201200237 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 、、本發明係關於-種將製程工廠之流徑加熱或保溫之方 * 中於衷路中^導將該等流徑加熱或保溫之流體 流，該環路含有加熱該流體流之一加熱裝置。本發明係關 2一種在製程工廠中於常見製程操作外之—熱輸人，於該 _見製从作期間，製程流體__般流人至卫礙中並於該處 經過化學及/或物理調理或轉化’此後該製程流體立即離 <製私工廠。在该製程工廠中，更佳可提供一分離、乾 淨的及/或催化轉化該製程流體中所含之組分。 【先前技術】 需使系列製私工薇，更佳含有經觸媒材料填充之反應 器之工廠達—特定最小溫度，然後實施實際上預期的正常 ,作以建立預期操作所需之反應溫度或將水或其他組分自 製程工廠（例如，自反應器之填料或流徑壁）移除。因此， ^可要求其維持特定加熱速度，其中在視製程卫廠組態而 變之加熱製程期間内亦需提供不同加熱速率。 製程工廠之加熱實務上一般係經由直接熱傳遞進行，其 :將經加熱之流體引導通過待加熱之製程工廠之流徑❶通 节，將諸如（例如）氮氣或二氧化碳之惰性氣體或甚至蒸汽 用於熱傳遞。經加熱之流體流過製程工廠導致—壓力損失 及因此導致特定壓力梯度。於已知方法範圍内，其可藉於 儲集器中準it好足量之惰性氣體，同時藉由經加熱之惰性 氣凌自儲集器貫流而進行加熱。在此缺點係必需在相應大 I55385.doc 201200237 儲集it中準備好大量惰性氣體及加熱所需之大量惰性氣體 導致過高操作成本。 另外自實踐已知經由閉合惰性氣體環路加熱製程工廠之 流徑。基於具有最初所述特徵之方法，然後需要一壓縮機 或環路鼓風機來克服製程工廠中所發生之壓力損失，其中 由於製程工廠之正常操作中不使用之此額外機器，製程工 廠之總投資成本將明顯增加。 於此背景下，本發明之目的係基於說明一種將製程工廠 之流徑加熱或保溫之方法，關於操作及投資成本，其相較 於已知方法可使成本降低β 【發明内容】 本發明之主體及目的之解決方案係如專利技術方案1之 方法。根據本發明，將用於補償環路中所發生之壓力損失 之流體流作為吸引介質供應至佈置於該環路中之一喷射 泵，該流體流於此處遇到一以較高壓力與製程流體分開供 應之推進劑介質。與實踐中已知以一般電驅動之環路壓縮 機傳遞整個流體流之完全閉合環路不同，喷射泵〇亦稱為 喷射器）之整合需要明顯較低的投資成本。雖然於本發明 方法之範圍内必需饋入較高壓力之推進劑介質，然而就整 個方法而言，可獲得投資及操作成本相關優勢，因為—般 而言’較低推進劑氣流係足以在環路中獲得高流體流。自 製程工廠之一般組態開始，推進劑介質相對於吸引介質之 質量流量比係介於1 : 20與1 : 8之間，較佳約i : 9。於本 發明方法之範圍内’可在較小壓力容器中準備好該推進劑 I55385.doc 201200237 介質。 除製程工廠之流徑之加熱（即，於操作中斷後啟動初始 冷的製程工廠)外，本發明方法亦可用於使製程工廠保持 於準備操作之狀態（此亦稱為熱機待命），而不使其接受一 待調理之製程流體，同時保持所需操作壓力及操作溫度。 例如，若製程工廠之正常操作僅中斷一短暫時間，則可提 供—熱機待命。對於複數個彼此平行佈置之製程工廠，可 定時使個別工廠處於熱機待命以適應不同負載。 β特定言之，於含有大量組件之複雜工廠之情況中，亦可 提供較長時間之熱機待命，因為尤其憑藉此等工廠，自執 ^寺命恢復正常操作遠比整個工廠之個別組件需自冷狀態 啟動時更快且更容易。 :本發明之方法係提供用於將製程工廠之流徑保溫，則 =解該製程工廉已達到操作溫度。對於此-製程控制， 僅需補償於操作中斷期„#政， 斷期間所發生之熱損失，因為藉由喷射 系可補償在環路中引導 等巟體机期間所發生之壓力損及經由 =«該_流體流可補償熱損失。由於除此以外流裡 實=尚溫度，故本發明之方法可以較低推進劑介質用量 如開始時已Ί全經，士 ^ ,. 本發明方法更佳係提供用於至少一工 催：=發生级成部分之催發轉化之製程工廠，因為由於 應故必須準確地維持於預定溫度範圍内 耘工廠之流徑可含有 .^ 夕—填滿固體之設備。 為貫現製程工廠中产您& a t之加熱或保溫，在本發明範園 I55385.doc 201200237 内，可令壓力及質量流量兩者相較於製程工廠之正常操作 降低：特定程度。然而’為了實現流徑之有效加熱或保 >皿’實際上需將整個環路保持在高於5 bar，較佳高於1〇 二’特佳高於25 bar之壓力。提供用於將流徑加熱或保溫 >•體流之質量流量較佳相當於低於標稱質量流量之 15%’例如，5%與1()%之間，其中為獲得標㈣量流量， 針對正常操作中之完全利用來設計製程工廠。 本發明方法之範圍内所提供之流體流及正常操作中所提 供之製程氣體流兩者一般係以氣體及/或蒸汽形式存在。 =此’可將惰性氣體，較佳氮氣或二氧化碳、含有氣相組 成部分之流體及蒸汽或甚至僅蒸汽饋入至該喷射聚以作為 推進劑介質。 對於以蒸汽方式操作喷射栗，根據—另外較佳改良發展 案係在流體流回流至喷射泵之前，使水冷凝並抽出，其中 自f體流冷凝出之水量相當於以蒸汽形式饋入至喷射系之 曰藉由此製程控制可實現供應與排出水間之平衡。 然而’在不受供應至喷射聚之推進劑介質的類型支配 下’亦可分離出環路中％ g丨道^ Ait /v » 〒所引導之一。P伤量的流體。當考慮 到額外供應之推進劑介質時’特別需將環路中供應至製程 工，之流徑之總流體流保持恒定’’同時所分離出來的部 分量之質量流量則相當於所供應之推進劑介質之質量流 量此夕卜彳將所分離出來的部分量之流體引導通過—用 於熱回收之熱交換器以供應所回收之熱做進一步使用，例 如’用於推進劑介質之預熱。 I55385.doc 201200237 為實現本發明範圍内之流體流之加熱，可將經受加#介 質之熱交換器及/或電操作加熱元件用作加熱裝置。當藉 由一加熱製程保持-預定溫度曲線時，更佳係實現甚至不 ㈣計之複數個加熱元件之佈置’同時更佳係、經由一可輕 ， 胃控制之電加熱裝置’可在整段時間内實現不同幅度之溫 度增加。 若製程工廠包含複數個組件’則可能需要或至少將此等 組件加熱或保溫在不同溫度及熱輸出下。就此目的而言， 根據本發明之一較佳组能，可公室,丨》 罕乂1主、.且心J刀口'丨娘路中所引導之流體流 以藉此使至少兩組件經受不同的流體量。於本發明範圍 内，可針對各組件設定最佳加熱或保溫條件。為可分割流 體流，可沿流動方向及/或喷射泵之回流管路方向來看於 喷射泵後方提供-分流裝置，其含有呈接頭或闊門形式之 調節構件。 【實施方式】 圖1顯示-製程X廠’其中於正常操作中，製程氣體係 經由一供應管線丨供應’於不同組件2a、2b中經受化學及/ 或物理調ίΐ，然1經由一排出管線3離開該製程工廠。將 . ’’且件2a 2b中之至少一者设計成觸媒，其中該觸媒較佳含 • 冑作為觸媒材料之固體填料。然而，可另外或改提供具觸 媒墊之觸媒或其他分離及轉化裝置。 圖2顯示具有待以不同方式加熱及/或保溫之兩組件h 2b之製程工廠之組態。針對此目的，沿流動方向所見在喷 射泵5之後方提供具有其他類似結構之分流裝置，藉其可 155385.doc 201200237 將不同組件中之流體流經由一第一閥門11 a引導至第—組 件2a並經由一第二閥門lib引導至第二組件2b。此外，在 回流管4中提供具其他閥門12a、12b之另一分流裝置。藉 由完全或部份打開及關閉閥門11 a、11 b、1 2a、12b，可對 應需求以各種方式分割兩組件上之流體流。若（例如）間門 11a及12b敞開且閥門lib及12a關閉，則整個流體流係經引 導通過對應於圖1之兩組件2a、2b。然而，若閥門i丨a及 12a敞開且閥門lib及12b關閉，則整個流體流僅經引導通 過第一組件2a。若閥門lib及12b敞開且閥門iia及12a關 閉，則可實現僅通過組件2b之環路。如上文已詮釋般，可 經由個別閥門之敞開程度來設定引導通過第一組件以與第 二組件2b之部分流的可自由調節比。 本發明係關於一種在正常操作外將製程工廠之流徑加熱 或保溫之方法。為此提供一回流管4以引導環路中之流體 流。為補償在環路中所發生之壓力損失，將流體流供應至 佈置於％路中之一喷射泵5，其於此處遇到以較高壓力供 應通過喷射泵5之推進喷嘴6之推進劑介質。將自一壓力容 器7供應之推進劑介質與喷射泵5中之吸弓丨介質混合。為將 製程工廠之流徑加熱或保溫’另提供—加熱裝置8，其於 所示之示㈣實施射係經設計為熱交換器。除此以外， 亦可提供-電加熱元件作為額外或替代加熱裝置。 旦以諸如氮氣或二氧化碳之惰性氣體作為推進劑介質 供應至喷射泵5或供應—含有氣相組成部分及蒸汽之推進 劑介質’則實務上可經由—排出管線9分離出—部份量環 155385.doc 201200237 路中所引導之流體’以致考量到所加之推進劑介質時，整 個流體流保持恒定或至少在一指定範圍内。實務上，所分 離出的部分量係經引導通過一用於熱回收之熱交換器10。 除此以外，可以蒸汽作為推進劑介質供應至水喷射泵5。 藉由此一組態，亦可分離出呈氣體及/或蒸汽狀態之一部 伤量的流體流。然而，亦可改為冷卻流體4，然後再回流 至喷射系5 ’在此期間水自流體流中冷凝出來並被抽出。 於該製程中，自流體流冷凝出之水量可與以蒸汽形式供應 至喷射泵5之水量平衡。於此一製程控制之範圍内，無需 額外分離出氣體或蒸汽。 根據具體示例性實施例，於作為儲集器之壓力容器7中 約60 bar之高壓力下準備好氮氣、二氧化碳或蒸汽並使其 作為推進劑介質供應至喷射泵5中，結果在環路中約2〇 bar 之壓力下所引導之流體流會獲得一壓力增加，其可補償環 路中發生之壓力損失…旦加熱，則需解決相對小的壓力 知失，因為僅需完全利用之正常操作所提供之標稱質量流 量的5%至1〇%之比率。因此，獲得低壓縮比，以致藉由小 喷射劑氣體流，即可在環路中傳輸相當大量之流體流。若 (例如）在35 bar之操作塵力下，正常操作之總壓力損失係3 bar’則預期在僅2〇bar之較健力下加熱期間，僅有約 bar之壓力損失，於喷射泵5處，推進劑介質相對於吸引介 質之比總計為約1:9。 根據一另外具體示例性實施例，提供作為推進劑介質用 :噴射系5之蒸、’又以加熱該製程工廉，其令經由選擇起始 I55385.doc 201200237 壓力及環路量，甚至可在填料中一般1 00°c之相對低溫下 加熱該製程工廠，而無慣例上需防止之填充時所發生之蒸 汽冷凝。為確保此結果，設定低起始壓力並在冷凝出大部 份以蒸汽形式包含於流體流中之水之製程工廠的環路中提 供一末端冷卻器《由於此原因，儘管使用蒸汽作為推進劑 介質’亦可將蒸汽之露點溫度保持於觸媒填料之普遍溫度 以下。 【圖式簡單說明】 於上文中’本發明係以僅表示示例性實施例之圖式詮 釋。其顯示 圖1 :一具有額外設備之製程工廠，藉由此等額外設備 可在正常操作外將流徑加熱或保溫； 圖2 :圖1中所示製程工廠之一另外改良發展案。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 供應管線 2a 組件 2b 組件 3 排出管線 4 回流管 5 噴射泵 6 推進喷嘴 7 壓力容器 8 加熱裝置 9 排出管線 155385.doc 201200237 10 熱交換器 11a 閥門 lib 閥門 12a 閥門 12b 閥門 I55385.doc201200237 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a fluid for heating or holding the flow path of a process factory in a heating/heating manner* A stream containing a heating device that heats the fluid stream. The invention relates to a heat input in a process factory outside the common process operation, during which the process fluid flows to the guard and passes through the chemical and/or Physical conditioning or conversion 'The process fluid is then immediately removed from the private plant. More preferably, in the process plant, a separate, clean, and/or catalytic conversion of the components contained in the process fluid is provided. [Prior Art] It is necessary to make a series of private laborers, preferably a plant containing a catalyst-filled reactor, to a specific minimum temperature, and then perform the actual expected normality to establish the reaction temperature required for the intended operation or Water or other component-made process plants (eg, from the reactor packing or flow path walls) are removed. Therefore, ^ can be required to maintain a specific heating rate, which also requires different heating rates during the heating process depending on the configuration of the process plant. The heating practice of the process plant is generally carried out via direct heat transfer, which directs the heated fluid through the flow path of the process plant to be heated, such as inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide or even steam. In heat transfer. The flow of heated fluid through the process plant results in a pressure loss and thus a specific pressure gradient. Within the scope of known methods, it can be heated by means of a sufficient amount of inert gas in the reservoir while passing through the heated inert gas stream from the reservoir. In this case, it is necessary to prepare a large amount of inert gas and a large amount of inert gas required for heating in the corresponding large I55385.doc 201200237 reservoir it, resulting in excessive operating costs. It is also known from practice to heat the flow path of the process plant via a closed inert gas loop. Based on the method of the initially described features, a compressor or loop blower is then required to overcome the pressure losses occurring in the process plant, where the total investment cost of the process plant is due to the additional machine not used in the normal operation of the process plant Will increase significantly. In this context, the object of the present invention is based on a method for heating or holding a flow path of a process plant, which can reduce the cost compared to the known method with respect to operation and investment cost. [Invention] The present invention The main body and the purpose of the solution are as in the method of Patent Technical Solution 1. According to the present invention, a fluid flow for compensating for pressure loss occurring in a loop is supplied as a suction medium to an injection pump disposed in the loop, where the fluid flow encounters a higher pressure and process A propellant medium that is supplied separately from the fluid. Unlike the practice of a fully closed loop in which a generally electrically driven loop compressor delivers the entire fluid flow, the integration of a jet pump, also known as an injector, requires significantly lower capital costs. Although it is necessary to feed a higher pressure propellant medium within the scope of the method of the present invention, investment and operating cost related advantages are obtained for the entire process because, in general, a lower propellant gas flow is sufficient in the ring. High fluid flow is obtained in the road. Starting from the general configuration of the process plant, the mass flow ratio of the propellant medium to the suction medium is between 1:20 and 1:8, preferably about i:9. The propellant I55385.doc 201200237 medium can be prepared in a smaller pressure vessel within the scope of the method of the invention. In addition to heating of the flow path of the process plant (ie, starting the initial cold process plant after an interruption of operation), the method of the present invention can also be used to maintain the process plant in a ready-to-operate state (this is also referred to as a heat engine standby) without It is allowed to receive a process fluid to be conditioned while maintaining the desired operating pressure and operating temperature. For example, if the normal operation of the process plant is interrupted for only a short period of time, the heat engine can be on standby. For a plurality of process plants arranged in parallel with each other, individual plants can be placed on standby to accommodate different loads. In particular, in the case of a complex factory with a large number of components, it can also provide a long-term heat engine standby, because especially with these factories, the self-supporting temples are restored to normal operations far more than the individual components of the entire plant. The cold state is faster and easier to start. The method of the present invention is provided for insulating the flow path of the process factory, and then the solution process has reached the operating temperature. For this-process control, it is only necessary to compensate for the heat loss that occurs during the operation interruption period, because the injection system can compensate for the pressure loss occurring during the guidance of the body machine in the loop. «The fluid flow can compensate for the heat loss. Since the flow is still lower than the temperature, the method of the present invention can lower the amount of the propellant medium as at the beginning, and the method of the invention is better. Providing a process plant for at least one work: = generation of a staged portion of the process, because it must be accurately maintained within a predetermined temperature range due to the reason that the flow path of the plant may contain . In order to heat or insulate your & at the process plant, the pressure and mass flow can be reduced in comparison to the normal operation of the process plant: a certain degree. 'In order to achieve effective heating of the flow path or to ensure that the vessel 'actually maintains the entire loop at a pressure above 5 bar, preferably above 1 〇 2' is better than 25 bar. Provided for flow Radial heating or insulation >• The mass flow of the body flow is preferably equivalent to less than 15% of the nominal mass flow', for example, between 5% and 1 (%), in order to obtain the target (four) volume flow, for full utilization in normal operation. Designing a process plant. Both the fluid stream provided within the scope of the process of the invention and the process gas stream provided in normal operation are typically in the form of a gas and/or a vapor. This may be an inert gas, preferably nitrogen or Carbon dioxide, a fluid containing vapor phase components and steam or even only steam is fed to the jet to polymerize as a propellant medium. For operating the pumping pump in a steam mode, according to another preferred development, the fluid flow is returned to the jet. Before the pump, the water is condensed and extracted, wherein the amount of water condensed from the f-body flow is equivalent to being fed into the injection system in the form of steam, whereby the balance between the supply and the discharge water can be achieved by the process control. The type of propellant medium supplied to the jet polymer can be separated from the '% g channel in the loop ^ Ait /v » One of the guides. P. The amount of fluid. When considering the extra supply In the case of the medium, it is particularly necessary to supply the loop to the process, and the total fluid flow of the flow path is kept constant. 'At the same time, the mass flow rate of the separated part is equivalent to the mass flow of the propellant medium supplied. The diversion source directs the separated portion of the fluid through the heat exchanger for heat recovery to supply the recovered heat for further use, such as 'preheating for the propellant medium. I55385.doc 201200237 The heating of the fluid stream within the scope of the invention can be used as a heating device for the heat exchanger and/or the electrically operated heating element subjected to the addition of the medium. When maintaining the predetermined temperature profile by a heating process, it is better to achieve or not (d) The arrangement of a plurality of heating elements is also 'better, through a light, stomach-controlled electric heating device' that achieves a different temperature increase over the entire period of time. If the process plant contains multiple components, then it may be necessary or at least to heat or keep these components at different temperatures and heat outputs. For this purpose, according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fluid flow guided by the chamber, and the core of the heart, can be used to thereby at least two components are subjected to different The amount of fluid. Within the scope of the invention, optimum heating or holding conditions can be set for each component. In order to divide the flow of the fluid, a diverting device can be provided behind the jet pump in the direction of flow and/or the direction of the return line of the jet pump, which comprises an adjustment member in the form of a joint or a wide door. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a process X factory 'wherein in normal operation, a process gas system is supplied to a different component 2a, 2b via a supply line to undergo chemical and/or physical adjustment, 1 through a discharge line 3 left the process factory. At least one of the members 2a and 2b is designed as a catalyst, wherein the catalyst preferably comprises a solid filler as a catalyst material. However, a catalyst or other separation and conversion device with a catalyst pad may be additionally or alternatively provided. Figure 2 shows the configuration of a process plant with two components h 2b to be heated and/or insulated in different ways. For this purpose, a flow dividing device having other similar structures is provided behind the jet pump 5 as seen in the direction of flow, by which the fluid flow in the different components can be directed to the first component 2a via a first valve 11 a. And guided to the second component 2b via a second valve lib. Further, another flow dividing device having other valves 12a, 12b is provided in the return pipe 4. By opening or closing the valves 11 a, 11 b, 1 2a, 12b completely or partially, the fluid flow on the two components can be divided in various ways as desired. If, for example, the doors 11a and 12b are open and the valves lib and 12a are closed, the entire fluid flow is directed through the two components 2a, 2b corresponding to Figure 1. However, if valves i丨a and 12a are open and valves lib and 12b are closed, the entire fluid flow is only directed through first assembly 2a. If the valves lib and 12b are open and the valves iia and 12a are closed, a loop through only the assembly 2b can be achieved. As explained above, the freely adjustable ratio of the flow through the first component to the partial flow of the second component 2b can be set via the degree of opening of the individual valves. This invention relates to a method of heating or holding a flow path of a process plant outside of normal operation. A return line 4 is provided for this purpose to direct the flow of fluid in the loop. In order to compensate for the pressure loss occurring in the loop, the fluid flow is supplied to an injection pump 5, which is arranged in one of the % roads, where it encounters a propellant that is supplied at a higher pressure through the propulsion nozzle 6 of the jet pump 5 medium. The propellant medium supplied from a pressure vessel 7 is mixed with the suction media in the jet pump 5. In order to heat or heat the flow path of the process plant, a heating device 8 is provided, which is designed as a heat exchanger as shown in (4). In addition to this, an electric heating element can be provided as an additional or alternative heating device. The inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide is supplied as a propellant medium to the jet pump 5 or the supply - the propellant medium containing the gas phase component and the steam - can be separated by the discharge line 9 - part of the ring 155385 .doc 201200237 The fluid guided in the road' is such that when the propellant medium is applied, the entire fluid flow remains constant or at least within a specified range. In practice, the fractions that are separated are directed through a heat exchanger 10 for heat recovery. In addition to this, steam can be supplied to the water jet pump 5 as a propellant medium. With this configuration, a fluid flow that is one of the gas and/or vapor states can also be separated. However, it is also possible to switch to the cooling fluid 4 and then to the injection line 5' during which water condenses out of the fluid stream and is withdrawn. In this process, the amount of water condensed from the fluid stream can be balanced with the amount of water supplied to the jet pump 5 in the form of steam. Within the scope of this process control, no additional separation of gas or steam is required. According to a specific exemplary embodiment, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or steam is prepared at a high pressure of about 60 bar in the pressure vessel 7 as a reservoir and supplied as a propellant medium to the jet pump 5, with the result being in the loop. The fluid flow guided by a pressure of about 2 〇 bar will increase the pressure, which compensates for the pressure loss occurring in the loop. Once heated, the relatively small pressure loss needs to be solved, because only normal operation is required. The ratio of 5% to 1% of the nominal mass flow provided. Thus, a low compression ratio is achieved so that a relatively large amount of fluid flow can be transmitted in the loop by the small propellant gas stream. If, for example, at a working dust of 35 bar, the total pressure loss for normal operation is 3 bar', it is expected that during heating under a relatively strong force of only 2 〇 bar, there is only a pressure loss of about bar, at jet pump 5 The ratio of propellant medium to suction medium amounts to about 1:9. According to a further specific exemplary embodiment, it is provided as a propellant medium: steaming of the injection system 5, and in turn heating the process, which allows for pressure and loop volume via selection start I55385.doc 201200237, even The process is typically heated at a relatively low temperature of 100 ° C in the packing, without the conventional practice of preventing steam condensation from occurring during filling. To ensure this result, a low initial pressure is set and an end cooler is provided in the loop of the process plant that condenses most of the water contained in the fluid stream in the form of steam. For this reason, despite the use of steam as a propellant The medium 'can also maintain the dew point temperature of the steam below the prevailing temperature of the catalytic filler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the above, the invention is illustrated by the drawings which are merely representative of the exemplary embodiments. It shows Figure 1: A process plant with additional equipment, by which additional flow can be used to heat or heat the flow path outside of normal operation; Figure 2: An additional development of one of the process plants shown in Figure 1. [Main component symbol description] 1 Supply line 2a Assembly 2b Assembly 3 Discharge line 4 Return line 5 Jet pump 6 Propulsion nozzle 7 Pressure vessel 8 Heating device 9 Discharge line 155385.doc 201200237 10 Heat exchanger 11a Valve lib Valve 12a Valve 12b Valve I55385.doc