201142386 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種導光板，特別是指一種用於產生 面光源的導光板。 【先前技術】 發光二極體（Light Emitting Diode，LED)，或是高亮度 發光二極體（High Light Emitting Diode，HLED)具有壽命長 、體積小、小電流、無污染之特性，因此，在LED產業前 景一片看好時，使用LED做為發光源已逐漸取代傳統的冷 陰極燈管。 參閱圖1 ’以一般液晶顯示器的背光模組1為例，主要 包3有一導光板11 ’及設置在該導光板11 一側的數個發光 二極體12。當該等發光二極體12相對該導光板n入射光 線時’該導光板11會將線光源轉成面光源。 惟，由於該等發光二極體12的發光面積較小而趨近於 點光源，其光通量會隨著進入該導光板丨丨的距離增加而逐 漸降低，因此，靠近該等發光二極體12的部位會最亮，而 遠離該等發光二極體12的部位會較暗，雖然，該導光板丄丄 上的網點或凸肋，可以使行進中的光線產生光折射現象， 而提昇較遠部位的光亮度，但是，對於鄰近該發光二極體 12的部位而言，仍然會因為亮度明顯較亮，產生局部的亮 點（hot sp〇ts)或亮線，且此一問題將會因為該導光板丨丨的面 積（或邊長）加大，或因為使用高功率發光二極體丨2而降低 使用數量’導致相鄰發光二極體i 2的間距提升，使亮點或 201142386 亮線的情形更加惡化。如附件丨、2所示’經模擬計算後發 現，—般亮線或亮點的輝度可以高達平均輝度的3倍以上 ’換言之’其均勻度只有約30%左右。 為了改善前述亮點（hot spots)或亮線所造成的影響，一 般都會利用-邊框（圖未示）覆蓋在該導光板u彡側，藉以 遮擋有亮點（hot spots)的部位，惟，該邊框的設置，不但縮 =了該導光板11的發光面積，且降低了光源的利用率，相 當不符合經濟效益。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種可以有效提升均 勻度’及擴增照明面積的導光板。 於是，本發明的導光板，包含一本體、數凹槽、數第 一微結構群’及數第二微結構群。該本體具有形成在一表 :的m，及形成在一側面且面向該等發光二極體的 —入光面。該等凹槽形成在該本體内，且鄰近該入光面而 與該入光面間界定有—人光通道。該等第__微結構群佈設 在該入光面且分別相對該等發光二極體，用於擴張入射光 射角度，使入射光進入該入光通道内。該等第二微結 構群佈設在該等凹槽内，用於破壞該人光通道内入射光的 全反射路徑，而導引入射光朝該本體行進。 本發明的功效是以該等第一微結構群分散入射光，並 -己。。亥等凹槽的s史置，使光線均勻分佈，成功克服直視輝 度不均勻及傳統入光亮點（hot spots)的現象，使該導光板產 生均勻的面光源，進而能擴增照明面積。 201142386 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配α參考圖式之一個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 清楚的呈現。 參閱圖2、圖3,本發明導光板的一較佳實施例是以數 發光二極體2為光源。該導光板包含__本體3、數凹槽4、 數第一微結構群5、數第二微結構群6(如圖6)。201142386 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a light guide plate, and more particularly to a light guide plate for producing a surface light source. [Prior Art] Light Emitting Diode (LED) or High Light Emitting Diode (HLED) has long life, small size, low current, and no pollution. Therefore, When the LED industry is promising, the use of LEDs as a source of illumination has gradually replaced traditional cold cathode lamps. Referring to Fig. 1 ', a backlight module 1 of a general liquid crystal display is taken as an example. The main package 3 has a light guide plate 11' and a plurality of light emitting diodes 12 disposed on one side of the light guide plate 11. When the light-emitting diodes 12 are incident on the light guide plate n, the light guide plate 11 converts the line light source into a surface light source. However, since the light-emitting areas of the light-emitting diodes 12 are small and approach the point light source, the luminous flux gradually decreases as the distance into the light-guide plate 增加 increases, and thus, the light-emitting diodes 12 are close to each other. The portion will be the brightest, and the portion away from the light-emitting diodes 12 will be darker. Although the dots or ribs on the light guide plate can cause light to refract in the traveling light, and increase the distance The brightness of the part, but for the part adjacent to the light-emitting diode 12, local bright spots (hot sp〇ts) or bright lines are still generated because the brightness is significantly brighter, and this problem will be caused by The area (or side length) of the light guide plate 加大 is increased, or the number of use is reduced due to the use of the high-power light-emitting diode 丨 2, resulting in an increase in the pitch of the adjacent light-emitting diodes i 2 , making the bright spot or the 201142386 bright line The situation is getting worse. As shown in Annex 丨, 2, after simulation calculation, the brightness of the bright line or bright spot can be up to 3 times higher than the average brightness. In other words, the uniformity is only about 30%. In order to improve the influence of the hot spots or the bright lines, a border (not shown) is generally covered on the side of the light guide plate to block the hot spots, but the border is The setting not only reduces the light-emitting area of the light guide plate 11, but also reduces the utilization rate of the light source, which is quite inconsistent with economic benefits. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a light guide plate which can effectively improve the uniformity and amplify the illumination area. Thus, the light guide plate of the present invention comprises a body, a plurality of grooves, a plurality of first microstructure groups' and a plurality of second microstructure groups. The body has m formed in a table, and a light incident surface formed on one side and facing the light emitting diodes. The grooves are formed in the body, and a human light channel is defined adjacent to the light incident surface and the light incident surface. The __microstructure groups are disposed on the light incident surface and are respectively opposite to the light emitting diodes for expanding the incident light angle to allow incident light to enter the light entrance channel. The second microstructure groups are disposed in the grooves for destroying the total reflection path of the incident light in the human light channel, and guiding the incident light toward the body. The effect of the present invention is to disperse the incident light with the first microstructure group, and to do so. . The s-history of the grooves such as the sea makes the light evenly distributed, successfully overcoming the uneven brightness of the direct view and the hot spots of the conventional light, so that the light guide plate produces a uniform surface light source, thereby amplifying the illumination area. The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the accompanying drawings. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, a preferred embodiment of the light guide plate of the present invention uses a plurality of light-emitting diodes 2 as a light source. The light guide plate comprises a __body 3, a number of grooves 4, a number of first microstructure groups 5, and a second number of microstructure groups 6 (Fig. 6).
參閱圖2、圖3’及圖4,該本體3具有形成在一表面 的出光面31、形成在另一表面且反向於該出光面31的一 折光面32、形成在—側且面向該等發光二極體2的一入光 面33，及形成在該折光面32的多數微結構34 ^ 。亥等凹槽4形成在邊本體3内，且鄰近該人光面^而 與該入光面33間界定有—人光通道％，並具有鄰接該入光 通道30且面向該本體3的一槽壁41。 該等第-微結構群5佈設在該入光面33且分別相對該 等發光二極體2,並分別具有呈v形且朝向料發光二極體 2的數微結構5卜料微結f 51分卿成有排列在中間部 位且正對該發光二極體2的—主結構區5u，及排列在該主 結構區5ia二側的二副結構區51b。該主結構區…内的微 結構51角度θΐ界於90、140。’在本較佳實施例中是以12〇。 為例》該等副結構區51b内的微結 巧反h界於 10。〜160〇。 參閱圖3、圖5，及圖6’該等第二微結構群6分別佈 設在該等凹槽4的槽壁㈣，並分別具有數微結構μ。該 201142386 等微結構61分別以緊抵的排列方式形成有位於該槽壁4丄 中間的一高密度區61a，及以疏散的排列方式形成有位於該 高密度區61a二側且鄰近該發光二極體2的二低密度區6讣 。該等微結構61可以是凸部、凹部及此等之一組合，且造 型可以是V型、梯型、半圓型、網點及此等之一組合。 參閱圖3、圖4,及圖5、圖6，當該等發光二極體2 朝該入光面33面發光時，作用於該等第一微結構群5的部 分入射光，會分別朝該發光二極體2的二側發散，且由於 該主結構區51 a與該副結構區5 1 b特殊的角度設計，可以使 該發光二極體2正前方與前方的入射光往二側擴張入射角 度，進入該入光通道30内，藉此，不但可以降低該等發光 二極體2正前方的光通量密度’且能進一步導引該等發光 一極體2間也就是每一發光二極體2二側的光通量。 此時’進入該入光通道30的入射光，會依據全反射現 象在該入光通道30内行進，且該等微結構61會改變光的 行進路徑，而破壞原本的全反射路徑，使入射光通過該等 凹槽4後朝該本體2發散。值得一提的是，由於該光通道 30左、右二側為入光區’因此，可以使該等微結構61呈疏 散排列，形成低密度區61b，再隨著入光距離提升而形成高 密度區61a ’使整個光通道30所散射出的光線趨於一致， 藉此，可以加強相鄰發光二極體2間的光輝度，使該等發 光二極體2正前方及二側的入光面33具有趨於一致的輝度 〇 最後，進入該本體3的入射光同樣會在該本體3依據 201142386 全反射現象行進，且該等微結構34會改變光、 而破壞原本的全反射路徑，使入射光 面進路k， 形成面光源。 *九面31發散， :閱附件3,可以由入光照度圖及橫向照度剖線圖中明 頁看出，一般導光板會在入光處產生亮點，均句产約 16%，當前述導光板加入該等第一微結構群$後^意有 情況已有改善，均勻度可遠47 9/，矣 i λ 的 度了違47%，右再加入該等第二微紝Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 3' and FIG. 4, the body 3 has a light-emitting surface 31 formed on a surface, a light-receiving surface 32 formed on the other surface and opposite to the light-emitting surface 31, formed on the side and facing A light incident surface 33 of the light-emitting diode 2, and a plurality of microstructures 34^ formed on the light-receiving surface 32. A groove 4 such as a ridge is formed in the side body 3, and is adjacent to the human light surface and defines a human light passage % between the light incident surface 33 and has a side adjacent to the light entrance passage 30 and facing the body 3 Slot wall 41. The first micro-structure group 5 is disposed on the light-incident surface 33 and opposite to the light-emitting diodes 2, respectively, and has a micro-structure 5 in a v-shape and facing the light-emitting diode 2 The sub-structures 5u are arranged in the middle portion and are adjacent to the light-emitting diode 2, and the second sub-structures 51b are arranged on both sides of the main structure region 5ia. The microstructure 51 in the main structural region... has an angle θ bounded at 90, 140. In the preferred embodiment, it is 12 inches. For example, the micro-integration in the sub-structured area 51b is inversely bounded by 10. ~160〇. Referring to Figures 3, 5, and 6', the second microstructure groups 6 are disposed on the groove walls (4) of the grooves 4, respectively, and have a plurality of microstructures μ, respectively. The microstructures 61 such as 201142386 are respectively formed in a tightly arranged manner with a high-density region 61a located in the middle of the groove wall 4丄, and are formed in an evacuated arrangement on both sides of the high-density region 61a and adjacent to the light-emitting two The two low density regions of the polar body 2 are 6 讣. The microstructures 61 can be a combination of protrusions, recesses, and the like, and can be formed as a V-type, a ladder, a semi-circular, a dot, and a combination thereof. Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, when the light-emitting diodes 2 emit light toward the light-incident surface 33, part of the incident light acting on the first microstructure groups 5 will be directed toward The two sides of the light-emitting diode 2 are diverged, and due to the special angle design of the main structure region 51 a and the sub-structure region 5 1 b, the front side and the front incident light of the light-emitting diode 2 can be made to two sides. Expanding the incident angle and entering the light entrance channel 30, thereby not only reducing the luminous flux density in front of the light-emitting diodes 2 but also guiding the light-emitting diodes 2, that is, each of the light-emitting diodes Luminous flux on the two sides of the polar body 2. At this time, the incident light entering the light entrance channel 30 will travel in the light entrance channel 30 according to the total reflection phenomenon, and the microstructures 61 will change the traveling path of the light, thereby destroying the original total reflection path and making the incident Light passes through the grooves 4 and diverge toward the body 2. It is worth mentioning that since the left and right sides of the optical channel 30 are the light-in areas, the microstructures 61 can be arranged in an evacuated manner to form a low-density region 61b, which is then formed as the light-in distance increases. The density region 61a' converges the light scattered by the entire optical channel 30, thereby enhancing the luminance between the adjacent light-emitting diodes 2, so that the light-emitting diodes 2 are directly in front and on both sides. The smooth surface 33 has a uniform brightness 〇 Finally, the incident light entering the body 3 also travels in the body 3 according to the 201142386 total reflection phenomenon, and the microstructures 34 change the light and destroy the original total reflection path. The incident light surface is introduced into the path k to form a surface light source. * Nine-sided 31 divergence, : Read attachment 3, can be seen from the illumination page and the lateral illumination section line diagram, the general light guide plate will produce bright spots at the entrance light, the average sentence yield is about 16%, when the above-mentioned light guide plate After adding the first microstructure group $, the situation has been improved, the uniformity can be far away from 47 9/, the degree of 矣i λ is 47%, and the second is added to the right.
構群6及該等凹槽4，可以使發光效果更理想，均勻度可高 達62%，相較於先前技術輝度均勻度約16%〜47。/。，明顯提 升了 15%以上，不但可以使亮點情況大幅改善更可增加 導光板的可利用面積。 曰σ 值得一提的是，由於前述導光板2的亮點情況已大幅 改善，因此，可以有效提升輝度均勻度’使本發明能夠2 用在照明燈具，而能成功達到消除眩光，及提升直視輝度 舒適性的目標。 據上所述可知，本發明之導光板具有下列優點及功效 1. 本發明是以該等第一微結構群5擴張入射光的入射角 度，並配合該等凹槽4與該等第二微結構群6的設置，使 光線均勻分佈’不但可以使明、暗差異性減至最小，有效 降低亮點或亮線的情形，且能使整體在光輝度方面產生均 質化的視覺效果。 2. 依據前述’本發明可以成功克服直視輝度不均勻及傳 統入光亮點（hot spots)的現象，使整片導光板2產生較均勻 201142386 的面光源，並可以減少覆蓋杏破择而接 说盈-JC 4搞面積，進而能擴增可利 用面積，使本發明更具有產業利用性。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一頂視圖，說明一般的發光模組； 圖2是一頂視圖，說明本發明一導光板的一較佳實施 例； 圖3是該較佳實施例的一正視圖； 圖4是該較佳實施例中一第一微結構群的一佈設示意 圖； 圖5是該較佳實施例中一第二微結構群的一佈設示意 圖；及 圖6是該較佳實施例導引入射光的一局部放大圖。 附件1 : 一般發光模組的照度圖； 附件2 :前述附件1的橫向照度剖線圖；及 附件3 :—般導光板、導光板加入第一微結構群，及導 光板加入第一微結構群、第二微結構群與凹 槽的入光處照度圖與橫向照度剖線圖。 201142386 【主要元件符號說明】 2…… •…發光二極體 5…… •…第一微結構群 3…… •…本體 51 ··.·. •…微結構 30.·.·· —光通道 51a… 主結構£ 31.··· •…出光面 51b… 副結構£ 32.··.· •…折光面 6 ....... •…第二微結構群 33·.·_ -----入光面 61 ···.. •…微結構 34··.·· •…微結構 61a — 问·^度£ 4…… …·凹槽 61b… •…低密度區 41···.. …·槽壁The composition 6 and the grooves 4 can make the illuminating effect more ideal, and the uniformity can be as high as 62%, which is about 16% to 47 compared with the prior art luminance uniformity. /. , obviously increased by more than 15%, not only can greatly improve the bright spot situation, but also increase the available area of the light guide plate.曰σ It is worth mentioning that since the bright spot of the light guide plate 2 has been greatly improved, the brightness uniformity can be effectively improved, so that the present invention can be used in a lighting fixture, and the glare can be successfully achieved, and the direct brightness can be improved. The goal of comfort. According to the above description, the light guide plate of the present invention has the following advantages and effects: 1. The present invention is to expand the incident angle of incident light by the first microstructure group 5, and cooperate with the grooves 4 and the second micro The arrangement of the structure group 6 makes the light evenly distributed' not only minimizes the difference between light and dark, but also effectively reduces the situation of bright spots or bright lines, and can make the overall visual effect of homogenization in terms of brightness. 2. According to the foregoing invention, the invention can successfully overcome the phenomenon of direct brightness unevenness and traditional hot spots, so that the whole light guide plate 2 produces a relatively uniform surface light source of 201142386, and can reduce the coverage of apricots. Ying-JC 4 engages in area, which in turn expands the available area, making the invention more industrially usable. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a top view showing a general lighting module; FIG. 2 is a top view showing a preferred embodiment of a light guiding plate of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a view of the preferred embodiment. 4 is a schematic view of a first microstructure group in the preferred embodiment; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second microstructure group in the preferred embodiment; and FIG. 6 is a preferred embodiment. The embodiment directs a partial enlarged view of the incident light. Attachment 1: illuminance diagram of general lighting module; Annex 2: transverse illumination line drawing of Annex 1; and Annex 3: General light guide plate, light guide plate added to the first microstructure group, and light guide plate added to the first microstructure The illuminance map and the lateral illuminance line diagram of the group, the second microstructure group and the groove. 201142386 [Description of main component symbols] 2... •...Lighting diode 5... •...First microstructure group 3... •... Body 51 ····.....Microstructure 30.·.··—Light Channel 51a... Main structure £ 31.··· •...light surface 51b...Substructure £ 32.···· •...Fracture surface 6 ....... •...Second microstructure group 33·.·_ -----Into the light surface 61 ···.. •...Microstructure 34·····•...Microstructure 61a — Q·^ degree £4... ...·groove 61b... •...low density area 41 ···.. ...·Slot wall