201234580 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關裝飾面板，尤有關具有發光二極體的裝 飾與發光用面板。 【先前技術】 發光二極體或led原被用來構成電氣和電子設備之 發光指示燈或考勤鐘，且數年來，現已確保諸如摩托車輛 之信號燈（指示器、側燈）或可攜或標向燈之信號裝置之 發光。 二極體的好處係其壽命長、其發光效率、其堅固，這 導致使用它們的器具維持得更久，或需要的保養減少。 最近，已在鏡領域中擴大其使用，以提供發光鏡。 由歐洲專利申請案EP 1 834 55 1號已知一種具有二極 體之發光鏡。此種鏡設計一片反射玻璃於實現鏡功能之後 面，中間爲清晰層疊構造，並以一片清晰玻璃作爲正面。 二極體被插入0.76毫米之聚乙烯醇縮丁醛（PVB) 層間層疊，並以導電層連接，此導電層具有沉積於反射玻 璃片上之絕緣區。二極體包括定向機構，用來將射線定向 成大致垂直於清晰玻璃片。 而且，二極體分佈在以3.15毫米之清晰正面玻璃形 成之透明窗周圍，並如此構成鏡。面對二極體之表面砂磨 以散射光。 然而，此種鏡製造複雜，昂貴，且其光學性能不佳。 -5- 201234580 【發明內容】 本發明之目的在於提議一種具有二極體的裝 用面板，其簡單，具有更高光學性能，並符合工 玻璃（生產之容易度和速度、可靠度等）。本發 擴大裝飾與發光用面板之範圍。 爲此目的，本發明首先提議一種裝飾與發光 包括： - 第一玻璃，特別是平面，較佳地由礦物玻璃 由有機玻璃製成，具有形成後面之第一主面 正面之第二主面， - 至少一個第一裝飾區，特別地形成鏡，其可 看到， - 至少一個第一組發光二極體，該等二極體之 有既定可見，特別是多色之發射光譜，該等 每一者位於後面側上，並配置來經由玻璃， 在第一發光帶中，該等二極體之每一者具有 既定主射線之主發射射線（F 1 )，較佳地， 線F1大致垂直於第一面或後面， 該第一發光區係具有第一和第二縱緣之既定 光帶，並包括用以擴散與該第一玻璃相關之此等 發射光線，並面對此等二極體，稱爲第一擴散機 機構， 而且， 飾與發光 業要件之 明亦提議 用面板， 或實際上 ，和形成 在正面上 每一者具 二極體之 直接發光 稱爲第一 第一主射 寬度之發 二極體所 構之擴散 -6 - 201234580 - 各第一組二極體射出之光束發散，並由至少30。之中 高度半角α所界定（根據射線F1界定之角度爲〇。之周知 角度α) ’第一主射線F1射至第一擴散機構，相鄰之此 等第一組二極體之光束重疊於該第一擴散機構之表面上， 且此等二極體和此第一擴散機構（例如第三面）間的距離 Η1至少爲5毫米，或者實際上爲1〇毫米，且較佳地小於 40毫米， - 該面板包括：第一二極體軌，其位於一個或更多組件 中，從該後面側延伸，並包括： - 第一長形底座，特別是寬度小於發光帶或者實際 上第一擴散機構之寬度，該底座具有面對第一擴 散機構及直接或間接載裝此等二極體之所謂主正 面，特別是平行於或大致平行於第一面（或第一 玻璃之中平面）之第一底座之正面， - 第一長形側凸緣，形成光學聚光鏡，較佳地連結 至第一底座，特別是矩形或方形截面，較佳地較 第一底座更靠近第一面，該第一凸緣偏離第一底 座而朝向第一面，並相對於第一面傾斜，以首先 接收角度大於或等於中高度半角α之此等第一組 二極體之所謂第一側射線（R 1 )，並將其等反射 到面對第一底座之（中央）區中或實際上較此（ 中央）區離第一凸緣更遠之（周邊）區中，或將 其等反射進入面對較佳地具有第一擴散機構之第 一凸緣之區域， 201234580 - 鄰近第一發光帶之裝飾區偏離此玻璃中面對第一 底座之正面的表面。 二極體定位於第一二極體軌上，以形成縱長連續發光 帶。較佳地，所有二極體之第一組相鄰二極體間之「組內 」距離相同，以簡化光束之重疊。 於本發明中，通常根據半導體微晶片，「發光二極體 」（或簡言之，二極體）一詞據瞭解係指準針狀源，一般 無機，該源有別於提供延伸發光表面之OLED (有機二極 體）。 二極體（例如微晶片）與擴散機構間的夠大距離亦固 定，以有助於均句。 和習知技術相反，光束發散，以避免形成面對二極體 之過亮點（焦點）。即使藉擴散機構，此等點與二極體間 之對比仍顯著。 而且，第一側凸緣提供多種好處於玻璃： -透過第一凸緣之長形字體，其協助形成長形發光區， 無需任何聚焦機構， -其藉由折回側射線，限制發光帶的範圍，提供增高之 輝度，以及較於二極體之光束灑在整體表面上之光區 上更佳的均勻度，其介於〇與180°之間（在無聚焦下 )， -藉由限制發光帶的範圍，其留下或者實際上放大相鄰 功能性裝飾區（較帶更中央或周邊）、特別是異於玻 璃緣之窄區之功能區（可見）。 -8 - 201234580 根據本發明之第一側凸緣亦可用來回收擴散機構所反 向散射及/或反射在例如二極體之支撐（特別是二極體之 PCB支撐）上之二極體各側上的光。 形成光學聚光鏡之第一凸緣較佳地不是準直器。第一 凸緣可大致平面或彎曲。第一凸緣較佳地大致爲平面板， 特別是在與第一底座接合處（其較佳地爲平面之延伸或實 際上彎板）或第一底座附近折彎或彎曲。 較佳地，第一凸緣之內面（二極體側）具有矩形輪廓 〇 第一底座亦提供根據本發明之面板若干益處。二極體 不直接連接於玻璃上之連接電路，惟固定在二極體軌之第 一底座上。因此，可在集積入玻璃前，在二極體軌上進行 二極體之測試，從而減少多玻璃之廢品率。同樣地，在有 需要（維修、改變顏色、改變功率）情況下，簡_單移除二 極體軌之底座。 中高度半角可較佳地至少50°，較佳地60°，或實際 上至少7 0°。 發射錐可相對於主射線F1對稱或不對稱。發射錐可 例如爲朗伯式（lambertian)。 主射線F1可大致例如以+/-5°垂直於第一面。且尤其 是裝載二極體之特別是大致平面的第一底座可平行或大致 平行於第一面（或平行於玻璃之中平面）° 較佳地，擴散錐（擴散機構所擴散之光）對稱，並沿 垂直於第一面之軸線例如成+/-5°。201234580 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a decorative panel, and more particularly to a panel for decoration and illumination having a light-emitting diode. [Prior Art] Light-emitting diodes or leds were originally used to form illuminated indicators or attendance clocks for electrical and electronic equipment, and for several years, signal lights (indicators, side lights) or portable or such as motorcycles have been secured. The illumination of the signal device of the pointing light. The benefits of a diode are its long life, its luminous efficiency, and its robustness, which results in longer maintenance of the equipment in which it is used, or reduced maintenance. Recently, its use has been expanded in the field of mirrors to provide illuminating mirrors. An illuminating mirror having a diode is known from the European patent application EP 1 834 55 1 . This mirror design has a reflective glass behind the mirror function, with a clear laminated structure in the middle and a clear glass as the front. The diode is interposed between 0.76 mm polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layers and joined by a conductive layer having an insulating region deposited on the reflective glass sheet. The diode includes an orientation mechanism for directing the radiation substantially perpendicular to the clear glass sheet. Moreover, the diodes are distributed around a transparent window formed of clear front glass of 3.15 mm and thus constitute a mirror. Sanding the surface of the diode to scatter light. However, such mirrors are complicated to manufacture, expensive, and have poor optical performance. - 5 - 201234580 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a mounting panel having a diode which is simple, has higher optical performance, and conforms to work glass (ease of production and speed, reliability, etc.). This issue expands the range of panels for decoration and lighting. To this end, the invention first proposes a decoration and illumination comprising: - a first glass, in particular a plane, preferably made of plexiglass made of mineral glass, having a second main surface forming the front side of the first main face, - at least one first decorative region, in particular forming a mirror, which is visible, - at least one first group of light-emitting diodes, said diodes having a defined visible, in particular multi-colored, emission spectrum, each of said One is located on the rear side and is configured to pass through the glass. In the first illumination strip, each of the diodes has a main emission ray (F 1 ) of a predetermined main ray. Preferably, the line F1 is substantially vertical. On the first side or the rear side, the first light-emitting area has a predetermined light band of the first and second longitudinal edges, and includes the light emitted to diffuse the first glass, and the two sides are Body, called the first diffuser mechanism, and the decoration and lighting industry requirements also propose the use of panels, or in fact, and the direct illumination of each of the diodes formed on the front side is called the first first main Shot width hair diode The diffusion structure -6--201234580 - Local first set of light beams emitted from the diode diverging by at least 30. The middle height angle α is defined (the angle defined by the ray F1 is 〇. The known angle α) The first main ray F1 is incident on the first diffusion mechanism, and the beams of the adjacent first group of diodes are overlapped a distance Η1 between the diodes and the first diffusion mechanism (eg, the third surface) on the surface of the first diffusion mechanism is at least 5 mm, or substantially 1 mm, and preferably less than 40 Millimeter, - the panel comprises: a first diode rail, located in one or more components, extending from the rear side and comprising: - a first elongate base, in particular having a width smaller than the illuminating strip or actually first a width of the diffusion mechanism, the base having a so-called main front facing the first diffusion mechanism and directly or indirectly carrying the diodes, in particular parallel or substantially parallel to the first surface (or the first glass midplane) a front side of the first base, - a first elongate side flange, forming an optical concentrating mirror, preferably joined to the first base, in particular a rectangular or square cross section, preferably closer to the first side than the first base, The first flange is offset from the first The seat faces the first side and is inclined with respect to the first surface to first receive the so-called first side ray (R 1 ) of the first group of diodes having an angle greater than or equal to the middle height half angle α, and etc. Reflecting into a (peripheral) region facing the first base or substantially farther from the first flange than the (central) region, or reflecting it into the face preferably having a first The area of the first flange of the diffusing mechanism, 201234580 - the decorative area adjacent the first light strip deviates from the surface of the glass facing the front side of the first base. The diode is positioned on the first diode track to form a longitudinally continuous light strip. Preferably, the "in-group" distance between the first set of adjacent diodes of all of the diodes is the same to simplify the overlap of the beams. In the present invention, generally, according to a semiconductor microchip, the term "light emitting diode" (or in short, a diode) is understood to mean a quasi-needle source, generally inorganic, which is different from providing an extended light emitting surface. OLED (Organic Diode). A large enough distance between the diode (e.g., microchip) and the diffusion mechanism is also fixed to aid in the sentence. Contrary to conventional techniques, the beam diverges to avoid forming a bright spot (focus) facing the diode. Even with the diffusion mechanism, the contrast between these points and the diodes is significant. Moreover, the first side flange provides a variety of good-to-glass: - an elongated font that passes through the first flange, which assists in forming an elongated illumination zone without any focusing mechanism - limiting the extent of the illumination band by folding back side rays , providing increased brightness, and better uniformity over the light region of the diode beam sprinkled on the overall surface, between 〇 and 180° (without focus), by limiting illumination The extent of the band that leaves or actually magnifies the functional areas (visible) of adjacent functional decorative areas (more central or peripheral), particularly narrow areas outside the glass edge. -8 - 201234580 The first side flange according to the present invention can also be used to recover the backscattering of the diffusing mechanism and/or to reflect the diodes on the support of the diode (especially the PCB support of the diode). Light on the side. The first flange forming the optical concentrating mirror is preferably not a collimator. The first flange can be substantially planar or curved. The first flange is preferably substantially planar, particularly bent or curved adjacent the first base (which is preferably a planar extension or substantially curved) or adjacent the first base. Preferably, the inner face (diode side) of the first flange has a rectangular profile. The first base also provides several benefits of the panel according to the present invention. The diode is not directly connected to the connection circuit on the glass, but is fixed to the first base of the diode rail. Therefore, the diode can be tested on the diode track before being accumulated in the glass, thereby reducing the rejection rate of the multi-glass. Similarly, in the case of need (repair, change color, change power), simply remove the base of the diode rail. The mid-height half angle may preferably be at least 50, preferably 60, or indeed at least 70. The emission cone can be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to the main ray F1. The launch cone can be, for example, a lambertian. The primary ray F1 may be substantially perpendicular to the first face, for example, at +/- 5°. In particular, the first substantially planar planar base of the load diode may be parallel or substantially parallel to the first surface (or parallel to the plane of the glass). Preferably, the diffusion cone (light diffused by the diffusion mechanism) is symmetric. And, for example, +/- 5° along an axis perpendicular to the first face.
S -9 - 201234580 發光帶的設計非常有彈性。 藉一個相同底座上的若干組二極體，可形成若干不同 的發光帶。 二極體軌自然地較寬度長。第一底座可任選地包括其 他組二極體，以例如在第一發光帶之延長中形成另一發光 帶。 爲形成明顯不同位向的發光帶，特別是發光框或發光 十字，可使用適當形狀之二極體軌，或隔開或連結之若干 二極體軌。 爲盡可能謹慎並最大化裝飾區之面積，第一二極體軌 較佳地佔據玻璃中的有限空間，例如其寬度僅夠實現其聚 光器功能。 且在複數個二極體軌情況下，爲此目的，二極體軌可 爲窄幅和/或寬幅隔開。 第一發光帶（較佳係第一擴散機構）之第一縱緣（和 /或第一凸緣）可筆直或彎曲。 第一發光帶可筆直或彎曲。特別是，第一發光帶可特 別爲環形。 較佳地，若第一發光帶在周邊，第一側凸緣即在第一 縱緣距玻璃中心最遠側。 較佳地，沿發光帶之長度方向行進之二極體之所謂「 縱」射線（與沿帶寬度之側射線相反）直接遭遇第一擴散 射線（無反射）。較佳特別是二極體軌不包括遍及載裝二 極體，特別是隔開第一組之一或多數二極體之長度的任何 -10- 201234580 (大致）「垂直」壁。 若第一凸緣短（相對地與第一玻璃隔開），側射線即 接著在面對第一凸緣之表面外直接遭遇第一擴散射線。於 此情況下，較佳地，提供第一擴散機構，其亦在此第一玻 璃的更邊緣發光區中。較佳係將此發光邊緣區限制至小於 10毫米。第二凸緣亦然。 較佳地，第一凸緣包括第一射線反射限制區，通常藉 其端部固定，相對於主射線F1成既定限制角度，第一擴 散機構之範圍（面對二極體且在一或更多邊緣區）係角度 小於此限制角度之射線的大部分或實際上至少80%或實 際上甚至100%藉第一擴散機構沿第一面之方向擴散。 若所發射射線之第一反射限制區接觸第一面，即當然 無須延長該第一擴散機構至接觸區外。 二極體例如位於第一擴散機構之中心。 爲增進均勻度，角度小於或等於中高度半角a之所謂 中央射線之至少8 0 %射至第一擴散機構： - 第一擴散機構的寬度係此等中央射線直接射到第 一擴散機構， - 和/或第一凸緣之範圍係在反射於第一凸緣上之 後，此等中央射線射到第一擴散機構， - 和/或軌包括第二長形側凸緣，相對於第一底座 ，與第一凸緣相向，較佳地連結至第一底座，且 第二凸緣之範圍係在反射於第二凸緣上之後，此 等中央射線射到第一擴散機構。 -11 - 201234580 爲增進均勻度和輝度，軌包括第二長形側凸緣，相對 於第一底座，與第一凸緣相向，較佳地連結至第一底座， 形成特別是矩形或方形截面之光學聚光器，第二凸緣較佳 地偏離底座而朝向第一面，且較佳地相對於第一面傾斜， 第二凸緣能夠收到角度大於或等於中高度半角（α)之該 等第一組二極體之所謂第二側射線，並使其等返回（藉由 反射）： - 到面對第一底座之區域中之第一擴散機構， - 或到第一傾斜凸緣（使其等返回到第一擴散機構 )， - 或進入面對第二凸緣之第一玻璃之區域，較佳地 ，該區域具有第一擴散機構之區域。 且任選地較佳連結至第一底座之第二凸緣形成具有壁 之玻璃之隔件，或形成具有壁之該連結機構的一部分。 由於第一凸緣傾斜，此第二凸緣可筆直。此第二凸緣 呈現類似於第一凸緣業已呈現的益處。 根據本發明之第二側凸緣亦可用來回收擴散機構所反 向散射和/或反射在二極體各側，例如在二極體之支撐（ 特別是二極體之PCB支撐）上之光。 形成光學聚光鏡之第二凸緣較佳地不是準直器。第二 凸緣可大致平面或彎曲。第二凸緣較佳地係大致平面之板 (金屬或金屬化等），特別是在與第一底座連結處（較佳 地爲平面或實際上彎曲板之延伸），或在第一底座附近折 彎或彎曲》 -12- 201234580 較佳地，第二凸緣之內面（二極體側）具有矩形輪廊 。第二側凸緣較佳地可較第一底座更接近第一面。 第一底座可載裝複數組相互平行之二極體於一或更多 支撐（PCB )上，所有二極體面對第一擴散機構。 第一組二極體與相鄰之第二組二極體間之「組間」距 離可調整，用於發光光束之重疊，以形成寬的連續和較佳 地均勻（特別是其寬度）之發光帶。 較佳地，爲發光光束之良好重疊，組內和組間距離大 致相同，以形成寬和長之連續及均勻（特別是在其寬度和 在其長度）的發光帶。 因此，在具有若干排二極體之配置中，第一底部載裝 對齊且平行於同樣對齊之此等第一組發光二極體之第二組 二極體，此等第二組二極體之每一者具有既定之可見發射 光譜，此等二極體之每一者被配置在內部空隙中，且面對 第一面，以經由第一玻璃直接發光在第一發光帶中，此等 第二組二極體之每一者具有稱爲第二主射線之主發射射線 F2，直接射到第一面，而不遭遇任何反射，較佳地，第二 主射線F2大致垂直於第一面，每一此等第二組二極體所 發射之光束發散，並由至少30°之中高度半角α所界定， 第二主射線F2射到第一擴散機構，相鄰之此等第二組二 極體之光束重疊於第一擴散機構之表面上，相鄰之此等第 一組和第二組二極體之光束重疊於第一擴散機構之表面上 ，此等第二組二極體和第一擴散機構（例如第三面）間的 距離 Η2至少爲5毫米，且小於40毫米。 -13- 201234580 而且，此二極體軌包括第二長形側凸緣，相對於第一 底座，與第一凸緣相向，較佳地連結至第一底座，形成特 別是矩形或方形截面之光學聚光器，第二凸緣偏離該底座 而朝向相對於第一面傾斜之第一斜面，第二凸緣能夠收到 角度大於或等於該中高度半角（α)之此等第二組發光二 極體之所謂第二側射線，並使其等返回（藉由反射）： - 到面對第一底座之區域中之第一擴散機構， - 或到第一傾斜凸緣（使其等回到第一擴散機構） ， - 或進入該第一玻璃中面對該第二凸緣之區域，該 區域較佳地具有第一擴散機構之區域。 且較佳地，爲了均勻，就此等第一組二極體之中心與 相鄰之此等第二組二極體之中心間之既定距離L 1 2而言， 角度等於中高度半角α之此等第一組二極體之第一參考射 線界定成tana = L12/Hl，且角度等於中高度半角α之此等 第二組二極體之第二參考射線界定成tana = L12/H2。 於一實施例中，爲有效率地集中側射線，當包含此等 値時，相對於第一面傾斜之第一側凸緣相對於第一面形成 介於35至55°間之所謂偏轉角，該第一凸緣係平面（條、 平行四邊型）或彎曲，並處在相對於該第一面，根據該所 謂偏轉角傾斜之中平面中。 且較佳地，第二凸緣能偏離第一底座之正面而朝向第 —面，並相對於第一面傾斜，且當包含此等値時，相對於 第一面形成介於35至55°間之所謂偏轉角，該第二凸緣係 -14· 201234580 平面（條、平行四邊型）或彎曲，並處在相對於該第一面 ，根據該所謂偏轉角傾斜之（主）中平面中。 於本發明之設計中： - 第一側凸緣之（內）端部對第一面（於第一擴散 機構之表面之高度）之垂直投影大致對應於發光 帶之第一縱緣及實際上第一擴散機構， - 第二側凸緣之（內）端部對第一面（於第一擴散 機構之表面之高度）之垂直投影大致對應於發光 帶之第二縱緣及實際上第一擴散機構。 於一簡單設計中，第一發光帶的寬度大致等於第一擴 散機構的寬度，從而避免擴散區外，經由第一透明玻璃直 接發光區中的閃光，且對應第一和第二凸緣間之寬度在第 一擴散機構之表面高度對第一玻璃的垂直投影。 透過凸緣之選擇，產生具有第一和第二既定限制縱緣 之帶形發光區。 較佳地，爲簡單限制發光帶及最佳地集中光束於此帶 ，該第一凸緣和/或第二凸緣能延伸直到接觸第一面’或 直到頂多留下小於5毫米的間隙爲止。 於一有利設計中，所有射線的至少8 0 %射至面對第 一底座和側凸緣之第一擴散機構。 除熱會避免二極體之效率的劣化’並因此保證提供更 佳的發光效率，並確保二極體之長壽。 因此’第一二極體軌之弟一'底座可爲金屬’特別是銘 、銅或不銹鋼之組件’形成第—熱導體。 -15- 201234580 以有利方式，特別是大致對齊之此等第一組二極體（ 規則）分佈於第一長形共同支撐上，該第一支撐係與第一 底座相關，特別是條的印刷電路板。 印刷電路板或PCB成寬板或窄條之形式。其由塑膠 構成，或爲金屬。往往，條爲金屬，而板則由塑膠製成。 二極體支撐（PCB )可爲任何形狀，例如平面，特別 是例如方形或矩形截面之直條。支撐可不透明，原因在於 其可藉不透明之選定二極體軌掩蔽。 此種業已存在之具有其連接電路之支撐（PCB )之使 用進一步簡化玻璃之製造和維修，並進一步限制廢品率。 特別是單體之第一二極體軌可包括若干二極體支撐（ PCB )，其相互對準，俾一起形成均勻和連續發光帶或形 成明顯不同發光帶。 若干組二極體可配設在包括複數窄條之明顯不同支撐 上，或諸如大致對應底座表面之寬度更大之長形印刷電路 板的第一共同支撐（PCB )上。 有關單一 PCB板之複數條之優點（支撐若干組或排 二極體）在於藉由最佳化用於二極體配置之有用面積來減 少製造成本，容許多組二極體的彈性分佈，並因此適配其 設計，以及最後減少維修成本，僅有缺陷的條須更換。 已知除熱避免二極體之效率的劣化，並因此保證提供 更佳的發光效率，並確保二極體之長壽。 因此，以有利方式，特別是就平均或高功率之二極體 而言’第一支撐（PCB )可固定於特別是鋁、銅或不銹鋼 -16- 201234580 之金屬類型之第一熱導體，較佳地至少由第一二極體軌的 第一底座形成，該第一支撐集積熱消散機構和/或與連接 到第一熱導體之熱消散機構有關。 集積和/或與此等二極體之第一支撐（PCB )有關之 熱消散機構能由金屬型之第一支撐之構成材料，或由集積 入第一電絕緣支撐之金屬面，並任選地由接合第一支撐至 該第一熱導體之機構構成，特別是由第一二極體軌的第一 底座形成，其進行熱導黏貼帶或膠型之熱導，且若支撐係 電絕緣劑，即由電絕緣材料製成。 較佳地，二極體支撐（PCB )係金屬，且二極體熔接 在與金屬材料電絕緣之痕跡上。支撐之金屬材料係熱導體 ，支撐可直接抵住熱導體以獲得熱消散。 支撐（PCB )對底座之固定可例如藉由夾緊和/或螺 緊固定。可插入熱導體（諸如熱油脂、熱黏膠帶和/或熱 膠等） ，以獲得更佳熱消散，如此作係爲了更佳發光效 率並爲了二極體之長壽。 黏膠帶呈現提供校準厚度之優點，容許支撐完美平面 ，並確保二極體均與反射器等距。而且，黏膠帶容許其事 先固定於支撐。 二極體支撐（PCB)經由雙面黏著或可固化膠安裝（ 其不提供立即固定）較佳，因爲其容許小尺寸之支撐相對 定位於反射器上。 藉塑膠二極體支撐（PCB )，二極體被熔接在添加至 支撐之二相對面之熱消散表面（稱爲「熱墊」）上，並橫 -17- 201234580 越其厚度。固定須經由與熱消散表面相關之熱導體接合用 電絕緣材料進行。熱導體接合用材料例如係已引述之膠或 熱導雙面黏著帶。 爲更佳之發光效率’第一支撐（PCB )能在第一組二 極體周圍裝載一自由表面（平面或傾斜），並例如擴散清 漆或漆。例如使用白色反射器。 根據一特徵’二極體可被封裝，亦即可包括半導體微 晶片和例如爲環氧樹脂或PMMA型樹脂，用以封裝微晶 片之包封。此包封可多功能：保護免於氧化和濕度、波長 擴散元件之轉換等。 二極體可例如爲數百微米或毫米級大小之半導體微晶 片；且任選地具有例如用於保護之最少封裝。不須使用諸 如透鏡之光學品，朝喜好區導引二極體所射出之光。 二極體可埋入普通保護材料中（防水、防塵等）。 因此，較佳地，二極體可爲簡單微晶片，或具有特別 是SMD (「表面安裝裝置」）或「晶片直裝電路板」型 低容量封裝，而非低功率和發光效率之習知（第一代）二 極體。 二極體可爲： - 「中功率」二極體，亦即大於o.iw或具有大於 或等於8流明之亮度， - 「高功率」二極體，亦即大於或等於1W或具 有大於或等於80流明之亮度。 由尺寸的觀點看來，可預見以下二極體之特徵之至少 -18- 201234580 一者： - 二極體在高度上小於1厘米，或實際上小於5 厘米， - 二極體在寬度上小於1厘米（直徑）， - 二極體相同並以表示連續二極體之軸線間之距 離之組內距離規則地隔開，任選地與固有二極 體尺寸同級， - 第一組二極體以表示連續二極體之軸線間之距 離之組內距離對齊且規則地隔開，第二組二極 體以表示相鄰兩個二極體之軸線間之距離，例 如與組內距離同級之組間距離，平行於第一組 ，對齊且規則地隔開， - 第一組二極體之數目至少等於1 〇。 二極體之堅固在大量使用像是於諸如火車、飛機、公 共汽車、遊輪等公共交通上特別有利。 一組或多組二極體可耦接至驅動機構，使之可特別是 根據自然光量，永久或間歇發出各種不同強度，既定顏色 或各種不同顏色的光。 根據本發明之第一二極體軌可爲單體，特別是金屬或 雙材料。 第一底座和/或第一凸緣和/或任選第二凸緣能包括 一基板（較佳地礦物質）： - 例如塗覆反射層（鏡反射或擴散反射）， - 塗覆閃亮金屬層（特別是反射係數大於或等於 -19- 201234580 70%或者實際上80%之鏡反射）或無光澤層（ 擴散反射）， - 塗覆擴散層（珐瑯、白清漆等）， - 有紋理或粗糙以擴散， - 其爲金屬，特別是由鍍鋁製成。 第一底座和/或第一凸緣和/或任選第二凸緣可爲平 面或凹面（在二極體側）。 根據本發明之第一二極體軌可較佳地具有擴口之L形 截面（由底座和單一第一側凸緣形成），或實際上擴口之 U形截面（由底座、第一側凸緣和第二側凸緣形成）。 於第一簡單設計中，第一二極體軌係特別是鍍鋁金屬 單體組件，具有一個或更多個折彎或彎曲，其包含第一底 座（形成熱導體）、第一凸緣和較佳地第二凸緣，特別是 厚度小於或等於3毫米或實際上1毫米之組件。 於另一設計中，形成聚光鏡之該第二凸緣與該第一二 極體軌分離且係： - 例如直條型軌，特別是金屬或金屬化·，平面或凹 面，特別是形成具有面板之支撐壁之玻璃之隔件 ’或形成具有面板之支撐壁之連結機構之一部分 ’其任選地，相對於第一面傾斜，當包含此等値 時’相對於第一面形成介於35與5 5°間之所謂偏 轉角。 而且，爲求謹慎，第一凸緣和/或第二凸緣之對第一 面之垂直投影可選擇小於或等於4厘米，且較佳地小於或 -20- 201234580 等於2厘米。 第一底座可隔開或抵住面板之支撐壁放置。任選地， 第一二極體軌具有用以支承或實際上用以固定在面板之支 撐壁上之表面。 第一二極體軌可藉由螺緊、夾緊型之機械固定或藉由 黏貼，固定於該壁，或實際上後面與該壁間之內部空隙中 的另一元件。 於一實施例中，第一發光帶彎曲，特別是環形，且第 一底座和該第一凸緣亦彎曲。 由尺寸的觀點看來，可預見以下特徵之至少一者： - 第一發光帶（較佳係第一擴散機構之寬度）在寬 度上小於玻璃表面的3 0 %， - 第一和第二側凸緣間之寬度對玻璃之垂直投影在 寬度上小於玻璃表面的30%， - 第一發光帶在長度上至少等於5厘米，第一發光 帶之長度特別是大致等於具有角隅之玻璃（方形 、矩形等）之相關側緣或縱緣的長度， - 第一二極體軌之長度等於第一擴散機構之長度， - 第一支撐（PCB)之長度大致等於二極體軌之長 度， - 第一支撐（PCB )在厚度上小於2厘米，或實際 上小於1厘米。 在大玻璃面積情況下，當第一裝飾區，特別是中央區 具有明顯不同的既定功能性時’第一發光帶覆蓋用於極窄 -21 - 201234580 發光帶之玻璃之一部分（功能、可見）區域。 第一發光帶之（最大）寬度（恆定或可變寬度）可 特別是爲了留下可觀的裝飾區面積，較佳地小於200毫米 或實際上小於或等於100毫米。 第一發光帶可爲周邊型，特別是沿玻璃邊緣，且第一 更中央裝飾’並因此較第一裝飾區更遠離二極體。 第一發光帶可在玻璃之既定區域，例如中央區中，且 第一裝飾區可更周邊。 第一裝飾區（單一或多個、均句或不均勻）可選自： - 反射區，藉由沉積例如銀之反射塗層於玻璃上， 特別是於後表面上，形成鏡，較佳地具有藉由鏡 浸蝕形成之第一擴散機構， - 和/或半透明區，例如藉由玻璃之紋理化，作成 光滑， - 和/或不透明和/或著色區，藉不透明和/或著 色塗層或藉整批著色玻璃。 爲確保鏡功能，反射表面通常可爲以銀爲底的層。鏡 可爲來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 SGG Miralite 產品，具有抗氧化保護漆，或以鉻爲底的變化，像是來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 SGG Mirastar 產品。 面板可較佳地在玻璃上，特別是第一或第二面上’或 在與第二面相關之額外玻璃上，包括所謂的前掩蔽機構’ 用以掩蔽該第一凸緣或實際上第二凸緣之端部，選自形成 鏡之反射層、擴散層、裝飾層，特別是著色的，且較佳地 -22- 201234580 特別是與第一擴散機構或與裝飾區同型者。 例如可形成較發光區更寬的擴散區，或在一凸緣或多 數凸緣下擴展之裝飾區。 面板可包括與玻璃有關之另一第—發光帶，具有寬度 大致與第一擴散機構相同之另一擴散機構，該等第一帶較 佳地連結，形成呈L形，或者實際上呈十字形’該第一底 座呈L形，或者實際上呈十字形，並載裝照射該另一第一 發光帶之另一組二極體，第一側凸緣和第二側凸緣連結至 該第一底座，並特別是藉由彎曲、切削和/或藉由成型， 藉由擠出形成。 較佳地，面板包括該簡單的單一玻璃（藉由與多玻璃 比較）。 僅利用一片玻璃，根據本發明之面板簡單，質輕，容 易處理和安裝，並且緊實。 與第一擴散機構相關，玻璃呈現小於85%或實際上 小於或等於70%，且較佳地，大於或等於20%，或實際 上大於或等於40%之發光傳輸。 第一發光帶之模糊度可較佳地大於70%或實際上大 於或等於8 5 %，且依傳統方式，以所謂濁度計設備測量 〇 第一擴散機構較佳地配置在玻璃之厚度中和/或在第 —面上，它們因此受到保護，且與外部環境接觸之第二面 可平滑和可容易清潔。 第一擴散機構可尤佳地與第一面相關，且例如第一擴 -23- 201234580 散機構藉由玻璃之表面紋理處理'特別是砂磨、酸化處理 、摩擦，或藉由添加特別是作爲層之擴散元件，較佳地藉 由琺瑯或擴散層之網板印刷形成，或以和玻璃層疊之擴散 塑膠爲基礎形成。 若擴散機構配置在玻璃之厚度中和/或後面上，它們 即因此受到保護，且與外部環境接觸之正面可平滑和可容 易清潔。 酸浸鈾、砂磨、蝕刻（有利地藉雷射）或網板印刷較 佳，因爲其提供受處理區之界標，這可容易控制並可在產 業上複製。 可引用來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 Satinovo®玻璃及來自SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS公司之具有 擴散層之玻璃Smoothlite®玻璃作爲酸化玻璃。 玻璃爲任何形狀（矩形、方形、圓形等），且任選地 彎成弧形。 玻璃可由清晰或實際上超清礦物玻璃製成。在超清玻 璃方面，可提到用於超清玻璃之構成之專利申請案 WO04/025334。可特別選擇具有小於 0.05%之 Felll或 Fe203 之鈉鈣矽玻璃。可選擇來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 Diamant® 玻璃、來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 Albarino®玻璃（紋理化或平滑）、 Pilkington OptiWHITE®玻璃、來自 Schott 公司之 B270® 玻璃。 而且，礦物玻璃因其多種好處而較佳用於玻璃： -24- 201234580 - 玻璃呈現良好耐熱，可接近二極體，雖則其等構 成熱點， - 玻璃在機械上堅固，使得其呈現清潔容易度，且 不會刮傷，藉此表現用在安裝定位而嚴格要求衛 生之玻璃的特別好處， - 玻璃符合防火安全標準要件。 舉例而言，可特別是依美感展現或所欲光學效果和/ 或裝飾與發光用面板之用途而定： - 標準組成玻璃，像是來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS公司之Diamant®微綠有色玻璃， - 無色（中性） 超清玻璃，像是來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 D i am ant® 玻璃， - 角錐型印刷玻璃，像是來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 Albarino®玻璃，形式爲角錐之 浮雕確立在面對外部環境之玻璃之外表面， - 堅化玻璃，呈現較佳機械強度， - 經由其第二面與額外玻璃層疊之玻璃，第一擴散 機構可接著位於層間層疊上，或在額外玻璃上， - 著色玻璃。 可預見於面對外在環境之一或多面上或諸如印刷於玻 璃上之元件之具有光學效果之元件的防刮塗層型功能性塗 層，而不妨礙發光功能。 玻璃與壁間之距離可介於5與40毫米間’且例如爲 12毫米。 -25 - 201234580 玻璃與壁間之隔件可爲框架（C形截面，封閉截面， 特別是方形或矩形）。 玻璃可形成裝飾發光、建築發光、信號發光。 根據本發明之面板可用於任一類型用途，特別是住宅 、工業廠房、諸如火車、船、飛機之運轉用載具。 裝飾與發光用面板可特別是意圖： - 用於建築，如天花板燈、牆壁瓷磚、隔間， - 用於運輸車輛，特別是公共交通、火車、地鐵、 電車、巴士或水上或空中載具（飛機）， - 用於公路或城市發光， - 用於城市家具玻璃，作爲公共汽車候車亭、欄杆 、展示架、用於擱置元件， - 用於擱置元件室內裝修玻璃，作爲浴室、家具項 目的牆壁。 【實施方式】 現在將藉助於僅解說用，惟絕不限制本發明範圍之例 子，並根據附圖來說明。 第1圖示意顯示在本發明之第一實施例中，一種具有 發光二極體之裝飾與發光用面板1 00的橫剖視圖。 面板1 00包括： - 玻璃1，礦物玻璃製，平面，例如爲方形或矩形 玻璃板，具有形成後面之第一主面11以及形成 正面之第二主面12; -26- 201234580 - 第一組無機發光二極體2(或LED )，沿玻璃 100之第一縱緣’配置於後面側上，此等二極體 對齊且規則分佈在第一長形PCB二極體支撐20 上，其爲條型， - 第二組無機發光二極體2(或LED )，沿玻璃 100之第二縱緣，配置於後面側上，此等二極體 對齊且規則分佈在第一長形PCB二極體支撐20 上，其爲條型。 二極體2之每一者具有既定可見發射光譜，例如白光 ，具有稱爲第一主射線，直接進至第一面11而未遭遇任 何反射之主發射射線F 1，射線F 1例如大致垂直於第一面 1 1。爲更簡明，該組二極體以射線F1之相同主（單一） 方向選擇。爲均勻發光，以相同光譜、單色或多色選擇一 個相同組之二極體。發射錐可相對於F對稱或不對稱。發 射錐可例如爲朗伯式（lambertian )。各二極體之光束發 散，並由至少60°之中高度半角α所界定。 二極體2爲SMD型或晶片直裝電路板（CHIP ON BOARD )型。第一和第二PCB支撐20係特別是鋁的金屬 直條，且任選地於二極體2周圍有射線回收用擴散表面（ 未圖示）。 各組二極體2被配置來經由第一玻璃1，於周邊發光 帶40發光，其具有既定寬度’並遍及其整個寬度包括稱 爲第一擴散機構之擴散機構4，用以擴散與玻璃相關之二 極體2所發射之光。 -27- 201234580 與第一組二極體相關之第一周邊發光帶40沿玻璃 100之第一縱緣。另一第一周邊發光帶40與第二組二極 體相關，其沿玻璃1 〇〇之第二縱緣。 第一主射線F1射至第一擴散機構。相鄰之第一組二 極體之光束重疊於第一擴散機構之表面上。 第一擴散機構4能修改玻璃丨之發光傳輸，例如使其 介於40與85%之間。擴散機構4防止二極體所發射發光 射線的過強傳輸，對朝玻璃1 0 0觀看之個人大幅減少閃光 〇 藉由以下獲得玻璃之面11上之擴散機構4: - 在此藉由像是對來自SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS公 司之Satinovo®玻璃所進行之玻璃砂磨或酸化處 理， - 或作爲變化例，藉由添加例如琺瑯和藉由網版印 刷所獲得之擴散層，或對來自SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS公司之具有擴散層之玻璃Smoothlite® 玻璃所進行之擴散層，網版印刷具有可獲得具有 良好界定界標之任一型設計之優點， - 或作爲變化例，於玻璃之厚度中，藉由雷射蝕刻 〇 在另一變化例中，當玻璃1經由中間層層疊而與額外 玻璃層疊時，擴散機構藉由設計擴散塑膠中間層來構成。 在此，兩個第一發光帶40係直線（如於第1 c圖中所 示），各具有第一縱緣41和第二縱緣42。 -28- 201234580 當然，此二第一發光帶40可在其形狀、其寬度、其 顏色、其性質（不同擴散機構等）上相同或不同。 各第一發光帶40之寬度例如小於200毫米或實際上 小於1 0 0毫米。 在玻璃1上，較佳地比發光帶還寬之中央裝飾區60 分隔此等第一發光帶40。在此，這是沉積於後面之形成 鏡之反射區，或著色裝飾區或半透明區。 就各組二極體2而言，面板1 00又於後面1 1側包括 第一二極體軌3，其係長形金屬單體組件，例如由鍍鋁製 成，且在厚度上小於或等於3毫米，具有二折彎或彎曲。 各二極體軌3 (圖示於第lb圖之透視圖中）包括： - 第一長形平面底座30，寬度較第一擴散機構4 之寬度小，該底座具有面對該第一擴散機構4及 載裝該等二極體2之支撐20之主正面，該支撐 20定中心於此等擴散機構4 ; - 以及在第一底座之各側，並連結至該第一底座： - 第一長形側凸緣3 1，形成光學聚光鏡，係平面 且矩形截面，該第一凸緣31偏離第一底座而朝 向第一面，並相對於第一面11傾斜，以首先接 收角度大於或等該中高度半角α之此等第一組二 極體之所謂第一側射線R 1，並使其等返回到： - 面對具有第一擴散機構之區域上，或將其等反射 於面對具有第一擴散機構之第一凸緣的區域上， - 第二長形側凸緣32，相對於第一底座，與第一 -29 - 201234580 凸緣相向，係平面且矩形截面，在此，該第二凸 緣32藉由相對於第一面傾斜，偏離底座30而朝 向第一面，該第二凸緣能接收角度大於或等於該 中高度半角α之此等第一組二極體之所謂第二側 射線R2，並使其等返回到： - 面對具有第一擴散機構之第一底座30之區域上 - 朝向第一傾斜凸緣， - 面對具有第一擴散機構之第二凸緣的區域上。 據此，以簡單方式，就各二極體軌3而言： - 第一底座30係平面，寬度較第一擴散機構4之 寬度小， - 第一側凸緣3 1，相對於第一面傾斜，形成相對 於第一面1 1之45°之所謂偏轉角， - 第二平面側凸緣32偏離第一底座30之正面而朝 向第一面1 1，並相對於第一面傾斜’形成相對 於第一面11之45°之所謂偏轉角。 因此，各軌之橫剖面呈擴口 U型。 第一凸緣31和第二凸緣32延伸直到與第一面11接 觸爲止或直到最大留下小於5毫米間隙爲止’以重新導引 最大部分的側射線。 第一發光帶40之寬度大致等於第一擴散機構4之寬 度，並對應第一與第二凸緣31、32間之寬度對第一玻璃 1之垂直投影。 -30- 201234580 二極體2熔接在與相關之PCB支撐20之金屬材料電 絕緣之痕跡上。支撐之金屬材料爲熱導體，支撐可直接抵 住第一熱導體底座，以獲得熱消散。接著可例如藉由夾緊 和/或螺緊，進行支撐對底座之固定。 在此，插入例如爲膠或雙面黏膠帶之熱導體接合材料 2 1，以獲得更佳熱消散。 黏膠帶21呈現提供校準厚度，容許二極體2之支撐 2〇爲完美平面，並確保二極體全部與第一玻璃1等距之 優點。而且，黏膠帶容許其事先固定於支撐20。較佳地 亦可使用諸如Jetart公司所售CK4960®化合物之熱脂於支 撐與第一底座30之間。 就各二極體軌3而言，較佳係將用於第一凸緣31或 者實際上用於第二凸緣32之端部之所謂前掩蔽機構61、 62添加至第一面1 1 (或作爲變化例，至第二面或與第二 面相關之額外玻璃），該機構選自形成鏡之反射層、第一 玻璃之特別是磨砂之擴散區、特別是著色且較佳地特別是 與第一擴散機構或與裝飾區同型之裝飾層。 可例如延長擴散區於發光區外，或擴展裝飾區於一凸 緣或多數凸緣外。 面板1 00例如藉形成面板之圍繞物和在正面52具有 回彎部51之U形截面之金屬框5固定於壁1’（壁、天花 板、隔間等）。 各二極體軌3具有用以藉螺絲5 ’固定於壁1 ’（壁、 天花板、隔間等）之表面，配置於底座3 0之後面，或作 -31 - 201234580 爲變化例，可和該壁隔開。 各種不同元件之尺寸舉例如下： - 玻璃之面積爲600x600毫米，且其爲厚度爲2.9 毫米之超清玻璃， • 壁1 ’與玻璃1間之距離爲2 8毫米， - 各第一發光帶之寬度爲40毫米，且各第一發光 帶40之長度爲550毫米， - 中央裝飾區之寬度約爲400毫米， - 各支撐載裝30個二極體，寬10毫米，長550毫 米，爲厚度1 .9毫米級，以及 - 二極體，無光學品，高度2毫米，寬度小於6毫 米，二極體2間之規則距離爲1 8毫米級， - 二極體與第一擴散機構間之距離爲20毫米級， - 二極體具有（約）〇 · 3 W之個別功率，至少 4 0 lm/W (流明/瓦）之效率， - 第一底座之寬度爲15毫米。 發光可特別是根據至少4〇 lm/W之總發光效率和大於 70%之光學效率（總效率對二極體效率之比）（流明/瓦 )來照射，同時均勻並呈現非常少閃光。 藉助於測角器’且在室溫下，以尋常方式測量效率。 底座、二極體支撐及支撐接合於底座用機構之熱導性質導 致LED所釋放之熱的消散，並有助於發光效率。 因此可形成： - 於建築用途中，天花板燈、牆壁瓷磚、隔間， -32- 201234580 - 用於運輸車輛之面板，特別是公共交通、火車、 地鐵、巴士或水上或空中載具（飛機）， - 公路或城市發光， - 城市家具之面板，諸如公共汽車候車亭、欄杆、 展示架、橱窗之一部分， - 擱置元件， - 室內裝修面板，諸如浴室、家具項目之牆壁。 玻璃可覆蓋配合所欲設計之諸如矩形、方形、圓形之 不同形狀或任何其他幾何形狀。 玻璃呈現至少85 %之高發光傳輸。舉例而言，可特 別是依美感展現或所欲光學效果和/或玻璃之用途而定： - 標準組成玻璃，像是來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之Planilux®微綠有色玻璃， - 無色（中性）超清玻璃，像是來自SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 公司之 D i am ant® 玻璃， - 角錐型印刷玻璃，像是來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS公司之 Albarino®玻璃，形式爲角錐之 浮雕確立在面對外部環境之玻璃之外表面， - 堅韌化玻璃，呈現較佳機械強度。 第Id圖係意欲形成另一二極體軌3之金屬板之示意 後視圖，根據本發明，該二極體軌3可集積入具有發光二 極體之裝飾與發光面板。 虛線表示折彎區3 2 ’以形成第一十字形底座，且藉由 添加切除區32’，第一側凸緣3 1和第二側凸緣32形成於 -33- 201234580 第一底座各側並連結至該底座。 第le圖係根據第Id圖之板獲得之二極體軌之示意正 視圖。 爲簡化佈局，有裝載第一組二極體2之第一垂直PCB 直條20，且在此條各側有裝載其他組二極體2之二水平 P C B直條2 0 〇 第If圖係自第le圖之具有軌之裝飾與發光面板上方 所取示意圖，其顯示十字形之中央發光帶40以及周邊相 鄰裝飾區60。 第lg圖係能集積入根據本發明具有發光二極體之裝 飾與發光面板之另一二極體軌之示意正視圖。 二極體軌3大致環形，其具有第一環形底座，以及連 結至該底座之第一和第二凸緣。 第lh圖係第lg圖之二極體軌之部分示意透視圖，顯 示軌之橫剖面係擴口 U形類型。 第li圖係自第lg圖之具有軌之裝飾與發光面板上方 所取示意圖，其顯示環形中央發光帶40、中央相鄰中央 裝飾區60以及相鄰周邊裝飾區60。 第2a圖顯示於本發明第二實施例中具有發光二極體 之裝飾與發光面板200之示意橫剖視圖。 僅說明與面板100之不同點。 面板200異於面板100之處特別是在於： - 有單一第一發光帶40之單一二極體軌3，其經 選擇爲中央，並具有二周邊裝飾區60， -34- 201234580 - 與二極體2a之第一PCB支撐並排，二極體2b 之第二PCB支撐添加至第一底座30。 於第二組二極體中，二極體2之每一者具有既定可見 發射光譜，例如白光，且具有稱爲第二主射線，直接射至 第一面1 1而未遭遇任何反射之主發射射線F2，射線F2 大致垂直於第一面11。 發射錐可相對於F對稱或不對稱。發射錐可例如爲朗 伯式（lambertian )。各二極體之光束發散，並由60°之中 高度半角α所界定。 於第二組二極體中，二極體2亦爲SMD型或晶片直 裝電路板（CHIP ON BOARD )型，且其PCB支撐20亦係 特別是鋁的直金屬條，且任選地於二極體2周圍有射線回 收用擴散表面（未圖示）。 爲更簡單，以射線F2以及和F 1相同之主方向（單一 )選擇該組二極體。 爲均勻發光，以相同光譜、單色或多色以及相同放射 錐選擇兩組二極體。 第二凸緣接收角度大於或等該中高度半角（α)之第 二組二極體（2b )之所謂第二側射線（R4 )，並使其等返 回（藉由反射）： - 至面對第一底座（30 )之區域中之第一擴散機構 (4)， - 或至第一斜凸緣（31)(會使其等返回到第一擴 散機構）， -35- 201234580 - 或進入第一玻璃（1)中面對第二凸緣（32)之 區域，該區域具有第一擴散機構。 且就第一組二極體2 a之中心與相鄰之第二組二極體 2b之中心間之既定距離L12而言，第一組角度等於中高 度半角α並朝第二凸緣前進之第一參考射線被界定爲 tana = L12/Hl，又第二組角度等於中高度半角α並朝第一 凸緣前進之第二參考射線被界定爲tana = L12/H2，第二組 二極體與第一擴散機構間之距離H2例如與H1相等。 從尺寸觀點看來，第一底座30之寬度加大至30毫米 ，且二條20之相鄰二極體2a與2b間之「組間」距離爲 1 3毫米。 第2b圖係具有兩個二極體支撐2a、2b之第2a圖之 裝飾與發光面板200之二極體軌之部分示意透視圖。 第2c圖係自第2a圖之裝飾與發光面板200上方所取 示意圖，其顯示中央發光帶40和周邊裝飾區60。 第3至5a圖顯示於本發明其他實施例中具有發光二 極體之裝飾與發光面板3 00至500之示意橫剖圖。 僅說明有關業已解說之玻璃之不同點。 第3圖所示面板3 00異於面板200之處在於二條型金 屬PCB支撐以屬於塑膠PCB板之單一支撐20取代。 二極體熔接在添加至板之二相向面22a和22c之熱消 散表面22 (稱爲熱墊）上，並根據其厚度2 2b，熔接在緊 急孔2 2中。 爲除熱，藉與熱消散表面22c相關，且必須爲電絕緣 -36- 201234580 體之熱導件接合材料21，進行板20之固定。 擴散機構4藉由添加擴散層製成。 固定機構5在玻璃1與壁1’之間。 第4圖所示面板4 00異於面板200之處在於軌3之雙 U形，其因此具有第二底座30,以及第三和第四側凸緣 31，、 32,。 第5a圖所示面板500異於面板200之處在於軌於第 一和第二兩側包括二延長部34、35、36之範圍 - 第一水平延長部，.面對裝飾區60，並用來藉螺 絲5 ’固定軌（和固定面板至壁1 ’）， - 第二垂直延長部35，至玻璃且至壁，並在正面 1 2上有回彎部36。 第5b圖係第5a圖之裝飾與發光面板5 00之延長二極 體軌2之部分示意透視圖。 【圖式簡單說明】 第la圖顯示於本發明第一實施例中具有發光二極體 之裝飾與發光面板1 〇〇之示意橫剖視圖； 第lb圖係第la圖之裝飾與發光面板1〇〇之二極體軌 之部分不意透視圖， 第lc圖係自第1圖之裝飾與發光面板1〇〇上方所取 不意圖； 第Id圖係欲形成另一二極體軌3之金屬板之示意後 視圖，該二極體軌3能被集積入根據本發明具有發光二極 -37- 201234580 體之裝飾與發光面板100 ; 第le圖係根據第Id圖之板所獲得二極體軌之示意正 視圖； 第If圖係自第le圖之具有軌之裝飾與發光面板上方 所取示意圖； 第lg圖係能集積入根據本發明具有發光二極體之裝 飾與發光面板之另一二極體軌之示意正視圖： 第lh圖係第lg圖之二極體軌之部分示意透視圖； 第li圖係自具有第lg圖之軌的裝飾與發光面板上方 所取示意圖（玻璃側）； 第2a圖顯示於本發明第二實施例中具有發光二極體 之裝飾與發光面板200之示意橫剖圖； 第2b圖係第2a圖之裝飾與發光面板2 00之二極體軌 之部分示意透視圖； 第2c圖係自第2a圖之裝飾與發光面板200上方所取 示意圖； 第' 3至5 a圖顯示於本發明其他實施例中具有發光二 極體之裝飾與發光面板300至500之示意橫剖圖； 第5b圖係第5a圖之裝飾與發光面板500之二極體軌 之部分示意透視圖。 【元件符號說明】 1 :玻璃 1，：壁 -38- 201234580 2、2a、2b :發光二極體 3 :第一二極體軌 4 :第一擴散機構 5:固定機構（金屬框架） 5 ’ ：螺絲 1 1 :第一主面 12 :第二主面 20 :第一長形PCB二極體支撐 21:黏膠帶（熱導體接合材料） 22 =熱消散表面 22a 、 22c ：板 22b :厚度 30 :第一底座 30’ ：第二底座 31 :第一凸緣 32 :第二凸緣 3 1 ’ ：第三側凸緣 3 2 ’ ：第四側凸緣 34:第一水平延長部 3 5 :第二垂直延長部 3 6 :回彎部 40 :第一發光帶 41 :第一縱緣 4 2 :第二縱緣 -39- 201234580 5 1 :回彎部 52 :正面 60 :第一裝飾區 6 1 :前掩蔽機構 62 =前掩蔽機構 100、 200、 300-500 ：面板 F 1、F 2 :射線 R 1 :第一側射線 R2 :第二側射線 -40S -9 - 201234580 The design of the luminous strip is very flexible. A number of different light strips can be formed by a plurality of sets of diodes on the same base. The diode track is naturally longer than the width. The first base may optionally include other sets of diodes to form another strip of light, for example, in the extension of the first strip of light. To form a distinctly different illuminating strip, particularly a illuminating frame or illuminating cross, a suitably shaped diode track, or a plurality of diode tracks spaced or joined, may be used. To be as cautious as possible and to maximize the area of the decorative area, the first diode track preferably occupies a limited space in the glass, e.g., its width is only sufficient to achieve its concentrator function. And in the case of a plurality of diode tracks, the diode tracks can be narrow and/or wide spaced for this purpose. The first longitudinal edge (and/or the first flange) of the first illuminating strip (preferably the first diffusing mechanism) can be straight or curved. The first illuminating strip can be straight or curved. In particular, the first illuminating strip can be particularly annular. Preferably, if the first illuminating strip is at the periphery, the first side flange is at the farthest side of the first longitudinal edge from the center of the glass. Preferably, the so-called "longitudinal" rays of the diode traveling along the length of the strip of light (as opposed to the side rays along the width of the strip) directly encounter the first diffusing radiation (no reflection). Preferably, in particular, the diode track does not include any -10-201234580 (approximately) "vertical" wall throughout the length of the carrier diode, particularly the length of one or a plurality of diodes of the first group. If the first flange is short (relatively spaced from the first glass), the side ray then directly encounters the first diffusing ray outside the surface facing the first flange. In this case, preferably, a first diffusing mechanism is provided which is also in the more edge-emitting region of the first glass. Preferably, the light-emitting edge region is limited to less than 10 mm. The second flange is also true. Preferably, the first flange comprises a first ray reflection limiting zone, usually fixed by its end, at a predetermined limit angle with respect to the main ray F1, the range of the first diffusion mechanism (facing the diode and one or more The multi-edge zone) diffuses most or substantially at least 80% or indeed even 100% of the rays having an angle less than the limiting angle by the first diffusing mechanism in the direction of the first face. If the first reflection limiting area of the emitted radiation contacts the first side, it is of course not necessary to extend the first diffusion mechanism outside the contact area. The diode is for example located in the center of the first diffusion mechanism. In order to increase the uniformity, at least 80% of the so-called central rays having an angle less than or equal to the middle height half angle a are incident on the first diffusion mechanism: - the width of the first diffusion mechanism is such that the central rays directly hit the first diffusion mechanism, - And/or the first flange is in range after being reflected on the first flange, the central rays are incident on the first diffusing mechanism, and - or the rail comprises a second elongate side flange, relative to the first base Facing the first flange, preferably connected to the first base, and the second flange is reflected on the second flange, the central rays are incident on the first diffusing mechanism. -11 - 201234580 To enhance uniformity and brightness, the rail includes a second elongate side flange, opposite the first base, opposite the first flange, preferably joined to the first base, forming a particularly rectangular or square cross section The optical concentrator, the second flange is preferably offset from the base toward the first side, and preferably inclined relative to the first surface, the second flange being capable of receiving an angle greater than or equal to the mid-height half angle (α) The so-called second side rays of the first set of diodes are returned and returned (by reflection): - to the first diffusing mechanism in the region facing the first base, - or to the first inclined flange (to return it to the first diffusion mechanism), - or into the area of the first glass facing the second flange, preferably the area has the area of the first diffusion mechanism. And optionally the second flange, preferably joined to the first base, forms a spacer having a wall of glass or forms a portion of the attachment mechanism having a wall. This second flange can be straight due to the inclination of the first flange. This second flange presents benefits similar to those already exhibited by the first flange. The second side flange according to the present invention can also be used to recover the backscattering and/or reflection of the diffusing mechanism on each side of the diode, such as light on the support of the diode (especially the PCB support of the diode). . The second flange forming the optical concentrating mirror is preferably not a collimator. The second flange can be substantially planar or curved. The second flange is preferably a substantially planar plate (metal or metallized, etc.), particularly at the junction with the first base (preferably a planar or substantially curved plate extension), or adjacent the first base Bending or Bending -12- 201234580 Preferably, the inner face of the second flange (the side of the diode) has a rectangular raceway. The second side flange is preferably closer to the first side than the first base. The first base can carry a plurality of mutually parallel diodes on one or more supports (PCB), all of which face the first diffusion mechanism. The "inter-group" distance between the first set of diodes and the adjacent second set of diodes can be adjusted for the overlap of the illuminating beams to form a wide continuous and preferably uniform (especially its width) Light strip. Preferably, for good overlap of the illuminating beams, the distances within and between the groups are substantially the same to form a continuous and uniform width and length (especially over its width and at its length). Thus, in a configuration having a plurality of rows of diodes, the first bottom carrier is aligned and parallel to the second set of diodes of the first set of light emitting diodes that are also aligned, the second set of diodes Each of the dipoles has a defined visible emission spectrum, each of the dipoles being disposed in the interior void and facing the first side to directly illuminate the first illuminating strip via the first glass, such Each of the second set of diodes has a main emitting ray F2 called a second main ray that directly strikes the first side without encountering any reflection. Preferably, the second main ray F2 is substantially perpendicular to the first a beam emitted by each of the second set of diodes is diverged and defined by a height half angle α of at least 30°, and the second main ray F2 is incident on the first diffusion mechanism adjacent to the second The beam of the group diode overlaps the surface of the first diffusion mechanism, and the beams of the adjacent first and second groups of diodes overlap the surface of the first diffusion mechanism, and the second group of diodes The distance 体2 between the body and the first diffusion mechanism (for example, the third side) is at least 5 mm. Less than 40 mm. -13- 201234580 Moreover, the diode rail includes a second elongate side flange, opposite the first flange, opposite the first flange, preferably joined to the first base, forming a particularly rectangular or square cross section An optical concentrator, the second flange is offset from the base toward a first slope that is inclined relative to the first surface, and the second flange is capable of receiving the second group of illuminations having an angle greater than or equal to the mid-height angle (α) The so-called second side ray of the diode and returning it (by reflection): - to the first diffusing mechanism in the area facing the first base, - or to the first inclined flange (to make it back To the first diffusion mechanism, - or into the region of the first glass facing the second flange, the region preferably having the region of the first diffusion mechanism. And preferably, for uniformity, the angle is equal to the mid-height half angle α for the predetermined distance L 1 2 between the centers of the first set of diodes and the centers of the adjacent second set of diodes The first reference ray of the first set of diodes is defined as tana = L12/H1, and the second reference ray of the second set of diodes having an angle equal to the mid-height half angle is defined as tana = L12/H2. In an embodiment, in order to efficiently concentrate side rays, when the crucible is included, the first side flange inclined with respect to the first surface forms a so-called deflection angle between 35 and 55° with respect to the first surface. The first flange is flat (bar, parallelogram) or curved, and is in a plane relative to the first face, inclined according to the so-called deflection angle. And preferably, the second flange can be offset from the front surface of the first base toward the first surface and inclined with respect to the first surface, and when included, is formed between 35 and 55 degrees with respect to the first surface. The so-called deflection angle between the second flanges -14, 201234580 plane (strip, parallelogram) or curved, and in the (main) midplane relative to the first plane, according to the so-called deflection angle . In the design of the invention: - the vertical projection of the (inner) end of the first side flange to the first face (the height of the surface of the first diffusing means) substantially corresponds to the first longitudinal edge of the light strip and in fact a first diffusing mechanism, - the vertical projection of the (inner) end of the second side flange to the first face (the height of the surface of the first diffusing mechanism) substantially corresponds to the second longitudinal edge of the light strip and substantially the first Diffusion mechanism. In a simple design, the width of the first illuminating strip is substantially equal to the width of the first diffusing mechanism, thereby avoiding flashing in the direct illuminating region of the first transparent glass outside the diffusing region, and corresponding to the first and second flanges The vertical projection of the width of the surface of the first diffusion mechanism to the first glass. Through the selection of the flange, a strip-shaped illuminating zone having first and second predetermined limiting longitudinal edges is produced. Preferably, to simply limit the light strip and optimally concentrate the light beam there, the first flange and/or the second flange can extend until the first face is contacted or until a gap of less than 5 mm is left at most . In an advantageous design, at least 80% of all rays are directed to the first diffusing mechanism facing the first base and the side flanges. The removal of heat avoids the deterioration of the efficiency of the diodes' and thus ensures better luminous efficiency and ensures the longevity of the diode. Thus, the 'first pole of the first two-pole rail' can be a metal-, in particular, a component of inscription, copper or stainless steel, forming a first-thermal conductor. -15- 201234580 In an advantageous manner, in particular substantially aligned, the first set of diodes (regular) are distributed over a first elongate common support, the first support being associated with the first base, in particular the printing of the strip Circuit board. The printed circuit board or PCB is in the form of a wide board or strip. It consists of plastic or metal. Often, the strip is made of metal and the board is made of plastic. The diode support (PCB) can be any shape, such as a flat surface, particularly a straight strip such as a square or rectangular cross section. The support can be opaque because it can be masked by an opaque selected diode track. The use of such existing support (PCB) with its connected circuitry further simplifies the manufacture and maintenance of the glass and further limits the reject rate. In particular, the monolithic first diode track may comprise a plurality of diode supports (PCB) that are aligned with each other to form a uniform and continuous band of light or to form distinctly different bands of illumination. The plurality of sets of diodes can be disposed on distinctly different supports including a plurality of narrow strips, or on a first common support (PCB) such as an elongate printed circuit board that generally corresponds to a wider width of the base surface. The advantage of a plurality of strips of a single PCB board (supporting several sets or rows of diodes) is to reduce the manufacturing cost by optimizing the useful area for the diode configuration, and to accommodate the elastic distribution of many sets of diodes, and Therefore adapting its design and ultimately reducing maintenance costs, only defective strips must be replaced. It is known that heat removal avoids deterioration of the efficiency of the diode, and thus ensures better luminous efficiency and ensures long life of the diode. Thus, in an advantageous manner, in particular for an average or high power diode, the first support (PCB) can be fixed to a first heat conductor of a metal type, in particular aluminum, copper or stainless steel-16-201234580, Preferably, the ground is formed at least by a first base of the first diode rail, the first support accumulating heat dissipation mechanism and/or associated with a heat dissipation mechanism coupled to the first heat conductor. The heat dissipation mechanism associated with the accumulation and/or the first support (PCB) of the diodes can be composed of a first support of the metal type or a metal surface supported by the first electrical insulation and optionally The ground is formed by a mechanism for engaging the first support to the first heat conductor, in particular by a first base of the first diode track, which performs thermal conduction of a thermal conductive adhesive tape or a glue type, and if the support is electrically insulated The agent is made of an electrically insulating material. Preferably, the diode support (PCB) is metal and the diode is fused to traces electrically isolated from the metal material. The supporting metal material is a thermal conductor, and the support can directly resist the heat conductor to obtain heat dissipation. The attachment of the support (PCB) to the base can be fixed, for example, by clamping and/or screwing. Thermal conductors (such as thermal grease, hot adhesive tape, and/or thermal glue, etc.) can be inserted for better heat dissipation, for better luminescence efficiency and for the longevity of the diode. Adhesive tape presents the advantage of providing a calibrated thickness that allows for a perfect plane to be supported and ensures that the diodes are equidistant from the reflector. Moreover, the adhesive tape allows it to be fixed to the support in advance. The diode support (PCB) is preferably mounted via a double-sided adhesive or curable adhesive (which does not provide immediate fixation) because it allows a small-sized support to be positioned relative to the reflector. By means of a plastic diode support (PCB), the diode is fused to the heat dissipation surface (referred to as the "heat pad") added to the opposite side of the support, and the thickness is -17-201234580. The fixing must be carried out via an electrically insulating material for joining the heat conductors associated with the heat dissipating surface. The material for bonding the heat conductor is, for example, a rubber or heat-conductive double-sided adhesive tape which has been cited. For better luminous efficiency, the first support (PCB) can be loaded with a free surface (planar or inclined) around the first set of diodes and, for example, diffused varnish or lacquer. For example, a white reflector is used. According to a feature, the diode can be encapsulated, and can also comprise a semiconductor microchip and, for example, an epoxy or PMMA type resin for encapsulating the microchip. This package is versatile: protection against oxidation and humidity, conversion of wavelength diffusing elements, etc. The diode can be, for example, a semiconductor microchip of a size of hundreds of microns or millimeters; and optionally has a minimum package, for example for protection. It is not necessary to use an optical product such as a lens to guide the light emitted by the diode toward the favorite area. The diode can be buried in common protective materials (waterproof, dustproof, etc.). Therefore, preferably, the diode can be a simple microchip or have a low-capacity package such as an SMD ("surface mount device") or "wafer direct mount" type, rather than low power and luminous efficiency. (first generation) diode. The diode can be: - "Medium power" diode, which is greater than o. Iw has a brightness greater than or equal to 8 lumens, - a "high power" diode, i.e., greater than or equal to 1 W or having a brightness greater than or equal to 80 lumens. From the point of view of size, at least -18-201234580 of the following characteristics of the diode can be foreseen: - the diode is less than 1 cm in height, or actually less than 5 cm, - the diode is smaller in width 1 cm (diameter), - the diodes are identical and regularly spaced apart by the distance within the group representing the distance between the axes of the continuous diodes, optionally in the same level as the inherent diode size, - the first set of diodes Aligned and regularly spaced apart by a distance within the group representing the distance between the axes of the continuous diodes, the second set of diodes representing the distance between the axes of the adjacent two diodes, for example, the same level as the distance within the group The distance between groups, parallel to the first group, is aligned and regularly spaced, - the number of first set of diodes is at least equal to 1 〇. The sturdiness of the diode is particularly advantageous in large-scale use such as public transportation such as trains, airplanes, public cars, cruise ships, and the like. One or more sets of diodes can be coupled to the drive mechanism to impart a variety of different intensities, a predetermined color or a variety of different colors, either permanently or intermittently, particularly depending on the amount of natural light. The first diode track according to the invention may be a monomer, in particular a metal or a dual material. The first base and/or the first flange and/or the optional second flange can comprise a substrate (preferably mineral): - for example coated with a reflective layer (mirror reflection or diffuse reflection), - coated shiny Metal layer (especially reflection coefficient greater than or equal to -19-201234580 70% or virtually 80% mirror reflection) or matte layer (diffusion reflection), - coating diffusion layer (珐琅, white varnish, etc.), - textured Or rough to spread, - it is made of metal, especially made of aluminum. The first base and/or the first flange and/or the optional second flange may be flat or concave (on the side of the diode). The first diode rail according to the present invention may preferably have a flared L-shaped cross section (formed by the base and a single first side flange), or a substantially flared U-shaped cross section (by the base, the first side) The flange and the second side flange are formed). In a first simple design, the first diode track, in particular an aluminized metal monolithic component, has one or more bends or bends comprising a first base (forming a thermal conductor), a first flange and Preferably the second flange, in particular a component having a thickness of less than or equal to 3 mm or indeed 1 mm. In another design, the second flange forming the concentrating mirror is separated from the first diode rail and is: - for example a straight rail, in particular a metal or metallized, flat or concave surface, in particular formed with a panel a spacer of the glass of the support wall or a portion of the attachment mechanism forming the support wall of the panel. Optionally, it is inclined relative to the first face, and when included, is formed to be 35 with respect to the first face. The so-called deflection angle between 5 and 5 degrees. Moreover, for the sake of caution, the vertical projection of the first flange and/or the second flange to the first face may be selected to be less than or equal to 4 cm, and preferably less than or -20 to 201234580 equal to 2 cm. The first base can be placed against or against the support wall of the panel. Optionally, the first diode track has a surface for supporting or actually securing to the support wall of the panel. The first diode track can be secured to the wall by screwing, clamping type mechanical attachment or by pasting, or indeed another element in the internal space between the rear wall and the wall. In one embodiment, the first light strip is curved, particularly annular, and the first base and the first flange are also curved. From a dimensional point of view, at least one of the following features is foreseen: - the first illuminating strip (preferably the width of the first diffusing means) is less than 30% of the width of the glass surface, - the first and second sides The vertical projection of the width between the flanges to the glass is less than 30% of the width of the glass surface, - the first illumination strip is at least equal to 5 cm in length, the length of the first illumination strip being particularly equal to the glass having the corners (square Length of the relevant side edge or longitudinal edge of the rectangle, etc. - the length of the first diode track is equal to the length of the first diffusion mechanism, - the length of the first support (PCB) is approximately equal to the length of the diode track, - The first support (PCB) is less than 2 cm in thickness, or is actually less than 1 cm. In the case of large glass areas, when the first decorative area, especially the central area, has significantly different established functions, the 'first light strip covers one part of the glass for the extremely narrow-21 - 201234580 light strip (functional, visible) region. The (maximum) width (constant or variable width) of the first illuminating strip may be particularly intended to leave a substantial decorative area, preferably less than 200 mm or indeed less than or equal to 100 mm. The first illuminating strip may be of a peripheral type, particularly along the edge of the glass, and the first more central decoration' and thus further away from the diode than the first decorative area. The first illuminating strip may be in a predetermined area of the glass, such as the central area, and the first decorative area may be further peripheral. The first decorative zone (single or multiple, uniform or non-uniform) may be selected from the group consisting of: - a reflective zone, formed by depositing a reflective coating such as silver on the glass, particularly on the back surface, preferably Having a first diffusion mechanism formed by mirror etching, and/or a translucent region, for example by texturing of the glass, to produce a smooth, - and/or opaque and/or colored region, by opaque and/or colored coating Or borrow a whole batch of tinted glass. To ensure mirror function, the reflective surface can typically be a silver-based layer. The mirror can be a SGG Miralite product from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, with an oxidation-resistant lacquer or a chrome-based variation, such as the SGG Mirastar product from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS. The panel may preferably be on the glass, in particular on the first or second side 'or on the additional glass associated with the second side, including a so-called front masking mechanism' to mask the first flange or actually The ends of the two flanges are selected from the group consisting of mirror-forming reflective layers, diffusion layers, decorative layers, especially colored, and preferably -22-201234580, especially those of the first diffusing mechanism or the decorative region. For example, a wider diffusion zone may be formed than the illuminating zone, or a decorative zone extending under a flange or a plurality of flanges. The panel may include another first light-emitting strip associated with the glass, having another diffusing mechanism having a width substantially the same as that of the first diffusing mechanism, the first strips being preferably joined to form an L-shape, or substantially a cross shape 'The first base is L-shaped, or substantially cross-shaped, and carries another set of diodes that illuminate the other first light-emitting strip, the first side flange and the second side flange being coupled to the first A base is formed by extrusion, in particular by bending, cutting and/or by forming. Preferably, the panel comprises the simple single glass (by comparison to multiple glasses). Using only one piece of glass, the panel according to the present invention is simple, lightweight, easy to handle and install, and compact. In connection with the first diffusion mechanism, the glass exhibits an illuminating transmission of less than 85% or indeed less than or equal to 70%, and preferably greater than or equal to 20%, or indeed greater than or equal to 40%. The illuminance of the first illuminating strip may preferably be greater than 70% or substantially greater than or equal to 85 %, and in a conventional manner, measured by a so-called turbidimeter device, the first diffusing mechanism is preferably disposed in the thickness of the glass. And/or on the first side, they are thus protected and the second side in contact with the external environment is smooth and easily cleanable. The first diffusion mechanism may be particularly preferably associated with the first side, and for example the first expansion -23-201234580 dispersion mechanism is treated by surface treatment of the glass 'in particular sanding, acidification, rubbing, or by adding The diffusion elements of the layer are preferably formed by screen printing of tantalum or a diffusion layer or based on a diffusion of plastic laminated with glass. If the diffusing mechanisms are disposed in and/or on the thickness of the glass, they are thus protected and the front surface in contact with the external environment is smooth and easy to clean. Acid leaching uranium, sanding, etching (favorably by laser) or screen printing is preferred because it provides a landmark for the treated area, which can be easily controlled and replicated in the industry. Satinovo® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS and glass Smoothlite® glass with diffusion layer from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS can be used as acidified glass. The glass is of any shape (rectangular, square, circular, etc.) and is optionally curved into an arc. The glass can be made of clear or virtually ultra clear mineral glass. In the case of ultra clear glass, a patent application WO04/025334 for the construction of super clear glass can be mentioned. It can be specially selected to have less than 0. 05% of Felll or Fe203 soda lime bismuth glass. Choose from Diamant® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, Albarino® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS (textured or smoothed), Pilkington OptiWHITE® glass, B270® glass from Schott. Moreover, mineral glass is preferred for use in glass due to its many benefits: -24- 201234580 - Glass exhibits good heat resistance and is close to the diode, although it forms a hot spot, - the glass is mechanically strong, making it easy to clean. It does not scratch, thereby demonstrating the special benefits of using glass that is strictly required for installation and positioning. - Glass meets fire safety standards. For example, it may be particularly aesthetically pleasing or desired for optical effects and/or use of decorative and illuminating panels: - standard composition glass, such as Diamant® micro green tinted glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, - Colorless (neutral) ultra clear glass, such as D i am ant® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, - pyramidal printing glass, like Albarino® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, established in the form of a relief of a pyramid On the outer surface of the glass facing the external environment, - firming the glass, exhibiting better mechanical strength, - via the second side of the glass laminated with the additional glass, the first diffusion mechanism can then be placed on the interlayer, or in the additional glass On, - tinted glass. A scratch-resistant coating-type functional coating of an optically effective element facing one or more of the external environment or an element such as printed on a glass can be foreseen without impeding the illuminating function. The distance between the glass and the wall may be between 5 and 40 mm' and is for example 12 mm. -25 - 201234580 The partition between the glass and the wall can be a frame (C-section, closed section, especially square or rectangular). The glass can form decorative lighting, architectural lighting, and signal illumination. Panels in accordance with the present invention can be used in any type of application, particularly in residential, industrial, and industrial vehicles such as trains, boats, and airplanes. Decorative and illuminating panels are particularly intended: - for buildings such as ceiling lights, wall tiles, compartments, - for transport vehicles, especially public transport, trains, subways, trams, buses or water or airborne vehicles ( Aircraft), - for road or city lighting, - for urban furniture glass, as bus shelters, railings, display stands, for shelving components, - for holding interior glass for interiors, as walls for bathrooms, furniture projects . [Embodiment] It will now be explained by way of illustration only, and without limiting the scope of the invention, Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a panel 100 for decoration and illumination having a light-emitting diode in a first embodiment of the present invention. The panel 100 comprises: - a glass 1, made of mineral glass, a flat, for example a square or rectangular glass plate, having a first main face 11 forming a rear face and a second main face 12 forming a front face; -26- 201234580 - the first group The inorganic light-emitting diode 2 (or LED) is disposed on the rear side along the first longitudinal edge of the glass 100. The diodes are aligned and regularly distributed on the first elongated PCB diode support 20, which is Strip type, - a second set of inorganic light-emitting diodes 2 (or LEDs), disposed along the second longitudinal edge of the glass 100, disposed on the back side, the diodes being aligned and regularly distributed over the first elongated PCB diode On the body support 20, it is a strip type. Each of the diodes 2 has a predetermined visible emission spectrum, such as white light, having a primary emission ray F, referred to as a first primary ray, directly entering the first face 11 without encountering any reflection, and the ray F1 is, for example, substantially vertical On the first side 1 1 . To be more concise, the set of diodes is selected in the same main (single) direction of ray F1. For uniform illumination, one identical set of diodes is selected in the same spectrum, single color or multiple colors. The emission cone can be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to F. The emission cone can be, for example, a lambertian. The beams of each of the diodes are divergent and are defined by a height half angle α of at least 60°. The diode 2 is of the SMD type or the CHIP ON BOARD type. The first and second PCB supports 20 are, in particular, metal straight strips of aluminum, and optionally have a diffusing surface for radiation recovery (not shown) around the diodes 2. Each set of diodes 2 is configured to emit light through the first glass 1 at a peripheral illumination strip 40 having a predetermined width 'and including a diffusion mechanism 4 referred to as a first diffusion mechanism throughout its width for diffusion associated with the glass The light emitted by the diode 2 is. -27- 201234580 The first peripheral illuminating strip 40 associated with the first set of diodes is along the first longitudinal edge of the glass 100. Another first peripheral illuminating strip 40 is associated with a second set of diodes along the second longitudinal edge of the glass. The first main ray F1 is incident on the first diffusion mechanism. The beams of the adjacent first set of diodes overlap the surface of the first diffusing mechanism. The first diffusing mechanism 4 can modify the illuminating transmission of the glass crucible, for example between 40 and 85%. The diffusion mechanism 4 prevents excessive transmission of the illuminating rays emitted by the diode, and greatly reduces the flash for the person viewing the glass 100. The diffusion mechanism 4 on the surface 11 of the glass is obtained by: - by Glass sanding or acidification of Satinovo® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, - or as a variant, by adding, for example, germanium and a diffusion layer obtained by screen printing, or from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS Diffusion layer of the company's diffusion layer of glass Smoothlite® glass, screen printing has the advantage of being able to obtain any type of design with well-defined boundaries, or as a variation, in the thickness of the glass, by laser Etching 〇 In another variation, when the glass 1 is laminated via an intermediate layer and laminated with additional glass, the diffusion mechanism is constructed by designing a diffusion plastic intermediate layer. Here, the two first light-emitting strips 40 are straight (as shown in Figure 1c), each having a first longitudinal edge 41 and a second longitudinal edge 42. -28- 201234580 Of course, the two first light strips 40 may be the same or different in their shape, their width, their color, their properties (different diffusing mechanisms, etc.). The width of each of the first light strips 40 is, for example, less than 200 mm or substantially less than 100 mm. On the glass 1, the central decorative area 60, which is preferably wider than the light-emitting strip, separates the first light-emitting strips 40. Here, this is a reflective area deposited on the rear forming mirror, or a colored decorative area or a translucent area. For each set of diodes 2, the panel 100 further includes a first diode rail 3 on the rear side 1 1 which is an elongated metal monolithic component, for example made of aluminized, and less than or equal in thickness 3 mm with two bends or bends. Each of the diode rails 3 (shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1b) includes: - a first elongate planar base 30 having a smaller width than the first diffusing mechanism 4, the base having the first diffusing mechanism facing 4 and a main front surface of the support 20 carrying the diodes 2, the support 20 is centered on the diffusing mechanism 4; - and on each side of the first base, and coupled to the first base: - first The elongated side flange 31 forms an optical concentrating mirror which is flat and rectangular in cross section. The first flange 31 is offset from the first base toward the first surface and is inclined with respect to the first surface 11 to first receive an angle greater than or equal to The so-called first side ray R 1 of the first set of diodes of the middle height half angle α and returning it to: - facing the area having the first diffusing mechanism, or reflecting it to face On a region having a first flange of the first diffusing mechanism, - a second elongate side flange 32, opposite the first base, facing the first -29 - 201234580 flange, is planar and rectangular in cross section, The second flange 32 is inclined toward the first surface by being inclined with respect to the first surface, away from the base 30, The second flange can receive the so-called second side ray R2 of the first set of diodes having an angle greater than or equal to the middle height half angle α and return it to: - face the first with the first diffusion mechanism On the area of the base 30 - facing the first inclined flange, - facing the area of the second flange having the first diffusing means. Accordingly, in a simple manner, with respect to each of the diode rails 3: - the first base 30 is flat, the width is smaller than the width of the first diffusing mechanism 4, - the first side flange 3 1, relative to the first side Tilting, forming a so-called deflection angle of 45° with respect to the first surface 11 - the second planar side flange 32 is offset from the front surface of the first base 30 toward the first surface 11 and inclined with respect to the first surface The so-called deflection angle of 45° with respect to the first face 11. Therefore, the cross section of each rail is flared U-shaped. The first flange 31 and the second flange 32 extend until contact with the first face 11 or until a gap of less than 5 mm is left at most to re-direct the side beam of the largest portion. The width of the first illuminating strip 40 is substantially equal to the width of the first diffusing mechanism 4 and corresponds to the vertical projection of the width of the first and second flanges 31, 32 against the first glass 1. -30- 201234580 Diode 2 is fused to traces of electrical insulation from the metal material of the associated PCB support 20. The supporting metallic material is a thermal conductor, and the support can directly abut the first thermal conductor base to achieve heat dissipation. The support can then be secured to the base, for example by clamping and/or screwing. Here, a heat conductor bonding material 2 1 such as a glue or a double-sided adhesive tape is inserted to obtain better heat dissipation. The adhesive tape 21 is presented to provide a calibrated thickness, allowing the support 2 of the diode 2 to be a perfect plane and to ensure that the diodes are all equidistant from the first glass 1. Moreover, the adhesive tape allows it to be fixed to the support 20 in advance. Preferably, a thermal grease such as a CK4960® compound sold by Jetart is used between the support and the first base 30. For each of the diode rails 3, it is preferred to add a so-called front masking mechanism 61, 62 for the first flange 31 or actually for the end of the second flange 32 to the first face 1 1 ( Or as a variant, to the second side or to the additional glass associated with the second side, the mechanism is selected from the group consisting of a reflective layer forming a mirror, a diffusion zone of the first glass, in particular a matte, in particular a colouring and preferably, in particular A decorative layer of the same type as the first diffusing mechanism or the decorative area. For example, the diffusion zone may be extended beyond the illumination zone, or the decorative zone may be extended beyond a flange or a plurality of flanges. The panel 100 is fixed to the wall 1' (wall, ceiling, compartment, etc.) by, for example, a surround formed with a panel and a metal frame 5 having a U-shaped cross section of the front portion 52 having a bent portion 51. Each of the diode rails 3 has a surface for fixing to the wall 1' (wall, ceiling, compartment, etc.) by screws 5', and is disposed behind the base 30, or as a variation of -31 - 201234580, The walls are separated. The dimensions of the various components are as follows: - The area of the glass is 600 x 600 mm and the thickness is 2. 9 mm ultra clear glass, • Wall 1 'distance from glass 1 is 28 mm, - each first strip has a width of 40 mm, and each first strip 40 has a length of 550 mm, - central decoration The width of the area is approximately 400 mm, - each support carries 30 diodes, 10 mm wide and 550 mm long, with a thickness of 1. 9 mm class, and - diode, no optics, height 2 mm, width less than 6 mm, regular distance between diodes 2 is 18 mm, - the distance between the diode and the first diffusion mechanism is 20 mm class, - The diode has an individual power of (approx.) 3 3 W, an efficiency of at least 40 lm/W (lumens per watt), - the width of the first base is 15 mm. The luminescence can be illuminated, in particular, according to a total luminous efficiency of at least 4 lm/W and an optical efficiency (ratio of total efficiency to diode efficiency) (lumens/watt) of more than 70%, while being uniform and exhibiting very little flash. The efficiency is measured in an ordinary manner by means of a goniometer 'and at room temperature. The thermal conductivity of the base, the diode support and the mechanism for supporting the base causes the dissipation of heat released by the LED and contributes to luminous efficiency. This can form: - for ceiling use, ceiling tiles, wall tiles, compartments, -32- 201234580 - panels for transport vehicles, especially public transport, trains, subways, buses or water or airborne vehicles (aircraft) , - road or city lighting, - panels of urban furniture, such as bus shelters, railings, display stands, part of the shop window, - shelving elements, - interior fitting panels, such as bathrooms, walls of furniture items. The glass can be covered with a different shape such as a rectangle, a square, a circle, or any other geometric shape as desired. The glass exhibits at least 85% high luminescence transmission. For example, it may be based in particular on the aesthetic display or the desired optical effect and/or the use of the glass: - standard composition glass, such as Planilux® micro green tinted glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, - colorless (neutral Super clear glass, such as D i am ant® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, - pyramidal printing glass, like Albarino® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, in the form of a relief of the pyramid The outer surface of the glass of the environment, - toughened glass, showing better mechanical strength. The first Id diagram is intended to form a schematic rear view of a metal plate of another diode track 3, which according to the invention can be integrated into a decorative and luminescent panel having a light-emitting diode. The dashed line indicates the bend zone 3 2 ' to form a first cross-shaped base, and by adding the cut-out zone 32', the first side flange 31 and the second side flange 32 are formed on each side of the first base of -33-201234580 And connected to the base. The first diagram is a schematic front view of the diode track obtained from the plate of the Id diagram. To simplify the layout, there is a first vertical PCB strip 20 loaded with the first set of diodes 2, and two horizontal PCB strips loaded with other sets of diodes 2 on each side of the strip are 2 0 〇 The diagram of the rail with the decoration of the rail and the upper side of the illuminating panel, which shows the cross-shaped central illuminating strip 40 and the peripheral adjacent decorative area 60. The first lg diagram is a schematic front view of another diode track incorporating the decorative light-emitting diode and the light-emitting panel according to the present invention. The diode track 3 is generally annular and has a first annular base and first and second flanges coupled to the base. The lhth diagram is a partial perspective view of the dipole rail of the lg diagram, showing that the cross section of the rail is a flared U-shaped type. The first diagram is taken from the top of the decorative and illuminating panel with the rails of the lg diagram, showing the annular central illuminating strip 40, the central adjacent central decorative area 60 and the adjacent peripheral decorative area 60. Fig. 2a is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a decorative and light-emitting panel 200 having a light-emitting diode in a second embodiment of the present invention. Only the differences from the panel 100 will be described. The panel 200 differs from the panel 100 in particular in that: - a single diode track 3 having a single first light strip 40 selected to be central and having two perimeter decorative zones 60, -34-201234580 - and two The first PCB support of the pole body 2a is side by side, and the second PCB support of the diode 2b is added to the first base 30. In the second set of diodes, each of the diodes 2 has a predetermined visible emission spectrum, such as white light, and has a so-called second main ray that directly hits the first side 1 1 without encountering any reflection. The ray F2 is emitted, and the ray F2 is substantially perpendicular to the first face 11. The emission cone can be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to F. The launch cone can be, for example, a lambertian. The beam of each diode diverges and is defined by a height half angle α of 60°. In the second group of diodes, the diode 2 is also of the SMD type or the CHIP ON BOARD type, and the PCB support 20 is also a straight metal strip of aluminum, and optionally A diffusing surface for radiation recovery (not shown) is provided around the diode 2. To make it simpler, the set of diodes is selected in the same direction (single) as ray F2 and F1. For uniform illumination, two sets of diodes are selected in the same spectrum, single or multiple colors, and the same radiation cone. The second flange receives a so-called second side ray (R4) of the second set of diodes (2b) having an angle greater than or equal to the middle height half angle (α) and returns it (by reflection): - to the surface For the first diffusion mechanism (4) in the region of the first base (30), - or to the first oblique flange (31) (which will cause it to return to the first diffusion mechanism), -35- 201234580 - or enter The area of the first glass (1) facing the second flange (32) has a first diffusion mechanism. And for a predetermined distance L12 between the center of the first set of diodes 2 a and the center of the adjacent second set of diodes 2 b , the first set of angles is equal to the middle height half angle α and proceeds toward the second flange The first reference ray is defined as tana = L12/Hl, and the second set of angles is equal to the mid-height half angle α and the second reference ray advancing towards the first flange is defined as tana = L12/H2, the second set of diodes The distance H2 from the first diffusion mechanism is equal to, for example, H1. From the dimensional point of view, the width of the first base 30 is increased to 30 mm, and the "inter-group" distance between the adjacent diodes 2a and 2b of the two 20s is 13 mm. Fig. 2b is a partially schematic perspective view of the dipole track of the decorative and illuminating panel 200 having the second abend of the two diode supports 2a, 2b. Figure 2c is a schematic view taken from above the decorative and illuminating panel 200 of Figure 2a, showing the central illuminating strip 40 and the peripheral decorative zone 60. 3 to 5a are schematic cross-sectional views showing decorative and light-emitting panels 300 to 500 having light-emitting diodes in other embodiments of the present invention. It only explains the differences between the glasses that have been explained. The panel 300 shown in Fig. 3 differs from the panel 200 in that the two metal PCB supports are replaced by a single support 20 belonging to the plastic PCB. The diode is fused to the heat dissipating surface 22 (referred to as a thermal pad) added to the two opposing faces 22a and 22c of the plate, and is welded in the urging hole 22 according to its thickness 2 2b. In order to remove heat, the plate 20 is fixed by being associated with the heat dissipating surface 22c and having to be electrically insulated from the heat guiding member bonding material 21 of the body. The diffusion mechanism 4 is made by adding a diffusion layer. The fixing mechanism 5 is between the glass 1 and the wall 1'. The panel 4 00 shown in Fig. 4 differs from the panel 200 in the double U shape of the rail 3, which thus has a second base 30, and third and fourth side flanges 31, 32,. The panel 500 shown in Fig. 5a differs from the panel 200 in that the rail includes a range of two extensions 34, 35, 36 on the first and second sides - a first horizontal extension. It faces the decorative area 60 and is used to secure the rail (and the fixed panel to the wall 1') by the screw 5', the second vertical extension 35, to the glass and to the wall, and to have a return bend 36 on the front side 12. Figure 5b is a partially schematic perspective view of the extended diode track 2 of the decorative and illuminating panel 500 of Figure 5a. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a decorative and light-emitting panel 1 having a light-emitting diode in a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1b is a decorative and light-emitting panel of the first embodiment. The part of the 二 二 轨 轨 不 不 不 , , , lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc lc In the schematic rear view, the diode track 3 can be integrated into the decorative and light-emitting panel 100 having the light-emitting diode-37-201234580 body according to the present invention; the first figure is the diode track obtained according to the board of the Id figure. The schematic view is taken from the top of the decorative and light-emitting panel with the rail of the first diagram; the first image can be integrated into the other two of the decorative and light-emitting panels with the light-emitting diode according to the present invention. The schematic front view of the polar body rail: the lh figure is a partial perspective view of the dipole rail of the lg diagram; the first diagram is taken from the top of the decorative and illuminating panel with the rail of the lg diagram (glass side) 2a is shown in the second embodiment of the present invention A schematic cross-sectional view of a decorative and light-emitting panel 200 having a light-emitting diode; a second perspective view of a second pole of the decorative and light-emitting panel 200 of FIG. 2a; and a second perspective view of FIG. A schematic view of the decorative and light-emitting panel 200 taken from above; FIGS. 3 to 5a show schematic cross-sectional views of the decorative and light-emitting panels 300 to 500 having the light-emitting diodes in other embodiments of the present invention; A schematic perspective view of a portion of the dipole track of the decorative and illuminated panel 500 of Figure 5a. [Description of component symbols] 1 : Glass 1, : Wall - 38 - 201234580 2, 2a, 2b : Light-emitting diode 3 : First diode track 4 : First diffusion mechanism 5 : Fixing mechanism (metal frame ) 5 ' : Screw 1 1 : First main face 12 : Second main face 20 : First elongated PCB diode support 21 : Adhesive tape (thermal conductor bonding material) 22 = Heat dissipation surface 22a , 22c : Plate 22b : Thickness 30 : first base 30 ′ : second base 31 : first flange 32 : second flange 3 1 ′ : third side flange 3 2 ′ : fourth side flange 34 : first horizontal extension 3 5 : Second vertical extension 3 6 : bend back 40 : first light strip 41 : first longitudinal edge 4 2 : second longitudinal edge -39 - 201234580 5 1 : bend back 52 : front side 60 : first decorative area 6 1 : Front masking mechanism 62 = front masking mechanism 100, 200, 300-500: panel F 1 , F 2 : ray R 1 : first side ray R2: second side ray - 40