201134208 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關-種自動侧去除閃爍之裝置與相關方 法，特別是-種具有自動增益控制的自動俄測去除閃燦之裝置 與相關方法。 ~ 【先前技術】 當環境光非為自絲而為室内光源時，會因電源供應的 頻率而產生50Hz或60Hz的閃爍(flicker)。因此在影像擷取裝 置（例如影像感測器）中’一般需要進行去除閃娜心齡的 的處理，以避免每-張畫面的明亮程度不…去除閃燦的一般 作法是調㈣光_ ’在麵鶴鮮為肅z時使其為謂〇 秒的整數倍，在電源供應頻率為6〇Hz時使其為ι/ΐ2〇秒的整 ，倍。但問題是影像挪裝置所應用的環境，究竟是何種頻 ί I!此’先前技術有幾種作法：其—是根據裝設影像摘取裝 、器（例如數位相機、數位攝影機、監視器等）的販售 ，區來決定針對观ζ或舰去除卩。此作法的問題是， 2類型的機器如數位攝影機’使用者很可能會因旅行而跨區 電源頻^ ^作法目前僅見於監視系統，是在監視器之外另設 頻率為遍、1電路與切，電源辭伽電路侧電源供應 戈6〇HZ ’並根據此結果而切換監視器針對5〇Hz i點、lit，°此作法可行的條件是因監視系統位在固定 位攝忠機當地電源。_是，域使_帶式的機器如數 時是用機器本身的供電而非自當 爍。、 更…法取侍當地電源的頻率資訊而對應地去除閃 201134208 【發明内容】 發明目的之在提供一種自動偵測去除閃爍之裝置， 其例如但不限於應用在與影像擷取有關的系統中。策置 法。本發明之又-目的在提供—種自動侧絲閃燦之方 為達上述之目的’就其中-個觀點言，本發明提供了一 種自動偵測去關爍之裝置，包含：光偵測電路，彳貞測環境 光並產生-制訊號；訊號處理電路，触絲測電路輕接， 根據該偵測訊號’產生-與環境光頻率有關的訊號和一回授 訊號；以及自_益控魏路，無訊號處理電_接，根 據該回授訊號而產生控制訊號，回授控制該光偵測電路以 調整該偵測訊號，或回授控制該訊號處理電路，以調整該與 環境光頻率有關的訊號。 在其中一種較佳實施形式中，該自動增益控制電路根據 回授訊號而調整光偵測電路所產生偵測訊號的強度。 在其中一種較佳實施形式中，所述之訊號處理電路包括 放大電路’將光偵測電路所產生的偵測訊號予以放大產生一 放大訊號’且其中該自動增益控制電路根據回授訊號而調整 該放大電路的放大倍率。 自動增益控制電路產生控制訊號的方式例如為：將訊號 處理電路所產生的回授訊號與參考訊號比較，並根據比較結 果，產生控制訊號。或是，將訊號處理電路所產生的回授訊 201134208 '-5虎與參考訊號相減’並根據差值’產生控制訊號. 光偵測電路中可包含複數個尺寸相同或不同的光偵測元 件’藉由選擇性連接不同數目或不同尺寸的光债測元件而調 整债測訊號的強度。 放大電路中可包括電流鏡電路、開關電路、可變電阻， 藉由選擇性連接電流鏡電路中之不同電流複製路徑，或調整 可變電阻之阻值，以調整放大電路的放大倍率。 就另一個觀點&，本發明提供了一種自動偵測去除閃爍 之方法，包含：偵測環境光並產生偵測訊號；放大該偵測訊 號，根據該放大之偵測訊號，產生一與環境光頻率有關的訊 號與-回授訊號；以及根據該回授訊號產生控制訊號，以回 授調整該_喊_度或膽該伽m賴放大倍率。 就再另-個觀點言，本發明提供了一種自動偵測去除閃 爍，方法，包含H個頻率不穩定的訊號；以高頻對該 進行取樣；當取騎得訊號之高低辦數目皆為非〇之 w疋值寺根據之產生具有一穩定頻率的輸出訊號；當取樣 m高或低位準數目在變化中時，維持輸出訊號目前 的頻率’胃取樣所得峨之高低辦數目Α—為 皆Ϊ 騎魏紅高低位準數目 白為非〇之另一穩定值時，根 輪出訊號。 度王具有另穩疋頻率之 底下藉由具體實施例詳加朗 目的、技_容、特點及其所達成之瞭解本發明之 【實施方式】 -月參考第1A圖’其中顯示本發_第一個實施例。如 201134208 圖所示，本實施例之自動侧去除嗎之裝置 測電路10、訊號處理電路2〇、以及= =偵 光侧電路10侧環境光並產生對應的偵 處理電路20根據光偵測電路1() , ° =竟，中的閃爍頻率。當得知閃爍頻率後 = 光頻率有關的訊號，例如王/、哀拢 率Α麻$撕 疋的數位訊號，表示頻 =:或嶋，而後級電路即可根據此切換訊號來調整 以，夺，，去除閃爍。或者’該與環境光頻率有關的訊號可 二疋一個具有閃爍頻率的數位或類比訊號，例如為方波或弦 波訊號，而後級電路可根據此訊號的頻率來調整曝光時間去 除閃爍。又例如’該與環境光頻率有_訊號可以是所偵測 到的頻率值、献欄值、歧鮮麵_變化量、或是頻 率或週期與某一設定值間的誤差值。 由於環境光的亮度可能因種種原因而有所變化（例如關 閉部分光源、開啟新光源、光線被物體遮蔽等），因此在本發 明中，更增設自動增益控制電路3〇,以因應環境光的亮度變 化來進行回授調整，使得整體電路能更準確地操作並產生更 精確的輸出訊號。詳言之，在本實施例中，訊號處理電路2〇 除產生與環境光頻率有關的訊號外’另產生回授訊號FB，此 回授訊號FB與環境光的亮度有關。自動增益控制電路3〇根 據回授訊號FB產生第一控制訊號CS1，回授控制調整光偵 測電路10，以補償偵測訊號DS，在環境光亮度過低時增加 偵測訊號DS的強度，而在環境光亮度過高時降低偵測訊號 DS的強度，使訊號處理電路2〇能正確操作而不致受到環境 光亮度的負面影響，亦使整體電路能精確輸出與環境光頻率 有關的訊號。 201134208 第1B圖顯示本發明的另一個實施例t如圖所示.，.本實 施例之自動偵測去除閃蝶之裝置包含光偵測電路1〇，訊號處 理電路20，自動增益控制電路3〇，及時脈產生器4〇。本實 施例與前-實施_差異在於：在本實施财，當得知閃蝶 頻率後’更進-步令時脈產生|| 4〇產生與該_頻率相關的 時脈CLK，例如當閃爍頻率為6〇Hz時，該時脈CLK可為 60Hz，30Hz，20Hz等等。此時脈CLK除可用以調整曝光時 間外’更可作為同步訊號，解決多部攝影機同時攝像的同步問 題’或作為鎖定(Line lock)頻率。 請參考第2圖，其中顯示本發明的再—實補。如圖所 示’本實施例之自動侧去除_之裝置包含光偵測電路 、況號處理電路20、以及自動增益控制電路3〇。與第一實 施例相似，光偵測電路10$測環境光並產纟對應的偵測訊號 DS。訊號處理電路2〇根據光该測電路1〇輸出的偵測訊號 DS，，出環境光中的閃爍頻率。當得知閃爍頻率後，即可產 生與環境光鮮有_訊號。本實施例中，自動增益控制電 路根據回授訊號FB產生第二控制訊號CS2，回授控制調 ，峨處理電路2〇，使!臟處理祕Μ能正雜作而不致 =到環境光党度的負面影響’亦使整體電路能精確輸出與環 境光頻率有關的訊號。 、 當然，以上各實施例可作各種組合，例如自動增益控制 比路30不限於僅產生控制訊號CS1與CS2之一，而可兩者 皆產生，以同時回受控制光偵測電路1〇與訊號處理電路2〇。 第3圖顯示本發明之自動偵測去除閃爍的裝置1〇〇可以與 ^介面電路120整合，構成系統單晶片。傳輸介面電路12〇 例如可以為I2C，SPI，或USB介面電路等。 201134208 訊號處理器20有多種實施方式，第4A圖舉例示出其中-一個實施例。光偵測電路1〇例如可為光二極體，接收光後產 生偵測訊號DS。訊號處理器20中包含放大電路(AMP) 22，. 將光摘測器10所產生的偵測訊號DS予以放大產生放大訊號 AS °如此即構成最簡單形式的訊號處理器2〇，其所輸出的 放大訊號AS為帶有閃爍頻率的類比訊號。 第4B圖舉例示出另一實施例，在放大電路22之後還可 設置濾、波器26 ’此濾波器例如為低通或帶通濾波器，以濾除 頻率較高的雜訊，或保留包括（但不限於僅為）5〇Hz至6〇Hz 範圍内的訊號。 第4C圖舉例示出另一實施例。為便利訊號處理，訊號 處理器20中可設置類比數位轉換電路(ADC) 24，以將放大 訊號AS轉為數位訊號AD。此類比數位轉換電路24並不需 要為（但當然亦可為）複雜的轉換電路，其最簡單的形式可 以僅為一個比較器，如第4D圖中的比較器24a，如此即可將 類比訊號轉為數位訊號。 經過類比數位轉換後的數位訊號AD舉例而言可再經過 數位訊號處理電路(DSP) 28的處理，以產生更精密的訊號 DP ’作為較複雜的控制之用，如第4E圖所示。其中，數位 訊號處理電路僅是舉例，其可以代換為任何能夠處理數位訊 號的電路，如微控制器(MCU)或特殊功能積體電路(ASIC)等。 另外，經過類比數位轉換後的數位訊號AD可再經過濾 波器26的濾波處理’以產生一濾波訊號FS，或是類比訊號 先經過濾波處理再轉換為數位訊號AD，如第4F、4G圖所示。 第4H圖顯示’亦可使用兩階段的放大方式，先以第一 欢大電路22a放大偵測訊號DS，產生放大訊號AS1，此訊號 201134208 •AS1中-包含直流與交流成份；再以濾波器26¾掉訊號ASl 中的直流成份，留下交流成份（濾波訊號FS);之後，再以 第二放大電路22b放大濾波訊號FS，產生放大訊號AS2，此 訊號AS2中只包含交流成份。 當然，第4H圖的電路還可再作變化，在第二放大電路 22b之後設置類比數位轉換電路及/或數位訊號處理電路等 ’ 等，第41圖；此外還有各種變化方式，例如可以在光偵測電 路10取得訊號後先濾波去除直流成分、再予以放大等等，熟 • 悉本技術者當可根據以上電路類推，不另一一緣示。 第5A圖舉例示出一更具體的實施例，在本實施例中， 光偵測電路10包括複數個光偵測元件以及一具有複數個開 關的開關電路11，以供選擇將對應的一或多個光偵測元件連 接於訊號處理電路20。各光偵測元件可以為相同或不同的尺 寸，例如尺寸比例為1:1:1:1或1:2:4:8或其他比例等。自動 增益控制電路(AGC) 30可以自放大電路22的輸出取得回授 訊號（路徑FBI)，亦或由濾波器26的輸出取得回授訊號(路 # 铉啦）’可以兩者擇一（故以虛線表示，下同）。本實施例 中，該回授訊號經自動增益控制電路3〇處理，輸出第一控制 訊號CS1 ’如圖所示，此第-控制訊號CS1可為一開關控制 訊號’用以控制開關電路11中的複數開關，將所選定的光镇 - 測元件連接於訊號處理電路2()。舉_言，環境絲度較低 時，第一控制訊號⑶可選擇將較多或較大尺寸的光_元 件連接於贿祕電路20，以增強放大魏22輸入訊號的 強度；反之，環境光亮度較高時，第一控制訊號⑶可選擇 ’將較少或較小尺寸的光偵測元件連接於訊號處理電路以 …減弱輸入訊號，藉此使訊號處理電路2〇能正確操作而不致受、 9 201134208 到％境光免度的負面影響’亦使整體電路能精確輸出與環境 光頻率有關的訊號。 第5B圖舉例示出另一更具體的實施例，在本實施例中， 回授訊號職可辑自放大電路22的輸出(路徑Fm)或滤波 器26的輸出（路徑FB2)，可以兩者擇一；該回授訊號經自 動增益控制電路30處理，輸出第二控制訊號CS2，如圖所 示，此第一控制訊號CS2回授控制放大電路22,用以調整放 大訊號AS 〇舉例而言’環境光亮度較低時，第二控制訊號 CS2可，放大電路22增加放大倍率，以增強放大訊號as ; 反之’裱境光亮度較高時，第二控制訊號CS2可使放大電路 22減少放大解’以減紐大域AS，#此使訊號處理電 路20能正確操作而不致受到環境光亮度的負面影響，亦使整 體電路能精確輸出與魏光頻率有關的訊號。 相似地，第6A圖與第6B圖顯示回授訊號可以取自放; 電路22的輸出(路徑FB1)、濾波器26的輸出（路徑剛 類比數位轉換電路24的輸出（路徑FB3)、或數位訊號處; 電路28的輸出（路徑FB4)，可以任擇其—；*自動增益辛 制電路30可以控制光偵測電路1〇 (第6a 1 路22(第6B圖）。 ^ 當訊號處理H 20巾_兩階段的放大 10(第7A圖）、或控制第—放大電路22a (第 制第二放大電路细（第7C圖）。在第7A、7B圖的情況^ _祕可以取自第-放大電路孤的輸則路徑 波器26的輸出_ FB2)'第二放大電路22b的輸_ :_、_數_換電路 24_ 购 fb4).、==: 201134208 號處理電路28的輸出二(路徑fB5)，可以任擇其一；而:在第 7C圖的情況下’回授訊號可以取自第二放大電路级的輸出 (路徑FB3)、類比數位轉換電路24的輸出（路徑FB4)、或數 位§孔號處理電路28的輸出（路徑FB5)，可以任擇其一。 在以上第5A，5B，6A，6B，7A，7B, 7C圖的實施例中，當 然，自動增益控制電路30亦可同時輸出控制訊號CS1與 CS2，以同時控制光偵測電路1〇與放大電路22、或同時控^ 光偵測電路10與放大電路22a及/或22b。 自動增益控制電路30有多種實施方式，第8圖舉例示.出 其中一個實施例。本實施例中之回授訊號FB例如可來自前 述任-路徑FBI〜FB5 ’第-比較電路31將此回授訊號FB 與第一參考訊號Refl比較，以判斷環境光亮度是否過高，第 一比較電路32將此回授訊號FB與第二參考訊號Ref2比較， 以判斷環境光亮度是否過低。回授控制電路36根據比較結 果，產生控制訊號CS1及/或CS2，用以回授控制調整光偵 測電路1G或訊號處理電路2〇，在環境光亮度過高時降低光 偵測電路1〇輸出訊號的強度或降低放大電路22的放大倍 率在環丨兄光受度過低時則反之。所述比較電路31、32可以 為類比或數位比較電路，視回授訊號FB為類比或數位訊號 而定。當然，自動增益控制電路3 0中不限於只設置兩個比較 電路31、32’亦可設置更多比較電路，以進行更精密的調整。 第9圖舉例示出另一個自動增益控制電路3〇之實施例。 本實施例中之回授訊號FB例如為類比訊號。運算放大電路 33將此回授訊號FB與第三參考訊號Refi比較，其差值顯示 環境光的亮度狀態。.類比數位轉換電路34.將運算放大電路 33的輸出轉換為數位訊號-，而解碼電路38__根據該數位訊號 201134208 ί訊號CS1或⑶，例如當運算放大電路33 =出的差值在極低翻、表示環境光亮度嚴重从時，大幅 a強光偵職路1G輸出織_度或增加放大電路22的放 當運算放大電路33輸出的差值在較低範圍、表示環 ^冗度稍微不足時’微幅增強光偵測電路1〇輸出訊號的強 度或增加放錢路22的放大倍率，當運算放大電路％輸出 的差值，較减U、表示環境光亮度稍微過糾，不調整， 而當運減大電路33輸㈣差值在極高範圍、表示環境光亮 度過強時大降低絲測電路1G輸出訊號的強度或降低放 大電路22的放大倍率’等等。當然，以上所述四階段的調整 方式可改變為較少或更多階段的調整方式。 當回授訊號FB為數位訊號時，可將運算放大電路％改 為數位減法器35’且可不需要類比數位轉換電路34,即可達 成同樣的功能，如第1〇圖所示。201134208 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus and related method for automatically removing flicker, and more particularly to an apparatus and related method for automatic de-flashing with automatic gain control. ~ [Prior Art] When the ambient light is not an internal light source from the wire, a 50 Hz or 60 Hz flicker is generated due to the frequency of the power supply. Therefore, in an image capturing device (such as an image sensor), it is generally necessary to perform the process of removing the gamma age to avoid the brightness of each picture. The general practice of removing the flash is to adjust (four) light _ ' When the surface crane is used to eliminate z, it is an integer multiple of the leap second, and when the power supply frequency is 6 〇 Hz, it is equal to ι / ΐ 2 〇 second. But the problem is the environment in which the image-moving device is applied. What kind of frequency is there? There are several ways in this prior art: it is based on the installation of image pickup devices (such as digital cameras, digital cameras, monitors). In the case of sales, the district decides to remove the cockroaches for the spectators or ships. The problem with this approach is that 2 types of machines such as digital cameras' users are likely to cross-zone power supply due to travel. The current practice is only seen in the surveillance system, which is set to a frequency other than the monitor, 1 circuit and Cut, power supply circuit side power supply Ge 6〇HZ ' and switch the monitor according to the result for 5〇Hz i point, lit, ° This is feasible because the monitoring system is located in the fixed position of the local power supply . _ Yes, the domain makes the _ belt machine use the power of the machine itself instead of being self-sufficient. And the method of removing the frequency information of the local power source and correspondingly removing the flash 201134208. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide a device for automatically detecting and removing flicker, which is, for example but not limited to, applied in a system related to image capture. . Policy. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic side-flashing method for achieving the above-mentioned purpose. In view of the above, the present invention provides an apparatus for automatically detecting and shutting down, comprising: a light detecting circuit Detecting ambient light and generating - signal; signal processing circuit, touch wire measurement circuit is lightly connected, according to the detection signal 'generating - signal related to ambient light frequency and a feedback signal; and self-control a signal, a signal is generated according to the feedback signal, and the light detecting circuit is controlled to adjust the detecting signal, or the signal processing circuit is controlled to adjust the ambient light frequency. Related signals. In one preferred embodiment, the automatic gain control circuit adjusts the intensity of the detection signal generated by the photodetection circuit according to the feedback signal. In one preferred embodiment, the signal processing circuit includes an amplifying circuit 'amplifying the detection signal generated by the photo detecting circuit to generate an amplified signal' and wherein the automatic gain control circuit is adjusted according to the feedback signal The magnification of the amplifier circuit. The automatic gain control circuit generates the control signal by, for example, comparing the feedback signal generated by the signal processing circuit with the reference signal, and generating a control signal according to the comparison result. Or, the signal processing circuit generates a feedback signal 201134208 '-5 tiger and the reference signal minus ' and generates a control signal according to the difference '. The light detection circuit can include a plurality of light detections of the same size or different sizes. The component 'adjusts the strength of the debt measurement signal by selectively connecting different numbers or different sizes of optical debt measuring elements. The amplifying circuit may include a current mirror circuit, a switching circuit, and a variable resistor to adjust the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit by selectively connecting different current replica paths in the current mirror circuit or adjusting the resistance of the variable resistor. In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for automatically detecting and removing flicker, comprising: detecting ambient light and generating a detection signal; amplifying the detection signal, generating an environment according to the amplified detection signal The signal related to the optical frequency and the feedback signal; and the control signal is generated according to the feedback signal to adjust the _ shouting degree or the gamma gamma magnification. In another aspect, the present invention provides an automatic detection method for removing flicker, comprising: H frequency-unstable signals; sampling at a high frequency; when the number of riding signals is high or low The 疋 疋 疋 寺 寺 根据 根据 根据 根据 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺When riding Wei Hong's high and low level, the white number is another stable value. The embodiment of the present invention is exemplified by the detailed description of the specific embodiments, the technical contents, the features, and the understanding of the present invention. An embodiment. As shown in FIG. 201134208, the automatic side removal device measuring circuit 10, the signal processing circuit 2〇, and the ==lighting side circuit 10 side ambient light of the embodiment and generating a corresponding detection processing circuit 20 according to the light detecting circuit 1(), ° = actually, in the blinking frequency. When the frequency of the flashing frequency is known, the signal related to the optical frequency, such as the king/, the sorrow rate, the digital signal of the rip-off, indicates that the frequency =: or 嶋, and the subsequent circuit can adjust according to the switching signal. ,, remove the flicker. Alternatively, the signal related to the ambient light frequency may be a digital or analog signal having a flicker frequency, such as a square wave or a sine wave signal, and the subsequent stage circuit may adjust the exposure time according to the frequency of the signal to remove the flicker. For another example, the signal with the ambient light frequency may be the detected frequency value, the contribution value, the fresh surface _ variation, or the error value between the frequency or period and a certain set value. Since the brightness of the ambient light may vary for various reasons (for example, turning off part of the light source, turning on the new light source, the light is blocked by the object, etc.), in the present invention, the automatic gain control circuit 3 is further added to respond to the ambient light. The brightness changes for feedback adjustment, allowing the overall circuit to operate more accurately and produce a more accurate output signal. In detail, in the present embodiment, the signal processing circuit 2 generates a feedback signal FB in addition to the signal related to the ambient light frequency, and the feedback signal FB is related to the brightness of the ambient light. The automatic gain control circuit 3 generates a first control signal CS1 according to the feedback signal FB, and feedbacks the control adjustment light detecting circuit 10 to compensate for the detection signal DS, and increases the intensity of the detection signal DS when the ambient light level is too low. When the ambient light level is too high, the intensity of the detection signal DS is lowered, so that the signal processing circuit 2 can operate correctly without being adversely affected by the ambient light brightness, and the overall circuit can accurately output signals related to the ambient light frequency. 201134208 FIG. 1B shows another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the apparatus for automatically detecting and removing the butterfly in the embodiment includes a photodetecting circuit 1 , a signal processing circuit 20 , and an automatic gain control circuit 3 . Hey, the pulse generator is 4〇. The difference between this embodiment and the pre-implementation is that, in the implementation, when the flashing frequency is known, the 'increase-step clock generation|| 4 〇 generates the clock CLK associated with the _ frequency, for example, when blinking When the frequency is 6 Hz, the clock CLK can be 60 Hz, 30 Hz, 20 Hz, and the like. At this time, the pulse CLK can be used to adjust the exposure time, and it can be used as a synchronization signal to solve the synchronization problem of multiple cameras simultaneously shooting or as a line lock frequency. Please refer to Fig. 2, which shows the re-implementation of the present invention. The apparatus for automatic side removal of the present embodiment as shown in the figure includes a photodetection circuit, a condition number processing circuit 20, and an automatic gain control circuit 3A. Similar to the first embodiment, the photodetection circuit 10 measures ambient light and produces a corresponding detection signal DS. The signal processing circuit 2 outputs a blinking frequency in the ambient light according to the detection signal DS outputted by the measuring circuit 1〇. When the flicker frequency is known, it can produce a signal with the environment. In this embodiment, the automatic gain control circuit generates the second control signal CS2 according to the feedback signal FB, and feedbacks the control adjustment, and the processing circuit 2〇, so that the dirty processing secret can be mixed until the ambient light party degree The negative impact' also allows the overall circuit to accurately output signals related to the ambient light frequency. Certainly, the above embodiments can be combined in various combinations. For example, the automatic gain control ratio path 30 is not limited to generating only one of the control signals CS1 and CS2, and both can be generated to simultaneously receive the control light detecting circuit 1 The signal processing circuit 2〇. FIG. 3 shows that the apparatus for automatically detecting the removal of flicker in the present invention can be integrated with the interface circuit 120 to form a system single chip. The transmission interface circuit 12 can be, for example, an I2C, SPI, or USB interface circuit. 201134208 There are various embodiments of the signal processor 20, and FIG. 4A illustrates one of them. The photodetecting circuit 1 can be, for example, a photodiode, which generates a detection signal DS after receiving light. The signal processor 20 includes an amplifying circuit (AMP) 22, and amplifies the detecting signal DS generated by the optical extractor 10 to generate an amplified signal AS °, thus forming the simplest form of the signal processor 2〇, and the output thereof The amplified signal AS is an analog signal with a blinking frequency. FIG. 4B exemplifies another embodiment. After the amplifying circuit 22, a filter and a wave filter 26 may be disposed. This filter is, for example, a low pass or a band pass filter to filter out high frequency noise, or to retain Includes, but is not limited to, signals in the range 5 Hz to 6 Hz. Figure 4C illustrates another embodiment. To facilitate signal processing, an analog digital conversion circuit (ADC) 24 can be provided in the signal processor 20 to convert the amplified signal AS into a digital signal AD. Such a ratio digital conversion circuit 24 does not need to be (but can of course be) a complicated conversion circuit, and its simplest form can be only one comparator, such as the comparator 24a in FIG. 4D, so that the analog signal can be used. Switch to digital signal. The analog-to-digital converted digital signal AD can be processed by a digital signal processing circuit (DSP) 28, for example, to produce a more sophisticated signal DP' for more complex control, as shown in FIG. 4E. Among them, the digital signal processing circuit is only an example, and it can be replaced by any circuit capable of processing digital signals, such as a microcontroller (MCU) or a special function integrated circuit (ASIC). In addition, the digital signal AD after the analog digital conversion can be further filtered by the filter 26 to generate a filtered signal FS, or the analog signal is first filtered and converted into a digital signal AD, as shown in the 4th and 4th. Show. Figure 4H shows that 'two-stage amplification can also be used. First, the detection signal DS is amplified by the first circuit 22a to generate the amplified signal AS1. This signal 201134208 • AS1 contains DC and AC components; The DC component in the 263⁄4 signal AS1 leaves the AC component (filter signal FS); after that, the second amplifier circuit 22b amplifies the filtered signal FS to generate an amplified signal AS2, which contains only the AC component. Of course, the circuit of FIG. 4H can be further changed, and an analog digital conversion circuit and/or a digital signal processing circuit, etc. are provided after the second amplifying circuit 22b, etc., FIG. 41; and various variations, for example, After the light detecting circuit 10 obtains the signal, it first filters and removes the DC component, and then amplifies it, etc., and knows that the skilled person can analogize according to the above circuit, and the other is not shown. FIG. 5A illustrates a more specific embodiment. In this embodiment, the photo detecting circuit 10 includes a plurality of photo detecting elements and a switching circuit 11 having a plurality of switches for selecting a corresponding one or A plurality of photodetecting elements are connected to the signal processing circuit 20. Each of the photodetecting elements may be of the same or different size, such as a size ratio of 1:1:1:1 or 1:2:4:8 or other ratios. The automatic gain control circuit (AGC) 30 can obtain the feedback signal (path FBI) from the output of the amplifier circuit 22, or obtain the feedback signal (road #铉) from the output of the filter 26. Indicated by the dotted line, the same below). In this embodiment, the feedback signal is processed by the automatic gain control circuit 3, and the first control signal CS1' is outputted as shown in the figure. The first control signal CS1 can be a switch control signal for controlling the switch circuit 11. The plurality of switches connect the selected optical-sensing element to the signal processing circuit 2(). In other words, when the ambient silkiness is low, the first control signal (3) may choose to connect more or larger size light elements to the bribe circuit 20 to enhance the intensity of the amplified Wei 22 input signal; When the brightness is high, the first control signal (3) can select 'connecting the light detecting component with a smaller or smaller size to the signal processing circuit to weaken the input signal, thereby enabling the signal processing circuit 2 to operate correctly without being affected. The negative impact of 9 201134208 to % ambient light exemption also enables the overall circuit to accurately output signals related to the ambient light frequency. FIG. 5B exemplifies another more specific embodiment. In this embodiment, the feedback signal can be edited from the output of the amplifier circuit 22 (path Fm) or the output of the filter 26 (path FB2). Alternatively, the feedback signal is processed by the automatic gain control circuit 30 to output a second control signal CS2. As shown, the first control signal CS2 is fed back to the control amplifier circuit 22 for adjusting the amplification signal AS. When the ambient light brightness is low, the second control signal CS2 may be, the amplifying circuit 22 increases the magnification to enhance the amplified signal as; and conversely, when the ambient light brightness is high, the second control signal CS2 may reduce the amplification circuit 22 to reduce the amplification. The solution is to operate the signal processing circuit 20 correctly without being adversely affected by the ambient light brightness, and also allows the overall circuit to accurately output signals related to the Weiguang frequency. Similarly, FIGS. 6A and 6B show that the feedback signal can be taken from the output; the output of the circuit 22 (path FB1), the output of the filter 26 (the output of the path just analog to the digital conversion circuit 24 (path FB3), or a digit The signal output; the output of the circuit 28 (path FB4) can be optionally selected as follows; * The automatic gain oscillating circuit 30 can control the photodetection circuit 1 (the 6a 1 channel 22 (Fig. 6B). ^ When the signal processing H 20 towel _ two-stage amplification 10 (Fig. 7A), or control of the first amplification circuit 22a (the second generation of the second amplification circuit is fine (Fig. 7C). In the case of the 7A, 7B picture ^ _ secret can be taken from the - the output of the amplifier circuit is the output of the path waver 26 _ FB2) 'the output of the second amplifier circuit 22b _: _, _ number _ change circuit 24_ buy fb4)., ==: Output No. 201134208 processing circuit 28 (path fB5), optional one; and: in the case of FIG. 7C, the feedback signal can be taken from the output of the second amplifying circuit stage (path FB3), and the output of the analog digital converting circuit 24 (path FB4). Or the output of the digital § hole number processing circuit 28 (path FB5), optionally one. In the above 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B, 7 In the embodiment of the C, of course, the automatic gain control circuit 30 can simultaneously output the control signals CS1 and CS2 to simultaneously control the photodetecting circuit 1 and the amplifying circuit 22, or simultaneously control the photo detecting circuit 10 and the amplifying circuit. 22a and/or 22b. The automatic gain control circuit 30 has various embodiments, and one of the embodiments is illustrated in Fig. 8. The feedback signal FB in this embodiment can be derived, for example, from the aforementioned any-path FBI~FB5'- The comparison circuit 31 compares the feedback signal FB with the first reference signal Ref1 to determine whether the ambient light brightness is too high, and the first comparison circuit 32 compares the feedback signal FB with the second reference signal Ref2 to determine the ambient light brightness. Whether the feedback control circuit 36 generates the control signals CS1 and/or CS2 according to the comparison result, for feedback control of the light detecting circuit 1G or the signal processing circuit 2, and reduces the light detection when the ambient light brightness is too high. The strength of the output signal of the measuring circuit 1 or the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit 22 is reversed when the optical intensity of the ring circuit is too low. The comparison circuits 31 and 32 may be analog or digital comparison circuits, and the feedback signal FB For the analog or digital signal, of course, the automatic gain control circuit 30 is not limited to providing only two comparison circuits 31, 32', and more comparison circuits may be provided for more precise adjustment. Another embodiment of the automatic gain control circuit 3. The feedback signal FB in this embodiment is, for example, an analog signal. The operational amplifier circuit 33 compares the feedback signal FB with the third reference signal ReTi, and the difference indicates ambient light. The brightness state. The analog digital conversion circuit 34 converts the output of the operational amplifier circuit 33 into a digital signal - and the decoding circuit 38__ according to the digital signal 201134208 ί signal CS1 or (3), for example, when the operational amplifier circuit 33 = the difference When the value is extremely low, indicating that the ambient light brightness is severely degraded, the value of the output of the operational amplifier circuit 33 is increased in the lower range, indicating the ring ^ When the redundancy is slightly insufficient, the intensity of the output signal of the micro-amplified light detecting circuit 1 或 or the magnification of the money-removing circuit 22 is increased, and the difference of the output of the operational amplifying circuit is reduced by U, indicating ambient light. The degree is slightly corrected, not adjusted, and when the difference between the large circuit 33 and the (four) difference is in the extremely high range, indicating that the ambient light is too strong, the intensity of the output signal of the wire measuring circuit 1G is greatly reduced or the magnification of the amplifying circuit 22 is lowered. and many more. Of course, the four-stage adjustment described above can be changed to a smaller or more stage of adjustment. When the feedback signal FB is a digital signal, the operational amplifier circuit % can be changed to the digital subtractor 35' and the analog digital conversion circuit 34 can be omitted to achieve the same function, as shown in Fig. 1.
放大電路22(或22a，22b亦同)有多種實施方式，第u圖 舉例示出其中一個實施例。本實施例中之放大電路22包括開 關電路221、電流鏡電路222、以及可變電阻223。電流鏡電 路222具有複數個電流複製路徑，各路徑之電流比例可為 1:1:1:1或1:2:4:8或其他比例等，以複製並放大偵測訊號DS。 開關電路221具有複數個開關，受控於控制訊號CS2卜以選 擇將對應的一或多條電流複製路徑電性連接於可變電阻 223，如此，放大訊號AS即等於流過可變電阻223的電流乘 以其電阻值。可變電阻223之阻值受控於控制訊號CS23，可 受其調整。如此，放大訊號AS相對於偵測訊號DS之倍率 大小，可由控制訊號CS21及/或控制訊號cs23來調整，亦 即前述用以控制放大電·路、22之控制訊號CS2可以是CS21 201134208 或CS23:其中之一，亦可為兩者。當環境光·.亮度較低時，可 導通開關電路221中較多的開關及/或改變可變電阻23之阻 值’以增強放大訊號AS ;當環境光亮度較高時則反之。當 然’若僅使用到控制訊號CS21時，可變電阻223可僅為單 純的電阻而不必為可變電阻；當僅使用到控制訊號CS23時， 電流鏡電路222可僅具有單一電流複製路徑而不必具有複數 電流複製路徑。 第1B圖中之時脈產生器40有多種實施方式，第12圖 舉例示出其中一個實施例。本實施例中之時脈產生器40包括 一個延遲鎖定迴路(DLL，Delay Lock Loop) 42，其根據一取樣 頻率而對訊號處理電路2〇的輸出訊號（頻率為饤）進行取 樣進而複製產生頻率為£2的穩定輸出訊號。視需要而定， 時脈產生器40中可再設置除頻電路，以根據訊號β而產生 頻率為β的穩定輸出訊號。 請參閱第13圖，自環境光所取得的閃爍頻率未必穩定， 但本發明輯敎迴路42所構成㈣難生^ 4〇仍可 ^生穩定的輸出訊號供後級電路使用。如第13圖所示，在時 奴Τ1中’喊處理電路2〇的輸出訊號在第一種穩定狀態（例 如50Hz)，而延遲鎖定迴路42根據訊號fl也產生對應頻率 的訊號f2 ’其產生方式是以—高頻的取樣訊號來計算訊號打 =高準位時脈數目及低準位時脈數目，並據以複製產生訊號 G。^時段T2中，訊號處理電路2〇的輸出訊號消失或呈現 不穩疋狀態（例如因環境光太弱或因使用者變換位置），此時 延遲鎖定迴路42的輸出訊號仍維持先前的頻率。在時段T3 中磁處理器20的輸出訊號改變為第二麵定狀態（例如 6〇ΗΖ).，-此時延遲鎖定雙路42經數個.週期確定新的狀態後， 13 201134208 便也產生對應頻率的訊號β。 - 延遲鎖定迴路42之狀態機(state machine)如第η圖所 示，於狀態SO中，延遲鎖定迴路42處於惰態(idle)，當高準 位時脈數目（Cnt_high)及低準位時脈數目（Cnt—l〇w)皆不為〇 時，表示接收到訊號fl，此時進入狀態S1，產生輪出訊號β。 當(Cnt_high)或(Cnt—low)有變化時，進入狀態S2，此時為不 穩定狀態，但仍維持以先前的頻率來輸出訊號β。在狀態S2 中’若(Cnt_high)和(Cnt_low)恢復原本的值，則延遲鎖定迴 路42回到狀態S1 ;若(Cnt_high)或(Cnt_low)為0，表示訊號 Π消失了，則進入狀態S3，但仍維持以先前的頻率輸出訊號 £2。在狀態83中’若(匸111:一1^11)和(〇^_1〇\^)皆不為〇，表示 訊號fl又出現了 ’此時延遲鎖定迴路42回到狀態S2。在狀 態S2中，若(Cnt_high)和(Cnt_low)穩定地連續多次維持新的 值’則延遲鎖定迴路42進入狀態S4，將訊號β改變為新的 頻率，並再回到狀態S1，在新的頻率下操作。 需說明的是’第1B與12圖中將時脈產生器40與訊號 處理電路20分開繪示’係為了便於理解；事實上，產生時脈 的功能’不限於必須由訊號處理電路2〇以外的電路來另行達 成，上述延遲鎖定迴路42與其狀態機的功能可以設置在訊號 處理電路20之内，例如由訊號處理電路（或微控制器等）來 執行。 與先前技術相較’本發明不但可以自動偵測去除環境光 中的閃爍’便利攜帶式機器的使用，更可達成多部攝影機的 同步或鎖定(Line lock)，因此顯較先前技術為進步；且針對環 境光變化’本發明可藉由自動增益控制電路30的回授調整， 使整體電路操作於較佳狀態#能精確輸出與環境光頻率有襴^v 201134208 的訊號 以上已針對齡實施㈣說日林發明，唯以上所述 僅係為使熟悉本技術者易於了解本發_内容而已， 來限定本發狀侧翻。在本發明之相同精神下，熟朵= 技術者可以思及各種等效變化。例如，圖示由單—電路二 的功能’可以分開改由多個硬體電路或軟體來完成。又:， 輯㈣脈咖外呵糾雜訊號處理 ，路20輸出與環境光頻率有關的訊號。因此，以上種種及 其他各種等效變化，均應包含在本發明的範圍之内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1A，1B，2圖分別示本發明的三個實施例。 八^ 7顯7F ^發明之自動侧絲_賴置可以與傳輸 介面電路結合，構«統單⑼。 =4A-4I ®舉例不出訊號處理電路2()的數個實施例。 例。 B’ 6A 6B圖，7A-7C圖分別示本發明的數個實施 施例第8圖至第1〇圖舉例示出自動增益控制電路30的三個實 ^圖舉例不出放大電路22(或22a，2¾)的實施例。 圖舉例不出時脈產生器40的實施例。 操作。3 14圖說明時脈產生器40中之延遲鎖定迴路42的 20訊號處理電路 .2„2, 22a，22b 放大電路] 【主要元件符號說明】 10光偵测電路 11..開·關..電路.... 15 201134208 221' ·開關·電路 33運算放大電路 222電流鏡電路 34類比數位轉換電路 223可變電阻 35數位減法電路 24類比數位轉換電路 36回授控制電路 24a比較器 38解碼電路 26濾波電路 40時脈產生器 28數位訊號處理電路 42延遲鎖定迴路 30自動增益控制電路 100自動偵測去除閃爍裝置 31第一比較電路 32第二比較電路 120傳輸介面電路 16The amplifying circuit 22 (or 22a, 22b is also the same) has various embodiments, and the figure u exemplifies one of the embodiments. The amplifying circuit 22 in this embodiment includes a switching circuit 221, a current mirror circuit 222, and a variable resistor 223. The current mirror circuit 222 has a plurality of current replica paths, and the current ratio of each path can be 1:1:1:1 or 1:2:4:8 or other ratios to copy and amplify the detection signal DS. The switching circuit 221 has a plurality of switches controlled by the control signal CS2 to selectively connect the corresponding one or more current replica paths to the variable resistor 223. Thus, the amplification signal AS is equal to flowing through the variable resistor 223. The current is multiplied by its resistance value. The resistance of the variable resistor 223 is controlled by the control signal CS23 and can be adjusted. Thus, the magnitude of the amplification signal AS relative to the detection signal DS can be adjusted by the control signal CS21 and/or the control signal cs23, that is, the control signal CS2 for controlling the amplification circuit 22 can be CS21 201134208 or CS23. : One of them, or both. When the ambient light is low, the switch in the switch circuit 221 can be turned on and/or the resistance of the variable resistor 23 can be changed to enhance the amplification signal AS; when the ambient light brightness is high, the reverse is performed. Of course, if only the control signal CS21 is used, the variable resistor 223 can be only a simple resistor and not necessarily a variable resistor; when only the control signal CS23 is used, the current mirror circuit 222 can have only a single current copy path without having to Has a complex current copy path. The clock generator 40 of Fig. 1B has various embodiments, and Fig. 12 exemplifies one of the embodiments. The clock generator 40 in this embodiment includes a delay lock loop (DLL) 42 which samples the output signal (frequency 饤) of the signal processing circuit 2 according to a sampling frequency to copy and generate the frequency. A stable output signal for £2. Depending on the need, the frequency generator 40 can be further provided with a frequency dividing circuit for generating a stable output signal having a frequency of β based on the signal β. Referring to Fig. 13, the flicker frequency obtained from the ambient light is not necessarily stable, but the composition circuit 42 of the present invention constitutes (4) it is difficult to generate a stable output signal for use in the subsequent stage circuit. As shown in Fig. 13, in the slave slave 1, the output signal of the "call processing circuit 2" is in the first stable state (for example, 50 Hz), and the delay lock loop 42 also generates the signal f2' corresponding to the frequency according to the signal fl. The method is to calculate the number of clocks and the number of low-level clocks by the high-frequency sampling signal, and copy and generate the signal G accordingly. In the period T2, the output signal of the signal processing circuit 2〇 disappears or assumes an unstable state (for example, because the ambient light is too weak or the position is changed by the user), and the output signal of the delay lock loop 42 maintains the previous frequency. In the period T3, the output signal of the magnetic processor 20 is changed to the second definite state (for example, 6 〇ΗΖ). - At this time, the delay locks the dual path 42 through several cycles. After the cycle determines the new state, 13 201134208 is also generated. Corresponding frequency signal β. - The state machine of the delay lock loop 42 is shown in the figure n, in the state SO, the delay lock loop 42 is in the idle state (idle), when the high level clock number (Cnt_high) and the low level When the number of pulses (Cnt_l〇w) is not 〇, it indicates that the signal fl is received, and at this time, the state S1 is entered, and the round-trip signal β is generated. When (Cnt_high) or (Cnt_low) changes, the state S2 is entered, which is an unstable state, but the signal β is still output at the previous frequency. In state S2, if (Cnt_high) and (Cnt_low) return to the original value, delay lock loop 42 returns to state S1; if (Cnt_high) or (Cnt_low) is 0, it indicates that signal Π disappears, then state S3 is entered. However, it still maintains the output signal £2 at the previous frequency. In the state 83, if (匸111:一1^11) and (〇^_1〇\^) are not 〇, it indicates that the signal fl has appeared again. At this time, the delay lock loop 42 returns to the state S2. In state S2, if (Cnt_high) and (Cnt_low) stably maintain a new value a plurality of times continuously, the delay lock loop 42 enters state S4, changes the signal β to the new frequency, and returns to state S1, in the new The frequency of operation. It should be noted that 'the clock generator 40 and the signal processing circuit 20 are separately illustrated in the first and second diagrams of FIG. 1 for convenience of understanding; in fact, the function of generating the clock is not limited to being necessary by the signal processing circuit 2 The circuit is separately implemented, and the functions of the delay lock loop 42 and its state machine can be set in the signal processing circuit 20, for example, by a signal processing circuit (or a microcontroller, etc.). Compared with the prior art, the present invention not only can automatically detect the removal of flicker in ambient light, but also facilitates the use of portable machines, and can achieve synchronization or line lock of multiple cameras, so that the prior art is improved; And for the ambient light change, the present invention can be operated by the feedback control of the automatic gain control circuit 30 to make the overall circuit operate in a better state. The accurate output can be accurately compared with the ambient light frequency. It is said that the Japanese forest invention, only the above description is only for the person skilled in the art to easily understand the contents of the present invention, to limit the hairline rollover. In the same spirit of the present invention, the skilled person = the skilled person can think of various equivalent changes. For example, the illustration by the function of the single-circuit 2 can be performed separately by a plurality of hardware circuits or software. Also:, (4) pulse coffee outside the noise correction signal processing, road 20 output signals related to the ambient light frequency. Accordingly, the above various and various other equivalent modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2 show three embodiments of the present invention, respectively. Eight ^ 7 display 7F ^ Invented automatic side wire _ _ _ can be combined with the transmission interface circuit, construct « unified single (9). =4A-4I ® exemplifies several embodiments of the signal processing circuit 2(). example. B' 6A 6B, 7A-7C, respectively, showing several embodiments of the present invention. FIGS. 8 to 1 are exemplified by three examples of the automatic gain control circuit 30, for example, without the amplifying circuit 22 (or An embodiment of 22a, 23⁄4). The figure illustrates an embodiment of the clock generator 40. operating. 3 14 illustrates the 20-signal processing circuit of the delay lock loop 42 in the clock generator 40. 2 „2, 22a, 22b amplifier circuit】 [Main component symbol description] 10 photodetection circuit 11.. On/Off.. Circuit .... 15 201134208 221' Switch circuit 33 operation amplifier circuit 222 current mirror circuit 34 analog-to-digital conversion circuit 223 variable resistor 35 digital subtraction circuit 24 analog digital conversion circuit 36 feedback control circuit 24a comparator 38 decoding circuit 26 filter circuit 40 clock generator 28 digital signal processing circuit 42 delay lock loop 30 automatic gain control circuit 100 automatic detection removal scintillation device 31 first comparison circuit 32 second comparison circuit 120 transmission interface circuit 16