201118434 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種偏光片結構，特別是指一種具有可調視 角之偏光片及應用其之液晶顯示器。 【先前技術】 目剷顯示器產σσ規格越趨嚴苛，所要求的視角越來越高，但 是視角的提高有賴偏光片的補償，然而偏光片光學補償範圍有限 且為固定，當顯示面板設定的相位延遲量(retardati〇n)差異太大 時，造成偏光片無法補償，視角偏低。 一般偏光片補償視角的原理，係在顯示器為暗態時，透過負 型雙折射(Negative birefringence)的廣視角補償膜(咖_ film) 以補償因視錄生之正型雙折射(PGSltive bircfringenee)的液晶 層’藉以降低漏光量。 請參考圖1A、圖1B及圖lc，係分別表示習知不同晶卿 ㈣㈣時光學補側係之示意圖。請參考圖1A，當顯示面紛 晶胞間隙㈣gap)G在上、下偏光片補償層丨卜12的補償範則 的狀態，亦即在-般正f的晶胞聰:τ，液晶層c上半部及下j 部的液晶係分触上、下偏光片補償層u u進行光學補償，」 偏光片η的盤狀液晶層⑴、112、113與液晶層c上二 液晶子層a、C2、C3所形成之光學補償對應組a、^、。， 偏光片12的盤狀液晶層121、122、123與液 以1 液晶子層C4、C5、C6所形成之光學補償對應組d、e、二之盤相 201118434201118434 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a polarizer structure, and more particularly to a polarizer having an adjustable viewing angle and a liquid crystal display using the same. [Prior Art] The sigma sigma display is becoming more stringent and the required viewing angle is getting higher and higher, but the improvement of the viewing angle depends on the compensation of the polarizer. However, the optical compensation range of the polarizer is limited and fixed, when the display panel is set. When the difference in phase retardation (retardati〇n) is too large, the polarizer cannot be compensated and the viewing angle is low. Generally, the principle of compensating the viewing angle of the polarizer is to compensate the positive birefringence (PGSltive bircfringenee) of the negative birefringence through the wide-angle compensation film (coffee_film) of the negative birefringence when the display is in the dark state. The liquid crystal layer 'to reduce the amount of light leakage. Please refer to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B and FIG. 1c, which are schematic diagrams showing the optical complementary side system when the different crystals (4) and (4) are different. Please refer to FIG. 1A, when the surface of the cell gap (4) gap) G is in the state of compensation of the upper and lower polarizer compensation layer 12, that is, in the case of the normal positive f: C, τ, liquid crystal layer c The upper and lower j portions of the liquid crystal system are optically compensated by the upper and lower polarizer compensation layers uu," the discotic liquid crystal layers (1), 112, 113 of the polarizer n and the liquid crystal sublayers a and C2 on the liquid crystal layer c. The optical compensation formed by C3 corresponds to groups a, ^, and . The disc-shaped liquid crystal layers 121, 122, 123 of the polarizer 12 and the optical compensation corresponding groups d, e, and two formed by the liquid crystal sub-layers C4, C5, and C6 are in the same phase.
. π再參相1B，當齡面板的晶胞雜G變大(姆於圖1A 的例子其_液晶層C賴狀液晶子·數增加，針對液晶層 半P及下半。(5液晶的光學補償，由於上、下偏光片補償層a、 12的光學·酬雜定，相圖1A的例何知，係均 已超過上、下偏光片補償層u、12的光學補償範圍，因此會有部 份液晶子層(如C7、C8、C9)無法得到光學補償。 免：a也μ參考圖1C，當顯示面板的晶胞間隙G變小(相 鲁$於圖1A的例子液晶層c的下半部僅有盤狀液晶子層C4、C5 使付上、下偏光片補償層u、12的盤狀液晶層較多，使得下偏光 片12僅有盤狀液晶層12卜122與液晶層c下半部之盤狀液晶子 層C4、C5形成之光學補償對應組e、f，導致下偏光片12的盤狀 液晶層123無法得到光學補償而造成視角偏低。 而由於顯禾面板產出後，其内部的參數已是固定而無法變 動，因此若是能在顯示面板產出後藉由偏光片適度地改變液晶層 鲁的平均傾斜角，則有益於改善偏光片的對顯示面板之光學補償與 ^升視角。 基於上述問題，發明人提出了一種可調視角之偏光片及具其 結構之液晶顯示器，以克服現有技術的缺陷。 【發明内容】 本發明目的在於提供-種直接控制偏制中盤狀液晶的平均 傾斜角，藉以對已產出的顯不面板進行光學補償的最佳化。 本發明的另-目的’係在於直接控制偏光片中盤狀液晶的平 201118434 均傾斜角，藉以對已產出的顯示面板進行最差的光學補償，以達 • 到防窺效果。 為了實現上述目的，本發明提供了一種偏光片，包括：一保 護層、-偏光基體層、-第—透明電極層、—餘液晶層以及一 第-透明_層。盤狀液晶層係由若干相對於各層之平面而傾斜 排列之盤狀液晶。盤狀液晶層配置於第一透明電極層與第二透明 電極層之間，該雜狀液晶鋪由第—翻電極層及第二透明電 #極層所產生的電場以改變其一平均傾斜角。偏光基體層配置於第 一透明電極層上，而保護層配置於偏光基體層上。 本發明更提供了-種液晶顯示器，包括：—液晶胞，包括二 彼此對立而配置的基板，其中—基板的—側具有—電極，及在該 二基板之間的-液晶層；以及至少—片上述偏光片，配置在該液 曰日胞之至少一外側。 _ 【實施方式】 雖然本發明制了幾個較佳實施例進行轉，但是下列圖式 及具體實施方式僅僅是本發_難實施例；應綱的是，下面 所揭示的具體實施方式僅僅是本發明的例子，並不表示本發明限 於下列圖式及具體實施方式。 在下文中，將具體地贿本翻之方法的實施例。 請參考圖2，係表示本發明偏光片的結構圖。本發明的偏光片 具有可調視角的魏，並包括—簡層2卜—偏絲體層^、 2 201118434 一弟一透明電極層23、-盤狀液晶層24以及—第二透明電極層 此外，在本實施中，偏光片2可以更包括有一黏著材％及一 離型膜27，其作著材％黏合於離型膜π與第二透明電極層乃 之間。 θ 保護層21配置於偏光基體層22上，並包括一保護膜叫及 一支撐體子層212，其中支碰子層212配置於保護膜211與偏光 基體層22之間。支撐體子層212的材質係為三醋酸纖維素 (Triacety! cellulose ’ TAC)，偏光基體層22係由一偏光材質所構成，、 並配置於第-透明電極層23上，而偏光材質可包括聚乙稀酸㈣ ~ alcoho卜PVA) ’且第一透明電極層幻與第二透 係為氧化銦錫(ITO)材質；上述之材質係僅提出舉例，但不以^為 限。 … 本發明的偏光片2中的盤狀液晶層24，係由多個相對於各層 之平面而傾斜排列之盤狀液晶（如_ 1A的⑴〜ιΐ3及⑵〜⑵）: 盤狀液晶層24配置於第一透明電極層23與第二透明電極㈣之 間，而盤狀液晶係藉由第-透明電極層23及第二透明電砂乃 所產生的電場以改變其平均傾斜角。 θ 請參考圖3，係表示本發明二透明電極層連接方式的示 由於偏光片2中的盤狀液晶，係藉由第—透明電極層Μ科 明電極層25所產生的電場以改變其平均傾斜角， 字型的軟性電路板5分別連接第—透1^由一 Υ a _ $㉟層23 '第二透明電極 及驅動源(圖未示），藉由驅動源提供給第-透明電極層23 201118434 及第-透明電㈣25不同的頓值以產生不同電場，控制盤狀液 晶層24的平均傾斜角，進而調整與顯示面板中之液晶層(如圖1A 所示之C)的光學補償至最佳化。 相反也，亦可利用藉由驅動源提供給第一透明電極層 二透明電極層25不同的賴似產生不同電場，控継狀液晶層 24的平均傾斜角’進而調整與顯示面板中之液晶層(如圖ia所示 之元件編號C)的光料償至最差，以產生防窺作用；續使用光 學補償至最佳歧最差的值，射根據不同尺寸或不同面板 液晶層厚度而麵差異’可由使用者或是設計者進行難。 請參考圖4’係表示本發明之偏光片應用在液晶顯示器的結構 圖。所述之液晶顯不器3包括-液晶胞(Cdl)4以及至少一偏光片 (本貫施例係以兩片偏光片進行說明）。 液晶胞4包括二彼此對立而配置的基板4卜42，其中一基板 4i的-側具有-電極43 ’及在二基板41，之間的一液晶層44， 此為-般習知液晶顯示H的結構，故其詳細結構不再在此贊述。 上述液晶顯示騎使_絲片係林發_偏以2,係配 置在液晶胞4之至少_外側(即上側或下側，或者是上、下側均配 置，本實施例細上、下側均配置進行制），本實施例的結構係 在液晶胞4上、下側配置有二偏光片2，再藉由二γ字型的軟性 電路板5卜对別對二偏光片2.進行電連接，而二γ字型軟性電 路板51 52 3端再連接驅祕(圖未示），藉由鶴源提供給二 偏光片2中的第-透明電極層23及第二透明電極層25不同^ 201118434 壓值以產生不同電場，控制盤狀液晶層24的平均傾斜角，進而調 正/、,·’員示面板中之液晶層(如圖1A所示之c)的光學補償至最差或 是最佳化。 «月再參考圖5 ’係表示調整偏光片傾斜角與視角之關係圖。由 圖中數據可看出’在調整過CF(彩色遽光片)側及tft(薄膜電晶體) 側(即圖4中的二偏光片2之結構)的傾斜角之後，的確使得視角 (上、下、左、右視角)都變得較佳。 鲁 因此藉由上述的結構，提供第一透明電極層23及第二透明 電極層25不同的電壓值以產生不同電場，對偏光片2中的盤狀液 晶層24進行平均傾斜角的控制，以相對於已產出的顯示面板之液 曰曰顯不g 3巾液晶胞4驗晶層44進行光學補償的調整，調至最 仏化時’可以產生最佳或是最廣的視角；調至最差時，即可產生 防窺的效果。 雖然本發明以相關的較佳實施例進行解釋，但是這並不構成 #對本發明的限制。應說明岐，本領域的技術人員根據本發明的 思想能夠構造tU好其他触實補，這些均在本發明的保 圍之中。 & 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1A係表示習知晶胞間隙正常時光學補償關係之示意圖。 圖係表示習知晶胞間隙較大時光學補償關係之示意圖。 圖1C係表示習知晶胞間隙較小時光學補償關係之示意圖。 201118434 圖2 係表示本發明可調視角偏光片的結構圖。 圖3 係表示本發明二透明電極層連接方式的示意圖。 圖4係表示本發明之可調視角偏光片應用在液晶顯示器的結構 圖。 圖5係表示調整偏光片傾斜角與視角之關係圖。π re-phase 1B, the unit cell impurity G of the age-old panel becomes larger (in the example of Fig. 1A, the number of liquid crystal layers C is increased, and the liquid crystal layer is half P and lower half. (5 liquid crystal Optical compensation, due to the optical compensation of the upper and lower polarizer compensation layers a, 12, the example of the phase diagram 1A has exceeded the optical compensation range of the upper and lower polarizer compensation layers u, 12, so Some liquid crystal sub-layers (such as C7, C8, C9) cannot be optically compensated. Free: a also μ refers to Figure 1C, when the cell gap G of the display panel becomes smaller (phase Lu is in the example liquid crystal layer c of Figure 1A) In the lower half, only the disc-shaped liquid crystal sub-layers C4 and C5 have a plurality of disc-shaped liquid crystal layers for the upper and lower polarizer compensation layers u and 12, so that the lower polarizer 12 has only the disc-shaped liquid crystal layer 12 and the liquid crystal. The optical compensation corresponding groups e and f formed by the disc-shaped liquid crystal sub-layers C4 and C5 in the lower half of the layer c cause the disc-shaped liquid crystal layer 123 of the lower polarizer 12 to be optically compensated, resulting in a low viewing angle. After the output, the internal parameters are fixed and cannot be changed, so if the display panel is produced, the liquid is moderately changed by the polarizer. The average tilt angle of the crystal layer is beneficial to improve the optical compensation and the viewing angle of the polarizer to the display panel. Based on the above problems, the inventors have proposed a polarizing plate with adjustable viewing angle and a liquid crystal display having the same, SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a direct control of the average tilt angle of a discotic liquid crystal in a biased manner, thereby optimizing the optical compensation of the produced display panel. The purpose is to directly control the flat tilt angle of the flat liquid crystal in the polarizer, so as to perform the worst optical compensation on the produced display panel to achieve the anti-peep effect. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides A polarizer comprises: a protective layer, a polarizing substrate layer, a -first transparent electrode layer, a residual liquid crystal layer and a first transparent layer. The discotic liquid crystal layer is arranged obliquely with respect to a plane of each layer a disk-shaped liquid crystal layer disposed between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer, wherein the mixed liquid crystal layer is covered by the first flip electrode layer The electric field generated by the transparent layer changes its average tilt angle. The polarizing substrate layer is disposed on the first transparent electrode layer, and the protective layer is disposed on the polarizing substrate layer. The present invention further provides a liquid crystal display, including a liquid crystal cell comprising: a substrate disposed opposite to each other, wherein the substrate has a side electrode, and a liquid crystal layer between the two substrates; and at least a sheet of the polarizer disposed on the liquid helium day At least one outer side of the cell. _ [Embodiment] Although the present invention has been made in several preferred embodiments, the following drawings and specific embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, which are disclosed below. The specific embodiments are merely examples of the invention, and the invention is not limited to the following figures and specific embodiments. In the following, embodiments of the method of turning over will be specifically described. Referring to Fig. 2, there is shown a structural view of a polarizer of the present invention. The polarizer of the present invention has a variable viewing angle, and includes a simple layer 2 - a partial body layer, 2 201118434, a transparent electrode layer 23, a disk-shaped liquid crystal layer 24, and a second transparent electrode layer. In the present embodiment, the polarizer 2 may further include an adhesive material % and a release film 27 which are adhered to the release film π and the second transparent electrode layer. The θ protection layer 21 is disposed on the polarizing substrate layer 22 and includes a protective film called a support sub-layer 212. The support sub-layer 212 is disposed between the protective film 211 and the polarizing substrate layer 22. The material of the support body layer 212 is triacety! cellulose (TAC), and the polarizing substrate layer 22 is composed of a polarizing material and disposed on the first transparent electrode layer 23, and the polarizing material may include Polyethylene acid (4) ~ alcoho (PVA) 'and the first transparent electrode layer and the second through system are indium tin oxide (ITO) material; the above materials are only for example, but not limited to ^. The discotic liquid crystal layer 24 in the polarizer 2 of the present invention is composed of a plurality of discotic liquid crystals which are obliquely arranged with respect to the plane of each layer (for example, (1) to ι 3 and (2) to (2) of _ 1A): the discotic liquid crystal layer 24 The disc is formed between the first transparent electrode layer 23 and the second transparent electrode (four), and the disc-shaped liquid crystal changes the average tilt angle by the electric field generated by the first transparent electrode layer 23 and the second transparent electric sand. θ Referring to FIG. 3, it is shown that the connection mode of the two transparent electrode layers of the present invention is changed by the electric field generated by the first transparent electrode layer Μ科明 electrode layer 25 due to the disc-shaped liquid crystal in the polarizing plate 2. The tilting angle, the font type flexible circuit board 5 is respectively connected to the first transparent electrode and the driving source (not shown) by a layer Υ a _ $35 layer 23', and is supplied to the first transparent electrode by the driving source. Layer 23 201118434 and the first - transparent electric (four) 25 different values to generate different electric fields, control the average tilt angle of the discotic liquid crystal layer 24, and then adjust the optical compensation with the liquid crystal layer in the display panel (C shown in Figure 1A) To optimize. On the contrary, it is also possible to adjust the liquid crystal layer in the display panel by using the driving source to provide the first transparent electrode layer and the transparent electrode layer 25 to generate different electric fields, and to control the average tilt angle of the liquid crystal layer 24. (The component number C shown in Figure ia) is compensated to the worst to produce the anti-spying effect; continue to use optical compensation to the worst value of the best difference, and the surface is different according to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of different sizes or different panels. The difference 'can be difficult for the user or the designer. Referring to Fig. 4', there is shown a structural view of a polarizing plate of the present invention applied to a liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display 3 includes a liquid crystal cell (Cdl) 4 and at least one polarizer (the present embodiment is described by two polarizers). The liquid crystal cell 4 includes two substrates 4 disposed opposite to each other, wherein a side of the substrate 4i has a -electrode 43' and a liquid crystal layer 44 between the two substrates 41. This is a conventional liquid crystal display H. The structure, so its detailed structure is no longer mentioned here. The above-mentioned liquid crystal display rides the _ wire system to be at least 2, which is disposed on the outer side or the lower side of the liquid crystal cell 4, or is disposed on both the upper and lower sides, and the upper and lower sides of the present embodiment are thinner and lower. In the structure of the present embodiment, the polarizer 2 is disposed on the lower side of the liquid crystal cell 4, and the polarizer 2 is electrically connected to the second polarizer 2. Connected, and the two gamma-type flexible circuit boards 51 52 3 end are connected to the secret (not shown), and the first transparent electrode layer 23 and the second transparent electrode layer 25 are provided by the Heyuan source to the two polarizers 2. ^ 201118434 The pressure value is used to generate different electric fields, and the average tilt angle of the discotic liquid crystal layer 24 is controlled, thereby adjusting the optical compensation of the liquid crystal layer (c shown in FIG. 1A) in the panel of the panel to the worst. Or optimize. «Monthly referring to FIG. 5' is a diagram showing the relationship between the tilt angle of the polarizer and the viewing angle. As can be seen from the data in the figure, 'after adjusting the tilt angle of the CF (color light-emitting sheet) side and the tft (thin film transistor) side (that is, the structure of the two polarizer 2 in FIG. 4), the viewing angle is indeed , down, left, and right views) have all become better. Therefore, by the above structure, the voltage values of the first transparent electrode layer 23 and the second transparent electrode layer 25 are different to generate different electric fields, and the average tilt angle of the discotic liquid crystal layer 24 in the polarizer 2 is controlled to Compared with the liquid crystal display panel of the produced display panel, the optical compensation of the liquid crystal cell layer 44 is adjusted, and the optimum or the widest viewing angle can be obtained when adjusted to the finalization; At the worst, it can produce a peep-proof effect. Although the present invention has been explained in connection with the preferred embodiments, this does not constitute a limitation of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can construct tU and other touch compensation in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, all of which are within the scope of the present invention. & [Simplified Schematic Description] Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram showing the optical compensation relationship when a conventional cell gap is normal. The figure shows a schematic diagram of the optical compensation relationship when the conventional cell gap is large. Fig. 1C is a schematic view showing the optical compensation relationship when the conventional cell gap is small. 201118434 Fig. 2 is a structural view showing the adjustable viewing angle polarizer of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the manner of connection of the two transparent electrode layers of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of an adjustable viewing angle polarizer of the present invention applied to a liquid crystal display. Fig. 5 is a view showing the relationship between the tilt angle of the polarizer and the viewing angle.
【主要元件符號說明】 11 上偏光片補償層 111 盤狀液晶層 112 盤狀液晶層 113 盤狀液晶層 12 下偏光片補償層 121 盤狀液晶層 122 盤狀液晶層 123 盤狀液晶潛 2 偏光片 21 保護層 211 保護膜 212 支撐體子層 22 偏光基體層 23 第一透明電極層 24 盤狀液晶層 201118434[Main component symbol description] 11 Upper polarizer compensation layer 111 Discotic liquid crystal layer 112 Discotic liquid crystal layer 113 Discotic liquid crystal layer 12 Lower polarizer compensation layer 121 Discotic liquid crystal layer 122 Discotic liquid crystal layer 123 Discotic liquid crystal latent 2 Polarized light Sheet 21 Protective layer 211 Protective film 212 Support body layer 22 Polarized base layer 23 First transparent electrode layer 24 Disk-shaped liquid crystal layer 201118434
25 第二透明電極層 26 黏著材 27 離型膜 3 液晶顯不益 4 液晶胞 41 基板 42 基板 43 電極 44 液晶層 5 軟性電路板 51 軟性電路板 52 軟性電路板 a〜f 光學補償對應組 C 液晶層 Cl 〜C9 盤狀液晶子層 G 晶胞間隙25 second transparent electrode layer 26 adhesive material 27 release film 3 liquid crystal display 4 liquid crystal cell 41 substrate 42 substrate 43 electrode 44 liquid crystal layer 5 flexible circuit board 51 flexible circuit board 52 flexible circuit board a~f optical compensation corresponding group C Liquid crystal layer Cl ~ C9 discotic liquid crystal sublayer G cell gap