TW201131225A - Light-guiding plate, lighting device, and liquid-crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a light-guiding plate (101) that guides light in a prescribed direction (X), and comprises a light introduction face (110) that introduces light; a light extraction face (120) that extracts light that is introduced via the light introduction face (110); and a rear face (130) that is located on the opposite side from the light extraction face (120). At least one of the light extraction face (120) or the rear face (130) further comprises an uneven structure (A), further comprising an anisotropic shape wherein the dimension in the prescribed direction (X) is greater than the dimension of a direction (Y) that is orthogonal to the prescribed direction (X), as seen from a parallel direction (Z) in the direction of the extraction of the light.

Description

201131225 IV. Designated representative map: (1) The representative representative of the case is: (1). (2) A brief description of the symbol of the representative figure: 1 : lighting equipment; l〇la~10lh: area; 110a~ll〇h: area; 13 0: back side; 101: light guiding body; 110: light introducing surface; 120: light extraction surface; 2〇1: light source; 301 · dimming device. 5. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please disclose the best style that can show the characteristics of the invention. Sub-ratio 6. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a light guide,

Device. [Prior Art] A liquid crystal display device is widely used as a display portion of a liquid crystal television, a personal computer, a mobile phone, or the like. The liquid crystal display device generally includes a liquid crystal panel and a lighting device called a backlight device on the back surface of the liquid crystal surface. The backlight device may be, for example, a lighting device that combines a plate-shaped light guide (hereinafter referred to as a light guide body as appropriate) and a light source that emits light from the side to 2 201131225 - the light guide. . The document describing the type of lighting equipment of this type is exemplified by Patent Documents 1 to 3. In this type of illumination device, light emitted by the light source is introduced into the light guide body from the light introduction surface on the side surface of the light guide body, and the introduced light is emitted from the light extraction surface on the front or back surface of the light guide body. Take out, and the surface can be illuminated. [PRIOR ART DOCUMENT] [Patent Document 1] JP-A-2001-92370 (Patent Document 2) Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. 14432 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application No. 2〇〇9_224〇3〇 [Brief Description of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In recent years, in the field of liquid crystal display devices, regional control technology has been in charge. The region control technique is, for example, a technique that does not uniformly illuminate the liquid crystal panel, but only irradiates light to a desired region or changes the intensity of light irradiation for each region. It is expected that the image quality of the liquid crystal display device (for example, improving contrast, reducing afterimages, etc.) and energy saving can be realized by the area control technology. Therefore, in the lighting apparatus of the above pattern, it is also desired to develop a technology that can realize the area control technique. The area control technique is realized by the illumination apparatus of the above pattern, and it is necessary to selectively extract light from the light extraction surface of the desired area of the light guide without extracting light from other areas or suppressing the amount of take-out. However, the former light guide body is opened with the aim of equally extracting light from all of its areas. It is difficult to selectively extract light from a desired area. In particular, in the former light guide body, since the light guided by the light guide light is diffused to a wide area of the light guide body, light guided to a light outside the desired area is not used for the liquid crystal panel. It is wasteful to illuminate, but it has the possibility of reducing the quality of the image. Further, in order to diffuse light that is not guided, a plurality of light guides of a small size are arranged in a space or a compartment in a boundary portion thereof. However, there are cases where light leakage or dark portions are generated from the boundary portion, which hinders uniform illumination, and there is a case where optical performance of flaws cannot be achieved. Further, in the above case, when a plurality of light guide bodies of a small size are arranged, there is a tendency to increase the number of steps or cost on the manufacturing surface. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a light guide that can selectively extract light from a light extraction surface in a desired region, and an illumination device and a liquid crystal display that can realize area control technology using the light guide. The device is targeted. [Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the inventors have found that at least the side surface of the back surface on the opposite side to the light extraction surface of the light guide and the light exit surface is found. The history indicates that the shape viewed from the direction in which the light is taken out has a predetermined anisotropy, and the light guiding direction of the light can be controlled by the internal reflection of the surface of the uneven structure. Therefore, the light extraction surface in the desired region can be used. The present invention is completed by selectively taking out light. That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [丨8]. [1] A light guide comprising: a light-introducing surface into which light is introduced; and a light-emitting body in the back surface direction of the opposite side of the light-introducing surface of the light-introducing surface, and a light-extracting surface of the light; The light is guided by the light guided by the light introducing surface to a surface of at least one of the light ψ = „ outgoing surface and the back surface, which is viewed from a direction parallel to the τ/out direction of the light. (2) The light guide body according to [1], wherein the size of the predetermined direction is larger than the size of the direction in which the predetermined direction of the parent is in the direction of the parent. The light-receiving surface and the greedy surface have the above-mentioned uneven structure. The light guide according to [1] or [2], wherein the uneven structure A is viewed in a direction parallel to the direction in which the light is taken out. [4] The light guide according to any one of [1] to [3] wherein the concave portion of the uneven structure A is continuous. [5] The light guide body of any one of [4] The light guide according to any one of the above aspects of the present invention, wherein the light guide body has a light guide body, wherein the light guide body has a flat portion. The light-receiving structure of the light-receiving structure, wherein the light-extracting structure is obtained by the light-removing structure of the light-receiving surface. The present invention is the light guide body of the present invention, wherein the light guide body of the above-mentioned (7) is the light guide body of the above-mentioned aspect. [9] The light guide according to [6], wherein the light extraction structure is formed in the uneven structure. [10] The light guide according to any one of [6], wherein the light extraction structure has a density or a size that becomes larger as it moves away from the light introduction surface. [11] The light guide according to [6], wherein the light extraction structure is The light guide according to any one of the above aspects, wherein the uneven structure A has a ridged convex portion. [13] The light guide according to the above aspect, wherein the uneven structure B has a ridge-shaped convex portion, wherein the ridge-shaped convex portion is the light guide body according to [12] or [13]. And a light guide body according to any one of [1] to [14]; and a light introduction surface of the light guide body; [16] The illumination device according to [15], wherein the plurality of light sources are individually or individually dimmed. [17] or [15] or [ [6] The lighting device described in the above, wherein the light source is an LED. [18] A liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal panel; and a lighting device according to any one of the items of the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel, which is provided in any one of the above-mentioned liquid crystal panels. [Effects of the Invention] According to the light guide of the present invention, light can be taken out at the light extraction surface of a desired region. According to the lighting apparatus and the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the area control technique can be performed. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments and examples, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and examples, and the scope of the invention and the equivalent thereof may be omitted. The range of the range is arbitrarily changed and implemented. In addition, in the following description, the symbol "A" of the "concave structure A" and the symbol r B" of the "concave structure B" are symbols added to distinguish between the element to which the symbol is added and other elements, and the difference between the elements is It doesn't make sense outside. In the meantime, the term "parallel" and "orthogonal" of the constituent elements may be included, for example, in the range of not impairing the effects of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. The error within the range. In addition, the so-called "along" in a certain direction refers to the meaning of "flat" in a certain direction. In addition, when the position of the light guide is referred to as "this side", it means a position close to the human face of the light guide, and when it is called "inside", it means a position away from the light introduction surface. (4) "Concave structure" means "concave structure and or convex structure", and "concave" means "concave and/or convex". [First Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an outline of 201131225 of an illumination device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, a lighting apparatus 1' according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes: a plate-shaped light guide body 1 〇 1; a plurality of light sources 201; and a dimming device 301 which performs dimming of the light source 201. The light guide body 101 includes a light extraction surface 110 that introduces light into the light introduction surface 110 in the light guide body 1〇1, and extracts light guided from the light introduction surface 11〇 to the outside of the light guide body; The back side 130 on the opposite side of the 1-20. In the light guide body 1〇1, the light introduced into the light guide body ι〇ι from the light introduction surface n〇 is internally reflected by the light extraction surface 120 and the back surface 130, and is guided to the opposite direction. The area is taken out by the light extraction surface 12〇. Here, when the light is taken out from the back surface 130, a reflection sheet may be provided on the back surface 13〇 side of the light guide body 1〇1, and the extracted light may be reflected and the light may be taken out to the light. Further, the above-described predetermined direction is referred to as a direction in which light is guided (hereinafter, referred to as "light guiding direction" as appropriate). Unless otherwise mentioned, it means that the light is taken out: the time is reflected in the light guide 101 The direction in which the light is guided. Therefore, it is called "if there is no special mention", and the direction of the 2nd axis of the backing is not a problem, and the direction of the ancient bolt of the light-extracting surface 120 is too ten, and the above The direction parallel to both directions is taken as the X-axis direction.., ^ ^ In addition, with the light extraction face 12〇 with light extraction® m... the direction of the Y-axis direction. Further, the normal direction of the surface 120 is used as the light guide body 丨01 in the direction of the rectangle 柘# 'axis. In the present embodiment, υ i main moment is opened; 板 plate shape, the upper honest light extraction surface 120 is parallel to the direction of the edge of the light guide 101, and the longitudinal direction of the light extraction _ is parallel, and the ζ axis side = Parallel to the thickness direction of the light guide body (9), the X-axis direction and the γ-axis direction are orthogonal to each other in the direction of the light guiding axis and the direction of the x-axis. 201131225 The light introduction surface π 〇 is the side surface of the light guide body 1 ο 1 and is located on the surface of the end portions of the light extraction surface 120 and the back surface 13A. The light introduction surface 11 is a surface that is the same as the parent of the χ axis direction. That is, the light introduction surface 110 is set to be a predetermined parent to which light is guided. When the light source 211 is irradiated with light on the light-introducing surface 11 垂直 vertically, the reflection in the light-introducing surface 抑制 can be suppressed, and the light introduction efficiency can be improved. Further, the introduction of the light-introducing surface is suppressed. The refraction can stabilize the direction of the light toward the desired light guiding direction (ie, the x-axis direction), and can stably suppress the diffusion of light in the γ-axis direction. The light introduction surface 110 can be formed to enhance the light introduction efficiency or to suppress the unevenness of the lens or the like which diffuses the light in the γ-axis direction, but may be a flat I plane. Further, in order to suppress the vicinity of the light introducing surface 11 from the light source 201, the u line or the like may also introduce the light into the surface j丄. A rough surface of an indefinite shape (a surface in which a minute unevenness is formed) or a ridged rough surface. In the present embodiment, the "introduction plane 110 is a flat plane". The light extraction surface 120 is a guide number.

Wait for the main face of the nine body 101. The direction in which the light guiding light I can be emitted from the light extraction surface 120 toward the predetermined take-out direction is taken in a direction in which the light is taken out from the light extraction surface 12 = direction in the opposite direction to the light source. 2, the normal direction of the light extraction surface 120 is parallel. In the present embodiment, the light extraction direction of the nine take-out surface 120 is parallel to the Z-axis direction in the line direction. The system is the first to remove the surface; the light body... " the part of the first embodiment of the invention is called ιοί, and the light is taken out from the side of the surface of Fig. 1 as shown in Fig. 2, and the light extraction surface is unloaded 120' A plurality of strips 201131225 121 are formed as the concavo-convex structure A. Each of the triangular prisms 121 is formed by ridge-shaped convex portions extending in the X-axis direction and arranged in a plurality of γ-axis directions. Further, the 'triangle prism 121 is formed on the entire light extraction surface 120 and arranged in a plurality of stripes in the Y-axis direction. Thereby, the light extraction surface 120 has a concave-convex structure A in its entirety. Each of the double prisms 121' is a triangular prism having a bisecting cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the X-axis direction. Therefore, the triangular prism 12 has two inclined faces 122' 123 which are not parallel to the γ-axis direction (i.e., intersect with the Y-axis). Such slopes 122 and 123 can internally reflect light guided in the light guide body 1〇1 without being diffused in the Y-axis direction. In other words, the light is internally reflected by the inclined surfaces 122 and 123. The γ-axis direction component of the light is reversed in reverse. Therefore, most of the light guided light cannot be continuously oriented in the direction of the ¥ axis or The other side advances ' without spreading in the γ-axis direction. . The average inclination angle 0 of the inclined faces 122, 123 of the triangular prism 121 is preferably 15 or more, and is 25 or less. The above is better, w Q Λ. Wen Jia is particularly good at 30 or more. In addition, the upper limit is 90. the following. Here, the button, the average inclination angle Θ of the slopes 122, 123 is the level with respect to the light extraction surface wo; the inclination angle average of the slopes 122, 123 of 1nr> (refer to Fig. 6) » Although the light extraction surface]

* ® U0 has a concave-convex structure A. Microscopically, it is not a flat plane. However, since the size of the concave-convex structure A in the Z-axis direction is small, the giant sleeves are large when viewed. The take-up surface 120 is treated as a flat plane. Therefore, at 19 〇, the above-mentioned thousand-average tilt angle Θ can be understood as the ten-value of the angle formed by the inclined surface 122, 123 and the # average letter 33 of the megascope as viewed from the work recognition surface 120. By making the average tilt angle The sound angle 0 is in the above range, and the light of the light guided in the light guide body 101 is diffused in the y-axis direction, and the light guiding direction of the light can be effectively controlled. FIG. 3 is formed in the present invention. One of the triangular prisms 121 of the light guide body light extraction surface 12 of the first embodiment is viewed from the side of the light extraction surface in the x-axis direction. That is, FIG. 3 shows the removal of light from one of the triangular prisms 121. As shown in Fig. 3, the triangular prism ΐ2ΐ has an anisotropic shape when viewed from the side of the light extraction surface in the x-axis direction. Specifically, the length of the triangular prism 121 (in the present embodiment, The dimension in the X-axis direction is LX, which is smaller than the width of the double prism 121 (the dimension in the γ-axis direction in the present embodiment) LyA. Therefore, the prism pixel i2i has a direction in which the light is guided in the direction of the & i glaze. Size Lx, which is more orthogonal to the γ-axis direction of the X-axis method The inch is a large anisotropic shape, whereby the light guided in the light guiding body ι ι is reflected in the interior of the inclined surfaces 122 and 123, and the frequency of internal reflection which reverses the component in the α direction of the light is increased. The above-described action of effectively suppressing the diffusion of light in the direction of the x-axis can be exerted. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the light guided in the light guide body 101 from diffusing in the direction of the cuff. The length Lx of the specific triangular prism 121 is in this embodiment. The light guide body 10 of the form is formed to have the same size as the dimension of the light guide body 101 in the z-axis direction. Thus, the effect of suppressing the light in the z-axis direction by the internal reflection of the slopes 122 and 123 can be performed. In addition, the entire portion of the light guide body 101 (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 6) is continuously formed in the entire X-axis direction of the light guide 101, so that it can be effectively formed. Buckle: Light that is guided by the light guiding light guide diffuses in the γ-axis direction, or prevents Ρ from being optically adjacent to the light guiding n 1Q1 or suppressing the light disposed in the light guiding body 1〇1 near 201131225 The sheet rubs to make the light guide ι〇ι, on the other hand, the prism m Ly degree, usually on the order 2〇 " m or more preferably 'to 30 " better on MU, usually _ "In the next, to the mouth 2〇〇 preferably less, more preferably to less 100㈣. If it is too small, light scattering due to the diffraction phenomenon tends to be difficult to manufacture. When it is too large, it is possible to visually recognize the light and dark of the portion where the light is taken out and the portion where the light is not taken out, and there is a possibility of becoming an optical defect. In the present invention, the ratio of the light guiding direction of the uneven structure A to the dimension in the direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction is viewed from the direction parallel to the direction in which the light is taken out (in the example of the triangular prism 121, the length of the triangular prism 121 is used. The ratio of the width Ly (Lx/Ly) can be appropriately determined depending on the number of the light sources 2〇1, the arrangement and the luminous intensity, and the shape and size of the light extraction surface 120. The ratio is usually 1. 5 or more is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 5,000 or more, and usually 200,000 or less, and preferably 1 or less, preferably 5 or less. If it is too small, there is a possibility that the light guided in the light guiding body ι〇ι cannot be prevented from diffusing in the seven-axis direction. Further, the length _ depends on the length of the light guide body (8), and if the ratio is too large, the width Ly becomes too small to be produced. Further, the height of the prism 121 (in the present embodiment, the dimension in the z-axis direction is referred to Fig. 6). H is usually! .  〇 “m above, with 2_ 〇 " m X is better” to 3.  0 " m or better, usually less than 500 " m, with 400...X is better than 3〇. "The following is better. Too small, % is difficult to manufacture by the limit of processing accuracy. When it is too large, it can be visually recognized and has the possibility of becoming an optical defect. As shown in Fig. 3, the light extraction surface by the x-axis direction Viewed from the side, the anisotropically shaped wire PA of the triangular prism 12 201131225 121 is the main axis PA of the anisotropic shape of the so-called triangular prism m, which is the shape of the prism 13 在## The axis of the long-side direction in the direction of the axis. The second is due to the reflection of the brother inside the slopes 122, 123, the axis PA guide # of your field.  By exerting the action of the light along the main = lead, the light is stably guided along the fork axis direction by making the principal axis PA of the anisotropic shape of the triangular prism 121 parallel to the X-axis direction. The back surface 130' is the main surface of the light guide 1()1, and is aligned with the silk exit surface 12〇. On the back surface 13G, the light guided in the light guide m is internally reflected. Therefore, there is a case where the back © 13G is referred to as a reflecting surface. Further, in order to stably reflect the light inside the back surface 130, a metal layer, a resin scattering layer or a combination of the reflective layers may be provided on the back surface 13A as needed. Fig. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a part of the light guide body 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is cut away from the side of the back surface 13 . Further, Fig. 5 is a plan view showing one of the triangular prisms 131 formed on the back surface 130 of the light guiding body 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the back side in the z-axis direction. As shown in Fig. 4, on the back surface 130, a triangular prism 131 is formed as the concave-convex structure A. The triangular prism 131 is formed in the same manner as the triangular prism 121 of the light extraction surface 120. That is, the triangular prism 131 is formed on the entire back surface 130. Further, each of the triangular prisms 1 31 ' is a triangular prism having a triangular cross section, and has two inclined faces 132 and 133, respectively. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the length of the triangular prism 131 (the dimension in the X-axis direction in the present embodiment) Lx is larger than the width of the triangular prism 131 when viewed from the back side in the Z-axis direction (in the present embodiment) The size in the Y-axis direction) is large. Further, the recess 13 201131225 (valley P) 1 3 4 (see Figs. 4 and 6) formed between the triangular prisms 131 is continuously formed in the entire x-axis direction of the light guide body 1 . Further, the main axis pA of the anisotropic shape of the triangular prism 13 i is parallel to the X-axis direction as viewed in the z-axis direction. By the above-described constitution, it is also possible to suppress the diffusion of the light guided light in the Y-axis direction by the light extraction surface 12〇. The slopes of the bevels 132, 133 of the triangular prism 131 are inclined at an angle of fifteen. The above is better, with 2 5 . The above is better, to 30. The above is especially good. In addition, the upper limit is 9 inches. the following. When at least one of the triangular prism 121 and the prism 131 satisfies the condition, diffusion of the light guided by the light in the z-axis direction can be suppressed. The light source 201 shown in Fig. 1 is a device that illuminates the light introduction surface u 〇 of the light guide 1 〇 i . The light source 201 is usually disposed in parallel with the X-axis direction with its axis (i.e., the direction of the chief ray of the emitted light). As the light source 2〇1, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) is used. The LED system has high luminous efficiency and is an excellent light source from the viewpoint of energy saving. The LEDs are powered by a power source not shown in the figure. The power supplied can be individually dimmed. However, from the viewpoint of realizing the area control technique, the light source 201 is formed to selectively illuminate light to a desired region of the light introducing surface 11A. Therefore, the lighting device 1 of the present embodiment has the following configuration. That is, the light guide body 101 is divided into a plurality of regions l〇la to 10lh which are viewed from the z-axis direction, and each of the regions 101a to l〇lh has a rectangular shape extending in the X-axis direction. Further, the light introduction surface lio is divided into the region 11 丨i 〇h located on the side in the X-axis direction of each of the regions 101a to 101h. Further, the above-mentioned areas 101a to 1 01h and the areas 11 0a to 11 Oh are assumed to be controlled by the physical boundary of the lighting device 1 and are imaginarily set. 14 201131225 At this time, the illumination device 1 has a plurality of light sources 2A, and the light source 2〇1 is disposed at a position on the front surface of each of the regions 110a to n〇h of the light introduction surface Π0. Further, the respective light sources 201' are connected to a dimming device 30 for dimming the respective light sources 2'1, and the dimming means 301' is means for adjusting the supply and supply of electric power to the light source 2'1. Therefore, the power supplied to each of the light sources 201 by adjusting the dimming device 3〇1 can be selectively selected by the light source 2〇1 to the light-introducing area 〇a to U〇h at a desired brightness. Light irradiation. In addition, the above-mentioned dimming device 3〇1 'hardware is a calculation device such as cpu (Central Processing Urn t: CPU), RAM (Rand〇m Access Memory), R〇 A memory such as M (Read 〇niy Memory), a dielectric surface such as an ad converter, or a variable resistor can function as the above-described dimming devices. In the illuminating device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the light emitted from the light source 201 is formed as described above, and the incident light introduction surface is introduced into the light guide 101 to guide the light to the light guide. After 101, by. Further, the 'light emission' taken out by controlling the light extraction surface 120 of the light source 201 to be emitted to the outside can effectively implement the area (4) technique. Hereinafter, the architecture of the area control technique can be effectively implemented, and the case where light is selectively taken out by the light extraction surface 120 of the area ma will be described as an example. When the light is selectively taken out by the light extraction surface 12 () of the area 1Gla, the supply amount of electric power to the light source 2() 1 is adjusted by the dimming device 3G1, and is located in the area u〇a of the light introduction surface 110. The front light source 2 (10) selectively illuminates the light. The light of the illumination, the area of the incident surface of the human face nG, is guided into the interior of the light guide 101. The light introduced into the light guide body 101 is guided to the inside along the X-axis direction while the light extraction surface 120 and the back surface 130 are internally reflected. 6 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which light is guided to the internal reflection of light in the light guide 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the light guide 101 is cut in a plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction. Sectional view. Further, in Fig. 6, an arrow A indicates a component perpendicular to the X-axis direction among the vectors of light guided in the light guide body 〇1. As shown in Fig. 6, the light A' guided by the light guiding body 101 is reflected on the inclined surfaces 122 and 123 of the light extraction surface 120 and the inclined surfaces 132 and 133 of the old surface 130. With internal reflection, the light A advancing to the right in the figure will advance toward the left in the figure. Similarly, the light traveling toward the left side in the drawing advances toward the right side in the drawing. Therefore, most of the light guided in the light guide body 101 cannot continue to advance in one direction or the other in the γ-axis direction. Therefore, the light guided in the light guide body 1〇1 does not diffuse in the Y-axis direction, and is guided along the region l〇1a of the light guide body 1〇1. Further, in Fig. 6, at a glance, the light A is incident on the back surface 13〇 at a small incident angle, so that the light A appears to be taken out from the back surface 13〇 to the outside. However, in reality, the light A has a component in the X-axis direction that is larger than a component perpendicular to the direction of the sense axis. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, even if the incident angle of the component perpendicular to the X-axis direction among the vectors of light is small, the incident angle of the light to the back surface 130 becomes substantially large. The situation where the interior can reflect. The reflection inside the light extraction surface 120 is the same. Light guided in the region 1〇1a of the light guide 101 along the X-axis direction, 16 201131225 is taken out by the light extraction surface (10) of the region 1G1a. At this time, since the light does not diffuse in the γ-axis direction, the light is not taken out by the light of the regions 101b to 101h other than the region 1.13, and the magical extraction surface 120 is taken out even if it is Take out a small amount. Thus, by selectively extracting light from the light extraction surface 120 of the desired region 101a among the regions ma to mh, the region control technique is realized. At this time, since both the light extraction surface 12 〇 and the back surface 13 具有 have the triangular prism 121 and the triangular prism i3i which are formed in the concave-convex structure A, it is possible to suppress the light to the light Y in the case of the early side. Diffusion in the axial direction. Further, since the principal axis PA 舆 τ of the anisotropic shape of the triangular prism 121 and the triangular prism ΐ 3 i is parallel to the axial direction, the light can be stably guided along the x-axis direction. Furthermore, the concave portions 124 and 134 of the concave-convex structure are connected along the X-axis direction to more effectively suppress the light guided to the light guide body 101 toward the γ-axis, diffusion or enthalpy; The optical sheet disposed in the light guide body (8) is intimately restrained or the optical sheet that is disposed in the light guide body 1 近1 is rubbed to cause the light guide body 101 to be injured. [Second Embodiment] Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing an outline of an illumination device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figs. 8 and 8 are views showing a state in which the light guide body of the second embodiment of the present invention is not cut out, and the light is taken out from the side of the light extraction surface. Fig. 9 is a view of the light extraction surface of the light guide body according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and one of the prisms is viewed from the light extraction surface side in the x-axis direction. 1 〇仫 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ One of the prisms on the back surface of the light guide of the embodiment is viewed from the back side in the Z-axis direction. Further, in FIGS. 7 to 11, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 6 are shown in FIG. The illumination device 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a plate-shaped light guide 102, a plurality of light sources 201, and a dimming device 301 for dimming the light source 201. Here, the light source 201 and the light control device 301 are the same as those of the first embodiment. The light guide body 102 has the shape of the triangular prism 121 and the triangular prism 131 included in the light extraction surface 120 and the back surface 130, and the first embodiment. The light guide body 101 is the same. As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, 'about the second implementation The triangular prism 121 of the form has the same flat portion 125 as the flat surface orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, and is the same as the triangular prism 1 21 of the first embodiment. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The triangular prism 131 has the same flat portion 135 as the flat surface orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, and is the same as the triangular prism 131 of the first embodiment. That is, the triangular prism 121 of the second embodiment has a trapezoidal shape "on the inclined surface 122 and the inclined surface". The flat portion 125 is provided between the 123. The triangular prism 131 of the second embodiment has a trapezoidal shape, and has a flat portion 135 between the inclined surface 132 and the inclined surface 133. Since the inclined surface 122, 123 and the inclined surface 13 2, 13 3 ' Therefore, in the triangular prism 121 and the triangular prism 131 of the second embodiment, the light guided in the light guide body 1 2 can be internally reflected without being diffused in the γ-axis direction. Further, the flat portion 125 and the flat portion are provided. When the light guide body 102 is manufactured, the light guide body 1 2 can be easily removed from the 18 201131225 - gold layer mold, and the number of metal molds can be reduced. The illumination of the second embodiment of the present invention In the second embodiment, the same advantages can be obtained by using the same as in the illumination device 1 of the first embodiment. Further, in the illumination device 2 of the second embodiment, the light guide is manufactured. (3rd Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an outline of an illumination device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a perspective view showing a part of the light guide body according to the third embodiment of the present invention, which is viewed from the side of the light extraction surface. Fig. 14 is a light guide formed in the third embodiment of the present invention. Two adjacent ones of the triangular prisms of the concave-convex structure A of the light extraction surface of the body are viewed from the side of the light extraction surface in the Z-axis direction. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of a light guide body according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is cut in a plane perpendicular to the γ-axis direction. Fig. 16 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a part of the light guide body according to the second embodiment of the present invention is cut away from the back side. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the two adjacent prisms formed in the concave-convex structure SA of the back surface of the light guide according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the back side in the Z-axis direction. In addition, in the drawings, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 11 denote the same parts as the drawing U: As shown in FIG. 12, the lighting device 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a plate-shaped guide. Light body 103; complex light source 2〇1; dimming device 3 for adjusting light source 201. Here, light source 201 and dimming device 3〇1 are the same as in the embodiment of 19201131225. Further, the light guide body 1G3 includes a triangular prism 141 in addition to the light extraction surface 12 of the portion having the triangular prism 121, and a triangular prism 141 on the back surface 13 of the portion having the triangular prism 131. The shape of the light guide 1 〇1 is the same. As shown in FIG. 13, the light extraction surface 120 of the light guide body 103 is superposed on the triangular prism 121 to form a prism 14 and the prism (4) removes light guided in the light guide body 103 from the light extraction surface 12 (). The light extraction structure is formed by a ridge protrusion extending in a predetermined direction. When the prism α4i is viewed from the z-axis direction in the direction parallel to the direction in which the light is taken out, the concave-convex structure B having an anisotropic shape is used. The point at which each of the triangular prisms 141 has a triangular cross-section is the same as that of the triangular prism 121. As shown in FIG. 14, the main axis pB of the anisotropic shape of the prism 141 extends from the prism with respect to the light extraction surface side in the z-axis direction. The direction of the anisotropy shape of the principal axis PA intersects. The action of guiding the light along the main axis PA by the prism ΐ2 is carried out. By the direction of the principal axis PB of the anisotropic shape of the triangular prism 141, the light can be easily taken out by the inclined surface 142 143 of the triangular prism i4i. Among them, the viewpoint of the extraction efficiency which is improved by the step-by-step, the triangular prism 121 anisotropic shape main axis pA# triangular prism 141 anisotropic shape main axis PB is preferably orthogonal. Further, unlike the triangular prism 121, the triangular prism 141' is formed by arranging a predetermined interval D between the adjacent triangular prisms 141 as shown in Fig. 15 . Here, the interval D between the triangular prisms 141 is set to be (4) & Thereby, the formation of the triangular prism 141 becomes larger as the distance is introduced into the φ 110, and the farther away from the light is introduced from the ΐι〇22 20 201131225 the mirror 141 takes the light with a higher extraction efficiency. Generally, the farther away from the position of the first introduction surface 110, the less the number of wells that are guided by light, the more the light can be taken out by the distance from the light introduction surface 110. The structure (here, the triangular prism 141) can be taken out by the light extraction w and uniformly white in the X-axis direction. ~ The spacing D of the specific triangular prism 141 is equal to or greater than 10/im. It is preferable that the above is better than 30/^ or more, and is usually 1 〇〇〇〇 (four) or less, preferably 5 ρ or less, and more preferably 3 〇〇〇 / / m or less. If it is too small, there is a tendency that the light is scattered by the diffraction phenomenon or the manufacturing process becomes too difficult, and the portion where the light is taken out and the portion of the unexposed portion can be visually recognized as having the possibility of becoming an optical defect. . The width of the triangular prism 141 (in the present embodiment, the dimension in the x-axis direction. See FIG. 14). 1Χ, usually 1〇M z #m or more is better than 3〇em or more, and the helmet is Qnn. The 逋 section is m or less, preferably 2 〇〇 or less, and more preferably 1 GMma. If it is too small, light may be scattered due to the diffraction phenomenon, or it may be difficult to manufacture. If it is too large, it is possible to visually recognize the light and dark of the portion where the light is taken out and the portion where the light is not taken out, and there is a possibility that $ is an optical defect. The height of the triangular prism 14! (in the present embodiment, the dimension in the z-axis direction. See Fig. 15) h, usually the above. More than 2 〇n is better than 3. 0 "More preferably, the following is preferably _ #m or less, preferably 3 or less. However, the height of the triangular prism 141 is to prevent light guided in the light guide body 103 from diffusing in the Y-axis direction. It is preferable to set the height of the triangular prism 121 or less. 21 201131225 However, since the prism 141 is formed to overlap the triangular prism 121, the triangular prism 121 is distinguished by the prism ΐ4ι on the light extraction surface 120 as shown in Fig. 14. When the triangular prism 121 is viewed from the two-axis direction in each of the divided sections, the triangular prism 121 preferably has an anisotropic shape. The light guided in the light guiding body 103 does not diffuse in the γ-axis direction. The length of the triangular prism 12i is made larger than the width Lx of the triangular prism 121, in such a manner as to guide the light in the x-axis direction. Generally, since the length of the segmented prisms 121 [the distance D between the prisms 141 and the prisms 141 is uniform, it is preferable from the above viewpoint that the interval D of the prisms is larger than the width Ly of the prisms 121. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 16, a triangular prism 151 is formed on the back surface 13A of the light guide body 〇3 so as to overlap the triangular prism 131. The triangular prism 151 is formed by taking out light guided by the light extraction surface 2 from the light guided in the light guide 103, and is formed in the same manner as the triangular prism 141 of the light extraction surface 120. That is, the triangular prism 151 is a triangular prism having a triangular cross section of the inclined surfaces 152 and 153. Further, the major axis pb of the anisotropic shape of the triangular prism 151 extends in a direction intersecting the major axis pA of the anisotropic shape of the triangular prism 131 (the direction orthogonal to each other is preferable. See Fig. 17). Further, the triangular prism 151 is formed by arranging a predetermined interval j) between the adjacent triangular prisms 151, and the interval D between the triangular prisms ι 51 is set to be shorter as it progresses from the inside in the direction of the x-axis direction (refer to the figure). 15). Since the illuminating device 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, the same advantages as those of the illuminating device 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained. Fig. 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which the light guided in the light guide body 103 of the third embodiment of the present invention is taken out, and the light guide body 103 is cut in a plane perpendicular to the γ-axis direction. The 咅4 side view of the representation. As shown in FIG. 18, in the illumination device 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, since the triangular prism 141 and the triangular prism 151 are formed as the light extraction structure in the light guide 103, the light extraction surface 120 can effectively light a take out. [Fourth embodiment] Fig. 19 is a perspective view schematically showing an outline of an illumination device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a part of the light guide body according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is cut away from the light extraction surface side. Fig. 21 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a part of the light guide body according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is cut from the back side. 19 to 21, the same reference numerals as in Fig. 18 denote the same parts as those of Fig. 18. As shown in Fig. 19, the illumination device 4 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes: a plate-shaped light guide body 1 〇 4; a complex light source 201; and a dimming device 301 for dimming the light source 201. Here, the light source 201 and the dimming device 301 are the same as the first embodiment. Further, the light guide body 〇4 is provided on the light extraction surface 120 having the triangular prism 1 21, and the triangular prism 121 has fine irregularities 144' on the back surface 13 of the portion having the triangular prism 131, and the triangular prism 131 is provided with fine unevenness 1 Other than 54 is the same as the light guide 1 〇1 of the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 20, a plurality of irregularities 144 are formed on the light extraction surface 120 of the light guide body 〇4 so as to overlap the surface of the triangular mirror 121. The unevenness 144 is formed by a light extraction structure 23 201131225 which guides light guided in the light guide 104 from the light extraction surface 120. Further, ... 44 may be one or both of the concave portion and the convex portion, and Fig. 20 shows an example in which the convex portion is provided as the uneven portion (4). The shape of the concavity and convexity 144 is not limited. For example, a polygonal column, a cylinder, a polygonal pyramid, a polygonal pyramid lacking a top shape, a round shape, a conical shape lacking a top shape, an elliptical cone, and an elliptical cone lacking a top &; 1 shell. The shape of the cymbal or a part of the elliptical rotator. 0 #m以 , to 40 Width 144 of the width 'usually 1·〇βιη or more, to 2.  It is better, 卩3. 0 (four) or more is better, usually 5 〇 " below // m is better, and 3 〇 # m is better. The height of the unevenness 144 is usually. 5"m is better than l, with 1. More preferably 5 or more, usually 25 " below, preferably below 2 〇 β m, and preferably below 15 # m. The interval (pitch) between the concavities and convexities 144 is set to be narrower as it progresses from the inside in the direction of the x-axis direction. Thereby, as the density of formation of ... 44 becomes larger away from the light introduction surface 110, the light is more effectively removed by the unevenness 144 as it moves away from the light introduction surface. Therefore, similarly to the third embodiment, the light extraction® 120 can uniformly extract light in the X-axis direction. The spacing of the specific irregularities 144 is usually 1 〇 or more, preferably 2 〇 "above, and 3. G "m or more is better, usually below l_G0#m, preferably 50,000" or less, and preferably 3 〇〇〇Mm or less. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 21, on the back surface 130 of the light guide 104, irregularities 54 are formed on the surface of the prism 113. The ridges 54 are formed by taking out the light guided out of the light guide 104 by the light extraction surface 12G, and are formed in the same manner as the unevenness 144 of the light extraction surface 120. According to the illuminating device 4 of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the illuminating device 4 of the fourth embodiment can be used in the same manner as the illuminating device 1 of the first embodiment, and the same advantages can be obtained. Further, in the illumination device 4 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, since the light guide 104 is formed with the unevenness 144 and the unevenness 154 as the light extraction structure, the light extraction surface 120 can effectively take out the light. [Fifth Embodiment] Fig. 22 is a perspective view schematically showing an outline of an illumination device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of a light guide body ' in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is cut in a plane perpendicular to the γ-axis direction. In addition, in FIGS. 22 and 23, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 21 denote the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 21. As shown in Fig. 22, the illumination device 5 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention includes a plate-shaped light guide 105, a complex light source 201, and a dimming device 301 for dimming the light source 2A1. Here, the light source 201 and the dimming device 301 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Further, the light guide body 丨〇5 is the same as the light guide body 第一 of the first embodiment except that the entire light guide body 〇5 including the portion where the prism 26 and the triangular prism 131 are formed contains the light diffusing agent 145. As shown in Fig. 23, a light diffusing agent 145 is present in the light guide body 〇5. The light diffusing agent 145 is a particle having a property of diffusing light, and functions as a light extraction structure for extracting light guided in the light guide 105 from the light extraction surface ι2. The type of the light diffusing agent 145 is roughly classified into an inorganic filler and an organic filler. The inorganic filler may, for example, be glass, dioxane, nitrogen oxide 25 201131225, oxidized sulphur, titanium oxide, oxidized sulphur, sulfuric acid, sulphuric acid, and the like. Things. The organic filler may, for example, be an acrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, a polystyrene resin, a polystyrene resin, a polyacrylonitrile resin, a polyamide resin, a polyoxyalkylene resin, a melamine resin, a benzoic melamine resin. 'Fluorine resin, polycarbonate resin, Shiki gum resin, polyethylene glycol, * ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylonitrile, and bridging materials thereof. Among these, as an organic filler, microparticles composed of acryl guess resin, polystyrene resin, polyglycol resin, and the like are not highly dispersible, have high heat resistance, and are not formed during molding. It is better to have a coloring (yellow). Among these, the fine particles composed of the bridge material of the Shixi gum resin are more preferable at the point where the volatile component at the time of molding processing is small. Further, the light diffusing members 45 may be composed of two or more kinds of materials, or may be used by mixing two or more kinds of light diffusing agents. The shape of the light diffusing agent 145 is not limited. For example, a spherical shape, a cubic shape, a needle shape, a rod shape, a spindle shape, a plate shape, a scaly shape, a fibrous shape, or the like can be given. Further, the 'light diffusing agent 145' may be used in one type, or two or more types may be used in combination at any ratio. The diameter of the light diffusing agent 145 is 〇. 2/zm or more is better. More preferably m or more 'α 50" The following is better than (4). The diameter of the person here is substituted with the diameter of the same volume of the ball when the light diffusing agent 145 is not completely spherical. In the case of a filler having a different size in a direction like a needle, the diameter of a circle having the same area as the cross-sectional area of the cross section perpendicular to the direction is substituted. The concentration of the light diffusing agent 145 is preferably set to be higher in the direction of the sense axis in this direction. Thereby, along with the light diffusing agent 丨45. Since the light is introduced into the surface 110 and the prostitute is far away from the light introduction surface 110, the light diffusing agent 145 can effectively take the light π , , , . Similarly to the third and fourth embodiments, the light is taken out uniformly by the light extraction surface 19n20 in the X-axis direction. The light diffusing agent 具4 5 & : Cao # 4b can be set according to the thickness of the light guide body 丄〇5. The content of the light diffusing agent 145 in the entirety of 1nc and V precursors 1〇5 is 0.  0 0 01% by weight 卜么社 _ On the best, to 〇.  More preferably, it is 0005% by weight or more, more preferably 0. 1% by weight or less, and more preferably η π tongue-〇 / 0. 05 weight % or less. If there is too little, there is a possibility that the light cannot be taken out. If the target is too large, the position of the square is too high and the brightness uniformity tends to be lowered. Since the illuminating device 5 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, the same advantages as those of the illuminating device 第一 according to the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, in the illumination device 5 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, since the light diffusing agent 145 is included in the light guide 105 as the light extraction structure, the light can be efficiently taken out by the light extraction surface 120. [Sixth embodiment] Fig. 24 is a perspective view schematically showing an outline of an illumination device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In addition, in FIG. 24, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 23 denote the same parts as those of FIG. As shown in Fig. 24, the illumination device 6 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a plate-shaped light guide 106, a complex light source 201, and a dimming device 301 that modulates the light source 201. Here, the light source 201 and the dimming device 301 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Further, the light guide body 1 〇6 has a semi-cylindrical shape 126 as a concavo-convex structure 于 instead of the triangular prism 121 on the light extraction surface 1 06, and has a semi-cylindrical shape i36 as a concavo-convex structure A on the back surface 130 of 27 201131225 instead of the triangular prism 131. Other than the light guide body 1 of the first embodiment. Fig. 25 is a perspective view schematically showing a portion in which the light guide body 106 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is viewed from the side of the light extraction surface 12, and Fig. 26 is not intended to show the cutting of the present invention. A perspective view of a portion of the light guide 1G6 of the sixth embodiment as viewed from the back surface 13Q side. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the internal reflection of light in the light guide body 106 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and cutting the light guide body 1〇6 in a plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction. A schematic cross-sectional view is shown. In addition, in FIGS. 25 to 27, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 24 denote the same portions as those in FIGS. 1 to 24. As shown in Figs. 25 and 26, the semi-cylindrical shape 126 and the semi-cylindrical shape 136 are the same as the triangular prism 121 and the triangular prism 131 except for the cross-sectional shape. A section in which the semi-cylindrical shape 126 and the semi-cylindrical shape 136 are cut in a plane perpendicular to the x-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 27, is a curve of a part of a circle or an ellipse (for example, a semicircle or a semi-ellipse). shape. Therefore, the surfaces 127 and 137 of the semi-cylindrical shape 126 and the semi-cylindrical shape 136 are formed by a smooth curved surface, and the central portion thereof is gradually inclined toward the light extraction surface 12A with the end portion in the Y-axis direction. Since the surface 丨27 of the semi-cylindrical shape 126 and the surface 137 of the semi-cylindrical shape 136 are inclined as described above, the surface 127 and the surface 137 have portions which are not parallel to the γ-axis direction (i.e., intersect with the Y-axis). Therefore, similarly to the inclined faces 122 and 133 of the triangular prism 121 of the first embodiment, the surface 127 of the semi-cylindrical shape 126 and the surface 137' of the semi-cylindrical shape 136 may not be guided by light. The light A in the light guide body 101 is internally diffused and diffused in the axial direction of γ 28 201131225. Since the illuminating device 6 of the sixth embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, it can be used in the same manner as the illuminating device 1 of the first embodiment, and the same advantages can be obtained. [Seventh embodiment] Fig. 28 is a perspective view schematically showing a liquid crystal display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Further, in Fig. 28, the same reference numerals as in Fig. 27 denote the same portions as those of Fig. 1 and Fig. 27. As shown in Fig. 28, a liquid crystal display device 7 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention includes an illumination device 1 and a liquid crystal panel 401. As the liquid crystal panel 401, a liquid crystal panel of various known display modes can be used. For example, twisted nematic (TN) mode, super twisted nematic (STN) mode, mixed array nematic (HAN) mode, vertical alignment (VA) mode, multi-region vertical alignment (MVA) mode, planar conversion (ips) mode, A liquid crystal panel that optically compensates for a display mode such as a curved liquid crystal (〇CB) mode. The liquid crystal panel 401 can display a map on the display surface 410 by the light supplied to the opposite side (i.e., the back side) of the display surface 410. The lighting device 1 is the same as the device described in the first embodiment. The illuminating device 1 is provided on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 401, and emits light to the liquid crystal panel 401. Since the liquid crystal display device 7 of the seventh embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, the liquid crystal panel 401 is irradiated with light by the illumination device 1. At this time, since the light guide 101 can selectively extract light by the light extraction surface 120 in the desired region, the illumination device 1 can selectively illuminate the desired region of the liquid crystal panel 012 with the light of 2011 201132. . Therefore, the liquid crystal display device 7 of the seventh embodiment can realize an effective area control technique, and can attain an advantage of image quality improvement, energy saving, and the like. [Other Embodiments] The first to seventh embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention may be further modified and implemented. For example, the configuration of the above embodiment can be implemented in any combination. For example, regarding the shape of the light guide body 106, the light guide bodies 101 to 106 may have a shape other than a plate shape. Therefore, the light extraction surface 1 2 〇 and the back surface 13 亦可 may not be parallel. Further, when the light guide body 10 is in the form of a plate, the shape of the main surface may not be rectangular. Furthermore, the thickness of the light guides 1〇1 to 1〇6 may or may not be uniform as needed. For example, the light introduction surface 110 may be a surface that is not orthogonal to the X-axis direction. Further, the light introduction surface is not limited to i planes, and may be two or more surfaces. As an example of a modification of the illumination device 8 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29, the side surface 140 on the opposite side to the light introduction surface 11A of the light guide 101 is also used as a light introduction surface, and may be provided on the side surface. Light source 201. Fig. 29 is a view schematically showing the illumination device 8 as a first modification, and shows the same portion as Fig. 28 to Fig. 28 to Fig. 28. The front surface of the 140-an embodiment is the same symbol. For example, regarding the uneven structure A, the cross-sectional shape of the triangular prisms 121 and 131 may be a shape other than the above-described triangular shape and trapezoidal shape. For example, the outer quadrangular shape ' may be a polygonal shape of a pentagon or more. Further, the main axis direction of the anisotropic shape (the prisms 30 201131225 131 and the semi-cylindrical shapes 126 and 136) of the concavo-convex structure A may be the same as the above-described direction as long as it is not perpendicular to the predetermined direction of the light-skin light. The direction is broken and directed. Therefore, when the uneven structure A is a ridge-shaped convex portion, the direction in which the extending direction A is not orthogonal to the predetermined direction can be set to an arbitrary direction. It is preferable that the main axis of the anisotropic shape of the convex structure is smaller than the above-mentioned predetermined square = the cross angle. In addition, when the uneven structure has flat portions 125 and 135, the position thereof can be any position. A modification of the third embodiment is shown in Fig. 3. :: The flat portion 125 may be provided in the recess 124 as shown. Further, the flat portion 125 may be provided on both the convex portion and the concave portion 124 of the three mirror 121. Further, FIG. 30 is a view schematically showing a portion of the light guide m which is a modification of the third embodiment, and a view similar to the case where the light is taken out from the side of the light extraction surface 12, and the same symbol as that of FIG. 'The system shows the same part as FIG. Further, the 'concave-convex structure A' may have a structure other than the ridge-shaped convex portions of the triangular prisms 12 and 131 and the semi-cylindrical shapes 126 and 136. The illustration shows the specific example. Fig. 31 is a perspective view showing a state in which a portion of the light guide 108 according to an embodiment of the present invention is cut away from the side of the light extraction surface 12 . In addition, FIG. 32 is one of the concavo-convex structures A in which the light of the light guide 108 according to the embodiment of the present invention is taken out from 12 ,, and viewed from the light extraction surface side in the z-axis direction. The maps of m soil and 恍 are in the same manner as in Figs. 31 and 30, and the same symbols as those in Figs. 1 to 30 are shown in the main _ &

As shown in Fig. 31, the medium, the raw A convex kA may have a convex portion 1 28 of a shape of an ellipsoid of 31 201131225 minutes. In the convex portion 28, at least a part of the surface i 29 is a surface which is not parallel to the Y-axis direction (i.e., intersects with the γ-axis). Therefore, similarly to the inclined faces 122 and 123 of the triangular prism 121 and the inclined faces 132 and 133 of the double prism 131 according to the first embodiment, the surface 129' of the convex portion 128 may not be guided to the light guide body 1〇1. The light inside is internally diffused in the γ-axis direction. Further, as shown in Fig. 32, the convex portion 128 has an anisotropic shape as viewed in the direction of the x-axis. Specifically, the length of the convex portion 128 (here, the dimension Ηχ in the X-axis direction, the width of the vehicle intersection convex portion 128 (here, the dimension in the axial direction) Ly is large. Thereby, the convex portion 128 is In the internal reflection of the surface 129, the frequency of internal reflection which reverses the direction of the component in the Y-axis direction of the light is increased, and the above-described action of suppressing the diffusion of light in the direction of the ¥ is effectively exhibited. 120 and the back surface 130 As long as it is formed on at least the square surface of the light extraction surface, it is not necessarily required to be formed on both sides. Further, the 'concave structure A' can have the same structure as the light extraction surface 120 and the back S13G as in the above embodiment. However, different configurations are also possible.

Further, the 'concave structure 4: a can be set only in the plane of the light extraction 120 and the back δ 130 as in the above embodiment! The structure may be a combination of two or more structures in the same combination. Further, the uneven structure A is not necessarily provided in the entire area of the light guide body 1〇1] (the light extraction surface 12〇 or the back surface 13〇 of Hh. Therefore, at least the light extraction surface 120 or the back surface 130 is provided. In the desired area ma] 〇 1h in which light is to be taken out, only a part of the light extraction surface 12 〇 and the back surface (10) may be provided with the uneven structure A. 32 201131225 For example, the light extraction structure 'as a ridge of the light extraction structure' A semi-cylindrical shape may be used for the uneven shape. When the semi-cylindrical shape is used as the light extraction structure, the same advantages as when the triangular prism 141 is used (see the third embodiment) can be obtained. At this time, the semi-cylindrical interval, The width, the height, the extending direction surface, and the like may be the same as those of the triangular prism 141. Further, the light extraction structure may be formed by any of the light extraction surface 12A and the back surface 13A, and may not necessarily be formed. In the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, the light extraction surface 120 and the back surface 130 may have the same structure or may have different structures. The light extraction structure is also formed in the same manner as in the above embodiment. In the surface of the surface 120 and the back surface 130, only one type of structure may be provided, and two or more types of structures may be incorporated in the same plane. Further, the light extraction structure image is separated from the light introduction surface 110 by the density as in the above-described embodiment. In order to increase the size, the light can be uniformly extracted in the X-axis direction by the light extraction surface 12A as the size of the light extraction surface 110 is increased from the light introduction surface 110. For example, the "light source 201" is in the above embodiment. The light source 201 can be separately dimmed by the dimming device 301, and can be dimmed for each group. In this case, for example, two or more light sources 201 are disposed corresponding to the regions 101a to l1h of the light guide 101, respectively. The group formed by illuminating the light source 2〇1 corresponding to the desired area l〇la~lolh of the pre-extracted light, and dimming the light source 201. For example, regarding the liquid crystal display device 7, and the liquid crystal panel 4 The lighting device of the first embodiment is not limited to the lighting device of the first embodiment. Further, the liquid crystal display device 7 may be provided with components other than the liquid crystal panel 4〇1 and the lighting device 1. Examples of the constituent elements include a brightness enhancement film, a condensing film, a prism sheet, a light diffusion plate, an optical compensation film, a diffusion sheet, and a reflective sheet. [Materials and Processes of Light Guides] The material of the light-emitting body, the method of the production, and the like. The material of the light-guide body is, for example, a glass or a transparent resin. The material of the light guide may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds in any ratio. Examples of the transparent resin include a propylene-ethylene copolymer polystyrene (PS), a (meth) acrylate-aromatic vinyl compound, a poly(p-ethylene glycol vinegar), and a stupid Dicarboxylic acid _ glycol-ring = alcohol copolymer, poly carbon (tetra), methyl (tetra) acid resin, alicyclic resin (such as rare norborne resin). Among these, there are; a resin having a ring structure, a methyl acrylate resin, and a (meth) yttrium yttrium yttrium dialkyl compound copolymer resin are preferred as a tree having an alicyclic structure. (4) Be good. The resin having an alicyclic structure has a good fluidity of the molten resin. Therefore, when the light guide body is produced by injection molding, it can be filled into two holes with a low injection pressure: the bonding wire does not easily occur. Further, for example, when forming a ΐς light guide body, the shape is easily applied during molding. Further, it is less, and after the molding, the film is low in 0, and the hygroscopicity of the resin having a known % structure is excellent in dimensional accuracy. The light guide body is less likely to be bent. Further, since the specific gravity of the resin having a condensed ring structure is small, a resin having an alicyclic structure such as κ or the like may be mentioned as a main chain or a resin having an alicyclic structure. :: Compound resin. Among them, the meniscus having an alicyclic structure in the main chain is particularly preferable because of good mechanical strength and heat resistance.槠 The above alicyclic structure is preferably a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon structure. The number of carbons constituting the alicyclic structure is preferably 4 or more, more preferably 5 or more, and most preferably 30 or less. More preferably 2 Å or less, and particularly preferably 15 or less. The polymer resin having an alicyclic structure has a fat of 0, and the proportion of the anti-frost early position of m k is 5. The weight% or more is preferably 7% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more. 'The resin having an alicyclic structure, for example, a ring-opening polymer, a ring-opening copolymer or a hydrogenated product of the granules; a addition polymer of the norbornene (tetra) monomer, addition copolymerization Or a hydrogenated product; a monocyclic: a polymer of an olefin-based monomer or an argon-added product thereof; a polymer of a cyclic conjugated diene monomer or a hydrogenated product thereof; a vinyl alicyclic hydrocarbon A polymer, a copolymer or a hydrogenated product of a monomer; a hydrogenated product of an unsaturated bond portion of an aromatic ring of a polymer or copolymer containing an ethylene-based aromatic hydrocarbon monomer. Among these, due to the mechanical strength and the hydrogenation of the polymer of the norbornene monomer and the aromatic ring of the polymer of the vinyl aromatic second monomer and the hydrogenation of the bonded portion It is particularly excellent in heat resistance. Further, among the above transparent resins, the mercapto-based acrylic resin is excellent in transparency, and is strong and not easily cracked, so that it can be used satisfactorily. The methacrylic resin ′ is, for example, a thiol-based acrylic resin molded material 35 201131225 containing 8% by weight or more of a methyl methacrylate polymer as specified in JIS Κ6717. Among the thiol-based acrylic resins specified in this specification, the Vickers degree of knowledge is 96 to 10 (rC, the specified classification code of the melt flow rate of 8 to 16 i〇〇_^〇b = methacrylic resin, It is particularly preferable that the fluidity and the strength of the light-conducting body are good. The forming material wq of the light-guide body may also contain an oxidation preventing agent, and the oxidation preventing agent may be, for example, a phenolic oxidation preventing agent or a cerium oxidation preventing agent. H oxidation preventive agent, etc. Among these, it is preferable that the I-based oxidation preventive agent is oxidized by an alkyl group; the stopper is particularly preferable. Further, the oxidation preventive agent may be used singly or in any ratio. It is used in combination of two or more kinds. The amount of the anti-moistening agent for the numerator, the amount of the rolling agent is preferably 0.01 part by weight or more, more preferably 〇〇2 by weight or more, and α is more preferably It is preferable that it is less than 2 parts by weight, and it is more preferable that it is a weight part or less. The shaping|molding material of a light guide is a light-resistant stabilizer, and it is a light-resistant stabilizer. For example, hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS), benzoates It is a kind of light-resistant stabilizer which can be used alone or in the form of a branching amine light stabilizer. Anything more than the car 9人9 sheep, 'and 5 or more kinds of use. The amount of light stabilizers' for the resin component 10 〇 重晋邱 U n n4 a Α 邛 01 01 01 01 weight or more is better, 0 _ 0 2 is more preferably more than the weight, more preferably 0.05 part by weight or more, more preferably 2 parts by weight or less, more preferably 1 part or less, and particularly preferably 0 parts by weight or less. Forming materials, additives, other additives, agents, near-infrared absorbing agents, etc., as needed, further include other heat stabilizers, UV absorbing stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, etc. 36 201131225 A coloring agent such as a dye or a pigment; a fluorescent whitening light diffusing agent; a pentahydrate π electric preventing agent; and other additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds in any ratio. The size of the face (in the above embodiment, the X axis The dimension in the direction of the direction is 'normal' set according to the size of the effective surface of the liquid crystal panel of the liquid crystal display device using the light guide. Further, the thickness of the light guide is set to be the dimension in the Z-axis direction of the above embodiment) It is preferable that the light-emitting portion of the light source (the size in the z-axis direction in the above embodiment) has a small value, and the thickness of the two-crystal panel is reduced or reduced. The larger value allows the light from the light source to be taken in. The light guide is preferable in that the thickness of the light guide is 'manufactured and easy to handle, preferably u2 mm or more, and more preferably 'from the viewpoint of being thinner and lighter, _ Good, better than 4_, especially better than 3mm. For the light guide, for example, the refractive index is 1 533 (the critical angle is 4 。.) When the light guide is formed of a resin, the light guide may have a dimensional change (elongation or bending) due to moisture absorption. In particular, when the size of the light guide body is large (for example, the change in the relative positional relationship between the light source and the light introduction surface of the illumination device due to the change in size) tends to reduce the light utilization efficiency. Therefore, the light guide body The water absorption rate is preferably set to 〇.5〇% or less, more preferably 〇25% or less, and more preferably 0.05% or less. In addition, the water absorption rate in the present specification is based on JISK7209 eight method, thickness The test piece of the diameter of the circular plate shape or the square of the side of 5Gmm is dried, and then cooled in the moisture-proof box by the dipping 纟23 <t water at 24 hours 37 201131225 weight. The method for producing the light guide body is not limited. For example, when the light guide body is formed in a plurality of numbers, it can be produced by injection molding, extrusion molding, and washing. Further, a method of forming a concavo-convex structure on the surface of the light guide body is not particularly limited, and a flat light guide body can be prepared in advance, and a concavo-convex structure is formed after the surface of the light guide body. In this case, a method of forming a concavo-convex structure on the surface of a flat-shaped light guide body, for example, a method of cutting a tool using a tool capable of forming a pattern of a desired shape, and applying a photocurable resin to The method of printing the state of the mold of the desired shape to make it harden by the method of screen printing to the land & D, 仃 and dot matrix printing, to form a concave-convex structure by laser processing, to A method of applying a photocurable resin or a thermosetting tree sap to form a concavo-convex structure by an inkjet method. A method of forming a concavo-convex structure on the surface of the light guide body, for example, forming a U-convex k at the same time as the formation of the light guide body. At this time, for example, it is also possible to have an irregular shape of the profiled mold having a shape corresponding to the convex structure of the desired projection M i . 2', for example, a triangular prism stripe may be formed by embossing after extrusion. 'For example, a casting mold capable of forming a desired uneven shape can be prepared, and the casting mold can be used to form a casting mold, and the light guide body can be formed by injection molding. When forming the uneven structure, a metal mold capable of forming a desired uneven structure can also be used. Further, the mold shape transfer for the above-mentioned photocurable resin, the profile die extrusion processing, the embossing processing, the mold which is processed along the mold or the injection molding, etc., may be, for example, a shapeable mold. The cutting process of the metal member of the mold of the tool of the concave and convex structure is performed, and the member having the desired shape is formed by electroforming 38 201131225 - processing or the like. [Light Source] Hereinafter, a light source will be described. The light source can be exemplified by #LED, a clock-emitting diode, a cold cathode tube (CCFL, EEFL), a hot cathode tube (HCFL), etc., but the wind is light/original. The point light source may be any one as long as it is light-introducible from the light-introducing surface, and the surface is sufficiently light, for example, an etchable j such as a +-conductor laser. However, in general, as described in the above embodiments, it is preferable to use led. The LED can be, for example, a blue-yellow-yellow analog white light-emitting diode, a three-color (RGB) mode white light-emitting diode, or the like. For the LED, for example, a side-emitting type LED, a surface-mounted type (10) or a cannonball type LED can be used. The LED's illuminating neighboring p-bucket n I is especially good. The size of the crucible can be set according to the light distribution characteristics of the LED. Generally, the width and height of the 'LED (four) light portion are made equal, and those having a width or height may be used as the (10) when the cross section is elliptical or oblong. The general high dome type LED' has a light distribution of the Lambertian type and emits a full width at half maximum (full width at half maximum) of 120. Relatively large divergence of left and right '. However, among the light irradiated by the light source, more light is introduced into the light guide. As the LED, the full width at half maximum is 80. The following is good, to 7 〇. The following is better: at 6°. The following is especially good. Ideally, it is better to emit LEDs that are as close as possible to light. In order to suppress the darkening of the portion between the LEDs corresponding to the portion of the light guide body, the full width at half maximum of the LED is preferably more than 100 and more preferably 110. The above is especially good. Further, as the light source, a light-emitting element such as an LED may be combined with an optical element such as a lens or the like. For example, even when a half-height full-width LED is used, as long as the LED is combined with a lens, a light source having a full width at half maximum of the illumination light in a preferred range as described above can be realized. Further, a light source that constantly emits light may be combined with an optical shutter (for example, a liquid crystal panel or the like) provided between the light source and the light introducing surface to form a light source that can be turned on, off, and adjusted in amount of light. [Examples] The present invention is not limited to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and may be arbitrarily changed without departing from the scope of the invention and the scope of the invention. [Embodiment 1] Fig. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing the simulation conditions set in the simulation performed in the embodiment. In the following example, an optical model was produced using the optical simulation software "Tools" (manufactured by Cybernet Co., Ltd.) under the conditions described later, and simulation was performed. In addition, as the material f of the light guide body, a resin containing a thermoplastic alicyclic structure (trade name: ZE〇N〇R142〇, manufactured by Nippon Co., Ltd., refractive index: 1.533, critical angle of 4〇7) is used. Rate 〇〇1%) The light guide body is a rectangular flat plate-shaped light guide body having a long side of 700 positions and a short side of 25 mm' thickness. Fig. 2 shows a triangular prism extending along the short side direction of the light guide as the uneven structure A. The triangular prism of the light extraction surface is cut into a plane perpendicular to the short side direction by an equilateral = angle, and the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section is 60. In addition, the height of the prism of the light extraction surface is 5 〇 / / m' width is 57.7 ym. 40 201131225 Furthermore, the entire surface of the back surface of the other main surface of the light guide body is as shown in Fig. 4, and has a triangular ridge "A" extending in the short-side direction of the light guide body. The shape of the cross section of the triangular prism on the back side which is cut in a plane perpendicular to the short side direction is equal to three (four). The apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the above cross section is 90. . In addition, the height of the triangular prism on the back side is 50 " m ' width is i00 / / m. , ... original for the outside; L long side 2. 5mm, short side 丨 5mm, thickness 〇 5 dragon LED. In addition, the size of the light-emitting portion of the LED is long side 2 coffee, short side 1 followed. In addition, the absorption of the light-emitting portion of the LED is 15%, and the full width at half maximum is 12 〇. . As shown in Fig. 33, an LED 503 is provided in the center of the longitudinal direction Y of the light introducing surface 5〇2 of one of the long side faces of the light guiding body 501, and the LED 503 can be irradiated to the light introducing surface 502 of the light body 5〇1 by *. In this a temple, the distance between the LED 503 and the light introducing surface 502 of the light guide body is 2 mm. Further, the periphery j of the LED 503 is covered with a lamp cover (a lamp cover of a model set by the software used) 5, and the light is irradiated by the light of the LED 5〇3, and the axis of the light is the short side direction of the light guide body 501. The X piece is 廿λ仃, and the predetermined direction of the light guide is parallel to the short side direction X. In the above configuration, when the LED 503 is irradiated with light, the measurement position on the inner side of the side surface 505 on the opposite side to the light introduction surface 502 (that is, the light introduction surface 502 / the short side direction is separated by 25 mm) Light is detected on the surface of the light body in parallel with the light introduction surface 502. In the case where the light intensity detected by the measurement position at which the line extending perpendicularly to the light-introducing surface 5〇2 perpendicularly extends from the center of the LED 503 is measured in the Z-axis direction is measured as "1 GG%" The light diffusion width of the long-side direction γ of 50% is 41. The light diffusion width W of 201131225 Y is. The degree W50 and the intensity of light were measured in the longitudinal direction of 5%. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the angles of the apex angles of the prisms on the light extraction surface and the # surface are calculated to the angle of inclination of the slope, and the angle of the slant angle and the light diffusion is shown in Fig. 35. The inclination angle is the width W of the light diffusion. Further, in Fig. 34 and the circle 35, the horizontal axis indicates the inclination angle of the slope of the prism on the back surface. Further, the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the prism of the light extraction surface has an oblique angle of 6°. The person uses the "+" character, and the angle of the triangle is 35, which is drawn in "black circle" with an oblique angle of 3 inches. It is drawn in a "black triangle" with an oblique angle of 25. It is drawn with "black four corners", and its oblique angle is π, which is drawn with "X number", and its oblique angle is 15 .古·丨,,“丄^. The angle of the needle is 15 and it is drawn with “white circle”. The angle of the angle is 1〇, white-angle” draws 'the light is taken out as a flat surface without bumps. "draw. [Embodiment 2] The setting of the triangular prism of the light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 is changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the prism cross section is η 〇 β, the height of the prism is 50 M m, and the width is 142· 8 μ. The widths W50 and W5 of light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example i except for m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the relationship between the inclination angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated as shown in Fig. 34, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in Fig. 35, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in Fig. 35. The relationship of width w5. [Embodiment 3] The setting of the triangular prism of the light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 is changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the prism cross section is 120°, the height of the triangular prism is 42 201131225 50 V m, and the width is 1 73. The widths W50 and W5 of light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for 2 // m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the relationship between the inclination angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated as shown in Fig. 34, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in Fig. 35, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in Fig. 35. The relationship of width W5. [Embodiment 4] The setting of the triangular prism of the light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 is changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the triangular prism section is 14 〇, and the height of the triangular prism is 50 " m, width 2 7 4. The widths W50 and W5 of light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for 7 μm. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the relationship between the inclination angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated as shown in Fig. 34, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in Fig. 35, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in Fig. 35. The relationship of width w5. [Example 5] The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed to a semi-cylindrical shape. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the semi-cylindrical shape cut by the surface perpendicular to the short-side direction X of the light guide body 501 is a semicircular 'semi-cylindrical height of 5 〇/iin and a width of 1 〇〇 # m. The results are shown in Table 1. [Example 6] The triangular prism of the uneven structure A of the light-receiving surface of the light guide body 501 was added in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment except that the triangular prism was provided as the uneven structure B as shown in Fig. 13 . Measure the width of the light diffusion w5 〇 and W5 〇 43 201131225 The prism structure as the uneven structure β is along the light guide 5 (the prism extending in the longitudinal direction of π, and the longitudinal direction γ of the light guide 5 〇丨The shape of the cross section cut by the vertical plane is an equilateral triangle. Further, the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the above cross section is 15 〇, and the height is 5 〇 / ί ΖΠ 1. Further, the interval D between the triclines of the concavo-convex structure β Specifically, as shown in Fig. 33, the distance I from the light-introducing surface 502 is 0 mm to 9. 6 mm, and the area I is D = 2400 / / m. The distance of 502 is 9.6 mm~34. The area of 8 mm is D = 1 800 mm, and the distance from the light-introducing surface 5〇2 is 34. 8 mm~94. The area of 8 mm is D=1200//m. The light-introducing surface 502 has a distance of from 94. 8 mm to 249. The area IV of 6 mm is D = 600 // m. Further, in the embodiment 6 'for the light guide The light extracted from the light extraction surface at the measurement position of the measurement position of 250 mm along the short side direction X was measured for the light diffusion width of the light intensity of 50% or more in the longitudinal direction γ. The results are not shown in Table 1. [Example 7] The setting of the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism was 12 Å, and the width was 173.2 " m, and the measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The widths of the light diffusions are w5 〇 and W5. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the inclination angles from the apex angles of the prisms to the slopes on the light extraction surface and the back surface were calculated, and the inclination angle and light diffusion are shown in Fig. 34. The relationship of the width W50 is shown in Fig. 35. The relationship between the inclination angle and the width W5 of the light diffusion is shown in Fig. 35. [Embodiment 8] 44 201131225 - The setting of the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 is changed, and the equilateral portion of the cross section of the prism is changed. The widths W5 〇 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the apex angle of the triangle was 12 〇 ° Width of 1 73 2 #m. The results are shown in Table 1. And the back corner of the prism by the top corner The angle of inclination to the inclined surface is shown in Fig. 34 as a relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of light diffusion. Fig. 35 shows the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W5 of light diffusion. [Embodiment 9] Changing the light guide body 501 The prisms on the back surface were set such that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism was 120°, and the width of the light diffusion was evaluated as 5 〇 and w 5 in the same manner as in Example 3 except for the width of 1732 #m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, 'the angle between the angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in FIG. The relationship of width W5. [Embodiment 10] The setting of the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the triangular prism was 120. The widths W5 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the width was 173 2 / / m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, 'the angle between the angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34. FIG. 35 shows the inclination angle and the light diffusion. The relationship of width W5. [Embodiment 11] 45 201131225 The setting of the triangular prisms on the light extraction surface and the back surface of the light guide body 501 is changed, and the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prisms of both the light extraction surface and the back surface is set to 1 3 〇. The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the width was 21 4 · 5 # m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the difference between the light extraction surface and the back surface is the angle of the apex angle of the prism to the inclination angle of the slope, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W5 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34. The relationship of the width W5 of the diffusion. [Embodiment 1 2] The setting of the triangular prisms on the light extraction surface and the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed, and the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prisms on both the light extraction surface and the back surface was 140. The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except that the width was 2 7 4. 7 # m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the inclination angles from the apex angle of the prism to the slope of the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34. FIG. 35 shows the inclination angle and the light diffusion. The relationship of width W5. [Embodiment 13] The setting of the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the triangular prism was 15 Å. The widths W5 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except that the width was 3 73 2 / m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the inclination angles from the angles of the apex angles of the prisms to the slopes on the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in FIG. The width of the W5 relationship. [Embodiment 14] 46 201131225 Only the prism of the back surface of the light guide body 501 is set so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the triangular prism is 15 Å. The widths W5 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the width was 373.2 " m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the inclination angles from the angles of the apex angles of the prisms to the slopes on the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in FIG. The width of the W5 relationship. [Embodiment 1 5] The setting of the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the triangular prism was 150. The widths w5 〇 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the width was 373.2 #m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, 'the angle between the angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in FIG. The relationship of width W5. [Example 16] The setting of the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed, and the light diffusion was measured in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism was 150° and the width was 373.2 /zm. The width is W50 and W5. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the inclination angles from the angles of the apex angles of the prisms to the slopes on the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W 5 0 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle is shown in FIG. The relationship of the width W5 of light diffusion. [Embodiment 17] 47 201131225 The setting of the triangular prism on the light extraction surface and the back surface of the light guide body 501 is changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism is 15 Å. , the width is 373.2 " m other than the embodiment! Similarly, the widths of the light diffusions w5 〇 and W5 were measured. The results are shown in Table i. Further, the angles of the apex angles of the prisms on the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated to the inclination angles of the slopes, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in FIG. The relationship of width W5. [Embodiment 18] The setting of the triangular prism on the light extraction surface and the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism was 16 Å. The widths W5 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the example i except that the width was 567·1 //m. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the inclination angles from the angles of the apex angles of the prisms to the slopes on the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in FIG. The width of the W5 relationship. [Example 19] The light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 was a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the setting of the triangular prism on the back side is such that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism is 30°. The height of the prism is 50 μm and the width is 26.8 // m. The above matters are in addition to the examples! Similarly, the widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the relationship between the inclination angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated as shown in Fig. 34, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in Fig. 35, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in Fig. 35. The relationship of width W5. 48 201131225 [Embodiment 20] The light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 is a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the setting of the triangular prism on the back surface is changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the triangular prism is 60 ′ and the height of the prism is 50/ζι, and the width is 5 7. 7 // m. The widths W 5 0 and W 5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except the above. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the angles of the apex angles of the prisms on the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated to the inclination angles of the slopes, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in FIG. The relationship of width W5. [Example 21] The light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 was a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the setting of the triangular prism on the back surface is changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the triangular prism is 90 °. The height of the triangular prism is 50 #ιη, and the width is 100. 0 as / m. The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except for the above. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the relationship between the inclination angle of the apex angle of the prism and the back surface of the light extraction surface and the back surface is calculated as shown in Fig. 34, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in Fig. 35, and the inclination angle and the light diffusion are shown in Fig. 35. The relationship of width W5. [Example 22] The light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 was a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the setting of the triangular prism on the back side is such that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism is 120°' The height of the triangular prism is 50 am, and the width is 1 73. 2 # m. The widths W 5 0 and W 5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except the above. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, it is calculated that 49 201131225 is the inclination angle of the light extraction surface and the back surface from the apex angle of the prism to the inclined surface, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W5 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34, and the inclination angle is shown in FIG. The relationship of the width W5 of light diffusion. [Example 23] The light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 was a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the setting of the triangular prism on the back surface was changed so that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the triangular prism was 150. The height of the prism is 5 〇 and the width is 373. 2 # m. The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the example i except the above. The results are shown in Table 1β. The inclination angles from the apex angle of the prism to the slope of the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width 光5 光 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. The relationship between the inclination angle and the width W5 of light diffusion. [Example 24] The light extraction surface of the light guide 501 was measured as a width W5 〇 and adhesion of light diffusion in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the flat surface was free from unevenness. The results are shown in Table 1. [Example 25] The light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 was a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the prism of the S f-plane is defined such that the apex angle of the equilateral triangle of the cross section of the prism is 90. The prism has a height of 5 〇//m and a width of 100 m. A flat portion having a width of 1 〇# is provided in the concave portion of each of the triangular prisms (see Fig. 30). The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the example except the above. The results are shown in Table 1. [Example 26] 50 201131225 The light of the light guide body 5〇1 was taken to be inflamed, and the surface of the Nasushicho was taken out as a flat surface having no unevenness. In addition, the semi-cylindrical shape of the back surface is changed, and the cross-sectional shape of the straight surface of the light guide body 501 in the short-side direction of the light guide body 501 is a semi-circle, and the cross-sectional shape is semicircular. The height of the columnar shape was 5 〇", and the width was set to a flat portion having a width of 10/zm between the respective semi-cylindrical shapes. The width W5...5 of the light diffusion was measured in the same manner as in the fifth embodiment except for the above. The results are as follows: [Example 27] The light extraction surface of the light guide 501 was a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the semi-cylindrical shape of the back surface was changed, and the semi-cylindrical shape and the light guide were used. The cross-sectional shape of the 501 short-side direction X-vertical surface is cut to a radius of 5 U, and the circular arc shape of the circle has a height of 38" and a width of 1 〇〇 ". The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion were measured in the same manner as in the fifth embodiment except for the above. The results are shown in Table 1. [Embodiment 2 8] The light extraction surface of the light guide body 501 is a flat surface having no irregularities. Further, the semi-cylindrical shape of the back surface is changed, and the cross-sectional shape of the semi-cylindrical shape cut by the surface perpendicular to the short-side direction X of the light guide 5G1 is a circular arc shape of a circle having a cutting radius of 51/ζιπ. The height is 38" and the width is 1". A flat portion having a width of 1 〇 is provided between the respective semi-cylindrical shapes. The width W5 of the light diffusion is measured in the same manner as in the fifth embodiment except for the above. And the result is shown in Table 1. [Example 29] The setting of the triangular prism on the back surface of the light guide body 501 was changed so that the equilateral triangle apex angle of the cross section of the three-sided 51 201131225 mirror was 9 〇. MKm has a width of 100. Oem, and a flat portion is provided in the concave portion of each of the prisms. The widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion are measured in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment except the above. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 30] The semi-cylindrical shape of the back surface of the light guide body 501 is changed, and the cross-sectional shape of the semi-cylindrical shape cut in a plane perpendicular to the short-side direction χ of the light guide body 501 is a cutting radius 51 m. Round arc with a height of 3 8 in m and a width of 1 00/zrn, a flat portion is provided between the respective semi-cylindrical shapes with a width of 1 〇 " m. In the same manner as in the fifth embodiment, the widths W50 and W5 of the light diffusion are measured to be the same as 5. The results are shown in the table. 1. [Comparative Example 1] The width of the light diffusion was measured in the same manner as in the case of i, except that the light extraction surface and the back surface of the light guide 501 were formed as flat surfaces having no unevenness, and the results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the angles of the apex angles of the prisms to the slopes of the light extraction surface and the back surface are calculated, and the relationship between the inclination angle and the width W50 of the light diffusion is shown in FIG. 34. This angle angle and light diffusion are shown in FIG. The relationship of the width W5. ~ 52 201131225 [Table 1] [Table 1. Results of Examples and Comparative Examples] Light extraction surface back Wso (mm) W5 (mm) Extraction light distribution (mm) Top angle of the prism section South of the prism (yczm) Width of the prism (em) The apex angle of the prism. The height of the prism. (^m) The width of the prism (yam) The width of the flat portion (#m) Example 1 60. 50 57.7 90. 50 100.0 - 7 61 - Example 2 110° 50 142.8 90. 50 100.0 - 13 73 - Example 3 120° 50 173.2 90. 50 100.0 - 13 61 - Example 4 140° 50 274.7 90. 50 100.0 - 11 57 - Example 5 140° 50 274.7 Semicircle 50 100.0 - 33 101 - Example 6 140° 50 274.7 90. 50 100.0 - 9 63 15 Example 7 60. 50 57.7 120. 50 173.2 - 21 101 - Example 8 110° 50 142.8 120. 50 173.2 - 35 111 - Example 9 120° 50 173.2 120. 50 173.2 - 27 189 - Example 10 140° 50 274.7 120. 50 173.2 - 45 137 - Example 11 130° 50 214.5 130. 50 214.5 - 63 227 - Example 12 140° 50 274.7 140° 50 274.7 - 81 269 _ Example 13 60. 50 57.7 150. 50 373.2 - 21 81 - Example 14 110° 50 142.8 150. 50 373.2 - 39 119 - Example 15 120° 50 173.2 150° 50 373.2 - 45 141 - Example 16 140° 50 274.7 150° 50 373.2 - 73 197 - Example 17 150° 50 373.2 150° 50 373.2 - 129 331 - Example 18 160° 50 567.1 160. 50 567.1 - 183 377 - Example 19 - - - 30. 50 26.8 - 13 117 - Example 20 - - - 60. 50 57.7 - 25 159 - Example 21 - - - 90. 50 100.0 - 7 137 - Example 22 - - - 120. 50 173.2 - 41 219 - Example 23 - - - 150. 50 373.2 _ 157 347 - Example 24 - - - Semicircle 50 100.0 - 31 105 - Example 25 - - - 90. 50 100.0 10 11 145 - Example 26 - - - Semicircle 50 100.0 10 34 120 - Example 27 Arc 38 100.0 - 33 110 - Example 28 - - - Arc 38 100.0 10 38 124 - Example 29 140° 50 274.7 90. 50 100.0 10 12 70 - Example 30 140° 50 274.7 Arc 38 100.0 10 38 104 - Comparative Example 1 - - - - - - - 273 437 -

From Table 1, it is understood that the example W50 is narrower than the comparative example. Therefore, according to these embodiments, it can be confirmed that the light guide of the present invention can guide light to the light guiding direction of the desired 53 201131225 and suppress the diffusion of the guided light. In particular, from the results of Example 6, it is understood that the first distribution taken out from the light extraction surface is in a narrow range. Therefore, according to the light guide of the present invention, it is understood that light in a desired region can be selectively taken out. Further, from Fig. 34 and Fig. 35, it can be confirmed that the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the prism as the uneven structure 8 has a preferable range. Further, from the results of Examples 24, 26, 27 and 28, it was confirmed that the semicircular column shape was also suitable. Further, from the results of Examples 4, 5, 21 and 24 and Examples 25 to 30, it is understood that a substantially equal suppression effect can be obtained by providing a flat portion between the concavo-convex structures in order to improve productivity. Further, in the results of Examples 1 to 18 and 25 to 28 and Examples 19 to 24, 29 and 30, it is understood that both the light extraction surface and the back surface are provided with a concavo-convex structure, and when only one surface is provided, W 5 changes. narrow. Therefore, according to the embodiments, it is confirmed that the light guide of the present invention can provide light to the light guiding direction of the desired light by providing the uneven structure on both the light extraction surface and the back surface, and can further suppress the light. The diffusion of light guided light. From the results of the above embodiments, it is understood that according to the present invention, a lighting device and a liquid crystal display device which can perform area control can be realized. [Industrial Applicability] The light guide of the present invention can be used arbitrarily for optical applications, and can be suitably used for a surface-emitting illumination device. Such a lighting device can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display device. Further, the "illumination device of the present invention" can be used for applications other than illumination such as display windows, for example, in the illumination device of the backlight type of the liquid crystal display device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a first aspect of the present invention. A perspective view of the situation of the first embodiment of the invention. 2 is a view schematically showing one of the prisms which are cut out from the side of the light extraction surface, and which is formed on the light extraction surface of the light guide of the first embodiment of the uninvented product 73. A plan view seen from the side of the light extraction surface in the Z-axis direction. Fig. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a part of the light guide body according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the back side. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing one of the prisms of the facet of the light guide body according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the back side in the z-axis direction. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a section in which a light guide body is internally reflected in a light guide body according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and a light guide body is cut in a plane perpendicular to the x-axis direction. Figure. Fig. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing an outline of an illumination device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a part of the light guide body according to the second embodiment of the present invention is cut away from the light extraction surface side. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the double prism in which the light extraction surface of the light guide body 55 201131225 of the second embodiment of the present invention is viewed from the light extraction surface side in the z-axis direction. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of the light guide body according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the back side. Fig. 11 is a plan view showing a back side of one of the prisms formed on the back surface of the light guide body according to the second embodiment of the present invention in the 纟z-axis direction. Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an outline of an illumination device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a state in which the portion - of the light guide of the third embodiment of the present invention is viewed from the light extraction surface side. Fig. 14 is a plan view showing two adjacent prisms in the concave-convex structure A of the light extraction surface of the light guide body according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the light extraction surface side in the z-axis direction. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of a light guide body ' in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention, which is cut in a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction. Fig. 16 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a portion of the light guide according to the third embodiment of the present invention is cut from the back side. The figure is a plan view of the two adjacent prisms of the concavo-convex structure A on the back surface of the light guide of the third embodiment of the invention, as viewed from the back side in the z-axis direction. Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the light guide taken out in the light guide body according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The light guide body is cut away from the plane perpendicular to the γ-axis direction. 56 201131225 Fig. 1 9 is a sound map; 4· i? meaning an ‘, a perspective view showing an outline of the lighting device of the fourth embodiment of the present month. Fig. 20 is a perspective view showing a part of the light guide body according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and is a view of the case where the field is viewed from the side of the field. Fig. 21 is a schematic view. A perspective view of a part of the light guide body according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is viewed from the side of the product, is shown in Fig. 22. Fig. 22 is a view showing illumination of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a light guide body 'in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicular to a plane of the yaw axis. Fig. 24 is a view showing the present invention. Fig. 25 is a perspective view showing a state in which a part of the light guide body according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is cut away from the light extraction surface side. A perspective view showing a part of the light guide body according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the back side. Fig. 27 is a view for explaining light guiding to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Light in the body In the case of internal reflection, a cross-sectional view schematically showing a light guide body in a plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction is schematically shown in Fig. 28. Fig. 28 is a schematic view showing a liquid crystal display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 29 is a view schematically showing an illumination device according to a modification of the first embodiment.

In the 30th section, a part of the body of the light guide 57 201131225 of the modification of the third embodiment is cut out, and a perspective view of the case where the surface side is viewed is taken out first. Fig. 31 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a part of the conductor of the embodiment of the invention is cut from the light extraction surface 12G side. The plan view of the light-extracting surface side in the Z-axis direction of one of the concave A medium and the raw A & A of the light extraction surface of the light guide according to the embodiment of the present invention. . Fig. 3k is a plan view showing the simulation conditions set for the simulation performed in the first embodiment. Fig. 34 is a view showing the inclination angle of the light diffusion width 〇W5〇' measured by the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention and the comparative example 1, and the prisms formed on the light extraction surface and the surface of the light guide. Diagram of the relationship. Fig. 35 is a graph showing the relationship between the width W5 of the light diffusion measured by the examples 4, 7 to 23 and the comparative example ι of the present invention, and the inclination angle of the prism formed on the light extraction surface and the back surface of the light guide. . [Main component symbol description] 1 to 6, 8: illumination device; 7: liquid crystal display device; 101 to 108: light guide; 110: light introduction surface; 120: light extraction surface; 121, 131: triangular prism (concave structure a , ridged convex portion); 122, 123, 132, 133: bevel of the triangular prism; 124, 134: concave portion between the triangular prisms; 125, 135: flat division; 126, 136: semi-cylindrical C concave-convex structure a, ridge 58 201131225 - 127, 137: semi-cylindrical surface 128: convex portion (concave structure A); 1 2 9 : surface of convex portion; 1 3 0 : back surface; 140: side of light guide body 141, 151: triangular prism (light extraction structure, uneven structure B) 142, 143, 152, 153: slope of the triangular prism; 144, 1 54: unevenness (light extraction structure); 145: light diffusing agent (light extraction structure); 0 1 : light source; 301 : dimming device; 4 01 . liquid crystal panel, 501 : light guide body; 5 0 2 : light introduction surface; 503: LED; 504: light sleeve; 505: side surface of light guide body 59

Claims (1)

201131225 VII. Patent application scope: i A light guide body having: a light introduction surface for introducing light; a light extraction surface for taking out light introduced from the surface of the above-mentioned road surface product, and a surface of the light extraction surface On the opposite side, the light guiding unit introduced from the light introducing surface is oriented to a predetermined direction, wherein at least one of the light extracting surface and the upper i tooth surface has a direction of the light extraction direction + 彳, D In view of the above, the size of the orientation is larger than the above-mentioned predetermined square, and the size of the direction is larger than the concave-convex structure A of the directional shape. The light guide according to claim 1, wherein both of the upper take-out surface and the back surface have the uneven structure a. The light guide according to claim 1, wherein a major axis of the anisotropy of the uneven structure 视 viewed in a direction parallel to the take-out direction is parallel to the predetermined direction. 4. If you apply for a patent scope! The light guide according to the item, wherein the concave portion of the convex structure A is continuous. 5. The light guide according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the concave portion and the convex portion of the concave-convex structure A has a flat portion. 6. The light guide according to claim 1, wherein the light guide having the uneven structure A has a light guiding the light in the light guide body from the light extraction surface. Light extraction structure. 7. The light guide according to claim 6, wherein the major axis of the anisotropic shape of the concave-convex structure A is orthogonal to the anisotropy of the concave-convex structure b. The light guide body shaft of the seventh aspect, wherein the anisotropic shape of the concave B is orthogonal to the major axis of the anisotropic shape of the convex structure A of the patent application. 9. The light guide according to claim 6th, wherein the light extraction structure is a concave-convex formed on a surface of the concave structure. 1 0. The light guide body of claim </RTI> wherein the light extraction structure&apos; density or size becomes larger as the read pass encounters the light introduction surface. 11. The light guide of claim 6, wherein the light extraction structure is a light diffusing agent present in the light guide. 12. The light guide body of claim 1, wherein the concave convex structure has a ridge-like convex portion. 13. The light guide body of the seventh aspect of the invention, wherein the concave convex structure has a ridge-like convex portion. 14. The light guide according to claim 12, wherein the ridge-like tenon has a triangular prism or a semi-cylindrical shape having a triangular cross section. 15. A lighting device comprising: a light guide, as described in the scope of the patent application; and a light source for illuminating the light introduction surface of the light guide. 16. For example, the application of the patent scope 帛 15 households of lighting history, which has a plurality of the above-mentioned light sources, the plurality of light sources can be individually or individually dimmed. 17. The lighting device of claim 15, wherein the light source is an LED. 61 201131225 18. A liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal panel, and a lighting device, which is provided on the back side of the liquid crystal panel as described in claim 15 of the patent application. 62