件具 有第二前部份，該第二前部份具有第二前端，且該光學 201239436 連接态包含配置於該第二前部份之第二透鏡’該第二透 鏡具有第二^ —神、弟二正光功率以及第二平面，該第二平 ^ 第一則鳊。經由插配接合第一前端及第二前 端而开7成光學連接器，以形成光學线，該光學系統具 有由第一轴及第二軸所形成的光軸，該第一平面及該第 一平面為相對而彼此分離，且該第一平面及該第二平面 呈傾斜而不與該光學系統轴垂直。 曷示案之另一態樣為一種於至少一光源與至少一光 接收器之間形成光學連接之方法。該方法包含以下步 驟將第-連接器構件連接至第二連接器構件，該第一 連接器構件具有至少—第—透鏡，該至少—第—透鏡具 正功率及第-平面，㈣第：連接器構件具有至 '第一透鏡，該至少一第二透鏡具有第2光功率及第 平面。連接第-連接器構件與第二連接器構件，由該 至少一第一透鏡及該至少一第二透鏡形成至少一光學系 、’先"該第一平面及該第二平面為相對而彼此分離且該第 平面及該第一平面呈傾斜而不垂直於對應的光學系统 轴。該方法亦包含以下步驟：經由該至少一光學系統， 通過來自該至少一光源的光至該至少一光接收器。 本揭示案之另-態樣為-種用以從光源傳遞操作波長 之光至光接U之光學連接^。該光學連接器包含第一 連接器構件，該第一連接器構件具有第一前部份及第一 後部份，該第一前部份具有第—前端，第一透鏡設置於 該第-前部份中，該第-透鏡具㈣—正光功率及第一 201239436 ” 平面相鄰於該第一前端，該第一透鏡具有 第焦平面及第一透鏡軸。該光學連接器亦包含第二連 ，益構件，該第二連接器構件具有第二前部份及第二後 Μ ’該第：前部份具有第：前端，第：透鏡設置於該 第前。ρ伤中，該第二透鏡具有第二正光功率及第二平 面，該第二平面相鄰於該第二前端，該第二透鏡具有第 二焦平面及第二透鏡軸。該第一前部份及該第二前部份 :配置以插配接合而由該第一透鏡及該第二透鏡形成光 子系統纟中該光學系統具有光學系統軸，豸光學系統 軸由共軸的該第—透鏡軸及該第二透鏡軸所定義，該第 平面及該第二平面為相對且彼此分離，且該第一平面 及該第二平面呈傾斜而不與該光軸垂直。 額外特徵與優點將記載於以下的詳細描述中，且對於 本項域熟知技藝者而言，從該描述或藉由實踐本文之描 述而月瞭’分地將是顯而易見的，包含以下的詳細描 述、申請專利範圍以及附加圖式。 應瞭解到則述一般性描述及以下詳細描述兩者呈現旨 在提供用於瞭解中請專利範圍之本質及特徵之概述或框 架之實施例。本文含有附圖以提供進一步瞭解本揭示 案，且圖式結合至本說明書並構成本說明書之一部份。 圖式,’.s示各種貫施例，且圖式與描述一起作為解釋原理 與操作。 【實施方式】 201239436 第1圖為根據本揭示案包含光學連接器ι〇之連接器组 ::0範例的側視圖。第2圖為第I圖之連接器组件之 口予連接器10範例的特寫、縱向㈣面視圖。光學連接 器10包含具有相似（但不必相同）结構的第一插配連接器 構件12A與第二㈣連接器構件12卜為了便於描述， 連接器構件12A在本文稱作「插頭（plug)12A」且連接器 構件UB在本文稱作「插座㈣咖叫咖」。應注意到 此術》。，、疋一個選擇的問題且可以相反。此外，在圖式 中，除非另有指示，光從左行進到右。 連接器組件100包含插頭光纖纜線110A及插座光纖 纜線hob，插頭光纖纜線110八及插座光纖纜線n〇B 刀别連接至光學連接器10之插頭12A及插座12B。插 頭光纖纜線11 0Α及插座光纖纜線i i 〇Β分別承載至少一 個插頭光纖32Α及至少一個插座光纖32Ββ連接器組件 1 〇〇包含各自的應變消除構件（罩）112Α及112Β，應變消 除構件（罩）11 2A及11 2B覆蓋連接器組件當中光纖纜線 u〇A及光纖纜線11〇B分別介接插頭12A及插座12B處 的各自部份。201239436 VI. Description of the invention: The application for the case of the relevant A case is also based on the application of the application for the priority of US Provisional Application No. 61/431,517 in the year of the United States. The content of the case and the contents of this provisional application are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to optical connectors, and more particularly to optical connectors having lenses having relatively inclined planes. 〃 [Prior Art] More and more, fiber optics are used in a variety of applications, including applications that are not limited to broadband voice, video, and data transmission. As consumer devices increasingly use more bandwidth, it is expected that connectors for such devices will be remote from the electronic connection and will be oriented towards the use of optical connections or a combination of electronic and optical connections to match the bandwidth. demand. In general, the optical connector for communication networks and the like is not suitable for use in consumer electronic devices. For example, conventional optical connectors are relatively bulky Hf optical connectors that require extreme care and are deployed in a relatively clean environment when compared to interfaces between consumer devices and consumer devices. And conventional optical connectors are typically cleaned by the process prior to joining. These optical connectors are high precision 201239436 connectors that are designed to reduce the insertion loss between the mating connectors in the optical network. Moreover, while the optical connectors used in communication networks are resettable (i.e., suitable for mating/non-mating), such optical connectors are not intended for use in a substantial amount typically associated with consumer electronic devices. The number of mating cycles. In addition to operating with a relatively large number of mating/non-mating cycles, consumer electronics are often used in environments where contaminants are ubiquitous. Thus, optical connectors for consumer electronic devices must be designed such that any contaminants (e.g., dust, dirt, debris, fluids, etc.) that enter the optical connector do not substantially reduce the effectiveness of the optical connector. In addition, the optical connector must be designed such that reflected light does not return to the source, and multiple reflections do not cause interference effects that may compromise system performance. The effect of damage to optical reflections can be reduced by applying an anti-reflective coating to the faces in the optical path. However, such anti-reflective coatings add complexity and cost to the optical connector. Another known method of reducing optical reflection is to provide an index matching fluid between the optical faces. However, it is not practical to use an index matching fluid in an application where the connector needs to be connected and disconnected repeatedly at the interface of the optical surface. Therefore, it is desirable to have an optical connector that substantially inhibits the adverse effects of optical reflection without using an anti-reflective coating or a refractive index matching fluid. Moreover, certain consumer electronic devices have size and space limitations for making connections and are not necessarily suitable for direct optical connections, so that an optical connector with bends is also desirable. 201239436 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present disclosure is an optical connector for optically connecting at least one light source to at least one of the light receivers. The optical connector includes: a connector member and a second connector member 1 - the connector member and the first connecting member respectively have a first positive power lens element and a second positive power lens element, a first positive power lens element and a first The two positive power lenses 70 have a first flat lens surface and a second flat lens surface, respectively. Arranging the = lens element in a respective connector member of the lens elements such that when the two connector members are operatively mated, the first lens and the second lens form an optical system in which the optical system A narrow gap is formed between the lens surface and the second flat lens surface to separate the first flat lens surface and the second flat lens surface, and the first flat lens surface and the second flat lens surface are not perpendicular to the optical system axis . The lens may be a conventional uniform refractive index lens having a convex surface or may be a graded refractive index lens having two planes. The optical connector can tolerate contaminants that can enter the narrow gap. Another aspect of the present disclosure is an optical connector for optically connecting a light source to a light receiver. The optical connector includes a first connector member 126. The first connector member has a first _ front portion, the first front portion has a first front end, and the optical connector (4) includes a first front portion a first lens having a first axis, a first positive optical power, and a first plane 'the first plane closest to the first front end. The optical connector also includes a second connector member having a second front portion, the second front portion having a second front end, and the optical 201239436 connection state includes being disposed on the second front portion The second lens of the second lens has a second positive light and a second plane, the second flat first. Opening an optical connector by inserting a first front end and a second front end via a mating to form an optical line, the optical system having an optical axis formed by the first axis and the second axis, the first plane and the first The planes are opposite each other and the first plane and the second plane are inclined without being perpendicular to the axis of the optical system. Another aspect of the illustration is a method of forming an optical connection between at least one light source and at least one light receiver. The method includes the steps of connecting a first connector member to a second connector member, the first connector member having at least a first lens having a positive power and a first plane, (iv) a: connection The device member has a 'first lens, the at least one second lens having a second optical power and a first plane. Connecting the first connector member and the second connector member, the at least one first lens and the at least one second lens forming at least one optical system, 'first' and the first plane and the second plane are opposite to each other Separating and the first plane and the first plane are inclined and not perpendicular to the corresponding optical system axis. The method also includes the step of passing light from the at least one light source to the at least one light receiver via the at least one optical system. Another aspect of the present disclosure is an optical connection for transmitting light of an operating wavelength from a light source to a photo-contact U. The optical connector includes a first connector member having a first front portion and a first rear portion, the first front portion having a first front end, the first lens being disposed on the first front In some embodiments, the first lens device (four)-positive light power and the first 201239436" plane are adjacent to the first front end, the first lens has a first focal plane and a first lens axis. The optical connector also includes a second connection The second connector member has a second front portion and a second back Μ 'the first portion: the front portion has a first: front end, and the first: the lens is disposed at the front side. The ρ injury, the second lens Having a second positive light power and a second plane adjacent to the second front end, the second lens having a second focal plane and a second lens axis. The first front portion and the second front portion Configuring a photonic system by the first lens and the second lens in a mating engagement, wherein the optical system has an optical system axis, and the optical system axis is coaxial with the first lens axis and the second lens axis Defining that the first plane and the second plane are opposite and opposite each other And the first plane and the second plane are inclined without being perpendicular to the optical axis. Additional features and advantages will be described in the following detailed description, and from this description or by those skilled in the art, It is to be understood that the following descriptions of the invention are intended to be BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a .s shows various embodiments, and the drawings together with the description serve as an explanation principle and operation. [Embodiment] 201239436 FIG. 1 is a side view of a connector group including an optical connector according to the present disclosure: 0 Figure 2 is a close-up, longitudinal (four) side view of an example of the connector connector 10 of the connector assembly of Figure 1. The optical connector 10 includes similar (but not necessarily identical) structures. First mating connector member 12A and second (four) connector member 12 For ease of description, connector member 12A is referred to herein as a "plug 12A" and connector member UB is referred to herein as a "socket (four) coffee call coffee". It should be noted that this technique. , 疋 a question of choice and can be the opposite. Further, in the drawings, light travels from left to right unless otherwise indicated. The connector assembly 100 includes a plug fiber optic cable 110A and a receptacle fiber optic cable hob, and the plug fiber optic cable 110 and the receptacle fiber optic cable n〇B are connected to the plug 12A and the socket 12B of the optical connector 10. The plug optical fiber cable 110 插座 and the receptacle optical fiber cable ii 〇Β respectively carry at least one plug optical fiber 32 Α and at least one receptacle optical fiber 32 Β β connector assembly 1 〇〇 includes respective strain relief members (covers) 112 Α and 112 Β, strain relief members ( The cover 1 11A and 11 2B cover the connector assembly with the optical fiber cable u〇A and the optical fiber cable 11〇B respectively interfacing the respective portions of the plug 12A and the socket 12B.
參看第2圖’插頭12A包含插頭外殼14A，插頭外殼 14A具有插頭外殼主體16A，插頭外殼主體16A擁有具 有前端1 8A之前部份1 7A，以及相對的後部份20A。同 樣地，插座12B包含插座外殼14B，插座外殼14B具有 插座外殼主體16B，插座外殼主體16B擁有具有前端i8B 之前部份1 7B，以及相對的後部份20B。插頭主體16A 10 201239436 及插座主體1 6B經配置以定義各自的插頭腔室6〇A及插 座腔室60B。 插頭12A及插座12B具有插頭12a及插座12B之各 自的前部份1 7A及1 7B，前部份丨7a及丨7B經配置以於 插頭12A及插座12B之各自的前端18A及18B處插配 接合，以建立插頭及插座之間在一或更多個光路徑上的 光學通訊，如以下所述。 在一個範例中，插頭主體16A及插座主體16B經配置 以在插頭主體16A及插座主體16B之各自的後部份2〇A 及20B處支撐至少一個插頭套圈24A及至少一個插座套 圈24B。插頭套圈24A及插座套圈24B具有各自的前端 26A及26B以及各自的中心孔28A及28B。套圈中心孔 28 A及28B的大小各自調整為容納各自的插頭光纖32A 及插座光纖32B，插頭光纖32A及插座光纖32B具有各 自的端面34A及34B，端面34A及34B分別坐落於或接 近套圈前端26A及26B。插頭光纖32A及插座光纖32B 具有各自的縱向光纖轴AFA及AFB(見第3圖與第4 圖）。縱向光纖軸AFA大致上代表光源軸且縱向光纖轴 AFB大致上代表光接收器轴。 同樣地’插頭主體16A及插座主體16B分別經配置以 在插頭主體16A及插座主體16B之各自的前部份17A及 17B處支樓至少一個插頭透鏡4〇a及至少一個插座透鏡 40B。插頭透鏡4〇a及插座透鏡4〇B具有各自的焦平面 PA及PB ’焦平面PA及PB位於插頭透鏡40A及插座透 201239436 鏡40B之各自的後部份2〇a及20B，例如，位於或接近 套圈前端26A及26B。插頭透鏡40A及插座透鏡4〇B亦 具有各自的透鏡軸AA及AB(見第3圖與第4圖）。當插 頭12A與插座12B經插配而形成光學連接器1〇時，插 頭透鏡40A及插座透鏡40B形成光學系統41。焦平面 PA及PB亦作為光學系統焦平面。 如以下所討論’當結合形成光學系統41時，焦平面 PA及PB不需要彼此平行。此外在一個範例中，光大體 上聚集之焦平面PA及PB大致上代表光學系統41之最 佳聚焦位置’且焦平面PA及PB未必代表光成為點狀聚 焦之位置。因此，可將焦平面PA及pb想成是光學系統 4 1之像平面’其中安置於焦（像）平面pA處的光源成像 至在焦（像）平面PB處的光接收器上。 在一個範例中，插頭透鏡40A及插座透鏡40B中之至 少一者由單一光學元件組成’而在另一個範例中，插頭 透鏡及插座透鏡中之至少一者由多個光學元件組成。 在一個範例中，插頭光纖32A及插座光纖32B分別安 置於插頭套圈24A及插座套圈24B中，使得光纖端面 34A及34B從各自的套圈前端26A及26B延伸進入各自 的插頭腔室60A及插座腔室60B。因此，插頭光纖32A 及插座光纖32B之各自的光纖端面34 A及34B與各自的 插頭透鏡40A及插座透鏡40B隔開來且大致上設置於各 自的焦平面PA及PB處。因此，經由操作光學系統4 1， 大致上代表光源及光接收器之插頭光纖32A及插座光纖 12 201239436 32B透過各自的插頭腔室60A及插座腔室6GB而彼此光 學通訊。 在一個範例中，插頭腔室60A及插座腔室60B由空氣 填充，而在其他的範例中，該等腔室由另一種類型的氣 體填充’或由對於光學連接器1〇之操作波長為可穿透的 固態或流體或膠體狀介電材料填充。光學連接器1〇之操 作波長範例包含光學通訊波長為850 nm、1310 nm與 15 5 0 nm中的—或更多個。其他操作波長範例包含與垂 腔式面射型雷射（vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers’ VCSELS)有關的波長，例如針對矽基光源為98〇 nm與1〇6〇 nm以及13〇〇 nm與16〇〇 nm。在一個範例中， 光學連接器10之操作波長在約850nm至約160〇11111的 範圍中。光學連接器1〇可於多個操作波長下操作。 第3圖為光學系統4丨伴隨插頭光纖3 2 a及插座光纖 32B的特寫視圖。當經由插配連接插頭12A與插座12B 而形成光學系統41時，插頭透鏡4〇a及插座透鏡4〇B 之透鏡軸AA及AB為實質上共轴且定義共同光學系統 轴Ah插頭光纖32A及插座光纖32B之光纖端面34A 及34B實質上坐落於各自的焦平面pA及pb。 在一個範例中’插頭透鏡4〇A包含凸前面42A及平後 面44A，凸前面42A面向插頭後部份2〇A ,平後面44A 位於插頭前端18A。插座透鏡4〇b包含平前面42A及凸Referring to Fig. 2, the plug 12A includes a plug housing 14A having a plug housing main body 16A, and the plug housing main body 16A has a front portion 17A having a front end 18A and an opposite rear portion 20A. Similarly, the socket 12B includes a socket housing 14B having a socket housing body 16B having a front portion 17B having a front end i8B and an opposite rear portion 20B. The plug body 16A 10 201239436 and the socket body 16B are configured to define respective plug chambers 6A and 60B. The plug 12A and the socket 12B have respective front portions 17A and 17B of the plug 12a and the socket 12B, and the front portions 7a and 7B are configured to be mated at the respective front ends 18A and 18B of the plug 12A and the socket 12B. Engage to establish optical communication between the plug and the socket over one or more optical paths, as described below. In one example, the plug body 16A and the socket body 16B are configured to support at least one plug ferrule 24A and at least one socket ferrule 24B at respective rear portions 2A and 20B of the plug body 16A and the socket body 16B. Plug ferrule 24A and socket ferrule 24B have respective front ends 26A and 26B and respective center holes 28A and 28B. The ferrule center holes 28 A and 28B are each sized to accommodate respective plug fibers 32A and receptacle fibers 32B. The plug fibers 32A and the receptacle fibers 32B have respective end faces 34A and 34B, and the end faces 34A and 34B are respectively located at or near the ferrule. Front ends 26A and 26B. The plug fiber 32A and the receptacle fiber 32B have respective longitudinal fiber axes AFA and AFB (see Figures 3 and 4). The longitudinal fiber axis AFA generally represents the source axis and the longitudinal fiber axis AFB generally represents the light receiver axis. Similarly, the plug body 16A and the socket body 16B are respectively configured to support at least one of the plug lens 4A and the at least one socket lens 40B at the respective front portions 17A and 17B of the plug body 16A and the socket body 16B. The plug lens 4A and the socket lens 4B have their respective focal planes PA and PB. The focal planes PA and PB are located in the rear portions 2〇a and 20B of the plug lens 40A and the socket through the 10429436 mirror 40B, for example, Or close to the ferrule front ends 26A and 26B. The plug lens 40A and the receptacle lens 4B also have respective lens axes AA and AB (see Figs. 3 and 4). When the plug 12A and the socket 12B are mated to form the optical connector 1B, the plug lens 40A and the socket lens 40B form the optical system 41. The focal planes PA and PB also serve as focal planes for the optical system. As discussed below, when combined to form the optical system 41, the focal planes PA and PB need not be parallel to each other. Further, in one example, the focal planes PA and PB that are concentrated on the light generally represent the optimum focus position of the optical system 41 and the focal planes PA and PB do not necessarily represent the locations where the light is spotted. Therefore, the focal planes PA and pb can be thought of as the image plane of the optical system 41. The light source disposed at the focal (image) plane pA is imaged onto the light receiver at the focal (image) plane PB. In one example, at least one of the plug lens 40A and the receptacle lens 40B is comprised of a single optical component. In another example, at least one of the plug lens and the receptacle lens is comprised of a plurality of optical components. In one example, the plug fiber 32A and the receptacle fiber 32B are disposed in the plug ferrule 24A and the socket ferrule 24B, respectively, such that the fiber end faces 34A and 34B extend from the respective ferrule front ends 26A and 26B into the respective plug chambers 60A and Socket chamber 60B. Therefore, the respective fiber end faces 34 A and 34B of the plug optical fiber 32A and the receptacle optical fiber 32B are spaced apart from the respective plug lenses 40A and the receptacle lens 40B and are provided substantially at the respective focal planes PA and PB. Therefore, the plug optical fiber 32A and the receptacle optical fiber 12 201239436 32B, which substantially represent the light source and the light receiver, are optically communicated with each other via the respective plug chamber 60A and the socket chamber 6GB via the operating optical system 4 1. In one example, plug cavity 60A and receptacle cavity 60B are filled with air, while in other examples, the chambers are filled with another type of gas' or by an operating wavelength for optical connector 1 A penetrating solid or fluid or colloidal dielectric material is filled. An example of the operating wavelength of an optical connector 1 includes optical communication wavelengths of 850 nm, 1310 nm, and 15 50 nm—or more. Other operating wavelength examples include wavelengths associated with vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELS), such as 98 〇 nm and 1 〇 6 〇 nm and 13 〇〇 nm for 矽-based sources. 16〇〇nm. In one example, optical connector 10 has an operating wavelength in the range of from about 850 nm to about 160 〇 11111. The optical connector 1 can operate at multiple operating wavelengths. Figure 3 is a close-up view of the optical system 4A with the plug fiber 32 a and the receptacle fiber 32B. When the optical system 41 is formed by connecting the plug 12A and the socket 12B via the mating, the lens axes AA and AB of the plug lens 4A and the socket lens 4B are substantially coaxial and define a common optical system axis Ah plug optical fiber 32A and The fiber ends 34A and 34B of the receptacle fiber 32B are substantially located at respective focal planes pA and pb. In one example, the plug lens 4A includes a convex front face 42A and a flat rear face 44A, the convex front face 42A faces the plug rear portion 2A, and the flat rear face 44A is located at the plug front end 18A. Socket lens 4〇b includes flat front face 42A and convex
後面44B ’平前面42A位於插座前端丨8B，凸後面44B 面向插座後部份20B。當插頭12A與插座12B於插頭12A 13 201239436 、*座1 之各自的剛端1 8A及1 處插配接合以形成 光學連接器10時，插頭透鏡40A之平後面44A與插座 透鏡40B之平前面42A為相對的且分隔開來以定義間隙 48。在一個範例中，間隙48具有25微米與1〇〇微米之 間的軸寬WA(見第7圖）。注意當光學連接器10未連接 時，由於平透鏡面44A及42B坐落於各自的插頭前端 18A及插座前端18B且當插頭12A與插座i2B未連接時 平透鏡面44A及42B被曝露出，平透鏡面44A及42B 可視為外部面。 在個範例中’相對的平透鏡面44A及42B對於光學 系統軸A1呈傾斜（夾角）（亦即，並非垂直於光學系統軸 A1)且平透鏡面44A及42B彼此平行。第4圖相似於第 3圖，且第4圖圖解光學系統41之一個實施範例，其中 相對的平透鏡面44A及42B既不彼此平行也不垂直於光 學系統轴A1。 針對透鏡40Α及40Β之材料範例包含如透鏡設計領域 中熟知技藝者所使用的p〇lyetheremide((PBl)，由通用電 氣公司於商標名稱ULTEM® 1010下所販售）、聚甲基丙 烯酸酯（PolyMethylMethacrylate)、玻璃（包含紐約州康 丁 康寧公司之商標Gorilla® glass)、塑膠、二氧化石夕 /Germania 玻璃（Silica/Germania glass)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 與甲基丙烯酸节醋（MethylMethacrylate with Benzyl Methacrylate)以及該等之組合。在以下更詳細討論的範 例中’至少一個透鏡40A及40B為漸變折射率（GRIN) 201239436 光學元件，針對漸變折射率光學元件之一個示範性材料 為上述二氧化石夕/Germania玻璃（例如，摻雜錯之二氧化 矽）玻璃。具有至少一個GRIN透鏡之光學連接器10的 範例在以下有更詳細的討論。 透鏡設計參數範例列於以下的表1及表2中。表1及 表2中提出的範例採用均勻折射率透鏡。然而，本揭示 案亦可應用於其他透鏡類型，例如上述GRIN透鏡。於 以下的表1及表2中，使用以下縮寫：操作波長為λ， 光纖芯部直徑為Dc (Dca、Dcb)，光纖數值孔徑為NAa 及NAb，自光纖32A至透鏡40A之頂點的距離為DVA， 透鏡40A及40B之直徑為DA及DB，軸間隙寬度為WA， 透鏡40A及40B之軸厚度為THA及THB，自透鏡40B 之頂點至光纖32B的距離為DVB，光纖32B之光纖轴The rear 44B 'flat front face 42A is located at the front end of the socket 丨 8B, and the convex rear face 44B faces the rear portion 20B of the socket. When the plug 12A and the socket 12B are matingly engaged at the respective rigid ends 18A and 1 of the plug 12A 13 201239436 and the * seat 1 to form the optical connector 10, the flat front face 44A of the plug lens 40A and the flat front face of the receptacle lens 40B are provided. 42A are opposite and spaced apart to define a gap 48. In one example, the gap 48 has an axial width WA between 25 microns and 1 micron (see Figure 7). Note that when the optical connector 10 is not connected, since the flat lens faces 44A and 42B are seated at the respective plug front end 18A and the socket front end 18B and the flat lens faces 44A and 42B are exposed when the plug 12A and the socket i2B are not connected, the flat lens face is exposed. 44A and 42B can be considered external faces. In the example, the opposite flat lens faces 44A and 42B are inclined (angular) to the optical system axis A1 (i.e., not perpendicular to the optical system axis A1) and the flat lens faces 44A and 42B are parallel to each other. Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, and Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the optical system 41 in which the opposing flat lens faces 44A and 42B are neither parallel to each other nor perpendicular to the optical system axis A1. Examples of materials for lenses 40A and 40A include p〇lyetheremide ((PBl), sold under the trade name ULTEM® 1010 by General Electric Company), polymethacrylate (for sale under the trade name ULTEM® 1010). PolyMethylMethacrylate), glass (including Gorilla® glass, a trademark of Kangding Corning, NY), plastic, Silica/Germania glass, methyl methacrylate and methacrylate Methacrylate) and combinations of these. In the examples discussed in more detail below, 'at least one of the lenses 40A and 40B is a graded index (GRIN) 201239436 optical element, and one exemplary material for the graded index optical element is the above-described dioxide/Germania glass (eg, blended) Miscellaneous cerium oxide) glass. An example of an optical connector 10 having at least one GRIN lens is discussed in more detail below. Examples of lens design parameters are listed in Tables 1 and 2 below. The examples presented in Tables 1 and 2 employ uniform refractive index lenses. However, the present disclosure is also applicable to other lens types, such as the GRIN lens described above. In Tables 1 and 2 below, the following abbreviations are used: the operating wavelength is λ, the core diameter of the fiber is Dc (Dca, Dcb), the numerical aperture of the fiber is NAa and NAb, and the distance from the apex of the fiber 32A to the lens 40A is DVA, lenses 40A and 40B have diameters DA and DB, axis gap width is WA, lenses 40A and 40B have THA and THB, and the distance from the apex of lens 40B to fiber 32B is DVB, and the fiber axis of fiber 32B
AFB相對於光軸A1的側向偏移為LATB，光纖軸AFB 相對於光學系統轴A1之相對角度為p，以及透鏡40A 及40B之折射率為《Α及。 表格1 : ΘΛ = ΘΒ之光學系統範例設計參數 參數 數值/單位 Λ 850 nm Dca = Dcb 0.080 mm NAa = NAb 0.29 DVA 0.500 mm THA 0.400 mm DA = DB 0.600 mm WA 0.040 mm THA 0.400 mm DVB 0.500 mm 15 201239436 LATB 0 mm Φ 0.2度 «Α = «Β 1.6395 ΘΑ = ΘΒ 3度 透鏡面42Α 曲率半徑：0.3865 mm 配方 圓錐常數：-3.9636 二階非球面係數：0.2410 mm_2 四階非球面係數：-0.4297 mm_4 透鏡面44Β 曲率半徑：-0.3865 mm 配方 圓錐常數：-3.9636 二階非球面係數：-0.2410 mm—2 四階非球面係數：0.4297 mm_4 表格2 : ΘΑ# ΘΒ之光學系統範例設計參數 參數 數值/單位 八 850 nm 〇ca = 〇cb 0.080 mm NAa = NAb 0.29 DVA 0.500 mm THA 0.400 mm DA = DB 0.600 mm WA 0.040 mm THB 0.400 mm DVB 0.500 mm LATB 0.020 mm Φ -u度 «A = «B 1.6395 16 201239436 ΘΑ> ΘΒ 6度、3度 透鏡面42A 曲率半徑：0.3865 mm 配方 圓錐常數：-3.9636 二階非球面係數：0.2410 _·2 四階非球面係數：-0.4297 mm·4 透鏡面44B 曲率半徑：-0.3865 mm 配方 圓錐常數：-3.9636 二階非球面係數：-0.2410 mm_2 四階非球面係數：0.4297 mm·4 若光學系統41是用以耦合相同光纖之間的光丨2〇，則 希望光學系統41具有單位放大率。然而，光學系統4工 不需要具有單位放大率。可由例如凸透鏡面42A及44β 使用不同曲率半徑來達到非單位放大率之放大率。 光學系統41可具有非單位的放大率之一個範例是當 光源為主動發光裝置（例如半導體雷射）且光接收器為光 纖時。半導體雷射相較於光纖芯部大致具有較小的橫截 面’且半導體雷射相較於光纖接收角亦大致具有更大的 發散角。在如此情況下’光學系統41可具有大於一之放 大率，放大率範例為1.5X至3X的範圍中。 光學系統41可且右韭留& & &丄士 八有非早位的放大率之另一個範例是 §光源為光纖且光接收^ 乂占、日^ ^士 丧收益為先偵測益時。光偵測器相較 於光纖芯部大致具有In、沾择莽二 啕孕父j的検截面，且光偵測器相較於 201239436 由光纖照射的光束之發散角具有更大的接收角。在如此 情況下，光學系統4 1可具有小於一之放大率，放大率範 例為僅低於IX至0·33X(亦即1:3)的範圍中。 光學系統4 1可具有非單位的放大率之另一個範例是 當相異的光纖或波導之間輕合時。在如此情況下，光學 系統41可具有大於或小於一之放大率，取決於發光與接 收光纖之相對特徵。應注意到為避免實質上光損耗，接 收光纖具有之光展量（Stendue)應等於或遠大於發光光纖 之光展量。 此外’在一個範例中’凸透鏡面42A及44B中之至少 一者為非球面的。 參考第1圖至第4圖’在連接器1〇之操作中，光ι2〇 從插頭12A傳遞至插座12B。當光12〇在插頭12A中識 別為光120A且當光120在插座12B中識別為光120B。 因此，在一個範例中，在插頭光纖32A中行進的光12〇A 離開實質上設置於焦平面PA處的插頭光纖端面34A， 且當光120A通過插頭腔室6〇A至插頭透鏡4〇A時光 120A發散。就此而言，插頭光纖端面34A作為光源。 在以下描述的實施例中，光源為主動裝置之形式，例如 為發光二極體或雷射。 然後發散光120A入射在透鏡面42A上且實質上經準 直藉此形成實質上準直光120A，準直光12〇A實質上平 行於光學系統軸A1行進穿過插頭透鏡4〇A。然後準直 光120A行進穿過傾斜的且平透鏡面44A以及穿過間隙 201239436 48至插頭透鏡40B之傾斜的且平透鏡面42B，藉此形成 實質上準直光120B。 當準直光120A通過間隙48時，由於傾斜的且平透鏡 面44A及42B，準直光120A有一些折射。然而，在相 對傾斜的且平透鏡面44A及42B為平行且插頭透鏡40A 及插座透鏡40B是由相同材料製成的情況下’組成準直 光120A之光束與組成準直光12〇]B之光束為實質上彼此 平行且僅有稍微彼此相對分開。亦注意到傾斜的且平透 鏡面44A及42B不具光功率，有關於可能存在於間隙 48中之污染物’傾斜的且平透鏡面44A及42]B不具光 功率為有益處的，如以下更詳細的描述。 然後實質上準直光120B行進穿過插座透鏡4〇B至插 座透鏡40B之凸透鏡面44B，其中準直光120B轉換成 會聚光120B’會聚光120B於端面34B處（實質上位於焦 平面PB)會聚至插座光纖32B上。在意義上，插座光纖 端面34B作為光學（光線）接收器。在一個例如圖解於第 11圖中之範例中，光纖端面34B由主動裝置（例如光偵 測器）取代。 在一個例如於第4圖中所示範例中，焦平面卩八及pB 中之至少一者相對於光學系統軸A1而傾斜，亦即，不 垂直於光學系統軸。因此’在—個實施範例中，光纖端 面3从及MB中之至少一者相對於光學系絲幻而傾 斜’亦即’光纖軸AFA & AFB中之至少—者相對於光 學系統軸A1以角度p而傾斜（見第4圖）。進—步在一個 19 201239436 範例中，光纖軸AFA « .„ ^ A AFA及AFB中之至少一者相對於光學 系、、先轴A1側向低孩 ㈣側向偏㈣離為LATmATB(於 无纖4面34A及占 Δρ. η 處測量）。在—個範例中，光纖軸 AFA及AFB中之5小 上 <至v —者相對於光學系統軸Ai傾斜且 偏移兩者，例如第4圖之範例中所圖解。 第5圖相似於第4圖’且第5圖圖示當間隙48由空氣 填充時光12 0經由氺與么β 1 1由先予糸統41自插頭光纖32A至插座 光纖3 2B之路徑。笙, ,、 第6圖相似於第5圖，且第6圖圖解 當間隙48由流體49填充時之範例，流體49為以水的形 式於知作波長850 nm下具有標稱折射率μ = i 33。 注意到當流體49存在時，光12〇之路徑維持實質上不改 變。此主要是因為傾斜的且平透鏡面似及42B不具光 =率。若透鏡© 44A及42B具有光功率，則間隙48中 流體49之存在將作為減小光功率且實質上改變光120 之路彳1此可貫質上減小光i 2〇B耦合進入插座光纖3 的量。由於傾斜的且平透鏡面44A及42B不具光功率， 間隙48中流體49之存在大致上對通過該間隙的光12〇 無實質影響。 第7圖為由插頭透鏡40A及插座透鏡4〇b形成的光學 系統41範例之特寫視圖，且第7圖圖示有關於插頭透鏡 40A之傾斜的且平透鏡面44A之角度ΘΑ以及有關於插 座透鏡40Β之傾斜的且平透鏡面42Β之角度0Β。相對 於與光學系統軸Α1垂直之線來測量角度θα及角度 ΘΒ ’且角度ΘΑ及角度ΘΒ透過幾何各自代表針對各自傾 20 201239436 斜的且平透鏡面44A及42B透鏡面法線ΝΑ及NB相對 於光學系統軸作出之角度。 在一個範例中，選擇角度ΘΑ及角度ΘΒ以最佳化光學 連接器10之效能，在一個範例中此意謂以下當中至少— 者：使插頭光纖32A及插座光纖32B之間的光耦合效率 最大化、使可進入插頭光纖與插座光纖之反射光量最小 化以及使由於間隙48中存在污染物而光耦合減低最小 化。使光返回插頭光纖32A之反射光可干涉原光源（未 圖示）之正常操作或者是損害原光源之正常操作，且進入 插座光纖32B之反射光可導致不想要的干涉效應順流， 例如’於光偵射器處（未圖示）。 為了使光學連接器10如此作最佳化，角度ΘΑ及角度 ΘΒ需要為足夠大以減小或消除來自傾斜的且平透鏡面 44Α及UB中之一者或兩者的光反射之不利影響，然角 度ΘΑ及角度ΘΒ亦需要足夠小使得間隙48中污染物之 存在不劇烈增加WA以及導致光相對於插座光纖軸AFB 以一個過大角度抵達插座光纖端34Β而使得光無法麵合 進入插座光纖32Β。 針對角度ΘΑ及角度ΘΒ之範圍取決於特定光學系統 10 ’例如光源之大小及發射角度、光接收器之大小及接 收角度以及插頭透鏡40Α之焦距與插座透鏡4〇Β之焦 距。針對表1及表2中呈現的光學系統範例，角度ΘΑ 及角度ΘΒ可在自2度至7度的範圍中，且絕對值θα_θβ 在自2度至4度的範圍中。亦注意到角度θα可大於或 21 201239436 小於角度ΘΒ。 第5圖圖示光學系統4 1之一個實施例，其中角度0 Α = 6度且角度ΘΑ = 3度。透鏡40A及40B由相同材料製成， 亦即上述ΡΕΙ，且於波長MO nm下具有折射率…=„β = 1.6395。光纖32Α及32Β為多模態，芯部直徑Dca = Dcb =80微米且數值孔徑nAa = NAb = 0.29。 苐8圖相似於第5圖，但第8圖圖示光120A係自傾 斜的且平透鏡面44A及42B反射以形成反射光12〇R1， 反射光120R1以返回光纖32A之方向行進。然而，傾斜 的且平透鏡面44A及KB之角度ΘΑ及角度ΘΒ為經選 擇而使得光120R1不進入光纖32Α。 第9圖相似於第8圖，且第9圖圖示一個範例，其中 光120Α首先由傾斜的且平透鏡面42Α反射以形成反射 光120R1且然後由傾斜的且平透鏡面44Β再度反射以形 成反射光120R2,反射光120尺2朝著光纖323之大致方 向（見特寫插圖）。因為角度ΘΑ及角度ΘΒ之選擇，絕大 多數的雙重反射光120R2不進入光纖32Β，藉此避免來 自反射光之不想要的干涉影響。 如上介紹，第6圖圖示當間隙48以於波長85〇 nm下The lateral offset of the AFB with respect to the optical axis A1 is LATB, the relative angle of the optical axis AFB with respect to the optical system axis A1 is p, and the refractive indices of the lenses 40A and 40B are "Α. Table 1: ΘΛ = 光学 optical system example design parameter parameter value / unit 850 850 nm Dca = Dcb 0.080 mm NAa = NAb 0.29 DVA 0.500 mm THA 0.400 mm DA = DB 0.600 mm WA 0.040 mm THA 0.400 mm DVB 0.500 mm 15 201239436 LATB 0 mm Φ 0.2 degree «Α = «Β 1.6395 ΘΑ = ΘΒ 3 degree lens surface 42Α Curvature radius: 0.3865 mm Formula cone constant: -3.9636 Second-order aspheric coefficient: 0.2410 mm_2 Fourth-order aspheric coefficient: -0.4297 mm_4 Lens surface 44Β Curvature radius: -0.3865 mm Formula cone constant: -3.9636 Second-order aspheric coefficient: -0.2410 mm—2 Fourth-order aspheric coefficient: 0.4297 mm_4 Table 2: ΘΑ# ΘΒ Optical system example Design parameter Parameter value/unit 850 nm 〇 Ca = 〇cb 0.080 mm NAa = NAb 0.29 DVA 0.500 mm THA 0.400 mm DA = DB 0.600 mm WA 0.040 mm THB 0.400 mm DVB 0.500 mm LATB 0.020 mm Φ -u degree «A = «B 1.6395 16 201239436 ΘΑ> ΘΒ 6 degrees 3 degree lens surface 42A Curvature radius: 0.3865 mm Formula cone constant: -3.9636 Second-order aspheric coefficient: 0.2410 _·2 Fourth-order aspheric system :-0.4297 mm·4 Lens surface 44B Curvature radius: -0.3865 mm Formula cone constant: -3.9636 Second-order aspheric coefficient: -0.2410 mm_2 Fourth-order aspheric coefficient: 0.4297 mm·4 If the optical system 41 is used to couple the same fiber For the interval between the two, it is desirable that the optical system 41 has a unit magnification. However, the optical system 4 does not need to have a unit magnification. Different curvature radii can be used, for example, by the convex lens faces 42A and 44β to achieve a magnification of non-unit magnification. One example of the optical system 41 that can have a non-unit magnification is when the light source is an active light emitting device (e.g., a semiconductor laser) and the light receiver is a fiber. The semiconductor laser has a substantially smaller cross section than the fiber core and the semiconductor laser has a substantially larger divergence angle than the fiber acceptance angle. In this case, the optical system 41 may have an amplification ratio greater than one, and the magnification example is in the range of 1.5X to 3X. The optical system 41 can also be a right-handed &&& gentleman eight has a non-early magnification of another example is § light source for the fiber and light receiving ^ 乂 、, day ^ ^ 丧 收益 proceeds first detection Benefit time. The photodetector has a cross section of In, the second, and the opposite of the fiber core, and the photodetector has a larger acceptance angle than the divergence angle of the beam illuminated by the fiber in 201239436. In this case, the optical system 41 may have a magnification of less than one, and the magnification example is only in the range of IX to 0·33X (i.e., 1:3). Another example where the optical system 41 can have a non-unit magnification is when the different fibers or waveguides are lightly coupled. In such a case, optical system 41 can have a magnification greater than or less than one, depending on the relative characteristics of the illuminating and receiving fibers. It should be noted that in order to avoid substantial optical loss, the receiving fiber should have a light spread that is equal to or much greater than the light spread of the illuminating fiber. Further, in one example, at least one of the convex lens faces 42A and 44B is aspherical. Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, in the operation of the connector 1, the light 〇2 is transmitted from the plug 12A to the socket 12B. Light 12 is identified as light 120A in plug 12A and light 120B is identified in socket 12B. Thus, in one example, light 12A traveling in plug fiber 32A exits plug fiber end face 34A disposed substantially at focal plane PA, and when light 120A passes through plug cavity 6A to plug lens 4A Time 120A diverges. In this regard, the plug fiber end face 34A serves as a light source. In the embodiments described below, the light source is in the form of an active device, such as a light emitting diode or a laser. The divergent light 120A is then incident on the lens face 42A and substantially collimated thereby forming substantially collimated light 120A that travels substantially parallel to the optical system axis A1 through the plug lens 4A. The collimated light 120A then travels through the inclined and flat lens surface 44A and through the gap 201239436 48 to the inclined and flat lens surface 42B of the plug lens 40B, thereby forming substantially collimated light 120B. When the collimated light 120A passes through the gap 48, the collimated light 120A has some refraction due to the inclined and flat lens faces 44A and 42B. However, in the case where the relatively inclined and flat lens faces 44A and 42B are parallel and the plug lens 40A and the receptacle lens 40B are made of the same material, the light beam constituting the collimated light 120A and the constituent collimated light 12 〇 B are formed. The beams are substantially parallel to one another and are only slightly separated from each other. It is also noted that the inclined and flat lens faces 44A and 42B do not have optical power, and it is beneficial to have 'concavely contaminants that may be present in the gap 48 and that the flat lens faces 44A and 42] B have no optical power, as described below. Detailed description. The substantially collimated light 120B then travels through the socket lens 4A to the convex lens surface 44B of the socket lens 40B, wherein the collimated light 120B is converted into a concentrated light 120B' concentrated light 120B at the end face 34B (essentially in the focal plane PB) Converging onto the socket fiber 32B. In the sense, the receptacle fiber end face 34B acts as an optical (light) receiver. In an example such as that illustrated in Figure 11, the fiber end face 34B is replaced by an active device (e.g., a photodetector). In an example such as that shown in Fig. 4, at least one of the focal planes 卩8 and pB is inclined with respect to the optical system axis A1, i.e., not perpendicular to the optical system axis. Therefore, in an embodiment, the fiber end face 3 is tilted with respect to the optical system from at least one of the MBs, that is, at least the fiber axis AFA & AFB is relative to the optical system axis A1. Tilt at angle p (see Figure 4). In a 19 201239436 example, at least one of the fiber axis AFA « .„ ^ A AFA and AFB is relative to the optical system, and the first axis A1 is laterally low (four) laterally offset (four) from LATmATB (in no Fiber 4 face 34A and Δρ. η measured). In an example, 5 of the fiber axes AFA and AFB are < to v — tilted relative to the optical system axis Ai and offset, for example, 4 is illustrated in the example of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is similar to Fig. 4' and Fig. 5 illustrates that when the gap 48 is filled with air, the light 120 is passed from the plug optical fiber 32A to the first optical system through the 氺 and β1 1 The path of the socket fiber 3 2B. 笙, ,, Fig. 6 is similar to Fig. 5, and Fig. 6 illustrates an example when the gap 48 is filled with the fluid 49, which is in the form of water at a known wavelength of 850 nm. It has a nominal refractive index μ = i 33. It is noted that when the fluid 49 is present, the path of the light 12 维持 remains substantially unchanged. This is mainly because the inclined and flat lens surface and 42B have no light = rate. 44A and 42B have optical power, and the presence of fluid 49 in gap 48 will act as a way to reduce optical power and substantially alter light 120. 1 This can substantially reduce the amount of light i 2 〇 B coupled into the receptacle fiber 3. Since the inclined and flat lens faces 44A and 42B do not have optical power, the presence of fluid 49 in the gap 48 is substantially opposite to the light passing through the gap. 12〇 has no substantial effect. Fig. 7 is a close-up view showing an example of the optical system 41 formed by the plug lens 40A and the socket lens 4〇b, and Fig. 7 illustrates the tilted and flat lens surface 44A of the plug lens 40A. The angle ΘΑ and the angle of the flat lens surface 42Β with respect to the tilt of the socket lens 40Β. The angle θα and the angle ΘΒ′ are measured with respect to the line perpendicular to the axis Α1 of the optical system, and the angle ΘΑ and the angle ΘΒ Tilt 20 201239436 Oblique and flat lens faces 44A and 42B lens face normals and angles of NB relative to the axis of the optical system. In one example, angles ΘΒ and angles 选择 are selected to optimize the performance of the optical connector 10, In one example, this means at least one of the following: maximizing the optical coupling efficiency between the plug fiber 32A and the receptacle fiber 32B, and allowing the amount of reflected light that can enter the plug fiber and the socket fiber. Minimizing and minimizing optical coupling due to contaminants present in gap 48. Refracting light that returns light to plug fiber 32A can interfere with normal operation of the original source (not shown) or damage normal operation of the original source, and enter The reflected light from the receptacle fiber 32B can cause unwanted interference effects to flow downstream, such as at the light detector (not shown). In order to optimize the optical connector 10, the angle ΘΑ and angle ΘΒ need to be large enough. To reduce or eliminate the adverse effects of light reflection from one or both of the inclined and flat lens faces 44A and UB, the angles and angles 需要 need to be sufficiently small that the presence of contaminants in the gap 48 does not increase drastically. The WA also causes the light to reach the receptacle fiber end 34 at an excessive angle relative to the receptacle fiber axis AFB so that light cannot be brought into the receptacle fiber 32Β. The range of angles ΘΒ and angle ΘΒ depends on the particular optical system 10 ′ such as the size and angle of the light source, the size and angle of receipt of the light receiver, and the focal length of the plug lens 40 与 and the focal length of the receptacle lens 4〇Β. For the optical system examples presented in Tables 1 and 2, the angle ΘΑ and the angle ΘΒ can be in the range from 2 degrees to 7 degrees, and the absolute value θα_θβ is in the range from 2 degrees to 4 degrees. It is also noted that the angle θα may be greater than or 21 201239436 is less than the angle ΘΒ. Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of an optical system 41 in which the angle 0 Α = 6 degrees and the angle ΘΑ = 3 degrees. The lenses 40A and 40B are made of the same material, that is, the above-mentioned crucible, and have a refractive index at a wavelength of MO nm...=β = 1.6395. The fibers 32Α and 32Β are multimodal, and the core diameter Dca = Dcb = 80 μm and The numerical aperture nAa = NAb = 0.29. The 苐8 diagram is similar to Fig. 5, but Fig. 8 illustrates that the light 120A is self-tilted and the flat lens faces 44A and 42B are reflected to form reflected light 12 〇 R1, and the reflected light 120R1 is returned. The direction of the fiber 32A travels. However, the angles and angles 倾斜 of the inclined and flat lens faces 44A and KB are selected such that the light 120R1 does not enter the fiber 32. Figure 9 is similar to Figure 8, and Figure 9 is An example in which light 120Α is first reflected by the inclined and flat lens surface 42Α to form reflected light 120R1 and then re-reflected by the inclined and flat lens surface 44Β to form reflected light 120R2, which is approximately 120 feet 2 toward the optical fiber 323 Direction (see close-up illustration). Because of the choice of angle ΘΒ and angle ,, most of the double reflected light 120R2 does not enter the fiber 32Β, thereby avoiding unwanted interference effects from the reflected light. As shown above, Figure 6 When the gap 48 is Wavelength 85 〇 nm
折射率《G = 1·33之流體填充時，光12〇從插頭12A通 過至插座12B。因此’在一個範例中，角度从及角度0B 隙 經選擇而使得即使當污染物以流體49之形式填充間 48時實質上不減少連接器1〇之效能。 藉由範例’考慮流體49以水的形式，流體49於操作 22 201239436 波長850 nm下折射康n=1 _ 革~ I·327。間隙48可為足夠小使 付光干連接器10週遭& 4的流體49可經由毛細作用而被拉 進該間隙，因此埴奋1 Λ 、充間隙48。當光束行進穿過間隙48 且至光纖32Β時，湳艚4〇 * 士 ♦ 體49之存在可改變組成光120之 光束之位置與角度兩者。 、所°才，，光纖連接器1 0經配置為使得間隙48 之轴寬度WA大致上為小的》小間隙48確保陷入該間隙 中的任何液體污染物49^ , t 之厚度亦為小的，使得光1 2 0 通過液體污染物之光衰減為小的。因此，即使在一般使 用中液體污染物看起來實質上不透光，但在薄層中該等 污染物之光衰減應為最小化。此外，接近計算裝置消耗 的許多食品往往為基於水的’所以使用水作為間隙材料 來估計光學連接器效能被據信代表真實生活經驗。 以下表3列出於波長平均在8〇。請至859 nm下穿過 0·001对的範例材料之光學穿透率值範例。所列的材料 構成光學連接器之潛在污染物： 表3:範例材料與穿透率 材料 穿透率（％) Γ — 損耗（dB) 水 99.7 0 番茄醬 82.6 0.8 防晒劑 2.1 16.9 芥末醬 4.6 13.3 23 201239436 洗手液 50.7 3 在第6圖之範例中，其中ΘΑ = 6度且eB = 3度，即 使間隙48填充有以水的形式之流體49，實質上全部的 光120B耦合進入光纖32B。如上所討論’此主要有關於 小間隙寬度WA與平透鏡面44A及42B不具有光功率之 因素再者’因為流體49之折射率n> 1，流體49減小 來自平透鏡面44A及42B之反射損耗使得流體49之存 在僅稍微（亦即，不顯著地）劣化光學連接器1〇之耦合效 率’例如’通常為低於約0.2 dB。 因此，在一個範例中，傾斜的且平透鏡面44A及42B 當結合於形成光學系統41中時具有以下一般性質：傾斜 的且平透鏡面44A及42B不具光功率（可由間隙48中的 污染物之存在而不欲地改變）；傾斜的且 及-彼此相對且分隔開，且以各自的角度ΘΑ及角； ΘΒ(相對於光學系統軸A1測量）而傾斜，該等角度經選擇 使得來自平透鏡面的返回反射不造成大量反射《i2〇ri 麵合返回光纖32A或是更大致上返回光12〇人之光源； 角度ΘΑ及角度ΘΒ經選擇使得雙重反射光i2〇R2不耦合 進入光纖32B;角UA及角度ΘΒ經選擇使得由在該等 面之間的間隙48中的流體49所導致之光12〇之偏向與 移位為可接受地小，亦即，至多造成麵合進人光纖32β t的光120Β之量之非大量的改變。 單式光學連接器 24 201239436 第10圖為光學連接器1G範例（「單式光學連接器」） 之自底部向上的透視圖，其中插頭12A及㈣12B各具 • 有單式結構、，而插頭具有實質上直角彎曲。第u圖為第 . 1G圖之單式連接15 10之縱向橫截面視圖。第10圖及u 圖兩者當中圖示有直角坐標以作為參考。 單式光學連接器10相當適合用以提供至少―個光纖 32B與對應的至少一個主動裝置33a(例如雷射或光電二 極體）之間的光學麵合。圖示之主動裝置ΜΑ為裝載至 母板35A上且躺在PAD平面，pAD平面與交又的光學 系統轴A1冑質上垂直。在一個範例中，主動裝置33A 以如此方式裝載至母板35A上：光丨繼經歷插頭12八 内之實質上直角的彎曲，如以下所述。注意到單式光學 連接器1G適用於將多個光纖灿連接至多個其他光纖 32A或多個主動裝置33A，藉此在插頭i2A與插座 之間產生多個光學路徑。 繼續參照第10圖及第u圖，在一個範例中，插頭主 體16A及插座主體ι6Β各自具有由製模或加工形成的單 式結構。在另一個範例中，插頭主體16A及插座主體i6B 中之至少一者由多個件形成。此外在一個範例中，插頭 ♦ 主體16A及插座主體16B由可穿透連接器10之操作波 . 長之材料製成。一個範例材料包含於上述光通訊波長中 之一或更多者下穿透光120之透明樹脂，該等光通訊波 長例如850 nm、131〇nm及i55〇nm或更大致而言在上 述插作波長自約850 nm至約1600 nm的範圍之波長。 25 201239436 一個透明樹脂範例為上述PEI，PEI於波長85〇 nm下折 射率為1.6395。 插頭主體16A包含相對於光學系統軸A1實質上定向 於45度之傾斜面SM，使得該光學系統軸以實質上％ 度經摺疊。傾斜面SM定義插頭主體16A之内鏡，該内 鏡以全内反射（total internal reflection)操作且因此在光 120A之一般光學路徑中形成實質上9〇度彎曲。在一個 範例中，凸透鏡面42A及平透鏡面44A為插頭主體16八 之一部份且以例如透過製模或加工而與插頭主體i6A 一 體成型。於插頭主體端15形成腔室6〇A作為開口凹部。 在個範例中’插座主體1 6 B包含孔2 8 B，孔2 8 B具 有軸A28，其中該孔經調整大小以容納光纖32B。雖然 第11圖圖示軸A2、AFB及A28均為共軸之範例，孔28B 可具有不平行於光學系統軸A1之孔軸A28，使得插座 光纖32B之端面34B可相對於該光學系統軸而傾斜。圖 示之腔室60B形成作為大概位於插座主體16B之中心處 的開口凹部，但依據需要，該開口凹部可形成於更朝向 該插座主體之一端或另一端。腔室6〇B亦可形成為封閉 腔至，然後允許該腔室以流體填充。在一個範例中，凸 透鏡面44B及平透鏡面42B為插座主體16B之一部份且 以例如透過製模或加工而與插座主體16B 一體成型。 如在先前討論的光學連接器1〇範例中，在單式連接器 1 〇範例中’透鏡面44A及42B為傾斜的且平的，且非 平行的，亦即，透鏡面44A及42B既不垂直於光學系統 26 201239436 韩A1也不彼此平行。 在單式連接器10之操作中，來自發光主動裝置33Α 的發散光120Α發光穿過腔室6〇Α朝向凸透鏡42，形成 實質上準直光’該實質上準直光行進穿過插頭主體16Α 之一部份’該部份實質上位於圍繞光學系統軸Ai之中 心。準直光自傾斜的面（内鏡）SM經實質上90度之内部 反射且行進朝向平透鏡面44A。注意到光i2〇a通過的 插頭主體1 6A之該部份有效地定義透鏡4〇A。此外，在 此配置中，主動裝置33A坐落的平面PAD與焦平面PA 為共平面’且平面PAD實質上平行於由傾斜的面sm形 成的光學系統軸A1之摺疊部份以及通過插座12B之光 學系統軸A1。 然後光120A通過平透鏡面44A及間隙48且於平透鏡 面42B處進入插座12B之插座主體16B，而作為光 120B。然後光i2〇B行進穿過插座主體16B作為實質上When the fluid of the refractive index "G = 1.33" is filled, the light 12 is passed from the plug 12A to the socket 12B. Thus, in one example, the angle is selected from the angle 0B gap such that the effectiveness of the connector 1 is substantially reduced even when the contaminant fills the space 48 in the form of a fluid 49. By way of example 'considering fluid 49 in the form of water, fluid 49 is refracted at operation 225 201239436 at a wavelength of 850 nm. Conn = 1 _ leather ~ I·327. The gap 48 can be sufficiently small that the fluid 49 around the light-drying connector 10 can be pulled into the gap via capillary action, thereby stimulating the gap 48. When the beam travels through the gap 48 and to the fiber 32, the presence of the body 49 changes the position and angle of the beam constituting the light 120. The fiber optic connector 10 is configured such that the axial width WA of the gap 48 is substantially small. The small gap 48 ensures that any liquid contaminants 49^, t that are trapped in the gap are also small in thickness. So that the light 1 2 0 is attenuated by the light of the liquid contaminant to be small. Therefore, even if liquid contaminants appear to be substantially opaque in general use, the light attenuation of such contaminants in the thin layer should be minimized. Moreover, many of the food items that are close to the computing device are often water-based, so using water as a gap material to estimate optical connector performance is believed to represent real-life experience. Table 3 below lists the average wavelength at 8 〇. An example of the optical transmittance value of the sample material passing through the 0·001 pair at 859 nm. The listed materials constitute potential contaminants for optical connectors: Table 3: Example Materials and Transmittance Material Penetration Rate (%) Γ - Loss (dB) Water 99.7 0 Ketchup 82.6 0.8 Sunscreen 2.1 16.9 Mustard Sauce 4.6 13.3 23 201239436 Hand Sanitizer 50.7 3 In the example of Figure 6, where ΘΑ = 6 degrees and eB = 3 degrees, substantially all of the light 120B is coupled into the fiber 32B even though the gap 48 is filled with a fluid 49 in the form of water. As discussed above, this is mainly related to the fact that the small gap width WA and the flat lens faces 44A and 42B do not have optical power. Again, because the refractive index n of the fluid 49 is 1, the fluid 49 is reduced from the flat lens faces 44A and 42B. The reflection loss is such that the presence of the fluid 49 only slightly (i.e., not significantly) degrades the coupling efficiency of the optical connector 1 'e.g., typically less than about 0.2 dB. Thus, in one example, the inclined and flat lens faces 44A and 42B, when incorporated in the forming optical system 41, have the following general properties: the inclined and flat lens faces 44A and 42B have no optical power (the contaminants in the gap 48 can be Existence and undesired change; slanted and - mutually opposite and spaced apart, and at their respective angles and angles; ΘΒ (measured relative to optical system axis A1), the angles are selected such that The return reflection of the flat lens surface does not cause a large amount of reflection "i2〇ri face return fiber 32A or more generally return light 12 people's light source; angle ΘΑ and angle ΘΒ are selected so that double reflected light i2 〇 R2 is not coupled into the fiber 32B; the angle UA and the angle ΘΒ are selected such that the deflection and displacement of the light 12 caused by the fluid 49 in the gap 48 between the faces is acceptably small, that is, at most the face is merged into the person The amount of light 120 t of the fiber 32β t is not a large change. Single optical connector 24 201239436 Figure 10 is a bottom-up perspective view of an optical connector 1G example ("single optical connector") with plugs 12A and (4) 12B each having a single structure, and the plug has It is bent at a right angle. Figure u is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the unitary connection 15 10 of the 1G diagram. Figures 10 and u show rectangular coordinates for reference. The single optical connector 10 is well suited for providing optical coverage between at least one of the optical fibers 32B and a corresponding at least one active device 33a (e.g., a laser or photodiode). The illustrated active device 装载 is loaded onto the motherboard 35A and lies in the PAD plane, and the pAD plane is perpendicular to the entangled optical system axis A1. In one example, the active device 33A is loaded onto the motherboard 35A in such a manner that the diaphragm undergoes a substantially right angle bend within the plug 12 as described below. It is noted that the single optical connector 1G is adapted to connect a plurality of optical fibers to a plurality of other optical fibers 32A or a plurality of active devices 33A, thereby creating a plurality of optical paths between the plug i2A and the receptacle. Continuing with reference to Figures 10 and u, in one example, the plug body 16A and the socket body ι6Β each have a unitary structure formed by molding or machining. In another example, at least one of the plug body 16A and the socket body i6B is formed of a plurality of pieces. Further, in one example, the plug ♦ body 16A and the socket body 16B are made of a material that is permeable to the operating wave of the connector 10. An exemplary material comprises a transparent resin that penetrates light 120 at one or more of the optical communication wavelengths, such as 850 nm, 131 〇 nm, and i55 〇 nm or more substantially in the above-described insertion. Wavelengths range from about 850 nm to about 1600 nm. 25 201239436 A transparent resin example is the above PEI, which has a refractive index of 1.6395 at a wavelength of 85 〇 nm. The plug body 16A includes an inclined face SM that is oriented substantially at 45 degrees with respect to the optical system axis A1 such that the optical system axis is folded at substantially %. The inclined face SM defines an internal mirror of the plug body 16A that operates with total internal reflection and thus forms a substantially 9 degree bend in the general optical path of the light 120A. In one example, the lenticular surface 42A and the flat lens surface 44A are part of the plug body 16 and are integrally formed with the plug body i6A, for example, by molding or machining. A chamber 6A is formed at the plug body end 15 as an opening recess. In one example, the socket body 16B includes a hole 2 8 B having an axis A28, wherein the hole is sized to accommodate the fiber 32B. Although FIG. 11 illustrates an example in which the axes A2, AFB, and A28 are coaxial, the hole 28B may have a hole axis A28 that is not parallel to the optical system axis A1 such that the end face 34B of the receptacle fiber 32B is relative to the optical system axis. tilt. The illustrated chamber 60B is formed as an opening recess located approximately at the center of the socket body 16B, but the opening recess may be formed toward one end or the other end of the socket body as needed. The chamber 6A can also be formed to close the chamber to then allow the chamber to be filled with fluid. In one example, the convex lens surface 44B and the flat lens surface 42B are part of the socket body 16B and are integrally formed with the socket body 16B by, for example, molding or processing. As in the previously discussed optical connector 1 , example, in the single connector 1 〇 example, the 'lens faces 44A and 42B are slanted and flat, and non-parallel, that is, the lens faces 44A and 42B are neither Perpendicular to optical system 26 201239436 Han A1 is also not parallel to each other. In operation of the unitary connector 10, divergent light 120 from the illuminating active unit 33A illuminates through the chamber 6A toward the convex lens 42 to form substantially collimated light 'the substantially collimated light travels through the plug body 16'. One portion 'this portion is substantially centered around the axis Ai of the optical system. The collimated light self-tilting face (endoscope) SM is internally reflected by substantially 90 degrees and travels toward the flat lens face 44A. It is noted that the portion of the plug body 16A through which the light i2〇a passes effectively defines the lens 4A. Further, in this configuration, the plane PAD where the active device 33A sits is coplanar with the focal plane PA and the plane PAD is substantially parallel to the folded portion of the optical system axis A1 formed by the inclined face sm and the optical through the socket 12B System axis A1. The light 120A then enters the socket body 16B of the socket 12B through the flat lens surface 44A and the gap 48 and at the flat lens surface 42B as the light 120B. Then the light i2〇B travels through the socket body 16B as a substantial
準直光，直到光12〇B抵達凸透鏡面44ββ凸透鏡面44B 將該實質上準直光120B聚焦以形成會聚光i2〇B，會聚 光膽行進穿過腔冑_且於端面34β處會聚至光纖 32B上’端面34B位於焦平面pB上。然後光i細在光 纖32B中行進作為導引光，且最終離開插座m並行進 至光120B之下一個目的地，該下一個目的地可為另— 個主動裝置(未圖示)(例如光備測器)或被動裝置(未圖 示）（例如另一個光纖）。 第 12圖為第10圖及第11圖 之單式光學連接器 27 201239436 例之特寫側橫截面視圖，帛12圖圖解污染物以多片碎片 200(例如，灰塵、砂料等）的形式存在於間㉟48中之 範例。隸因不透光碎片而會發生某些衰減，碎片200 之存在不造成實質上返回反射或干涉效應。第13圖相似 於第12圖且第13圖圖解流體49存在於間隙中之範 例。如以上所討論，因為相當小的間隙寬度職以及因 為傾斜的且平透鏡面44“42B不具光功率，流體49 之存在不實質上影響單式連接器1〇之效能。 第10圖至第η圖之連接器10之光學系統42具有如 以上闡述相同的一般性質，加上實質上9〇度彎曲之性 質’該性質促進與裝載於平面PAD之主動裝置33Α的光 學耦合’在一個範例中該平面PAD為實質上平行於通過 插座12B之光學系統轴a 1之該部份。 本文揭示的光學連接器10經設計以提供光輻射源（亦 即，光源）與光輻射之接受器（亦即，光接收器）之間的光 學耦合。光輻射源可為光波導（例如光纖）或為發光之主 動裝置（例如雷射）。Μ射之接受器可為光波導（例如光 纖）或為偵測光之主動裝置（例如光偵測器）。光學連接器 ίο大致上經配置以減輕由污染物存在於間隙48中造成 的不利效能影響’且在一個範例辛光學連接器丨0針對最 大耦合效率作最佳化，同時最小化來自不欲反射的不利 影響。 漸變折射率（GRIN)透鏡實施範例 28 201239436 第14圖相似於第2圖且篦組访-B * 口且笫14圖圖解插碩透鏡40A及 插座透鏡40B為GRIN透鏡之實施範例。針對透 鏡40A及40B’透鏡面42八及44A為平的且實質上垂直 於光學系統軸A1，而相對的透鏡面44A及42β為如上 所述。因此，並非於凸面42A及44B處具有光功率（與 各自的具有均勻折射率之透鏡結合），而是光功率存在於 各透鏡40A及40B之容積中，其中折射率徑向地變化， 折射率隨著從各自的透鏡軸AA& AB的距離而減小， 以提供各透鏡所需要的正光功率。 因此，透鏡40A及40B可大致上描繪為具有正光功率 之特徵，而該光功率起源於具有凸透鏡面（分別為42a 及44B)之習知平凸透鏡與傾斜的平面44A及42B，或該 光功率起源於隨著各透鏡40 A及40B之容積的漸變折射 率’透鏡面42A、44A、42B及44B皆為實質上平的。 第14圖及第15圖相似於第3圖及第4圖，且第14 圖及第15圖圖示透鏡40 A及40B作為GRIN透鏡。GRIN 透鏡40A及40B造成光120遵循穿過透鏡4〇a及40B 的彎曲路徑，而穿過間隙48的光實質上經準直，亦即， 實質上平行於光軸A1。 第17圖相似於第10圖在於，第17圖圖解包含GRIN 透鏡40A及40B之單式光學連接器1〇之實施範例之透 視圖。第17圖之單式光學連接器10之插頭12A及插座 1 2B内部的元件以虛線圖示。 第18圖相似於第11圖且第18圖圖示第17圖之單式 29 201239436 光學連接器10之範例之橫截面視圖。第18圖之單式光 學連接器10圖示有插座光纖纜線110B，插座光纖瘦線 11 0B坐落於形成於插座主體16B中的光纖纜線凹槽29。 在單式光學連接器10中使用GRIN透鏡40A及40B 排除對於腔室60A及60B之需求，在以上所述非grin 實施範例中明顯地採用腔室60A及60B以提供具有折射 率不同於透鏡之容積’使得在光進入或離開透鏡後在該 容積中光可會聚或發散。針對GRIN透鏡，如此會聚與 發散發生於透鏡之容積内’使得具有不同折射率之相鄰 谷積為不必要的。在一個範例中，使用腔室6 0以提供主 動裝置33A與插頭主體16A之間的平衡（stand-0ff)。 在第17圖及第18圖之實施範例中，GRIN透鏡40A 設置於插頭主體16A之一部份内。因此，光12〇首先行 進穿過插頭主體16A之一部份且然後遇到透鏡4〇a，透 鏡40A作為於間隙48處實質上準直該光。在另一方面， GRIN透鏡40B具有GRIN透鏡40B之後平面44B，後 平面44B實質上與光纖端面34]B接觸，且當光i2〇B從 傾斜的前面42B至後面44B行進穿過透鏡40B之容積 時，光120B會聚。然後經聚焦的光耦合進入光纖端面 34B °在一個範例中’在後透鏡面44b與光纖端面34b 之間可有一些空間，使得光12〇B不需要到達剛好位於 後透鏡面處的嚴格焦距，而可位於超過後透鏡面的小距 離處。 使用具有以上所述配置透鏡4〇A及4〇B(無論是grin 30 201239436 透鏡、習知透鏡或該等之組合）之光學系統之光學連接器 1〇之一個優點為，光學連接器之插頭半部份12A及插座 半部份12B可容忍相對側向位移，亦即，該兩個半部份 可經侧向移位而光學連接器不經歷實質上光損耗。此容 忍對於光學連接器部件之低成本製造為吸引人的。 良好地對齊插頭12A及插座12B將平面44八及42β 放置於平面44A & 42B t適當相對方位。在一個範例 中，使用-或更多個對準特徵以達成插帛12A及插座 12B的對準，例如第1圖之光學連接器10圖示的對準特 徵13八及13B。對準特徵範例包含於各自的前端i8A及 ⑽處位於連接器之周圍之標記、平坦、缺口等（見第2 圖)。或者是或是除此之外’可使用共轴對準特徵，例如 套圈於管甲（ferrule七·tube)對準。套圈於管中方式具有 優點在於’即使當污染物被引入間隙48中時，該方式保 留^面椒及伽之角度對準，雖然此方式會使光學連 接器設計變得複雜且可能雲巫 月b需要額外心力來完全地清潔關 鍵連接器對準面。 雖然參…、本文之較佳實施範例及特定實施範例在此已 聞述且描述本揭示案’對於本領域習知技藝者而言立即 二而易見的疋其他實施範例與舉例可執行相似的功能及 ,^ 。卩該專均專貧施範例與舉例為在 本揭示案之精神與範喼由η 疇内且預期附加申請專利範圍涵蓋 全部該等均等實施範例盥 k、举例。對於本領域習知技藝者 而言亦顯而易見的是，为^ 不脫離本揭示案之精神與範疇 31 201239436 下，對本揭不案可作各種修改及變異。因此，假如修改 及變異為在附加申請專利範圍及申請專利範圍之均等物 之範疇内，預期本揭示案涵蓋本揭示案之該等修改及變 異。. 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為根據本揭示案光學連接器範例之側視圖； 第2圖為第1圖之連接器組件之光學連接器範例的特 寫、縱向橫截面視圖； 第3圖為第2圖之光學連接器之光學系統範例之特寫 視圖’第3圖㈣示插頭光纖及插座域’插頭光纖及 插座光纖之各自的端配置於插頭透鏡及插座透鏡之各自 的焦平©處’其巾料平透鏡面為彼此平行但該等平透 鏡面不與光學系統軸垂直； 第4圖相似於第3圖，且第4圖圖解光學連接器之光 學系統之-個實施範例，其中平透鏡面既不彼此平行也 不垂直於光學系統轴； 第5圖相似於第4圖，且第5圖圖示當平透鏡面之間 的間隙由空氣填充時，光經由夯與备纪ώ 尤，乂田光學系統自插頭光纖至插 座光纖之路徑範例； 第6圖相似於第5圖，且第6圖圖解當間隙由流體填 充時之範例； 第7圖為圖示與各自的傾斜的、平透鏡面42α及44Β 有關之兩個角度ΘΑ及ΘΒ之光學i表蛀哭+】 <尤予連接之光學系統範例 32 201239436 之特寫視圖； 第8圖相似於第5圖，且第8圖圖示光係自平透鏡面 反射以形成反射光，該反射光以返回插頭光纖之方向行 進，但該反射光不進入插頭光纖； 第9圖相似於第8圖’且第9圖圖示一個範例，其中 來自平透鏡面的雙重反射光朝著插座光纖之大致方向而 不以大量進入插座光纖； 第10圖為單式光學連接器範例之自底部向上的透視 圖，插頭及插座具有單式結構，而插頭包含實質上直角 彎曲； 第11圖為第10圖之單式光學連接器之縱向橫截面視 圖； 第12圖為第10圖之單式光學連接器範例之特寫側橫 截面視圖，第12圖圖解碎片存在於平透鏡面之間的間隙 中之範例； 第13圖相似於第丨2圖，且第13圖圖解流體存在於平 透鏡面之間的間隙中之範例； 第14圖相似於第2圖，且第14圖圖解插頭透鏡及插 座透鏡為GRIN透鏡之實施範例； 第15圖及第16圖相似於第3圖及第4圖，且第15 圖及第16圖圖解插頭透鏡及插座透鏡為grin透鏡之實 施範例； 第17圖相似於第1〇圖，且第圖圖解包含GRIN透 鏡之單式光學連接器之實施範例之透視圖，單式連接器 33 201239436 之内部的元件以虛線圖示；以及 η㈣啊乐 17圖之單 式光學連接器之範例之橫截面視圖，單式光學連接器圖 示有坐落於光纖纜線凹槽中的插座光纖纜線。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 光學連接器 12B 第一插配連接器構件 /插座 13B 對準特徵 14B 插座外殼 16B 插座外殼主體 17B 前部份 18B 前端 20B 後部份 24B 插座套圈 26B 前端 28B 套圈中心孔 32B 插座光纖 34A 光纖端面 35A 母板 40B 插座透鏡 42A 凸前面 12Α 插配連接器構 件/插頭 13Α 對準特徵 14Α 插頭外殼 16Α 插頭外殼主體 17Α 前部份 ISA 前端 20 A 後部份 24A 插頭套圈 26A 前端 28A 套圈中心孔 32A 插頭光纖 33A 主動裝置 3 4B 光纖端面 40A 插頭透鏡 41 光學系統 42B 平前面 34 201239436 44A 平後面 44B 凸後面 48 間隙 49 流體 60A 插頭腔室 60B 插座腔室 100 連接器組件 110A 插頭光纖纜線 ’ 110B 插座光纖纜線 112A 應變消除構件（罩） 112B 應變消除構件（罩） 120 光 120A 光 120B 光 120R1 反射光 120R2 反射光 200 碎片 A1 光學系統軸 A28 孔轴 AA 透鏡轴 AB 透鏡轴 AFA 縱向光纖軸 AFB 縱向光纖轴 LATB 侧向偏移 ΝΑ 透鏡面法線 NB 透鏡面法線 PA 焦平面 PAD 平面 PB 焦平面 SM 傾斜面 WA 軸間隙寬度 Ψ 角度 ΘΑ 角度 ΘΒ 角度 35Collimating the light until the light 12〇B reaches the convex lens surface 44ββ convex lens surface 44B to focus the substantially collimated light 120B to form the concentrated light i2〇B, the converging light beam travels through the cavity 胄 and converges to the fiber at the end face 34β The end face 34B on the 32B is located on the focal plane pB. The light then travels as fine light in the fiber 32B and eventually exits the socket m and travels to a destination below the light 120B, which may be another active device (not shown) (eg, light) A tester) or a passive device (not shown) (eg another fiber). Figure 12 is a close-up side cross-sectional view of the single optical connector 27 201239436 of Figures 10 and 11, and Figure 12 illustrates the contaminant in the form of multiple pieces of debris 200 (e.g., dust, sand, etc.) An example in the 3548. Some attenuation occurs due to opaque debris, and the presence of debris 200 does not cause substantial back reflection or interference effects. Fig. 13 is similar to Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 illustrates an example in which the fluid 49 is present in the gap. As discussed above, the presence of fluid 49 does not substantially affect the performance of the single connector 1 because of the relatively small gap width and because the tilted and flat lens surface 44 "42B does not have optical power. Figures 10 through η The optical system 42 of the connector 10 of the figure has the same general properties as explained above, plus the nature of a substantially 9-degree bend 'this property facilitates optical coupling with the active device 33A loaded on the planar PAD' in one example. The planar PAD is substantially parallel to the portion of the optical system axis a1 that passes through the receptacle 12B. The optical connector 10 disclosed herein is designed to provide a source of optical radiation (i.e., a source) and a receiver of optical radiation (i.e., Optical coupling between the optical receivers. The optical radiation source can be an optical waveguide (such as an optical fiber) or an active device (such as a laser) that emits light. The receiver of the laser can be an optical waveguide (such as fiber optics) or for detection. An active device for photometry (eg, a photodetector). The optical connector ίο is generally configured to mitigate the adverse performance effects caused by the presence of contaminants in the gap 48' and in an exemplary symplectic optics丨0 is optimized for maximum coupling efficiency while minimizing adverse effects from unwanted reflections. Gradient Refractive Index (GRIN) Lens Implementation Example 28 201239436 Figure 14 is similar to Figure 2 and 篦 Group Interview - B * The port diagram and the socket lens 40B are examples of GRIN lenses. For the lenses 40A and 40B', the lens faces 42 and 44A are flat and substantially perpendicular to the optical system axis A1, and are relatively transparent. The mirror faces 44A and 42β are as described above. Therefore, instead of having optical power at the convex faces 42A and 44B (in combination with respective lenses having a uniform refractive index), optical power is present in the volumes of the respective lenses 40A and 40B, wherein The refractive index changes radially, and the refractive index decreases with distance from the respective lens axes AA & AB to provide the positive optical power required for each lens. Thus, lenses 40A and 40B can be generally depicted as having positive optical power. Characteristics, and the optical power originates from a conventional plano-convex lens having inclined surface (42a and 44B, respectively) and inclined planes 44A and 42B, or the optical power originates from the volume of each lens 40 A and 40B. The graded refractive index 'lens surfaces 42A, 44A, 42B, and 44B are substantially flat. Figures 14 and 15 are similar to Figs. 3 and 4, and Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate lens 40 A. And 40B as a GRIN lens. GRIN lenses 40A and 40B cause light 120 to follow a curved path through lenses 4A and 40B, while light passing through gap 48 is substantially collimated, i.e., substantially parallel to optical axis A1. Figure 17 is similar to Figure 10, and Figure 17 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a single optical connector 1A including GRIN lenses 40A and 40B. The plug 12A of the single optical connector 10 of Figure 17 The components inside the socket 1 2B are shown in dashed lines. Fig. 18 is similar to Fig. 11 and Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the optical connector 10 of the single type 29 201239436. The single optical connector 10 of Fig. 18 is illustrated with a receptacle fiber optic cable 110B that sits in a fiber optic cable recess 29 formed in the receptacle body 16B. The use of GRIN lenses 40A and 40B in single optical connector 10 eliminates the need for chambers 60A and 60B, and chambers 60A and 60B are apparently employed in the non-grin embodiment described above to provide a refractive index different from the lens. The volume ' allows light to converge or diverge in the volume after it enters or leaves the lens. For GRIN lenses, such convergence and divergence occur within the volume of the lens' such that adjacent valleys having different indices of refraction are not necessary. In one example, the chamber 60 is used to provide a balance (stand-0ff) between the main unit 33A and the plug body 16A. In the embodiment of Figs. 17 and 18, the GRIN lens 40A is disposed in a portion of the plug body 16A. Thus, light 12〇 first travels through a portion of plug body 16A and then encounters lens 4〇a, which acts as a substantially collimated light at gap 48. In another aspect, the GRIN lens 40B has a rear face 44B of the GRIN lens 40B that is substantially in contact with the fiber end face 34] B and travels through the volume of the lens 40B as the light i2 〇 B travels from the inclined front face 42B to the rear face 44B. When the light 120B converges. The focused light is then coupled into the fiber end face 34B. In one example, there may be some space between the rear lens face 44b and the fiber end face 34b such that the light 12〇B does not need to reach a strict focal length just at the rear lens face. It can be located at a small distance beyond the rear lens surface. An advantage of using an optical connector 1 having an optical system having the above-described configuration lenses 4A and 4B (whether a grin 30 201239436 lens, a conventional lens, or a combination thereof) is an optical connector plug The half portion 12A and the socket half portion 12B can tolerate relative lateral displacement, i.e., the two halves can be laterally displaced while the optical connector does not experience substantial optical loss. This tolerance is attractive for the low cost manufacturing of optical connector components. The pins 12A and 12B are well aligned to place the planes 44 and 42β in the plane 44A & 42B t in the proper relative orientation. In one example, - or more alignment features are used to achieve alignment of the plug 12A and the socket 12B, such as the alignment features 13 and 13B illustrated by the optical connector 10 of Figure 1. Examples of alignment features are included in the markings, flats, notches, etc. around the connector at the respective front ends i8A and (10) (see Figure 2). Alternatively or additionally, a coaxial alignment feature can be used, such as a ferrule alignment on the ferrule. The advantage of the ferrule in the tube is that 'even when contaminants are introduced into the gap 48, this way preserves the angular alignment of the pepper and gamma, although this approach complicates the design of the optical connector and may cloud Month b requires extra effort to completely clean the critical connector alignment surface. Although the preferred embodiment and specific embodiments herein have been described and described herein, the present disclosure is immediately apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments may be similar to the examples. Features and, ^. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure cover the modifications and variations of the present invention in the scope of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side view showing an example of an optical connector according to the present disclosure; Fig. 2 is a close-up, longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of an optical connector of the connector assembly of Fig. 1; A close-up view of an optical system example of the optical connector of FIG. 2 'Fig. 3 (4) shows the plug fiber and the socket domain. The respective ends of the plug fiber and the socket fiber are disposed at the respective focal planes of the plug lens and the socket lens. 'The flat lens faces of the towel are parallel to each other but the flat lens faces are not perpendicular to the axis of the optical system; Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, and Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the optical system of the optical connector, wherein The flat lens faces are neither parallel to each other nor perpendicular to the optical system axis; Figure 5 is similar to Figure 4, and Figure 5 shows that when the gap between the flat lens faces is filled with air, the light passes through the 夯 and ώ In particular, an example of the path of the Putian optical system from the plug fiber to the socket fiber; Figure 6 is similar to Figure 5, and Figure 6 illustrates an example when the gap is filled with fluid; Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating the tilt with the respective , flat lens surface 42α and 4 4Β The two angles of the ΘΑ and ΘΒ i i i 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 尤 尤 尤 尤 尤 尤 尤 尤 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 The flat lens surface reflects to form reflected light that travels in the direction of returning the plug fiber, but the reflected light does not enter the plug fiber; Figure 9 is similar to Figure 8 and Figure 9 illustrates an example in which The double reflected light of the lens surface faces the receptacle fiber in a general direction and does not enter the socket fiber in a large amount; FIG. 10 is a bottom-up perspective view of the single optical connector example, the plug and the socket have a single structure, and the plug includes Figure 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the single optical connector of Figure 10; Figure 12 is a close-up side cross-sectional view of the exemplary single optical connector of Figure 10, and Figure 12 illustrates the fragmentation An example of the presence in the gap between the flat lens faces; Figure 13 is similar to Figure 2, and Figure 13 illustrates an example of fluid present in the gap between the flat lens faces; Figure 14 is similar to Figure 2. And 14th The illustrated plug lens and socket lens are examples of GRIN lenses; Figures 15 and 16 are similar to Figures 3 and 4, and Figures 15 and 16 illustrate an example of a plug lens and a socket lens as a grin lens. Figure 17 is similar to the first diagram, and the diagram illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a single optical connector including a GRIN lens, the components of the single connector 33 201239436 are shown in dashed lines; and the η (four) Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a single optical connector with a receptacle fiber optic cable seated in a fiber optic cable recess. [Main component symbol description] 10 Optical connector 12B First mating connector member/socket 13B Alignment feature 14B Socket housing 16B Socket housing main body 17B Front portion 18B Front end 20B Rear portion 24B Socket ferrule 26B Front end 28B ferrule Center hole 32B socket fiber 34A fiber end face 35A mother board 40B socket lens 42A convex front 12Α mating connector member/plug 13Α alignment feature 14Α plug housing 16Α plug housing body 17Α front part ISA front end 20 A rear part 24A plug sleeve Ring 26A Front end 28A Ferrule center hole 32A Plug fiber 33A Active device 3 4B Fiber end face 40A Plug lens 41 Optical system 42B Flat front 34 201239436 44A Flat back 44B Convex rear 48 Clearance 49 Fluid 60A Plug chamber 60B Socket chamber 100 Connector Component 110A plug fiber optic cable '110B socket fiber optic cable 112A strain relief member (cover) 112B strain relief member (cover) 120 light 120A light 120B light 120R1 reflected light 120R2 reflected light 200 debris A1 optical system axis A28 hole axis AA lens axis AB lens axis AFA longitudinal fiber axis AFB longitudinal fiber axis LATB lateral offset ΝΑ lens surface normal NB lens surface normal PA focal plane PAD plane PB focal plane SM inclined surface WA axis gap width Ψ angle ΘΑ angle ΘΒ angle 35