TW201214916A - Battery management system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates in battery management system, comprises: a control device and switch sets; Two sets or more of series-connected batteries are connected in parallel, when batteries are charging or discharge or no load in open circuit can be occur loop current in batteries series-parallel circuit, the present invention can be reduce the power consumption.

Description

201214916 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a battery management system comprising: a control device and a switch group, wherein the application control device discriminates between the battery pack in a charged state or a discharge state, Or no-load open state, or drive the switch group, so that the battery reduces the battery circulation generated under charging or discharging or no-load open circuit, and improves the efficiency of charging or discharging the battery and the battery pack reduces its circulation loss under no-load condition. [Prior Art]

As shown in Figure 1, it is a conventional battery management integrated circuit (Battery)

Management IC 'BMIC), such as the commercially available bq59414, bq29419 (ΤΙ), AIC1804 and other integrated circuits, has the following disadvantages: 1. Battery Ε 1 is connected in parallel with battery Ε 2, battery Ε 3 is connected in parallel with battery Ε 4, battery Ε 5 and battery Ε6 is connected in parallel, and the battery Ε7 is connected in parallel with the battery Ε8. When it is charged, the Ε1 and Ε2 groups are Ε3 and Ε4 groups, and the Ε5 and Ε6 groups, and the Ε7盥Ε8 group will generate circulation loss. ^ 8 2. Since the battery pack is discharged to the load, turbulence is also generated between the paralleled two batteries, causing loss. 3. When the battery pack is open without load, it will be connected in parallel with the second power == production trace to exhaust the power stored in the battery pack, resulting in [invention] loss to reduce the electric green in charging or unloading no load Circulation when opening the circuit: The first object of the present invention is to automatically perform the functions of floating charging, electric charging and discharging, and the best energy saving effect by using the control device in the open circuit of no load or no load. (10) Charging and discharging, the second object of the present invention is to use the sensor (Se battery pack performs charging or discharging or no-load open circuit, giving opening 201214916 action, and reducing power loss of the battery pack. The group switch group uses a relay (test y) to supply power for a large current, or a large current supply. The fourth object of the present invention is to use the first switch to reversely connect the first diode 2^= :: Current and snubber,

The forward voltage drop of the pole f and the third diode of the second switch 盥d: = the diode of the second battery pack, the third diode, the descending of the fourth diode, the second battery pack The sixth purpose of reducing the balance of the two battery packs is to use the forward voltage drop of the fifth diode and the forward voltage drop of the sixth diode to perform the voltage of the two or two battery packs. When different = parallel, the forward voltage drop of the 5th diode and the 6th diode is used to balance the f voltage of the two batteries or the two batteries, and the flow loss of the two batteries or the two batteries is reduced.

The invention has the following features: 1.1 The contact of the relay serves as a connection interface between the battery pack and the external load or charging device, and the contact resistance of the relay is very low, only about a few milliohms or less 'can reduce the battery pack thereof. Circuit loss. 2.= Use high-power relays for high-power loads such as automobiles, electric vehicles, or other large power needs. 3. The control device is composed of a sensor and a voltage comparator integrated circuit, and its output terminal is characterized in that the battery pack can be identified as a charging state or a discharging state or a no-load open circuit, thereby controlling the switch group. 4. The battery according to the battery management system of the present invention is a secondary battery. That is, all of the secondary batteries can be applied to the battery management 201214916 system of the present invention. 5. The first connection between the first diode and the second diode is reversed. The first and second contacts of the first relay are connected in parallel to perform floating charging, small current charging and discharging, and buffering. It acts to protect the third and second contacts of the relay from damage. " 6. The first forward voltage drop of the first diode and the second diode of the first switch and the forward voltage drop of the third diode and the second diode of the second switch are performed to perform When the two battery packs need to be connected in parallel due to different voltages, the voltage difference of the two battery packs is made by using the third diode of the second diode of the second diode, the forward voltage drop of the fourth diode. And reduce the circulation loss of the two battery packs. 7. Firstly, the forward voltage drop of the 5th diode and the forward voltage drop of the 6th diode are required to perform the difference of the voltage of the two or two battery packs. When connected in parallel, the voltage of the second diode or the second battery is balanced by the forward voltage drop of the fifth diode and the sixth diode, and the circulation loss of the two battery or the two battery is reduced. 2 is a system diagram of the battery management system of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the battery pack EA passes through the contacts a1, a2 of the first relay RL1 and the contact bl 'b2' of the battery pack EB via the second relay RL2. Its contacts a2 and b2 are connected to the positive voltage terminal VP terminal, and are connected to the charging device or load by the positive voltage terminal νρ, and then connected to the negative voltage terminal VN. The VB end of the control device CD (Control Device, CD), the VA end of the sensor Se (Sensor 'Se) 'control device CD is connected to the battery pack terminal and the battery pack EBN terminal, and the VA voltage terminal of the control device cd The VB voltage of the control device CD is connected to both ends of the sensor Se, and the DC voltage output terminal K is connected to the electromagnetic coil π of the first relay RL1 and the electromagnetic coil F2 of the second relay RL2; the so-called two anodes and cathodes The opposite polarity of the diode is the anode of the first diode D1 (Anode) and the cathode of the second diode D2, and the cathode of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 The anode is connected in parallel to the junction ai, a2 of the first relay RL1; the so-called two 201214916 anodes and anodes of opposite polarity are also the anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 The cathode connected to the third diode D3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4, and is connected in parallel to the junction bl, h? of the second relay. The so-called two anodes are connected to the opposite polarity of the cathode. The anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the sixth diode D6, and the cathode of the fifth diode is still the sixth The anode of the polar body D6 is connected in parallel between the battery EAN and the battery ebn. As shown in Fig. 2, the charging operation principle of the present invention is that the current of the charging device (Charge Device) is from the positive voltage terminal VP, when the current is less than When the current value is set, its current is charged from the positive voltage terminal VP to the battery pack ea to ΕΑΝ via the second diode D2, and the VA voltage terminal of the control device CD passes through the sensor Se to the VB voltage terminal of the control device CD. Returning to the negative voltage terminal VN of the charging device cj), and completing the charging process, the current at the other end is charged from the positive voltage terminal vp to the battery pack EB to the EBN via the fourth diode D4 to the VA voltage terminal of the control device CD. After the sensor Se reaches the VB voltage terminal of the control device CD, returns to the negative voltage VN of the charging device, and completes the charging process. When the current is greater than the set current value, the current from the positive voltage terminal VP passes through the first relay RL1. The contact a2, a1 charges the battery pack EA to the ΕΑΝ, and the VA voltage end of the control CD is passed through the sensor Se to the VB voltage terminal of the control device CD, and returns to the negative voltage terminal VN of the charging device. Complete the charging procedure; the other end is from the positive voltage terminal yp, when the thunder is large 2 ϋ RL2 b2, bV; EB to EBN charging, and the VA voltage terminal to the control device CD passes the sensor Se to the VB voltage terminal of the control device CD, and returns to the negative voltage terminal VN of the charging device to complete the charging procedure. ; As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge operation principle of the present invention is that when the discharge current of the battery pack is less than the set current value, the current passes through the ith diode, and the positive voltage terminal VP reaches the load (Load) back to the load. The negative voltage terminal VN, and the VB voltage terminal of the control device CD passes through the sensor Se to the voltage terminal of the control device (3), and then returns to the battery terminal terminal to complete the discharge process; the discharge current of the battery pack base is less than When the current value is set, the current is passed through the 3rd diode D3, and the positive voltage terminal vp 201214916 VB voltage terminal is passed through the sensible negative electrode terminal VN' to the control device 丨 丨 二 二 二 二 二 控制 控制 控制 控制 控制 控制 控制 控制 控制 控制 控制With the voltage terminal, and then back to 'completed _ program; battery pack EB discharge current is large ii^?pi 2 11RL2 ^ bl 5 b2 ? Fan rn Xi Lei r load - 'back to the negative voltage terminal of the load VN ' again Control equipment

aii0T$ί Φ ί f ends the sensor Se to the VA voltage terminal of the control device CD, and then returns to the battery group _, and completes the discharge process. From the figure, it can be seen that when the positive voltage terminal VP and the negative voltage terminal VN are installed, the EA to the face of the county may be larger than the PM; the voltage at the π terminal, if the voltage between the ends of M and EM is greater than the rib to the Li Yan, if you directly connect them in parallel, it will produce loop 2 to make f, flow short circuit 'If the voltage from EA to EAN is greater than EB to EBN 'Volt', then use the direction of the first diode D1 The voltage drop of 0.volts and the forward voltage of the 4th diode D4 is 〇7 volts, total i 4 =Γ=the forward direction of the first diode D1 and the fourth diode D4 f ί 2 special 'so the voltage from the EB to the EBN terminal and the EA to _ two fit fit fit Λ Λ Λ 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 此时 同 同 同 同 同 同 同 同The forward voltage drop of the 3rd diode body and the 2nd diode D2 can be 丨.4 volts to balance the voltage between the two ends of the book and the electric waste at both ends of the ΕΑΝ to the ΕΑΝ to minimize the circulation; If the voltage between the two ends of the battery, the electric dust at both ends of the crucible and the crucible is large, the first diode D1 can be connected in series with multiple diodes, and the second diode is intended to be multiple diodes. Series The third diode D3 is a plurality of diodes connected in series f = 4 is a plurality of diodes in series... Generally, in order to connect the two battery packs in parallel, the basic condition is that the two battery packs should be of the same material and the same voltage characteristics. Conditions such as the same amount of electricity can be _, so the two poles of the two poles are connected in reverse and the 201214916 is connected at the same time to the two contacts of the switch, so that the two battery packs, the cathode of the fifth diode D5 Connected to the dangerous pole of the 6th body D6, the anode of the 5th diode body and the 6th diode, the connection 'between the battery EAN and the battery leg, or the other ^ ίί pool ^ make the second battery or two The battery packs in parallel with the minimum ring body D5 and the sixth diode D6 are actually needed. DTf can also be used as shown in Fig. 2. As can be seen from the figure, the first relay RL1 and the second relay i are open/self-contact. In the _ (four) FF action, a back electromotive force will be generated, and = switch contact money, if the diode of the present invention is connected, the counter-potential of the switch-FF action is absorbed by the diode invented by the county, that is, When the back EMF is at 77 volts, it is short-circuited by the present invention, so the contacts of the relay are not easily worn out, and the extension is continued. As shown in Fig. 3, 7F' is an embodiment of the circuit of the group according to the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the first overvoltage protection integrated circuit ra is connected, and the battery pack is accompanied by '# overheating house protection integrated circuit IC2, the first 1Overvoltage ί _ financial pressure dip circuit IC2 power supply Ϊ ^ Shoulder, its Lai is to avoid electric whistle 9, (four) ^ Ϊ 'still supply the first over voltage protection integrated circuit IC1 ΪΪ body circuit IC2 power supply The power loss is caused by the CD of the device, and the current value is set by the first diode D, the second diode d2, the ^3 diode D3, and the fourth diode D4. Responsible, above the set current value, at the power supply end controlled by the control device (3), the battery closing point is negative "the battery is powered by the second relay, and one of the batteries exceeds the first overvoltage protection integrated circuit IC1 Or the second overvoltage protection integrated circuit IC2 set value, the loss

L 8 201214916 The output terminal T outputs a positive voltage, which makes the field effect transistor Ml or M2 open, and can only perform the floating charge (FloatingCharge) or small current charging and discharging action of the small current under the set value. As shown in FIG. 4, the embodiment of the control device for the battery pack discharge circuit of the present invention can be seen from the figure, the current of the negative voltage terminal VN reaches the VB voltage end of the first voltage comparator integrated circuit IC3 via the sensor. Se to the voltage terminal of the second voltage comparator & body circuit IC3, to the ground terminal, the negative voltage terminal VN is a positive terminal to the ground terminal, and when the current is below the set value, the sensor Se The voltage drop between the two creeps is smaller than the voltage across the second Zener Diode of the first voltage comparator IC3, so the first voltage comparator is the first output of the IC3. Coupler Phi (Photo Coupler,

Phi) The LED is not lit. 'The power supply terminal κ has no DC voltage and is supplied to the ith overvoltage = the protection circuit IC1, the second overvoltage protection integrated circuit IC2, the first relay RL1 and the second relay. The electromagnetic coil, this state is a discharge function of the battery pack to perform a small current, which is electrically connected by the second diode D1, the 3 diode D3; when the current is above the set value, the two ends of the sensor fe The voltage drop is greater than the voltage across the second voltage regulator diode DZ2 of the first voltage comparator integrated circuit IC3, so that the ith photocoupler phl of the output terminal of the first voltage comparator integrated circuit IC3 is printed. When the power supply terminal κ is turned on, the power supply is supplied to the first and second overvoltage protection integrated circuits iq and ic2, and the electromagnetic coils FI and F2 of the first and second relays ru and 乩2 are discharged. The contact points ai, a2 of the first relay RL1 and the contacts bl, b2 of the second relay RL2 are negatively and electrically connected. From the above, the control device of the present invention has a small current discharge, large current discharge and control power supply for controlling the battery pack. End K power supply and other effects. As shown in FIG. 5, the second embodiment of the battery pack charging circuit of the control device of the present invention can be seen from the figure, the current of the positive voltage terminal vp is connected to the ground terminal and then to the VA voltage terminal of the second voltage comparator integrated circuit IC4. Via the sensor Se to the VB voltage terminal of the second voltage comparator integrated circuit IC4, to the negative voltage terminal state, the negative voltage terminal VN is negative for the ground terminal' when the current is below the set value, 201214916 The voltage drop across the sensor SE is less than the voltage across the fourth voltage regulator diode DZ4 of the second voltage comparator integrated circuit IC4, so the second voltage of the second voltage comparator integrated circuit IC4 output terminal The LED of the coupler Ph2 is not lit, and the power supply terminal K is not supplied with the DC voltage to the first overvoltage protection integrated circuit ΙΠ 'the second overvoltage protection integrated circuit IC2, the first relay RL1 of the electromagnetic coil F1 and the second relay RL2 The electromagnetic coil F2 is in the state that the battery pack performs a charging function of a small current, and the second diode D2 and the fourth diode D4 are electrically connected. When the current is above a set value, the sensor Se The voltage drop at both ends is greater than the second voltage comparator integrated circuit IC4 4 voltage of the two terminals of the voltage regulator diode DZ4' At the output of the second voltage comparator integrated circuit iC4, the LE2 of the second photocoupler Ph2 is bright, and the power supply terminal K supplies power to the first and The second overvoltage protection integrated circuit IC, IC2, and the electromagnetic coils FI and F2 of the first and second relays RL1 and RL2, at this time, the charging current of the battery pack is the contact a2'al and the second of the first relay RL1. The contact b2 'bl negatively and electrically connected to the relay RL2 is known from the above. The control device of the present invention has the functions of controlling the small current charging of the battery pack, charging the large current, and controlling the power supply of the power terminal K. The invention is a novel, progressive and industrially usable, and should conform to the patent application requirements. The invention patent application is filed according to law, and the reviewing committee is invited to give the invention patent as early as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a conventional battery management integrated circuit. 2 is a system diagram of a battery management system of the present invention. 3 is an embodiment of a switch block circuit of the present invention. 4 is an embodiment of a control device for a battery pack discharge circuit of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an embodiment of a battery pack charging circuit of the control device of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 201214916 vp The positive voltage terminal of the charging or discharging device. The negative voltage terminal of the VN charging or discharging device. CD control device.

Se sensor. VA voltage comparator integrated circuit A point voltage terminal. VB voltage comparator integrated circuit B point voltage terminal. EA A battery. ΕΑΝ Group A battery series. EB B battery. EBN Group B battery series. • Ml, M2 1st and 2nd field effect transistors. IC1, IC2 1st and 2nd overvoltage protection integrated circuit. IC3, IC4 first and second voltage comparator integrated circuits. RL1, RL2 first and second relays. FI, F2 The electromagnetic coil of the first and second relays. Ab a2 the first and second contacts of the first relay. bL·b2 The second relay of the second relay. DZ2 2nd regulator diode. DZ4 4th regulator diode. m Phi 1st photocoupler. 9 Ph2 2nd Photocoupler.

Dl, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 diodes.

Claims (1)

201214916 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A switch used in the battery management system, characterized in that the switch contacts are connected in parallel: two diodes with opposite anode and cathode polarities are connected, and the function is to reduce the parallel battery pack. Loss of the inter-circular flow; or '4 two anodes connected to the opposite polarity of the cathode, each of which can be connected in series with a plurality of diodes, the effect of which is to reduce and circulate between the groups loss. 2. A battery or two battery pack used in a battery management system, characterized in that two batteries or two battery packs are connected in parallel: Two diodes with opposite anode and cathode polarity connected to reduce the loss of circulation between parallel two or two battery packs; or two anodes with opposite anode and cathode polarity, each of which has two poles The body can be connected in series with a plurality of diodes, and the effect is to reduce the loss of circulation between the two batteries or the two battery groups. 3. A control device used in a battery management system, comprising: two sets of voltage comparator integrated circuit and a set of sensors, having: determining the battery pack under the set current value, performing charging and discharging effects And/or discriminate the battery pack above the set current value, perform the charging and discharging functions; and/or control the power of the switch group electromagnetic coil and the overvoltage protection integrated circuit power supply. I 51 12