TW201203964A - Frequency offset determination device and frequency offset determination method - Google Patents

Abstract

A frequency offset determination device is disclosed for determining a frequency offset in a receiver of a communication system. The frequency offset determination device includes a calculation unit, for performing fourth power calculation on a plurality of signal values to generate a plurality of fourth power signal values, a frequency offset adjustment unit, for estimating a frequency offset and adjusting the plurality of fourth power signal values with the frequency offset to generate a plurality of frequency offset adjusted signal values, and a region determination unit, for determining the distribution of the plurality of frequency offset adjusted signal values in a constellation, and providing determination results to the frequency offset adjustment unit to adjust the frequency offset.

Description

201203964 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a frequency offset judging device and a frequency offset judging method, and more particularly to - quadrature amplitude modulation (quadraturcampntudem Gdu丨_ system - receiving end Ride-offset device and touch method. [Prior Art] Most communication systems today use carrier waves to transmit data to be transmitted, that is, to use the local-source source to adjust the data to be transmitted to - The load of the specific frequency is sent to the track channel on the modulated channel. When the receiving end receives the signal sent by the transmitting end, the receiving end must first use the local vibration to reduce the two weeks. That is to say, frequency reduction), in order to interpret the data to be transmitted by the transmitting end, and in the application of the 'interval', even if the two vibrating circuits with the same specifications are not connected to the whole phase __峨, the transmitting end and the receiving end The terminal has a pseudo-causal. The receiver generated by the demodulation of the receiver and the original transmission terminal are to transmit the 'dead' in this I# shape, in order to ensure that the carrier frequency of the receiving end and the transmitting end are in the green - Plant wave frequency offset estimation The path is used to estimate the amount of the axis existing between the transmitting end and the receiving frequency of the chord, and the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the ia diagram is a schematic diagram of a conventional quadrature phase shift keying 敝 Keying, QPSK) Lai (10) signal: the distribution of the star Gu, and the 1st κ is the 1st When the signal of the phase shift keying modulation system has a frequency offset, the distribution diagram of the constellation diagram is shown. It can be seen from the figure that if there is no de-offset with the transmitting end, the signal of the quadrature phase shift keying modulation system will only appear in the four constellation points (eGn_atiQn pQims); At the same time, the constellation point of the 1B_showing 'orthogonal phase shift keying (4) system will be rotated on the constellation diagram, and the corresponding signal can be expressed as follows:

Where 'η is Bu3, -1, and _3' indicates the phase of the four constellation points when there is no frequency offset, and Δf represents the frequency offset value. Under this circumstance, the conventional technique will perform the fourth-order operation on the signal of the quadrature phase shift keying modulation system with fresh offset, and the following formula can be obtained: X(k)4=-|X(k)| 4 Yan, (Formula 2) It can be seen from Equation 2 that after the fourth power operation, the signal originally represents the phase portion (n) has been eliminated. In this case, after performing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on Equation 2, in the frequency domain (frequenCy d〇main), there is only a high energy spectral line at Af. Therefore, the energy distribution of the line can be observed to obtain the frequency offset value Δί*. And so on, in the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) system, the number of constellation points is the most in the diagonal (ie, the phases are equal to w, 3π/4, ·_, and -3τγ/4). The energy is the strongest, so the above method can also be used to estimate the frequency offset value. 201203964 However, for a system having an interlaced constellation (_ _Ste_on) such as a 128 quadrature amplitude modulation modulation system, it is often impossible to lightly use the above-mentioned square wire to obtain a positive frequency offset value. As shown in Figure 2A, if the receiving end and the transmitting end do not have a frequency offset, then the signal of the positive 128QAM system has no star charm in four diagonals (as indicated by the dotted line area); and when there is a frequency offset , as shown in the first sinking diagram, 128 (the constellation point of the 3鸠 system will also rotate on the constellation diagram. As can be seen from Fig. 2A, since the system with the interlaced constellation has no constellation points before the four diagonals of the constellation diagram Therefore, when using the above method in frequency offset, 'significantly stronger spectral lines may not be obtained in the frequency domain. For example, please refer to Figure 2C, when 2C _ with valve offset, f knows - Qing m The signal of the secret signal is distributed in the frequency domain after the fourth power operation and the fast Fourier transform. As shown in Fig. 2C, the lines A and B have similar high energy. Therefore, on the correct == energy In the case where the difference is not obvious, the conventional technique must calculate a large number of fast Fourier transform operations to calculate more high-energy spectral lines at the correct frequency offset value. (4) Ϊ The above can be known as 'known technology. For quadrature amplitude modulation and frequency modulation with interlaced constellation With a large number of complex fast Fourier transform operations, the correct 'member bias value can be obtained. In view of this, the conventional technology is necessary for improvement. [Disclosed Summary] Frequency offset determination device and frequency offset Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention That is, a 201203964 frequency offset value judging method is provided, which can obtain the correct invention-disclosed frequency discriminating device through a simple step, and is used for determining a frequency offset situation in a receiving end of the communication system. The biasing device includes an arithmetic unit for performing a fourth power operation on the plurality of signal values to generate a plurality of quadratic signal values, and a frequency offset adjusting unit coupled to the computing unit for estimating a frequency offset a value, and adjusting (4) a plurality of quadratic signal values by a bias value to generate a plurality of frequency offset adjustment signal values; and a unit, a frequency offset adjustment unit, for determining a distribution on the plurality of frequency offset constellations And provide the judgment result until the frequency offset adjustment is 7G to adjust the frequency offset value. The medium deviation judgment method 'for a communication system - the receiving end.!!! ° Yun Yi' to generate Wei four The value of the secondary signal; the estimation: partial: = number of squares - the generation of a plurality of two-touch distribution, [Embodiment]: 彡考®3Fig. 3 is a record-reality of the frequency. The judging device 3Q includes a '30 yuan-and-area judging unit view;;"single-to-frequency offset adjustment single-semi-semi-speaking, early nose, early 疋3〇2, first signal, 201203964, Slg-, fourth-order operation, To generate a fourth power signal value % 4ih five ~ Sig-4th-n 'where η is a positive integer, and the signal value Sig_l~Sig frequency offset determining means 3 receives one of the input signals and samples at a sampling frequency Fs (1~η corresponds to the sampling point at different times). The frequency offset adjustment single it 3〇4 re-estimates the frequency offset value F0, and adjusts the four_human signal value Sig-4th with the frequency offset value F〇. 1~Sig-4th_n to generate frequency offset adjustment signal value

Sig—AdjJ~Sig_Adj_n. In an embodiment, the estimation range of the frequency offset value f〇 may be determined according to the sampling_FS. For financial reasons, when the sampling frequency Fs is 9GMHz, F〇 can be estimated as -45ΜΗζ+(90ΜΗζ)1, where m is a predetermined positive integer, which determines the interval between different estimated values; The integer between Q and m can be adjusted with each estimate. Then, the area judging unit 3〇6 can determine whether the frequency offset value yang is estimated to be the unit of the aging period according to the distribution of the frequency offset adjustment signal value % ^ Α φ η on a constellation diagram. The region is judged to be __ig-ridge 1 sig-^ median 2 wei wei (for example, the center of the constellation is the center of the constellation - the outer circle of the circle) is scattered in the peripheral portion Each part of the peripheral part of the peripheral part is still ^ Γ Γ Γ ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 是否 如果 如果 如果 如果 如果 如果 如果 如果And a; then the receiving end. The determining unit 306 determines that the frequency offset value frequency is consistent; otherwise, if the area ° is wrong, the control frequency offset adjusting unit 304 201203964 the fourth power signal value 306 determines whether the frequency offset value FO re-estimates the lag value. F〇 (for example, k is pushed into i) to re-adjust

Sig_4th_l~Sig-4th_η' is again determined by the area judging unit. On the basis of the order, the observation device 3 (the versatile Fourier transform operation) can correctly estimate the frequency offset of the system, and the amplitude of the system will be determined by the 4A_4C diagram. Explain in detail the working principle of the frequency deviation judging device %. For the first time, refer to the figure 4 of the 'Fig. 4' showing the distribution of the signals of the slave graph in the constellation diagram after the fourth power operation without the frequency offset. Comparing the two graphs of the first graph and the second graph, it can be observed that the signal is equal to the signal of the 128 orthogonal oscillating wiper (4), and in the case of no frequency offset, the signal value is subjected to the fourth power operation, and the constellation diagram The most peripheral constellation points in the middle will be converted to only part of the area. More specifically, if the image is not divided into the outer circle of the pre-defined circle into sixteen regions, the constellation points may only It will appear in the two areas. Please continue to refer to the map and the map. The map and the % map are the frequencies FA and FB of the spectrum lines a and B in the 2C diagram. For the signal value with frequency offset (the star is like the 2B riding), it is difficult to get the adjustment signal. The distribution of the values Sig_Adj"~Sig-Adj_n on the constellation diagram. The frequency FA of the spectral line A is the value of the error, and the frequency of the spectral line B is the correct value. In the 4C picture, although the spectrum The absolute values of the lines A and B are similar, but the frequency _ 9 201203964 of the line b is used as the frequency offset _ (that is, when the TM is adjusted, since the frequency of the spectral line B is the correct frequency offset value FO ' In the case of Xinglang, it is best to combine only two of the six regions of the needle. Conversely, in Figure 4B, since the frequency FA of the spectral line is not the correct frequency offset value, the frequency FA is used as the frequency offset. The value of the r 7 integer signal value Sig_AdjJ~sig_Adj_n obtained at the value F0 is at the outermost periphery of the constellation diagram; and the dispersion in the peripheral regions is not concentrated in the two regions as in the 4Cth picture. The signal, if it is subjected to the fourth power operation and the correct frequency offset adjustment so that its frequency offset is corrected to zero (that is, as shown in Fig. 4C), the signal of the combination of the frequency offset and the fine square operation is similar. (As shown in Figure 4A), the constellation points at the outermost periphery of the star map are concentrated only in a few places. For the signal with offset 'If it is subjected to the quadratic operation and the error frequency offset (that is, as shown in Fig. 4), the constellation points at the outermost periphery of the constellation will rotate and spread around the periphery. Each domain 0 has a correlation value judging device 30 between the distribution of the constellation diagram and the frequency offset value, so that the value of the star surface can be determined by the distribution of the star surface. F〇, and then rely on the value f〇 to adjust the four-human algorithm: four, rely on the miscellaneous Sig—4th—iUj彳1, adjust the W value SilAdLl~Sig—Adj_n in the distribution of the constellation is 'distributed,俾It is judged whether the frequency offset value FO is estimated to be correct or wrong. The advantage of the above-mentioned _ is that it is possible to correctly estimate the orthogonal listening machine view with the interlaced constellation without using a large number of fast Fourier transform operations. " ', 201203964, the fifth picture shows the basis of the actual example of the puncturing - the frequency deviation judgment process 50 ' to explain the difference in the frequency deviation of the estimated juice as determined by the line. The following steps can be performed for the frequency offset judgment: $ ° as shown in Fig. 5. The frequency offset judgment flow 50 package step 5〇0: start.

Step 5〇2: Perform a fourth power operation on the signal values SigJ~Sig to generate quadratic signal values Sig_4th_l~Sig_4th_n. Step 504: Estimating the frequency offset value F〇, and adjusting the fourth power signal value 4th-1~Sig-4th_η' by the frequency offset value f〇 to generate the frequency offset adjustment signal value.

Sig—Adj—Ι~Sig—Adj—η. Step 506: Divide the outermost periphery of the constellation map into regions RG_1 RG RG"6, and determine whether the regions RG-1 to RGJ6 have constellation points. If yes, proceed to step 504 to re-estimate the frequency offset value F〇; if not, proceed to step 5〇8. Step 508: Determine whether the number of constellation points included in the region of the constellation point in the region RGJ to RG"6 is greater than a preset value. If yes, proceed to step 510; if no, proceed to step 504 to re-estimate the frequency offset value FO. Step 510: End. It should be noted that in step 506, the outermost periphery of the constellation diagram may be a peripheral area of a preset circle (such as the circle shown in FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C), wherein the preset radius of the preset circle is at the signal value. Sig_l~Sig_n is normalized (for example, the average power can be normalized to 1) and then set to a fixed value that can be obtained by experience or experiment. 201203964 It should be noted that in this particular embodiment, it is first determined that the ship such as 16 _) machinery - _ each of the multiples is a non-zero area) 'If (four) per - face zero _ no greater than - preset The value is determined by judging that the constellation point is the number of 疋 相 相 r , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , It is easy to say that the two-touch condition is consistent with the correction of the star surface as the needle (that is, the reliance on the mountain is correct). In the other embodiments, the secret can be read and changed according to the needs of the secret. Additional different judgment conditions are used to determine whether the constellation points are concentrated or scattered. In addition, it should be noted that this embodiment divides the constellation into 16 having the same circle. The corner regions RG-1 to rg_16 are described. However, in other embodiments, the outermost portion of the constellation can be divided into more or less regions (for example, multiples of 4, 8, 32, etc., 4). The frequency offset value is estimated to be different in accuracy. The remaining details of the frequency deviation judging process 5 are substantially the same as those of the third drawing, and will not be described here for brevity. In step 506 of FIG. 5, the step of dividing the outermost periphery of the constellation into regions RG-16' to determine whether the regions RG-1 to RG_16 have constellation points may include a region determining process 60 for determining constellation points. your region. Figure 6 shows a region decision process 60 in accordance with an embodiment comprising the following steps: Step 600: Start. Step 602: Convert the constellation point of the frequency offset adjustment signal value Sig_Adj_x to the first quadrant of the constellation diagram, and then project it to a unit circle (x=l~η, the whole 12 201203964 number). Step 604: Determine the area in the area RGj~rg_16 according to the coordinate on the unit circle. Step 606: End. For the operation of the area decision process 60, reference may be made to FIG. 7, which is a schematic diagram of the determination of the area of the constellation point of the frequency offset adjustment signal value Sig_Adj_x according to an embodiment. Converting the constellation point of the frequency offset adjustment signal value Sig_Adj_x to the first quadrant of the constellation diagram to obtain the constellation point C, and then projecting the constellation point c onto the unit circle to obtain the constellation point D, and the region where the constellation point D is located and The quadrant of the frequency offset adjustment signal value sig_Adj_x at the beginning of the constellation point can determine the frequency offset adjustment signal value § ig - Adj_x constellation point in the region where the region RG_1 ~ RG_16. One of the advantages of the conversion quadrant is to simplify the calculation process, because regardless of the frequency offset adjustment signal value Sig-A (where the constellation point of the y-χ is originally located in the quadrant of the constellation diagram, similar projections can be implemented after conversion. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a step 604 of judging the region where the constellation points are located in the regions RG-1 to RG_16 according to the coordinates on the unit circle in Fig. 6 according to an embodiment. The coordinates (or y coordinates) are mapped from 〇~〗 to 〇~]^^[is a positive integer greater than 1, 4 is 256). Next, if the x coordinate of the constellation point is between 237 and 256, it can be determined that the constellation point is in the first quadrant region RG 1 after the conversion quadrant; if the coordinate is between 182 and 236, the constellation point can be judged. After the transition quadrant is located in the first quadrant region RG_2 'if the squatting bars 99 to 181, the constellation point can be placed in the quadrant region RG-3 (or the corresponding region of the other quadrant) after riding the quadrant; and if 13 201203964 ^ The constellation point is in the region of the 苐-quadrant after the transition quadrant. i __^tWuSlg_Adj-x star tortoise to determine the secret domain of the silk _ silk limit. It is worth noting that the main quadrant of the present invention is based on the frequency offset value of the Cong 4, and the stagnation of the 峨 赖 四 四 四 四 四 四 四 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再 再^^ =Γ!ΓΓPlease estimate the face, the receiving end (4), this frequency offset should match the frequency of the transmitting end; conversely, when it is judged that the frequency offset value F0 is estimated incorrectly, the frequency offset adjusting unit 3G4 can be controlled to be fine_small and re-performed touch. Therefore, the present invention can correctly estimate the frequency offset of the quadrature amplitude modulation modulation system having the interlaced constellation without using a large number of fast Fourier transform operations. In addition, it should be noted that those skilled in the art can modify or change in the above-described spirit and are not limited to the description of the above embodiments. For example, the present invention is not limited to the (3) quadrature amplitude modulation modulation system applied to the above embodiments, and other such as 32 orthogonal amplitude modulation modulation system, 512 orthogonal amplitude modulation modulation system, etc. The AC amplitude modulation modulation system is applicable. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to a quadrature amplitude modulation modulation system having an interlaced constellation, and other systems that can estimate the frequency offset according to the inventive concept are applicable. In addition, the method for determining the region where the constellation point of the frequency offset adjustment signal value Sig Adj wsig Adj n is located in the region RG_丨~RG_16 is not limited to the conversion method. 14 201203964, as long as the region can be determined - after the quadrant Projection to the unit gj and then judge. The other two can use different methods to estimate and adjust the frequency offset value. For example, if the result of the distribution of the single constellation is correct or ―, to determine whether to re-adjust the frequency offset value F0, and =1. However, it is also possible to make a judgment result based on a plurality of distributions of different frequency-specific mosquitoes, and to re-adjust the amount of change that is not limited to the reflection. (4) Adjustment also

In general, the method for determining the distribution of the frequency offset adjustment signal value sig_AdjJ is not limited to the manner of the above embodiment, and the distribution of the constellation diagram of March 来 is judged to have a frequency offset of the frequency offset of the four blows 4咕 Μ ^ Wan. If the value of the number is different from the value of the error or the error, it is determined whether the frequency offset value F0 is estimated or the frequency offset value is the judgment condition for determining whether the frequency offset value is correct or not, and the estimation method or adjustment method. 'Can be set according to their needs. Suzhuang Si, the frequency offset judging device of the present invention and the frequency offset judging are implemented in different aspects. For example, in one embodiment, = various media may be included to cause the processor (for example, the frequency of the middle of the record to be recorded, the + A heart of the king), as shown in Figure 5. An instruction on the night of the method. The computer readable medium, such as the Bayer library, or any of the common knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art = 15 201203964 It stores media power: the image correction method shown in Figure 5 can also be - computer program . Now, the computer is carrying the computer program product and executing the computer = production. After the age of α is included in the δ, the image correction method can be executed. The data can be stored in the product. In addition, the computer products of the former ^ can also be transmitted over the network. In the conventional technique, for a quadrature amplitude modulation system with interlaced stars, a large number of complex fast Fourier transform operations must be used to obtain the correct frequency. Under her, the above embodiment estimates the frequency offset value F〇 and determines the frequency according to the distribution of the constellation points of the frequency offset adjustment signal value KiUb according to the estimated frequency offset value FO. Whether the bias value is estimated to be correct or wrong ^ The above embodiment does not need to use the A-complex fast Fourier transform, and the frequency offset can be correctly estimated through a relatively simple step. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all the equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. [Simplified Schematic] FIG. 1A is a Schematic diagram of the distribution of the signal-constellation diagram of the known-quadrature phase-shift keying. 16 201203964 Figure 1B shows the signal of the quadrature phase shift keying modulation system in Fig. 1A with frequency offset. Schematic diagram of the distribution of the constellation diagram. The second diagram is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the signal of the conventional-128 orthogonal amplitude modulation modulation system in a constellation diagram. Α The second diagram is the signal of the (3) quadrature amplitude modulation modulation system in the second diagram. When there is a frequency offset, the distribution diagram of a constellation diagram is shown. The 2C diagram is a frequency offset material. It is known that the red-crossing amplitude modulation modulation system φ 'the signal of the system is subjected to the fourth power operation and the fast Fourier transform. Schematic diagram of the distribution in the frequency domain. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the frequency offset judging device according to the embodiment. The fourth graph shows that in the case of no frequency offset, the signal of the second graph is after the fourth power operation. Distribution in the constellation; The first and second FIG 4Β FIG. 4c, respectively depending on the frequency of a 5% paste line drawing is the offset value, the frequency adjustment is # W Mu hearing schematic tassel distributed on the constellation of FIG. 5 a graph of the embodiment according to Example

, the rain to the schematic diagram of the process. Fig. 6 is a view showing a flow of determining a region of a fifth cabinet and a music map according to an embodiment. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the determination of the region of the constellation point of the frequency offset adjustment signal value according to the sixth country> FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a region in which the frequency offset adjustment step is performed according to an embodiment, and is determined according to coordinates on a unit circle. [Main component symbol description] 201203964 30 Frequency offset determination device 302 Operation unit 304 Frequency offset adjustment unit 306 region Judging unit 50 > 60 Flows 500 to 510, 600 to 606 Steps Sig_l to Sig - n Signal value Sig_4t: h_l ~ Sig_4tti - η Quadratic signal value Sig_Adj_l ~ Sig_Adj_n Frequency offset adjustment signal value A, B Spectrum C, D Constellation point RG 1 ~ RG 4 area 18

Claims (1)

201203964 VII. 2. Patent application scope: The judgment device is used for the - receiving end of the communication system, and includes: 'A calculation unit 进行 to perform a quadratic operation on a plurality of signal values to generate a plurality of fourth powers a signal offsetting unit, wherein the frequency shifting unit is configured to estimate a frequency offset value, and adjust the plurality of quadratic signal values by a surface offset value to generate a complex offset signal value; and a domain determination The unit is adapted to the distribution of the plurality of frequency offset adjustment signal values on a constellation diagram, and provides a determination result to the frequency offset adjustment unit to adjust the frequency offset value. The method of determining the device according to Item 1 is to perform at least one of the following operations according to the constellation point of the outer-point of the frequency-adjusted signal value on the constellation diagram: 2 These 1 point are thanked for the partial area of the peripheral part to judge whether the frequency offset value is estimated correctly; and the frequency enchantment ^^ coordinates scattered _ peripheral parts of each part to determine whether the frequency offset value is estimated incorrectly . = The frequency deviation judging device described in the above, wherein if the domain riding unit judges that the plurality of regions other than the preset circle on the two-seat map are not all non-zero regions and the constellation seams in each non-zero region are larger than _ At the preset value, the ship area judgment 19 201203964 unit determines that the frequency offset value is an estimated positive bee. 4. The number of stars in a non-zero region is 3 = the two domains are non-zero regions, or each broken cell judges ^ Γ - the default value, then the § hai region judges 5_ as described in claim 1 When the judging device estimates the frequency offset value, the value is controlled. , wherein the determining unit determines that the frequency offset adjusting unit re-estimates the frequency offset 6· = the frequency offset judging device described in item 2, wherein the constellation points of the oil frequency deviation in the region are converted to; after the quadrant, the sand is on the unit circle, and the constellation points are touched according to the corresponding coordinates. Area. A frequency offset judging device of 7' == wherein the communication system is a frequency offset judging device according to claim 6, wherein the region judging unit judges that the plurality of frequency offset adjustment signal values are located When the number of constellation points in two of the regions outside the preset circle on the constellation map is greater than a preset value, it is judged that the frequency offset value is estimated correctly. 20 201203964 Frequency offset 9 · A frequency offset determination method is used for determining a shift situation in a receiving end of a communication system, comprising: performing a quadratic operation on a plurality of seams, and subtracting a plurality of quadratic signal values; a ten-frequency offset value and adjusting the plurality of quadratic signal values by the frequency offset value to generate a plurality of frequency offset adjustment signal values; and determining a distribution of the interesting frequency offset adjustment signal values on a constellation diagram, and The frequency offset value is adjusted according to the judgment result. 10.=The method of determining the frequency offset according to the item ^, wherein determining the plurality of frequency offset adjustments: 3: the step of distributing the constellation diagram comprises: locating the constellation according to the plurality of frequency offset 1 signal values At least one of the constellation steps of the upper peripheral portion: whether the constellation point is concentrated in a part of the peripheral portion, or whether the frequency offset value is estimated correctly; and the determination of the star_shirt disperses the bribe portion Each frequency offset value is a miscellaneous error. η· frequency offset judging method, wherein judging the plurality of frequency offset adjustments ί ==: the step of the step includes: constellation pre-. If the number of constellation points other than the circle is not all = the number of constellation points is greater than - the preset value, the frequency offset value is judged 21 201203964 !2. The frequency offset judging method described in claim 9 is judged The step of distributing the plurality of frequency offset signal values on the constellation® includes: determining that the plurality of regions other than the preset circle on the constellation are non-zero regions, or each of the constellation points The material is greater than a preset to break the frequency offset value: Estimate § ten errors. The method of determining a frequency offset according to claim 9, wherein the step of determining a distribution of the plurality of frequency offset adjustment values on the constellation includes: if the panning value is determined to be incorrect, the frequency is controlled The offset adjustment unit re-estimates the frequency offset value. 14. The frequency offset determination method according to claim 10, wherein the step of determining a distribution of the plurality of frequency offset adjustment thresholds on the satellites comprises: placing the plurality of offset adjustment signal values in the pre-predetermined Set the constellation point outside the circle, after converting to the first quadrant, project onto the -unit circle 'according to the area where the lining should touch the constellation points. A method for determining a frequency offset according to claim 9, wherein the communication system is a modulation modulation system, and, for example, a frequency offset determination method described in Item 15 A plurality of frequency offset adjustment condition values are assigned to the sub-mineral steps on the job plane. Included: when the _ frequency offset adjustment signal values are located on the constellation map - the preset circle is outside the 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 When the number of constellation points in the area is greater than a preset value, it is judged that the frequency offset value is estimated correctly. 17. A computer readable record _, including a linguistic processor-processor executing the frequency as described in claim 9 Multiple instructions for the partial judgment method. Li Fan VIII, schema: 23