201233875 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明，係關於建築分野所使用之建材用薄板，尤其 是，與具有耐火性及隔音性的建材用薄板相關。 【先前技術】 傳統上，被貼附、或配置於建築物之牆壁或門等內側 來對牆壁及門等賦予耐火性及隔音性等機能之建材用薄板 ，被廣泛使用（例如，參照專利文獻1或2 )。使用此種 建材用薄板，例如，即使以木材來構成牆壁及門，不但可 活用木頭觸感來實現溫暖又高級的設計，也可使牆壁及門 具有耐火性。 尤其是，近年來，防災意識的提升，對於建築物之耐 火性的要求也愈來愈嚴格，對於貼附於牆壁及門等內側之 無損設計性且又可兼具耐火性的建材用薄板的需要，持續 增加。 此種建材用薄板，不但具有強度，同時具有適度的可 撓性及柔軟性，從施工時之作業性的觀點而言，充分有利 。並且，近年來’除了耐火性及難燃性以外，也期望能同 時對病態住宅症候群及火災時之有毒氣體的發生、以及廢 棄時之處理方法等針對人體及環境之安全性進行考慮者。 [專利文獻Π日本特開平9-88204號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2001-97755號公報 201233875 【發明內容】 然而，上述專利文獻1及2記載之傳統建材用薄板， 雖然具有某種程度之耐火性或難燃性，因爲幾乎都是含有 橡膠及合成樹脂等有機系材料之物，而有未充分考慮到對 人體及環境之安全性的問題。亦即，傳統之建材用薄板， 大多爲含有病態住宅症候群之原因及物質及火災時發生有 毒氣體之物質等對人體及環境有害之物質的成份，對於人 體及環境，幾乎都不具安全性。 本發明，有鑑於上述事實，而提供具有充分耐火性及 良好作業性同時對人體及環境具有高安全性之建材用薄板 〇 (1) 本發明之建材用薄板的特徵，係使預先混合著 水玻璃、紙漿、及鬚晶之原料組成物形成薄板狀。 (2) 本發明係上述（1)項記載之建材用薄板，其特 徵爲，前述原料組成物，係相對於1 0 0重量份之前述水玻 璃’預先混合著5至18重量份之前述紙漿、0.5至4重量 份之前述鬚晶》 (3 )本發明係上述（1 )或（2 )項記載之建材用薄 板’其特徵爲，前述鬚晶係鹼性硫酸鎂。 (4 )本發明係上述（1 )至（3 )項之任一項記載之 建材用薄板，其特徵爲，前述原料組成物，更預先混合著 锆石粉。 (5 )本發明係上述（4 )項記載之建材用薄板，其特 徵爲，前述原料組成物，相對於1 〇 〇重量份之前述水玻璃 -6 - 201233875 ’預先混合著3至13重量份之前述鉻石粉。 (6 )本發明係上述（1 )至（5 )項之任一項記載之 建材用薄板’其特徵爲，前述原料組成物，更預先混合著 金屬氧化物。 (7)本發明係上述（6)項記載之建材用薄板，其特 徵爲’前述原料組成物，相對於1()〇重量份之前述水玻璃 ’預先混合著1至Η重量份之前述金屬氧化物及氧化鋅 (8 )本發明係上述（1 )至（7 )項之任一項記載之 建材用薄板’其特徵爲，前述原料組成物，更預先混合著 無機充塡劑。 (9 )本發明係上述（8 )項記載之建材用薄板，其特 徵爲’前述原料組成物，相對於1 〇〇重量份之前述水玻璃 ’預先混合著1至1〇重量份之前述無機充塡劑及碳酸鈣 〇 依據本發明之建材用薄板，不但具備充分耐火性及良 女子作業性，尙具有可提高對人體及環境之安全性的優良效 果。 【實施方式】 以下，針對本發明之實施方式例進行詳細說明。 本實施方式之建材用薄板，係使混合水玻璃、紙漿、 及鬚晶而得到之原料組成物進行乾燥、固化，並形成薄板 狀者。 201233875 其中，主要成份之水玻璃，係矽酸鈉之濃水溶液，使 將矽酸鈉溶於水並加熱而得到。水玻璃之組成爲Na20 · nSi02，於水玻璃中，混合存在著Na20 (氧化鈉）及Si02 (二氧化砂、氧化砂）。 水玻璃，不但具有耐熱性且加熱時會玻璃化並發泡， 而生成隔熱性之不燃層。所以，以水玻璃作爲主要成份之 本實施方式的建材用薄板，相較於傳統之物，其耐熱性及 耐火性較高，而且，具有防止火焰擴散之遮焰性。並且， 因爲是無機材料，加熱時不會發生有毒氣體，也不會成爲 病態住宅症候群之原因物質。 該水玻璃，可以使一般流通之市販品，然而，因爲莫 耳比η之値較小時，原料組成物不易固化，建材用薄板之 形狀保持性較差，莫耳比η之値較大時，固化後之原料組 成物變得非常硬質，不但建材用薄板之可撓性及柔軟性較 差，也容易發生龜裂。 所以’水玻璃’以原料組成物之固化速度、建材用薄 板之可撓性、及柔軟性之均衡的觀點而言，例如，以JIS Κ1408之1號（Na20爲17〜19重量％、Si02爲35〜38重 量％)、或2號（Na20爲14〜15重量％、Si02爲34〜36 重量％ )所規定者爲佳，而且，以莫耳比n之値爲2〜2.3 者更佳。 紙漿，係以木材等天然素材作爲原料之纖維，係以對 建材用薄板賦予適度可撓性及柔軟性以及高強度爲目的而 混入。本實施方式之建材用薄板所使用之紙漿，並無特別 -8- 201233875 限制，只要對應製造建材用薄板之必要特性及尺寸等，可 以使用木材紙漿或非木材紙漿之任一。並且，也可使用由 木材等直接製造之原生紙漿、或再生舊紙之舊紙紙漿的任 一 ’然而，以保持森林資源及資源回收之觀點而言，以使 用舊紙紙漿爲佳。 此外’使用舊紙紙漿時，若考慮到建材用薄板之使用 場所爲牆壁內側等不會被看到的話，可以省略雜質除去製 程及漂白製程之一部分，來降低製造成本。 該紙漿，雖然爲可燃性之材料，然而，藉由混入水玻 璃中，可以具有難燃性。傳統上，將木材等浸漬於水玻璃 來獲得耐火性之手法爲大家所熟知，本實施方式之建材用 薄板時，也是利用相同之原理來使紙漿難燃化。亦即，藉 由將紙漿混入水玻璃中，使水玻璃覆蓋於紙漿表面，並且 ’紙漿內部使含浸不燃性之水玻璃成份，可以使紙漿具有 難燃性。 只是，紙漿之混入量較多時，建材用薄板之耐熱性及 耐火性會劣化，而且，加熱時，紙漿燃燒導致發熱量較大 ，而出現不好的結果。所以，紙漿之混入量，以建材用薄 板之強度、柔軟性、可撓性及耐火性之綜合性均衡的觀點 而言，相對於1 00重量份之水玻璃，以5〜1 8重量份爲佳 ，7〜16重量份更佳，最好爲8〜1 1重量份。此外，此處 ，相對於水玻璃之紙漿的重量，係指風乾重量（含有約1 〇 〜12%之水份之狀態的重量）。 鬚晶，係纖維狀（鬚狀）之結晶，係以提升建材用薄 -9- 201233875 板之強度及尺寸的安定性、以及防止龜裂爲目的而混入。 本實施方式時，是藉由將紙漿及鬚晶之不同尺寸之2種纖 維混入水玻璃，而可具有適度可撓性及柔軟性且得到充分 強度及耐龜裂性。 鬚晶之種類，並無特別限制，例如，可以使用鹼性硫 酸鎂、鈦酸鉀、碳化矽、氮化矽、硼酸鎂、硫酸鈣、氧化 鋁及氧化鉻等，已知之纖維狀結晶。只是，考慮耐熱性的 話，以無機材料之鬚晶爲佳，而且，以不是如石綿之對人 體有害的物質爲佳。 所以，本實施方式之建材用薄板時，係使用鹼性硫酸 鎂（MGS04 · 5MG(OH)2 · 3H20 )之鬚晶。該鹼性硫酸鎂 鬚晶，因爲溶解於體液之性質，即使萬一被吸入肺內，也 容易溶解而無殘留，係安全性遠高其他鬚晶之物。而且， 鹼性硫酸鎂鬚晶，縱橫比相對較大，對建材用薄板之強度 及尺寸安定性的提高有較大的貢獻。 鬚晶之混入量，並無特別限制，然而，以可撓性及柔 軟性、以及強度及耐龜裂性之均衡的觀點而言，相對於 100重量份之水玻璃，以〇·5〜4重量份爲佳，1〜3.5重量 份更佳，最好爲2〜3重量份。 本實施方式之建材用薄板時，除了上述成份以外，尙 混入著锆石粉及金屬氧化物。 锆石粉，係將锆砂機械粉碎而分球生成粉末鉻（矽酸 銷、ZrSi〇4)。銷石粉，因爲溶融點高熱膨膜少，以提尚 建材用薄板之耐熱性及耐火性之目的而混入。而且，因爲 -10- 201233875 鉻石粉係非水溶性，對提高建材用薄板之耐水性也 〇201233875 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a sheet for building materials used in the construction field, and particularly relates to a sheet for building materials having fire resistance and sound insulation. [Prior Art] Conventionally, a sheet for building materials that is attached to a wall or a door of a building to impart fire resistance and sound insulation properties to walls, doors, and the like is widely used (for example, refer to the patent literature). 1 or 2). The use of such a sheet for building materials, for example, even if the wall and the door are made of wood, not only can the wood feel be used to achieve a warm and advanced design, but also the wall and the door can be fire-resistant. In particular, in recent years, the improvement of the awareness of disaster prevention has become more and more strict with the requirements for the fire resistance of buildings. For the non-destructive design and the fire-resistant sheet for building materials attached to the inside of walls and doors, etc. Need, continue to increase. Such a sheet for building materials has not only strength but also moderate flexibility and flexibility, and is sufficiently advantageous from the viewpoint of workability at the time of construction. In addition, in recent years, in addition to fire resistance and flame retardancy, it is desirable to consider the safety of human body and the environment, such as the occurrence of toxic gas in a sick residential syndrome and a fire, and the disposal method at the time of disposal. [Patent Document] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. The fire resistance or the flame retardancy is almost always contained in an organic material such as rubber or synthetic resin, and there is a problem that the safety of the human body and the environment is not sufficiently considered. In other words, the conventional thin materials for building materials are mostly components containing substances and substances harmful to the human body and the environment, which are caused by pathological residential syndromes and substances which generate toxic gases during a fire, and are hardly safe for the human body and the environment. In view of the above-mentioned facts, the present invention provides a sheet for building materials having sufficient fire resistance and good workability and high safety to the human body and the environment. (1) The sheet for building materials of the present invention is characterized in that water is mixed in advance. The raw material compositions of glass, pulp, and whiskers are formed into a thin plate shape. (2) The raw material composition according to the item (1), wherein the raw material composition is preliminarily mixed with 10 to 18 parts by weight of the pulp with respect to 100 parts by weight of the water glass. (3) The present invention is characterized in that the sheet for building materials described in the above (1) or (2) is characterized in that the whisker-based basic magnesium sulfate is used. The present invention is characterized in that the raw material composition is further mixed with zircon powder in advance, in the sheet for building materials according to any one of the above items (1) to (3). (5) The sheet for building materials according to the above aspect (4), wherein the raw material composition is preliminarily mixed with 3 to 13 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the water glass -6 - 201233875 ' The aforementioned chrome powder. The present invention is characterized in that the raw material composition is further mixed with a metal oxide in advance, in the sheet for building materials according to any one of the above items (1) to (5). (7) The sheet for building materials according to the above aspect (6), wherein the raw material composition is preliminarily mixed with 1 to Η by weight of the metal to the water glass of 1 part by weight. The present invention is characterized in that the raw material composition is further mixed with an inorganic filler in advance, in the sheet for building materials according to any one of the above items (1) to (7). (9) The sheet for building materials according to the above item (8), wherein the raw material composition is preliminarily mixed with 1 to 1 part by weight of the inorganic material with respect to 1 part by weight of the water glass. The filler for the building material and the calcium carbonate lanthanum according to the present invention have excellent fire resistance and good workability in women, and have an excellent effect of improving the safety to the human body and the environment. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The sheet for building materials of the present embodiment is obtained by drying and solidifying a raw material composition obtained by mixing water glass, pulp, and whiskers to form a thin plate. 201233875 Among them, the main component of water glass is a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium citrate, which is obtained by dissolving sodium citrate in water and heating. The composition of the water glass is Na20 · nSi02, and in the water glass, Na20 (sodium oxide) and SiO 2 (sand oxide, oxidized sand) are mixed. Water glass not only has heat resistance but also vitrifies and foams upon heating to form a heat-insulating non-combustible layer. Therefore, the thin sheet for building materials of the present embodiment having water glass as a main component has higher heat resistance and fire resistance than conventional ones, and has flame-retarding properties for preventing flame diffusion. Moreover, because it is an inorganic material, it does not cause toxic gases when heated, and it does not become a cause of diseased residential syndrome. The water glass can be used as a general-purpose commercial product. However, since the raw material composition is not easily cured when the molar ratio η is small, the shape retaining property of the building material sheet is poor, and when the molar ratio η is large, The raw material composition after curing becomes very hard, and not only the flexibility and flexibility of the sheet for building materials are poor, but also cracking is likely to occur. Therefore, the 'water glass' is, for example, JIS Κ1408 No. 1 (Na20 is 17 to 19% by weight, and SiO 2 is used, from the viewpoint of the curing speed of the raw material composition, the flexibility of the sheet for building materials, and the balance of flexibility. 35 to 38% by weight), or No. 2 (Na20 is 14 to 15% by weight, and SiO 2 is 34 to 36% by weight) is preferable, and it is more preferable that the molar ratio n is 2 to 2.3. The pulp is a fiber which is made of natural materials such as wood, and is blended for the purpose of imparting moderate flexibility, flexibility, and high strength to a sheet for building materials. The pulp used for the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment is not particularly limited to -8 to 201233875, and any of wood pulp or non-wood pulp may be used as long as it is necessary for the characteristics and size of the sheet for manufacturing a building material. Further, it is also possible to use either virgin pulp directly produced from wood or the like, or old paper pulp which reproduces old paper. However, in order to maintain forest resources and resource recovery, it is preferable to use old paper pulp. In addition, when old paper pulp is used, it is considered that the use of the sheet for building materials is not seen in the inside of the wall, and the part of the impurity removal process and the bleaching process can be omitted to reduce the manufacturing cost. Although the pulp is a flammable material, it can be flame retarded by being mixed into water glass. Conventionally, a method of immersing wood or the like in water glass to obtain fire resistance is well known. In the case of a sheet for building materials according to the present embodiment, the same principle is used to make the pulp incombustible. That is, the pulp can be made flame-retardant by mixing the pulp into the water glass so that the water glass covers the surface of the pulp, and the inside of the pulp is impregnated with the incombustible water glass component. However, when the amount of the pulp mixed is large, the heat resistance and fire resistance of the sheet for building materials are deteriorated, and when heated, the burning of the pulp causes a large amount of heat generation, and a bad result occurs. Therefore, the amount of the pulp mixed is 5 to 18 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the water glass from the viewpoint of the balance of strength, flexibility, flexibility, and fire resistance of the sheet for building materials. Preferably, it is preferably 7 to 16 parts by weight, more preferably 8 to 1 part by weight. Further, here, the weight of the pulp relative to the water glass means the air dry weight (weight in a state containing about 1 〜 to 12% of water). The whisker, which is a fibrous (sho)-like crystal, is mixed for the purpose of improving the strength and dimensional stability of the sheet -9-201233875 and preventing cracking. In the present embodiment, by mixing two kinds of fibers of different sizes of pulp and whiskers into water glass, it is possible to have appropriate flexibility and flexibility, and to obtain sufficient strength and crack resistance. The type of the whisker is not particularly limited. For example, basic magnesium sulfate, potassium titanate, tantalum carbide, tantalum nitride, magnesium borate, calcium sulfate, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, or the like can be used. However, in consideration of heat resistance, it is preferable to use a whisker of an inorganic material, and it is preferable that a substance which is not harmful to human body such as asbestos is preferable. Therefore, in the case of the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment, whiskers of basic magnesium sulfate (MGS04 · 5MG(OH) 2 · 3H20 ) are used. The basic magnesium sulfate whisker, because it is dissolved in the body fluid, even if it is inhaled into the lungs, it is easily dissolved without residue, and is safer than other whiskers. Further, the basic magnesium sulfate whisker has a relatively large aspect ratio, and contributes greatly to the improvement of the strength and dimensional stability of the sheet for building materials. The amount of the whisker to be mixed is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of flexibility and flexibility, and balance between strength and crack resistance, it is 〇·5 to 4 with respect to 100 parts by weight of water glass. The parts by weight are preferably from 1 to 3.5 parts by weight, more preferably from 2 to 3 parts by weight. In the case of the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment, in addition to the above components, zircon powder and metal oxide are mixed. In zircon powder, the zircon sand is mechanically pulverized and split to form powdered chromium (citric acid pin, ZrSi〇4). The pin-powder powder is mixed with the purpose of improving the heat resistance and fire resistance of the sheet for building materials because the melting point is high and the heat-expanding film is small. Moreover, because -10- 201233875 chrome powder is not water-soluble, it is also good for improving the water resistance of the sheet for building materials.
V 此外’鉻石粉，因爲具有降低混入之玻璃之玻 點的效果’可以增加對建材用薄板加熱來進行玻璃 柔軟性，而防止脆化。藉此，可以提高建材用薄板 之形狀保持性，而不易從貼附建材用薄板之壁材等 亦即’可以提高建材用薄板之耐火屏障機能。 銷石粉’與水玻璃相同，可以使用一般流通之 ’然而’爲了充分混和並均質地分散於原料組成物 子徑以45 μ m以下（例如1〜45 μ m )者爲佳，而 子徑爲3 0 // m以下（例如1〜3 〇以m )更佳。 粒子徑爲45ym以下或30ym以下之锆石粉 ’可以使用45νιη分離篩或30μιη分離篩來取得 ’锆石粉之粒子徑，當然不必全部爲45"m(3〇A 下’也可以含有一部分45/zm(3〇vm)以上者。 鉻石粉之混入量，並無特別限制，然而，以得 耐火性及設定適當玻璃軟化點之觀點而言，相對於 量份之水玻璃’以3〜13重量份爲佳，5〜11重量 ，最好爲7〜9重量份。 金屬氧化物，因爲以調節原料組成物之黏度及 薄板之柔軟性爲目的而混入，本實施方式時，使用 (ZnO )。該氧化鋅係微粉末狀之氧化物，一般被 料之塗膜強化劑等來使用。本實施方式時，適度地 化鋅來調節原料組成物之黏度，用以提高模鑄形成 有貢獻 璃軟化 化時之 加熱時 剝落。 市販品 內，粒 且，粒 ，例如 。此外 m)以 到適度 100重 份更佳 建材用 氧化鋅 作爲塗 混入氧 薄板狀 -11 - 201233875 時之作業性。 此外，使用於建材用薄板之金屬氧化物，並未限制爲 氧化鋅，可以對應建材用薄板之必要特性等，例如，使用 鎂、鈣、鐵、硼等之其他金屬氧化物。並且，可以只使用 1種金屬氧化物，也可以使用複數種金屬氧化物。而且， 爲了提高建材用薄板之隔音性，以使用比重高之金屬氧化 物爲佳。 金屬氧化物，可以使用市販品，然而，爲了充分混和 並均質地分散於原料組成物內，粒子徑以45//m以下（例 如1〜45/zm)爲佳，粒子徑爲30ym以下（例如1〜30 Aim)最好。粒子徑爲45ym(30//m)以下之金屬氧化 物，例如，可以使用分離篩來取得，也可以爲含有一部分 45//m(30/zm)以上者，與上述锆石粉相同。 金屬氧化物之混入量，並無特別限制，可以對應建材 用薄板要求之特性及使用之金屬氧化物的種類等，適度地 進行設定。此外，使用氧化鋅時之混入量，以得到適度柔 軟性及提高製造時之作業性的觀點而言，相對於1 00重量 份之水玻璃，以1〜1 1重量份爲佳，2〜1 0重量份更佳， 最好爲4〜8重量份。 本實施方式之建材用薄板，更混入輕質碳酸鈣（ CaC03 )作爲調節原料組成物之黏度及調節建材用薄板之 柔軟性的無機充塡劑。碳酸鈣，因爲十分便宜且對人體的 安全性高，故適合作爲無機充塡劑。並且，輕質碳酸鈣， 因爲粒徑比重質碳酸鈣小，可以充分混和而均質地分散於 -12- 201233875 原料組成物內。 此外，本實施方式之建材用薄板’因爲主要成份爲水 玻璃，混入氧化矽（Si02)系之無機充塡劑的話’有時可 以將硬度增加至必要以上卻無損柔軟性。所以’本實施方 式時，係混入碳酸鈣作爲無機充塡劑’藉此’將建材用薄 板調節成適度柔軟性。 輕質碳酸鈣之混入量，並無特別限制’然而’以得到 適度柔軟性及提高製造時之作業性的觀點而言，相對於 100重量份之水玻璃，應爲1〜10重量份’ 2〜8重量份較 佳，最好爲3〜6重量份。 此外，使用於建材用薄板之無機充塡劑，並未限制爲 輕質碳酸鈣，也可以爲重質碳酸鈣。並且，除了碳酸鈣以 外，例如，也可以使用雲母（滑石）及長石等，一般被作 爲無機充塡劑使用之無機物。而且，混入比重較高之物質 作爲充塡材的話，可以提高建材用薄板之隔音性。 其次，針對本實施方式之建材用薄板的製造方法進行 說明。 本實施方式之建材用薄板之製造時，首先，將水玻璃 、紙漿、及適量的水投入容器內，以攪拌機攪拌混合。此 處，投入之水量，並無特別限制，只要對應水玻璃之黏度 及紙漿量等進行適度調節即可。 充分攪拌水玻璃及紙漿後，投入鬚晶、鉻石粉、金屬 氧化物、及輕質碳酸鈣，而且，以攪拌機進行攪拌使各成 份充分混合，來生成原料組成物。 -13- 201233875 其次，將生成之原料組成物注入特定之模型以托板等 實施成形，直接置於常溫下進行乾燥，使其固化成薄板狀 。乾燥時間，雖然由尺寸來決定，然而，例如，500x500x 2mm之尺寸的薄板，約2〜4日程度。此外，也可以利用 吹附溫風等來縮短乾燥時間。依以上之步驟，來製造本實 施方式之建材用薄板。 此外，本實施方式之建材用薄板，例如，使用水玻璃 系之接著材等之既存無機系接著劑，很容易即可貼附於各 種木材、合板、各種板等之建材。並且，因爲具有適度可 撓性及柔軟性，施工時不會發生龜裂缺損，容易沿著牆壁 來貼附。並且，多餘部分的切除很容易，釘上釘子等也不 會發生龜裂或缺損等，係泛用性極高之物》 如以上說明所示，本實施方式之建材用薄板的構成上 ，係使以適當比例預先混合著水玻璃、紙漿、及鬚晶之原 料組成物形成爲薄板狀。採用此種構成，藉由紙漿及鬚晶 之2種纖維的相乘效果，可以在無損耐火性及遮焰性的情 形下，使可撓性、柔軟性、強度、及耐龜裂性獲得高次元 的均衡。而且，本實施方式時，係使用鹼性硫酸鎂鬚晶， 不會損害對人體之安全性。 此外’建材用薄板之原料組成物的構成，因爲更預先 混合著锆石粉、金屬氧化物、及無機充塡劑，可以兼顧到 高耐火性、耐熱性、遮焰性、以及適度可撓性及柔軟性。 此外’本實施方式之建材用薄板，因爲只以天然素材 之紙漿及無機材料來構成，未含有成爲病態住宅症候群之 -14- 201233875 原因的有害物質，對人體及環境，皆有很高的安全性。而 且，因爲具有充分之可撓性及柔軟性，係施工時之作業性 良好，泛用性極高者。 此外，本發明之建材用薄板，並未受限於上述實施方 式，當然可以在未背離本發明之要旨的範圍內，進行各種 變更。並且，本發明，雖然稱之爲薄板，對其厚度並無特 別限制。 [實施例1] 其次，針對本發明之實施例進行說明。 將2000g之水玻璃、200g之紙漿、及適量之水投入容 器內，以攬拌機充分攪拌後，進一步將50g之鹼性硫酸鎂 鬚晶、160g之銷石粉、120g之氧化鋅、及80g之輕質碳 酸鈣投入容器內，以攪拌機充分進行攪拌而生成原料組成 物。其次，將生成之原料組成物注入模型，實施乾燥、固 化，製造500x500x2mm及500x500x4mm之建材用薄板。 水玻璃，係使用市販品之膠結劑。紙漿，係使用將廢 棄紙箱搗碎並於水中攪拌所自製而成之物。鹼性硫酸鎂鬚 晶，係使用MOS · HIGE (登錄商標）。並且，锆石粉係 使用98%以上爲粒子徑45"m以下者，氧化鋅係使用屬於 JIS規格之1種者，輕質碳酸鈣係使用一般市販品。 第1圖，係所製造之建材用薄板1的圖示。所製造之 建材用薄板1，爲灰色，乾燥後也未發生龜裂。並且，確 認到具有適度彈性、可撓性、及柔軟性。 -15- 201233875 其次，將所製造之建材用薄板1與市販之合板及 板進行組合來製造耐火板，依據財團法人建材試驗中 防耐火性能試驗•評估業務方法書之內容，進行耐火 試驗。 第2圖，係所製造之耐火板10的剖面圖。耐火^ ，如該圖所示，係依序層積厚度4mm之合板2、厚度 之建材用薄板la、厚度14mm之塑合板3、厚度4mm 材用薄板lb、及厚度2 0mm之塑合板4，並以水玻璃 接著劑進行接著來製造。所製造之耐火板10的尺寸爲 x500x47mm，重量爲約 llkg。 第3圖，係執行耐火性能試驗之加熱爐20的剖 。耐火性能試驗，如該圖所示，係以將耐火板1 0設 可對試驗體之一面進行加熱之構造的加熱爐20並以 器22進行加熱之方式來實施。耐火板10之加熱面， 板2側之面。並且，加熱係實施60分鐘之加熱，以 於時間t (分）之加熱爐20內的溫度T ( °C )爲 345 1ogl0 ( 8t-l ) +20所表示之數値來進行加熱控制。 第4圖，係耐火板10之加熱面的背面（20mm厚 塑合板4側之面）的溫度測定位置圖。耐火性能試驗 於該圖所示之點A〜D的4點進行溫度測定，而且， 視觀察外觀的變化。 第5圖，係耐火性能試驗之溫度測定結果圖表。 述內容，針對耐火板10執行耐火性能試驗時，試驗 後約4分鐘，合板2開始燃燒，約6分鐘後，合板2 塑合 心之 性能 反10 4mm 之建 系之 500 面圖 置於 燃燒 係合 相對 T = 度之 時， 以目 以上 開始 大致 -16- 201233875 燒毀。其後’合板2側之第1層建材用薄板la雖然膨脹 而提高隔熱效果，然而，約20分鐘後，第1層建材用薄 板la之一部分崩壞而出現孔，因此，背面溫度之上昇率 提高。 第1層建材用薄板la出現孔後，14mm厚度之塑合板 3開始燃燒’然而，因爲其背側之第2層建材用薄板1 b的 遮熱及遮焰，20mm厚度之塑合板4沒有變化。其後， 14mm厚度之塑合板3的延燒，經過50分鐘後，雖然背面 之溫度急速上昇，然而，點A〜D之任一點，在60分鐘 之試驗中，皆未超過100°C。 此外，依據目視觀察，60分鐘之試驗中，確認到朝非 加熱面（背面）持續噴出火焰未發生超過10秒鐘、朝非 加熱面持續燃燒未發生超過1 0秒鐘、以及未發生供火焰 通過之龜裂等損傷及間隙。亦即，確認到，耐火板1 〇可 以充分符合特定防火設備之遮焰性能判定基準。 所以，依據本發明之建材用薄板，將其與合板及塑合 板等之一般建材組合使用，確認到，可以對該等建材賦予 充分之耐火性及遮焰性。 本發明之建材用薄板，除了建築之分野以外，尙可利 用於要求耐火性之各種構造物分野。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係所製造之建材用薄板的圖。 第2圖係所製造耐火板之剖面圖。 -17- 201233875 第3圖係進行耐火性能試驗之加熱爐的剖面圖。 第4圖係耐火板之加熱面之背面的溫度測定位置圖。 第5圖係耐火性能試驗之溫度測定結果圖表。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :建材用薄板 -18-In addition, the 'chromite powder has the effect of lowering the glass point of the glass to be mixed', and it is possible to increase the glass softness by heating the sheet for building materials to prevent embrittlement. As a result, the shape retainability of the sheet for building materials can be improved, and the wall material of the sheet for building materials can be easily removed, that is, the fire barrier function of the sheet for building materials can be improved. "Powdered stone powder" is the same as water glass, and can be used in general circulation. However, it is preferable to fully mix and homogenize the raw material composition sub-diameter to 45 μm or less (for example, 1 to 45 μm), and the sub-path is 3 0 // m or less (for example, 1 to 3 〇 in m) is better. The zircon powder having a particle diameter of 45 μm or less or 30 μm or less can be obtained by using a 45 νηη separation sieve or a 30 μιη separation sieve to obtain the particle diameter of the zircon powder. Of course, it is not necessary to have all of 45"m (3 〇A lower' may also contain a part of 45/zm (3〇vm) or more. The amount of the chrome powder mixed is not particularly limited, however, it is 3 to 13 parts by weight with respect to the amount of the water glass from the viewpoint of the fire resistance and the setting of the appropriate glass softening point. Preferably, it is 5 to 11 parts by weight, preferably 7 to 9 parts by weight. The metal oxide is mixed for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity of the raw material composition and the flexibility of the sheet, and in the present embodiment, (ZnO) is used. The zinc oxide is a fine powdery oxide, and is generally used as a coating film strengthening agent, etc. In the present embodiment, zinc is moderately adjusted to adjust the viscosity of the raw material composition, and the mold formation is enhanced to contribute to the glass softening. When it is heated, it is peeled off during heating. In the case of the product, it is granules and granules, for example, m), and it is more suitable for the use of zinc oxide as a coating material in the form of a thin plate of -11 - 201233875. Further, the metal oxide used for the sheet for building materials is not limited to zinc oxide, and may be used in accordance with the necessary characteristics of a sheet for building materials. For example, other metal oxides such as magnesium, calcium, iron, and boron are used. Further, only one type of metal oxide may be used, or a plurality of metal oxides may be used. Further, in order to improve the sound insulating properties of the sheet for building materials, it is preferred to use a metal oxide having a high specific gravity. The metal oxide may be a commercially available product. However, in order to sufficiently mix and uniformly disperse in the raw material composition, the particle diameter is preferably 45//m or less (for example, 1 to 45/zm), and the particle diameter is 30 μm or less (for example, 1~30 Aim) Best. The metal oxide having a particle diameter of 45 μm or less (30/m) or less may be obtained by using a separation sieve, or may be a part of 45/m (30/zm) or more, and is the same as the above-described zircon powder. The amount of the metal oxide to be mixed is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set in accordance with the characteristics required for the sheet for building materials and the type of metal oxide to be used. Further, the amount of the zinc oxide to be mixed is preferably from 1 to 11 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the water glass, from the viewpoint of obtaining moderate flexibility and improving workability at the time of production, and 2 to 1 part by weight. More preferably 0 parts by weight, more preferably 4 to 8 parts by weight. In the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment, light calcium carbonate (CaC03) is further incorporated as an inorganic filler for adjusting the viscosity of the raw material composition and adjusting the flexibility of the sheet for building materials. Calcium carbonate is suitable as an inorganic filling agent because it is very inexpensive and has high safety to human body. Further, the light calcium carbonate has a small particle size and a small amount of calcium carbonate, and can be sufficiently mixed and uniformly dispersed in the raw material composition of -12-201233875. In addition, the thin-walled sheet for building materials of the present embodiment may be such that the main component is water glass and the inorganic filler of cerium oxide (SiO 2 ) is mixed, and the hardness may be increased to more than necessary without impairing the flexibility. Therefore, in the present embodiment, calcium carbonate is mixed as an inorganic hydrating agent, whereby the building material sheet is adjusted to have moderate flexibility. The amount of the light calcium carbonate to be blended is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of obtaining moderate flexibility and improving workability at the time of production, it should be 1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water glass. It is preferably from 8 to 6 parts by weight, more preferably from 3 to 6 parts by weight. Further, the inorganic filler used for the sheet for building materials is not limited to light calcium carbonate, and may be heavy calcium carbonate. Further, in addition to calcium carbonate, for example, mica (talc) and feldspar may be used, and it is generally used as an inorganic substance for an inorganic filling agent. Further, when a substance having a high specific gravity is mixed as a filling material, the sound insulating property of the sheet for building materials can be improved. Next, a method of manufacturing the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment will be described. In the production of the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment, first, water glass, pulp, and an appropriate amount of water are placed in a container, and the mixture is stirred and mixed by a stirrer. Here, the amount of water to be input is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted in accordance with the viscosity of the water glass and the amount of pulp. After the water glass and the pulp were sufficiently stirred, whiskers, chrome powder, metal oxides, and light calcium carbonate were charged, and the mixture was stirred with a stirrer to sufficiently mix the components to form a raw material composition. -13- 201233875 Next, the raw material composition is injected into a specific mold and formed by a pallet or the like, and directly dried at a normal temperature to be solidified into a thin plate shape. The drying time, although determined by the size, is, for example, a sheet of 500 x 500 x 2 mm size, about 2 to 4 days. In addition, it is also possible to shorten the drying time by blowing a warm air or the like. According to the above steps, the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment is manufactured. In addition, the sheet for building materials of the present embodiment can be easily attached to various building materials such as wood, plywood, and various boards by using an inorganic binder such as a water glass-based binder. Moreover, because of its moderate flexibility and flexibility, cracks do not occur during construction and it is easy to attach along the wall. Further, the removal of the excess portion is easy, and the nail or the like does not cause cracks or defects, and is extremely high-utility. As described above, the configuration of the thin plate for building materials of the present embodiment is The raw material composition in which water glass, pulp, and whiskers are preliminarily mixed in an appropriate ratio is formed into a thin plate shape. According to this configuration, by the synergistic effect of the two kinds of fibers of pulp and whisker, flexibility, flexibility, strength, and crack resistance can be obtained without refractory fire resistance and flame retardancy. The equilibrium of the dimension. Further, in the present embodiment, the basic magnesium sulfate whisker is used, and the safety to the human body is not impaired. In addition, the composition of the raw material composition of the thin sheet for building materials can be combined with zircon powder, metal oxide, and inorganic filler to achieve high fire resistance, heat resistance, flame retardancy, and moderate flexibility. Softness. In addition, the thin sheet for building materials of the present embodiment is composed only of pulp and inorganic materials of natural materials, and does not contain harmful substances which are the cause of sick residential syndromes -14-201233875, and is highly safe for the human body and the environment. Sex. Moreover, because of its sufficient flexibility and flexibility, it is excellent in workability during construction and extremely high in general use. Further, the sheet for building materials of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Further, although the present invention is referred to as a thin plate, the thickness thereof is not particularly limited. [Embodiment 1] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 2000g of water glass, 200g of pulp, and an appropriate amount of water are put into the container, and after fully stirring with a mixer, 50g of basic magnesium sulfate whisker, 160g of stone powder, 120g of zinc oxide, and 80g of Light calcium carbonate is put into the container, and the mixture is sufficiently stirred by a stirrer to form a raw material composition. Next, the resulting raw material composition is injected into a mold, and dried and solidified to produce a sheet for building materials of 500 x 500 x 2 mm and 500 x 500 x 4 mm. Water glass is a cement used in municipal products. Pulp is made by crushing a waste cardboard box and mixing it in water. Alkaline magnesium sulfate must be crystallized using MOS · HIGE (registered trademark). In addition, when zircon powder is used, 98% or more is a particle diameter of 45 " m or less, zinc oxide is used in one type of JIS standard, and light calcium carbonate is a general commercial product. Fig. 1 is a view showing a thin plate 1 for building materials manufactured. The manufactured sheet 1 for building materials was gray, and cracking did not occur even after drying. Also, it is confirmed that it has moderate elasticity, flexibility, and flexibility. -15- 201233875 Next, the slabs of the building materials and the slabs and the slabs are combined to produce refractory slabs, and the refractory test is carried out in accordance with the contents of the anti-fire resistance test and evaluation business method in the building materials test. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the refractory plate 10 manufactured. Refractory ^, as shown in the figure, is a laminated plate having a thickness of 4 mm, a thickness of a thin plate for building materials, a plywood 3 having a thickness of 14 mm, a thin plate lb having a thickness of 4 mm, and a plywood 4 having a thickness of 20 mm. It is then produced by a water glass adhesive. The refractory plate 10 was manufactured to have a size of x500 x 47 mm and a weight of about llkg. Fig. 3 is a cross section of the heating furnace 20 for performing a fire resistance test. As shown in the figure, the fire resistance test is carried out by heating the furnace 20 with the refractory plate 10 set to heat the surface of the test body. The heating surface of the refractory plate 10, the surface of the plate 2 side. Further, the heating was performed for 60 minutes, and the temperature T (°C) in the heating furnace 20 at time t (minutes) was 345 lb10 (8t-l) + 20, and the heating was controlled. Fig. 4 is a view showing the temperature measurement position of the back surface of the heating surface of the refractory plate 10 (the surface of the 20 mm thick plywood 4 side). Fire resistance test The temperature was measured at four points A to D shown in the figure, and the change in appearance was observed. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the results of temperature measurement of the fire resistance test. In the above, when the fire resistance test is performed on the fireproof board 10, about 4 minutes after the test, the plywood 2 starts to burn. After about 6 minutes, the 500 side view of the plywood 2 plastic core performance is reversed to 10 4 mm. When the relative T = degree, the first 16-201233875 burned down. After that, the first layer of the building material sheet la on the side of the plywood 2 is expanded to improve the heat insulating effect. However, after about 20 minutes, one of the first layer of the building material sheet la collapses and a hole is formed, so that the back surface temperature rises. The rate is increased. After the hole of the first layer of building material is la, the 14mm-thick plywood 3 begins to burn. However, the 20mm-thick plywood 4 does not change because of the heat shielding and flame-blocking of the second-layer building material sheet 1 b on the back side. . Thereafter, the calcination of the 14 mm-thick plywood 3, after 50 minutes, although the temperature of the back surface rapidly increased, however, any of the points A to D did not exceed 100 ° C in the 60-minute test. In addition, according to the visual observation, in the 60-minute test, it was confirmed that the flame was continuously ejected toward the non-heating surface (back surface) for more than 10 seconds, the non-heating surface continued to burn for more than 10 seconds, and no flame was generated. Damage and gaps through cracks. That is, it was confirmed that the refractory plate 1 充分 can sufficiently conform to the flame-resistance determination criteria of the specific fire protection equipment. Therefore, the thin sheet for building materials according to the present invention is used in combination with general building materials such as plywood and plywood, and it has been confirmed that sufficient fire resistance and flame retardancy can be imparted to the building materials. The sheet for building materials of the present invention can be used for the division of various structures requiring fire resistance in addition to the division of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing a thin plate for building materials manufactured. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the refractory plate produced. -17- 201233875 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a furnace for conducting a fire resistance test. Fig. 4 is a temperature measurement position diagram of the back surface of the heating surface of the refractory plate. Figure 5 is a graph showing the results of temperature measurement of the fire resistance test. [Description of main component symbols] 1 : Sheet for building materials -18-