201145673 六、發明說明： 【發明戶斤屬之技術領域3 本發明有關於在超過200 MHz頻率下操作且具有一固 體材料的一電氣絕緣核心之一介電負載天線，且有關於包 含一介電負載天線的無線電通訊裝置。 【先前技術3 習知在UHF頻率下操作的介電負載天線，特別地諸如 手機 '衛星電話、手持式定位單元及行動定位單元之可攜 式無線電通訊裝置的緊密型天線。本發明適用於這些及其 他領域，諸如WiFi亦即無限區域網路、装置、Mim〇亦即 多輸入/多輸出系統及其他接收與傳輸無線系統。 通常，此一天線包含一具有至少為5的相對介電常數之 圓柱狀陶瓷核心，核心的外部表面支撐為螺旋導電軌跡形 式之一天線元件。在一所謂的“逆火，’天線的情況中，一軸 饋電器被封裝於一洞中，該洞於該核心中在該核心的近端 及运端橫向外部表面之間延伸。饋電器的導體經由核心之 遠端橫向表面部分上的導電表面連接元件而耦合至螺旋式 轨道。此類天線在公開的英國專利申請案案號為 GB2292638、GB2309592、GB2399948、GB2441566、 GB2445478 ’國際申請號為W02006/136809及美國公開申請 號為US2008-0174512A1中揭露，它們均揭露具有—阻抗匹 配網路之一天線，該阻抗匹配網路包括固定至核心的遠端 外部表面部分之一印刷電路層疊板、饋電器於螺旋式元件 之間的耦合的網路形成部分。在每一情況中，饋電器是一 201145673 同軸傳輸線’其外部遮罩導體具有經過層疊板申的導通孔 平行於軸延伸的連接標籤，内部導體經過一各別導通孔類 似地延伸。天線藉由以下步驟組裝：首先將同軸饋電器的 遠端部分插入於層疊板内的導通孔中以形成一統一饋電器 結構，從通道的遠端開始將附接層疊板的饋電器插入於核 心内的通道巾使得饋電器出現在通道的接近端機層曼板田比 鄰核心的遠外部表面部分。接著，一焊鍍墊圈或套圈置於 饋電器的近端部分以在饋電器的外部導體與核心之接近外 部表面部分上的-導體鍍層之間形成_環狀橋。此組裝接 著透過一焦爐而傳送在層疊板的近與遠面上，以及在上述 墊圈或套圈上的焊料’融化以形成連接於⑷饋電器於西配 網路之間，⑻匹配網路與核心之遠外部表面部分上的表面 連接元件之間，⑷饋電器與核心之遠外部表面部分上的導 體層。核心'之饋電器結構的組裝及固定因而是—個三少過 程亦即插人放置塾圈或套圈、及加熱。此發明的〆目 的是提供更易於組裝的一天線。 【明内容】 依據發月之第—層面，本發明提供-種供在超過 200MHz頻率下操作的逆火介電貞載天線，其巾該天線包 含.一固體材料之—電氣絕緣介電核^，其具有大於5的〆 相對介電常數且具有_外部表面，該外部表面包括橫向於 該天線的-軸延伸之相對朝向遠及接近表面部分及在該等 橫向延伸表面部分之間延伸的—側表面部分，該核心外部 表面界疋内〜積’該内部容積的主要部分為該核心的 4 201145673 該固體材料佔據；一三維天線元件結構，其包括至少一對 伸長導電天線元件，配置於該核心的該側表面部分上或相 鄰處且自該遠核心表面部分向該接近核心表面部分延伸； 為一軸向延伸伸長層疊板的形式之一饋電結構，其包含充 當一饋電線的至少一傳輸線段，自該遠核心表面部分延伸 經過該核心中的一通道至該接近核心表面部分，及為該傳 輸線段之一完整形成接近延伸部分的形式之一天線連接 段，該天線連接段在該層疊板的平面上的寬度大於該通道 的寬度，及一阻抗匹配段，其用以將該等天線元件耦合至 該饋電線。使用一軸向延伸伸長層疊板作為饋電結構具有 的優點是，與具有一剛性金屬外導體的一軸向饋電器比 較，相對缺乏剛性。傳輸線段之接近延伸部分的增加寬度 提供各種不同連接元件的額外區域，如將在下文所述。特 別地，如果需要的話，可分配專門的微型連接器組件。較 佳層疊板具有至少第一、第二及第三導電層，該第二層為 在該第一與第三層之間的一中間層。以此方式，可能建構 饋電線使得其具有由該第二層形成的一伸長内導體及分別 由該第一與第三層形成之外遮罩導體，外遮罩導體分別與 在其之上及之下的内導體重疊。該等遮罩導體進而可由沿 平行於其對立側上的該内導體之線設置位置的互連體而互 連，該等互連體較佳地由該第一與第三層之間的數列導電 導通孔形成。這具有封閉内導體的效果，傳輸線藉此具有 一同軸線的特性。 在發明的一些實施例中，軸向延伸層疊板攜載接近延 201145673 伸《ρ刀上的—主動電路元件。因此，諸如—低雜訊放大器 之一 RF前端電路可例如使用耦合至饋電線導體之元件的表 面安裝輪入導體而安裝於層疊板上。可選擇地，當天線用 於傳輸時’該板可攜載一RF功率放大器或當在一收發器中 使用時，可攜載一功率放大器及一開關。亦可能包含進— 步的主動電路元件，諸如一GPS接收器晶片或其他rF接收 器晶片（甚至至具有一低頻率（例如，小於30MHz)或數位輪 出的電路的程度上），或一收發器晶片。特別地在此一實施 例中’層疊板可具有額外導電層。這允許天線連接至主機 設備而無需使用能夠處理無線電射頻信號的一專門連接 器。在此情況中避免了 RF連接強加的尺寸限制。層疊板可 以此方式充當形成一天線總成的一部分、被提供為一完整 單元’例如主動電路元件或如上所述的元件、匹配組件等 等之任何電路元件的單一載體。 然而，在發明的一實施例中，在一第二層疊板上攜栽 阻抗匹配段’其導體耦合至饋電線β在此實施例中，第二 層疊板垂直於軸向延伸層疊板定向且在其内具有一孔以接 收軸向延伸層疊板的—遠端部分。阻抗匹配段較佳地包括 至少一為在其遠端連接於内導體與饋電線的遮罩導體之間 的分流電容器的形式之反應匹配元件。串聯電感可耦合於 饋電線之導體中的—者與至少-伸長天線元件之間。電容 較佳地為一分立表面安骏電容器，而電感被形成為電容器 與每-對伸長天線辑中的〆者之間的一導電軌道。 可能使用較佳天線作為一雙重服務天線。因而，在依 201145673 據發明的一四臂螺旋式天線的情況中，天線通常不僅具有 產生用於圓形極化輻射的一天線輻射圖樣之/四臂共振， 而且具有用於線性極化信號的準單極共振。四臂共振產生 一以天線軸為中心的心形輻射圖樣’及因而適合於傳輪或 接收衛星信號，而準單極共振產生一關於天線軸對稱的環 形輻射圖樣，及因而適合於傳輸及接收陸地線性極化信 號。具有這些特性的一較佳天線具有與GNSS彳§號（例如 1 575MHz，GPS-L1頻率）相關聯之一第一頻帶中的一四臂共 振’及藍牙及WiFi系統所使用2.45GHz ISM(工業科學醫療) 頻帶中的一準單極共振。 长亏置雙重服務操作時，阻抗匹配段可以是一兩極匹 配段，包含一第—導體或饋電線與每一導電天線元件對中 的天線几件之間的兩電感與第一及第二分流電容之串聯 °第一分流電容如上所述來連接，亦即介於饋電線的 第及第—導體之間。第二分流電容連接於，饋電線之第 士導體”其他伸長導電天線元件或多個元件之間的—鍵 及第與第二電感之間的接合之間。 具有特定優it述天線中’使用針對饋電器的一伸長層疊板 體形成決天線的雙重服務操作時，外遮罩導 別地，饋電線=共振_率之導f迴路❹個迴路。特 導體的寬产：，的電氣連接除其他之外取決於遮罩 實質上獨:於若需要的話’準翠極共振頻率可 線適合於-製錄頻率之參數而選擇。的確，天 ，其巾提供具有不同寬㈣遮罩導體 201145673 之伸長層疊板，該過程包括，依據天線的預期用途為每一 天線選擇具有一特定寬度之遮罩導體之一伸長層疊板之步 驟。同一選擇步驟可用來減小因由不同批次陶瓷材料製成 之不同批次天線核心之間相關介電常數的變化而引起之共 振頻率變化。 較佳的是，伸長層疊板在經過天線核心的通道内對稱 放置。因而，在圓形截面的一通道之情況中，較佳的是， 層疊板直徑地定位。這輔助在準單極共振模式中遮罩導體 的對稱表現。應注意的是，經過較佳天線核心的通道未被 電鍍。亦較佳的是，傳輸線段的内導體在遮罩導體之間中 心地定位以避免饋電線中的非對稱現場集中。層疊板與其 上導體區域的側向對稱亦是較佳的（亦即，在層疊板導電層 的平面中對稱）。 依據發明的一第二層面，一種供在超過200MHz頻率下 操作的逆火介電負載天線包含一固體材料之一電氣絕緣介 電核心，其具有大於5的一相對介電常數且具有一外部表 面，該外部表面包括橫向於該天線的一軸延伸之相對朝向 遠及接近表面部分及在該等橫向延伸表面部分之間延伸的 一側表面部分，該核心外表面界定一内部容積，該内部容 積的主要部分為該核心的該固體材料佔據；一三維天線元 件結構，其包括至少一對伸長導電天線元件，配置於該核 心的該侧表面部分上或相鄰處且自該遠核心表面部分朝該 接近核心表面部分延伸；及一軸向延伸層疊板，其封裝於 一通道中，該通道自該遠核心表面部分延伸經過該核心至 201145673 該接近核心表面部分，該層疊板具有第一、第二及第三導 電層，該第二層夾於該第一與第三層之間，且包括充當一 饋電線的一傳輸線段，及將該饋電線耦合至該等天線元件 的一完整遠阻抗匹配段；其中該第二層形成該饋電線的一 伸長内導體且該第一與第三層形成伸長遮罩導體，該等遮 罩導體寬於該内導體且沿它們的伸長邊緣部分互連。較佳 地，該天線包括一陷波器元件，該導電陷波器元件鏈接該 等伸長導電元件中之至少一些伸長導電元件的接近端並耦 合至該核心之該接近表面部分之該區域中的該饋電線。在 準單極共振模式中，電流在一第二導電迴路中流動，該第 二導電迴路由該馈電線之該等導體之間由該等伸長天線元 件中的至少一者、該陷波器元件及饋電線之遮罩導體的外 表面或多個外表面形成。 該單極共振模式是一基礎共振，在此情況中，在比該 四臂共振模式之頻率較高的一共振頻率。 較佳伸長層疊板具有一實質上寬度恒定傳輸線段，亦 即形成為一恒定寬度條紋，及經過該核心的通道具有一圓 形截面，圓形截面直徑至少近似等於條紋寬度使得條紋邊 緣受通道壁支撐或在其縱向直徑相對凹槽中。 依據發明的一第三層面，本發明提供一種無線電通訊 裝置，其包含一天線及連接至該天線的、在200MHz以上的 至少兩無線電頻帶中可操作的無線電通訊電路裝置，其中 該天線包含一固體材料的一電氣絕緣介電核心，其具有大 於5的一相對介電常數且具有一外表面，該外表面包括橫向 201145673201145673 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field of invention] 3 The present invention relates to a dielectric load antenna of an electrical insulation core operating at a frequency exceeding 200 MHz and having a solid material, and relating to the inclusion of a dielectric Radio communication device for the load antenna. [Prior Art 3] A dielectric load antenna operating at a UHF frequency, particularly a compact antenna such as a mobile phone of a mobile phone, a satellite telephone, a handheld positioning unit, and a mobile positioning unit. The present invention is applicable to these and other fields, such as WiFi, i.e., unlimited area networks, devices, Mim, i.e., multiple input/multiple output systems, and other receiving and transmitting wireless systems. Typically, the antenna comprises a cylindrical ceramic core having a relative dielectric constant of at least 5, the outer surface of the core being supported as one of the antenna elements in the form of a spiral conductive track. In the case of a so-called "backfire," antenna, a shaft feed is enclosed in a hole that extends between the proximal end of the core and the lateral outer surface of the load in the core. Coupling to a spiral track via a conductive surface connection element on the distal lateral surface portion of the core. Such an antenna is disclosed in the British Patent Application No. GB2292638, GB 2309992, GB2399948, GB2441566, GB2445478 'International Application No. WO2006/ 136809 and U.S. Published Application No. US2008-0174512A1, each of which discloses an antenna having an impedance matching network including a printed circuit laminate, a feeder fixed to one of the distal outer surface portions of the core The network forming portion of the coupling between the spiral elements. In each case, the feed is a 201145673 coaxial transmission line whose outer mask conductor has a connection tab extending through the laminated plate parallel to the axis, the interior The conductors extend similarly through a respective via. The antenna is assembled by the following steps: first, the coaxial feed The end portion is inserted into the via hole in the laminated plate to form a unified feeder structure, and the channel towel in which the feeder attached to the laminated board is inserted into the core from the distal end of the channel causes the feeder to appear in the approaching end of the channel The layer of manhole is adjacent to the far outer surface portion of the core. Next, a soldering pad or ferrule is placed between the proximal portion of the feeder between the outer conductor of the feeder and the conductor-coated layer on the outer surface portion of the core Forming a ring bridge. The assembly is then transmitted through a coke oven on the near and far sides of the laminate, and the solder on the gasket or ferrule is melted to form a connection to the (4) feed in the west network. Between (8) the matching network and the surface connecting elements on the far outer surface portion of the core, (4) the conductor layer on the far outer surface portion of the feed and the core. The assembly and fixing of the core 'infeed structure is thus The three less processes are inserted into the ring or ferrule, and heated. The purpose of this invention is to provide an antenna that is easier to assemble. [Contents] According to the first month of the month, the hair Provided is a backfire dielectric load antenna for operation at frequencies exceeding 200 MHz, the antenna comprising: a solid material - an electrically insulating dielectric core having a relative dielectric constant greater than 5 and having An outer surface comprising a side surface portion extending transversely to the -axis of the antenna and facing the surface portion and extending between the laterally extending surface portions, the core outer surface boundary 'The main part of the internal volume is the core 4 201145673 occupied by the solid material; a three-dimensional antenna element structure comprising at least one pair of elongated conductive antenna elements disposed on or adjacent to the side surface portion of the core The distal core surface portion extends toward the proximal core surface portion; a feed structure in the form of an axially extending elongated laminate comprising at least one transmission line segment acting as a feed line extending from the distal core surface portion One channel in the core to the portion close to the core surface, and one of the forms of the transmission line segment that completely forms a form close to the extension portion In the junction, the width of the antenna connection segment in the plane of the laminate is greater than the width of the channel, and an impedance matching segment for coupling the antenna elements to the feed line. The use of an axially extending elongated laminate as a feed structure has the advantage of being relatively less rigid than an axial feed having a rigid metallic outer conductor. The increased width of the proximal extension of the transmission line segment provides additional areas for a variety of different connection elements, as will be described below. In particular, specialized miniature connector assemblies can be assigned if desired. The preferred laminate has at least first, second and third electrically conductive layers, the second layer being an intermediate layer between the first and third layers. In this way, it is possible to construct a feeder such that it has an elongated inner conductor formed by the second layer and a shield conductor formed by the first and third layers, respectively, and the outer mask conductors are respectively disposed thereon and The inner conductors underneath overlap. The mask conductors may in turn be interconnected by interconnects positioned along lines parallel to the inner conductors on opposite sides thereof, preferably by the series between the first and third layers Conductive via holes are formed. This has the effect of enclosing the inner conductor, whereby the transmission line has the characteristics of a coaxial line. In some embodiments of the invention, the axially extending laminate carries the "active circuit component" on the "putter". Thus, an RF front end circuit, such as one of the low noise amplifiers, can be mounted to the laminate, for example, using a surface mount wheel-in conductor coupled to the components of the feed conductor. Alternatively, the board can carry an RF power amplifier when the antenna is used for transmission or can carry a power amplifier and a switch when used in a transceiver. It is also possible to include further active circuit components, such as a GPS receiver chip or other rF receiver chip (even to the extent of having a low frequency (eg, less than 30 MHz) or digitally rotated circuit), or a transceiver Wafer. Particularly in this embodiment, the laminate may have an additional conductive layer. This allows the antenna to be connected to the host device without the need to use a specialized connector capable of handling radio frequency signals. In this case, the size limitation imposed by the RF connection is avoided. The laminate can be used in this manner as a single carrier that forms part of an antenna assembly, provided as a complete unit, such as an active circuit component or any of the components described above, a matching component, and the like. However, in an embodiment of the invention, an impedance matching section is carried on a second laminate whose conductor is coupled to the feed line β. In this embodiment, the second laminate is oriented perpendicular to the axially extending laminate and There is a hole therein to receive the distal end portion of the axially extending laminate. The impedance matching section preferably includes at least one reaction matching element in the form of a shunt capacitor connected between the inner conductor and the shroud conductor of the feed line at its distal end. The series inductance can be coupled between the conductors of the feed line and at least the elongated antenna elements. The capacitor is preferably a discrete surface ammon capacitor, and the inductor is formed as a conductive track between the capacitor and each of the pair of elongated antennas. A preferred antenna may be used as a dual service antenna. Thus, in the case of a four-arm helical antenna according to the invention of 201145673, the antenna typically has not only an antenna radiation pattern/four-arm resonance for circularly polarized radiation, but also a linearly polarized signal. Quasi-monopolar resonance. Four-arm resonance produces a heart-shaped radiation pattern centered on the antenna axis' and is thus suitable for transmitting or receiving satellite signals, while quasi-monopole resonance produces a circular radiant pattern about the axis of the antenna and is thus suitable for transmission and reception. Terrestrial linearly polarized signal. A preferred antenna having these characteristics has a four-arm resonance in the first frequency band associated with a GNSS 彳§ number (eg, 1 575 MHz, GPS-L1 frequency) and a 2.45 GHz ISM used in Bluetooth and WiFi systems (industrial Scientific Medical) A quasi-unipolar resonance in the frequency band. In the case of a long-depletion dual service operation, the impedance matching section may be a two-pole matching section, including two inductances and first and second shunts between a first conductor or a feeder and a plurality of antennas in each pair of conductive antenna elements. The series connection of capacitors. The first shunt capacitor is connected as described above, that is, between the first and first conductors of the feed line. The second shunt capacitor is connected to the second conductor of the feeder, the "other elongated conductive antenna element or the - between the plurality of elements and the junction between the second and the second inductance. For the double service operation of the elongated laminated body of the feeder to form the antenna, the outer cover is guided, and the feeder = resonance_rate guide f circuit is a loop. The wide conductor of the special conductor: Other than the mask is essentially unique: if necessary, the 'quasi-cluster resonance frequency can be selected for the parameters of the recording frequency. Indeed, the day, the towel is provided with different width (four) mask conductor 201145673 Extending the laminate, the process comprising the step of selecting one of the mask conductors having a particular width for each antenna, depending on the intended use of the antenna. The same selection step can be used to reduce the number of ceramic materials made from different batches. Resonant frequency changes caused by changes in the relative dielectric constant between different batches of antenna cores. Preferably, the elongated laminates are placed symmetrically within the channel through the antenna core. Thus, in the case of a channel of circular cross-section, it is preferred that the laminate is positioned diametrically. This assists in symmetrical representation of the shield conductor in the quasi-monopole resonance mode. It should be noted that the preferred antenna core The channels are not plated. It is also preferred that the inner conductors of the transmission line segments are centrally positioned between the mask conductors to avoid asymmetric field concentration in the feed lines. The lateral symmetry of the laminates with their upper conductor regions is also Preferably (ie, symmetric in the plane of the conductive layer of the laminate). According to a second aspect of the invention, a backfire dielectric load antenna for operation at frequencies exceeding 200 MHz comprises an electrically insulating dielectric of a solid material a core having a relative dielectric constant greater than 5 and having an outer surface, the outer surface including a relatively distal and proximal surface portion extending transversely to an axis of the antenna and extending between the laterally extending surface portions a side surface portion, the core outer surface defining an interior volume, the major portion of the interior volume being occupied by the solid material of the core; a three-dimensional antenna element a structure comprising at least one pair of elongated conductive antenna elements disposed on or adjacent to the side surface portion of the core and extending from the distal core surface portion toward the proximal core surface portion; and an axially extending laminate Encapsulated in a channel extending from the far core surface portion through the core to 201145673, the near core surface portion, the laminate having first, second and third conductive layers, the second layer being sandwiched by the first Between the third layer and including a transmission line segment serving as a feed line, and coupling the feed line to a complete distal impedance matching section of the antenna elements; wherein the second layer forms an extension of the feed line And the first and third layers form elongated mask conductors that are wider than the inner conductor and are interconnected along their extended edge portions. Preferably, the antenna includes a trap element that conducts A trap element links the proximal end of at least some of the elongated conductive elements and is coupled to the feed line in the region of the near surface portion of the core. In a quasi-monopolar resonance mode, current flows in a second electrically conductive loop, the second electrically conductive loop being comprised of at least one of the elongate antenna elements between the conductors of the feed line, the trap component And an outer surface or a plurality of outer surfaces of the mask conductor of the feed line. The unipolar resonance mode is a fundamental resonance, in which case a resonance frequency is higher than the frequency of the four-arm resonance mode. Preferably, the elongated laminate has a substantially constant width transmission line segment, that is, formed as a constant width stripe, and the passage through the core has a circular cross section having a circular cross section diameter at least approximately equal to the stripe width such that the stripe edge is affected by the passage wall Support or in its longitudinal diameter relative to the groove. According to a third aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a radio communication device comprising an antenna and a radio communication circuit device operatively connected to the antenna in at least two radio frequency bands above 200 MHz, wherein the antenna comprises a solid An electrically insulating dielectric core of material having a relative dielectric constant greater than 5 and having an outer surface comprising a lateral direction 201145673
該饋電器結構的一接地連接， 心之該外表面上或鄰近處，多個 電陷波器元件之該串聯組合，該 梭心接近表面部分的該區域中之 接’該天線元件耦合至該核心遠 表面部分的該區域中之該饋電器結構的—饋電連接，其中 該無線電軌電路裝置具有分财—第_及—第二無線頻 帶中可操作的兩部分，及每_部分與用以傳送於該天線饋 電器結構的一共用信號線與該各別電路裝置部分之間流動 之信號的各別信號線相關聯，其中該天線在該第一頻帶中 之一第一、圓形極化共振模式中及在該第二頻帶中之一第 二、線性極化共振模式中共振，該第二頻帶位於該第一頻 帶以上’該第一與第二共振模式為基礎共振模式。該無線 電通訊電路遮罩可在進一步的圓形極化及線性極化天線共 振模式中操作。 第一及第二頻帶具有各別中心頻率，第二頻帶的中心 頻率較佳地高於第一中心頻率但低於第一中心頻率的兩 依據發明的一第四層面，本發明提供一種供在超過 2〇OMHz鮮下操作的逆火介電貞載天線，其包含：_固體 材料之一電氣絕緣介電核心，其具有大於5的一相對介電常 數且具有一外部表面，該外部表面包括橫向於該天線的一 201145673 轴延伸之相對朝向遠及接近表面部分及在該等橫向延伸表 面部分之間延伸的一側表面部分，該核心外部表面界定一 内部容積，該内部容積的主要部分為該核心的該固體材料 佔據；一三維天線元件結構，其包括至少一對伸長導電天 線元件，配置於該核心的該側表面部分上或相鄰處且自該 遠核心表面部分朝該接近核心表面部分延伸；一軸向延伸 層疊板，其封裝於一通道中，該通道自該遠核心表面部分 延伸至該接近核心表面部分，該層疊板具有至少一第一層 且包括充當一饋電線的一傳輸線段，及用以將該饋電線耦 合至該等天線元件的饋電連接元件，該傳輸線段包括至少 第一及第二饋電線導體；其中該層疊板進一步包含該傳輸 線段的一接近延伸部分，該接近延伸部分在一面上攜載麵 接至該等饋電線導體的一主動電路元件，該接近延伸部分 的另一面具有電氣連接至該等饋電線導體中的一者之一接 地平面。 依據依據發明的一第五層面，一種供在超過500MHz 頻率下操作的逆火介電負載天線包含：一固體材料之一電 氣絕緣介電核心，其具有大於5的一相對介電常數且具有一 外部表面，該外部表面包括橫向於該天線的一軸延伸之相 對朝向遠及接近表面部分及在該等橫向延伸表面部分之間 延伸的一側表面部分，該核心外部表面界定一内部容積， 該内部容積的主要部分為該核心的該固體材料佔據；一三 維天線元件結構，其包括至少一對伸長導電天線元件，配 置於該核心的該側表面部分上或相鄰處且自該遠核心表面 11 201145673 部分朝該接近核心表面部分延伸；為一軸向延伸伸長層疊 板的形式之一饋電結構，其包含充當一饋電線的至少一傳 輸線段，自該遠核心表面部分延伸經過該核心中的一通道 至該接近核心表面部分；及位於天線核心接近處的多個彈 簧觸體，當形成為一設備層疊電路板的一導電層或多層之 接觸區域在一預選定位置鄰近天線定位時，它們電氣連接 至饋電線且被建構及配置成彈性地頂住形成為一設備層疊 電路板的一導電層或多層之接觸區域。彈簣觸體較佳地為 形狀設計成響應於朝向天線軸的壓力而彈性變形之金屬葉 彈簣。當天線與板平面垂直於天線軸之一設備電路板並置 時可出現此一彈性變形。在較佳天線之核心的接近表面部 分上的基座電鍍例如藉由焊接而為彈簧觸體提供一金屬固 定基座。 可選擇地，金屬葉彈簧觸體可形狀設計成響應於橫向 於天線軸的壓力而變形，例如當天線與板平面平行於天線 軸之一設備電路板並置時。 彈簧觸體在被焊接至伸長層疊板上的基座導體時連接 至饋電線導體。較佳的是，在層疊板接近延伸部分的一表 面上有三個並排的此種彈簧觸體，中間觸體連接至饋電線 的内導體，及第一與第三觸體連接至饋電線的遮罩導體。 每一彈簧觸體較佳地為一折叠金屬彈簣元件的形式， 其形狀設計成具有用以固定至層疊板上的一導電基座之固 定腳，及用以嚙合天線所連接之一設備電路板上的接觸區 域之一接觸腳。彈簧元件材料的彈性允許藉由響應於施加 12 201145673 力來迫使接觸腳朝向固定腳，元件之兩腳的相對接近運動 而引起的彈性變形。 發明亦提供包含一設備電路板的一無線電通訊單元， 如上所述的一天線，及該電路板與天線的一封裝。該單元 被配置使得，當天線及電路板被安裝於封裝中時，彈箬觸 體彈性地頂住形成為設備電路板的-導電層或多個導電層 =接觸區域以將天、線連接至設備電路板。封裝較佳地為兩 部分及具有天線的—容積，該容積形狀設計錢天線至少 軸向定向。 依據發明的另-層面，本發明提供一種組裝上述無線 電通訊單元的方法，其中職置進—步包含針對天線及設 備電路板的—兩部分封裝，該縣具有雜設計成接收天 ，及將其Μ於電路㈣—定位置之容積，在該預選 疋位置中’彈簧觸體與設備電路板上的各別接觸區域配準 頂住各恥觸區域，其巾該方法包含以下步驟：將電路 於封裝巾，將天線置於容積巾，及於一組裝條件中 起提供封裝的兩部分，-起提供兩部分之動作迫使彈簧 觸體頂住《備電路板上的各難觸區域，藉此壓縮性地使 彈簧觸體變形。較佳的是，封裝的此兩部分在吸附一起。 依據發明的又一居而 . 增曲，無線電通訊設備包含ya)一供 m的頻率下操作的逆火介電負載天線，該天線 包二:固體材料的-電氣絕緣介電核心，其具有大於5的 數且具有—外表面，該外表面包括橫向於該 ❹料㈣及接近表面部分及在該遠及 13 201145673 接近表面部分之間延伸之一側表面部分，該核心外表面界 定一内部容積，該内部容積的主要部分為該核心的該固體 材料佔據；一三維天線元件結構，其包括至少一對伸長導 電天線元件，配置於該核心的該側表面部分上或相鄰處且 自該遠核心表面部分朝該接近核心表面部分延伸；及為一 軸向延伸伸長層疊板的形式之一饋電結構，其包含充當一 饋電線的至少一傳輸線段，自該遠核心表面部分延伸經過 該核心中的一通道至該接近核心表面部分，該天線具有在 該核心接近表面部分上或鄰近處的暴露接觸區域；及(b)無 線電通訊電路裝置，其有具有至少一導電層的一設備層疊 電路板，該導電層或多個導電層具有多個接觸終端支撐區 域，一各別彈簧觸體導電地連接至多個接觸終端支撐區域 中的一者，各別彈簧觸點被定位以便彈性頂住天線之暴露 接觸區域的各別一者。在一實施例中，天線的暴露接觸區 域并行於設備層疊電路板的平面，每一彈簧觸體被形狀設 計成垂直作用於設備板平面而施加一嚙合力。在另一實施 例中，彈簀觸體可被形狀設計成，響應於一般朝天線軸向 的壓力而彈性變形，不論天線是塔樓安裝或邊緣安裝或相 對於設備電路板邊緣。 用以使用彈簧觸體將天線連接至設備電路板的一選擇 是提供具有一導電層的之天線核心的接近端表面部分，該 導電層被圖樣化使得提供一隔離導電陸地，亦即與形成陷 波器或貝愣電路的一部分之接近導電層的剩餘部分絕緣。 此陸地及導電層的剩餘部分可被分別使用，作為附接各別 14 201145673 折叠彈性觸體的一到點基座或作為形成嚙合設備電路板上 的彈簧觸體之接觸區域之導電板的基座。在彈簧觸體被固 疋至天線的接近導電層時，此類觸體可額外提供至伸長層 且板上的接觸區域，特別是至傳輸線段之接近延伸部分的 對立面上的接觸區域之—彈性非焊接連接。在天線的塔樓 安裝或彈簧觸體施加天線軸向發揮作用之一接觸支撐力的 ，、他連接組讀況中，這避免了需要層疊板與設備電路板 之間的焊接連接。 * ° ㈣n安裝於天線上的情況巾，較佳地有三彈 簧觸體並排安裝於設備電路板上以喃合天線伸長層疊板之 接近延伸部分的一面上的三相對應隔開接觸區域。 依據另-層面，-種供在超過2〇〇贿 =載天線，其包含··一_料之1 = 广，、具有大於5的-相對介㈣數且具有— 该外部表面包括橫向於該天線的_㈣伸， 接近表面部分及在料橫向延伸表面部分口對朝向遠及 表面部分，該核心卜部表面界定—内部容積^伸的-側 的主要部分為該核心的該固體材料佔據；—：内DP合積 結構’其包括至少—對伸長導電天線元件；件 的该側表面部分上或相鄰處且自該遠核…^ 近核心表面部分延伸；包含第一及第二饋電導體^^°亥接 結構，自該遠核心表面部分延伸經過該核 -饋電 該接近核心表面部分；其中該接近核心表面部至 點塗層，其圖樣化來形成至少兩彼此電氣分ς導2 15 201145673 域，及其中該天線進一步包含介電連接，該等介電連接在 通道的接近段’介於每—饋電導體與接近核心表面部分上 =導電11域中的各別—者’配置藉此提供接近核心表面部 的至夕對平面接觸表面以安裝一主機設備電路板上 的天線，其中天線軸垂直於設備板。 依據一進一步方法層面，發明提供一種組裝前面請求a ground connection of the feed structure, on or adjacent to the outer surface of the core, the series combination of a plurality of electrical trap elements, the bobbin being in proximity to the region of the surface portion coupled to the antenna element a feed connection of the feeder structure in the region of the far-surface portion of the core, wherein the radio-track circuit device has two parts operable in the second and second wireless frequency bands, and each of the _ portions Associated with a respective signal line of a signal flowing between the common signal line of the antenna feed structure and the respective circuit device portion, wherein the antenna is in the first frequency band of the first, circular pole In the resonant mode, and in a second, linear polarization resonance mode of the second frequency band, the second frequency band is located above the first frequency band. The first and second resonance modes are fundamental resonance modes. The radio communication circuit mask can operate in a further circularly polarized and linearly polarized antenna resonant mode. The first and second frequency bands have respective center frequencies, and the center frequency of the second frequency band is preferably higher than the first center frequency but lower than the first center frequency. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a A backfire dielectric load-carrying antenna operating over 2 〇OMHz, comprising: an electrically insulating dielectric core of solid material having a relative dielectric constant greater than 5 and having an outer surface, the outer surface comprising Transverse to a 201145673 axis of the antenna extending relatively far away from the surface portion and a side surface portion extending between the laterally extending surface portions, the core outer surface defining an interior volume, the major portion of the interior volume being The solid material of the core occupies; a three-dimensional antenna element structure comprising at least one pair of elongated conductive antenna elements disposed on or adjacent to the side surface portion of the core and from the far core surface portion toward the near core surface Partially extending; an axially extending laminate encased in a channel extending from the distal core surface portion to the proximal core a laminate portion having at least a first layer and including a transmission line segment serving as a feed line, and a feed connection member for coupling the feed line to the antenna elements, the transmission line segment including at least a first a second feeder conductor; wherein the laminate further comprises an approximate extension of the transmission line segment, the proximity extension carrying an active circuit component on one side of the feeder conductor, the proximity extension One side has a ground plane electrically connected to one of the feeder conductors. According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a backfire dielectric load antenna for operation at frequencies exceeding 500 MHz comprises: an electrically insulating dielectric core of a solid material having a relative dielectric constant greater than 5 and having a An outer surface comprising a side surface portion extending transversely to an axis of the antenna and facing away from the surface portion and extending between the laterally extending surface portions, the core outer surface defining an interior volume, the interior The main portion of the volume is occupied by the solid material of the core; a three-dimensional antenna element structure comprising at least one pair of elongated conductive antenna elements disposed on or adjacent to the side surface portion of the core and from the far core surface 11 The 201145673 portion extends toward the portion near the core surface; is a feed structure in the form of an axially extending elongated laminate comprising at least one transmission line segment acting as a feed line extending from the distal core surface portion through the core a channel to the portion close to the core surface; and a plurality of spring contacts located proximate to the antenna core When a conductive layer or layers of contact regions formed as a device laminate circuit board are positioned adjacent to the antenna at a preselected location, they are electrically connected to the feed line and are constructed and configured to resiliently resist formation as a device laminate circuit board a conductive layer or a plurality of contact regions. The magazine contact is preferably a metal leaf magazine that is shaped to elastically deform in response to pressure toward the antenna shaft. This elastic deformation can occur when the antenna is juxtaposed with the board plane perpendicular to one of the antenna axes of the device board. The pedestal plating on the near surface portion of the core of the preferred antenna provides a metal-bonded pedestal for the spring contacts, for example by soldering. Alternatively, the metal leaf spring contact can be shaped to deform in response to pressure transverse to the antenna shaft, such as when the antenna is parallel to the board plane parallel to one of the antenna shafts of the device board. The spring contacts are connected to the feeder conductors when soldered to the base conductor on the elongated laminate. Preferably, there are three side-by-side such spring contacts on a surface of the laminate adjacent the extended portion, the intermediate contacts are connected to the inner conductor of the feed line, and the first and third contacts are connected to the cover of the feed line. Cover conductor. Each spring contact is preferably in the form of a folded metal magazine element shaped to have a fixed leg for attachment to a conductive base on the laminate and a device circuit for engaging the antenna One of the contact areas on the board contacts the foot. The resilience of the spring element material allows for elastic deformation caused by the relative proximity movement of the two legs of the element by forcing the contact foot toward the fixed foot in response to the application of 12 201145673 force. The invention also provides a radio communication unit comprising a device circuit board, an antenna as described above, and a package of the circuit board and the antenna. The unit is configured such that when the antenna and the circuit board are mounted in the package, the magazine contact elastically resists a conductive layer or a plurality of conductive layers = contact areas formed as a circuit board of the device to connect the sky and the wire to Device board. The package is preferably two parts and has a volume of the antenna that is designed to be at least axially oriented. According to another aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a method of assembling the above-described radio communication unit, wherein the job includes a two-part package for the antenna and the device circuit board, the county has a miscellaneous design to receive the day, and In the circuit (4) - the volume of the fixed position, in the preselected 疋 position, the 'spring contact body and the respective contact area on the device circuit board are registered to withstand the respective shame contact areas, and the method comprises the following steps: Encapsulating the towel, placing the antenna in the volumetric towel, and providing the two parts of the package in an assembly condition, and providing the two parts to force the spring contact body against the hard-to-touch areas on the standby circuit board, thereby compressing The spring contact is deformed sexually. Preferably, the two portions of the package are adsorbed together. According to another aspect of the invention, the radio communication device comprises ya) a backfire dielectric load antenna operating at a frequency of m, the antenna package 2: a solid material-electrically insulating dielectric core having a greater than a number of 5 having an outer surface comprising a side surface portion extending transversely to the material (4) and the approaching surface portion and extending between the surface portion and the surface portion of the surface of the surface of the wall, the core outer surface defining an interior volume The main portion of the internal volume is occupied by the solid material of the core; a three-dimensional antenna element structure including at least one pair of elongated conductive antenna elements disposed on or adjacent to the side surface portion of the core and from the far side a core surface portion extending toward the portion near the core surface; and a feed structure in the form of an axially extending elongated laminate comprising at least one transmission line segment acting as a feed line extending from the distal core surface portion through the core a channel to the portion of the core surface that has an exposed contact area on or near the surface portion of the core; and b) a radio communication circuit device having a device laminate circuit board having at least one conductive layer, the conductive layer or plurality of conductive layers having a plurality of contact terminal support regions, a respective spring contact body being electrically connected to the plurality of contact terminals In one of the support regions, the respective spring contacts are positioned to resiliently resist each of the exposed contact areas of the antenna. In one embodiment, the exposed contact areas of the antenna are parallel to the plane of the device laminate board, and each spring contact is shaped to apply a meshing force perpendicular to the plane of the device board. In another embodiment, the magazine contact can be shaped to resiliently deform in response to pressure generally toward the axial direction of the antenna, whether the antenna is tower mounted or edge mounted or relative to the edge of the device board. An option for connecting the antenna to the device board using the spring contacts is to provide a near end surface portion of the antenna core having a conductive layer that is patterned to provide an isolated conductive land, i.e., A portion of the wave or beryllium circuit is insulated from the remainder of the conductive layer. The remainder of the land and conductive layer can be used separately as a base to a point-to-point base to which the respective 14 201145673 folded elastic contact is attached or as a conductive plate forming a contact area of a spring contact on the circuit board of the engagement device. seat. When the spring contacts are fixed to the proximity conductive layer of the antenna, such contacts may additionally be provided to the elongate layer and the contact areas on the board, particularly to the contact areas on the opposite sides of the transmission line segments that are close to the extension - elasticity Non-welded connection. In the tower installation of the antenna or the application of the spring contact body to the antenna, one of the contact forces is in contact with the group, which avoids the need for a soldered connection between the laminate and the device board. * (4) n Cases mounted on the antenna, preferably three spring contacts are mounted side by side on the equipment circuit board to mate the three-phase corresponding spaced contact areas on the side of the antenna-extended laminate adjacent the extended portion. According to another level, the species is provided in more than 2 bribes = an antenna, which contains 1 = wide, has a relative (four) number greater than 5 and has - the outer surface includes transverse to the The _(four) extension of the antenna, the approaching surface portion and the portion of the laterally extending surface portion of the material are directed toward the distal portion and the surface portion, and the core portion defines the main portion of the inner volume-side portion occupied by the solid material of the core; : an inner DP converging structure 'which includes at least - pair of elongated conductive antenna elements; on or adjacent to the side surface portion of the member and extending from the distal core ... near the core surface portion; including first and second feed conductors a ^^° splicing structure extending from the far core surface portion through the core-feeding portion to the core surface portion; wherein the approaching core surface portion to the dot coating layer is patterned to form at least two electrical junctions 2 15 201145673 domain, and wherein the antenna further comprises a dielectric connection in the proximity section of the channel 'between the per-feed conductor and the near core surface portion = the individual in the conductive 11 domain' configuration Take this Close to the surface of the core portion of the evening plane contact surfaces mounted antenna circuit board of a host, wherein the device plate perpendicular to the antenna axis. According to a further method aspect, the invention provides an assembly request
項中66 /工 -XZ 任—項所述之無線電通訊裝置的方法，該裝置進一 ν ^ έ 個針對天線及設備電路板的兩部分封裝，封裝具 谷積5亥谷積形狀設計成接收天線且將其定位於電路 板的—預選定位置巾’找預敎位置巾彈f«與天線 _’ !接觸區域配置且頂住各別接觸區域，其中該方法包 合將電路板固定於封裝中，將天線置於容積中，及於一組 白条件中—起提供封裝的兩部分，一起提供兩部分之動作 、使彈簧_頂住天線上的各別接職域，藉此壓縮性地 使彈簧觸體變形。 圖式簡單說明 第1A及1B圖分別是—第一天線之透視組裝及拆解視 第1C及iD圖分別是針對第丨八及⑺圖的天線之單極與 虽匹配網路之電路圖； 第2圖尺包括第丨八及❿圖的天線之一無線通訊單元的 科的1視圖； 第3八至3F圖是第2圓無線通訊單 元的圖解透視圖，繪示 一系列組骏步驟； 201145673 第4A及4B圖分別是一第二天線之透視組裝及拆解視 圖； 第5A及5B圖分別是一第一天線組裝之透視組裝及拆 解視圖； 第6A及6B圖分別是一第二天線組裝之透視組裝及拆 解視圖； 第7A及7B圖分別是一第三天線之透視組裝及拆解視 圖， 第8A及8B圖分別是一第四天線之透視組裝及拆解視 圖； 第9A至9F圖是一第五天線及其部分的各種不同視圖； 第10A及10B圖分別是一第六天線之透視組裝及拆解 視圖； 第11圖是包括第六天線之一無線電通訊單元的部分的 一透視圖； 第12圖是包括第六天線之一可選擇無線電通訊單元的 一透視圖； 第13A及13B圖分別是一第七天線之透視組裝及拆解 視圖。 C實施方式3 參考第1A及1B圖，依據發明的一第一層面之一天線具 有一天線元件結構，該天線元件結構具有在一圓柱狀陶器 核心12的圓柱外表面上電鐘或金屬化的四軸向共延螺旋式 軌道10A、10B、10C、10D。核心之陶器材料的相對介電常 17 201145673 數通常大於2G。具有相對介電常數⑼之—基於鋇彭欽酸的 材料特別適合。 核、12具有為一洞12b的形式之一軸通道，洞12β自一 遠端表面部分12D經過核心延伸至一接近端表面部分12Ρβ 此兩表面部分為橫向且垂直於核心的軸中心13延伸之平 面。它們相對朝向，一表面部分遠朝向及另一者接近朝向。 洞12Β内封裝的是為一伸長層4板14的形式之一饋電器結 構，伸長層疊板14具有一傳輸線段14Α、一匹配網路連接段 14Β及一天線連接段14C，天線連接段14C為傳輸線段之分 別為整體形成的遠及接近延伸部分的形式。 層疊板14具有三導電層，三導電層中僅有一導電層在 第1B圖中出現。此第一導電層在板14U的一上表面上暴露 出來。一第三導電層類似地在層疊板14L的一下表面上暴露 出來，及一第二、中間導電層植入於層疊板14的絕緣材料 中，介於第一與第三導電層之間。在層疊板14的傳輸線段 14A中，第二、中間導電層為一窄伸長軌道的形式，沿傳輪 線段14A中心地延伸以形成一内饋送導體（圖未繪示）。上覆 及下覆内導體的是分別由第一與第三導電層形成之較寬伸 長導體軌道。這些較寬軌道構成遮罩内導體的上與下遮罩 導體 16U、16L。 遮罩導體16U、16L透過電鍍導通孔17互連，導通孔17 沿平行於内導體前行的線在其相對側上設置位置。導通孔 與内導體的縱向邊緣隔開以便透過層疊板14的絕緣材料與 内導體的縱向邊緣隔開。將理解的是，由傳輸線段14A中的 18 201145673 三導電層形成之伸長軌道的組合與互連導通孔17形成具有 一内導體及一外遮罩體的一同軸饋電線，該外遮罩體由上 與下導電轨道16U、16L及導通孔Π構成。通常，此同轴饋 送線的特性阻抗為50 ohm。 在層疊板14的遠延伸部分14B ’内導體（圖未繪示）透過 一内導體遠導通孔18V而被耦合至一暴露上導體18U。類似 地’在遠延伸部分14B的下表面上有一暴露連接導體18L(在 第1B圖中未繪示），該導體是下遮罩導體16L的一延伸部分。 在層疊板14的接近延伸部分14C，内導體（圖未繪示）連 接至層疊板14之上表面14U的一暴露中心接觸區域18W，此 接觸區域18W透過一接近導通孔18X而連接至内導體。在同 一上層疊板層14U上有兩外部暴露接觸區域16V、16w，它 們排列於中心接觸區域18W的對立側。總之，這三並排接 觸區域構成用以將組裝天線連接至例如將在後文中描述之 一設備母板上的彈簧觸體之一組觸體。 將指出的是，層疊板14的天線連接段14c形狀為長方 形，長方形的寬度大於並排傳輸線段14A的寬度使得，在組 裝期間層疊板14自接近端被插入於天線丨的核心12中時，天 線連接段14C毗鄰天線核心12的接近端表面部分12P使得天 線連接段為接近地暴露。 層疊板14的長度為使得，在天線連接段毗鄰接近端表 面部分12P時，匹配網路連接段14B其遠端伸出洞12B一短 距離。傳輸線段的寬度一般對應於洞12B的直徑（洞的截面 為圓形）使得外遮罩導體16U、16L與核心12的陶瓷材料隔 201145673 開。（注意的是’洞12B未受電鍍。）因此，透過核心12的陶 瓷材料，遮罩導體16U、16L有最小的介電負載。在此實施 例中’層疊板之絕緣材料的相對介電常數為約4.5。 層疊板14的角位置係透過洞12B中的縱向凹槽輔助，如 在第1B圖中所示。 電鍍於核心的接近端表面部分12P上的是形成為輻射 狀轨道10AR、10BR、l〇CR、10DR的表面連接元件。每一 表面連接元件自各別螺旋軌道10A-10D的一遠端延伸至相 鄰洞12B的端之一位置。將看到的是，輻射狀軌道 10AR-10DR透過弧形導電鏈結互連使得四螺旋軌道 10A-10D在它們的遠端成對互連。 天線元件10A-10D的接近端連接至一共用虛擬接地導 體，該共用虛擬接地導體為環繞核心12的一接近端部分之 一電鍍套筒20的形式。此套筒20延伸至核心之接近端表面 部分12P的一導電塗層（圖未繪示）。 上覆核心12的遠端表面部分12D的是一第二層疊板 30 ’其為相對於軸13中心設置位置之一近似方磚的形式。 第二層疊板30的橫向内容為使得其上覆輻射狀軌道 10AR、10BR、10CR、10DR的内端及它們各自的弧形互連 體。第二層疊板30在其下側亦即朝向核心的遠端表面部分 12D的面上具有一單一導電層。此導電層提供饋送連接及天 線元件連接，它們用以經由核心表面部分12D上的導電表面 連接元件10AR-10DR而將傳輸線段14A的導電層16U、 16L、18耦合至天線元件10A-10D。層疊板導電層結合其下 20 201145673 側的一表面安裝電容器（圖未繪示）亦構成一阻抗匹配網 路，用以使天線元件結構所表現的阻抗匹配於傳輸線段14A 的特性阻抗(50 ohm)。 阻抗匹配網路的電路圖在第1C圖中繪示。如在第1C圖 中所示，阻抗匹配網路具有經過饋電線之導體16、18而連 接的一分流電容C、及饋電線導體18中的一者與用負載或源 36表示之天線的輻射狀元件10A-10D之間的一串聯電感、直 接連接至負載/源36的其他側之饋電線的其他導體16。在此 層面，饋電線至天線元件1〇Α_1〇Β的互連與在 W02006/136809中揭露的電氣相同，其内容併入本文以供 參考。第二層疊板3〇與核心之接近端表面部分12D上的導體 之間的連接透過一球格陣列32作出，如在我們的共同待決 英國專利申請案第0914440.3號案中所述，其内容也併入本 文以供參考。 第二層疊板30具有一中心槽34，中心槽34接收伸長層 疊板14的伸出匹配網路連接段14B，如在第1 a圖中所示， 導電區域之間作出焊接連接，導電區域包括層疊板14上的 上導電區域18U及第二層疊板30之下側上的導電層（圖未繪 示）的導體。 在組裝天線中，層疊板14的接近延伸部分毗鄰核心的 電鍍接近端表面部分12P，及在天線組裝期間，第一與第三 暴路接觸區域16V、16W(參見第妞圖）電氣連接至電鍍表面 部分12P。 上述組件及它們的互連產生一介電負載四臂螺旋天 21 201145673 線，其電氣類似於在上述先前專利公開案中揭露的四臂天 線。因而，核心12的接近端表面部分12P上的導電套筒2〇 及電鍍層（圖未繪示）以及由遮罩導體161；、16L形成的饋電 線遮罩形成一四分之一波貝愣電路(balun)，貝愣電路提供 天線元件結構10A-10D與安裝時連接天線之設備的共模隔 離。由天線元件10A-10D形成的金屬導體元件及核心上的其 他金屬層界定一前面容量’其主要部分由核心的介電材料 佔據。 天線具有一圓形極化共振模式，在此情況下在 1575MHz、GPS L1頻率。 在此圓形極化共振模式中，四分之一波貝愣電路充當 一陷波器’阻止電流自天線元件10A-10D流動至在核心的接 近端表面部分12P的遮罩導體16U、16L使得天線元件、套 筒20的凸緣20U、及輻射狀轨道i〇ar-1〇DR形成界定共振頻 率的導電迴路。因此’在圓形極化共振模式中，電流自饋 電線導體中的一者經由例如套筒20的凸緣20U周圍的一第 一螺旋天線元件10 A流回至其他饋電線導體，流至對立設置 的螺旋天線元件10C，並回到後一元件i〇c。 天線亦展現一線性極化共振模式。在此模式中，電流 在互連饋電線導體的不同導電迴路中流動。更特定地，在 此情況中，有四導電迴路，每一導電迴路按順序包含輻射 狀軌道10AR-10DR中的一者、相關聯螺旋天線元件 10A-10D、套筒20(以與軸13平行的一方向）、接近端表面部 分12P及由遮罩導體16U、16L及它們的互連導通孔π形成 22 201145673 之饋電線遮罩的外表面上的電鐘。（將指出的是，在由傳輸 線段14A形成之饋電線中流動的電流在由遮罩導體16U、 16L形成之遮罩的内部流動）。饋電線的長度及，因而，遮 罩導體的長度、它們的寬度、及它們與核心12的陶曼材料 的接近程度決定此線性極化共振的頻率。 由於核心12之陶器材料旁的遮罩導體16U、16L的相對 輕微介電負載’在此情況中之導電迴路的電氣長度小於圓 形極化共振模式中有效之導電迴路的平均電氣長度。因 此，與圓形極化共振模式相比，線性極化共振模式以一較 局頻率為中心。線性極化共振模式具有一相關聯的輻射圖 樣’該輻射圖樣是環形的’亦即以天線之軸13為中心。因 而，在天線以其軸13大體上垂直而朝向時，特別適合於接 收陸地上垂直極化信號。 藉由改變遮罩導體軌道16U、16L的寬度，可大體上獨 立於圓形極化模式的共振頻率而實現對線性極化模式之共 振頻率的調整。在此範例中，線性極化模式的共振頻率為 2.45GHz(亦即，在ISM頻帶中）。 當需要雙重頻率操作時，較佳的是，匹配網路是一雙 極網路’如在第1D圖中所示。 建構作為—伸長層疊板㈣電器結構提供天線至主機設備 的一特別經濟連接。參考第2圖’在天線！連接至一設備電 路板4〇上的電路元件之情況中，藉由依據伸長天線層疊板 14(第1B圖）之天線連接段14C上的接觸區域π、、的間 隔而導電地麟絲金賴簣_42鄰近於料板的邊緣 23 201145673 40E且相隔開可實現天線饋電線與電路板40之間的一直接 電氣連接，電路板40以其平面平行於天線軸而定向。當天 線安裝於電路板40的一要求位置時，依據天線之天線連接 段14C的位置來確定彈簧觸體42的位置。 每一彈簣觸體包含一金屬葉彈簧，該金屬葉彈簧具有 一折叠組態，其中一固定腳42L被固定至電路板40上的一各 別導體（圖未繪示）及一接觸腳42U在固定腳42L上延伸但與 之隔開，使得當垂直於板40的平面對接觸腳42U施加一力 時，其接近固定腳42L。因而’將理解的是，當如所繪示天 線與電路板40並置，其中接觸區域16V、18W、16W(第1B 圖）與彈簧觸體42配準時，彈簧觸體受彈性變形且頂住它們 各自的接觸區域16V、18W、16W以在天線1與電路板40的 電路元件之間建立一電氣連接。 將指出的是，天線與電路板4〇的電路之間沒有單獨的 連接裝置。每一彈簧觸體42以與其他表面安裝組件相同 的方式個別且單獨地應用於電路板4〇。 此組態導致一簡單設備纽裝過程，如在第3A至3F圖中 所π。參考第3八至糊，一典型的組裝過程包含，首先將 電路板40放置於一第一設備封裝部分5〇a中（第3八及犯 ，）其-欠，天線1被引入於封裝部分5〇A中的一天線形狀的 谷積52巾（帛3C及3DU)，天線伸長板14之天線連接段頂住 =路板4G_L的彈簧觸體42，如特別地在第犯圖 中繪示。接 著也具有形狀設計成响合天線1的一内部表面之-第二封 裝部分_與第一提及封裝部分遍配準，致使天線i被完 24 201145673 成驅使至封裝部分50A中的容積52中，在此封裝封閉步驟中 彈簧觸體42變形（第3E圖）。兩封裝部分50A、50B具有吸附 特徵使得最終封閉運動與兩封裝部分的吸附在一起相關 聯。 在第3F圖的截面中繪示天線1在兩封裝部分5〇a、5〇B 的支撐及位置。容積52及若需要的話封裝覆蓋部分5〇B中的 一相對朝向容積，被形狀設計成使天線不僅橫向於天線軸 而且沿軸方向來設置位置。亦將指出的是，除了提供一簡 單且不昂貴組裝過程之外，天線與電路板之間的互連的組 態允許天線與板40之間的軸向運動而不中斷彈簧觸體42所 作的連接。這具有的優點是，設備經受嚴重衝擊(例如，在 手持無線通訊單元掉下的情況中），天線丨與電路板4〇之 間缺少一剛性連接避免了焊接接縫上的拉力，此類焊接接 縫例如天線的伸長層疊板14與支撐匹配網路之天線的第二 層疊板30之間，及橫向安裝的層疊板3〇及天線核心之遠端 表面部分12D上的電鍍導體之間的焊接接縫。 現在參考第4A及4B圖’依據發明的一第二天線具有安 裝於伸長層疊板14之接近伸出天線連接段14C上的彈簣觸 體42。如在上面參考第2圖所述的系統中，彈簧觸體是金屬 葉彈簧，每一金屬葉彈簣具有一固定腳與一接觸腳。在此 情況中，固定腳個別且單獨地焊接至天線連接段14C的各別 接觸區域16V、18W、16W。設備電路板(圖未繪示)提供有 相對應的隔開接觸區域使得在天線丨相對於電路板壓入其 所要求的位置時，彈簧觸體42被壓縮。此組態產生與上面 25 201145673 針對第2圖的單元概述之組態相同的優點。 參考第5A及5B圖，饋電線的層疊板結構亦提供對完整 支撐諸如一RF前端低雜訊放大器60之一主動電路元件的可 月b性。在此情況中，層疊板14具有一較大接近延伸部分 14C，傳輸線段14A的饋電線導體（圖未繪示）直接連接至低 雜訊放大器60的輸入。放大器的輸出可直接輕合至暴露接 觸區域62，如在第5A及5B圖中所繪示，以使用如上參考第 2圖所述的彈簧觸體連接至一設備電路板。天線核心12之洞 12B(參見第5B圖）内的層疊板14的位置藉由層疊板14之相 對面上的彈蒉偏置元件來輔助。它們頂住洞12B的壁以助於 使板14以軸13為中心。在此情況中，饋電線的饋電線導體 至接近端表面部分12P(圖未繪示）上的輻射狀軌道之直接連 接可透過平面導電耳狀物或接觸板66來完成，平面導電耳 狀物或接觸板66®比鄰層疊板14之遠延伸部分14B上的遠接 觸區域且焊接至輻射狀軌道。 如第6A及6B圖中所示之層疊板14的一進一步放大允 δ午一天線總成’其中饋電線直接饋送一低雜訊放大器6〇， 該低雜訊放大器60相應地饋送亦安裝於層疊板14的接近延 伸部分14 Β之一接收器晶片6 8。此經濟總成具有消除層疊板 14與設備電路板之間連接上的高頻電流而不論連接是由第 6Α及6Β圖中所示的一分立連接器7〇、一靈活印刷電路層疊 板抑或上面參考第2圖所述的彈簧接觸配置而作出之優 點。此外’使此電路的所有部分在層疊板14的一共用相鄰 接地平面上減小了共模雜訊自設備電路板上的雜訊發射電 26 201145673 路耦合至層疊板14上的電路之機會。 作為上面參考第5B圖描述 '為用以將饋電線導體連接 至核心之遠端表面12P上的輻射狀執道的一手段之導電耳 狀物66的一替代物，彈簧觸體可被使用，如在第7A及7B圖 中所緣示。這些彈簧觸體各具有用以焊接至遠端©UD上的 導電層之一平面連接基座及一相依凹入彈簧段，該相依凹 入彈頁段在伸長層4板14之相對側上穿人洞⑽以接觸傳 輸線段14A之遠延伸部分14B上的遠接觸區_。此提供饋電 線14與天線元件10A-10B的抗衝擊互連。 在第8A及8B圖中繪示使科狀物_行饋電線至遠 表面部分導體執道的遠連接。 核心12之電鍍接近端表面部分12p與饋電線遮罩導體 _、16L的接近端部分之間的連接可藉由如第从、叩、冗 及9〇圖中所示的—焊鑛塾圈來實現，在天線經過-烤爐而 2化環狀物76的焊敎得其流域近表面電鍍及伸長層疊 板W的外導體層上時可建立連接。 藉由提供如第9E圖所示的—槽孔徑實現焊鍵塾圈狀 内邊緣之間的㈣制。在此情財，料板狀遠延伸 部分UB比傳輸線段14A有更大寬度以便更易於直接在伸 長層唛板14上谷納匹配組件，如第9b圖所示。 翏考第9F圖現在將更加詳細描述第9八_9〇圖中所示之 天線的層疊板14的結構。該板具有以下三導電層：一上導 由層14 1巾間導電層14_2及-下外部導電層（在第9F圖 中以虛線纟㈣14小内層形成_窄伸長饋電線導體Μ。外 27 201145673 層形成如前文所述的遮罩導體16U、16L。如前文所述，在 遮罩導體16U、16L之間延伸的是兩列電鍍導通孔17，它們 結合遮罩導體16U、16L形成一遮罩包圍内導體18。傳輸線 段14A的接近延伸部分14C具有連接至饋電線導體的接觸 區域16V、18W、16W，如上參考第1B圖所述。 在此範例中，放大遠延伸部分14B構成一匹配段，其替 代上面參考第1A及1B圖所述之第一天線的第二層疊板 3〇 °匹配段具有一分流電容，其由一分立表面安裝電容器 8〇提供，此組件安裝於在外導體層14-1内形成的墊片上， 它們透過一導通孔18V及饋電線遮罩導體16U的一延伸部 分81而分別連接至内導體18。透過一橫向元件82及相關聯 的導通孔在中間層14-2中形成一串聯電感。 藉由遠延伸部分14B之側面伸出部分上的外導電層與 由核心之遠端表面部分上的圖樣化導電層提供的導體之間 的焊接接縫實現層疊板14之遠延伸部分14B上的匹配網路 之連接。 未必需要透過在平行於天線軸的一平面中延伸的接觸 區域作出天線饋電線與一設備電路板之間的連接。參考第 10A及10B圖，在核心12之接近端表面部分12P上可提供垂 直於天線軸而定向的接觸區域。在此情況中，接近端表面 部分12P之電鍍可被圖樣化以便提供一隔離“土地”88八，其 與形成為導電套筒20的延續部分之電鍍88B絕緣。以此方戈 進行之核心12上的接近導電層88A、88B的圖樣化提供導電 基座區域，導電基座區域用以附加風扇形導電支撐元件 28 201145673 90 ’風扇形導電支撐元件90的内端被形狀設計成連接至傳 輸線段14A之接近延伸部分14C的接觸區域(例如，導電墊片 18W)(此類區域在層疊板14的相對面上）。支撐元件9〇連接 至各別導電層部分88A、88B以形成垂直於天線軸定向的細 體及抗磨損接觸區域並接收毗鄰彈簧觸體，如第11圖中所 示。 參考第11圖’在此情況中，一設備電路板40具有暨直 金屬葉彈簧觸體42，豎直金屬葉彈簧觸體42具有固定腳 42F ’固定腳42F固定於相鄰電路板4〇的一邊緣之孔中且相 隔開以便與連接至天線核心12之接近端表面部分i2p之隔 開支撐元件90配準。每一彈簧觸體具有一接觸腳42U，接觸 腳42U在與天線軸平行的一方向上有彈性地頂住支撐元件 90 > 相同垂直定向的支撐元件可用於在一設備電路板4〇的 面上進行天線的“塔樓（turret)，，安裝，如在第12圖中所繪 示。在此情況中，彈簧觸體42表面安裝於板4〇上，如第12 圖所示。當在天線組裝至電路板4〇為其一部分之設備内期 間天線1被驅使進入電路板40上的位置時，其中接近端表面 部分12P與電路板40的相對表面之間有一預定間隔，出現與 上面參考第2圖所述方式相同之固定腳方向上彈簧觸體42 之接觸腳的有彈性靠近運動。 在第13A及13B圖中繪示以—塔樓安裝組態將天線連 接至一設備電路板之一可選擇方式，在此情況中，如上參 考第10A及10B圖所述圖樣化電鍍於天線核心12之接近端 29 201145673 表面部分12P上的導電層。然而，在此情況中，以一直徑相 對方式分別安裝在陸地導體區域88A及套筒連接導電區域 88B上的一對彈簧接觸元件42來作出到伸長層疊板14的饋 電線的連接。在每一情況中，固定腳42L焊接至各別導電區 域使得接觸腳42U被定向來頂住一設備電路板（圖未繪示） 上的接觸區域，平行於天線核心的接近端表面部分12P且垂 直於天線軸13延伸，天線處於依據彈簧觸體42的所需壓縮 而設定的一預定間隔處。再者，這些彈簧觸體被定向使得 固定腳與接觸腳之間的彈性互連在每一情況中朝向軸内且 與之隔開以便頂住層疊板14之傳輸線段14A的接近延伸部 分14B，如在第13A及13B圖中所繪示。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1A及1B圖分別是一第一天線之透視組裝及拆解視 圖， 第1C及1D圖分別是針對第1A及1B圖的天線之單極與 雙極匹配網路之電路圖； 第2圖是包括第1A及1B圖的天線之一無線通訊單元的 部分的一透視圖； 第3A至3F圖是第2圖無線通訊單元的圖解透視圖，繪示 一系列組裝步驟； 第4A及4B圖分別是一第二天線之透視組裝及拆解視 圖； 第5A及5B圖分別是一第一天線組裝之透視組裝及拆 解視圖； 30 201145673 第6A及6B圖分別是一第二天線組裝之透視組裝及拆 解視圖； 第7A及7B圖分別是一第三天線之透視組裝及拆解視 圖， 第8A及8B圖分別是一第四天線之透視組裝及拆解視 圖， 第9A至9F圖是一第五天線及其部分的各種不同視圖； 第10A及10B圖分別是一第六天線之透視組裝及拆解 視圖， 第11圖是包括第六天線之一無線電通訊單元的部分的 一透視圖； 第12圖是包括第六天線之一可選擇無線電通訊單元的 一透視圖； 第13A及13B圖分別是一第七天線之透視組裝及拆解 視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10A、10B、10C、10D...軸向共延螺旋式軌道 10AR、10BR、10CR、10DR·.·輻射狀軌道 12.. .核心 12B...洞 12D...遠端表面部分 12P...接近端表面部分 13.. .轴中心 14.. .伸長層疊板 14-1...上導電層 14-2...中間導電層 14-3...下外部導電層 14A...傳輸線段 31 201145673 14B...匹配網路連接段 14C...天線連接段 14U...上層疊板層 16、18...導體 16L...下遮罩導體 16U...上遮罩導體 17.. .電鍍導通孔 16V、16W...外部暴露接觸區域 18U··.暴露上導體 18V...内導體遠導通孔 18W...接觸區域 18X…接近導通孔 20.. .電鍍套筒 30…第二層疊板 32.. .球格陣列 34.. .中心槽 40.. .電路板 40E...電路板的邊緣 42.. .金屬彈簧觸體 42L...固定腳 42U...接觸腳 50A...第一設備封裝部分 50B...第二封裝部分 52.. .容積 60.. .RF前端低雜訊放大器 62.. .暴露接觸區域 66.. .平面導電耳狀物或接觸板 32 201145673 68.. .接收器晶片 70.. .分立連接器 76.. .環狀物 80.. .分立表面安裝電容器 81.. .饋電線遮罩導體的延伸部分 82.. .橫向元件 88A...隔離“地”、導電層、導電層部分 88B...導電層、導電層部分 90.. .風扇形導電支撐元件 33The method of the radio communication device according to the item 66/工-XZ 任任, the device is provided in a two-part package for the antenna and the device circuit board, and the package has a shape of a valley product and is designed as a receiving antenna. And positioning it in the pre-selected position of the circuit board to find the pre-position position of the towel f« and the antenna_'! contact area configuration and against the respective contact area, wherein the method comprises fixing the circuit board in the package The antenna is placed in the volume, and in a set of white conditions, the two parts of the package are provided together, and the two parts are provided together, so that the spring _ is placed against the respective receiving areas on the antenna, thereby compressively making the spring The body is deformed. Figure 1A and 1B are respectively - the perspective assembly and disassembly of the first antenna. The 1C and iD diagrams are circuit diagrams for the unipolar and matching networks of the antennas of Figures 8 and 7 respectively; The second figure includes a view of the section of the wireless communication unit of one of the antennas of the eighth and the second figure; the third figure of the eighth to third figures is a schematic perspective view of the second round wireless communication unit, showing a series of steps; 201145673 Figures 4A and 4B are perspective assembly and disassembly views of a second antenna, respectively; Figures 5A and 5B are perspective assembly and disassembly views of a first antenna assembly; Figures 6A and 6B are respectively Perspective assembly and disassembly view of the second antenna assembly; Figures 7A and 7B are perspective assembly and disassembly views of a third antenna, respectively, and Figures 8A and 8B are perspective assembly and disassembly views of a fourth antenna, respectively. 9A to 9F are various views of a fifth antenna and its parts; FIGS. 10A and 10B are respectively a perspective assembly and disassembly view of a sixth antenna; and FIG. 11 is a radio communication including a sixth antenna a perspective view of a portion of the unit; Figure 12 includes a sixth One of the antennas may select a perspective view of the radio communication unit; Figures 13A and 13B are perspective assembly and disassembly views of a seventh antenna, respectively. C Embodiment 3 Referring to Figures 1A and 1B, an antenna according to a first aspect of the invention has an antenna element structure having an electric clock or metallized on a cylindrical outer surface of a cylindrical ceramic core 12. The four axially coextensive spiral tracks 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D. The relative dielectric of the core ceramic material is often 17 201145673 and the number is usually greater than 2G. Materials having a relative dielectric constant (9) based on 钡Penchin acid are particularly suitable. The core 12 has an axial passage in the form of a hole 12b extending from a distal end surface portion 12D through the core to a proximal end surface portion 12?β. The surfaces of the two surfaces are transverse and perpendicular to the axis center 13 of the core. . They are relatively oriented with one surface portion facing far and the other facing near. Encapsulated in the hole 12 is an electrical feeder structure in the form of an elongated layer 4 plate 14. The elongated laminated plate 14 has a transmission line segment 14A, a matching network connection portion 14A and an antenna connection portion 14C, and the antenna connection portion 14C is The transmission line segments are each formed in a form that is integrally formed as far as the extension portion. The laminate 14 has three conductive layers, and only one of the three conductive layers appears in Figure 1B. This first conductive layer is exposed on an upper surface of the board 14U. A third conductive layer is similarly exposed on the lower surface of the laminated board 14L, and a second, intermediate conductive layer is implanted in the insulating material of the laminated board 14 between the first and third conductive layers. In the transmission line segment 14A of the laminated board 14, the second, intermediate conductive layer is in the form of a narrow elongated track extending centrally along the transmission line segment 14A to form an inner feed conductor (not shown). Overlying and underlying the inner conductor are wider elongated conductor tracks formed by the first and third conductive layers, respectively. These wider tracks constitute the upper and lower mask conductors 16U, 16L of the inner conductor of the mask. The mask conductors 16U, 16L are interconnected through the plated vias 17, which are disposed on opposite sides of the line parallel to the front of the inner conductor. The via is spaced from the longitudinal edge of the inner conductor so that the insulating material that passes through the laminate 14 is spaced from the longitudinal edge of the inner conductor. It will be understood that the combination of the elongated tracks formed by the 18 201145673 three conductive layers in the transmission line segment 14A and the interconnect vias 17 form a coaxial feed line having an inner conductor and an outer mask body, the outer mask body It is composed of upper and lower conductive tracks 16U and 16L and via holes. Typically, this coaxial feed line has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. A conductor (not shown) in the distal extension portion 14B' of the laminate 14 is coupled to an exposed upper conductor 18U through an inner conductor distal via 18V. Similarly, on the lower surface of the distal extending portion 14B, there is an exposed connecting conductor 18L (not shown in Fig. 1B) which is an extension of the lower mask conductor 16L. In the proximal extending portion 14C of the laminated board 14, an inner conductor (not shown) is connected to an exposed central contact region 18W of the upper surface 14U of the laminated board 14, and the contact region 18W is connected to the inner conductor through a proximity via 18X. . On the same upper laminated layer 14U, there are two external exposed contact regions 16V, 16w which are arranged on opposite sides of the central contact region 18W. In summary, the three side-by-side contact areas constitute a set of contact bodies for connecting the assembled antenna to, for example, a spring contact body on a device motherboard which will be described later. It will be noted that the antenna connecting section 14c of the laminated board 14 is rectangular in shape, and the width of the rectangular shape is larger than the width of the side-by-side transmission line section 14A such that the laminated board 14 is inserted into the core 12 of the antenna cassette from the proximal end during assembly, the antenna The connecting section 14C is adjacent to the near end surface portion 12P of the antenna core 12 such that the antenna connecting section is closely exposed. The length of the laminated board 14 is such that the matching network connecting section 14B has its distal end projecting a short distance from the hole 12B when the antenna connecting section is adjacent to the end surface portion 12P. The width of the transmission line segment generally corresponds to the diameter of the hole 12B (the cross section of the hole is circular) such that the outer mask conductors 16U, 16L are separated from the ceramic material of the core 12 by 201145673. (Note that 'hole 12B is not plated.) Therefore, through the ceramic material of core 12, mask conductors 16U, 16L have minimal dielectric loading. In this embodiment, the insulating material of the laminated board has a relative dielectric constant of about 4.5. The angular position of the laminate 14 is assisted by the longitudinal grooves in the hole 12B as shown in Figure 1B. Electroplated on the near end surface portion 12P of the core is a surface connecting member formed as a radial track 10AR, 10BR, l〇CR, 10DR. Each of the surface attachment elements extends from a distal end of each of the spiral tracks 10A-10D to a position adjacent the end of the adjacent hole 12B. It will be seen that the radial tracks 10AR-10DR are interconnected by curved conductive links such that the four spiral tracks 10A-10D are interconnected in pairs at their distal ends. The proximal ends of the antenna elements 10A-10D are coupled to a common virtual ground conductor in the form of an electroplated sleeve 20 that surrounds a proximal end portion of the core 12. The sleeve 20 extends to a conductive coating (not shown) adjacent the end surface portion 12P of the core. The distal surface portion 12D of the overlying core 12 is in the form of a second laminate 30' which is approximately one of the positions disposed relative to the center of the shaft 13. The lateral content of the second laminate 30 is such that it overlies the inner ends of the radial tracks 10AR, 10BR, 10CR, 10DR and their respective arcuate interconnects. The second laminate 30 has a single conductive layer on its lower side, i.e., on the face of the distal end surface portion 12D of the core. This conductive layer provides a feed connection and an antenna element connection for coupling the conductive layers 16U, 16L, 18 of the transmission line segment 14A to the antenna elements 10A-10D via the conductive surface connection elements 10AR-10DR on the core surface portion 12D. The laminated board conductive layer combined with a surface mount capacitor (not shown) on the lower side of the 201145673 side also constitutes an impedance matching network for matching the impedance exhibited by the antenna element structure to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line section 14A (50 ohm ). The circuit diagram of the impedance matching network is shown in Figure 1C. As shown in FIG. 1C, the impedance matching network has a shunt capacitor C connected through the conductors 16, 18 of the feed line, and radiation of one of the feeder conductors 18 and the antenna represented by the load or source 36. A series inductance between the elements 10A-10D is directly connected to the other conductors 16 of the feeders on the other side of the load/source 36. At this level, the interconnection of the feeder to the antenna element 1〇Α_1〇Β is the same as that disclosed in WO2006/136809, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The connection between the second laminate 3's and the conductors on the end surface portion 12D of the core is made through a ball grid array 32, as described in our co-pending U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 0914440.3, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. It is also incorporated herein by reference. The second laminate 30 has a central groove 34 that receives the extended matching network connection portion 14B of the elongated laminate 14. As shown in Figure 1a, a conductive connection is made between the conductive regions, and the conductive region includes A conductor of a conductive layer (not shown) on the upper conductive region 18U and the lower side of the second laminate 30 on the laminate 14. In the assembled antenna, the nearly extended portion of the laminated board 14 is adjacent to the plating near end surface portion 12P of the core, and during the assembly of the antenna, the first and third storm contact areas 16V, 16W (see the figure) are electrically connected to the plating Surface portion 12P. The above components and their interconnections produce a dielectric load four-arm spiral 21 201145673 line that is electrically similar to the four-arm antenna disclosed in the above prior patent publication. Thus, the conductive sleeve 2 〇 on the near end surface portion 12P of the core 12 and the plating layer (not shown) and the feed line mask formed by the mask conductors 161;, 16L form a quarter-wave shell. The balun circuit provides common mode isolation of the antenna element structures 10A-10D from the devices that are connected to the antenna when installed. The metal conductor elements formed by the antenna elements 10A-10D and the other metal layers on the core define a front capacity 'the major portion of which is occupied by the core dielectric material. The antenna has a circular polarization resonance mode, in this case at 1575 MHz, GPS L1 frequency. In this circularly polarized resonance mode, the quarter-wave Bellows circuit acts as a trap to prevent current from flowing from the antenna elements 10A-10D to the mask conductors 16U, 16L at the near end surface portion 12P of the core such that The antenna element, the flange 20U of the sleeve 20, and the radial track i〇ar-1〇DR form a conductive loop that defines the resonant frequency. Thus, in the circular polarization resonance mode, one of the current self-feed wire conductors flows back to the other feeder conductors via a first helical antenna element 10 A around the flange 20U of the sleeve 20, for example, to the opposite direction. The helical antenna element 10C is placed and returned to the latter element i〇c. The antenna also exhibits a linear polarization resonance mode. In this mode, current flows in different conductive loops that interconnect the feeder conductors. More specifically, in this case there are four conductive loops, each of which in turn comprises one of the radial tracks 10AR-10DR, the associated helical antenna elements 10A-10D, the sleeve 20 (in parallel with the axis 13) One direction), the near end surface portion 12P and the electric clock on the outer surface of the feeder mask formed by the mask conductors 16U, 16L and their interconnecting vias π 22 201145673. (It will be noted that the current flowing in the feeder formed by the transmission line segment 14A flows inside the mask formed by the shield conductors 16U, 16L). The length of the feed lines and, therefore, the length of the shield conductors, their width, and their proximity to the Tauman material of the core 12 determine the frequency of this linear polarization resonance. Due to the relatively slight dielectric load of the mask conductors 16U, 16L adjacent to the core material of the core 12, the electrical length of the conductive loop in this case is less than the average electrical length of the conductive loop effective in the circular polarization mode of resonance. Therefore, the linear polarization resonance mode is centered on a local frequency compared to the circular polarization resonance mode. The linearly polarized resonant mode has an associated radiation pattern 'the radiation pattern is annular', i.e., centered on the axis 13 of the antenna. Therefore, the antenna is particularly suitable for receiving vertically polarized signals on land when the antenna is oriented substantially perpendicular to its axis 13. By varying the width of the mask conductor tracks 16U, 16L, the adjustment of the resonant frequency of the linear polarization mode can be achieved substantially independently of the resonant frequency of the circular polarization mode. In this example, the linear polarization mode has a resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz (i.e., in the ISM band). When dual frequency operation is required, it is preferred that the matching network be a bipolar network' as shown in Fig. 1D. Constructed as an elongate laminated board (4) electrical structure provides a special economical connection to the host device. Refer to Figure 2' at the antenna! In the case of connecting to a circuit component on a device board 4, it is electrically conductive by the spacing of the contact area π, on the antenna connection section 14C of the elongated antenna laminated board 14 (Fig. 1B). The 篑_42 is adjacent to the edge 23 201145673 40E of the slab and spaced apart to enable a direct electrical connection between the antenna feed line and the circuit board 40, the circuit board 40 being oriented with its plane parallel to the antenna axis. When the line is mounted at a desired position on the circuit board 40, the position of the spring contact body 42 is determined in accordance with the position of the antenna connection portion 14C of the antenna. Each of the magazine contacts includes a metal leaf spring having a folded configuration, wherein a fixed leg 42L is fixed to a respective conductor (not shown) on the circuit board 40 and a contact leg 42U It extends over but is spaced apart from the fixed leg 42L such that when a force is applied to the contact foot 42U perpendicular to the plane of the plate 40, it approaches the fixed leg 42L. Thus, it will be understood that when the antenna is juxtaposed with the circuit board 40 as shown, wherein the contact regions 16V, 18W, 16W (Fig. 1B) are in registration with the spring contacts 42, the spring contacts are elastically deformed and bear against them. The respective contact areas 16V, 18W, 16W establish an electrical connection between the antenna 1 and the circuit elements of the circuit board 40. It will be noted that there is no separate connection between the antenna and the circuit of the circuit board. Each spring contact 42 is individually and individually applied to the circuit board 4 in the same manner as other surface mount components. This configuration results in a simple device loading process, such as π in Figures 3A through 3F. Referring to the third to eighth paste, a typical assembly process involves first placing the circuit board 40 in a first device package portion 5a (3rd and 8th), which is - owed, and the antenna 1 is introduced into the package portion. 5 antenna A in the shape of an antenna 52 (帛 3C and 3DU), the antenna connection of the antenna extension 14 withstands the spring contact 42 of the road plate 4G_L, as shown in the figure . There is also a second package portion _ shaped to match the inner surface of the antenna 1 with the first reference package portion, such that the antenna i is driven into the volume 52 in the package portion 50A by 24 201145673 The spring contact body 42 is deformed in this package closing step (Fig. 3E). The two package portions 50A, 50B have an adsorption feature such that the final closed motion is associated with the adsorption of the two package portions. The support and position of the antenna 1 in the two package portions 5a, 5B are shown in the cross section of the 3F. The volume 52 and, if desired, a relative orientation volume of the package cover portion 5B, is shaped such that the antenna is positioned not only transverse to the antenna axis but also in the axial direction. It will also be noted that in addition to providing a simple and inexpensive assembly process, the configuration of the interconnection between the antenna and the board allows for axial movement between the antenna and the board 40 without interrupting the spring contacts 42. connection. This has the advantage that the device is subjected to severe shocks (for example, in the case of a hand-held wireless communication unit falling), the lack of a rigid connection between the antenna 丨 and the circuit board 4〇 avoids tensile forces on the solder joint, such soldering Welding between seams such as the elongated laminate 14 of the antenna and the second laminate 30 supporting the antenna of the matching network, and between the laterally mounted laminate 3 and the plated conductor on the distal surface portion 12D of the antenna core seam. Referring now to Figures 4A and 4B, a second antenna according to the invention has a magazine contact 42 mounted on the elongate laminate 14 adjacent the extended antenna connection section 14C. As in the system described above with reference to Figure 2, the spring contacts are metal leaf springs, each metal leaf magazine having a fixed foot and a contact foot. In this case, the fixed legs are individually and individually soldered to the respective contact regions 16V, 18W, 16W of the antenna connecting portion 14C. The device board (not shown) is provided with corresponding spaced apart contact areas such that the spring contacts 42 are compressed when the antenna turns into the desired position relative to the board. This configuration yields the same advantages as the configuration outlined above for 25 201145673 for the unit diagram of Figure 2. Referring to Figures 5A and 5B, the laminate structure of the feed line also provides for the full support of an active circuit component such as an RF front end low noise amplifier 60. In this case, the laminate 14 has a relatively large extension portion 14C, and the feed conductor (not shown) of the transmission line segment 14A is directly connected to the input of the low noise amplifier 60. The output of the amplifier can be directly coupled to the exposed contact area 62, as depicted in Figures 5A and 5B, to connect to a device board using the spring contacts as described above with reference to Figure 2. The position of the laminated plate 14 in the hole 12B (see Fig. 5B) of the antenna core 12 is assisted by the magazine biasing elements on the opposite faces of the laminated plate 14. They bear against the walls of the hole 12B to help center the plate 14 about the shaft 13. In this case, the direct connection of the feed conductor of the feed line to the radial track on the near end surface portion 12P (not shown) can be accomplished through the planar conductive lug or contact plate 66, the planar conductive lug Or the contact plate 66® is adjacent to the far contact area on the distal extension portion 14B of the laminate 14 and welded to the radial track. A further enlargement of the laminated board 14 as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B allows the delta antenna assembly 'where the feeder is directly fed with a low noise amplifier 6 〇, and the low noise amplifier 60 is correspondingly fed and mounted One of the proximity plates 14 of the laminate 14 is a receiver wafer 68. The economic assembly has a high frequency current that eliminates the connection between the laminate 14 and the device board, whether the connection is by a discrete connector 7A, a flexible printed circuit laminate or the top shown in Figures 6 and 6 Refer to the spring contact configuration described in Figure 2 for advantages. Furthermore, 'all parts of this circuit reduce the chance of common mode noise on the circuit board's noise emission 26 201145673 coupling to the circuit on the laminate 14 on a common adjacent ground plane of the laminate 14. . As an alternative to the conductive ear 66 described as a means for connecting the feeder conductor to the radial path on the distal surface 12P of the core as described above with reference to FIG. 5B, a spring contact can be used, As shown in Figures 7A and 7B. The spring contacts each have a planar connection base for soldering to the distal end ©UD and a dependent recessed spring segment that is threaded over the opposite side of the elongated layer 4 plate 14 The manhole (10) contacts the far contact zone _ on the distal extension 14B of the transmission line segment 14A. This provides an impact resistant interconnection of the feed line 14 with the antenna elements 10A-10B. The distal connections of the conductor-line feeder to the far-surface portion conductor are shown in Figures 8A and 8B. The connection between the plated near end surface portion 12p of the core 12 and the proximal end portion of the feeder shield conductors _, 16L can be achieved by a weld bead as shown in the 从, 叩, 冗 and 〇 It is achieved that the connection can be established when the antenna passes through the oven and the soldering of the ring 76 is obtained by plating the surface near the surface and stretching the outer conductor layer of the laminated board W. The (four) system between the inner edges of the weld ring and the ring-shaped inner edge is realized by providing a groove diameter as shown in Fig. 9E. In this case, the panel-like distal extension portion UB has a larger width than the transmission line segment 14A to make it easier to directly match the component on the elongated laminate 14 as shown in Fig. 9b. Referring to Figure 9F, the structure of the laminated board 14 of the antenna shown in Fig. 9-8 will now be described in more detail. The board has the following three conductive layers: an upper conductor consisting of a layer 14 1 inter-shield conductive layer 14_2 and a lower outer conductive layer (in the 9F diagram, a dashed line 四 (4) 14 small inner layer is formed _ narrow elongated feeder conductor Μ. Outside 27 201145673 The layers form the mask conductors 16U, 16L as described above. As previously described, extending between the mask conductors 16U, 16L are two rows of plated vias 17 which form a mask in combination with the mask conductors 16U, 16L. The inner conductor 18 is enclosed. The proximal extension portion 14C of the transmission line segment 14A has contact regions 16V, 18W, 16W connected to the feeder conductor as described above with reference to Figure 1B. In this example, the enlarged distal extension portion 14B constitutes a matching segment. The second laminate 3's matching section instead of the first antenna described above with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B has a shunt capacitor provided by a discrete surface mount capacitor 8A, which is mounted on the outer conductor layer The spacers formed in 14-1 are respectively connected to the inner conductor 18 through a via hole 18V and an extension portion 81 of the feed line mask conductor 16U. The transverse layer 82 and the associated via hole are passed through the intermediate layer. 14-2 medium shape A series inductance. The remote extension of the laminate 14 is achieved by a welded joint between the outer conductive layer on the side extension of the distal extension portion 14B and the conductor provided by the patterned conductive layer on the distal surface portion of the core. The connection of the matching network on portion 14B. It is not necessary to make a connection between the antenna feeder and a device board through a contact area extending in a plane parallel to the antenna axis. Referring to Figures 10A and 10B, at core 12 A contact area oriented perpendicular to the antenna axis may be provided on the proximal end surface portion 12P. In this case, the plating of the near end surface portion 12P may be patterned to provide an isolated "land" 88, which is formed to be electrically conductive. The continuation of the sleeve 20 is etched 88B. The patterning of the proximity conductive layers 88A, 88B on the core 12 provides a conductive pedestal region for attaching the fan-shaped conductive support member 28 201145673 The inner end of the 90' fan-shaped conductive support member 90 is shaped to connect to the contact region of the transmission line segment 14A proximate to the extended portion 14C (eg, a conductive gasket) 18W) (such regions are on opposite sides of the laminate 14). The support members 9 are coupled to the respective conductive layer portions 88A, 88B to form a thin and wear resistant contact region oriented perpendicular to the antenna axis and receive adjacent spring contacts. The body is as shown in Fig. 11. Referring to Fig. 11 'in this case, a device circuit board 40 has a straight metal leaf spring contact body 42, and the vertical metal leaf spring contact body 42 has a fixed leg 42F 'fixed foot The 42F is fixed in a hole in an edge of an adjacent circuit board 4'' and spaced apart to be registered with the spaced apart support member 90 connected to the end surface portion i2p of the antenna core 12. Each of the spring contacts has a contact leg 42U that elastically bears against the support member 90 in a direction parallel to the antenna axis. The same vertically oriented support member can be used on the face of a device board 4 The "turret" of the antenna is mounted, as shown in Fig. 12. In this case, the spring contact 42 is surface mounted on the plate 4, as shown in Fig. 12. When assembled at the antenna When the antenna 1 is driven into a position on the circuit board 40 during the device to which the circuit board 4 is a part, a predetermined interval is formed between the approaching end surface portion 12P and the opposite surface of the circuit board 40, appearing with reference to the above second The elastic footing movement of the contact pins of the spring contact body 42 in the direction of the fixed foot is the same as that shown in the figure. In FIGS. 13A and 13B, one of the circuit boards connected to the device can be selected by the tower installation configuration. In this case, the conductive layer plated on the surface portion 12P of the near end 29 201145673 of the antenna core 12 is patterned as described above with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. However, in this case, a diameter is opposite to the square. A pair of spring contact members 42 respectively mounted on the land conductor region 88A and the sleeve connection conductive region 88B are made to connect the feed lines to the elongated laminate 14. In each case, the fixed legs 42L are soldered to respective conductive The area is such that the contact leg 42U is oriented to withstand a contact area on a device circuit board (not shown) parallel to the proximal end surface portion 12P of the antenna core and perpendicular to the antenna axis 13, the antenna being in accordance with the spring contact 42 At a predetermined interval that is required for compression, the spring contacts are oriented such that the resilient interconnection between the fixed foot and the contact foot is in each case oriented toward and spaced from the shaft to withstand the stack. The near-extension portion 14B of the transmission line segment 14A of the board 14 is as shown in Figures 13A and 13B. [Simplified Schematic] Figures 1A and 1B are perspective assembly and disassembly views of a first antenna, respectively. 1C and 1D are circuit diagrams of the unipolar and bipolar matching networks of the antennas of Figs. 1A and 1B, respectively; and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of the wireless communication unit including one of the antennas of Figs. 1A and 1B. ; 3A Figure 3A is a schematic perspective view of the wireless communication unit of Figure 2, showing a series of assembly steps; Figures 4A and 4B are respectively a perspective assembly and disassembly view of a second antenna; Figures 5A and 5B are respectively Perspective assembly and disassembly view of the first antenna assembly; 30 201145673 Figures 6A and 6B are respectively perspective assembly and disassembly views of a second antenna assembly; Figures 7A and 7B are perspective assembly of a third antenna, respectively And the disassembled view, the 8A and 8B are respectively a perspective assembly and disassembly view of a fourth antenna, and the 9A to 9F are various views of a fifth antenna and a part thereof; the 10A and 10B are respectively a A perspective assembly and disassembly view of the sixth antenna, FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a portion of the radio communication unit including the sixth antenna; and FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a selectable radio communication unit including the sixth antenna Figures 13A and 13B are perspective assembly and disassembly views of a seventh antenna, respectively. [Major component symbol description] 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D... Axial coextensive spiral track 10AR, 10BR, 10CR, 10DR·. Radial track 12.. Core 12B... Hole 12D... The distal surface portion 12P is close to the end surface portion 13. The shaft center 14: the elongated laminate 14-1... the upper conductive layer 14-2... the intermediate conductive layer 14-3... External conductive layer 14A...transmission line segment 31 201145673 14B...matching network connection segment 14C...antenna connection segment 14U...upper laminate layer 16,18...conductor 16L...lower mask conductor 16U...Upper shield conductor 17.. Plating via 16V, 16W... External exposed contact area 18U·. Exposure of upper conductor 18V... Inner conductor Remote via 18W... Contact area 18X...close Via 20: plating sleeve 30... second laminate 32.. grid array 34.. center slot 40.. circuit board 40E... edge of circuit board 42.. metal spring contact 42L... fixed leg 42U... contact leg 50A... first device package portion 50B... second package portion 52.. volume 60.. RF front end low noise amplifier 62.. exposed contact Area 66.. Planar Conductive Ear or Contact Plate 32 201145673 68.. Receiver Crystal Sheet 70.. discrete connector 76.. ring 80.. discrete surface mount capacitor 81.. feeder wire conductor extension 82.. transverse element 88A... isolated "ground", Conductive layer, conductive layer portion 88B... conductive layer, conductive layer portion 90.. fan-shaped conductive support member 33