201137225 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種動力總成及其應用；特定言之，係關於一種 包含一氫氣產生器之動力總成及使用該動力總成之動力車輛。 【先前技術】 習知内含内燃機之動力裝置，所使用之燃料主要為石油燃料（如 汽油或是柴油 > 於該動力裝置中，係先將石油燃料化為油氣，再 將該油氣和空氣以一定的比例混合之後導入内燃機中，之後以爆 炸燃燒的方式，將石油燃料的化學能轉變成動能，藉以推動傳動 裝置’進而帶動整體機構；而石油燃料在燃燒之後會形成包含有 二氧化碳及其他碳氫氧化合物的廢氣排出。 然而’在爆炸燃燒的時候，往往由於燃燒不完全而導致能源轉 換效率不佳，造成燃料的浪費；而且燃燒效率越低，所排出廢氣 中的有害物質濃度就越高。因此，如何提升内燃機運轉時的燃燒 效率及降低有害物質的排放量，實為一亟待解決之課題。 由於氫氣具有燃燒能低及燃燒速度快等特性，目前已有許多關 於氫氣辅助燃燒之引擎系統的研究，於内燃機中導入氫氣，提升 内燃機的燃燒效率，進而節省内燃機之石油燃料的使用量。 於 Georgios Pechlivanoglou 之「Hydrogen Enhanced Combustion-201137225 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a powertrain and its application; in particular, to a powertrain including a hydrogen generator and a power vehicle using the powertrain . [Prior Art] Conventionally, a power plant containing an internal combustion engine is mainly used for petroleum fuel (such as gasoline or diesel). In the power plant, the petroleum is first converted into oil and gas, and then the oil and gas are used. After being mixed in a certain proportion, it is introduced into the internal combustion engine, and then the chemical energy of the petroleum fuel is converted into kinetic energy by explosive combustion, thereby pushing the transmission device to drive the whole mechanism; and the petroleum fuel will form carbon dioxide and other after combustion. The exhaust gas of carbon oxyhydroxide is discharged. However, when the explosion is burned, the energy conversion efficiency is often poor due to incomplete combustion, resulting in waste of fuel; and the lower the combustion efficiency, the higher the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas. Therefore, how to improve the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine and reduce the emission of harmful substances is a problem to be solved. Because hydrogen has low combustion energy and fast burning speed, there are many hydrogen-assisted combustion. Research on engine systems, introducing hydrogen into internal combustion engines, upgrading The combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine, which in turn saves the amount of petroleum fuel used in the internal combustion engine. In Georgios Pechlivanoglou, "Hydrogen Enhanced Combustion-
History, applications & Hydrogen plasma reforming」 一文中 ，係揭 露一種氫氣輔助燃燒引擎系統，其係使用一電漿重組器來提供所 需之氫氣。然而’電漿重組器不僅本身價格昂貴且必須消耗燃料 201137225 來提供產生電漿所需之電力，且其氫氣轉化效果亦不佳。另一種 習知氫氣輔助燃燒引擎系統，係透過一電解裝置來電解水，以產 生氫氣及氧氣之混合物（其中氫氣及氧氣之莫耳比例為2 : 1，稱 為「布朗氣體（Brown gas)」），惟此種混合氣體具有高度爆炸性， 於如引擎室等高溫環境中極具危險性。此外，以水電解供氫之方 法同樣須消耗相當量的電力，故用於氫氣輔助燃燒引擎系統中 時，亦必須消耗燃料來提供電解水所需之電力。 本發明提供一種動力總成，其係藉由一透過重組反應產氫之氫 ^ 氣產生器來提供氫氣，輔助内燃機之燃燒，從而提高引擎效能並 減少廢氣中所含之有害污染物質。本發明動力總成之氫氣產生器 之體積小，甚至可利用引擎燃燒所產生之廢熱來提供產生氳氣之 重組反應所需的熱，有效利用能源。 【發明内容】 本發明之一目的，在於提供一種動力總成，其包含一内燃機、 一燃料供給裝置及一氫氣產生器，該氫氣產生器包含： # 一重組觸媒； 一實質上由一第一介質所構成之重組區，容置該重組觸媒， 供一產氫原料進行蒸氣重組反應以產生氫氣；以及 一實質上由該第一介質所構成之預熱區， 其中，該燃料供給裝置所提供之燃料及該氫氣產生器之產物係供 給至該内燃機内燃燒以產生動力；且其中，於該氫氣產生器中， 該重組區與該預熱區之安置，係使得該產氫原料先於該預熱區預 熱，接著於該重組區進行蒸氣重組反應，以及該重組區及該預熱 201137225 區之間係存在該第一介質，且相隔一至少約0.5毫米之最短距離， 該第一介質之熱傳導係數（K)為至少約60W/m-K。 本發明之另一目的，在於提供一種動力車輛，其具有上述動力 總成。 為讓本發明之上述目的、技術特徵及優點能更明顯易懂，下文 係以部分具體實施態樣進行詳細說明。 【實施方式】 以下將具體地描述根據本發明之部分具體實施態樣；惟，在不 背離本發明之精神下，本發明尚可以多種不同形式之態樣來實 踐，不應將本發明保護範圍解釋為限制於說明書所陳述之特定態 樣。且為說明之目的，圖式中可能誇示各元件及區域的尺寸，而 未按照實際比例繪示。此外，下文所指「平行」並非僅限於絕對 平行的情形，在不影響本發明效能之前提下，亦可包括非絕對平 行的態樣。 本發明之動力總成係一氫氣輔助内燃機系統，且係透過氫氣產 生器之設置來提供氫氣，提高内燃機之燃燒效能。該動力總成係 包含一内燃機、一燃料供給裝置及一氩氣產生器。該氫氣產生器 包含：一重組觸媒；一實質上由一第一介質所構成之重組區，容 置該重組觸媒，供一產氫原料進行蒸氣重組反應以產生氫氣；以 及一實質上由該第一介質所構成之預熱區。該燃料供給裝置所提 供之燃料及該氫氣產生器之產物係供給至該内燃機内燃燒以產生 動力。且於該氫氣產生器中，該重組區與該預熱區之安置，係使 得該產氫原料先於該預熱區預熱，接著於該重組區進行蒸氣重組 201137225 反應（如甲醇重組反應），以及該重組區及該預熱區之間係存在 該第一介質，且相隔一至少約0.5毫米之最短距離，該第一介質之 熱傳導係數（K)為至少約60W/m-K。 - 參考第1圖’顯示本發明動力總成之一實施態樣的示意圖。如 第1圖所示，動力總成1包含一内燃機11、燃料供給裝置131、 進料官133、氫氣產生器151、輸氫氣管153、空氣濾清器171、 進氣管173及一產氫原料供給裝置ι9<5產氫原料供給裝置a係提 0 供產氫原料予氫氣產生器151進行蒸氣重組反應，氫氣產生器151 所產生之產物（含氫混合氣體），經由輸氣管153導入進氣管173， 並與經空氣濾清器171導入之空氣混合，隨後經由進氣管173導 入内燃機，燃料供給裝置131所提供之燃料（如汽油、柴油），經 由進料管133導入内燃機n内燃燒以產生動力，透過氫氣產生器 151所提供之含氫混合氣體以輔助内燃機ui内之燃料的燃燒，從 而知:尚内燃機效能並減少廢氣中所含之有害污染物質。其中，燃 料供給裝置131所供給之燃料可為任何合宜之燃料，如汽油、液 • 化石油氣或其組合。内燃機Η可為任何合宜之引擎，如汽油引擎、 液化石油氣引擎、柴油引擎等。燃料供給裝s 131可為任何合宜 之燃料供給設備，舉例言之，燃料供給裝置131可由一油箱一 化油器&冑子喷射系統所構成。產氮原料供給裝置可 為任何可達供給產氫原料目的之合宜設備，刊如由—栗及一產 氫原料儲存桶所構成。 根據氫氣重組反應領域通常知識者之一般認知，為避免氣氣產 生器内重㈣之溫度分布科，料錢行重域應時存在冷區 201137225 及熱區，影響蒸氣重組反應之效能，在相同反應器尺寸下，應盡 可能提高反應器的表面積，以提高反應效能並使得熱能得以較高 的速度傳遞至重組區；且應盡可能提高重組區及其觸媒床的表面 積，以使得重組區能快速接收所傳遞來之熱量並提高重組反應效 能，供活化重組觸媒及促使產氫原料進行蒸氣重組反應，獲致較 佳的反應效能。為盡可能的增加表面積及反應效能，常用的方式 是將觸媒裝填於小孔徑的管道中，以縮短觸媒顆粒與管壁的距 離，同時增加管壁的面積以增大熱能傳遞的面積。 然而，本案發明人經不斷研究發現，單純增加反應器及觸媒床 (即重組區）之表面積，並無法如預期般地獲得理想的改良效果， 必須同時提升反應設備材料的熱傳導係數，方能在反應設備體内 得到所欲的熱傳遞速度。為獲致最佳之熱傳效能，於本發明動力 總成之氫氣產生器中，各區之間應存在第一介質（即，各區之間 係透過該第一介質而連接）且相隔至少約0.5毫米之最短距離，較 佳相隔至少約1.0毫米之最短距離。該第一介質的熱傳導係數（K) 為至少約60W/m-K，較佳為至少約100W/m-K，尤以至少約 200W/m-K為佳。若各區間之最短距離小於0.5毫米，則易因各區 間缺乏足夠的高熱傳導係數媒介，而降低整體熱傳效能，進而影 響氬氣產率。 於本發明動力總成中，可直接利用鄰近發熱體（如電子元件、 引擎）所產生之廢熱，以提供氫氣產生器之重組區及預熱區所需 之熱。亦可視需要於氫氣產生器中含有一熱源，以提供熱量給重 組區及預熱區。該熱源並無特殊限制，可例如選自以下群組：燃 201137225 燒器、加熱帶、電加熱器、觸媒加熱器及前述之組合。 該熱源可位於氫氣產生器外部，或併含於氫氣產生器中。例如， 當以加熱帶為熱源時，可將該加熱帶纏繞於重組區及預熱區外 部，提供該二區所需之熱。又例如，可於氫氣產生器中包含一加 熱區，將該熱源（如：電加熱器）容納於該加熱區内，以提供熱 量。再例如，可於該加熱區中進行一放熱反應，以經由該放熱反 應所釋出之熱來提供熱量給重組區及預熱區。視需要地，可合併 使用回收自内燃機運轉時所產生的廢熱，提供重組區與預熱區所 需熱之至少一部分。 於本發明一實施態樣中，係於該加熱區中進行放熱氧化反應（此 時該加熱區又稱為氧化區），提供熱量給重組區與預熱區。其中， 該重組區、該氧化區及該預熱區中之任兩者之間均存在該第一介 質（即，各該區之間係透過該第一介質而連接），且相隔至少約 0.5毫米之最短距離。視需要地，可於該氧化區内存在一第一氧化 觸媒，以催化所欲之放熱氧化反應。 於不受理論限制之前提下，該第一介質可為任何熱傳導係數（K) 不小於約60W/m-K之金屬，例如可採用選自以下群組之至少一者 為該第一介質：銘、銘合金、銅、銅合金及石墨，較佳係選用銘 合金或銅合金（如黃銅及白銅（Ni/Cu))，惟應確認第一介質之軟 化點係高於氫氣產生器各區之溫度。 可用於本發明之產氫原料可為任何常用於進行重組反應製造氫 氣之物質，例如選自以下群組：C!至C12碳氳化合物、Ct至C12 醇類及前述之組合。於本發明之一實施態樣中，係於重組區採用 201137225 甲醇來進行蒸氣重組反應，於氧化區中進行曱醇氧化反應（以經 氮化硼改質之鉑觸媒（Pt-hBN/Al203，即PBN)催化），且選用 軟化點550°C以上的鋁合金（如A1-606卜熱傳係數約180W/m-K) 作為氫氣產生器之第一介質。此外，亦可利用内燃機運作時所產 生之廢熱，提供蒸氣重組反應所需之熱量，相較於習知使用電漿 或電解水產氫之方式，不僅更為簡易、安全且更加經濟。 可用於本發明之重組觸媒並無特殊限制，視重組區所進行之重 組反應而定。舉例言之，當於重組區進行曱醇蒸氣重組反應時， 可採用選自以下群組之觸媒作為重組觸媒··銅辞觸媒 (Cu0Zn0/Al203)、鉑觸媒（Pt/Al203)、鈀觸媒（Pd/Al203)及 前述之組合。 於使用一氧化區作為熱源提供熱給重組區及預熱區之態樣中， 視該氧化區所進行之氧化反應，可選用合宜之第一氧化觸媒。舉 例言之，當於氧化區進行曱醇氧化反應以提供重組區所需之全部 或一部分熱能時，可使用選自以下群組之第一氧化觸媒：鉑觸媒 (Pt/Al203)、鈀觸媒（Pd/Al203)、鉑鈷觸媒（Pt-Co/Al203)、 經氮化硼改質的鉑觸媒（Pt-hBN/Al203 ( PBN ))或鉑鈷觸媒 (Pt-Co-hBN/Al203 )、及前述之組合。於本發明之部分實施態樣 中，係以PBN作為第一氧化觸媒，催化甲醇氧化反應，以提供重 組反應所需之熱能。 於本發明動力總成之SL氣產生器中，重組區及預熱區係各自由 一或多個實質上相互平行之孔道所構成，當由二或多個孔道構成 時，各該區内之任一孔道至少與同區内之另一孔道相通，且該氫 10 201137225 氣產生器之各該孔道之間係存在該第—介f，魏此相隔至少約 〇.5毫米之最短距離。當於氫氣產生器内設置一氧化區作為熱源 時’該氧化區與重組區及預熱區之設置，同樣符合上述原則，亦 即，該重組區、該氧化區及該預熱區各自由一或多個實質上相互 平行之孔道所構成，當由二或多個孔道構成時，各該區内之任一 孔道至少與同區内之另-孔道相通，且各該孔道之間係存在該第 一介質，且彼此相隔至少約〇·5毫米之最短距離。 參考第2圖，顯示本發明動力總成之氫氣產生器之一實施態樣 的剖面示意®，第2圖所示，氫氣產生器2係包含由第一介質 所構成之預熱區24及重組區26，以及填於重組區26内之重組觸 媒（未繪示）。預熱區24係由3個相互平行之相通孔道所構成， 包含一預熱區入口 241及一預熱區出口 243 ;以及重組區26係由 12個貫質上相互平行之孔道所構成，包含一重組區入口 261及一 重組區出口 263。各該區内之任一孔道至少與同區内之另一孔道相 通，且同區内之入口及出口不相連通。為不影響氫氣產生器2之 • 熱傳效果，各孔道間彼此相隔至少約0.5毫米之最短距離a、較佳 至少約1.0毫米。 根據本發明，氫氣產生器之外形並無特殊限制，可視安置位置、 熱源供應方式等條件，選擇任何合宜之幾何形狀，如矩形薄片 形、圓型等。同樣地’氫氣產生器之孔道截面形狀亦無特殊限制， 可各自獨立為任何幾何形狀（如圓形、以圓形組合而成的規則形 狀或夕邊形），舉例言之，為改良重組反應效能，可如第2a、2b 及2c圖所示替換第2圖之氫氣產生器之圓形孔道，以縮短孔道壁 201137225 與觸媒顆粒之距離（尤其是位於孔道中心之觸媒顆粒），同時辦 加孔道壁之表面積，從而提高熱傳效率。此外，亦可於預熱區2二 之孔道中填充由第-介質所構成之顆粒’該顆粒之粒徑並無特殊 限制，可例如選用粒徑約孔道直徑1/4之顆粒，提高預熱區^之 熱傳效率。 當於本發明動力總成使用如第2圖所示之氮氣產生器2時可 藉由氫氣產生n外部（即關環境）所產生之廢熱 24及重組區26所需之熱量。舉例言之，可將氫氣產生器2具= 面積之一面（即朝讀者方向延伸出來之上下表面之一者）直接附 # 著於内燃機機壁表面。於蒸氣重組反應進行時，產氫原料與水（或 水蒸氣）混合並自預熱區入口 241導入預熱區24中，經由第—介 質之傳導而接受來自内燃機機壁之熱量以進行預熱，其後，經預 熱後的氣態或大部分為氣態的產氫原料及水蒸氣混合物由預熱區 出口 243離開預熱區24，並自重組區入口 261進入重組區26中， 且於重組區26之孔道中行進並藉由重組觸媒之催化而充分進行 (甲醇）蒸氣重組反應，最後，自重組區出口 263獲得富含氫氣 之混合氣體。該含氫氣之混合氣體可直接導入内燃機輔助燃燒。 · 第3圖顯示本發明動力總成之氫氣產生器之另一實施態樣的剖 面示意圖。於第3圖中’氫氣產生器3係包含一加熱區32、一預 熱區34及一重組區36。加熱區32由單一孔道所構成；預熱區34 由3個貫質上相互平行之相通孔道所構成，包含一預熱區入口 j 及一預熱區出口 343;以及重組區36係由12個實質上相互平行之 孔道所構成’包含一重組區入口 361及一重組區出口 363。於預熱 12 201137225 區34與重組區36中’各區内之任一孔道至少與同區内之另一孔 道相通，且同區内之入口及出口不相連通。同樣地，為不影響氫 氣產生器3之熱傳效果，各孔道間係彼此相隔一至少約〇5毫米、 較佳至少約Μ毫米之最短距離a，且重組區％内填有重組觸媒 (未繪示）。加熱區32係用以容置氫氣產生器3所需之熱源。例 如可藉由將周圍環境所產生之廢熱導入加熱區32之孔道，以提供 蒸氣重組反應所需之熱量，或可於加熱區中容置—電加熱器來提 _㈣熱源。或者’亦可於加熱區32内填充—第—氧化觸媒，形成 一氧化區。於蒸氣重組反應進行時，將可受第一氧化觸媒氧化並 釋放出熱量的原料通入加熱區32進行放熱氧化反應，以提供預熱 區14及重組區16所需之熱量。例如可將部份供蒸氣重組反應使 用之產氫原料（如曱醇）混合空氣，自加熱區32之孔道之一端導 入加熱區32以進行放熱氧化反應，所產生的熱量經由位於氮氣產 生器3各區之間的第—介質傳導到其他區域，過量的熱量則由加 熱區32之孔道的另一端排出。 φ 於本發明動力總成之氫氣產生器中，各出入口之連通方式並無 特殊限制，舉例言之，可使㈣成氫氣產生H之第-介質或其他 材質所製成之管路相連。 為更具體說明本發明孔道間之關係，續參考第2圖，其係例示 ^說明重組區26中之混合氣體流向，其巾鱗示之制係表示氫 氣產生器2之重組區26中的混合氣體流向，實線箭頭表示兩孔道 系於圖不之氫氣產生器2中接近讀者之-端相連通’虛線箭頭則 表不兩孔道係於另-端（即遠離讀者之-端） 相連通。 13 201137225 本發明另提供一種動力車輛，其具有前述動力總成。於本發明 之一實施態樣中係於市售本田（HONDA)汽車之CITY車款中使 用上述氫氣產生器，並使用一電熱器作為熱源。 茲以下列具體實施態樣以進一步例示說明本發明。 實施例1 :動力總成之組裝 於本田汽車（車款：CITY ;排氣量：1300 CC)之引擎系統中安 裝如第3圖所示之氫氣產生器3,完成本發明之動力總成。其中係 使用鋁合金（A1-6061 )作為氫氣產生器3中之第一介質，氫氣產 生器3係安裝於空氣濾清器之下游管路約50毫米處（安裝方式請 參考第1圖），且係透過於加熱區32插入一電加熱器（電加熱功 率為300瓦特）提供氩氣產生器3所需之熱量。氫氣產生器3之 長度約180毫米、寬度（遠離讀者之方向）約100毫米且厚度約 19毫米，且各孔道間之最短距離a約1.5毫米。預熱區34之3個 孔道、重組區36之12個孔道及加熱區32之單一孔道的直徑均為 約13毫米，且預熱區34之孔道内填充直徑約4毫米之鋁合金顆 粒，重組區36之孔道内填充約160公克的重組觸媒JM-51。 首先，在汽車引擎啟動後，藉由汽車電瓶之電力運作電加熱器 以升高氫氣產生器3之温度，隨後，液態曱醇及水分別以約2.4 公克/分鐘及1.5公克/分鐘之速率自預熱區入口 341導入預熱區 34，使得其於預熱區34之孔道行進過程中受熱氣化，最後由預熱 區出口 343離開預熱區34並自重組區入口 361進入重組區36之 孔道中，並於行進過程中與重組觸媒JM-51進行蒸氣重組反應， 所獲得之含氫氣混合氣體最後自重組區出口 363排出並導入空氣 201137225 濾清器下游管路約50毫米處，與空氣一起送入内燃機内進行爆炸 燃燒產生動力。 實施例2 :路跑測試 測試條件： 天氣狀況：晴天 測試路程：於林口及蘇澳間折返一趟，共190.4公里 油料：95無鉛汽油 ^ 導入内燃機之含氫氣混合氣體流量：13公升/分鐘 測試方式. .- 先將汽車油箱加滿後，於上述條件下，進行林口及蘇澳間之 折返，返回起點後將油箱再次加滿，測量所消耗之燃料公升 數，以此計算油耗並將結果紀錄於表1。 比較例3 :路跑測試 在與實施例2相同條件下，進行路跑測試，惟不將氫氣產生器3 產生之含氫氣混合氣體導入内燃機中，僅單純以95無鉛汽油作為 内燃機之燃料，計算油耗並將結果紀錄於表1。 表1 實施例2 比較例3 里程（公里） 190.4 190.4 耗油量（公升） 9.63 11.31 由表1中實施例2及比較例3之結果可知，本發明之動力總成 15 201137225 (實施例2)相較於傳統内燃機引擎系統（比較例3)，由於導入 氫氣輔助燃燒，因此油耗係明顯減少約14.8%。 實施例4 :排氣測試 使用實施例1之動力總成，在導入内燃機之含氫氣混合氣體流 量為7公升/分鐘之條件下，將引擎轉速保持在2500轉/分鐘。量 測排氣管排放之尾氣中的一氧化碳濃度並紀錄於表2。 實施例5 :排氣測試 在與實施例4相同條件下，進行排氣測試，惟導入内燃機之含 · 氩氣混合氣體流量為13公升/分鐘。量測排氣管排放之尾氣中的一 氧化碳濃度並紀錄於表2。 比較例6 :排氣測試 在與實施例4相同條件下，進行排氣測試，惟不將氫氣產生器3 產生之含氩氣混合氣體導入内燃機中，僅單純以95無鉛汽油作為 内燃機之燃料。量測排氣管排放之尾氣中的一氧化碳濃度並紀錄 於表2。 · 表2 實施例4 實施例5 比較例6 一氧化碳濃度 (ppm) 0 100 1300 由表2中實施例4、實施例5及比較例6之結果可知，本發明之 動力總成（實施例4及5)相較於傳統内燃機引擎系統（比較例6)， 16 201137225 由於導入氫氣輔助燃燒，因此所排放之尾氣中，一氧化碳濃度明 顯下降。此一結果顯示，氫氣的添加確實可使引擎的燃燒效率更 趨完全。 综上所述，本發明之動力總成藉由一透過重組反應產氳之氫氣 產生器提供含氫氣體，輔助内燃機之燃燒，能明顯提高爆炸燃燒 效能。所設置之氫氣產生器體積小、視安裝需要可為任何幾何形 狀，在使用上更為便利，且僅需簡單提供一熱源即可達到進行重 組反應產製氫氣之目的，尤其可直接利用例如引擎室内的廢熱或 ® 排氣管排放之高溫尾氣中的熱量，提高整體熱效率，更為經濟且 環保。 上述實施例僅為例示性說明本發明之原理及其功效，並闡述本 發明之技術特徵，而非用於限制本發明之保護範疇。任何熟悉本 技術者在不違背本發明之技術原理及精神下，可輕易完成之改變 或安排，均屬本發明所主張之範圍。因此，本發明之權利保護範 圍係如後附申請專利範圍所列。 • 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明之動力總成之一實施態樣的剖面圖； 第2圖係本發明動力總成之氫氣產生器之一實施態樣的剖面 圖；以及 第3圖係本發明動力總成之氫氣產生器之另一實施態樣的剖面 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 17 201137225 動力總成 11 内燃機 131 燃料供給裝置 133 進料管 151,2,3 氫氣產生器 153 輸氣管 171 空氣濾·清器 173 進氣管 19 產氫原料供給裝置 24,34 預熱區 241,341 預熱區入口 243,343 預熱區出口 26,36 重組區 261,361 重組區入口 263,363 重組區出口 32 加熱區In the article History, applications & Hydrogen plasma reforming, a hydrogen assisted combustion engine system is disclosed which uses a plasma recombiner to provide the required hydrogen. However, the plasma recombiner is not only expensive but also consumes fuel 201137225 to provide the electricity needed to generate plasma, and its hydrogen conversion effect is also poor. Another conventional hydrogen assisted combustion engine system uses an electrolysis device to electrolyze water to produce a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen (wherein the molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2:1, called "Brown gas". However, such a mixed gas is highly explosive and is extremely dangerous in a high temperature environment such as an engine room. In addition, the method of hydrogen supply by water also consumes a considerable amount of electricity, so when used in a hydrogen assisted combustion engine system, fuel must also be consumed to provide the electricity required to electrolyze the water. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a powertrain that provides hydrogen by assisting combustion of an internal combustion engine by a hydrogen gas generator that produces hydrogen through a recombination reaction, thereby improving engine efficiency and reducing harmful pollutants contained in the exhaust gas. The hydrogen generator of the powertrain of the present invention has a small volume, and can even utilize the waste heat generated by the combustion of the engine to provide the heat required for the recombination reaction for generating helium, and to utilize the energy efficiently. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a powertrain including an internal combustion engine, a fuel supply device, and a hydrogen generator, the hydrogen generator comprising: #一recombination catalyst; a recombination zone formed by a medium, the recombination catalyst is contained, a hydrogen production raw material is subjected to a steam recombination reaction to generate hydrogen; and a preheating zone substantially composed of the first medium, wherein the fuel supply device The supplied fuel and the product of the hydrogen generator are supplied to the internal combustion engine for combustion to generate power; and wherein, in the hydrogen generator, the recombination zone and the preheating zone are disposed such that the hydrogen production raw material is first Preheating in the preheating zone, followed by a steam recombination reaction in the recombination zone, and the first medium is present between the recombination zone and the preheating zone 201137225, and separated by a shortest distance of at least about 0.5 mm. A medium has a heat transfer coefficient (K) of at least about 60 W/mK. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power vehicle having the above powertrain. The above objects, technical features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description. The embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below. However, the present invention may be practiced in various different forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be construed as limiting the specific aspects set forth in the specification. For the purposes of illustration, the dimensions of the various components and regions may be exaggerated in the drawings and are not drawn to the actual scale. In addition, the term "parallel" as used hereinafter is not limited to the case of absolute parallelism, and may be included before it does not affect the performance of the present invention, and may also include non-absolute parallel aspects. The powertrain of the present invention is a hydrogen assisted internal combustion engine system, and is provided with hydrogen through the arrangement of the hydrogen generator to improve the combustion performance of the internal combustion engine. The powertrain includes an internal combustion engine, a fuel supply, and an argon generator. The hydrogen generator comprises: a recombination catalyst; a recombination zone substantially composed of a first medium, the recombination catalyst is accommodated, and a hydrogen production raw material is subjected to a steam recombination reaction to generate hydrogen; and substantially a preheating zone formed by the first medium. The fuel supplied from the fuel supply device and the product of the hydrogen generator are supplied to the internal combustion engine for combustion to generate power. And in the hydrogen generator, the recombination zone and the preheating zone are disposed such that the hydrogen producing raw material is preheated prior to the preheating zone, and then the steam recombination in the recombination zone is performed, 201137225 reaction (such as methanol recombination reaction). And the first medium is present between the recombination zone and the preheating zone and separated by a shortest distance of at least about 0.5 mm, the first medium having a heat transfer coefficient (K) of at least about 60 W/mK. - Referring to Fig. 1', there is shown a schematic view of an embodiment of the powertrain of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the powertrain 1 includes an internal combustion engine 11, a fuel supply device 131, a feed officer 133, a hydrogen generator 151, a hydrogen gas pipe 153, an air cleaner 171, an intake pipe 173, and a hydrogen producing unit. The raw material supply device ι9<5 hydrogen-producing raw material supply device a supplies the hydrogen-producing raw material to the hydrogen generator 151 for steam reforming reaction, and the product (hydrogen-containing mixed gas) produced by the hydrogen generator 151 is introduced into the gas pipe 153. The air pipe 173 is mixed with the air introduced through the air cleaner 171, and then introduced into the internal combustion engine via the intake pipe 173, and the fuel (such as gasoline, diesel) supplied from the fuel supply device 131 is introduced into the internal combustion engine n via the feed pipe 133. The combustion generates power to pass through the hydrogen-containing mixed gas supplied from the hydrogen generator 151 to assist the combustion of the fuel in the internal combustion engine ui, thereby knowing that the internal combustion engine is effective and reduces harmful pollutants contained in the exhaust gas. The fuel supplied by the fuel supply device 131 may be any suitable fuel such as gasoline, liquid petroleum gas or a combination thereof. The internal combustion engine can be any suitable engine, such as a gasoline engine, a liquefied petroleum gas engine, a diesel engine, and the like. The fuel supply s 131 may be any suitable fuel supply device. For example, the fuel supply device 131 may be constructed of a fuel tank-carburetor & scorpion injection system. The nitrogen-producing raw material supply device can be any suitable equipment for the purpose of supplying hydrogen-producing raw materials, and is composed of a storage tank of a raw material for producing hydrogen. According to the general knowledge of the general knowledge in the field of hydrogen recombination reaction, in order to avoid the temperature distribution of the internal gravity of the gas generator (4), the heavy-duty zone 201137225 and the hot zone should affect the effectiveness of the steam recombination reaction. At the reactor size, the surface area of the reactor should be increased as much as possible to improve the reaction efficiency and allow the heat to be transferred to the recombination zone at a higher rate; and the surface area of the recombination zone and its catalyst bed should be increased as much as possible to make the recombination zone It can quickly receive the heat transferred and improve the efficiency of the recombination reaction, and activate the recombination catalyst and promote the steam recombination reaction of the hydrogen-producing raw material to obtain better reaction efficiency. In order to increase the surface area and reaction efficiency as much as possible, a common method is to load the catalyst into a small-aperture pipe to shorten the distance between the catalyst particles and the pipe wall, and increase the area of the pipe wall to increase the heat transfer area. However, the inventors of the present invention have continuously found that simply increasing the surface area of the reactor and the catalyst bed (ie, the recombination zone) does not achieve the desired improvement effect as expected, and the heat transfer coefficient of the reaction equipment material must be simultaneously improved. The desired rate of heat transfer is obtained in the body of the reaction apparatus. In order to obtain the best heat transfer efficiency, in the hydrogen generator of the powertrain of the present invention, there should be a first medium between the zones (ie, the zones are connected by the first medium) and at least about The shortest distance of 0.5 mm, preferably at least the shortest distance of at least about 1.0 mm. The first medium has a heat transfer coefficient (K) of at least about 60 W/m-K, preferably at least about 100 W/m-K, and more preferably at least about 200 W/m-K. If the shortest distance of each interval is less than 0.5 mm, it is easy to reduce the overall heat transfer efficiency due to the lack of sufficient high heat transfer coefficient medium in each interval, thereby affecting the argon yield. In the powertrain of the present invention, the waste heat generated by the adjacent heating element (e.g., electronic component, engine) can be directly utilized to provide the heat required for the recombination zone and the preheating zone of the hydrogen generator. A heat source may also be included in the hydrogen generator to provide heat to the recombination zone and the preheat zone. The heat source is not particularly limited and may be selected, for example, from the group consisting of: 201137225 burner, heating belt, electric heater, catalyst heater, and combinations thereof. The heat source can be external to the hydrogen generator or contained in the hydrogen generator. For example, when the heating belt is used as a heat source, the heating belt can be wound around the recombination zone and the preheating zone to provide the heat required for the two zones. As another example, a heating zone can be included in the hydrogen generator, and a heat source (e.g., an electric heater) can be accommodated in the heating zone to provide heat. As another example, an exothermic reaction can be carried out in the heating zone to provide heat to the recombination zone and the preheat zone via the heat evolved by the exothermic reaction. Optionally, the waste heat recovered from the operation of the internal combustion engine may be combined to provide at least a portion of the heat required for the recombination zone and the preheat zone. In one embodiment of the invention, an exothermic oxidation reaction (also referred to as an oxidation zone) is provided in the heating zone to provide heat to the recombination zone and the preheat zone. Wherein the first medium exists between the recombination zone, the oxidation zone and the preheating zone (ie, each zone is connected through the first medium), and is at least about 0.5 apart The shortest distance in millimeters. Optionally, a first oxidation catalyst may be present in the oxidation zone to catalyze the desired exothermic oxidation reaction. The first medium may be any metal having a heat transfer coefficient (K) of not less than about 60 W/mK, and may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of: Ming alloy, copper, copper alloy and graphite, preferably selected alloy or copper alloy (such as brass and white copper (Ni/Cu)), but it should be confirmed that the softening point of the first medium is higher than the hydrogen generator temperature. The hydrogen-producing material which can be used in the present invention may be any material which is commonly used in the production of hydrogen by a recombination reaction, for example, selected from the group consisting of C! to C12 carbonium compounds, Ct to C12 alcohols, and combinations of the foregoing. In one embodiment of the present invention, the steam recombination reaction is carried out in the recombination zone using 201137225 methanol, and the sterol oxidation reaction is carried out in the oxidation zone (Pt-hBN/Al203 modified by boron nitride). , that is, PBN) catalysis, and an aluminum alloy having a softening point of 550 ° C or higher (such as A1-606 heat transfer coefficient of about 180 W/mK) is selected as the first medium of the hydrogen generator. In addition, it is also possible to use the waste heat generated during the operation of the internal combustion engine to provide the heat required for the steam recombination reaction, which is not only simpler, safer and more economical than the conventional method of using plasma or electrolyzed hydrogen. The recombination catalyst which can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, depending on the recombination reaction carried out by the recombination zone. For example, when the retinoic acid vapor recombination reaction is carried out in the recombination zone, a catalyst selected from the group below may be used as a recombination catalyst, a copper catalyst (Cu0Zn0/Al203), and a platinum catalyst (Pt/Al203). , palladium catalyst (Pd/Al203) and combinations of the foregoing. In the case where an oxidation zone is used as a heat source to supply heat to the recombination zone and the preheat zone, depending on the oxidation reaction carried out in the oxidation zone, a suitable first oxidation catalyst may be selected. For example, when the sterol oxidation reaction is carried out in the oxidation zone to provide all or a portion of the thermal energy required for the recombination zone, a first oxidation catalyst selected from the group consisting of platinum catalyst (Pt/Al203), palladium may be used. Catalyst (Pd/Al203), platinum cobalt catalyst (Pt-Co/Al203), boron nitride modified platinum catalyst (Pt-hBN/Al203 (PBN)) or platinum cobalt catalyst (Pt-Co- hBN/Al203), and combinations of the foregoing. In some embodiments of the invention, PBN is used as the first oxidation catalyst to catalyze the methanol oxidation reaction to provide the thermal energy required for the recombination reaction. In the SL gas generator of the powertrain of the present invention, the recombination zone and the preheating zone are each composed of one or more substantially parallel channels, and when composed of two or more channels, each zone At least one channel is in communication with another channel in the same region, and the first channel is present between the channels of the hydrogen 10 201137225 gas generator, and the shortest distance is at least about 〇5 mm apart. When an oxidation zone is provided as a heat source in the hydrogen generator, the arrangement of the oxidation zone and the recombination zone and the preheating zone also conforms to the above principle, that is, the recombination zone, the oxidation zone and the preheating zone are each composed of one Or a plurality of substantially parallel channels, when composed of two or more channels, any one of the channels in each of the regions communicates with at least another channel in the same region, and the holes are present between the holes The first medium is spaced apart from each other by a minimum distance of at least about 〇5 mm. Referring to Fig. 2, there is shown a cross-sectional schematic view of one embodiment of a hydrogen generator of the powertrain of the present invention. In Fig. 2, the hydrogen generator 2 includes a preheating zone 24 composed of a first medium and recombination. Zone 26, and recombination catalyst (not shown) that is filled in recombination zone 26. The preheating zone 24 is composed of three mutually parallel communicating vias, including a preheating zone inlet 241 and a preheating zone outlet 243; and the recombination zone 26 is composed of 12 permeate parallel channels, including A recombination zone inlet 261 and a recombination zone outlet 263. Any of the channels in each zone is in communication with at least another channel in the same zone and is not in communication with the inlet and outlet of the zone. In order not to affect the heat transfer effect of the hydrogen generator 2, the channels are spaced apart from each other by a minimum distance a of at least about 0.5 mm, preferably at least about 1.0 mm. According to the present invention, the shape of the hydrogen generator is not particularly limited, and any appropriate geometric shape such as a rectangular sheet shape, a circular shape, or the like can be selected depending on conditions such as the placement position and the heat source supply mode. Similarly, the shape of the cross section of the hydrogen generator is not particularly limited, and may be independently of any geometric shape (such as a circular shape, a regular shape formed by a circular shape or an evening shape), for example, to improve the recombination reaction. The efficiency can be replaced by the circular channel of the hydrogen generator of Figure 2 as shown in Figures 2a, 2b and 2c to shorten the distance between the cell wall 201137225 and the catalyst particles (especially the catalyst particles at the center of the cell). The surface area of the wall is added to increase the heat transfer efficiency. In addition, the particles of the pre-heating zone 2 may be filled with particles composed of the first medium. The particle size of the particles is not particularly limited. For example, particles having a particle diameter of about 1/4 of the diameter of the pores may be used to improve the preheating. District ^ heat transfer efficiency. When the nitrogen generator 2 as shown in Fig. 2 is used in the powertrain of the present invention, the waste heat 24 generated by the outside (i.e., the environment) and the heat required for the recombination zone 26 can be generated by hydrogen. For example, one side of the hydrogen generator 2 (ie, one of the upper and lower surfaces extending toward the reader) can be directly attached to the surface of the engine wall. When the steam reforming reaction is carried out, the hydrogen-producing raw material is mixed with water (or water vapor) and introduced into the preheating zone 24 from the preheating zone inlet 241, and receives heat from the engine wall through the conduction of the first medium for preheating. Thereafter, the preheated gaseous or mostly gaseous hydrogen-producing feedstock and water vapor mixture exits the preheating zone 24 from the preheating zone outlet 243 and enters the recombination zone 26 from the recombination zone inlet 261 and is recombined. The (26) vapor recombination reaction proceeds in the cell of zone 26 and is catalyzed by the recombination catalyst. Finally, a hydrogen-rich gas mixture is obtained from the recombination zone outlet 263. The hydrogen-containing mixed gas can be directly introduced into the internal combustion engine to assist combustion. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the hydrogen generator of the powertrain of the present invention. In Fig. 3, the hydrogen generator 3 comprises a heating zone 32, a preheating zone 34 and a recombination zone 36. The heating zone 32 is composed of a single channel; the preheating zone 34 is composed of three intersecting channels which are parallel to each other, including a preheating zone inlet j and a preheating zone outlet 343; and the recombination zone 36 is composed of 12 The substantially parallel channels constitute 'containing a recombination zone inlet 361 and a recombination zone outlet 363. In the preheating 12 201137225 zone 34 and the recombination zone 36, any of the zones in each zone communicates with at least another tunnel in the same zone, and is not in communication with the inlet and outlet in the zone. Similarly, in order not to affect the heat transfer effect of the hydrogen generator 3, the channels are separated from each other by a shortest distance a of at least about 5 mm, preferably at least about Μ mm, and the recombination zone % is filled with a recombination catalyst ( Not shown). The heating zone 32 is used to house the heat source required for the hydrogen generator 3. For example, the waste heat generated by the surrounding environment can be introduced into the channels of the heating zone 32 to provide the heat required for the steam recombination reaction, or the electric heater can be accommodated in the heating zone to raise the heat source. Alternatively, the -oxidation catalyst may be filled in the heating zone 32 to form an oxidation zone. As the vapor reforming reaction proceeds, the feedstock which is oxidizable by the first oxidation catalyst and releases heat is passed to the heating zone 32 for exothermic oxidation to provide the heat required for the preheat zone 14 and the reform zone 16. For example, a part of the hydrogen-producing raw material (for example, decyl alcohol) used for the steam recombination reaction may be mixed with air, and introduced into the heating zone 32 from one end of the channel of the heating zone 32 for the exothermic oxidation reaction, and the generated heat is passed through the nitrogen generator 3 The first medium between the zones is conducted to other areas, and excess heat is expelled from the other end of the tunnel of the heating zone 32. φ In the hydrogen generator of the powertrain of the present invention, the manner of connecting the respective inlets and outlets is not particularly limited. For example, it is possible to connect (4) the tubes made of hydrogen-generated H-media or other materials. To more specifically illustrate the relationship between the channels of the present invention, reference is continued to FIG. 2, which illustrates the flow of the mixed gas in the recombination zone 26, the system of which indicates the mixing in the recombination zone 26 of the hydrogen generator 2. The flow direction of the gas, the solid arrow indicates that the two channels are connected to the end of the reader in the hydrogen generator 2 of the figure. The dotted arrow indicates that the two channels are connected to the other end (ie, away from the end of the reader). 13 201137225 The present invention further provides a power vehicle having the aforementioned powertrain. In one embodiment of the present invention, the above hydrogen generator is used in a CITY model of a commercially available Honda (HONDA) automobile, and an electric heater is used as a heat source. The invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments. Embodiment 1: Assembly of Powertrain A hydrogen generator 3 as shown in Fig. 3 is installed in an engine system of a Honda automobile (City: CITY; displacement: 1300 CC) to complete the powertrain of the present invention. Among them, aluminum alloy (A1-6061) is used as the first medium in the hydrogen generator 3, and the hydrogen generator 3 is installed at about 50 mm downstream of the air cleaner (refer to Fig. 1 for the installation method). The heat required for the argon generator 3 is supplied through an electric heater (electric heating power of 300 watts) inserted through the heating zone 32. The hydrogen generator 3 has a length of about 180 mm, a width (away from the reader) of about 100 mm and a thickness of about 19 mm, and the shortest distance a between the holes is about 1.5 mm. The three channels of the preheating zone 34, the 12 channels of the recombination zone 36, and the single channel of the heating zone 32 each have a diameter of about 13 mm, and the cells of the preheating zone 34 are filled with aluminum alloy particles having a diameter of about 4 mm, recombined. Approximately 160 grams of recombinant catalyst JM-51 was filled into the tunnel of zone 36. First, after the car engine is started, the electric heater is operated by the electric power of the car battery to raise the temperature of the hydrogen generator 3, and then the liquid sterol and water are respectively at a rate of about 2.4 g/min and 1.5 g/min, respectively. The preheating zone inlet 341 is introduced into the preheating zone 34 such that it is heated and vaporized during the passage of the preheating zone 34, and finally exits the preheating zone 34 from the preheating zone outlet 343 and enters the recombination zone 36 from the recombination zone inlet 361. In the tunnel, and during the process of re-combination with the recombination catalyst JM-51, the obtained hydrogen-containing mixed gas is finally discharged from the outlet of the recombination zone 363 and introduced into the downstream pipeline of the air 201137225 filter, about 50 mm, and The air is sent into the internal combustion engine for explosion combustion to generate power. Example 2: Road running test Test conditions: Weather conditions: Sunny test distance: Returned between Linkou and Suao, a total of 190.4 km of oil: 95 unleaded petrol ^ Hydrogen-containing mixed gas flow introduced into internal combustion engine: 13 liters / min test Method. .- After filling the car tank first, under the above conditions, carry out the return between Linkou and Suao. After returning to the starting point, fill the tank again and measure the fuel liters consumed to calculate the fuel consumption and the result. Recorded in Table 1. Comparative Example 3: Road running test Under the same conditions as in Example 2, the road running test was carried out, but the hydrogen-containing mixed gas generated by the hydrogen generator 3 was not introduced into the internal combustion engine, and only 95 unleaded gasoline was used as the fuel for the internal combustion engine. Fuel consumption and the results are recorded in Table 1. Table 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Mileage (km) 190.4 190.4 Fuel consumption (liter) 9.63 11.31 From the results of Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 in Table 1, the powertrain 15 201137225 (Example 2) of the present invention is known. Compared to the conventional internal combustion engine system (Comparative Example 3), the fuel consumption is significantly reduced by about 14.8% due to the introduction of hydrogen assisted combustion. Example 4: Exhaust gas test Using the powertrain of Example 1, the engine speed was maintained at 2,500 rpm under the condition that the flow rate of the hydrogen-containing mixed gas introduced into the internal combustion engine was 7 liters/min. The carbon monoxide concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe was measured and recorded in Table 2. Example 5: Exhaust gas test An exhaust gas test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the flow rate of the argon gas mixture introduced into the internal combustion engine was 13 liters/min. The carbon monoxide concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe was measured and recorded in Table 2. Comparative Example 6: Exhaust gas test An exhaust gas test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the argon-containing mixed gas generated by the hydrogen generator 3 was introduced into the internal combustion engine, and only 95 unleaded gasoline was used as the fuel for the internal combustion engine. The carbon monoxide concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe was measured and recorded in Table 2. Table 2 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Carbon monoxide concentration (ppm) 0 100 1300 From the results of Example 4, Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 in Table 2, the powertrain of the present invention (Example 4 and 5) Compared with the conventional internal combustion engine system (Comparative Example 6), 16 201137225, due to the introduction of hydrogen assisted combustion, the concentration of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas discharged is significantly reduced. This result shows that the addition of hydrogen does make the engine's combustion efficiency more complete. In summary, the powertrain of the present invention can provide a hydrogen-containing gas by assisting the combustion of the internal combustion engine by a hydrogen generator produced by a recombination reaction, which can significantly improve the explosive combustion efficiency. The hydrogen generator is small in size, can be any geometric shape depending on the installation requirements, and is more convenient to use, and only needs to provide a heat source to achieve the purpose of performing recombination reaction to produce hydrogen, especially for directly utilizing, for example, an engine. The waste heat in the room or the heat in the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe improves the overall thermal efficiency and is more economical and environmentally friendly. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are illustrative of the technical features of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes or arrangements that can be easily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles and spirit of the invention are within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is set forth in the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a powertrain of the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a hydrogen generator of the powertrain of the present invention; 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a hydrogen generator of the powertrain of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 17 201137225 Powertrain 11 Internal combustion engine 131 Fuel supply device 133 Feed pipe 151, 2, 3 Hydrogen generator 153 Gas pipe 171 Air filter 173 Intake pipe 19 Hydrogen-generating material supply device 24, 34 Preheating zone 241, 341 Preheating zone inlet 243, 343 Preheating zone outlet 26, 36 Recombination zone 261, 361 Recombination zone inlet 263, 363 Reorganization zone exit 32 Heating zone