201130752 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用以製造藉由模壓成形而獲得之透鏡 等光學玻璃之玻璃預製件及其製造方法。 【先前技術】 近年來’伴隨數位相機之用途擴大及高功能化，所使用 之透鏡之形狀亦多樣化’先前已有所增加之各種形狀之透 鏡之非球面化之期望不斷增加。又，對於用於光學讀寫頭 之凸形狀透鏡，亦要求曲率半徑較小之陡斜之形狀。 為了製作此種透鏡’若僅使用球形狀或橢圓球形狀之玻 璃預製件’則壓製所致之玻璃之變形量變大，因此難以精 度較佳地獲得所期望之形狀。因此，為了減小玻璃之變形 量’提出有具有與最終透鏡形狀近似之形狀之玻璃預製 件。先前，此種透鏡近似形狀玻璃預製件係採用藉由對由 玻璃錠切出之玻璃進行磨削、研磨而製作，或者於手動壓 製之簡易壓製後進行研磨加工之方法。除此之外，可列舉 將高溫之玻璃坯壓製成型之直接壓製法（例如參照專利文 獻1)〇 先前技術文獻 專利文獻 專利文獻1:日本專利特公平7-29781號公報 【發明内容】 發明所欲解決之問題 當製造玻璃預製件時，必須精度較佳地製作目標透鏡之 153265.doc 201130752 厚度、直徑、曲率等多個部位之尺寸。於藉由磨削、研磨 製作複雜之形狀之玻璃預製件之情形時，尺寸中容易產生 偏差，會產生導致作為玻璃預製件最重要之特性即體積精 度變動之問題。又，於由研磨而製作之情形時，亦存在於 側面殘留磨削麵，而自該處產生玻璃粉等粉塵，從而對透 鏡之鏡面品質帶來影響之虞。又，進行壓製時，該磨削麵 到達透鏡有效面之情形時，亦存在變為不良之問題。又， 該方法中步驟繁雜，並且磨削、研磨所致之廢棄玻璃增 加’因此於成本或環境方面存在問題。 於藉由手動壓製來製作玻璃預製件之情形時，必需於壓 模上塗佈脫模劑。脫模劑容易附著於玻璃，為了於壓製後 去除脫模劑必需進行研磨。於此情形時，亦會產生與既述 之藉由磨削、研磨之方法相同之問題。 直接壓製之製造方法中，因高溫之玻璃述與低溫之模具 接觸，故而僅玻璃坯之中接觸於模具之部分得以急冷而導 致變形不充分，表面變得容易產生褶皺。又，因於將玻璃 述供給至模具時之玻璃坯切斷時產生切痕，故而存在必需 於壓製後藉由研磨而去除該切痕之問題。 本發明係為了解決上述課題而完成者，其目的在於提供 一種具有高體積精度、表面品質優異、進而低成本之玻璃 預製件。 解決問題之技術手段 本發明者等人經過積極研究後發現，藉由對玻璃塊實施 特定之步驟而成之玻璃預製件，可解決上述課題，並提出 153265.doc 201130752 作為本發明 即，本發明係關於一 一種玻璃預製件， 璃塊之模麗成形體，且表面未研磨。 其特徵在於包含玻 本發明之玻璃預製件因藉由使用模具 造，故而即便為於玻斑矣而似劣九,. 之模壓成形而製BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a glass preform for producing an optical glass such as a lens obtained by press molding, and a method of manufacturing the same. [Prior Art] In recent years, the use of the digital camera has been expanded and the functionality has been increased, and the shape of the lens used has been diversified. The expectation of the asphericalization of the lens of various shapes which has been increased in the past has been increasing. Further, for a convex lens for an optical pickup, a steeply curved shape having a small radius of curvature is also required. In order to produce such a lens, if only a glass preform having a spherical shape or an elliptical spherical shape is used, the amount of deformation of the glass by pressing becomes large, so that it is difficult to accurately obtain a desired shape. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of deformation of the glass, a glass preform having a shape similar to the shape of the final lens has been proposed. Previously, such a lens-approximate shape glass preform was produced by grinding and grinding a glass cut out from a glass ingot, or by a simple pressing after manual pressing. In addition, a direct compression method in which a glass slab of a high temperature is press-molded is exemplified (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). 〇 文献 文献 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Problems to be Solved When manufacturing a glass preform, it is necessary to accurately produce a size of a plurality of portions such as thickness, diameter, and curvature of the target lens. When a glass preform having a complicated shape is produced by grinding or grinding, variations in size tend to occur, which causes a problem of variation in volume accuracy which is the most important characteristic of the glass preform. Further, in the case of being produced by polishing, the grinding surface remains on the side surface, and dust such as glass frit is generated from the surface, which affects the mirror quality of the lens. Further, when the grinding surface reaches the effective surface of the lens when the pressing is performed, there is a problem that it becomes defective. Further, the steps in the method are complicated, and the waste glass due to grinding and grinding is increased, so there is a problem in terms of cost or environment. In the case where a glass preform is produced by manual pressing, it is necessary to apply a release agent to the stamper. The release agent tends to adhere to the glass, and it is necessary to perform the polishing in order to remove the release agent after pressing. In this case, the same problems as those described by grinding and grinding are also caused. In the direct press manufacturing method, since the glass at a high temperature is in contact with the mold at a low temperature, only a portion of the glass blank that is in contact with the mold is quenched to cause insufficient deformation, and the surface is likely to wrinkle. Further, since the glass blank is cut when the glass is supplied to the mold, the cut is generated. Therefore, there is a problem that it is necessary to remove the cut by polishing after pressing. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a glass preform having high volume accuracy, excellent surface quality, and low cost. Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have found through active research that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by a glass preform which is formed by performing a specific step on a glass block, and proposes 153265.doc 201130752 as the present invention, that is, the present invention It relates to a glass preform, a molded body of a glass block, and the surface is not ground. It is characterized in that the glass preform of the present invention is formed by using a mold, so that even if it is inferior to the spotted enamel, it is formed by press molding.
如，研磨等所致之線狀槽較少）。又， 又，本發明之玻璃預製 件係與先前之藉由直接壓製而製作者不同，不具有表面之 褶皺或切痕等不良情形，因而表面品質優異。因此，將該 玻璃預製件壓製成形而獲得之透鏡中，幾乎不會發生光學 像之混亂。 又’因不存在由磨削或研磨面產生之玻璃粉等灰塵之問 題’故而可消除該灰塵所引起之生產不良。 第二’本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於具有選自雙凸、 雙凹、凹凸、平凸及平凹中任一者之透鏡近似形狀。 如此，玻璃預製件具有與目標透鏡形狀近似之形狀，藉 此可減少模壓成形時之玻璃變形量。因此，可精度較佳地 獲得具有所期望之形狀之透鏡。 第三，本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於光學有效面為非 球面形狀。 若使用光學有效面為非球面形狀之玻璃預製件，則於製 作非球面透鏡之情形時，壓製成形時之玻璃之變形量較小 即可，因此會有使壓製成形時間縮短及尺寸精度提高之優 153265.doc 201130752 勢。 第四，本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於玻璃塊之玻璃轉 移點為70(TC以下。 藉由使用具有7〇〇°C以下之相對較低之玻璃轉移點之玻 璃塊，模壓成形變得容易，從而容易獲得本發明之玻璃預 製件。 第五，本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於在玻璃預製件表 面轉印有源自壓模之粗糙面。 第六’本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於在除光學有效面 以外之位置轉印有源自壓模之粗糙面。 藉由使用該構成之玻璃預製件進行模壓成形，亦於所製 作之透鏡中，在除光學有效面以外之位置（例如透鏡之側 頂部）容易形成有粗糙面。藉此，可藉由該粗糙面擴散濾 光之光，塗佈於透鏡側面之防止外部光之侵入用之黑色塗 裝變得容易接著，因此較佳。 第七，本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於光學有效面與側 面部之邊界部分為凸曲面狀。 玻璃預製件中，若於光學有效面與側面部之邊界部分月 成有例如邊狀角部，則於自外部施加衝擊時，存在施加方 該角部之應力變大而破損之虞。即便微小之破損亦會導至 體積精度之劣化，或已破損之玻璃片變為粉塵而成為玻琴 預製件之品質劣化之原因。再者’雖然亦可考慮藉由隹” 加工除去角部之方法，但於採用該方法之情形時，因步舉 數增加故而導致生產效率或成本上升。又，導致玻璃则 153265.doc 201130752 件之體積精度之下降。 第八’本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於在表面形成有壓 縮應力層。 若於玻璃預製件之表面形成有壓縮應力層，則藉由表面 與内部之壓縮應力差而使玻璃預製件強化，因此可減少操 作時之破損。 第九’本發明關於一種透鏡，其特徵在於係將上述任一 玻璃預製件模壓成形而成。 第十，本發明之透鏡之特徵在於在除光學有效面以外之 位置轉印有源自壓模之粗糙面。· 第十一’本發明係關於一種玻璃預製件之製造方法，其 特徵在於包括：將熔融玻璃成形而製造特定形狀之玻璃 塊；及使用具有至少凹部或凸部之模具將該玻璃塊模壓成 形。 第十二’本發明之玻璃預製件之製造方法之特徵在於在 進行模壓成形前’加熱玻璃塊以成為丨〇9 dPa.s以下之黏 度。 於冷間將玻璃塊設定於模具，同時加熱玻璃塊與模具， 溫度上升至玻璃塊之軟化點附近為止後進行壓製成形時， 每次壓製成形必需進行玻璃塊與模具之加熱與冷卻，壓製 成形需要長時間。另一方面，本發明之玻璃預製件之製造 方法中’於進行模壓成形前，預先加熱玻璃塊以成為特定 之黏度，因此可大幅縮短壓製成形所需要之時間。 發明之效果 153265.dot 201130752 本發明之玻璃預製件即便於在玻璃表面形成複雜之形狀 之情形時亦可發揮下述顯著效果：體積精度優異，因省略 模壓成形後之磨削及研磨步驟而表面精度較高，又因不存 在褶皺或切痕等不良情形而表面品質優異。因此，將該玻 璃預製件壓製成形而獲得之透鏡中，幾乎不會發生光學像 之混亂。進而，本發明之玻璃預製件中，因可省略模壓成 形後之磨削及研磨步驟’故而廢棄玻璃所致之成本或環境 方面之問題亦得以解決。 【實施方式】 本發明之玻璃預製件之特徵在於：其係將玻璃塊模壓成 形而成者’且於模壓成形後未進行研磨處理。玻璃塊之形 狀並無特別限定’但若為橢圓形狀、大致球狀則可容易獲 得具有所期望之形狀之玻璃預製件，因此較佳。 本發明之玻璃預製件之形狀並無特別限定，但較佳為選 自雙凸、雙凹、凹凸、平凸及平凹中任一者之透鏡近似形 狀。只要對應於目標之透鏡形狀，適當選擇玻璃預製件之 形狀即可。 圖1表示本發明之玻璃預製件之實施形態。圖1之（a)係表 示雙凸形狀之玻璃預製件之圖’（b)係表示雙凹形狀之玻璃 預製件之圖，（c)係表示凹凸形狀之玻璃預製件之圖，（d) 係表示平凸形狀之玻璃預製件之圖，（e)係表示平凹形狀之 玻璃預製件之圖。 再者’如既述般，將本發明之玻璃預製件模成形而成之 透鏡較佳為於除光學有效面以外之位置（例如透鏡之側面 153265.doc 201130752 部)形成有源自壓模之粗糙面。此處，玻璃預製件中，亦 可於除光學有效面以外之位置形成有源自壓模之粗糙面， 藉此’可容易地製作形成有所期望之粗糙面之透鏡。此處 所形成之《面因係、形成於模具表面之研磨等所致之粗縫 面可於模Μ形時被轉印至玻璃表面者，故而藉由點狀或 者線狀之突起部而形成m於藉由研㈣成玻璃 預製件之城面之情形時，成為形成有凹狀之點或線。例 如，圖!之各玻璃預製们中’亦可於側面部s形成有粗糙 面。再者，側面部s亦可為曲面形狀。 玻璃預製件之光學有效面較佳為非球面形狀。作為非球 :形狀’例如可列舉縱剖面形狀為2次曲線者。具體而 可列舉使光予有效面部分之光轴與3轴正交座標 系統之2軸—致時，通常利用下述式⑴表示之形狀。此 處，k為決定2次曲線之形狀之圓錐常數，c為中心曲率(R 為中心曲率半徑）。 [數1] h2 =X2 +y2 c = i -(1) 藉由使圓 狀成為旋For example, there are fewer linear grooves caused by grinding or the like). Further, the glass preform of the present invention is different from the prior art by direct compression, and has no defects such as wrinkles or cuts on the surface, and thus is excellent in surface quality. Therefore, in the lens obtained by press molding the glass preform, almost no optical image disorder occurs. Further, since there is no problem of dust such as glass frit generated by grinding or grinding, it is possible to eliminate the production failure caused by the dust. The second 'glass preform of the present invention is characterized by having a lens approximation shape selected from any one of a biconvex, a biconcave, a concavo-convex, a plano-convex, and a plano-concave. Thus, the glass preform has a shape similar to the shape of the target lens, whereby the amount of glass deformation at the time of press molding can be reduced. Therefore, a lens having a desired shape can be obtained with high precision. Third, the glass preform of the present invention is characterized in that the optical effective surface is an aspherical shape. When a glass preform having an optically effective surface having an aspherical shape is used, when the aspherical lens is produced, the amount of deformation of the glass during press forming can be small, so that the press forming time is shortened and the dimensional accuracy is improved. Excellent 153265.doc 201130752 potential. Fourth, the glass preform of the present invention is characterized in that the glass transition point of the glass block is 70 (TC or less.) By using a glass block having a relatively low glass transition point of 7 ° C or less, press molding becomes It is easy to obtain the glass preform of the present invention. Fifth, the glass preform of the present invention is characterized in that a rough surface derived from a stamper is transferred on the surface of the glass preform. The sixth 'glass preform of the present invention It is characterized in that a rough surface derived from a stamper is transferred at a position other than the optical effective surface. The molding is performed by using the glass preform of the composition, and in the lens produced, in addition to the optical effective surface (for example, the top side of the lens) is easily formed with a rough surface. Therefore, the black coating applied to the side surface of the lens to prevent the intrusion of external light can be easily adhered by diffusing the filtered light on the rough surface. Preferably, the glass preform of the present invention is characterized in that the boundary portion between the optical effective surface and the side surface portion is convex curved. In the glass preform, if it is on the optical effective surface and the side surface When the edge portion of the portion is formed with, for example, a corner portion, when the impact is applied from the outside, the stress applied to the corner portion is increased and the flaw is broken. Even a slight damage may cause deterioration in volume accuracy, or The broken glass piece becomes dust and becomes the cause of the deterioration of the quality of the glass preform. Further, although the method of removing the corner by 隹" can be considered, in the case of adopting the method, The increase in the number leads to an increase in production efficiency or cost. In turn, the glass has a decrease in the volumetric accuracy of the 153265.doc 201130752. The eighth glass preform of the present invention is characterized in that a compressive stress layer is formed on the surface. The surface of the member is formed with a compressive stress layer, and the glass preform is strengthened by the difference of the compressive stress between the surface and the inside, so that the damage during operation can be reduced. The ninth invention relates to a lens characterized in that A glass preform is molded by molding. Tenth, the lens of the present invention is characterized in that a transfer originating from a stamper is carried out at a position other than the optical effective surface. The invention relates to a method for producing a glass preform, comprising: forming a molten glass to produce a glass block of a specific shape; and using the mold having at least a concave portion or a convex portion to coat the glass The molding process of the glass preform of the present invention is characterized in that the glass block is heated to have a viscosity of 丨〇9 dPa.s or less before the press molding. The glass block is set in the mold in the cold. At the same time, when the glass block and the mold are heated and the temperature rises to the vicinity of the softening point of the glass block, the press forming is performed, and it is necessary to heat and cool the glass block and the mold for each press forming, and the press forming takes a long time. In the method for producing a glass preform according to the invention, the glass block is previously heated to have a specific viscosity before the press molding, so that the time required for press forming can be greatly shortened. EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION 153265.dot 201130752 The glass preform of the present invention exhibits the following remarkable effects even when a complicated shape is formed on the surface of the glass: excellent volume accuracy, and the surface is abraded by the grinding and grinding steps after the press forming The precision is high, and the surface quality is excellent because there are no defects such as wrinkles or cuts. Therefore, in the lens obtained by press molding the glass preform, the optical image is hardly disturbed. Further, in the glass preform of the present invention, the cost and environmental problems caused by the waste of the glass can be solved because the grinding and polishing steps after the molding can be omitted. [Embodiment] The glass preform of the present invention is characterized in that it is formed by molding a glass block into a shape and is not subjected to a grinding treatment after press molding. The shape of the glass block is not particularly limited. However, if it is an elliptical shape or a substantially spherical shape, a glass preform having a desired shape can be easily obtained, which is preferable. The shape of the glass preform of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably an approximate shape of a lens selected from any of a biconvex, a biconcave, a concavo-convex, a plano-convex, and a plano-concave. The shape of the glass preform can be appropriately selected as long as it corresponds to the lens shape of the target. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a glass preform of the present invention. Fig. 1(a) is a view showing a lenticular glass preform, Fig. 2(b) is a view showing a biconcave glass preform, and Fig. 1(c) is a view showing a embossed glass preform, (d) It is a figure which shows the glass preform of a flat convex shape, (e) is a figure which shows the glass preform of the flat-concave shape. Furthermore, as described above, the lens formed by molding the glass preform of the present invention is preferably formed at a position other than the optical effective surface (for example, the side surface of the lens 153265.doc 201130752) from the stamper. Rough surface. Here, in the glass preform, a rough surface derived from the stamper may be formed at a position other than the optical effective surface, whereby a lens which forms a desired rough surface can be easily produced. The rough surface formed by the surface formation, the polishing formed on the surface of the mold, etc., which is formed here, can be transferred to the glass surface in the form of a mold, and thus is formed by a dot-like or linear protrusion. In the case of grinding (4) into a city surface of a glass preform, a dot or a line having a concave shape is formed. For example, in each of the glass preforms of Fig., a rough surface may be formed on the side portion s. Furthermore, the side portion s may also have a curved shape. The optically effective surface of the glass preform is preferably an aspherical shape. The aspherical shape: the shape 'for example, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape is a secondary curve. Specifically, when the optical axis of the light-receiving surface portion is aligned with the two axes of the three-axis orthogonal coordinate system, the shape represented by the following formula (1) is usually used. Here, k is the conic constant that determines the shape of the second curve, and c is the central curvature (R is the central radius of curvature). [Number 1] h2 = X2 + y2 c = i - (1) by making the circular shape
R 1 + (A: + \)c2h2 J用式（1)表示光學有效面之玻璃預製件弓 錐常數k滿足·Kk<0、尤其_1<k<_〇7之範圍 轉橢圓面之非球面形狀。 玻璃塊之玻璃轉移點 就谷易進行模壓成形之觀點而言 153265.doc 201130752 較佳為700°C以下、650°C以下、64〇t以下，尤佳為630t 以下。 較佳為玻璃預製件之光學有效面L與側面部s之邊界部分 B為凸曲面狀。凸曲面之曲率半徑較佳為1〇 μηι以上、1〇〇 μηι以上、500 μπι以上、尤佳為丄mm以上。若凸曲面之曲 率半徑過小’則於自外部施加衝擊時，存在施加於邊界部 分B之應力變大而破損之虞。邊界部分8可藉由例如玻璃 預製件之模壓成形時之模具之形狀而成為凸曲面狀。 較佳為於玻璃預製件之表面形成有壓縮應力層。壓縮應 力層中之壓縮應力較佳為0.1 MPa以上、1 MPa以上、10 MPa以上、尤佳為40 MPa以上《若壓縮應力過小，則操作 時變得容易破損。 玻璃塊之材質並無特別限定，例如可列舉Si〇2_B2〇3系 玻璃、B203-Zn0-La203 系玻璃、Te〇2_B2〇3_w〇3_La2〇3 系 玻璃等。再者，所謂「m，係指含有該成分作為 必要成分之玻璃。 然而，本發明之玻璃預製件中，存在於表面形成有粗糙 面即點狀或線狀突起部之情形。該情形係因形成於模具 表面之研磨損傷等於模壓成形時轉印至玻璃表面而成，且 可以說為藉由模壓成形所製造之玻璃預製件之特徵。關於 突起部之形狀，若為線狀者則為0 001〜10 μιη之線寬且突 起之高度為0.001〜5 μηι »若為點狀者則直徑為〇 〇〇1〜1〇 Pm、高度為0.001〜5 μιη。存在於光學有效面之突起部較小 較佳’其線寬及直徑較佳為成為2 μπι以下、進而1 以 153265.doc .10- 201130752 下，更佳為成為〇. 5 μηι以下。源自壓模之粗链面較佳為轉 印至玻璃預製件之除光學有效面以外。 接下來，對本發明之玻璃預製件之製造方法進行說明。 首先’將調配成具有所期望之組成之玻璃原料熔融，成 為熔融玻璃。其次，將熔融玻璃成形為錠塊而獲得玻璃材 料。進而，將所獲得之玻璃材料切斷、研磨而製作特定形 狀（例如大致球狀）之玻璃塊。 較佳為於進行模壓成形前，使用電爐等預先加熱玻璃 塊。玻璃塊之加熱較佳為於玻璃之黏度成為109 dPa.s以 下、1〇7.6 dPa.s以下、1〇6.5 dpa.s以下、尤其 1〇5.4 dpas# 下之溫度中進行。若玻璃之黏度過高，則會有模壓成形所 需要之時間變長之傾向。另一方面，若玻璃之黏度過低， 則玻璃預製件變為高溫’模具亦同時變為高溫而容易不斷 劣化。接下來，將經加熱之玻璃塊填充於加熱至玻璃之軟 化點附近為止之至少具有凹部或凸部之模具内，施壓製力 直至形成所期望之形狀為止，進行模壓成形。此處，為了 防止模具之氧化所引起之劣化，模壓成形時之環境較佳為 真卫或非氧化性。作為非氧化性氣體，例如可列舉氫等還 軋體’或者氮、氬等惰性氣體。其中，t由於操作相對 谷易、且廉價’故而可較好地使用。模壓成形後，緩冷卻 至至’凰為止，獲得特定形狀之玻璃預製件。 、再者，玻璃塊除了上述製法以夕卜，亦可使用使熔融玻璃 y至倒圓錐型之成形模上而冷卻並成形為球或橢圓球形 狀等大致球狀者^此時，除了將滴下成形之玻璃—次冷卻 153265.doc 201130752 至室溫後’再次加熱至玻璃之黏度成為1〇9 dPa.sa下之溫 度為止而供給至模壓以外，亦可採用於滴下成形之玻璃之 冷卻過程中成為玻璃之黏度為丨〇9 dpa_s以下之溫度之時間 點移載至模具，供給至模壓成形之方法。 使用本發明之玻璃預製件進行模壓成形，藉此可獲得透 鏡。此處’模壓成形方法並無特別限定，可列舉玻璃預製 件之製造方法中所使用之與上述之模壓成形相同之方法。 作為壓模之材料’可使用SUS(StainlesS Steel，不鏽鋼） 系、碳化物等超硬金屬、Co系、碳系等。於脫模膜為必需 之情形時’可使用Pt等貴金屬系、DLC(Diamond-like carbon，類鑽碳）等碳系、氮化物系之脫模膜。 實施例 以下，基於實施例詳細對本發明進行說明，但本發明並 不限定於實施例。 (實施例1) 調配玻璃原料以成為Si02-B2〇3系之組成，並使用翻掛 堝於1300°C中熔融2小時。熔融後，將玻璃熔液成形為錠 狀’並進行退火。對所獲得之錠測定玻璃轉移點後，為 500〇C。 進行將錠切斷及研磨成所期望之尺寸，從而製作具有鏡 面之球狀之玻璃塊。於電爐内將玻璃塊加熱至黏度成為 1〇5·3 dPa*s之溫度附近為止，並填充於加熱至玻璃之黏度 成為101()·3 dPa’s之溫度附近為止之形成有凹凸形狀之模具 内，於氮環境下施加壓力直至形成所期望之形狀為止進行 153265.doc -12- 201130752 獲得如圖 模壓成形。模壓成形後，緩冷卻至室溫為止 1 (C)所示之凹凸形狀之玻璃預製件。 所製作之玻璃預製件之形狀、尺寸為如下。 外徑：20.0 mm 厚度（中心部）：3.0 mm 曲率半徑1(凹面）：-20,0 mm 曲率半徑2(凸面）·· -3〇.〇mm 曲率半徑3(邊界部分B) : 700 μιη 對以相同順序製作之10個玻璃預製件測定體積偏差後， 為±0.1%以内。 再者’玻璃預製件表面之壓縮應力層中之壓縮應力為48 MPa。壓縮應力之測定係藉由光彈性法測定。 所獲得之玻璃預製件之表面為鏡面，切痕或褶皱等表面 之起伏不存在。又’於玻璃預製件之表面形成有由模具之 研磨痕跡所引起之線狀突起。其線寬為〇5㈣且高度為〇」 μηι。因接觸於側面之模具表面為鏡面，故而所獲得之玻 璃預製件之側面部分亦成為鏡面。 使用所獲得之玻璃預製件，利用與上述相同之方法進行 模壓成形’獲得凹凸形狀之透鏡。此時’模壓成形時之填 充不足或龜裂沒有’务生。χ，所獲得t透鏡之側面部分亦 成為鏡面。 (實施例2) 調配玻璃原料以成為si〇2_B2〇3系之組成並熔融，使玻 璃熔液自喷嘴滴下至·錐形狀之模具上而冷卻並成形為 153265.doc -13· 201130752 擴圓球形狀。於電爐内將所獲得之擴圓球狀之玻璃塊加熱 至黏度成為104·8 dPa.s之溫度附近為止，並填充於加熱至 玻璃之黏度成為108·6 dPa.s之溫度附近為止之形成有雙凸 形狀之模具内，於氮環境下施加壓力直至形成形狀為止進 行模愿成形。模壓成形後，緩冷卻至室溫為止，獲得如圖 1(a)所示之雙凸形狀之玻璃預製件。模壓時之填充不足或 龜裂、玻璃與模具之熔接等不良沒有發生。 所製作之玻璃預製件之形狀、尺寸為如丁。 外徑：25.0 mm 厚度（中心部）： 5.0 mm 曲率半徑1 : 50.0 mm 曲率半徑2 : -50.0 mm 曲率半徑3(邊界部分Β): 1400 μηι 對以相同順序製作之10個玻璃預製件測定體積偏差後， 為± 1 %以内。 再者，玻璃預製件表面之壓縮應力層中之壓縮應力為12 MPa 〇 所獲得之玻璃預製件之表面為鏡面，切痕或褶皺等表 之起伏不存在H玻璃預製件之表面形成有由模具 研磨痕跡所引起之線狀突起。其線寬為〇 i 且高度 〇.〇5 μΓΠ。因接觸於側面之模具表面為粗糙面，故而二 得之玻璃預製件之側面部分亦成—。形成粗糖面 線狀痕係轉印有壓製所致之模具面而成者，且為凸形狀^ 使用所獲得之玻璃預製件，利用與上述相同之方法進― 153265.doc -14- 201130752 模壓成形’獲得雙凸形狀之透鏡。此時，模壓成形時之填 充不足或龜裂沒有發生。又，所獲得之透鏡之側面部分亦 成為粗輪面。 (實施例3) 使用由實施例1所獲得之玻璃塊’於電爐内將玻璃塊加 熱至玻璃之黏度成為10“ dPa.s之溫度附近為止，除此以 外’以與實施例1相同之條件進行壓製成形，製作玻璃預 製件。此時，使用對應於光學有效面之位置加工成非球面 形狀之模具，以使於表面形成有非球面形狀。 所製作之玻璃預製件之形狀、尺寸為如下。 外徑：20.0 mm 厚度（中心部）：3.0 mm 曲率半徑1(凹面）：-20.0 mm 曲率半徑2(凸面）：-30 .0 mm 圓錐常數k : -0.790 對以相同順序製作之10個玻璃預製件之每個測定 差後，為± 1 %以内。 所獲得之玻璃預製件之表面為鏡面，切痕或_等表面 之起伏不存在。又’於預製件之表面形成有由模具之研磨 痕跡所引起之線狀突起。其線寬為01 μη1且高度為005 μΓΠ。因接觸於玻璃預製件側面之模具表面為粗輪面，故 而所獲得之玻璃預製件之側”分亦成為祕I形成粗 糙面之線狀痕係轉印有壓製所致之模具面而成者，且 形狀。 马 153265.doc •15- 201130752 使用所獲得之玻璃預製件，利用與上述相同之方法進行 模壓成形’獲得非球面凹凸形狀之透鏡。此時，模壓成形 時之填充不足或龜裂沒有發生。又，所獲得之透鏡之側面 部分亦成為粗糖面。 已詳細地且參照特定之實施態樣對本發明進行了說明， 但業者應當明白只要不脫離本發明之精神及範圍則可添加 各種變更或修正。 本申請案係基於2010年1月6曰申請之曰本專利申請案 (特願201 〇_〇〇1123)、20 10年11月25日申請之日本專利申請 案（特願2010-261896)者，其内容以參照之形式併入本文 中。 產業上之可利用性 根據本發明，即便於玻璃表面形成複雜之形狀之情形時 亦因體積精度優異、表面精度高、且褶皺或切痕等不良情 形不存在，故而可獲得表面品質優異之玻璃預製件。又， 本發明之玻璃預製件之製造步驟中，因可省略模壓成形後 之磨削及研磨步驟，故而廢棄玻璃所致之成本或環境方面 之問題亦得以解決。進而’亦可藉由將本發明之玻璃預製 件壓製成形而獲得幾乎不會發生光學像之混亂之透鏡。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係表示本發明之玻璃預製件之實施形態之側視圖。 (a)表示雙凸形狀之玻璃預製件，（b)表示雙凹形狀之玻璃 預製件，（c)表示凹凸形狀之玻璃預製件，（d)表示平凸形 狀之玻璃預製件，（e)表示平凹形狀之玻璃預製件。 153265.doc •16· 201130752 【主要元件符號說明】 1 玻璃預製件 B 邊界部分 L 光學有效面 S 側面部 153265.doc -17-R 1 + (A: + \)c2h2 J uses the formula (1) to represent the optical effective surface of the glass preform. The bow-cone constant k satisfies the range of Kk < 0, especially _1 < k < _ 〇 7 Spherical shape. Glass transition point of glass block From the viewpoint of mold molding, 153265.doc 201130752 is preferably 700 ° C or less, 650 ° C or less, 64 〇 t or less, and particularly preferably 630 t or less. Preferably, the boundary portion B between the optical effective surface L and the side surface portion s of the glass preform is convex curved. The radius of curvature of the convex curved surface is preferably 1 〇 μηι or more, 1 〇〇 μηι or more, 500 μπι or more, and more preferably 丄 mm or more. If the curvature radius of the convex curved surface is too small, when the impact is applied from the outside, the stress applied to the boundary portion B becomes large and breaks. The boundary portion 8 can be formed into a convex curved shape by, for example, the shape of the mold at the time of press molding of the glass preform. Preferably, a compressive stress layer is formed on the surface of the glass preform. The compressive stress in the compression stressor layer is preferably 0.1 MPa or more, 1 MPa or more, 10 MPa or more, and more preferably 40 MPa or more. "If the compressive stress is too small, the pressure is easily broken during handling. The material of the glass block is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Si〇2_B2〇3 glass, B203-Zn0-La203 glass, and Te〇2_B2〇3_w〇3_La2〇3 glass. In addition, the term “m” refers to a glass containing the component as an essential component. However, in the glass preform of the present invention, a rough surface, that is, a dot-like or linear protrusion is formed on the surface. The polishing damage formed on the surface of the mold is equivalent to the transfer to the glass surface during press molding, and can be said to be a feature of the glass preform manufactured by press molding. Regarding the shape of the protrusion, if it is linear, it is 0. The line width of 001 to 10 μηη and the height of the protrusion are 0.001 to 5 μηι » If it is a dot, the diameter is 〇〇〇1 to 1〇Pm, and the height is 0.001 to 5 μηη. The protrusion existing on the optical effective surface is more Preferably, the line width and the diameter are preferably 2 μπι or less, and further 1 is 153265.doc .10 - 201130752, more preferably 〇. 5 μηι or less. The thick chain surface derived from the stamper is preferably Transferring to the glass preform other than the optical effective surface. Next, a method of manufacturing the glass preform of the present invention will be described. First, 'the glass raw material blended to have a desired composition is melted to become molten glass. Then, the molten glass is formed into an ingot to obtain a glass material. Further, the obtained glass material is cut and polished to produce a glass block having a specific shape (for example, substantially spherical shape). It is preferably used before molding. The glass block is preheated by an electric furnace, etc. The glass block is preferably heated to a temperature of 109 dPa.s or less, 1 〇 7.6 dPa.s or less, 1 〇 6.5 dpa.s or less, especially 1 〇 5.4 dpas#. If the viscosity of the glass is too high, the time required for the press forming tends to be long. On the other hand, if the viscosity of the glass is too low, the glass preform becomes high temperature and the mold also becomes high temperature. Next, the heated glass block is filled in a mold having at least a concave portion or a convex portion heated to the vicinity of the softening point of the glass, and a pressing force is applied until a desired shape is formed, and press molding is performed. Here, in order to prevent deterioration caused by oxidation of the mold, the environment at the time of press molding is preferably true or non-oxidizing. Examples of the non-oxidizing gas include a rolling body such as hydrogen. Or an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. Among them, t is easy to use because it is relatively easy to operate, and it is inexpensive. After the press molding, it is slowly cooled to a phoenix to obtain a glass preform having a specific shape. In addition to the above-described production method, the glass block may be cooled and formed into a substantially spherical shape such as a sphere or an ellipsoidal shape by using a molten glass y to an inverted conical molding die. -Secondary cooling 153265.doc 201130752 After heating to room temperature, the viscosity of the glass is increased to a temperature of 1〇9 dPa.sa and supplied to the mold. It can also be used as a glass during the cooling process of the glass formed by dropping. The time point at which the viscosity is 丨〇9 dpa_s or less is transferred to the mold and supplied to the press molding method. The glass preform of the present invention is used for press forming, whereby a lens can be obtained. Here, the press molding method is not particularly limited, and the same method as the above-described press molding used in the method for producing a glass preform can be mentioned. As the material of the stamper, a superhard metal such as SUS (StainlesS Steel) or a carbide, a Co-based or a carbon-based alloy can be used. When the release film is necessary, a carbon-based or nitride-based release film such as a noble metal such as Pt or a DLC (Diamond-like carbon) can be used. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. (Example 1) A glass raw material was blended to have a composition of a SiO 2 -B 2 〇 3 system, and melted at 1300 ° C for 2 hours using a shovel. After melting, the glass melt was formed into an ingot shape and annealed. After measuring the glass transition point of the obtained ingot, it was 500 〇C. The ingot was cut and ground to a desired size to produce a spherical glass block having a mirror surface. The glass block is heated in an electric furnace until the viscosity is in the vicinity of the temperature of 1〇5·3 dPa*s, and is filled in a mold which is formed into a concave-convex shape until the viscosity of the glass is near the temperature of 101 ()·3 dPa's. The pressure was applied under a nitrogen atmosphere until the desired shape was formed. 153265.doc -12-201130752 was obtained as shown in the figure. After the press molding, the glass preform of the uneven shape shown in 1 (C) is gradually cooled to room temperature. The shape and dimensions of the glass preform produced were as follows. Outer diameter: 20.0 mm Thickness (center): 3.0 mm Curvature radius 1 (concave): -20,0 mm Curvature radius 2 (convex) ···3〇.〇mm Curvature radius 3 (boundary part B) : 700 μιη After measuring the volume deviation of 10 glass preforms produced in the same order, it was within ±0.1%. Further, the compressive stress in the compressive stress layer on the surface of the glass preform was 48 MPa. The measurement of compressive stress is determined by photoelastic method. The surface of the obtained glass preform is mirror-finished, and the surface undulations such as cuts or wrinkles are not present. Further, a linear protrusion caused by the polishing marks of the mold is formed on the surface of the glass preform. Its line width is 〇5 (four) and its height is 〇” μηι. Since the surface of the mold contacting the side surface is a mirror surface, the side portion of the obtained glass preform is also mirror-finished. Using the obtained glass preform, a lens having a concave-convex shape was obtained by press molding in the same manner as described above. At this time, the filling or cracking during the molding is not carried out. χ, the side portion of the obtained t lens is also mirrored. (Example 2) The glass raw material was prepared to be a composition of the si〇2_B2〇3 system and melted, and the glass melt was dropped from the nozzle to the mold of the cone shape, and cooled and formed into a 153265.doc -13·201130752 expanded ball shape. The obtained expanded spherical glass block is heated in an electric furnace until the viscosity is near the temperature of 104·8 dPa·s, and is filled until the viscosity of the glass is increased to a temperature of 108·6 dPa·s. In a mold having a biconvex shape, pressure is applied in a nitrogen atmosphere until a shape is formed to form a mold. After the press molding, the glass preforms having a biconvex shape as shown in Fig. 1 (a) were obtained by slowly cooling to room temperature. Defects such as insufficient filling or cracking during molding, and fusion of glass and mold did not occur. The shape and size of the prepared glass preform are as Ding. Outer diameter: 25.0 mm Thickness (center): 5.0 mm Curvature radius 1 : 50.0 mm Curvature radius 2 : -50.0 mm Curvature radius 3 (boundary part Β): 1400 μηι Measure volume for 10 glass preforms made in the same order After the deviation, it is within ± 1%. Furthermore, the compressive stress in the compressive stress layer on the surface of the glass preform is 12 MPa. The surface of the glass preform obtained is mirror-finished, and the undulations of the cut or wrinkles are not present. The surface of the H-glass preform is formed by the mold. A linear protrusion caused by grinding marks. Its line width is 〇 i and its height is 〇.〇5 μΓΠ. Since the surface of the mold contacting the side surface is a rough surface, the side portion of the glass preform is also formed. Forming a rough sugar surface line, transferring the mold surface caused by pressing, and forming the glass preform obtained by using the convex shape, using the same method as above - 153265.doc -14- 201130752 Molding 'Get a lens with a double convex shape. At this time, insufficient filling or cracking during press molding did not occur. Further, the side portion of the obtained lens also becomes a thick tread. (Example 3) The glass block obtained in Example 1 was heated in an electric furnace until the viscosity of the glass became near the temperature of 10" dPa.s, except for the same conditions as in Example 1. The glass preform is produced by press molding. At this time, a mold which is processed into an aspherical shape corresponding to the position of the optical effective surface is used to form an aspherical shape on the surface. The shape and size of the produced glass preform are as follows Outer diameter: 20.0 mm Thickness (center): 3.0 mm Curvature radius 1 (concave): -20.0 mm Curvature radius 2 (convex): -3.00 mm Cone constant k: -0.790 For 10 in the same order After each measurement of the glass preform is within ± 1%. The surface of the obtained glass preform is mirror-finished, and the surface of the preform is not present, and the surface of the preform is formed by the mold. The linear protrusion caused by the polishing marks has a line width of 01 μη1 and a height of 005 μΓΠ. Since the surface of the mold contacting the side of the glass preform is a coarse tread, the side of the obtained glass preform becomes A mold transfer system I forming linear scratches of the surface with a roughened surface formed by the press caused, and shape. 153265.doc •15- 201130752 Using the obtained glass preform, press-forming is performed by the same method as described above to obtain a lens having an aspherical uneven shape. At this time, insufficient filling or cracking at the time of press molding did not occur. Further, the side portion of the obtained lens also becomes a raw sugar surface. The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, and it is understood that various changes or modifications may be added without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. This application is based on a patent application filed on January 6, 2010 (Japanese Patent Application No. 201 〇 _ 〇〇 1123) and Japanese Patent Application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-261896) filed on November 25, 2010 The contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, even when a complicated shape is formed on the surface of the glass, the glass having excellent surface quality can be obtained because of excellent volume accuracy, high surface accuracy, and defects such as wrinkles or cuts. Prefabricated parts. Further, in the manufacturing step of the glass preform of the present invention, since the grinding and polishing steps after the press molding can be omitted, the cost or environmental problems caused by the waste of the glass can be solved. Further, it is also possible to obtain a lens in which the optical image is hardly disturbed by press molding the glass preform of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a glass preform of the present invention. (a) a glass preform having a biconvex shape, (b) a glass preform having a biconcave shape, (c) a glass preform showing a concavo-convex shape, and (d) a glass preform having a plano-convex shape, (e) A glass preform that represents a flat concave shape. 153265.doc •16· 201130752 [Description of main component symbols] 1 Glass preform B Boundary part L Optical effective surface S Side section 153265.doc -17-