201134687 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明有關被提供於胎腔區域中以傳輸關於輪胎狀況 之輪胎資訊的傳輸裝置、及用以判斷輪胎異常是否被造成 之輪胎狀況監視系統。 【先前技術】 傳統上，安裝至車輛的輪胎之氣壓的檢査及控制係想 要用於輪胎耐用性之改良、耐磨性之改良、燃料經濟性之 改良'或乘坐品質之改良、及處理性能之改良。用於此目 的，用以監視輪胎壓力之各種系統已被提出。於此一系統 中，大致上，偵測關於被安裝至輪子的輪胎之氣壓的資訊 ，用以傳輸該資訊的傳輸裝置被提供於每一個輪子之胎腔 區域中，且每一個輪胎的氣壓之資訊係由該傳輸裝置獲得 ，以監視該輪胎之氣壓。 在另一方面，當輪胎漏氣時，待注射進入位於該輪胎 及輪圏間之胎腔區域的穿刺修補劑通常被使用。因爲該穿 刺修補劑係液體，當該修補劑被注射進入該胎腔區域時， 該修補劑黏著至被提供於該胎腔區域以及面朝該胎腔區域 的輪胎內部表面中之傳輸裝置。於一些案例中，該修補劑 變得凝固，以閉合該傳輸裝置中所形成之開口部份，而影 響該氣壓之測量。 爲處理此問題，能夠藉由防止外來物質經過用於偵測 的導通部份進入而維持正常偵測狀況之輪子狀況偵測裝置 -5- 201134687 已被提出（日本專利特許公開申請案第200 8-62 73 0號）。 更具體地說，輪子狀況偵測裝置之TPMS (輪胎壓力 監視系統）氣嘴係設有導通部份打開及關閉機件，用以打 開及關閉外殼中所形成之導通孔洞。在穿刺修補之時，防 止穿刺修補劑經過該導通孔洞進入偵測空間。此導通部份 打開及關閉機件係由包括蓋子本體及扭力螺旋彈簧之機械 本體所組成，且藉由作用在輪子上之離心力自動地打開及 關閉該導通孔洞。 再者，在此提出輪胎壓力監視系統及輪胎壓力感測器 單元，用以通知乘客該輪胎壓力可能在被穿刺輪胎係藉由 使用輪胎穿刺修補劑修補之後下降（日本專利特許公開申 請案第 2007- 1 968 3 4號）》 更具體地說，該輪胎壓力監視系統係被提供至車輛之 每一個輪胎，且係設有感測器單元，其具有輪胎壓力感測 器及發送器；接收裝置，用以由該感測器單元接收無線電 波；及控制ECU (電子控制單元），用以當每一個輪胎之 氣壓變得低於或等於一閩値時給予警報。該系統係設有穿 刺判斷機構，用以判斷每一個輪胎之穿刺；及穿刺修補劑 使用判斷機構，用以判斷該被穿刺輪胎是否在該輪胎爆裂 被判斷之後藉由使用該穿刺修補劑所修補。當其被判斷該 被穿刺輪胎係藉由使用該穿刺修補劑修補時，該控制ECU 持續該If報，縱使來自該氣壓感測器之輪胎壓力値爲正常 値。 因爲日本專利特許公開申請案第2008-62730號中所敘 201134687 述之裝置的導通部份打開及關閉機件，係由包括該蓋子本 體及該扭力螺旋彈簧之機械本體所組成，該裝置本身係複 雜及昂貴的。 於日本專利特許公開申請案第2007-196834號中所敘 述之系統及單元中，其未確信關於在該輪胎的修補之後藉 由使用該穿刺修補劑所測量之輪胎壓力的資訊是否正確。 因此’其係不可能判斷在該穿刺修補之後是否造成輪胎異 常。 【發明內容】 因此，本發明之目的係甚至在藉由使用穿刺修補劑的 輪胎穿刺修補之後，提供能夠適當地偵測及傳輸諸如輪胎 壓力資訊之輪胎資訊的傳輸裝置，及用以判斷是否已造成 輪胎異常之輪胎狀況監視系統。 根據本發明的一態樣，在此設有被提供於胎腔區域中 之傳輸裝置，以傳輸關於輪胎狀況之輪胎資訊。 該裝置包括： 感測器，其偵測以該輪胎及輪圏所圍繞之胎腔區域中 被充塡氣體的狀況當作該輪胎資訊； 發送器，其無線地發送所偵測之輪胎資訊·，及 外殼’其容納該感測器及該發送器。 連接該外殼之內部空間與該胎腔區域的通氣孔之開口 部份係形成在該外殼之表面上。 該開口部份係形成在由該外殼之表面於一方向中突出 201134687 的突出部份之頂部上，且具有0.4平方毫米或更小的面積 〇 該突出部份之高度係1毫米或更大》 當與該頂部接觸及垂直於該突出部份之突出方向的接 觸平面存在時，該接觸平面及該頂部間之接觸部份的面積 係不大於該開口部份之面積的30%。 在取自沿著平行於該突出部份之突出方向的平面之突 出部份及通過該開口部份之中心的剖面輪廓中，一線段相 對於該外殼之表面的斜角較佳地係不小於30度及小於90度 ，該線段係藉由連接該突出部份之基底部份的位置及該頂 部之位置所獲得，且以一假設之直線及最遠離該中心。 該開口部份係面朝該胎腔區域之通氣孔的外部開口端 部，且當該開口部份被稱爲外部開口部份時，面朝該內部 空間的通氣孔之內部開口部份較佳地係比該外部開口部份 具有一更大開口面積。 再者，保護壁面較佳地係被提供至該外殻之表面，該 保護壁面之高度爲該突出部份離該外殼之表面的高度之 70%至 1 30%。 凹入部份係藉由局部地凹入該外殼所形成，且該突出 部份被提供至該凹入部份，及該凹入部份之深度係該突出 部份之高度的70%至130%。 根據本發明之第二態樣’提供有一輪胎狀況監視系統 〇 該系統包括：傳輸裝置；接收裝置；及監視區段。 -8- 201134687 該傳輸裝置包括感測器，其偵測以輪胎及輪圏所圍繞 之胎腔區域中被充塡氣體的狀況當作輪胎資訊；發送器’ 其無線地發送所偵測之輪胎資訊；及外殼，其容納該感測 器及該發送器。 連接該外殻之內部空間與該胎腔區域的通氣孔之開口 部份係形成在該外殻之表面中。 該開口部份係形成在由該外殼之表面於一方向中突出 的突出部份之頂部上，且該開口部份具有0.4平方毫米或 更小的面積。 該突出部份之高度係1毫米或更大。 當與該頂部接觸及垂直於該突出部份之突出方向的接 觸平面存在時，該接觸平面與該頂部間之接觸部份的面積 係不大於該開口部份之面積的3 0 %。 該接收裝置接收由該發送器所發送之輪胎資訊。 該監視區段決定是否已造成輪胎異常，並基於該輪胎 資訊通知決定結果。 【實施方式】 本發明之傳輸裝置及輪胎狀況監視系統將在下面被詳 細地敘述。 圖1係輪胎壓力監視系統1 0的一般槪觀圖，該輪胎壓 力監視系統係該輪胎狀況監視系統之一具體實施例。 (第一具體實施例：輪胎壓力監視系統之槪觀） -9- 201134687 該輪胎壓力監視系統（此後被稱爲“系統” ）1 〇被安 裝在車輛12上。該系統10包括氣壓資訊傳輸裝置（此後被 稱爲“傳輸裝置” ）16a、16b、16c、及16d與監視裝置18 ，該等傳輸裝置被提供於該車輛12之個別輪子的輪胎14a 、14b、14c、及14d中之個別輪胎孔腔區域中。 所有該等傳輸裝置16a、16b、16c、及16d偵測關於充 塡進入以該等輪胎及輪圏所圍繞之胎腔區域的空氣之壓力 的資訊作爲輪胎資訊，且無線地發送該輪胎資訊至該監視 裝置18。此後，爲一次說明所有該等傳輸裝置16a、16b、 16c、及16d，該等傳輸裝置16a、16b、16c、及16d將被共 同地稱爲傳輸裝置16。 (第一具體實施例：傳輸裝置之結構） 圖2係一圖示，用以說明將該傳輸裝置16固定在該胎 腔區域中的方法之範例。圖3係整個裝置之透視圖，其中 圖2所說明之傳輸裝置16係與輪胎氣嘴20整合。 該傳輸裝置16被提供至該輪胎氣嘴20延伸在該胎腔區 域的一側面上之端部，且藉由機械式地固定該輪胎氣嘴20 至該輪圏19被固定及設置於該胎腔區域中。 圖4係該傳輸裝置16取自沿著圖3所說明之A-A剖線的 剖視圖。如在圖4所說明，該傳輸裝置16包括外殼22及提 供於該外殻22中之電路24。該電路24包括基底26及感測器 單元28、發送器30、處理單元32、電源區段34、及提供至 該基底26之天線40 (看圖5)。 -10- 201134687 圖5係該傳輸裝置16之電路方塊圖。 該感測器單元28包括氣壓感測器28a及A/D轉換器28b 。該氣壓感測器28a感測該外殼22中之內部空間35中的氣 壓，且輸出一壓力信號。該外殼22中之內部空間35經過通 過該外殼22與開口部份42之通氣孔36的胎腔區域中之空間 導通（看圖4)。 該A/D轉換器28b進行由該氣壓感測器28 a所輸出之壓 力信號的數位轉換，並輸出壓力資料。 該處理單元32包括中央處理區段32a及記憶體區段32b 。該中央處理區段3 2 a基於被儲存於該記憶體區段3 2 b的半 導體記憶體中之程式操作。當該中央處理區段32a被供電 及驅動時，其進行控制，以致該壓力資料係經由該發送器 3 0在預定的時間間隔、例如每隔五分鐘傳輸至該監視裝置 1 8，該壓力資料係關於該氣壓之資訊，且被由該感測器單 元2 8送出。對該傳輸裝置16爲唯一的識別資訊係預先儲存 於該記憶體區段32b中，且該中央處理區段32a進行控制， 以致該識別資訊係隨同該壓力資料傳輸至該監視裝置1 8。 該記憶體區段32b包括用以儲存該中央處理區段3 2a之 操作用的程式之ROM、及諸如EEPROM之可重寫的非揮發 性記憶體。對該傳輸裝置1 6爲唯一的識別資訊被儲存於該 記憶體區段3讪中之不可寫入區域中。 該發送器30包括振動電路30a、調變電路3 Ob、及放大 器電路3 0c。 該振動電路30a產生載波信號、例如屬於315 MHz頻 -11 - 201134687 帶之RF信號。 該調變電路30b藉由使用自該中央處理區段32a所送出 之壓力資料及對該傳輸裝置16爲唯一的識別資訊來調變該 載波信號，以產生一傳輸信號。作爲調變方法，諸如波幅 調變（ASK)、調頻（FM)、波頻調變（FSK)、調相（ PM)、及相位調變（PSK)之方法能被使用。 該放大器電路30c放大藉由該調變電路3〇b所產生之傳 輸信號’且經由該天線40無線地發送該傳輸信號至該監視 裝置18。 譬如’二次電池被用作該電源區段3 4，以幾乎永久性 地供給電力至該感測器單元28、該發送器30、及該處理單 元32。 在容納此一電路24之外殼22的表面中所形成者係連接 該外殼22中之內部空間35及該胎腔區域的開口部份42，如 圖4所說明。 該開口部份42係形成在由該外殼22之表面徑向地朝外 突出（於圖4中向上）的突出部份44之頂部上，且該通氣 孔36由該開口部份42延伸至通過該突出部份44。 該開口部份42及該突出部份44將稍後被敘述。 於該具體實施例中，雖然該傳輸裝置1 6偵測被充塡於 該胎腔區域中之空氣的壓力作爲該輪胎之狀況’待偵測的 輪胎之狀況可包括該胎腔區域中之空氣的溫度以及該氣壓 〇 再者，該傳輸裝置16不只能被固定至該輪胎氣嘴20’ -12- 201134687 同時也可被直接地固定至該輪胎之內部表面，且面朝該胎 腔區域或該輪圏19之面朝該胎腔區域的表面。 (第一具體實施例：監視裝置之結構） 圖6係該監視裝置18之電路方塊圖。 該監視裝置18譬如被安裝在該車輛12的駕駛者之座位 的位置前面，且對駕駛者通知關於該氣壓之資訊。該監視 裝置18包括天線52、接收區段54、接收緩衝器56、中央處 理區段58、記億體區段60、操作區段62、開關64、顯示控 制區段66、顯示區段68、及電源區段70。 該天線52之頻率係與該傳輸裝置16之傳輸頻率匹配， 且該天線52被連接至該接收區段54。 該接收區段54接收預定頻率之傳輸信號，且由該傳輸 裝置16送出及解調該信號，以取出該壓力資料及該識別資 訊之資料。這些資料片段被輸出至該接收緩衝器56。 該接收緩衝器56暫時地儲存由該接收區段54所輸出的 壓力資料及該識別資訊之資料。所儲存之壓力資料及該識 別資訊之資料根據該中央處理區段58之方向被輸出至該中 央處理區段58。 該中央處理區段58主要地係由CPU (中央處理單元） 所組成’且基於儲存在該記憶體區段60中之程式操作。用 於識別資訊之每一片段，該中央處理區段58基於所接收之 壓力資料及識別資訊的資料監視該等輪胎14a至14d之每一 個的氣壓。更具體地說，該中央處理區段58基於該壓力資 -13- 201134687 料判斷輪胎異常是否被造成，並通知判斷結果。是否造成 該輪胎異常之判斷將判斷該氣壓是否下降至異常低位準或 於短時期中急劇地下降，以譬如顯示該輪胎爆破。 該中央處理區段58輸出判斷結果至該顯示控制區段66 ，並造成該顯示區段68經過該顯示控制區段66輸出該判斷 結果。 再者，該中央處理區段5 8以該傳輸裝置16根據來自該 操作區段62之資訊及來自該開關64的資訊初始化一相通方 法等等。再者，該中央處理區段58能設定判斷條件，用以 根據來自該操作區段62之資訊判斷是否造成該輪胎異常。 該記憶體區段60包括用以儲存該中央處理區段58之 CPU的操作用之程式的ROM、及諸如EEPROM之非揮發性 記憶體。於製造期間，與該傳輸裝置1 6通訊方法之表格被 儲存於該記憶體區段60中。該傳輸裝置1 6及該監視裝置1 8 藉由該上述通訊方法在早期階段彼此相通。該通訊方法表 包括諸如通訊協議、傳輸位元率、及對應於對該傳輸裝置 1 6爲唯一的識別資訊之資料格式。這些資訊片段之設定可 來自該操作區段62之輸入更自由地改變。 該操作區段62包括諸如鍵盤之輸入裝置，且被使用於 輸入各種資訊及狀況。該開關64被使用於引導該中央處理 區段5 8，以開始初始化。 該顯示控制區段66控制該顯示區段68 ’以根據來自該 中央處理區段5 8之判斷結果顯示對應於該輪胎之安裝位置 的輪胎壓力。同時，該顯示控制區段6 6進行控制’以造成 -14- 201134687 該顯示區段68亦顯示譬如該輪胎已爆破之判斷結果。 該電源區段70控制由安裝至該車輛12之電池供應合適 的電壓及將它們供應至該監視裝置1 8之個別部份的電力。 該傳輸裝置1 6及該監視裝置1 8係如上述所形成。 (第一具體實施例：傳輸裝置之突出部份） 該傳輸裝置16之外殼22的表面係設有該突出部份44之 外殻（圖4)，其中該通氣孔36之開口部份42係如上述形 成。該開口部份42、該突出部份44、及該通氣孔36將在下 面詳細地敘述。 該開口部份42連接該外殻22中之內部空間35及與該通 氣孔36配合的胎腔區域。該開口部份42係形成在由該外殼 22之表面於一方向中突出的突出部份44之頂部上。 該突出部份44由該外殻22之表面突出’且該開口部份 42之面積係不大於0.4平方毫米。再者，與該突出部份44 的頂部接觸及垂直於該突出部份44之突出方向的接觸平面 存在（可被假設），且該接觸平面與該頂部間之接觸部份 的面積係不大於該開口部份之面積的3 0%。該突出部份44 的突出高度爲1毫米或更大。於此後所敘述之具體實施例 中，該等突出部份44的之任一者的高度爲1毫米或更大。 再者，在取自沿著平行於該突出部份44之突出方向（ 圖4中之垂直方向）的平面之突出部份44及通過該開口部 份42之中心的剖面輪廓中，一線段相對於該外殻22之表面 的斜角q較佳地係不小於30度及小於90度，其中該線段係 -15- 201134687 藉由以假設之直線連接該突出部份44之基底部份的位置及 該頂部之位置（最遠離該開口部份42之中心的地點之位置 )所獲得。最佳地係，該斜角q係4 5度或更大。爲何該斜 角q係小於90度在於如果該斜角q係90度或更大’該突出部 份44之頂部的面積相對於該開口面積變大’這增加該穿刺 修補劑黏著至該頂部以封閉該開口部份42及該通氣孔36的 可能性。 圖7 A係圖4所說明之突出部份4 4的透視圖。圖7 B係取 自沿著一通過該開口部份4 2之中心的平面之突出部份44的 剖視圖。 如由圖7B中之剖面輪廓所了解’該突出部份44係具有 在恆定角度傾斜之斜面的截錐形。於此剖面輪廓中’連接 該突出部份44之基底部份位置44a及頂部最外面位置44b的 假設直線44c與該突出部份44的斜面之直線重合’且於該 剖面輪廓中在恆定角度傾斜。該直線44c相對於該外殼22 之表面的斜角q係不小於30度及小於90度。該開口部份42 係通過該外殼22之壁面連接至該通氣孔36。 該突出部份44係形成在該外殼22之表面上，且該開口 部份42係如上述形成在該突出部份44的頂部上，以便避免 該液體穿刺修補劑之黏著，該修補劑係在該輪胎爆胎之時 被注射進入該胎腔區域供穿刺修補，至該外殼22中所形成 的開口部份42之周邊。再者，如果該穿刺修補劑飛濺及黏 著至該開口部份42 ’表面張力防止該穿刺修補劑由該開口 部份42進入該通氣孔36。 -16- 201134687 大約幾百毫升之穿刺修補劑係在該穿刺修補之時注射 進入該胎腔區域。在該穿刺修補劑被注射進入該胎腔區域 之後，已進入具有一孔洞之穿刺位置的穿刺修補劑被凝固 ，同時該輪胎被旋轉，以藉此充塡該穿刺孔洞。然而，該 多餘之液體穿刺修補劑飛濺於該胎腔區域中，且由於該輪 胎之旋轉而黏著至該輪胎之內部表面及該傳輸裝置之表面 。在此時，該外殻22中所形成之通氣孔36可被封閉。因此 ，於該具體實施例中，連接至該通氣孔36之開口部份42係 形成在該突出部份44的頂部上，以藉此造成該穿刺修補劑 更不可能黏著至該開口部份42之周邊，且其結果是，其係 可能防止該穿刺修補劑封閉該通氣孔3 6。 再者，既然該開口部份42之開口面積爲0.4平方毫米 或更小，其係可能防止該穿刺修補劑由該開口部份42進入 該通氣孔36，縱使該穿刺修補劑黏著至該開口部份42之周 邊。 該突出部份44的高度之上限較佳地係爲5毫米。如果 該突出高度係大於該限制，其係極可能使該突出部份44於 該輪胎氣嘴之安裝與該輪胎之附接至該輪圏或該輪胎由該 輪圏之分離中變成一障礙。因爲該開口部份42朝外面向該 輪胎之徑向中，由於藉由該輪胎14之旋轉所造成的離心力 ，該穿刺修補劑朝外飛濺於該輪胎之徑向中。因此，其係 極不可能使該穿刺修補劑由該開口部份42進入該通氣孔3 6 〇 在圖7A及7B所說明之範例中，該突出部份44的頂部 -17- 201134687 係對應於該開口部份42之邊緣的外部周邊線。因此’其係 極不可能使該穿刺修補劑黏著至異於該開口部份之頂部’ 且該穿刺修補劑在此有極小機會來封閉該開口部份42及該 通氣孔3 6。 再者，該基底部份位置44a及該突出部份44的頂部最 外面位置4 4 b間之斜面較佳地係爲防水面。當作該防水面 之材料，藉由移植甲矽烷基或氟烷基所獲得之矽基樹脂、 氟基樹脂、修飾樹脂等被使用。另一選擇係，該斜面可爲 設有施加抗水性之微觀粗糙度。藉由將該斜面製成防水’ 該穿刺修補劑變得較不可能黏著至該斜面’且其係可能減 少該開口部份42及該通氣孔36之堵塞的可能性。 其爲較佳的是該開口部份42之內部周邊面及該通氣孔 3 6連接至該開口部份42的內部周邊面同樣也被製成防水的 〇 除了該截錐形以外，該突出部份44可具有諸形狀之一 ，該等形狀具有圖8A至8 C所說明之剖面輪廓。 如在圖8A及8B中所說明，連接該突出部份44之基底 部份位置44a及頂部最外面位置44b的斜面可爲一曲面。於 圖8A之範例中，於該剖面輪廓中，連接該基底部份位置 44a及該頂部最外面位置44b之斜面的曲線44d在該突出部 份44的突出方向中凸起。於圖8B之範例中，於該剖面輪廓 中，連接該基底部份位置44a及該頂部最外面位置44b之斜 面的曲線44d係在該突出部份44的突出方向中凹入。於此 等範例中，形成在該突出部份44的頂部上之開口部份42的 -18- 201134687 開口面積爲〇·4平方毫米或更小。當與該突出部份44的頂 部接觸及垂直於該突出部份44之突出方向的接觸平面存在 時，該接觸平面與該頂部間之接觸部份的面積係不大於該 開口部份之面積的30%。該開口部份42係通過該外殼22連 接至該通氣孔3 6。 在該突出部份44的剖面輪廓中，相對於該外殼22之表 面連接該突出部份44的基底部份位置44a及頂部最外面位 置44b之虛直線44c (圖8A及8B中之虛線）的斜角q係不小 於30度及小於90度。最佳地係，該斜角q係45度或更大。 如果該基底部份位置44 a或該頂部最外面位置44b不確 定，如於圖8 A及8 B所說明之範例中，譬如，作爲該突出 部份44之突出高度的百分之一（離該外殼22之該面的高度 )的斜面之位置可被界定爲該基底部份位置44a，且作爲 該突出部份44之突出高度的百分之九十九（離該外殼22之 該面的高度）的斜面之位置可被界定爲該頂部最外面位置 44b » 於此案例中，該頂部係該突出部份44的區域，其係該 突出部份44之突出高度的百分之九十九及更大。 圖8C所說明之範例具有一形狀，該形狀於截錐形中在 該突出部份44的頂部處具有局部平坦之面。該突出部份44 之突出高度（由基底部份位置44a至頂部最外面位置44b之 高度）係類似於圖8A及8B所說明之突出部份44，且形成 在該突出部份44的頂部上之開口部份42的開口面積爲0.4 平方毫米或更小。當與該突出部份44的頂部接觸及垂直於 -19- 201134687 該突出部份44之突出方向的接觸平面存在時’該接觸平面 與該頂部間之接觸部份的面積係不大於該開口部份之面積 的3 0%。在此時，如果該接觸平面及該頂部間之接觸部份 係不確定，該接觸部份係該突出部份44在某些高度的各區 段之每一個的一區域，該等高度爲該突出高度的百分之九 十九至百分之一百。當與該等區段之每一個的一區域接觸 及垂直於該突出部份44之突出方向的接觸平面存在時，該 接觸平面與該等區段之每一個的該區域間之接觸部份的面 積係不大於該等區段之每—個的該區域中之開口部份之面 積的30%。於此案例中，相對於該外殼22之表面，於該剖 面形狀中，連接該突出部份44之基底部份位置44a及該頂 部最外面位置44b (最遠離該突出部份44之中心的地點之 位置）的虛直線44c (與該斜面之直線44d重合）之斜角q 較佳地係不小於30度及小於90度。最佳地係，該斜角q係 不小於45度。該開口部份42係通過該外殼22連接至該通氣 孔36 ° 於圖8A至8C所說明之範例的每一個中，該突出部份 44之開口部份42較佳地係在該輪胎之徑向中面朝外。 再者，該突出部份44的基底部份位置44a及該頂部最 外面位置44b間之斜面較佳地係一防水面。再者，該頂部 之面較佳地係也同樣爲防水面。再者，除了該截錐形以外 ，該突出部份44的形狀可爲截角錐形。 如圖9A至9C所說明，固定至該外殻22之突出構件44e 可被提供當作該突出部份44。該突出構件44e係外殻構件 -20- 201134687 ，其被形成爲截錐形或截角錐形，且不具有底面。於此案 例中’該開口部份42係形成在該突出構件44e之頂部上。 此一突出構件44e可藉由黏著劑等被接合至該外殼22 之表面，如圖9A所說明。如圖9B所說明，該突出構件44e 可藉由將該-突出構件44 e之內面裝在設至該外殼22之表面 的凸出部份22a之上而被固定至該外殼22。如圖9C所說明 ，該突出構件44e可藉由將該突出構件44e之外部面裝在該 外殼22的表面中所形成之凹入部份22b而被固定至該外殼 22 ° 在圖9A至9C所說明之範例的每一個中，形成在該突 出部份44的頂部上之開口部份42的開口面積爲0.4平方毫 米或更小。當與該突出部份44的頂部接觸及垂直於該突出 部份44之突出方向的接觸平面存在時，該接觸平面與該頂 部間之接觸部份的面積係不大於該開口部份之面積的3 0% 。該突出部份44的開口部份42較佳地係在該輪胎之徑向中 面朝外。在取自沿著平行於該突出部份44之突出方向的平 面之突出部份44及通過該開口部份42之中心的剖面輪廓中 ，一線段相對於該外殼22之表面的斜角較佳地係不小於30 度及小於9 0度，其中該線段係藉由連接基底部份的位置及 最遠離該突出部份4 4之中心的頂部4 2之位置所獲得’而具 有一假設之直線。最佳地係’該斜角係不小於4 5度。 再者，該突出構件44e的基底部份位置44a及該頂部最 外面位置4 4 b間之斜面較佳地係一防水面。再者’該頂部 之面較佳地係也同樣爲防水面。 -21 - 201134687 於此案例中，其係可能增加該通氣孔36通過該外殻22 之剖面積。 該突出部份44可爲由可替代的鎖定構件37所組成，如 圖10A至10E所說明。 如圖10A至10E所說明，該鎖定構件37係設有該突出 部份44，當該鎖定構件37被安裝至該外殼22時，其具有被 定位在該鎖定構件37的頂部位置中之通氣孔36的開口部份 。因爲該通氣孔36之開口部份係形成在該鎖定構件37之頂 部上，已黏著至具有該開口部份之突出部份44的頂部之穿 刺修補劑係極可能滑離一斜面，且較不可能留在該頂部上 。特別地是，圍繞該開口部份之突出部份4 4的斜面較佳地 係一防水面。當作該防水面之材料，藉由移植甲矽烷基或 氟烷基所獲得之矽基樹脂、氟基樹脂、修飾樹脂等被使用 。另一選擇係，該斜面可爲設有施加抗水性之微觀粗糙度 。藉由將該斜面製成防水，該穿刺修補劑變得較不可能黏 著至該斜面。因此，其係可能減少以該穿刺修補劑堵塞該 通氣孔36之可能性。 如在圖10A與10C所說明之範例的每一個中，該鎖定 構件37可藉由摩擦將該構件37鎖定至該外殻22中所形成之 開口孔洞的側面被安裝至該外殼22，或可藉由裝配或壓入 被安裝。另一選擇係，如圖10B、10D、及10E所說明，該 鎖定構件37可藉由螺旋鎖入而被安裝至該外殼22。 由此一鎖定構件37所組成之突出部份44中的開口部份 之面積爲0_4平方毫米或更小。該頂部及與該突出部份的 -22- 201134687 頂部接觸及垂直於該突出部份之突出方向的接觸平面間之 接觸部份的面積係不大於該開口部份之面積的30%。 再者，在取自沿著平行於該突出部份之类出方向的平 面之突出部份及通過該開口部份之中心的剖面輪廓中，一 線段相對於該外殼22之表面的斜角較佳地係不小於30度及 小於90度，其中該線段係藉由連接基底部份的位置及最遠 離該突出部份之中心的頂部之位置所獲得，而具有一假設 之直線。最佳地係，該斜角係不小於45度。再者，於該剖 面輪廓中，該基底部份及該突出部份44的頂部間之斜面的 斜角較佳地係恆定的。該鎖定構件3 7之開口部份較佳地係 在該輪胎之徑向中面朝外。此較佳的形式在下面所敘述之 第二至第四具體實施例中係同樣較佳的。 (第二具體實施例：具有突出部份之傳輸裝置） 圖1 1係該傳輸裝置1 6之第二具體實施例的剖視圖。隨 同該第二具體實施例的傳輸裝置16所使用之監視裝置的電 路組構係類似於該第一具體實施例之監視裝置1 8。 圖1 1所說明之傳輸裝置16包括該外殼22及該外殻22中 所提供之電路24，類似於圖4中所說明之傳輸裝置16。該 電路24包括基底26、及感測器單元28、發送器30、處理單 元32、電源區段34、及提供至該基底26之天線（未說明） 。於該外殼22中，內部空間35被形成，且該內部空間35具 有感測器空間3 5a及用以收集及儲存諸如已進入該內部空 間35的穿刺修補劑之液體的儲集空間35b。該外殻22係設 -23- 201134687 有連接該外殻22中之內部空間35及胎腔區域與通過該外殻 22的通氣孔36 »突出朝向該胎腔區域之突出部份44被提供 至該外殼22之表面。該通氣孔36之外部開口部份36a係形 成在該突出部份44的頂部上。在另一方面，該通氣孔36之 內部開口部份36b係形成在該外殻22之內部表面中，在此 該通氣孔36面向該內部空間35 (該感測器空間35a )。 該感測器空間35a係形成於該通氣孔36及感測器單元 2 8之間，且該感測器單元2 8之感測器面面向該感測器空間 3 5 a 〇 於該第二具體實施例中，類似於該第一具體實施例， 該通氣孔36的外部開口部份36a之開口面積爲0.4平方毫米 或更小。再者，與該突出部份44的頂部接觸之接觸平面及 該頂部間之接觸部份的面積係不大於該外部開口部份3 6a 之面積的30% * 因爲與該突出部份44的頂部接觸之接觸平面及該頂部 間之接觸部份的面積係不大於該外部開口部份36a之面積 的3 0%，諸如該輪胎穿刺修補劑之液體變得較不可能黏著 至該外部開口部份3 6a之周邊。因爲該外部開口部份3 6a之 開口面積爲0.4平方毫米或更小，諸如該輪胎穿刺修補劑 之液體變得較不可能進入該通氣孔3 6。該突出部份44的高 度爲1毫米或更大。該突出部份44的高度較佳地係爲5毫米 或更少。 再者，該通氣孔3 6之內部開口部份3 6b具有比該外部 開口部份36a更大的開口面積。 -24- 201134687 在以該外殼22之壁面所圍繞的內部區域中’密封樹脂 3 9被充塡作爲一內部構件，同時保留該內部空間3 5。換句 話說，該內部空間35係藉由該外殼22之內部壁面及提供至 該外殻22的內部構件之內部壁面所形成。因此’該內部空 間3 5係小於以該外殻2 2之壁面所圍繞的內部區域。再者’ 如在圖1 1所說明，該感測器空間3 5 a之剖面由該通氣孔3 6 的內部開口部份36b之剖面增加。 於該外殼22中，該通氣孔36被提供當作連接該胎腔區 域及該內部空間35的唯一通道。這是因爲如果有複數通氣 孔3 6，對於諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體進入該通氣孔3 6係非 常容易的。當諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體封閉該外部開口部 份36a時，藉由提供該通氣孔36當作連接該胎腔區域及該 內部空間3 5的唯一通道，諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體變得較 不可能頂抗該被封閉的內部空間3 5中之壓力進入該內部空 間3 5。 雖然該內部空間35之壁面的至少一面係藉由該密封樹 脂3 9所形成，該內部構件不被限制於該密封樹脂3 9。當作 該內部構件，形成爲預定形狀之樹脂材料可被處理。 如上面所述，連接該傳輸裝置16之外殼22的內部空間 35及該胎腔區域之通氣孔36的剖面積當其由該外部開口部 份3 6a朝向該內部開口部份3 6b時連續地增加。 該通氣孔3 6之外部開口部份3 6a係形成在該突出部份 44的頂部上，該頂部由該外殼22之表面突出朝向該胎腔區 域達1毫米或更長。藉由在該突出部份44的頂部上形成該 -25- 201134687 外部開口部份3 6a，其係可能防止該穿刺修補劑黏著至該 外部開口部份3 6a，縱使該穿刺修補劑被導入該胎腔區域 供穿刺修補。特別是因爲該突出部份44被提供至該外殼22 ，以於輪胎之徑向中朝外突出，由於藉由該輪胎之滾動所 造成的離心力，其係可能在該輪胎之徑向中朝外脫掉已黏 著至該突出部份44之穿刺修補劑。其結果是，其係可能有 效地防止該穿刺修補劑黏附至該外部開口部份3 6a。 再者，藉由改變該通氣孔36之剖面代替將其製成均勻 的，該內部開口部份3 6b附近中之表面張力係小於該外部 開口部份3 6 a的附近中者，且毛細管現象變得較不可能發 生，這使得該穿刺修補劑難以進入該通氣孔3 6。如果該穿 刺修補劑進入該通氣孔3 6 ’該內部開口部份3 6 b之開口面 積係大於該外部開口部份36a之開口面積’且因此，該穿 刺修補劑不會停留在該通氣孔3 6中，但很快地移入該內部 空間3 5。 該內部開口部份36b之開口面積較佳地係該外部開口 部份36a之開口面積的四倍或更大’以免該穿刺修補劑進 入該通氣孔36及封閉該通氣孔36。 該通氣孔36之內部開口部份36b係設有切角36c ’以防 止該穿刺修補劑停留’且其被允許很快地流出該通氣孔3 6 。代替該切角36c，該內部開口部份36b之邊緣可被製成具 有一曲率的圆形。 圖丨2係一圖示，用以說明圖Η所說明的傳輸裝置中 之內部空間3 5。 -26- 201134687 於該內部空間3 5中，該感測器單元2 8的感測器面所面 向之感測器空間3 5 a係形成於該通氣孔3 6及該感測器單元 28之間，且係藉由該外殼22中所提供之密封樹脂39的內部 壁面以及該外殼22的內部壁面所形成。該感測器空間35a 係小於以該外殼22之內部壁面所圍繞之內部面積，且該感 測器空間35a的剖面積由該通氣孔36的內部開口部份36b之 剖面積增加。 該儲集空間35b係由該感測器空間35 a分開地提供，且 經過連接管35c連接至該感測器空間35a。 該感測器空間3 5 a係呈圓柱形，且由該內部開口部份 36b延伸之溝槽35d係形成於設有該內部開口部份36b的感 測器空間35a之壁面（頂板面）中。圖12所說明的內部開 口部份36b大體上係形成在該圓形壁面（頂板面）之中心 ，且二溝槽35d由該內部開口部份36b延伸於不同方向中。 於該圖示中，在該圓柱形感測器空間35a之側面中，該二 溝槽35d延伸至一於該圖示中作爲底面之壁面。由該側面 延伸之溝槽35d延伸至於該圖示中作爲底面之圓形壁面的 邊緣，且該二溝槽35d沿著該底面之邊緣延伸及被連接至 該連接管35c。因此’已由該內部開口部份36b進入該感測 器空間35a的諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體被該等溝槽35d所引 導，流入該連接管35c，且被儲存於該儲集空間35b中。換 句話說，該等溝槽35d具有用於該穿刺修補劑之導引溝槽 的作用。 因爲該通氣孔3 6之剖面積如上述由該外部開口部份 -27- 201134687 36a朝向該內部開口部份36b增加，該毛細管現象係較不可 能發生，且如與該通氣孔之剖面積爲均勻的先前技藝之案 例作比較，諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體係較不可能由該外部 開口部份36a進入該通氣孔36。縱使諸如該穿刺修補劑之 液體進入該內部空間35，其不會停留在該通氣孔36中，但 流入該內部空間35 (感測器空間35a )，且最後沿著該等 溝槽35d流入該儲集空間35b。其結果是，其係可能防止諸 如該穿刺修補劑之液體弄濕該感測器面，且禁止該感測器 於該感測器空間3 5 a中之操作。 於圖1 2所說明之範例中，雖然該二溝槽3 5 d由該內部 開口部份36b延伸，該等溝槽35d之數目可爲一個、三個、 或更多個。然而，其較佳的是提供三個或更多個溝槽3 5d ，以便有效地允許諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體流入該儲集空 間 3 5 b。 圖13A及13B係圖示，用以說明一與圖12所說明之儲 集空間35b不同的儲集空間35e之修改。圖13A係俯視圖， 且圖13B係側視圖。 該內部空間35包括該感測器空間35a及該儲集空間35e 。該儲集空間35e被提供至比該感測器空間35a較接近該基 底26 »該感測器空間35a被提供於該通氣孔36及該感測器 單元28之間。該儲集空間35e被提供至圍繞該感測器單元 28。於設有該內部開口部份3 6b的感測器空間35a之壁面中 ，由該內部開口部份3 6b延伸朝向該儲集空間3 5 e的溝槽 3 5 d被形成。 -28- 201134687 因此’於圖1 3 A及1 3 B所說明之範例中，類似於圖1 2 所說明之範例，縱使諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體黏著至該外 部開口部份3 6 a ’該通氣孔3 6之剖面積由該外部開口部份 3 6a朝向該內部開口部份3 6b增加，且因此與該通氣孔之剖 面積爲均句的先前技藝作比較，諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體 係較不可能進入。縱使諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體進入該內 部空間3 5，其不會停留在該通氣孔3 6中，但流入該內部空 間35 ’且最後沿著該等溝槽35d流入該儲集空間35e。其結 果是’其係可能防止諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體弄濕該感測 器面’且禁止該感測器於該感測器空間3 5 a中之操作。 圖14係圖示，用以說明圖1 1所說明之傳輸裝置16的通 氣孔36之又另一修改。圖14所說明之通氣孔36係與圖1 1所 說明之通氣孔36不同，其中該通氣孔之剖面積係由該外部 開口部份36a朝向該內部開口部份36b以逐步方式增加。該 通氣孔36的內部開口部份36b之邊緣被削角。 於此一通氣孔3 6中，縱使諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體黏 著至該外部開口部份36a，該通氣孔36之剖面積由該外部 開口部份36a朝向該內部開口部份36b以逐步方式增加，且 因此該毛細管現象係較不可能發生，並與該通氣孔之剖面 積爲均勻的先前技藝案例作比較，諸如該穿刺修補劑之液 體係較不可能進入該通氣孔3 6與該內部空間3 5。 圖15係圖示，用以說明圖1 1所說明之傳輸裝置16的突 出部份44之另一修改。在圖1 1所說明之突出部份44的案例 中，當該突出部份44係沿著一包括該通氣孔36之中心軸的 -29- 201134687 平面切開時，該突出部份44面向該胎腔區域的斜面係設有 彎曲部份，在此該斜角在其至該突出部份44的頂部之路途 上減少。其結果是，該斜面具有朝向該胎腔區域之凸起形 狀。 在另一方面，於圖15所說明之修改中，該突出部份44 的斜面係在彎曲形狀中形成，以形成朝向該胎腔區域之凸 起部份。 以此方式，於朝向該胎腔區域之凸起形狀中，藉由形 成該突出部份44的斜面，其係可能有效率地提供具有由該 外部開口部份3 6a朝向該內部開口部份3 6b增加的剖面形狀 之通氣孔36。如果該突出部份44的斜面係於朝向該胎腔區 域之凹入形狀中，該壁面於該斜面及該通氣孔的內部表面 間之厚度可爲薄的，並具有由該外部開口部份朝向該內部 開口部份增加的剖面積。然後，該突出部份44可在小的外 力（例如，在該輪胎附接至該輪圏或由該輪圏分離該輪胎 之時所接收的力量）之下被變形。因此，其較佳的是將該 突出部份44的斜面朝向該胎腔區域形成爲該突出形狀。 於圖12至15的每一個中所說明之突出部份44中，該通 氣孔36的外部開口部份36a之開口面積爲〇.4平方毫米或更 小，且與該突出部份44的頂部接觸之接觸平面及該頂部間 之接觸部份的面積係不大於該外部開口部份36a之面積的 30%。該突出部份44的高度爲1毫米至5毫米。 圖16A及16B係圖示’用以解釋與圖11所說明之內部 空間3 5不同的內部空間之修改。 -30- 201134687 該外殼22係設有該儲集空間35b，用以儲存已經過該 通氣孔36進入該內部空間35的諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體。 該儲集空間35b被提供至毗連該通氣孔36，且該通氣孔36 之內部開口部份36b係形成在該儲集空間35b之壁面中。再 者，感測器空間35f由該儲集空間35b之壁面分出。該感測 器單元28之感測器面28c (例如膈膜）面向該感測器空間 35f。該感測器空間35f可爲對應於圖16A所說明之感測器 面2 8c的寬度之狹窄的分部空間，或可爲寬到足以圍繞該 感測器面28c分部空間，如圖16B所說明。 藉由設置此一儲集空間3 5 b，諸如該穿刺修補劑之液 體不會抵達該感測器空間3 5 f，但被儲存於該儲集空間3 5 b 中，且因此其係可能防止諸如該穿刺修補劑之液體弄濕該 感測器面及禁止該感測器之操作》 (第三具體實施例：具有突出部份之傳輸裝置） 於環繞該突出部份44的外殼22之形狀中，第三具體實 施例中之傳輸裝置係與該第一具體實施例中者不同。該第 三具體實施例中之輪胎壓力監視系統的其他結構係類似於 上述該第一具體實施例中之那些結構。 圖17係該傳輸裝置16之第三具體實施例的一般透視圖 。圖18係一圖示，顯示該傳輸裝置16之第三具體實施例的 剖面。如在圖1 8所說明，該外殻22係設有在該輪胎之徑向 中（於圖18之紙張平面中朝上）由該外殼22之表面朝外突 出的突出部份44。在此，該輪胎之徑向意指一正交於充氣 -31 - 201134687 輪胎之轉軸的方向，且在該輪胎之徑向中朝外意指一在該 輪胎之徑向中遠離該充氣輪胎之轉軸的方向。於該突出部 份44中，空間地連接該外殼22中之內部空間35及該胎腔區 域的通氣孔36被形成。該突出部份44離該外殼22之表面的 高度爲1毫米至5毫米。 該外殻22係設有保護壁面46，其離該外殻22之表面具 有爲該突出部份44的高度之70%至130%的高度。該保護壁 面46保護該突出部份44，以致該突出部份44在該輪胎附接 至該輪圏或由該輪圏分離該輪胎中不被損壞。 因爲該突出部份44具有與該第一具體實施例中之傳輸 裝置16的突出部份44類似之形狀，該突出部份44的形狀將 不被敘述。於該第三具體實施例中，類似於該第一具體實 施例中之傳輸裝置16的突出部份44，該通氣孔36的外部開 口部份之開口面積爲0.4平方毫米或更小，且與該突出部 份44的頂部接觸之接觸平面及該頂部間之接觸部份的面積 係不大於該外部開口部份之面積的3 0%。 圖】9係透視圖，顯示該突出部份44及提供至該外殼22 之保護壁面46。圖19之左右方向係該輪胎之圓周方向。在 此，該輪胎之圓周方向意指一方向，其中該充氣輪胎繞著 該該輪胎之轉軸旋轉。一對保護壁面46沿著該輪胎圓周方 向由一面之與該突出部份44相同的位準突出，且以此一便 於夾住該突出部份44之方式在該輪胎轉軸之方向中延伸。 該等保護壁面46離該外殼22之表面的高度h係該突出部份 44的高度Η之70%至130% »如果該保護壁面46離該外殼22 32 - 201134687 之表面的高度係不一致的，離該外殼22之表面的最大高度 被界定爲該保護壁面46之高度h。 藉由在該突出部份44之附近提供成爲該突出部份44的 高度Η之70 %至130 %的保護壁面46，當該輪胎被安裝至該 輪圏時，該突出部份44能被保護免於由於該突出部份44被 輪胎之圓緣部份所撞擊而受損。 因爲該圓緣部份係環狀之形狀，如果該等保護壁面46 之高度h係不低於該突出部份44的高度Η之70% ’該突出部 份44能被保護免於由於該突出部份44被圓緣部份之撞擊而 受損，縱使該等保護壁面46之高度h係低於該突出部份44 的高度Η。 當該傳輸裝置16被提供於該胎腔區域中時，圖19所說 明的保護壁面46之最大高度位置參考該突出部份44的位置 被定位在該輪胎圓周方向中。換句話說，於該輪胎轉軸之 方向中，該等保護壁面46之最大高度位置係在與該突出部 份44相同之位置中。藉由在該輪胎圓周方向中參考該突出 部份44的位置提供該保護壁面46，該圓緣部份在該輪胎附 接至該輪圏中通過該保護壁面46，且因此其係可能保護突 出部份44免於被該圓緣部份所損壞。 在圖19所說明之範例中，當該傳輸裝置16被提供於該 胎腔區域中時，該保護壁面46離該外殼22之表面的高度沿 著該輪胎轉軸之方向連續地改變。 更具體地說，該保護壁面46由該外殼22之表面沿著該 輪胎轉軸的方向上昇’且在它們通過該等最大闻度位置之 -33- 201134687 後下降至該外殼22之表面》在此時，於該輪胎轉軸之方向 中，輪胎內部側面（輪胎中線之側面）上之保護壁面46的 表面相對於該外殻22之表面的角度係45度或更小。當該輪 胎被安裝至該輪圏且因此該輪胎能被輕易地附接著至該輪 圏時，藉由將該角度設定爲45度或更小，該輪胎之圓緣部 份可平滑地通過該等保護壁面46。 在圖19所說明之範例中，該保護壁面46及該突出部份 44間之距離D爲4毫米至20毫米。在此，該保護壁面46及 該突出部份44間之距離D係於該輪胎圓周方向中由該突出 部份44的中心至該保護壁面46之距離。藉由將該保護壁面 46及該突出部份44間之距離D設定爲4毫米或更長，該保 護壁面46及該突出部份44間之穿刺修補劑的保留能被防止 ，且該穿刺修補劑之進入該突出部份44的開口部份42能被 防止。 再者，該保護壁面46及該突出部份44間之外殼22的表 面較佳地係被製成防水的。當作用於該防水處理之材料， 藉由移植甲矽烷基或氟烷基所獲得之矽基樹脂、氟基樹脂 、修飾樹脂等被使用。另一選擇係，該保護壁面46及該突 出部份44間之外殼22的表面可爲設有施加抗水性之微觀粗 糙度。藉由將該保護壁面46及該突出部份44間之外殻22的 表面製成防水，該穿刺修補劑變得較不可能黏著至該保護 壁面46及該突出部份44間之外殼22的表面，且接著該穿刺 修補劑之進入該開口部份42能被防止。 雖然該範例被敘述於圖1 9所說明之範例中，其中該保 -34- 201134687 護壁面46被設在該突出部份44的兩側面上，該等保護壁面 46不須爲必需被設在該突出部份44的兩側面上。譬如，如 果該保護壁面46係設在該突出部份44的僅只一側面上，其 係可能藉由該圓緣部份防止對該突出部份44之損壞。 (第四具體實施例：具有突出部份之傳輸裝置） 圖2 0係透視圖，顯示環繞該第四具體實施例中之突出 部份44的外殼22之形狀的範例。於環繞該突出部份44的外 殼22之形狀中，該第四具體實施例之傳輸裝置16係與該第 三具體實施例者不同。該第四具體實施例中之輪胎壓力監 視系統的其他結構係類似於上述該第一具體實施例中之那 些結構。 如在圖20所說明，該第四具體實施例之外殼22係設有 藉由局部地由該外殼22的表面凹入該外殼22所形成之凹入 部份48。 該凹入部份48係設有該突出部份44。該突出部份44離 該凹入部份48之底部的高度爲1毫米至5毫米。該突出部份 44的形狀之細節係類似於該第一具體實施例之那些形狀， 且將不被敘述。於該第四具體實施例中，類似於該第一具 體實施例中之傳輸裝置16的突出部份44，該通氣孔36的開 口部份之開口面積爲0.4平方毫米或更小，且與該突出部 份44的頂部接觸之接觸平面及該頂部間之接觸部份的面積 係不大於該開口部份之面積的30%。 該凹入部份48之深度h係該突出部份44的高度之70% -35- 201134687 至 130%。 因爲該凹入部份48係形成在該外殼22之該部份中，且 該突出部份44係形成在該第四具體實施例的傳輸裝置16中 之凹入部份48中’當該輪胎被安裝至該輪圏時，該突出部 份44能被保護免於由於該突出部份44被該圓緣部份之撞擊 而受損。 因爲該圓緣部份係該環狀之形狀，如果該凹入部份48 之深度h係不低於該突出部份44的高度Η之70%，該突出部 份44能被保護免於由於該突出部份44被該圓緣部份之撞擊 而受損，縱使該凹入部份48之深度h係小於該突出部份44 的高度Η。 如圖20所說明，當該傳輸裝置16被提供於該胎腔區域 中時，該傳輸裝置16較佳地係被設置，以致該凹入部份48 沿著該輪胎轉軸之方向延伸。因爲該穿刺修補中所使用之 穿刺修補劑沿著該輪胎轉軸之方向流動，其係可能藉由沿 著該輪胎轉軸之方向形成該凹入部份48來防止該穿刺修補 劑保留環繞著該突出部份44之開口部份42。 在此，參考圖21，該凹入部份48沿著該輪胎轉軸之方 向的深度將被敘述。圖21係該傳輸裝置16之剖視圖。圖21中 之虛線顯示該凹入部份48之底部及該突出部份44。如在圖21 所說明，在該輪胎轉軸之方向中’該凹入部份48之深度朝內 無變化地增加（朝向該輪胎中線）。因爲該凹入部份48之深 度在該輪胎轉軸之方向中朝內無變化地增加’該穿刺修補劑 在該輪胎轉軸之方向中朝內流動，且因此其係可能防止該穿 -36- 201134687 刺修補劑保留環繞著該突出部份44之開口部份42。 (範例、比較範例、傳統範例） 該傳輸裝置16之突出部份44的效果被硏究如下。 該傳輸裝置16被提供於輪胎14之胎腔區域中，其尺寸 爲1 95/65R15，且該穿刺修補劑（ 45 0毫升）被注射進入該 胎腔區域。該輪胎14之氣壓爲200kPa。該輪胎14係藉由使 用室內轉鼓測試在每小時3 0公里遭受輪胎運轉測試。在每 一運轉步驟達30分鐘之後，該運轉被停止，該輪胎壓力被 減少達50kPa，且該輪胎壓力被測量。該氣壓係藉由使用 該監視裝置1 8所獲得。如果該正確之氣壓被偵測，亦即， 如果該壓力資料指示該減少達50kPa，則該氣壓對該原始 氣壓被增加達50kPa，且該輪胎被造成再次運轉。此過程 被重複。於此輪胎運轉測試中，硏究在其變得不可能正確 地測量該氣壓之前所消逝的時間。如果該氣壓可遍及1 0小 時之運轉被正確地測量，該裝置通過該測試，且被評估爲 能夠正確地測量該氣壓達很多小時之久而沒有問題，縱使 該穿刺修補劑被注射。該運轉時間之上限爲48小時。 (範例1至5、比較範例1至4、及傳統範例；） 藉由使用範例1至5及具有不同尺寸的突出部份44之比 較範例1至4，在其變得不可能正確地測量該氣壓之前所消 逝的運轉時間被硏究。 用於該等範例1及2及該等比較範例3及4中之突出部份 -37- 201134687 ，圖7A及7B所說明之形狀被使用。用於該等範例3至5及 該等範例1及2中之突出部份，圖8C所說明之形狀被使用。 於每一範例中，該斜角q爲45度。其他尺寸被使用，如表！ 所說明。該突出部份44係於該輪胎徑向中朝外定向。對於 其變得不可能正確地測fi該氣壓之前所消逝的運轉時間， 沒有該突出部份44之傳統範例亦被測試。在該運轉之後’ 該傳輸裝置16被取出，且不論該穿刺修補劑是否黏著至該 突出部份44或環繞該開口部份的部份是否被目視地檢查。 以下表1中之面積比率意指接觸部份之面積對該開口 部份之面積的比率。該接觸部份代表該突出部份4 4的頂部 及與該突出部份44的頂部接觸和垂直於該突出部份44之突 出方向的接觸平面間之部份。於該等範例1及2中’在該頂 部，與該突出部份44的頂部接觸的接觸平面之部份係一線 性背脊，如圖7A及7B所說明，且因此此部份之面積爲〇平 方毫米，及該面積比率爲〇%。 表1 範例 1 範例 2 範例 3 範例 4 範例 5 比較 範例1 比較 範例2 傳統 範例 比較 範例3 比較 範例4 開口部份之開口面積 0.39 <— <— <— < <— 0.50 1.19 0.39 0.50 (平方毫米） 面積比率（％) 0 <— 10 20 30 35 20 _ 0 <— 突出髙度（毫米） 2.0 1.0 2.0 < <— <— <— 0.0 0.5 1.0 48 12 48 32 12 9 5 60 8 5 運轉時間 小時 小時 小時 小時 小時 小時 小時 分鐘 小時 小時 穿刺修補劑是否黏著 被 <*— < <— <— <— <— <— 被 <— 至環繞開口部份的部 黏 黏 份 著 著 -38- 201134687 如由表1明瞭，範例1至5中之運轉時間爲1 0小時或更 長，且該氣壓可在每一運轉步驟中被正確地測量。在另一 方面，該等比較範例1至4中之運轉時間係比1 0小時較短， 且該氣壓在該1 〇小時運轉時間消逝之前不能被正確地測量 。這是假設藉由已封閉該開口部份或該通氣孔之穿刺修補 劑所造成。於該傳統例中，該運轉時間爲60分鐘。 由該等範例3至5及該等比較範例1及2間之比較，當該 開口部份42之開口面積爲0.4平方毫米或更小，且與該突 出部份44的頂部接觸之接觸平面和該頂部間之接觸部份的 面積係不大於該開口部份之面積的30%時，該氣壓可被正 確地被測量。在此時，由該等範例1及2與該等比較範例3 及4間之比較，當該突出部份44的高度爲1毫米或更大時， 該氣壓可被正確地測量。 (範例6 ) 再者，該突出部份44的斜面上之防水處理的效果被硏 究。 用於該範例6之突出部份，類似於該範例2，圖7 A及 7B所說明之形狀被使用，該突出高度爲1毫米，該開口部 份42之開口面積爲0.39平方毫米，該斜角q爲45度，且該 斜面係遭受該防水處理。該結果被說明在以下表2中。 -39- 201134687 表 2 範例2 範例6 突出部份之突出高度 (毫米） 1 1 斜角0 45度 45度 防水處理 未處理 已處理 運轉時間 1 2小時 48小時 穿刺修補劑是否黏著至突 出部份（斜面） 被黏著 幾乎沒有修 補劑被黏著 根據表2，範例6之運轉時間爲4 8小時，該4 8小時爲上 限’且幾乎沒有穿刺修補劑被黏著至該突出部份44。這指 示其對於將該斜面製成爲防水係較佳的。 雖然根據本發明的傳輸裝置及輪胎狀況監視系統已在 上面被詳細地敘述，根據本發明之傳輸裝置及輪胎狀況監 視系統不被限制於上述具體實施例，但可被以各種方式改 良或修改，而未由本發明之要旨脫離》 【圖式簡單說明】 ’ 圖1係輪胎壓力監視系統的一般槪觀圖，該輪胎壓力 監視系統係輪胎狀況監視系統之第一具體實施例。 圖2係一圖示，用以說明將圖1所說明之傳輸裝置固定 在胎腔區域中的方法之範例。 圖3係整個裝置之透視圖，其中圖2所說明之傳輸裝置 係與輪胎氣嘴整合。 圖4係該傳輸裝置取自沿著圖3所說明之剖線A-A的剖 -40- 201134687 視圖。 圖5係圖1所說明之傳輸裝置的電路方塊圖。 圖6係圖1所說明之監視裝置的電路方塊圖。 圖7A及7B係圖示，用以說明突出部份的形狀之範例 〇 圖8A至8C係圖示，用以說明該突出部份的形狀之其 他範例。 圖9A至9C係圖示，用以說明該突出部份的形狀之又 其他範例。 圖10A至10E係圖示，用以說明該第一具體實施例中 之突出部份的其他形式。 圖1 1係被使用於該輪胎壓力監視系統的傳輸裝置之第 二具體實施例的剖視圖。 圖12係一圖示，用以說明圖11所示傳輸裝置中之內部 空間。 圖13A及13B係圖示，用以說明與圖12所說明之儲集 空間不同的儲集空間之範例。 圖14係一圖示，用以說明圖11所示傳輸裝置的通氣孔 之又另一範例。 圖15係一圖示，用以說明圖11所示傳輸裝置的突出部 份之另一範例。 圖16A及16B係圖示，用以說明與圖11所示內部空間 不同的內部空間之範例。 圖P係該傳輸裝置之第三具體實施例的一般透視圖。 -41 - 201134687 圖1 8係一圖示，其說明圖丨7所說明之傳輸裝置的剖面 〇 圖1 9係一透視圖，說明被提供至圖丨7所說明之傳輸裝 置的外殻之突出部份及保護壁面。 圖2 0係一透視圖，說明環繞著該傳輸裝置的第四具體 實施例中之突出部份的外殼之形狀的範例。 圖21係該第四具體實施例中之傳輸裝置的另一範例之 剖視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10:輪胎壓力監視系統 1 2 :車輛 14、14a、14b、14c、14d:輪胎 16、16a、16b、16c、16d :氣壓資訊傳輸裝置 1 8 :監視裝置 1 9 :輪圏 2〇 :輪胎氣嘴 22 :外殻 22a :突出部份 22b :凹入部份 24 :電路 26 :基底 28 :感測器單元 28a :氣壓感測器 42- 201134687 28b : A/D轉換器 2 8 c :感測器面 30 :發送器 3 0 a :振動電路 3〇b :調變電路 3〇c :放大器電路 32 :處理單元 32a:中央處理區段 32b :記憶體區段 3 4 :電源區段 3 5 :內部空間 3 5 a、3 5 f :感測器空間 3 5 b、3 5 e :儲集空間 3 5 c :連接管 3 5 d :溝槽 3 6 :通氣孔 3 6a :外部開口部份 3 6 b :內部開口部份 36c :切角 3 7 :鎖定構件 3 9 :密封樹脂 40 ' 52 :天線 42 :開口部份 44 :突出部份 -43 201134687 44a :基底部份位置 44b :頂部最外面位置 44c :直線 44d :曲線 44e :突出構件 46 :保護壁面 4 8 :凹入部份 5 4 :接收區段 56 :接收緩衝器 58:中央處理區段 60 :記憶體區段 6 2 :操作區段 64 :開關 66 :顯示控制區段 6 8 :顯不區段 7 0 :電源區段 -44-BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission device that is provided in a tire cavity region to transmit tire information on a tire condition, and a tire condition monitoring system for determining whether a tire abnormality is caused. [Prior Art] Conventionally, the inspection and control of the air pressure of a tire mounted to a vehicle is intended to be used for improvement of tire durability, improvement of wear resistance, improvement of fuel economy, or improvement of ride quality, and handling performance. Improvement. Various systems for monitoring tire pressure have been proposed for this purpose. In this system, substantially, information about the air pressure of the tire mounted to the wheel is detected, and a transmission device for transmitting the information is provided in the tire cavity region of each wheel, and the air pressure of each tire Information is obtained by the transmission device to monitor the air pressure of the tire. On the other hand, when the tire leaks, a puncture repair agent to be injected into the cavity region between the tire and the rim is usually used. Since the puncture patch is a liquid, when the patch is injected into the cavity region, the repair agent adheres to a transport device provided in the tire cavity region and in the inner surface of the tire facing the tire cavity region. In some cases, the repair agent becomes solidified to close the open portion formed in the transport device, affecting the measurement of the air pressure. In order to deal with this problem, a wheel condition detecting device-5-201134687 capable of maintaining a normal detection condition by preventing a foreign substance from entering through a conducting portion for detection has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Application No. 2008) -62 73 No. 0). More specifically, the TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System) nozzle of the wheel condition detecting device is provided with a conducting portion opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the through hole formed in the casing. At the time of puncture repair, the puncture repair agent is prevented from entering the detection space through the through hole. The conduction portion opening and closing mechanism is composed of a mechanical body including a cover body and a torsion coil spring, and the conduction hole is automatically opened and closed by centrifugal force acting on the wheel. Furthermore, a tire pressure monitoring system and a tire pressure sensor unit are proposed to notify the passenger that the tire pressure may be lowered after the puncture tire is repaired by using the tire puncture repair agent (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Application No. 2007) - 1 968 3 4)) More specifically, the tire pressure monitoring system is provided to each tire of the vehicle, and is provided with a sensor unit having a tire pressure sensor and a transmitter; a receiving device For receiving radio waves by the sensor unit; and controlling the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) for giving an alarm when the air pressure of each tire becomes lower than or equal to one turn. The system is provided with a puncture judging mechanism for judging the puncture of each tire; and a puncture repair agent use judging mechanism for judging whether the puncture tire is repaired by using the puncture repair agent after the tire burst is judged . When it is judged that the puncture tire is repaired by using the puncture repairing agent, the control ECU continues the If report even if the tire pressure from the air pressure sensor is normal. The opening and closing mechanism of the device of the device described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-62730, which is incorporated by reference to the Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-62730, is composed of a mechanical body including the cover body and the torsion coil spring. Complex and expensive. In the system and unit described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-196834, it is not believed whether the information on the tire pressure measured by using the puncture repair agent after the repair of the tire is correct. Therefore, it is impossible to judge whether or not the tire abnormality is caused after the puncture repair. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a transport device capable of appropriately detecting and transmitting tire information such as tire pressure information, even after repairing a tire puncture using a puncture repair agent, and to determine whether A tire condition monitoring system that causes abnormal tires. According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a transport device provided in the region of the tire cavity for transmitting tire information regarding the condition of the tire. The device includes: a sensor that detects the condition of the gas filled in the cavity region surrounded by the tire and the rim as the tire information; and the transmitter wirelessly transmits the detected tire information. And the housing 'which houses the sensor and the transmitter. An opening portion connecting the inner space of the outer casing and the vent hole of the tire cavity region is formed on the surface of the outer casing. The opening portion is formed on the top of the protruding portion protruding from the surface of the outer casing in a direction of 201134687, and has a length of 0. An area of 4 mm 2 or less, the height of the protruding portion is 1 mm or more. When the contact plane is in contact with the top and perpendicular to the protruding direction of the protruding portion, the contact plane and the top portion The area of the contact portion is not more than 30% of the area of the opening portion. In a cross-sectional profile taken from a plane along a plane parallel to the protruding direction of the protruding portion and passing through the center of the opening portion, the oblique angle of a line segment with respect to the surface of the outer casing is preferably not less than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, the line segment is obtained by connecting the position of the base portion of the protruding portion and the position of the top portion, and is in a hypothetical straight line and farthest from the center. The opening portion faces the outer open end of the vent hole of the tire cavity region, and when the opening portion is referred to as the outer opening portion, the inner opening portion of the vent hole facing the inner space is preferably The ground has a larger opening area than the outer opening portion. Further, the protective wall surface is preferably provided to the surface of the outer casing, the height of the protective wall surface being 70% to 1 30% of the height of the protruding portion from the surface of the outer casing. The concave portion is formed by partially recessing the outer casing, and the protruding portion is provided to the concave portion, and the depth of the concave portion is 70% to 130 of the height of the protruding portion %. According to a second aspect of the present invention, a tire condition monitoring system is provided. The system includes: a transmitting device; a receiving device; and a monitoring section. -8- 201134687 The transmission device includes a sensor that detects the condition of the gas filled in the cavity region surrounded by the tire and the rim as tire information; the transmitter transmits the detected tire wirelessly Information; and a housing that houses the sensor and the transmitter. An opening portion connecting the inner space of the outer casing and the vent hole of the tire cavity region is formed in the surface of the outer casing. The opening portion is formed on the top of the protruding portion protruding in a direction from the surface of the outer casing, and the opening portion has 0. 4 square millimeters or smaller. The height of the protruding portion is 1 mm or more. When the contact plane is in contact with the top and perpendicular to the protruding direction of the protruding portion, the area of the contact portion between the contact plane and the top portion is not more than 30% of the area of the opening portion. The receiving device receives tire information transmitted by the transmitter. The monitoring section determines whether a tire abnormality has occurred and notifies the decision result based on the tire information. [Embodiment] The transmission device and the tire condition monitoring system of the present invention will be described in detail below. 1 is a general perspective view of a tire pressure monitoring system 10 which is one embodiment of the tire condition monitoring system. (First embodiment: observation of the tire pressure monitoring system) -9- 201134687 The tire pressure monitoring system (hereinafter referred to as "system") 1 is mounted on the vehicle 12. The system 10 includes pneumatic information transmission devices (hereinafter referred to as "transmission devices") 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d and monitoring devices 18 that are provided to tires 14a, 14b of individual wheels of the vehicle 12, Individual tire cavity areas in 14c, and 14d. All of the transmission devices 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d detect information about the pressure of the air entering the cavity region surrounded by the tires and the rim as tire information, and wirelessly transmit the tire information to The monitoring device 18. Thereafter, all of the transmission devices 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d will be referred to collectively as the transmission device 16 for all of the transmission devices 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d. (First Embodiment: Structure of Transmission Device) Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method of fixing the transmission device 16 in the cavity region. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the entire apparatus in which the transport unit 16 illustrated in Figure 2 is integrated with the tire nozzle 20. The conveying device 16 is provided to an end portion of the tire air nozzle 20 extending on one side of the tire cavity region, and is fixed and disposed on the tire by mechanically fixing the tire air nozzle 20 to the rim 19 In the cavity area. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the transport device 16 taken along line A-A of Figure 3; As illustrated in Figure 4, the transport device 16 includes a housing 22 and circuitry 24 provided in the housing 22. The circuit 24 includes a substrate 26 and a sensor unit 28, a transmitter 30, a processing unit 32, a power section 34, and an antenna 40 provided to the substrate 26 (see Figure 5). -10- 201134687 FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram of the transmission device 16. The sensor unit 28 includes a gas pressure sensor 28a and an A/D converter 28b. The air pressure sensor 28a senses the air pressure in the internal space 35 in the outer casing 22 and outputs a pressure signal. The inner space 35 in the outer casing 22 is electrically connected to the space in the cavity region through the vent hole 36 of the opening portion 42 through the outer casing 22 (see Fig. 4). The A/D converter 28b performs digital conversion of the pressure signal output from the air pressure sensor 28a, and outputs pressure data. The processing unit 32 includes a central processing section 32a and a memory section 32b. The central processing section 3 2 a operates based on a program stored in the semiconductor memory of the memory section 3 2 b. When the central processing section 32a is powered and driven, it is controlled such that the pressure data is transmitted to the monitoring device 1 via the transmitter 30 at predetermined time intervals, for example every five minutes. Information about the air pressure is sent and sent by the sensor unit 28. The identification information unique to the transmission device 16 is pre-stored in the memory segment 32b, and the central processing segment 32a is controlled such that the identification information is transmitted to the monitoring device 18 along with the pressure data. The memory section 32b includes a ROM for storing a program for the operation of the central processing section 32a, and a rewritable nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM. The unique identification information for the transmission device 16 is stored in the unwritable area in the memory section 3A. The transmitter 30 includes a vibration circuit 30a, a modulation circuit 3 Ob, and an amplifier circuit 30c. The vibration circuit 30a generates a carrier signal, such as an RF signal belonging to the band 315 MHz -11 - 201134687. The modulation circuit 30b modulates the carrier signal by using the pressure data sent from the central processing section 32a and the identification information unique to the transmission device 16 to generate a transmission signal. As a modulation method, methods such as amplitude modulation (ASK), frequency modulation (FM), wave frequency modulation (FSK), phase modulation (PM), and phase modulation (PSK) can be used. The amplifier circuit 30c amplifies the transmission signal ' generated by the modulation circuit 3'b and wirelessly transmits the transmission signal to the monitoring device 18 via the antenna 40. For example, a secondary battery is used as the power supply section 34 to supply power almost to the sensor unit 28, the transmitter 30, and the processing unit 32 almost permanently. The portion formed in the surface of the outer casing 22 housing the circuit 24 is connected to the inner space 35 in the outer casing 22 and the open portion 42 of the tire cavity region, as illustrated in FIG. The opening portion 42 is formed on the top of the protruding portion 44 projecting radially outward from the surface of the outer casing 22 (upward in FIG. 4), and the vent hole 36 extends from the opening portion 42 to The protruding portion 44. The opening portion 42 and the protruding portion 44 will be described later. In this embodiment, although the transmission device 16 detects the pressure of the air charged in the tire cavity region as the condition of the tire, the condition of the tire to be detected may include the air in the tire cavity region. Temperature and the air pressure. Further, the transmission device 16 can be fixed not only to the tire air nozzle 20' -12- 201134687 but also directly to the inner surface of the tire and facing the tire cavity region or The rim 19 faces the surface of the tire cavity region. (First Embodiment: Structure of Monitoring Device) FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram of the monitoring device 18. The monitoring device 18 is mounted, for example, in front of the position of the driver's seat of the vehicle 12, and notifies the driver of the information about the air pressure. The monitoring device 18 includes an antenna 52, a receiving section 54, a receiving buffer 56, a central processing section 58, a telescope section 60, an operating section 62, a switch 64, a display control section 66, a display section 68, And power section 70. The frequency of the antenna 52 matches the transmission frequency of the transmission device 16, and the antenna 52 is coupled to the receiving section 54. The receiving section 54 receives the transmission signal of the predetermined frequency, and the signal is sent and demodulated by the transmitting device 16 to retrieve the pressure data and the information of the identification information. These pieces of data are output to the receiving buffer 56. The receiving buffer 56 temporarily stores the pressure data output by the receiving section 54 and the information of the identification information. The stored pressure data and the information of the identification information are output to the central processing section 58 in accordance with the direction of the central processing section 58. The central processing section 58 is primarily comprised of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and operates based on programs stored in the memory section 60. For identifying each segment of information, the central processing section 58 monitors the air pressure of each of the tires 14a through 14d based on the received pressure data and identification information. More specifically, the central processing section 58 judges whether or not the tire abnormality is caused based on the pressure -13 - 201134687, and notifies the judgment result. A determination as to whether the tire is abnormal will determine whether the air pressure drops to an abnormally low level or drops sharply in a short period of time to indicate, for example, that the tire is blasted. The central processing section 58 outputs the determination result to the display control section 66, and causes the display section 68 to output the determination result via the display control section 66. Further, the central processing section 58 initializes a communication method or the like with the transmission means 16 based on information from the operation section 62 and information from the switch 64. Further, the central processing section 58 can set a determination condition for judging whether or not the tire is abnormal based on information from the operation section 62. The memory section 60 includes a ROM for storing a program for operating the CPU of the central processing section 58, and a non-volatile memory such as an EEPROM. During manufacture, a table of communication methods with the transmission device 16 is stored in the memory section 60. The transmission device 16 and the monitoring device 18 are in communication with each other at an early stage by the above communication method. The communication method table includes, for example, a communication protocol, a transmission bit rate, and a data format corresponding to the identification information unique to the transmission device 16. The setting of these pieces of information can be changed more freely from the input of the operating section 62. The operating section 62 includes input means such as a keyboard and is used to input various information and conditions. The switch 64 is used to direct the central processing section 58 to begin initialization. The display control section 66 controls the display section 68' to display the tire pressure corresponding to the installation position of the tire based on the judgment result from the central processing section 58. At the same time, the display control section 66 performs control' to cause -14-201134687. The display section 68 also displays a judgment result such as that the tire has been blasted. The power section 70 controls the supply of appropriate voltages from the batteries mounted to the vehicle 12 and supplies them to the individual portions of the monitoring device 18. The transmission device 16 and the monitoring device 18 are formed as described above. (First embodiment: protruding portion of the transmission device) The outer casing 22 of the transmission device 16 is provided with a casing (Fig. 4) of the protruding portion 44, wherein the opening portion 42 of the vent hole 36 is Formed as described above. The opening portion 42, the protruding portion 44, and the vent hole 36 will be described in detail below. The opening portion 42 connects the internal space 35 in the outer casing 22 and the cavity region engaged with the venting opening 36. The opening portion 42 is formed on the top of the protruding portion 44 which protrudes in a direction from the surface of the outer casing 22. The protruding portion 44 protrudes from the surface of the outer casing 22 and the area of the opening portion 42 is not more than 0. 4 square millimeters. Furthermore, a contact plane with the top of the protruding portion 44 and perpendicular to the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44 exists (may be assumed), and the area of the contact portion between the contact plane and the top portion is not larger than 30% of the area of the opening portion. The protruding portion 44 has a protruding height of 1 mm or more. In a specific embodiment described hereinafter, any one of the protruding portions 44 has a height of 1 mm or more. Further, in the cross-sectional profile taken from the protruding portion 44 along the plane parallel to the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44 (the vertical direction in Fig. 4) and the center passing through the opening portion 42, a line segment is relatively Preferably, the oblique angle q of the surface of the outer casing 22 is not less than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, wherein the line segment is -15-201134687 by connecting the base portion of the protruding portion 44 in a hypothetical straight line. And the position of the top portion (the position farthest from the center of the opening portion 42) is obtained. Preferably, the bevel q is 45 degrees or more. Why is the oblique angle q less than 90 degrees if the oblique angle q is 90 degrees or more 'the area of the top of the protruding portion 44 becomes larger relative to the opening area' which increases the adhesion of the puncture repair agent to the top The possibility of closing the opening portion 42 and the vent hole 36. Figure 7A is a perspective view of the protruding portion 4 4 illustrated in Figure 4. Figure 7B is a cross-sectional view taken from a projection 44 along a plane passing through the center of the opening portion 42. As is understood from the cross-sectional profile in Fig. 7B, the projection 44 has a truncated cone having a slope inclined at a constant angle. In the cross-sectional profile, a hypothetical straight line 44c connecting the base portion position 44a and the top outermost position 44b of the protruding portion 44 coincides with a straight line of the inclined surface of the protruding portion 44 and is inclined at a constant angle in the cross-sectional contour. . The oblique angle q of the straight line 44c with respect to the surface of the outer casing 22 is not less than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees. The opening portion 42 is connected to the vent hole 36 through the wall surface of the outer casing 22. The protruding portion 44 is formed on the surface of the outer casing 22, and the opening portion 42 is formed on the top of the protruding portion 44 as described above so as to avoid adhesion of the liquid puncture repairing agent. The tire is injected into the cavity region for puncture repair to the periphery of the opening portion 42 formed in the outer casing 22. Further, if the puncture repair agent splashes and adheres to the opening portion 42', the surface tension prevents the puncture repair agent from entering the vent hole 36 from the opening portion 42. -16- 201134687 A few hundred milliliters of puncture repair agent is injected into the cavity area at the time of the puncture repair. After the puncture repair agent is injected into the cavity region, the puncture repair agent that has entered the puncture site having a hole is solidified while the tire is rotated to thereby fill the puncture hole. However, the excess liquid puncture repair agent is splashed in the area of the tire cavity and adheres to the inner surface of the tire and the surface of the transport device due to the rotation of the tire. At this time, the vent hole 36 formed in the outer casing 22 can be closed. Therefore, in this embodiment, the opening portion 42 connected to the vent hole 36 is formed on the top of the protruding portion 44, thereby making it less likely that the puncture repair agent adheres to the opening portion 42. The periphery, and as a result, it is possible to prevent the puncture repair agent from closing the vent hole 36. Furthermore, since the opening portion 42 has an opening area of 0. 4 mm 2 or less, it is possible to prevent the puncture repair agent from entering the vent hole 36 from the opening portion 42 even though the puncture repair agent adheres to the periphery of the opening portion 42. The upper limit of the height of the protruding portion 44 is preferably 5 mm. If the protruding height is greater than the limit, it is highly likely that the protruding portion 44 becomes an obstacle in the installation of the tire nozzle and the attachment of the tire to the rim or the separation of the tire from the rim. Since the opening portion 42 faces outward in the radial direction of the tire, the puncture repair agent is splashed outward in the radial direction of the tire due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the tire 14. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that the puncture repair agent enters the vent hole from the opening portion 42. In the example illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the top portion -17-201134687 of the protruding portion 44 corresponds to The outer peripheral line of the edge of the opening portion 42. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that the puncture repair agent adheres to the top of the opening portion and the puncture repair agent has a very small chance to close the opening portion 42 and the vent hole 36. Further, the slope between the base portion position 44a and the top outermost position 4 4 b of the projection portion 44 is preferably a waterproof surface. As the material of the waterproof surface, a sulfhydryl resin, a fluorine-based resin, a modified resin, or the like obtained by grafting a methoxyalkyl group or a fluoroalkyl group is used. Alternatively, the bevel may be provided with a micro-roughness that imparts water resistance. By making the beveled surface waterproof, the puncture repairing agent becomes less likely to adhere to the beveled surface and it is possible to reduce the possibility of clogging of the opening portion 42 and the vent hole 36. It is preferable that the inner peripheral surface of the opening portion 42 and the inner peripheral surface of the vent hole 36 connected to the opening portion 42 are also made waterproof, except for the truncated cone. The portion 44 can have one of the shapes having the cross-sectional profiles illustrated in Figures 8A through 8C. As illustrated in Figs. 8A and 8B, the slope connecting the base portion position 44a and the top outermost portion 44b of the projecting portion 44 may be a curved surface. In the example of Fig. 8A, in the cross-sectional profile, a curve 44d connecting the inclined portion of the base portion position 44a and the top outermost portion 44b is convex in the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44. In the example of Fig. 8B, in the cross-sectional profile, a curve 44d connecting the inclined portion of the base portion position 44a and the top outermost portion 44b is recessed in the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44. In these examples, the opening area of the opening portion 42 formed on the top of the protruding portion 44 is 〇·4 mm 2 or less. When a contact plane is formed in contact with the top of the protruding portion 44 and perpendicular to the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44, the area of the contact portion between the contact plane and the top portion is not larger than the area of the opening portion. 30%. The opening portion 42 is connected to the vent hole 36 through the outer casing 22. In the cross-sectional profile of the protruding portion 44, a virtual straight line 44c (dashed line in FIGS. 8A and 8B) connecting the base portion position 44a of the protruding portion 44 and the top outermost position 44b with respect to the surface of the outer casing 22 is The oblique angle q is not less than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees. Preferably, the bevel q is 45 degrees or more. If the base portion position 44a or the top outermost position 44b is undefined, as in the example illustrated in FIGS. 8A and 8B, for example, as one percent of the protruding height of the protruding portion 44 (from The position of the slope of the height of the face of the outer casing 22 can be defined as the base portion position 44a and is ninety-nine percent of the protruding height of the protruding portion 44 (from the side of the outer casing 22) The position of the bevel of the height can be defined as the top outermost position 44b » In this case, the top is the area of the protruding portion 44 which is ninety-nine percent of the protruding height of the protruding portion 44. And bigger. The example illustrated in Fig. 8C has a shape having a partially flat face at the top of the protruding portion 44 in the truncated cone. The protruding height of the protruding portion 44 (the height from the base portion position 44a to the top outermost position 44b) is similar to the protruding portion 44 illustrated in Figs. 8A and 8B, and is formed on the top of the protruding portion 44. The opening area of the opening portion 42 is 0. 4 square millimeters or less. When the contact plane with the protruding portion of the protruding portion 44 and perpendicular to the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44 of -19-201134687 exists, the area of the contact portion between the contact plane and the top portion is not larger than the opening portion. 30% of the area. At this time, if the contact portion between the contact plane and the top portion is undefined, the contact portion is an area of the protruding portion 44 in each of the sections of the certain height, and the height is It stands at 99% to 100% of the height. When a contact plane is formed in contact with a region of each of the segments and perpendicular to a protruding direction of the protruding portion 44, a contact portion between the contact plane and the region of each of the segments The area is no more than 30% of the area of the open portion of the area of each of the sections. In this case, with respect to the surface of the outer casing 22, in the cross-sectional shape, the base portion position 44a of the protruding portion 44 and the top outermost position 44b (the farthest from the center of the protruding portion 44) The oblique angle q of the imaginary straight line 44c (which coincides with the straight line 44d of the inclined surface) is preferably not less than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees. Preferably, the bevel q is not less than 45 degrees. The opening portion 42 is connected to the vent hole 36 through the outer casing 22 in each of the examples illustrated in Figs. 8A to 8C, and the opening portion 42 of the protruding portion 44 is preferably attached to the tire path. Heading out to the outside. Further, the slope between the base portion position 44a of the protruding portion 44 and the top outermost portion 44b is preferably a waterproof surface. Furthermore, the top surface is preferably also a waterproof surface. Further, in addition to the truncated cone, the protruding portion 44 may have a truncated cone shape. As illustrated in Figures 9A through 9C, a protruding member 44e fixed to the outer casing 22 can be provided as the protruding portion 44. The protruding member 44e is an outer casing member -20-201134687 which is formed as a truncated cone or a truncated cone and does not have a bottom surface. In this case, the opening portion 42 is formed on the top of the protruding member 44e. The protruding member 44e can be joined to the surface of the outer casing 22 by an adhesive or the like as illustrated in Fig. 9A. As illustrated in Fig. 9B, the projecting member 44e can be fixed to the outer casing 22 by attaching the inner surface of the projecting member 44e to the projecting portion 22a provided to the surface of the outer casing 22. As illustrated in Fig. 9C, the protruding member 44e can be fixed to the outer casing 22 by the concave portion 22b formed by the outer surface of the protruding member 44e in the surface of the outer casing 22 in Figs. 9A to 9C. In each of the illustrated examples, the opening area of the opening portion 42 formed on the top of the protruding portion 44 is 0. 4 square millimeters or less. When a contact plane is formed in contact with the top of the protruding portion 44 and perpendicular to the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44, the area of the contact portion between the contact plane and the top portion is not larger than the area of the opening portion. 3 0%. The opening portion 42 of the protruding portion 44 is preferably facing outward in the radial direction of the tire. In the cross-sectional profile taken from the projecting portion 44 along the plane parallel to the protruding direction of the projecting portion 44 and the center of the opening portion 42, the oblique angle of a line segment with respect to the surface of the outer casing 22 is preferably The ground system is not less than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, wherein the line segment has a hypothetical straight line obtained by connecting the position of the base portion and the position of the top portion 4 2 farthest from the center of the protruding portion 44. . Preferably, the angle is not less than 45 degrees. Further, the slope between the base portion position 44a of the protruding member 44e and the top outermost portion 44b is preferably a waterproof surface. Further, the top surface is preferably also a waterproof surface. -21 - 201134687 In this case, it is possible to increase the sectional area of the vent hole 36 through the outer casing 22. The projection 44 can be comprised of an alternative locking member 37, as illustrated in Figures 10A through 10E. As illustrated in Figures 10A through 10E, the locking member 37 is provided with the protruding portion 44 having a vent hole positioned in the top position of the locking member 37 when the locking member 37 is mounted to the outer casing 22. The opening portion of 36. Since the opening portion of the vent hole 36 is formed on the top of the locking member 37, the puncture repairing agent adhered to the top of the protruding portion 44 having the opening portion is likely to slide away from a slope, and is less May stay on the top. In particular, the slope of the protruding portion 44 surrounding the opening portion is preferably a waterproof surface. As the material of the waterproof surface, a sulfhydryl resin, a fluorine-based resin, a modified resin or the like obtained by grafting a germyl group or a fluoroalkyl group is used. Alternatively, the bevel may be provided with a micro-roughness that imparts water resistance. By making the bevel surface waterproof, the puncture repair agent becomes less likely to adhere to the bevel. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility of clogging the vent hole 36 with the puncture repair agent. As in each of the examples illustrated in FIGS. 10A and 10C, the locking member 37 may be mounted to the outer casing 22 by friction to lock the member 37 to the side of the opening hole formed in the outer casing 22, or may be It is installed by assembly or press-in. Alternatively, as illustrated in Figures 10B, 10D, and 10E, the locking member 37 can be mounted to the outer casing 22 by a screw lock. Thereby, the area of the opening portion in the projecting portion 44 composed of a locking member 37 is 0 - 4 square millimeters or less. The area of the contact portion between the top portion and the contact plane of the -22-201134687 top surface of the protruding portion and the protruding direction perpendicular to the protruding portion is not more than 30% of the area of the opening portion. Furthermore, in the cross-sectional profile taken from a plane along a plane parallel to the direction in which the projection is directed and through the center of the opening portion, the oblique angle of a line segment relative to the surface of the outer casing 22 is Preferably, the line is not less than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, wherein the line segment is obtained by connecting the position of the base portion and the position of the top portion farthest from the center of the protruding portion, and has a hypothetical straight line. Preferably, the bevel is not less than 45 degrees. Further, in the cross-sectional profile, the oblique angle of the slope between the base portion and the top of the protruding portion 44 is preferably constant. The opening portion of the locking member 37 is preferably facing outward in the radial direction of the tire. This preferred form is also preferred in the second to fourth embodiments described below. (Second embodiment: a transport device having a protruding portion) Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the transport device 16. The circuit arrangement of the monitoring device used with the transmission device 16 of the second embodiment is similar to the monitoring device 18 of the first embodiment. The transmission device 16 illustrated in Figure 11 includes the housing 22 and circuitry 24 provided in the housing 22, similar to the transmission device 16 illustrated in Figure 4 . The circuit 24 includes a substrate 26, and a sensor unit 28, a transmitter 30, a processing unit 32, a power section 34, and an antenna (not illustrated) provided to the substrate 26. In the outer casing 22, an inner space 35 is formed, and the inner space 35 has a sensor space 35a and a storage space 35b for collecting and storing liquid such as a puncture repair agent having entered the inner space 35. The outer casing 22 is provided with an inner space 35 connecting the outer casing 22 and a cavity portion and a protruding portion 44 protruding toward the tire cavity region through the vent hole 36 » of the outer casing 22 to be provided to The surface of the outer casing 22. The outer opening portion 36a of the vent hole 36 is formed on the top of the protruding portion 44. On the other hand, the inner opening portion 36b of the vent hole 36 is formed in the inner surface of the outer casing 22, where the vent hole 36 faces the inner space 35 (the sensor space 35a). The sensor space 35a is formed between the vent hole 36 and the sensor unit 28, and the sensor surface of the sensor unit 28 faces the sensor space 3 5 a In a specific embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, the opening area of the outer opening portion 36a of the vent hole 36 is 0. 4 square millimeters or less. Furthermore, the area of the contact plane contacting the top of the protruding portion 44 and the contact portion between the top portions is not more than 30% of the area of the outer opening portion 36a * because the top portion of the protruding portion 44 is The contact contact surface and the contact portion between the top portions are not larger than 30% of the area of the outer opening portion 36a, and the liquid such as the tire puncture repair agent becomes less likely to adhere to the outer opening portion. 3 around 6a. Because the opening area of the outer opening portion 36a is 0. 4 square millimeters or less, a liquid such as the tire puncture repair agent becomes less likely to enter the vent hole 36. The height of the protruding portion 44 is 1 mm or more. The height of the protruding portion 44 is preferably 5 mm or less. Further, the inner opening portion 36b of the vent hole 36 has a larger opening area than the outer opening portion 36a. -24- 201134687 In the inner region surrounded by the wall surface of the outer casing 22, the sealing resin 39 is filled as an inner member while retaining the inner space 35. In other words, the internal space 35 is formed by the inner wall surface of the outer casing 22 and the inner wall surface of the inner member provided to the outer casing 22. Therefore, the internal space 35 is smaller than the inner region surrounded by the wall surface of the outer casing 22. Further, as illustrated in Fig. 11, the profile of the sensor space 35a is increased by the cross section of the inner opening portion 36b of the vent hole 36. In the outer casing 22, the venting opening 36 is provided as the only passage connecting the tire cavity region and the inner space 35. This is because if there are a plurality of vent holes 3 6, it is very easy for a liquid such as the puncture repair agent to enter the vent hole 36. When the liquid such as the puncture repair agent closes the outer opening portion 36a, by providing the vent hole 36 as the only passage connecting the tire cavity region and the inner space 35, the liquid such as the puncture repair agent becomes It is less likely to resist the pressure in the enclosed internal space 35 into the internal space 35. Although at least one side of the wall surface of the inner space 35 is formed by the sealing resin 39, the inner member is not limited to the sealing resin 39. As the inner member, a resin material formed into a predetermined shape can be processed. As described above, the inner space 35 of the outer casing 22 connecting the transport device 16 and the sectional area of the vent hole 36 of the tire cavity region are continuously continuous when the outer opening portion 36a faces the inner opening portion 36b. increase. The outer opening portion 36a of the vent hole 36 is formed on the top of the protruding portion 44, and the top portion protrudes from the surface of the outer casing 22 toward the tire cavity region by 1 mm or longer. By forming the outer opening portion 36a on the top of the protruding portion 44, it is possible to prevent the puncture repair agent from adhering to the outer opening portion 36a even if the puncture repair agent is introduced into the The cavity area is for puncture repair. In particular, since the protruding portion 44 is provided to the outer casing 22 to protrude outward in the radial direction of the tire, it may be outward in the radial direction of the tire due to the centrifugal force caused by the rolling of the tire. The puncture repair agent that has adhered to the protruding portion 44 is removed. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the puncture repair agent from adhering to the outer opening portion 36a. Further, by changing the cross section of the vent hole 36 instead of making it uniform, the surface tension in the vicinity of the inner opening portion 36b is smaller than that in the vicinity of the outer opening portion 36a, and the capillary phenomenon It becomes less likely to occur, which makes it difficult for the puncture repair agent to enter the vent hole 36. If the puncture repair agent enters the vent hole 3 6 'the opening area of the inner opening portion 36b is larger than the opening area of the outer opening portion 36a', and therefore, the puncture repair agent does not stay in the vent hole 3 6, but quickly moved into the internal space 3 5 . The opening area of the inner opening portion 36b is preferably four times or more the opening area of the outer opening portion 36a to prevent the puncture repair agent from entering the vent hole 36 and closing the vent hole 36. The inner opening portion 36b of the vent hole 36 is provided with a chamfer angle 36c' to prevent the puncture repair agent from staying' and is allowed to flow out of the vent hole 3 6 quickly. Instead of the chamfer 36c, the edge of the inner opening portion 36b can be made into a circular shape having a curvature. Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining the internal space 35 in the transmission device illustrated in Figure 。. -26- 201134687 In the internal space 35, the sensor space facing the sensor surface of the sensor unit 28 is formed in the vent hole 36 and the sensor unit 28 The inner wall surface of the sealing resin 39 provided in the outer casing 22 and the inner wall surface of the outer casing 22 are formed. The sensor space 35a is smaller than the inner area surrounded by the inner wall surface of the outer casing 22, and the sectional area of the sensor space 35a is increased by the sectional area of the inner opening portion 36b of the vent hole 36. The reservoir space 35b is separately provided by the sensor space 35a, and is connected to the sensor space 35a via a connecting pipe 35c. The sensor space 35a is cylindrical, and a groove 35d extending from the inner opening portion 36b is formed in a wall surface (top surface) of the sensor space 35a provided with the inner opening portion 36b. . The inner opening portion 36b illustrated in Fig. 12 is formed substantially at the center of the circular wall surface (top surface), and the two grooves 35d are extended in different directions by the inner opening portion 36b. In the illustration, in the side of the cylindrical sensor space 35a, the two grooves 35d extend to a wall surface as a bottom surface in the illustration. The groove 35d extending from the side surface extends to the edge of the circular wall surface as the bottom surface in the drawing, and the two grooves 35d extend along the edge of the bottom surface and are connected to the connecting pipe 35c. Therefore, the liquid such as the puncture repairing agent that has entered the sensor space 35a from the inner opening portion 36b is guided by the grooves 35d, flows into the connecting pipe 35c, and is stored in the storage space 35b. . In other words, the grooves 35d have the function of guiding grooves for the puncture repair agent. Since the sectional area of the vent hole 36 is increased from the outer opening portion -27-201134687 36a toward the inner opening portion 36b as described above, the capillary phenomenon is less likely to occur, and the sectional area with the vent hole is In the case of a uniform prior art, a liquid system such as the puncture repair agent is less likely to enter the venting opening 36 from the outer opening portion 36a. Even if the liquid such as the puncture repair agent enters the internal space 35, it does not stay in the vent hole 36, but flows into the internal space 35 (sensor space 35a), and finally flows into the space along the groove 35d. The storage space 35b. As a result, it is possible to prevent the liquid such as the puncture repair agent from wetting the sensor face and inhibiting the operation of the sensor in the sensor space 35a. In the example illustrated in Fig. 12, although the two grooves 35d extend from the inner opening portion 36b, the number of the grooves 35d may be one, three, or more. However, it is preferred to provide three or more grooves 35d to effectively allow liquid such as the puncture repair agent to flow into the reservoir space 35b. 13A and 13B are diagrams for explaining a modification of the reservoir space 35e different from the reservoir space 35b illustrated in Fig. 12. Fig. 13A is a plan view, and Fig. 13B is a side view. The internal space 35 includes the sensor space 35a and the reservoir space 35e. The reservoir space 35e is provided closer to the substrate 26 than the sensor space 35a. The sensor space 35a is provided between the vent 36 and the sensor unit 28. This reservoir space 35e is provided to surround the sensor unit 28. In the wall surface of the sensor space 35a provided with the inner opening portion 36b, a groove 35d extending from the inner opening portion 36b toward the reservoir space 35e is formed. -28- 201134687 Therefore, in the example illustrated in Figures 13A and 1 3B, similar to the example illustrated in Figure 12, even if a liquid such as the puncture repair agent adheres to the outer opening portion 3 6 a ' The cross-sectional area of the vent hole 36 is increased from the outer opening portion 36a toward the inner opening portion 36b, and thus is compared with the prior art in which the sectional area of the vent hole is a uniform sentence, such as the puncture repair agent. Liquid systems are less likely to enter. Even if the liquid such as the puncture repair agent enters the inner space 35, it does not stay in the vent hole 36, but flows into the inner space 35' and finally flows into the reservoir space 35e along the grooves 35d. The result is that it may prevent the liquid such as the puncture repair agent from wetting the sensor face and inhibiting the operation of the sensor in the sensor space 35a. Figure 14 is a diagram showing still another modification of the venting opening 36 of the transporting device 16 illustrated in Figure 11. The venting opening 36 illustrated in Fig. 14 is different from the venting opening 36 illustrated in Fig. 11. The sectional area of the venting opening is gradually increased from the outer opening portion 36a toward the inner opening portion 36b. The edge of the inner opening portion 36b of the vent hole 36 is chamfered. In the vent hole 36, the sectional area of the vent hole 36 is gradually increased from the outer opening portion 36a toward the inner opening portion 36b, even if the liquid such as the puncture repairing agent is adhered to the outer opening portion 36a. And thus the capillary phenomenon is less likely to occur and is compared to prior art cases where the cross-sectional area of the vent is uniform, such as the liquid system of the puncture repair agent being less likely to enter the vent 36 and the interior space 3 5. Figure 15 is a diagram for explaining another modification of the protruding portion 44 of the transport device 16 illustrated in Figure 11. In the case of the projection 44 illustrated in Fig. 11, when the projection 44 is cut along a plane -29-201134687 including the central axis of the vent 36, the projection 44 faces the tire. The bevel of the cavity region is provided with a curved portion where the bevel is reduced on its way to the top of the protruding portion 44. As a result, the slope has a convex shape toward the tire cavity region. On the other hand, in the modification illustrated in Fig. 15, the slope of the protruding portion 44 is formed in a curved shape to form a convex portion toward the cavity portion. In this manner, in the convex shape toward the tire cavity region, by forming the inclined surface of the protruding portion 44, it may be efficiently provided with the outer opening portion 36a toward the inner opening portion 3 6b increased cross-sectional shape vents 36. If the slope of the protruding portion 44 is in a concave shape toward the cavity region, the thickness of the wall surface between the slope surface and the inner surface of the vent hole may be thin and have a direction from the outer opening portion The increased cross-sectional area of the inner opening portion. The projection 44 can then be deformed under a small external force (e.g., the force received when the tire is attached to the rim or when the tire is separated by the rim). Therefore, it is preferable that the inclined surface of the protruding portion 44 is formed in the protruding shape toward the tire cavity region. In the protruding portion 44 illustrated in each of Figs. 12 to 15, the opening area of the outer opening portion 36a of the air vent 36 is 〇. 4 mm 2 or less, and the contact plane contacting the top of the protruding portion 44 and the contact portion between the top portions are not larger than 30% of the area of the outer opening portion 36a. The protruding portion 44 has a height of 1 mm to 5 mm. 16A and 16B are diagrams 'to explain the modification of the internal space different from the internal space 35 illustrated in Fig. 11. -30- 201134687 The outer casing 22 is provided with the storage space 35b for storing a liquid such as the puncture repairing agent that has entered the inner space 35 through the vent hole 36. The reservoir space 35b is provided adjacent to the vent hole 36, and an inner opening portion 36b of the vent hole 36 is formed in a wall surface of the reservoir space 35b. Further, the sensor space 35f is branched from the wall surface of the reservoir space 35b. The sensor face 28c (e.g., diaphragm) of the sensor unit 28 faces the sensor space 35f. The sensor space 35f can be a narrow sub-space corresponding to the width of the sensor face 28c illustrated in Figure 16A, or can be wide enough to surround the sensor face 28c, as shown in Figure 16B. Explained. By arranging this reservoir space 35b, liquid such as the puncture repair agent does not reach the sensor space 35f, but is stored in the reservoir space 5 5 b, and thus it is possible to prevent The liquid such as the puncture repair agent wets the sensor face and inhibits the operation of the sensor (third embodiment: a transport device having a protruding portion) in the shape of the outer casing 22 surrounding the protruding portion 44 The transmission device in the third embodiment is different from that in the first embodiment. Other structures of the tire pressure monitoring system in the third embodiment are similar to those in the first embodiment described above. Figure 17 is a general perspective view of a third embodiment of the transport device 16. Figure 18 is a diagram showing a cross section of a third embodiment of the transport device 16. As illustrated in Fig. 18, the outer casing 22 is provided with a projecting portion 44 projecting outward from the surface of the outer casing 22 in the radial direction of the tire (upward in the plane of the paper of Fig. 18). Here, the radial direction of the tire means a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the tire of the inflatable -31 - 201134687, and in the radial direction of the tire means outwardly away from the pneumatic tire in the radial direction of the tire. The direction of the shaft. In the projecting portion 44, a vent hole 36 spatially connecting the inner space 35 in the outer casing 22 and the tire cavity region is formed. The height of the protruding portion 44 from the surface of the outer casing 22 is from 1 mm to 5 mm. The outer casing 22 is provided with a protective wall surface 46 having a height from the surface of the outer casing 22 of 70% to 130% of the height of the protruding portion 44. The protective wall 46 protects the projection 44 such that the projection 44 is not damaged when the tire is attached to the rim or separated from the tire by the rim. Since the projecting portion 44 has a shape similar to that of the projecting portion 44 of the transporting device 16 of the first embodiment, the shape of the projecting portion 44 will not be described. In the third embodiment, similar to the protruding portion 44 of the transmission device 16 in the first embodiment, the opening area of the outer opening portion of the vent hole 36 is 0. 4 mm 2 or less, and the contact plane contacting the top of the protruding portion 44 and the contact portion between the top portions are not larger than 30% of the area of the outer opening portion. 9 is a perspective view showing the protruding portion 44 and a protective wall surface 46 provided to the outer casing 22. The left and right direction of Fig. 19 is the circumferential direction of the tire. Here, the circumferential direction of the tire means a direction in which the pneumatic tire rotates about the rotation axis of the tire. A pair of protective wall faces 46 project from the same level as the projecting portion 44 along the circumferential direction of the tire, and thereby extend in the direction of the tire shaft in such a manner as to sandwich the projecting portion 44. The height h of the protective wall surface 46 from the surface of the outer casing 22 is 70% to 130% of the height 该 of the protruding portion 44. » If the protective wall surface 46 is inconsistent with the height of the surface of the outer casing 22 32 - 201134687, The maximum height from the surface of the outer casing 22 is defined as the height h of the protective wall surface 46. By providing a protective wall surface 46 which is 70% to 130% of the height Η of the protruding portion 44 in the vicinity of the protruding portion 44, the protruding portion 44 can be protected when the tire is mounted to the rim It is prevented from being damaged by the impact of the protruding portion 44 by the rounded portion of the tire. Since the rounded portion is in the shape of a ring, if the height h of the protective wall 46 is not lower than 70% of the height 该 of the protruding portion 44, the protruding portion 44 can be protected from the protrusion The portion 44 is damaged by the impact of the bead portion, even though the height h of the protective wall 46 is lower than the height 该 of the protruding portion 44. When the transporting device 16 is provided in the tire cavity region, the maximum height position of the protective wall surface 46 shown in Fig. 19 is positioned in the tire circumferential direction with reference to the position of the projecting portion 44. In other words, in the direction of the tire shaft, the maximum height position of the protective wall faces 46 is in the same position as the projecting portion 44. The protective wall surface 46 is provided by reference to the position of the protruding portion 44 in the circumferential direction of the tire, the rounded portion passing through the protective wall surface 46 in the tire to which the tire is attached, and thus it is possible to protect the protruding portion Part 44 is exempt from being damaged by the rounded edge portion. In the example illustrated in Fig. 19, when the transporting device 16 is provided in the tire cavity region, the height of the protective wall surface 46 from the surface of the outer casing 22 continuously changes in the direction of the tire rotating shaft. More specifically, the protective wall surface 46 rises from the surface of the outer casing 22 in the direction of the tire shaft and drops to the surface of the outer casing 22 after they pass the -33-201134687 of the maximum-sense position. In the direction of the tire shaft, the angle of the surface of the protective wall surface 46 on the inner side surface of the tire (the side of the tire center line) with respect to the surface of the outer casing 22 is 45 degrees or less. When the tire is mounted to the rim and thus the tire can be easily attached to the rim, by setting the angle to 45 degrees or less, the rounded portion of the tire can smoothly pass through the The protective wall 46 is protected. In the example illustrated in Fig. 19, the distance D between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44 is 4 mm to 20 mm. Here, the distance D between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44 is the distance from the center of the protruding portion 44 to the protective wall surface 46 in the circumferential direction of the tire. By setting the distance D between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44 to 4 mm or longer, the retention of the puncture repair agent between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44 can be prevented, and the puncture repair can be prevented. The opening portion 42 of the agent that enters the protruding portion 44 can be prevented. Further, the surface of the outer casing 22 between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44 is preferably made waterproof. As the material for the water repellent treatment, a mercapto resin, a fluorine-based resin, a modified resin or the like obtained by grafting a methylation group or a fluoroalkyl group is used. Alternatively, the surface of the outer casing 22 between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44 may be provided with a microscopic roughness imparting water resistance. By making the surface of the outer wall 22 between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44 waterproof, the puncture repair agent becomes less likely to adhere to the outer casing 22 between the protective wall surface 46 and the protruding portion 44. The surface, and then the penetration of the puncture repair agent into the opening portion 42 can be prevented. Although the example is described in the example illustrated in FIG. 19, wherein the retaining wall surface 46 is provided on both sides of the protruding portion 44, the protective wall surfaces 46 need not necessarily be provided. Both sides of the protruding portion 44. For example, if the protective wall 46 is provided on only one side of the protruding portion 44, it is possible to prevent damage to the protruding portion 44 by the rounded portion. (Fourth embodiment: a conveying device having a protruding portion) Fig. 20 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of the outer casing 22 surrounding the protruding portion 44 in the fourth embodiment. In the shape of the outer casing 22 surrounding the protruding portion 44, the transmission device 16 of the fourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment. The other structure of the tire pressure monitoring system in the fourth embodiment is similar to those in the first embodiment described above. As illustrated in Fig. 20, the outer casing 22 of the fourth embodiment is provided with a concave portion 48 formed by partially recessing the outer casing 22 from the surface of the outer casing 22. The concave portion 48 is provided with the protruding portion 44. The projection portion 44 has a height of 1 mm to 5 mm from the bottom of the recessed portion 48. The details of the shape of the protruding portion 44 are similar to those of the first embodiment and will not be described. In the fourth embodiment, similar to the protruding portion 44 of the transport device 16 in the first specific embodiment, the opening area of the opening portion of the vent hole 36 is 0. 4 mm 2 or less, and the contact plane contacting the top of the protruding portion 44 and the contact portion between the top portions are not larger than 30% of the area of the opening portion. The depth h of the concave portion 48 is 70% - 35 - 201134687 to 130% of the height of the protruding portion 44. Because the concave portion 48 is formed in the portion of the outer casing 22, and the protruding portion 44 is formed in the concave portion 48 of the conveying device 16 of the fourth embodiment 'when the tire When mounted to the rim, the protruding portion 44 can be protected from damage due to the impact of the protruding portion 44 by the rounded portion. Since the rounded portion is in the shape of the ring, if the depth h of the recessed portion 48 is not less than 70% of the height Η of the protruding portion 44, the protruding portion 44 can be protected from The protruding portion 44 is damaged by the impact of the rounded portion, even though the depth h of the concave portion 48 is smaller than the height Η of the protruding portion 44. As illustrated in Fig. 20, when the transport device 16 is provided in the tire cavity region, the transport device 16 is preferably disposed such that the recessed portion 48 extends in the direction of the tire shaft. Since the puncture repairing agent used in the puncture repair flows in the direction of the tire rotating shaft, it is possible to prevent the puncture repair agent from remaining around the protruding portion by forming the concave portion 48 in the direction of the tire rotating shaft. The opening portion 42 of the portion 44. Here, referring to Fig. 21, the depth of the concave portion 48 in the direction of the tire rotation axis will be described. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the transport device 16. The broken line in Fig. 21 shows the bottom of the concave portion 48 and the protruding portion 44. As illustrated in Fig. 21, the depth of the recessed portion 48 in the direction of the tire reel is increased inwardly (toward the tire centerline). Because the depth of the concave portion 48 increases inwardly in the direction of the tire shaft, the puncture repair agent flows inward in the direction of the tire shaft, and thus it is possible to prevent the wear-36-201134687 The puncture patch retains the opening portion 42 surrounding the protruding portion 44. (Example, Comparative Example, Conventional Example) The effect of the protruding portion 44 of the transporting device 16 was examined as follows. The delivery device 16 is provided in the region of the tire cavity of the tire 14 having a size of 1 95/65 R15 and the puncture repair agent (45 0 ml) is injected into the cavity region. The tire 14 has a gas pressure of 200 kPa. The tire 14 was subjected to a tire running test at an altitude of 30 kilometers by using an indoor drum test. After each operation step for 30 minutes, the operation was stopped, the tire pressure was reduced by 50 kPa, and the tire pressure was measured. This air pressure is obtained by using the monitoring device 18. If the correct air pressure is detected, i.e., if the pressure data indicates that the reduction is up to 50 kPa, the air pressure is increased to 50 kPa for the original air pressure, and the tire is caused to operate again. This process is repeated. In this tire running test, the time elapsed before it became impossible to accurately measure the air pressure was examined. If the air pressure is correctly measured over 10 hours of operation, the device passes the test and is evaluated as being able to accurately measure the air pressure for many hours without problems even if the puncture repair agent is injected. The upper limit of the operation time is 48 hours. (Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and Conventional Examples;) By using Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 having the protruding portions 44 of different sizes, it became impossible to accurately measure the The running time that elapsed before the air pressure was investigated. For the examples 1 and 2 and the prominent portions of the comparative examples 3 and 4 -37-201134687, the shapes illustrated in Figs. 7A and 7B are used. For the highlights of Examples 3 through 5 and Examples 1 and 2, the shape illustrated in Figure 8C is used. In each of the examples, the bevel q is 45 degrees. Other sizes are used, such as the table! Explained. The projection 44 is oriented outwardly in the radial direction of the tire. The conventional example without the protruding portion 44 is also tested for the running time that has elapsed before it becomes impossible to correctly measure the air pressure. After the operation, the transporting device 16 is taken out, and whether or not the puncture repairing agent adheres to the protruding portion 44 or a portion surrounding the opening portion is visually inspected. The area ratio in Table 1 below means the ratio of the area of the contact portion to the area of the opening portion. The contact portion represents a portion between the top of the protruding portion 44 and the contact plane with the top of the protruding portion 44 and perpendicular to the protruding direction of the protruding portion 44. In the examples 1 and 2, the portion of the contact plane that is in contact with the top of the protruding portion 44 is a linear ridge, as illustrated in Figures 7A and 7B, and thus the area of the portion is 〇 Square millimeters, and the area ratio is 〇%. Table 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparison Example 1 Comparison Example 2 Convention Example Comparison Example 3 Comparison Example 4 Opening area of the opening part 0. 39 <- <- <- <<- 0.50 1.19 0.39 0.50 (mm 2 ) Area ratio (%) 0 <— 10 20 30 35 20 _ 0 <- highlight strength (mm) 2.0 1.0 2.0 <<-<-<- 0.0 0.5 1.0 48 12 48 32 12 9 5 60 8 5 Running time Hours Hour Hour Hour Hour Hour Hour Hour Hour Puncture repair agent is stuck <*- <<-<-<-<-<-<- to the portion surrounding the opening portion is stuck -38- 201134687 As shown in Table 1, the operation time in Examples 1 to 5 is 10 hours or longer, and the pressure can be used in each operation step. The middle is correctly measured. On the other hand, the operation time in the comparative examples 1 to 4 is shorter than 10 hours, and the gas pressure cannot be correctly measured until the 1 hour operation time elapses. This is assumed to be caused by a puncture repair agent that has closed the opening portion or the vent hole. In this conventional example, the running time was 60 minutes. From the comparison of the examples 3 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 and 2, when the opening portion 42 has an opening area of 0.4 mm 2 or less and a contact plane with the top portion of the protruding portion 44 When the area of the contact portion between the top portions is not more than 30% of the area of the opening portion, the gas pressure can be correctly measured. At this time, from the comparison between the above Examples 1 and 2 and the comparative examples 3 and 4, when the height of the protruding portion 44 is 1 mm or more, the gas pressure can be correctly measured. (Example 6) Further, the effect of the water repellent treatment on the inclined surface of the protruding portion 44 was intensive. For the protruding portion of the example 6, similar to the example 2, the shapes illustrated in Figs. 7A and 7B are used, the protruding height is 1 mm, and the opening area of the opening portion 42 is 0.39 mm 2 , which is oblique The angle q is 45 degrees, and the slope is subjected to the waterproof treatment. The results are illustrated in Table 2 below. -39- 201134687 Table 2 Example 2 Example 6 Outburst height of protruding part (mm) 1 1 Angled angle 45 45 degree 45 degree Waterproof treatment Untreated processed operation time 1 2 hours 48 hours Whether the puncture repair agent adheres to the protruding part (Bevel) Adhesively adhered with almost no repair agent According to Table 2, the run time of Example 6 was 48 hours, the 48 hours was the upper limit' and almost no puncture repair agent was adhered to the protruding portion 44. This indicates that it is preferable to make the beveled surface waterproof. Although the transmission device and the tire condition monitoring system according to the present invention have been described in detail above, the transmission device and the tire condition monitoring system according to the present invention are not limited to the above specific embodiments, but may be modified or modified in various ways. Without departing from the gist of the present invention, [FIG. 1 is a general view of a tire pressure monitoring system which is a first embodiment of a tire condition monitoring system. Figure 2 is an illustration of an example of a method of securing the delivery device illustrated in Figure 1 in a region of a tire cavity. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the entire apparatus in which the transport apparatus illustrated in Figure 2 is integrated with the tire nozzle. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 3 taken along line 40-201134687. Figure 5 is a circuit block diagram of the transmission device illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 6 is a circuit block diagram of the monitoring device illustrated in Figure 1. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining the shape of the protruding portion. Figs. 8A to 8C are diagrams for explaining other examples of the shape of the protruding portion. 9A to 9C are diagrams showing still other examples for explaining the shape of the protruding portion. 10A to 10E are diagrams for explaining other forms of the protruding portion in the first embodiment. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a transport device for use in the tire pressure monitoring system. Figure 12 is a diagram for explaining the internal space in the transmission device shown in Figure 11. 13A and 13B are diagrams for explaining an example of a reservoir space different from the reservoir space illustrated in Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a view for explaining still another example of the vent hole of the transporting device shown in Fig. 11. Figure 15 is a diagram for explaining another example of the protruding portion of the transporting device shown in Figure 11. 16A and 16B are diagrams for explaining an example of an internal space different from the internal space shown in Fig. 11. Figure P is a general perspective view of a third embodiment of the transport device. -41 - 201134687 Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a section of the transport device illustrated in Figure 7 and a perspective view of the housing of the transport device illustrated in Figure 7 Part and protect the wall. Figure 20 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of the outer casing surrounding the protruding portion of the fourth embodiment of the transporting device. Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the transporting apparatus in the fourth embodiment. [Description of main component symbols] 10: Tire pressure monitoring system 1 2 : Vehicles 14, 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d: Tires 16, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d: Pneumatic information transmission device 1 8 : Monitoring device 1 9 : Wheel圏2〇: tire nozzle 22: outer casing 22a: protruding portion 22b: concave portion 24: circuit 26: substrate 28: sensor unit 28a: air pressure sensor 42-201134687 28b: A/D converter 2 8 c : sensor face 30 : transmitter 3 0 a : vibration circuit 3 〇 b : modulation circuit 3 〇 c : amplifier circuit 32 : processing unit 32 a : central processing section 32 b : memory section 3 4 : Power section 3 5 : Internal space 3 5 a, 3 5 f : Sensor space 3 5 b, 3 5 e : Reservoir space 3 5 c : Connection pipe 3 5 d : Groove 3 6 : Vent hole 3 6a: outer opening portion 3 6 b : inner opening portion 36c: chamfer 3 7 : locking member 3 9 : sealing resin 40 ' 52 : antenna 42 : opening portion 44 : protruding portion - 43 201134687 44a : base portion Part position 44b: top outermost position 44c: straight line 44d: curve 44e: protruding member 46: protective wall surface 4 8 : concave portion 5 4 : receiving section 56: receiving buffer 58: central processing section 60 : Memory section 6 2 : Operating section 64 : Switch 66 : Display control section 6 8 : Display section 7 0 : Power section -44-