201221951 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明與自行車的輪圈測量技術有關，尤其是用於測 量輪圈之中心偏差的設備與方法。 【先前技術】 近年來，在各界人仕的推廣下，騎自行車運動己相當 普及，因此，自行車的行車安全性議題漸受重視。而影響 自行車行車安全的因素很多，自行車車輪的輪圈品質即為 其中一，目前已有相關設備用於執行輪圈品質的檢查工 作，例如台灣公告第 166042、148475、335893、i256922、 M378851、200835911等專利案中所示的設備或裝置。 上述各專利案中所示的設備或裝置雖然都具備測量一 輪圈在轉動時轴向偏擺程度及徑向偏擺程度，然而，均未 提及如何測量出該輪圈的輪框橫寬中心點偏離其輪轂中心 點的程度》 【發明内容】 本發明係提供一種用於測量—輪圏之中心偏差的檢測 設備及其方法。該檢測設備主要包括兩夾頭及一軸向偏移 測里裝置。該軸向偏移測量裝置包括一基座，一活動座係 可在該基座上自由移動，—可自由轉動的惰輪係設於該活 動座上，一動力部係設置在該基座上且具有一伸縮桿及一 撞塊，一電子消J量部係設置該基座i且具有一可伸縮的感 應桿’-彈簧的兩端分別抵於該基座的一側面及該活動座 201221951 二：=。其中’伸縮桿穿過該活動座，該撞塊固定在該 的a過：活動座的段落上’該惰輪輪面正對於該輪框 應^的一夕山卜％面’且與該其中—夹頭的一側面切齊。該感 二結於該活動座，該電子測量部經由該感應桿 ^里月輪被該輪框其中—外環面推移的距離，亦即該外 %面的偏移量。 上过月還包括另一軸向偏移測量裝置，其大致相同於 =軸向偏移㈣以。該另—軸向偏移測量裳置的電子 測以係測量該輪框另一外環面的軸向偏移量。 :::另提供—種用於測量一輪圈之中心偏差的方 二二夾住該輪圈的輪較的心轴兩端，·使該輪框以 該輪权為軸地轉動—圈；在該輪框的轉動過程中， 軸向偏移測量裝置測量該輪框的其中一外環面上多㈣置 點的轴向偏移量；及計算出該絲向偏移4的平均值。 較佳地，本發明方法還包括在該輪框的轉動過程中， 另—軸向偏移測量裝置測量該輪框的另-外環面上多 ^位置點的軸向偏移量，及計算出該些軸向偏移量的 值0 較佳地，本發明方法還包括取該兩平均值 對值，將該絕對值除以2以得到—中心偏差值。值的、邑 至於本發明的其它發明内容與更詳細 明，將揭露於隨後的說明。 汀次力靶說 【實施方式】 201221951 第一圖顯示本發明之檢測設備的一個較佳例子，其包 括機。1、及設於該機台1上之兩爽持裝置2、3，兩轴 向偏移測量裝置4、5，一徑向偏移測量裝置6，一驅動裝 置8’及一電腦系統（圖中未示）係用於控制前述裝置的運 作°該兩夾持裝置2係用於夾持一輪圈9，以使該輪圈9 處於可轉動的狀態。該兩軸向偏移測量裝置4、5係用於測 S該輪圈9的軸向偏移情形。該徑向偏移測量裝置6係用 於測量該輪圈9的徑向偏移情形。該驅動裝置8具有係用 於驅動該輪圈9轉動至少一圈，以使該輪圈9的每個位置 的轴向偏移程度及徑向偏移程度，都能夠被該些測量裝置 4、5、6測量得到。其中，該驅動裝置8並非必要，亦即 可用人工轉動該輪圈9的方式來取代該驅動裝置8。 如第二圖所示，本發明之檢測設備還包括一位移測量 裝置7,其用於測量該夾頭30的位移距離。該位移測量.裝 置7實質上係為一光學尺，其包括一光學偵測器7〇及—尺 71。該光學偵測器70是設置在該夾頭30上，該尺71設於 該機台1上，且正對於該光學偵測器7〇。因此，該電腦系201221951 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to bicycle rim measurement techniques, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for measuring the center deviation of a rim. [Prior Art] In recent years, under the promotion of people from all walks of life, cycling has become quite popular. Therefore, the safety of bicycles has received increasing attention. There are many factors affecting the safety of bicycle driving. The quality of the wheel of the bicycle wheel is one of them. At present, relevant equipment is used to perform the inspection of the quality of the rim, such as Taiwan Announcement No. 166042, 148475, 335893, i256922, M378851, 200835911 The device or device shown in the patent case. Although the apparatus or device shown in each of the above patents has the degree of axial yaw and the degree of radial yaw when measuring the rotation of a rim, however, there is no mention of how to measure the center width of the wheel frame of the rim. The extent to which the point deviates from the center point of the hub. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a detecting apparatus and method for measuring the center deviation of the rim. The detecting device mainly comprises two collets and an axial offset measuring device. The axial offset measuring device includes a base on which a movable seat can be freely moved, a freely rotatable idler is disposed on the movable seat, and a power unit is disposed on the base And having a telescopic rod and a collision block, an electronic elimination unit is provided with the base i and has a telescopic induction rod'-the two ends of the spring respectively abut against a side of the base and the movable seat 201221951 Two: =. Wherein the 'telescopic rod passes through the movable seat, and the collision block is fixed on the passage of the movable seat: the idler wheel surface is facing the wheel frame, and the - One side of the collet is aligned. The sensation is connected to the movable seat, and the electronic measuring unit passes the distance of the outer ring surface of the wheel frame via the sensing rod, that is, the offset of the outer surface. The last month also includes another axial offset measuring device that is approximately the same as = axial offset (four). The additional axial offset measures the electronic measurement of the skirt to measure the axial offset of the other outer annulus of the wheel frame. :::Alternatively, the two sides of the mandrel for measuring the center deviation of one rim are clamped on both ends of the mandrel of the wheel of the rim, and the wheel frame is rotated by the wheel-axis; During the rotation of the wheel frame, the axial offset measuring device measures the axial offset of the plurality of (four) points on one of the outer ring faces of the wheel frame; and calculates the average value of the wire toward the offset 4. Preferably, the method of the present invention further comprises: during the rotation of the wheel frame, the other-axial offset measuring device measures the axial offset of the plurality of positions on the other outer ring surface of the wheel frame, and calculates Preferably, the method of the present invention further comprises taking the two average value pairs and dividing the absolute value by 2 to obtain a - center deviation value. Other aspects of the invention, as well as more details, will be disclosed in the following description. [Embodiment] 201221951 The first figure shows a preferred example of the detecting apparatus of the present invention, which includes a machine. 1. Two cooling devices 2, 3 disposed on the machine 1, two axial offset measuring devices 4, 5, a radial offset measuring device 6, a driving device 8' and a computer system (Fig. Not shown) is used to control the operation of the aforementioned device. The two clamping devices 2 are used to hold a rim 9 so that the rim 9 is in a rotatable state. The two-axis offset measuring device 4, 5 is used to measure the axial offset of the rim 9. The radial offset measuring device 6 is used to measure the radial offset of the rim 9. The driving device 8 has a mechanism for driving the rim 9 to rotate at least one turn so that the axial offset degree and the radial offset degree of each position of the rim 9 can be controlled by the measuring devices 4, 5, 6 measured. Here, the drive unit 8 is not necessary, i.e., the drive unit 8 can be replaced by a manual rotation of the rim 9. As shown in the second figure, the detecting apparatus of the present invention further includes a displacement measuring device 7 for measuring the displacement distance of the collet 30. The displacement measurement device 7 is essentially an optical scale comprising an optical detector 7 and a ruler 71. The optical detector 70 is disposed on the chuck 30. The ruler 71 is disposed on the machine table 1 and is adjacent to the optical detector 7. Therefore, the computer department
統可以藉由該位移測量裝置7而測量到該夾頭3〇是相對該 機台1移動了多少距離。 X «°第三圖所示，該夾持裝 裝置2丨。該夾頭20的底部係滑套於該機台丨上 1 1 -r __ 'Wli 3¾ 可相對於該機台1地橫向移動，即沿X軸方向移 該推動裝置21設於該機台i上’其可選用汽麼缸:動原 缸’用以推動該夾頭20移動。 坠 該夾持裝置3還具有一夾頭3〇及一推動裝置31 夾頭30位於該夾頭20的正對面，且其底部係滑套於^ 201221951 道12，而可相對於該機台1地橫向移動，即沿x轴移動。 該推動裝置31可選用汽壓缸或油壓缸，用以推動該夾頭 30移動。該執道12及該推動裝置31可直接設置於該機台 1上，然而，在本例當中，為能適應不同規格的輪圈，如 第一、二圖所示，該執道12及該推動裝置31是固定地設 置在一滑座13上，該滑座13是滑套在該機台丨上的一滑 槽14,且其底部螺合於樞設該機台丨上之一導螺桿15，該 導螺桿15的一端設有一手輪16，因此，轉動該手輪“可 帶動整該滑座13橫向移動。 凊參閱第四、五圖，該軸向偏移測量裝置4包括一基 座40、及設於該基座40上之一活動座41、一動力部42、 一電子測量部43、一彈簧44、及一惰輪46。該基座4〇位 於忒夾頭20上方，且可相對於該夾頭2〇作昇降移動即 =z軸方向移動，在此例子♦，該基座4〇是藉由一導螺 才干機構45而設置該夾頭20上，轉動該導螺桿機構45的手 輪450可帶動該基座4〇作昇降位移。 該活動座41設置在該基座4〇上，在此例子中’該活 動座41是藉由兩滑桿411及兩低摩擦力的軸承4丨2而穿設 在該基座20上，因此，該活動座41在該基座2〇上很自由 地滑動。 該惰輪46係設於該活動座41上，且可自由轉動。 該動力部42可為一油壓缸或汽壓缸，其設置在該基座 上且具有伸縮杯420穿過該活動座41，及一擋塊 421固疋在該伸縮桿42〇穿過該活動座41的段落上，例如 該伸縮桿420末端’使得該活動座41可沿著該伸縮桿倒 201221951 自由移動。 該電子測量部43係設置該基座4〇上，用以量測該活 動座41的位移距離。該測量裝置43可選用市售的電位計， 其具有一可伸縮的感應桿430 ,該感應桿43〇的一端連結 於該活動座41 ’因此，該活動座41的移動可經由該感應 桿430而反應於該電子測量部43。由於該惰輪46是設置 在該活動座上，所以該活動座41的移動量就相當於該 惰輪46的移動量。該電子測量部43電性連接於該電腦系 統’可將其測量結果’即該惰輪46的移動量傳給該電腦系 統0 該彈篑44套於該感應桿㈣上，且兩端分別抵於該基 座40的一側面及該活動座41的一側面。 請參閱第六圖，該軸向偏移測量裝置5包括一基座 5〇、及設於該基座50上之一活動座51 '一動力部52:一 電子測量㉝53、-彈簧54、及—惰輪56，該些裝置一一 對應相同於上述的基座40、活動座41、動力部42、測量 裝置43、彈簧44、及惰輪46,容不贅述。如第三圖所示， 該基座50是連接於該滑座13，而可跟隨該滑座13移動， 7基座50在是該滑轨500作昇降位移。該滑執5〇〇較佳 疋由一或多支並行的直桿所组成，該基座5〇是滑套於該些 直桿上。此外，該基座50還連接至設在該機台丨上的一導 螺桿昇降載台55，因此’轉動該導螺桿昇降載台55的導 螺桿550,可驅動該基座5〇該滑軌5〇〇作昇降位移。 第七、八圖係以局部俯視方式顯示該兩夾頭5〇進行夾 持該輪圈9的輪轂90的情形。該兩夹頭2〇、3〇夹住該輪 201221951 較90的心軸901的動作過程如下： 一開始’如第三圖所亦’該兩夾頭20、30分別位於其 原始位置’接著’在該電腦系統的控制下： 請參閱第七圖，令該推動裝置21將該夾頭20從其原 始位置推移到一基準點位置’在本例中，是以該爽頭20 的推進行程終點為該基準點位置； 令該夾頭20失住該輪圈9的輪轂90的心軸901的一 端’此時，請配合參閱第八圖’該失頭20的一側面200 係貼靠於該輪轂9〇的一側面900 ; 令該推動裝置31將該夾頭30從其原始位置推移到一 基準點位置； 令該失頭30夾住該心軸901的另一端，此時，請配合 參閱第八圖，該夾頭30的一側面300係貼靠於該輪轂9〇 的另一側面900a。 如此’即完成該兩夾頭20、30失住該心軸901的作業。 其中，在正常情況下，當該輪轂9〇組合於一車又時（例如 則又），該輪轂90的該兩側面900、900a係分別貼靠於該 車又的兩又桿的尾部内側面，以確保整個輪圈9是位在兩 又桿的中間。 在本例中，該輪毅90的兩側面9〇〇與900a之間的間 距A被定義為該輪轂90的長度，它事先被輸入於該電腦 系統。再者，該夾頭20的基準點位置是預先被定義出來 的’對该電腦系統而言為一已知點，該夾頭3〇的原始位置 亦然，所以，該夾頭20位於其基準點位置時其側面2〇〇 201221951 與該夾頭30位於原始位置時其側面3〇〇之間的距離&是 該電腦系統中的-己知參數。如此，該距離B減去該間距 A的差值，就是該夾頭30從其原始位置移動到其基準點位 置的距離c ’該電腦系統可藉由該位移測量裝置7侦測出 該夾頭30走了多少距離’並且在該夾頭3〇走完一個距離 C之時（即已到達其基準點位置），令該夾頭3〇停止前進並 夾住該心軸901的另一端。其中，該該兩夾頭2〇、3〇可選 用常用於金屬加JL機的三爪或四爪炎頭，用以夾住或鬆開 該心轴901的兩端。 睛參閱第九圖，其為該第一圖的前視圖，其中顯示該 軸向偏移測量裝置4、5的活動座4卜51位於其原始位置^ 此時，該活動座41壓縮著該彈簧44,該動力部42藉其伸 縮桿420及擔塊421而拉住該活動座41，該惰輪46的輪 面齊平於該夾頭20的該側面200,並正對於該輪圈9的輪 框91的其中一外環面910。相同的情形也發生在該軸向： 移測！裝置5 ’容不贅述，此時，該惰輪％的輪面齊平於 該夾頭30的該側面300，並正對於該輪框91的另一外環 面 911。 該輪框91的橫寬W，即該兩外環面9丨〇、9丨丨之間的 間距，假設該輪框91的橫寬W的中間點是正對於該輪轂 9〇的中心點，這表示對該輪轂90而言’該輪框91的兩^ 環面910、911分別位於理想位置，沒有發生偏移，簡言之， 即謂該輪框91沒有發生中心偏差 91的兩外環面有一者偏離其理想位 發生中心偏差。 。反過來說，若該輪框 置’即謂該輪框91已 當該輪圈9的輪框91的橫寬W的令間點是正對於該 201221951 輪轂90的長度的中間點時（即該間距A的中心點），由於 該輪框91的橫寬W已事先設定於該電腦系統中，所以，； 將該輪轂90的長度的一半，減去該輪框91的橫寬w 一 半，其值就是圖中的距離E及距離F。其中，該距離£為 該夾頭20位於該基準點位置時其側面2〇〇到該輪框μ的 其中一外環面910之間的距離，而該距離F為該失頭％ 位於其基準點位置時其側面3〇〇到該輪框9丨的另一外環面 911之間的距離。 • 接著，該電腦系統令該軸向偏移測量裝置4開始進行 一測量作業，即該動力部42將其伸縮桿42〇推伸到其行程 的終點，在此過程中，藉由該彈簧44的回復力可將該活 動座41向該輪框91推進，直到該惰輪46的輪面抵貼於該 輪框91的該外環面91〇，一如第十圖所示，與此同時，該 電子測量部43的感應桿43〇被該活動座41拉動而朝該輪 杧91推進，直到該惰輪46的輪面抵貼於該輪框91的該外 環面91G為止，如此，該電子測量部43即可藉由㈣該感 應桿430的移動而量測到該惰輪46已移動-段距離E1。 在該電腦系統令該轴向偏移測量裝置4展開其測量作業之 同時，也令該軸向偏移測量裝置5進行一測量作業，其過 程相同於該軸向偏移測量裝置4，容不贅述，簡言之，該 電子測量部53可量測到該惰輪56已移動一段距離E2。 如果該輪圈9的輪框91完全沒有發生令心偏差，則 第十圖所示的狀況下轉動該輪圈9 一圈，該惰輪46、％ 的位置應該都不會變動，使得該電子測量部4 3在該外環面 =10上的每一點所量測到的結果都是相同的扪，該電子測 量邛53在忒外環面9丨丨上的每一點所量測到的結果都是相 201221951 同的E2’而且每一個£1都 都等於上述的距離F。秋而，實;"柄距離E，每-㈣ 大可能完全沒有發生中心偏差C圈9的輪框91不 -圈的過程中，該輪框91的所\’㈣㈣9被轉動 該輪叙90的中心點而作搭ΓΓ 〇、911會相對於 •56,二= 移，從而分別去推移該惰輪 ::使蝴子測量部43在該外環面91〇上的每一點 所測畺到的距離E1不盡相@ ” ,θ 也不一定相同於該距離Ε， 而該電子測買部53在該外環 m 旳 點所測量到的 不盡相同，也不-定相同於該距離F。. 偏離咸去E以仵到一差值’該差值就是該外環面910 其理4位置的偏移量，稱為左軸向偏移值。將E2減 E以付到-差值，該差值就是該外環面州偏離里理相 =的偏移量，稱為右軸向偏移值。簡言之，該電腦純 可猎由該㈣偏移測量裝置4量測到該輪框9ι的每一點的 右軸向偏移值，並藉由該軸向偏移測量裝置5量測到該輪 框91的每一點的左軸向偏移值。 接著，該電腦系統計算出該些左軸向偏移值的平均 值，及計算出該些右軸向偏移值的平均值，然後，取該兩 平均值的差值的絕對值，該絕對值除以2即得到一中心偏 差值。由該中心偏差值的大小可以了解到該輪圈9的輪框 91的橫寬W的中心點偏離其輪轂9〇的中心點的程度，偏 離程度愈小，表示該輪圈9的品質等級愈高，反之愈低。 此外’將該些左軸向偏移值中的最大值減去最小值， 可得到一平坦值，而將該些右軸向偏移值中的最大值減去 最小值，可得到另一平坦值，該兩平坦值分別代表該輪框 91的兩外環面91〇、911的平坦度》 12 201221951 在理想狀況下，如欲測量到上述的結果，該兩夾頭 20、30應到達其基準點位置，使得該夾頭2〇的側面2㈧ 應如第八圖所不地貼靠於該輪轂9〇的側面9〇〇，而該夾頭 30的側面300亦應如上述地貼靠於該輪轂9〇的另—側面 900a’此時，該輪轂90的心軸901的兩端應該分別位於該 夾頭20、30内部的一預定位置。然而，實際上有可能因為 一些原因而使得該夾頭20的側面200未確實貼靠於該輪轂 90的側面900’及/或該失頭3〇的側面3〇〇未確實貼靠於 該輪轂90的另一侧面900a，也就是說，該夾頭2〇及/或 該夾頭30貫際上並沒有真正到達其基準點位置，這樣會造 成該軸向偏移測量裝置4及/或該軸向偏移測量裝置5在 測里上的誤差。為解決該問題，如第九圖所示，本發明還 包括兩個光學偵測器72，其分別安裝於該兩夾頭20、30 内部，並電性連接至該電腦系統，位於該夾頭2〇内的光學 伯測器72可偵測出其與該心軸9〇丨之間的間距D1，位於 該夾頭30内的光學偵測器72可偵測出其與該心軸9〇 1之 間的間距D2 ’ D1減去D2所得到的差值，係用於彌補該軸 Φ 向偏移測量裝置4與該軸向偏移測量裝置5在量測上的誤 差。 請參閱第十一圖，該徑向偏移測量裝置6包括一基座 60、及設於該基座60上之一活動座61、一動力部62、一 電子測量部63、一彈簧64、及一惰輪66。前述構造一一 對應相同或類似於上述基座4〇、活動座41、動力部42 ' 測量裝置43、彈簧44、及惰輪46，容不贅述。比較不同 的地方在於該基座60是設置在該導螺桿昇降載台55上而 可跟它一起昇降位移，此外，該基座6〇還可在該導螺桿昇 13 201221951 降載台55上作橫向位移。如第十二圖所示，於該轴向 測量裝置4、5進行上述中心偏_量作業的同時，該徑向 偏移測量裝置6的惰輪66是抵靠於該輪框91的外週緣， -旦該輪框91發生徑向偏移’即沿z軸方向的上下移動， 其偏移情形料以經由該徑向偏移測量裝置6測量得到並 傳送給該電腦系統。 從上述說明可知，本發明之該電腦系統在接收到上述 測里裝置4 5、6、7的測量結果之後，可根據這些測量結 果運算出該輪圈9的中心偏差值、及/或軸向偏移值、及 /或徑向偏移值，並予以輸出，例如將該中心偏差值、及 /或些偏移值顯示於一顯示器，及/或藉由一列印裝置將 該中心偏差值、及/或些偏移值列印於紙張或打印於該輪 圈9的輪框91的外環面。 相對於先前技術，本發明首創測量一輪圈之中心偏差 量’用以表示該輪圈的品質等級。 無論如何’任何人都可以從上述例子的說明獲得足夠 教導’並據而了解本發明内容確實不同於先前技術，且具 有產業上之利用性，及足具進步性。是本發明確已符合專 利要件，爰依法提出申請。 201221951 【圖式簡單說明】 鸞 第一圖，係本發明之一較佳實施例的外觀圖。 第二圖，係本發明該較佳實施例之夾頭的局部外觀圖。 第三圖，係本發明該較佳實施例的局部外觀圖。 第四圖’係|發明該較佳實施例之轴向偏移測量裝置4的 外觀圖。 第五圖，係該軸向偏移測量裝置4的正視圖。 # 帛六圖，係本發明該較佳實施例之軸向偏移測量裝置5的 外觀圖。 第七圖，係顯示本發明該較佳實施例之兩夾頭2〇、3〇的俯 視圖，用以說明其動作過程。 第八圖，係顯示該兩夾頭2〇、3〇夾住一輪轂9〇的心軸9〇1 的情形。 第九十圖，係顯示本發明該較佳實施例的局部正視圖， φ 用以說明其如何量測得到一中心偏差值。 第十圖，係本發明該較佳實施例之徑向偏移測量裝置ό 的外觀圖。 第十一圖，係顯示本發明該較佳實施例的正視圖，用以說 明該徑向偏移測量裝置6的作用。 15 201221951 【主要元件符號說明】 1機台 13滑座 15導螺桿 2、3夾持裝置 200、300 側面 4軸向偏移測量裝置 41活動座 412轴承 420伸縮桿 430感應桿 45導螺桿機構 46惰輪 50基座 51活動座 53電子測量部 55導螺桿昇降載台 56惰輪 6徑向偏移測量裝置 61活動座 12軌道 14滑槽 16手輪 20、 30夾頭 21、 31推動裝置 40基座 411滑桿 42動力部 43測量裝置 44彈簧 450手輪 5軸向偏移測量裝置 500滑軌 52動力部 54彈簧 550導螺桿 60基座 62動力部 16 201221951 63電子測量部 66惰輪 7位移測量裝置 71尺 8驅動裝置 9輪圈 900、900a 側面 ^ 91輪框 64彈簧 70光學偵測器 72光學偵測器 90輪轂 901心軸 910、911外環面By the displacement measuring device 7, it is possible to measure how far the chuck 3 is moved relative to the machine 1. X «°The third figure shows the clamping device 2丨. The bottom of the collet 20 is slidably sleeved on the table 1 1 1 -r __ 'Wli 326 can be moved laterally relative to the machine 1 , that is, the pushing device 21 is disposed along the X axis. The 'optional steam cylinder: the movable cylinder' is used to push the chuck 20 to move. The clamping device 3 further has a collet 3〇 and a pushing device 31. The collet 30 is located directly opposite the collet 20, and the bottom portion is sleeved on the ^201221951 channel 12, and is opposite to the machine 1 The ground moves laterally, that is, moves along the x-axis. The pushing device 31 may be provided with a steam cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder for pushing the chuck 30 to move. The roadway 12 and the pushing device 31 can be directly disposed on the machine table 1. However, in this example, in order to adapt to different specifications of the wheel, as shown in the first and second figures, the road 12 and the The pushing device 31 is fixedly disposed on a sliding seat 13 which is a sliding slot 14 of the sliding sleeve on the machine base, and the bottom portion thereof is screwed to a lead screw pivoting on the machine base 15. One end of the lead screw 15 is provided with a hand wheel 16, so that the rotation of the hand wheel "can drive the slide 13 to move laterally." Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the axial offset measuring device 4 includes a base. a seat 40, a movable seat 41 disposed on the base 40, a power unit 42, an electronic measuring unit 43, a spring 44, and an idler pulley 46. The base 4 is located above the jaws 20, And moving relative to the chuck 2 for lifting movement, that is, the direction of the z-axis. In this example, the base 4 is disposed on the chuck 20 by a guiding mechanism 45, and the lead screw is rotated. The hand wheel 450 of the mechanism 45 can drive the base 4 to move up and down. The movable seat 41 is disposed on the base 4, in this example, the movable seat 41 is The two sliding rods 411 and the two low-friction bearings 4丨2 are disposed on the base 20, so that the movable seat 41 slides freely on the base 2〇. The idler 46 is fastened. The movable part 41 is freely rotatable. The power part 42 can be a hydraulic cylinder or a steam pressure cylinder disposed on the base and having a telescopic cup 420 passing through the movable seat 41 and a stopper The 421 is fixed on the section of the telescopic rod 42 that passes through the movable seat 41, for example, the end of the telescopic rod 420, so that the movable seat 41 can freely move along the telescopic rod down 201221951. The electronic measuring part 43 is configured to The base 4 is configured to measure the displacement distance of the movable seat 41. The measuring device 43 can be selected from a commercially available potentiometer having a telescopic sensing rod 430, and one end of the sensing rod 43 is coupled thereto. The movable seat 41', therefore, the movement of the movable seat 41 can be reflected by the electronic measuring portion 43 via the sensing rod 430. Since the idler 46 is disposed on the movable seat, the moving amount of the movable seat 41 is equivalent The amount of movement of the idler 46. The electronic measuring unit 43 is electrically connected to the computer system' The measurement result 'that is, the amount of movement of the idler 46 is transmitted to the computer system 0. The magazine 44 is sleeved on the sensing rod (4), and the two ends are respectively abutted against a side of the base 40 and the movable seat 41. Referring to the sixth figure, the axial offset measuring device 5 includes a base 5〇, and a movable seat 51 ′ on the base 50. A power unit 52: an electronic measurement 3353, - The spring 54 and the idler 56 are corresponding to the base 40, the movable seat 41, the power unit 42, the measuring device 43, the spring 44, and the idler 46, respectively, and are not described herein. As shown, the base 50 is coupled to the carriage 13 and is movable along the carriage 13, and the base 50 is in the upshift of the slide rail 500. Preferably, the slider 5 is comprised of one or more parallel straight rods that are slipped over the straight rods. In addition, the base 50 is also connected to a lead screw lifting and lowering stage 55 provided on the machine table, so that the rotating lead screw 550 of the lead screw lifting and lowering stage 55 can be driven to drive the base 5 to the sliding rail. 5 升降 lifting displacement. The seventh and eighth figures show the case where the two collets 5 〇 carry the hub 90 holding the rim 9 in a partial plan view. The action of the two collets 2〇, 3〇 clamping the mandrel 901 of the wheel 201221951 compared with 90 is as follows: At the beginning, as shown in the third figure, the two collets 20, 30 are respectively located at their original positions. Under the control of the computer system: Referring to the seventh diagram, the pushing device 21 is caused to move the collet 20 from its original position to a reference point position. In this example, the end of the advancement stroke of the smooth head 20 For the reference point position; the collet 20 is caused to lose the end of the mandrel 901 of the hub 90 of the rim 9. In this case, please refer to the eighth figure, a side 200 of the lost head 20 is attached to the a side surface 900 of the hub 9; the pushing device 31 is caused to move the chuck 30 from its original position to a reference point position; and the head 30 is clamped to the other end of the spindle 901. In the eighth figure, one side 300 of the collet 30 abuts against the other side 900a of the hub 9'. Thus, the work of the two chucks 20, 30 to lose the mandrel 901 is completed. Wherein, under normal circumstances, when the hub 9 is combined with a vehicle (for example, again), the two sides 900, 900a of the hub 90 respectively abut against the inner side of the tail of the two poles of the vehicle. To ensure that the entire rim 9 is in the middle of the two poles. In this example, the distance A between the two sides 9〇〇 and 900a of the wheel 90 is defined as the length of the hub 90, which is previously input to the computer system. Moreover, the reference point position of the collet 20 is defined in advance as 'a known point for the computer system, and the original position of the collet 3〇 is also the same. Therefore, the collet 20 is located at its reference. The distance between the side 2〇〇201221951 and the side 3〇〇 of the collet 30 when it is in the home position is the known parameter in the computer system. Thus, the difference between the distance B minus the spacing A is the distance c from the original position of the collet 30 to its reference position. The computer system can detect the collet by the displacement measuring device 7. How many distances have been taken 30 and when the collet 3 has finished a distance C (i.e., has reached its reference point position), the collet 3 has stopped moving and clamped the other end of the mandrel 901. Wherein, the two collets 2〇, 3〇 can be used to clamp or loosen the two ends of the mandrel 901, which are commonly used for metal plus JL machines. Referring to the ninth drawing, which is a front view of the first figure, wherein the movable seat 4 of the axial offset measuring device 4, 5 is shown in its original position ^ at this time, the movable seat 41 compresses the spring 44. The power unit 42 pulls the movable seat 41 by its telescopic rod 420 and the weight 421. The wheel surface of the idler gear 46 is flush with the side surface 200 of the chuck 20 and is facing the rim 9 One of the outer annular faces 910 of the wheel frame 91. The same situation also occurs in the axial direction: The device 5' is not described here, at this time, the wheel surface of the idler wheel % is flush with the side face 300 of the collet 30 and is facing the other outer ring surface 911 of the wheel frame 91. The width W of the wheel frame 91, that is, the distance between the two outer annular faces 9丨〇, 9丨丨, assumes that the intermediate point of the lateral width W of the wheel frame 91 is the center point of the hub 9〇, which It is shown that the two ring faces 910 and 911 of the wheel frame 91 are located at the ideal position for the hub 90, and no offset occurs. In short, the wheel frame 91 does not have two outer torus of the center deviation 91. One has a center deviation from its ideal position. . Conversely, if the wheel frame is set to 'that the wheel frame 91 has been the intermediate point of the length W of the 201221951 hub 90 when the interleaving point of the width W of the wheel frame 91 of the rim 9 is (i.e., the spacing) The center point of A), since the width W of the wheel frame 91 has been previously set in the computer system, the half of the length of the hub 90 is subtracted from the half width w of the wheel frame 91, and its value It is the distance E and the distance F in the figure. Wherein, the distance £ is the distance between the side 2 of the collet 20 and the outer annular surface 910 of the wheel frame μ when the collet 20 is at the reference point position, and the distance F is the reference % of the missing head. The distance between the side 3 of the point position and the other outer annular surface 911 of the wheel frame 9丨. • Next, the computer system causes the axial offset measuring device 4 to begin a measurement operation, that is, the power portion 42 pushes its telescopic rod 42〇 to the end of its stroke, in the process, by the spring 44 The restoring force can push the movable seat 41 toward the wheel frame 91 until the wheel surface of the idler gear 46 abuts against the outer annular surface 91 of the wheel frame 91, as shown in the tenth figure. The sensing rod 43 of the electronic measuring unit 43 is pulled by the movable seat 41 and pushed toward the rim 91 until the wheel surface of the idler 46 abuts against the outer annular surface 91G of the wheel frame 91. The electronic measuring unit 43 can measure that the idler 46 has moved by the segment distance E1 by (4) the movement of the sensing rod 430. While the computer system causes the axial offset measuring device 4 to expand its measurement operation, the axial offset measuring device 5 also performs a measuring operation, the process of which is the same as the axial offset measuring device 4, which does not allow To be described, in short, the electronic measuring portion 53 can measure that the idle gear 56 has moved a distance E2. If the wheel frame 91 of the rim 9 does not have a core deviation at all, the rim 9 is rotated once in the condition shown in the tenth figure, and the position of the idler 46, % should not change, so that the electron The result measured by the measuring portion 43 at each point on the outer ring surface = 10 is the same 扪, and the result measured by the electronic measuring 邛 53 at each point on the outer ring surface 9丨丨It is the same E2' of 201221951 and each £1 is equal to the above distance F. Autumn, real; "handle distance E, per-(four) is likely to have no central deviation at all. C-ring 9 of the wheel frame 91 is not-circle, the wheel box 91's \'(four)(four)9 is rotated. The center point of the ΓΓ 〇, 911 will move relative to the ?56, two =, so that the idler wheel is moved separately: the butterfly measuring portion 43 is measured at each point on the outer ring surface 91〇 The distance E1 is not in phase @ ” , θ is not necessarily the same as the distance Ε, and the electronic measuring unit 53 measures differently at the outer ring m , point, and is not determined to be the same as the distance F Deviating from the salt to E to pick up a difference 'This difference is the offset of the outer ring surface 910 from the 4 position, called the left axis offset value. E2 minus E to pay the difference The difference is the offset of the outer annulus state from the phase of the phase, which is called the right axial offset value. In short, the computer can be hunted by the (four) offset measuring device 4 The right axial offset value of each point of the wheel frame 9ι, and the left axial offset value of each point of the wheel frame 91 is measured by the axial offset measuring device 5. Then, the computer system calculates Some of these The average value of the axial offset values, and the average value of the right axial offset values are calculated, and then the absolute value of the difference between the two average values is taken, and the absolute value is divided by 2 to obtain a center deviation value. From the magnitude of the center deviation value, it can be understood that the center point of the width W of the wheel frame 91 of the rim 9 deviates from the center point of the hub 9〇, and the degree of deviation is smaller, indicating the quality level of the rim 9. The higher, the lower the lower. In addition, 'the minimum value of the left axial offset values is subtracted from the minimum value to obtain a flat value, and the maximum value of the right axial offset values is subtracted from the minimum value. For the value, another flat value is obtained, which represents the flatness of the two outer annulus 91〇, 911 of the wheel frame 91 respectively. 12 201221951 Under ideal conditions, if the above result is to be measured, the two clips The heads 20, 30 should reach their reference point positions such that the side 2 (8) of the collet 2 应 should abut against the side 9 该 of the hub 9 如 as shown in the eighth figure, and the side 300 of the collet 30 The other side 900a' of the hub 9〇 should be placed as described above, at this time, the mandrel 901 of the hub 90 The ends should be located at a predetermined position inside the collet 20, 30. However, it is actually possible for some reason that the side 200 of the collet 20 does not indeed abut the side 900' of the hub 90 and/or The side face 3 of the lost head 3 does not necessarily abut against the other side 900a of the hub 90, that is, the collet 2 and/or the collet 30 does not actually reach its reference point. Position, which causes an error in the measurement of the axial offset measuring device 4 and/or the axial offset measuring device 5. To solve this problem, as shown in the ninth figure, the present invention also includes two opticals. The detectors 72 are respectively mounted inside the two chucks 20, 30 and electrically connected to the computer system. The optical detector 72 located in the chuck 2 can detect the mandrel 9 and the spindle 9 The spacing D1 between the turns, the optical detector 72 located in the chuck 30 can detect the difference between the distance D2 ' D1 minus the D2 between the mandrel 9 〇 1 and the difference. To compensate for the error in the measurement of the axis Φ to the offset measuring device 4 and the axial offset measuring device 5. Referring to FIG. 11 , the radial offset measuring device 6 includes a base 60 , a movable seat 61 disposed on the base 60 , a power unit 62 , an electronic measuring unit 63 , and a spring 64 . And an idler pulley 66. The foregoing configurations correspond to the same or similar to the base 4, the movable seat 41, the power unit 42' measuring device 43, the spring 44, and the idler 46, and are not described herein. The difference is that the base 60 is disposed on the lead screw lifting and lowering table 55 and can be moved up and down together with the lead screw. Further, the base 6 can also be used on the lead screw table 13 201221951. Lateral displacement. As shown in the twelfth figure, while the axial measuring device 4, 5 performs the above-described center biasing amount operation, the idler gear 66 of the radial offset measuring device 6 abuts against the outer periphery of the wheel frame 91. The wheel frame 91 is radially offset, i.e., moved up and down in the z-axis direction, the offset of which is measured by the radial offset measuring device 6 and transmitted to the computer system. As can be seen from the above description, the computer system of the present invention can calculate the center deviation value and/or the axial direction of the rim 9 based on the measurement results after receiving the measurement results of the metering devices 4 5, 6, and 7. Offset value, and/or radial offset value, and outputting, for example, displaying the center deviation value, and/or some offset value on a display, and/or using a printing device to offset the center deviation value, And/or offset values are printed on the paper or printed on the outer annulus of the wheel frame 91 of the rim 9. In contrast to the prior art, the present invention firstly measures the amount of center deviation of a rim to indicate the quality level of the rim. In any event, 'anyone can obtain sufficient teaching from the description of the above examples' and it is understood that the present invention is indeed different from the prior art, and is industrially usable and progressive. It is the invention that has indeed met the patent requirements and has applied for it according to law. 201221951 [Simplified description of the drawings] The first figure is an external view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second drawing is a partial appearance view of the collet of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third drawing is a partial appearance view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is an external view showing the axial displacement measuring device 4 of the preferred embodiment. The fifth diagram is a front view of the axial offset measuring device 4. #六六图 is an external view of the axial offset measuring device 5 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the two chucks 2, 3, of the preferred embodiment of the present invention for explaining the operation thereof. The eighth figure shows the case where the two chucks 2〇, 3〇 clamp the mandrel 9〇1 of a hub 9〇. Figure 90 is a partial front elevational view showing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and φ is used to illustrate how it measures a center deviation value. Fig. 10 is an external view of a radial offset measuring device 该 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a front elevational view showing the preferred embodiment of the present invention for explaining the action of the radial offset measuring device 6. 15 201221951 [Description of main components] 1 machine 13 slide 15 lead screw 2, 3 clamping device 200, 300 side 4 axial offset measuring device 41 movable seat 412 bearing 420 telescopic rod 430 induction rod 45 lead screw mechanism 46 Idler 50 base 51 movable seat 53 electronic measuring part 55 lead screw lifting stage 56 idler 6 radial offset measuring device 61 movable seat 12 track 14 chute 16 hand wheel 20, 30 chuck 21, 31 pushing device 40 Base 411 Slider 42 Power section 43 Measuring device 44 Spring 450 Handwheel 5 Axial offset Measuring device 500 Slide 52 Power section 54 Spring 550 Lead screw 60 Base 62 Power section 16 201221951 63 Electronic measuring section 66 Idler 7 Displacement measuring device 71 尺 8 driving device 9 rim 900, 900a side ^ 91 wheel frame 64 spring 70 optical detector 72 optical detector 90 hub 901 spindle 910, 911 outer annulus
1717