201116350 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及精密鎮造工藝，特別涉及一種陶殼快速賊方法和裝置， 以及陶殼。 【先前技術】 精密鑄造是姉于傳、賴造I藝㈣的—種鑄造方法，說夠獲得相 對準確的形狀和較高⑽造紐。精密鑄造的工藝過程為：首先，製作堪 模’該躐模與所需鑄造的產品大小形狀相—致然後，在所製作的蝶模表 面形成陶殼’隨後’對所述陶殼進行職處理（將其内部㈣模溶化後去 除）最後’向脫蠟處理後的陶殼内涛注金屬材料，待金屬材料冷卻凝固後， 破碎去除所述陶殼，得到的鑄件即為所需的產品。 在上述工藝過程中，陶殼的製作至關重要，它的品質好壞決定了鑄件 的優劣。目前，陶殼製作通常採用的方法為：殼模法，具體地常採用水溶 谷膠制双法，5亥方法在製作陶殼時，是使用耐火材料配製不同的聚料 與H層砂逐漸-層層的堆集在觀的表面，製成所需要厚度的 句设因此，陶殼在結構上可以分為面層、過渡層（二層）、支撐層（背層） 及封閉層，其中，面層、過渡層和封閉層均只有一層，而支撐層通常具有 多層。 夕/谷膠疋依賴脫水濃縮凝膠而產生強度的，因此，在水溶性石夕溶膠制 殼過程中，—個重要的工藝步驟即是對陶殼各層進行乾燥。 傳統的乾燥方法是：將陶殼放置在恒溫恒濕室中，讓其自然晾乾。該 方去侍到的陶殼品質較好，但是花費時間過長。對於普通6〜8層的陶殼來 4 201116350 $每曰大勺需要8〜24小時的時間進行乾燥，整個陶殼大約需要一周的 時間才能完成製作，耗費時間長，降低了生產效率。 為了實現陶删快速乾燥，人們研究並使用了兩種新的乾燥方法： 第種方法疋·利用強力鼓風機進行除濕，使陶殼在2〜Η米〆秒的風 速下决速錢’同時蝴峨表面溫度保持在室溫下。财法提高了陶殼 的乾燥效率6層_殼M、時内即可完成麟，但是，當鑄件結構 複雜有孔晴，瓶時會錢躺射風面的㈣，⑽速度遠小於一般 表面’因此’會稍過度乾軸乾燥不足同時存在，使贿絲不均，影 響了陶殼的品質。 第二種方法是：將陶殼包裹於多孔性強力吸濕材料中，利用毛細現象， 將陶殼中的水分珊。該方法也能提高陶㈣乾财度但是此法作 業時’必需_殼表面吸_吸蹄料完全去除後才可進行下—步浸聚， 並且當鎿件結構·有孔瞒，縣柄不^埋人，無法作業。 由上可知’現有技術中的陶殼乾燥方法在陶殼結構複雜時，不能既保 證陶殼的品質，又實現陶殼的快速乾燥。 【發明内容】 本發明提供-種陶殼快速乾燥方法和裝置，它能夠在陶殼結構複雜 時，既保證陶殼的品質，又實現陶殼的快速乾燥。 為達到上述目的，本發明採用如下技術方案： 一種陶殼快速乾燥方法，包括步驟： a、將待乾燥的陶殼放入密封腔體中； b'在控制所述陶殼處於恒溫狀態的前提下，將所述密封腔體抽成真空 201116350 狀態’並在預定時間内對所述密封腔體中的部分氣體進行降溫，使所述密 封腔體中的濕氣冷凝； C對所述密封腔體進行真空放氣，使所述密封腔體變回常壓狀难； d、判斷所述陶殼是否乾燥，如果是，則結束；如果否，則轉至步驟b。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，當對所述陶殼的面層進行乾燥時’所述 步驟b中㈣雜喊线為65G〜55G _水銀柱。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，當對所述陶殼的過渡層進行乾燥時，所 述步驟b中密封腔體的真空度為530〜·毫米水銀柱。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，當對所述陶殼的支稽層進行乾料，所 述步驟b中密封腔體的真线為〜330毫米水銀柱。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，當對所述陶殼的封閉層進行乾燥所 述步驟b中密封腔體的真空麟〜现絲水銀柱。 、 一種陶殼快速乾燥裝置，包括： 一密封麵，胁放置躲__，所述密封雜包括腔體本體， 所述腔體本體上設置有封閉門和進氣口； 加熱裝置’胳㈣崎峽處贿溫狀態； —抽真线置，與魏贿麗相連接，用於對所述㈣雜抽真空； -降溫冷凝裝置，用於騎述密封題中的部分氣體進行降溫，使所 述密封腔體中的濕氣冷凝。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述降溫冷凝裝置包括舰機、冷凝哭、 蒸發器、低壓調_㈣綱，所述醜機、冷凝器、健調節閥和膨脹 =於所述密封腔體的外部，所述蒸發器位於所述密封腔體的内部，其 6 201116350 中， 所述壓縮機的出口與所述冷凝器的入口相連； 所述冷凝器的出口經所述膨脹閥與所述蒸發器的入口相連； 所述蒸發器的出口經所述低壓調節閥與所述壓縮機的入口相連。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述壓縮機與低壓調節閥之間連接有汽 液分離器。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述壓縮機與冷凝器之間連接有油分離 器，所述油分離器的油出口連接至所述壓縮機。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述冷凝器與膨脹閥之間連接有乾燥篩 檢程式。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述冷凝器與乾燥篩檢程式之間連接有 水冷卻器。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述密封腔體内還設置有壓縮機高壓熱 回收管，其中， 所述乾燥篩檢程式的出口還與所述壓縮機高壓熱回收管的一端相連； 所述壓縮機高壓熱回收管的另一端與所述膨脹閥的入口相連。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述加熱裝置位於所述密封腔體内，所 述加熱裝置為電熱管》 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述密封腔體内還設置有豎隔板和風 扇，所述豎隔板和風扇使所述密封腔體内形成一空氣迴圈回路，其中， 所述豎隔板的一側用於放置所述陶殼，所述風扇位於所述豎隔板該側 的上方； r 201116350 所述豎隔板的另一側放置所述蒸發器。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述腔體本體的底部連接有真空儲水 桶，所述真空儲水桶的底部設置有排水口。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述封閉門的周邊設置有密封圈凹槽， 所述密封圈凹槽内設置有密封圈，所述密封圈為充氣式密封圈。 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述抽真空裝置與腔體本體之間依次連 接有第一道過濾網和第二道過濾網》 作為對上述技術方案的優化，所述腔體本體的進氣口上設置有外氣均 壓電磁閥和/或外氣均壓手動球閥。 本發明中，是在真空條件下對密封腔體進行冷凝除濕，從而使陶殼逐 漸乾燥的。由於陶殼的濕度較大，與外部存在一定的濕度壓差，所以陶殼 中的水分本身就會不斷的擴散出來。而真空狀態能夠加速水份的擴散速 度，從而大大提高陶殼的乾燥速度，並且真空狀態下濕度壓差一致，陶殼 中的水分擴散一致，不會存在乾燥差異。同時，本發明還對密封腔體中的 部分氣體進行了降溫，使密封腔體中的濕氣冷凝，降低了密封腔體中的濕 度，從而使陶殼中的水分持續向外擴散，使陶殼逐漸乾燥。本發明中，恒 溫狀態能夠使陶殼體積不發生變化；將密封腔體變回常壓狀態，能夠防止 陶殼某一部分過度乾燥。即使在陶殼結構複雜時，本發明也既能保證陶殼 的品質，又實現陶殼的快速乾燥。 另一方面，本發明提供一種根據上述陶殼快速乾燥方法制得的陶殼， 所述陶殼的支撐層呈海綿狀疏鬆結構。 本發明提供_殼’其切層呈海綿狀疏鬆結構，可大大提高陶殼的 8 201116350 透氣性，並明顯降低陶殼的燒後破斷係數至800多psi (碎/平方英寸），使 製作陶殼的漿料不須加任何崩散劑便可達到最佳的陶殼條件。 【實施方式】 為解決現有技術中的陶殼乾燥方法在陶殼結構複雜時，不能既保證陶 殼的品質，又實現陶殼快速乾燥的問題，本發明提供一種陶殼快速乾燥方 法和裝置，以及陶殼。下面結合附圖對本發明作詳細說明。 本發明提供一種陶殼快速乾燥方法，如圖1所示，它包括： 步驟S1 :將待乾燥的陶殼放入密封腔體^ ;該密封腔體優選採用金屬 材料製成； 步驟S2 .在控制所述陶殼處於恒溫狀態的前提下，將所述密封腔體抽 成真空狀態，並在預定時間内對所述密封腔體中的部分*氣體進行降溫，使 所述在、封腔體中的濕氣冷凝；本步驟中，控制陶殼處於恒溫狀態，能夠保 广 證陶殼的品質。如果不控制恒溫，則當陶殼中的水份揮發時，必會吸收熱 量，使蠟模降溫，進而使蠟模由於熱脹冷縮而產生收縮，形成陶殼的漿料 也會隨之縮小體積，而當陶殼完全乾燥後，沒有水份揮發，壤模會吸收外 界熱量，升溫至室溫，體積膨脹回原始體積，但此時陶殼已經乾硬，勢必 會被壤模脹裂或因拉扯使陶殼上的字體溝槽剪斷，從而影響陶殼的品質； 本步驟中’抽真空和對密封腔體中的部分氣體進行降溫冷凝可以同時 進行；由於陶殼的濕度較大，與外部存在一定的濕度壓差，所以陶殼中的 水分本身就會不斷的擴散出來；而真空狀態能夠加速水份的擴散速度，從 而大大提高陶殼的乾燥速度，並且真空狀態下濕度壓差一致，陶殼中的水 分擴散一致，不會存在乾燥差異；同時，本發明還對密封腔體中的部分氣。 201116350 卜 使役封腔體中的濕氣冷凝，降低了密封腔體中的濕度，從 而使陶殼中的水分持續⑽《，制殼逐漸乾燥； 步 辦所述费封腔體進行真空放氣，使所述密封腔體變回常屋狀 態；由_殼在真空恒練鮮，其除濕效果不如在動態抽真空情況下好， 由:陶成多數N况下具有深淺不一的凹槽，為求槽底及外表乾燥程度一 提门乾燥效率，因此，需要對密封腔體進行真空放氣，使密封腔體變 回常壓狀態，這樣，往復多魏能使陶財水分不論槽底及表面，使陶殼 各部刀的含水量逐漸變均勻，避免陶殼某—部分過度乾燥，影響陶殼品質； 步驟句斷所述陶殼是否乾燥，如果是，則結束；如果否，則轉至 步驟S2。 本步称中’如果陶殼已經完全乾燥，則結束，如果陶殼還未完全乾燥， 則而要繼續執仃上述步驟S2^ S3…般來說，均需要迴圈執行步驟幻、 S3多次之後，陶殼才能完全乾燥。判斷陶殼是否乾燥可以有多種方法，現 舉Ή、進行說明’第一種判斷方法是：檢測陶殼在真空狀態下表面溫度， 當濕度低於某—值時，則齡於濕球溫度等於乾球溫度，說明陶殼中已經 沒有水77可向外揮發，陶殼已經完全乾燥；第二種方法是：根據對陶殼乾 燥的經驗，設定_電阻值，如果到達該數值，則認為陶殼已近乾燥完成， 結束程式，如果未到達該數值，則繼續運行。 經過上述步驟S1_S4之後’即使在陶殼結構複雜時，本發明也既能保 證陶殼的品質，又實現陶殼的快速乾燥。 匕試驗發現’在真空狀態下’製作陶殼的毁料會產生鼓脹呈海綿狀的 現象，真工度越咼，鼓脹情形越激烈。經發明人研究，出現這種情況的原 201116350 因是：真錄ϋ下’漿體_氣泡會膨齡動聚體及砂_微移動，然後 經過-段時間後，Ε體膨關失體積開始萎縮，由於萎縮力量不夠膨服時 產生的力強大，再由於漿料脫水產生膠化且砂粒不具有流動性，導致砂粒 不能完全復位’從而造成陶殼巾產生了細微孔隙及網狀微裂紋，致使陶殼 組織結構略微鬆散，從而使陶殼的厚度增厚，增加了陶殼的透氣性。 上述現象能夠增加陶殼的透氣性和崩散性，但是卻降低了陶殼的強 度。因此，在峽各層作業時，需要根據陶殼各層對透氣性和強度的不同 需求，採用不同的真空度。 對於陶殼的面層，為了確保陶殼品質，需要得到緻密的面層，避免鼓 脹呈海綿狀現象的發生，因此，面層作業時需要在低真空度下進行密封 腔體的真空度可以為650〜550毫米水銀柱，真空度優選為6〇〇毫米水銀柱。 對於陶殼的過渡層，它是連接面層和支樓層的過渡，需要確保其具有 一定的強度和透氣性，因此，過渡層作業時的真空度比面層作業時的真空 度略大，可以為530〜430毫米水銀柱，真空度優選為5〇()毫米水銀柱。 而對於陶殼的支標層，既需要具有足夠的強度，來承受金屬液凝固前 的靜壓，還需要具有較好的透氣性，以保證鑄件的品質，因此，支撐層作 業時的真空度優選為430〜330毫米水銀柱，在該真空度下保持一定時間， 支樓層的漿料就會呈現海綿狀疏鬆結構，大大提高陶殼的透氣性，並明顯 降低陶殼的燒後破斷係數至800多psi ’使漿料不須加任何崩散劑便可達到 最佳的陶殼條件。 最後’對於陶殼的封閉層’作業時的真空度可以為430〜330毫米水銀 柱’以兼顧該層的強度和透氣性。 201116350 採用本發明的方法對陶殼進行乾燥，能夠大大降低陶殼乾燥所需要的 時間，詳細資料請見下表1。 表1 : 採用本發明的方法進行乾燥 所需要的時間 所要乾燥現有技術中採用自然乾燥方式 的陶殼層 所需要的時間 面層 8〜24小時 18分鐘 過渡層 支撐層 封閉層 20〜40分鐘 40〜60分鐘/層 40〜60分鐘 6〜24小時 8〜24小時/層 16〜32小時 由表1可知，對於6〜8層的陶殼，現有 約-周的時間才能完成製作，而採用本發_方法可以在6個小時内完成 製作，大大提高了生產效率，降低了成本，同時也節約了能源。 本發明_殼快速乾射法，细真空吸氣放氣的往復持續加速陶殼 乾燥，並在密封雜喊有降溫冷凝除濕的賴，避免㈣㈣内濕氣重 減緩乾燥，_，還有加絲置，以保證随的品f。另外，本發明還針 對陶殼各層使用不同的真空度’以形成最佳賴殼條件。本發明不存在鼓 風除濕時迎風背風乾燥狗雜點，也不存在吸濕材料除濕時不易作業的 問題’本發明在-定程度上提高了贿的品質，實現了陶殼的快速乾燥， 鲍夠提π生產效率，降低生產成本，節約能源，保護環境。 與上述陶殼快速乾燥方法相對應，本發明還提供一種陶殼快速乾燥裝 置’如圖2所示，它包括·· 选封腔體1，用於放置待乾燥的陶殼，密封腔體丨包括腔體本體^， 12 201116350 腔體本體11上設置有封閉門12和進氣口（圖中未示出）； 加熱裝置3，用於控制陶殼處於恒溫狀態； 抽真空裝置4，與密封腔體1相連接，用於對密封腔體1抽真空； 降溫冷凝裝置2 ’用於對密封腔體1中的部分氣體進行降溫，使密封腔 體1中的濕氣冷凝。 本發明的裝置應用時，需要結合使用上述實施例的陶殼快速乾燥方 法首先’將待乾燥的陶殼放置在密封腔體j中；然後，利用加熱裝置3 控制陶殼處於恒溫狀態’再彻抽真空裝置4將密封腔體i減真空同 時在預疋時間内糊降溫冷凝裝置2對密封腔體i中的部分氣體進行降 溫’使密封腔體1中的濕氣冷凝；隨後，對密封腔體i進行真空放氣，使 密封腔體1變㈣驗態；這時，如果陶殼已經完全麟則可以停止乾 燥’如果陶殼還未完全乾燥，戦要重複進行上雜真空、降溫冷凝以及 真空放氣的過程。 本發明中’是在真空條件下職封腔體進行冷凝祕，從*使陶殼逐 漸乾燥的。由於峨的濕度較大，與外部存在_定的濕度壓差，所以陶殼 中的水刀本身就會不斷的擴散出來^而真空狀態能夠加速水份的擴散速 度從而大大提尚陶殼的乾燥速度，並且真空狀態下濕度壓差一致，陶殼 的火刀擴散s不會存在乾燥差異。同時，本發明還對密封腔體中的 部分氣體進行了降溫，使密封腔體中的濕氣冷凝，降低了密封腔體中的濕 度’從而使陶殼中的水分持續向外擴散，使陶殼逐漸乾燥。本發明中，恒 溫狀態能夠_殼體積不發生變化；將密封腔體變回常壓狀態，能夠防止 陶设某部刀過度乾燥。即使在陶殼結構複雜時，本發明也既能保證陶殼「 】3 201116350 的品質，又實現陶殼的快速乾燥。 本發明t，降溫冷魏置2優選採用如下方案： 如圖3所示，降溫冷凝裝置2包括壓縮機2卜冷凝器22、蒸發器力、 低壓調ΪΡ閥24和膨脹閥25 ’壓縮機2卜冷㈣22、健卿閥24和膨脹 閥25均位於密封腔體丄的外部，蒸發器23位於密封腔體ι的内部，其中， 壓縮機21的出口與冷凝器22的入口相連； 冷凝器22的出口經膨脹閥25與蒸發器23的入口相連； 蒸發器23的出口經低壓調節閥24與壓縮機21的入口相連。 運斤時，壓縮機21首先利用南壓將汽態冷媒壓縮後輸送至冷凝器22 中，冷凝器22將汽態冷媒冷卻為液態，並將冷卻形成的高壓液態冷媒經膨 脹閥25輸送至蒸發器23，在蒸發器23中冷媒吸收密封腔體1中的熱量， 使密封腔體1中的濕氣冷凝，同時蒸發器23中的冷媒由高壓液態變為低壓 汽態’然後經低壓調節閥24流回至壓縮機21中，進行下一次迴圈過程。 在上述實施例中，冷媒從蒸發器23中流出後，可能是汽液共存，因此， 為了保護壓縮機21不受損壞，壓縮機21與低壓調節閥24之間可以連接有 汽液分離器26，用於將冷媒中的液體分離出來，僅使汽態冷媒流回至壓縮 機21 _進行下一次迴圈，分離出來的液體冷媒可以再次輸送到蒸發器23 中進行使用。 同時，在降溫冷凝裝置2的迴圈管道中會存在用於溶解冷媒的油性物 質，為了回收利用該油性物質，壓縮機21與冷凝器22之間可以連接有油 分離器27，油分離器27的油出口再連接至壓縮機21。並且，為了過濾冷 媒中雜質，提高降溫冷凝的效率，冷凝器22與膨脹閥25之間還可以連接 2〇1116350 有乾燥篩檢程式28，用於對冷媒進行過濾。 為了進一步提高對汽態冷媒的冷卻效果，冷凝器22與乾燥篩檢程式28 之間還了以連接有水冷卻器29，以對冷媒進行二次冷卻，提高整個降溫冷 凝裝置2的降溫冷凝效果。 在控制陶殼處於恒溫㈣的過程巾，為了提高熱量的湘率，節約能 源，在密封腔體1内還可以設置有壓縮機高壓熱回收管31，其中， 乾燥篩檢程式28的出口還與壓縮機高壓熱回收管31的一端相連； 壓縮機高壓熱回收管31的另一端與膨脹閥25的入口相連。 這樣，就回收利用了壓縮機高壓冷媒的部分熱量，節約了能源。 如圖2所示，本發明中的加熱裝置3是用於控制陶殼處於恒溫狀態的， 、採用各種加熱方式及位置佈置方式，如紅外線加熱、設置在密封腔 體1外表面等。但是，考慮到加熱的速度以及溫度控制的方便性優選將 加熱裝置3設置在密封腔體丨内，並且加熱裝置優選翻電熱管。 本發明中，在乾燥陶殼時，一方面需要控制陶殼處於恒溫狀態（需要 加熱），另一方面需要對密封腔體的部分氣體進行降溫，因此，為了使兩者 互不干擾，並提高陶殼的乾燥效率，在本發明圖4所示的實施例中，密封 腔體1内還可以設置有豎隔板5和風扇6，豎隔板5和風扇6使密封腔體j 内形成一空氣迴圈回路，其中， 豎隔板5的一側（圖4中的左側）用於放置陶殼，風扇6位於豎隔板5 該側的上方； 豎隔板5的另一側（圖4中的右側）放置蒸發器23。 這樣’在風扇6的帶動下’風扇6吹出的空氣會將陶殼中的水分攜帶f 15 201116350 至蒸發器23 ’由蒸發ϋ 23 氣進行冷凝後，$氣再流紅風扇5，進行 下--人迴_。此時’為了進-步提高空氣迴圈效率，還可以設置一橫隔板7， 橫隔板7連接在豎隔板5上方，與g隔板5形成倒l形結構，並且風扇可 以固定在橫隔板7上，這樣有利於進—步引導空氣的流向，提高空氣迴圈 效率。並且，如圖4所示’為了控制陶殼處於恒溫狀體，加熱裝置3 (如電 熱管）和_機高频雜管Μ均可與蒸發器U關嫩置，位於蒸發 器23的上部。 本發明中，由於對密封腔體1中的濕氣進行了冷凝，冷凝形成的水會 聚集在密封腔體i的底部，為了方便水的翻，如圖6所示，在腔體本體 11的底部相連接-真线水桶8，該真空儲糊8的底部設置有排水口 9。這樣，當陶殼乾燥完畢後，可以通過真空儲水桶S方便的將乾燥過程中 產生的水排出到外界環境中。 本發月中封閉門的进封方式與現有技術也略有不同如圖$所示， 本發明實施例是在封閉門12 _邊設置有密封圈凹槽13，雜圈凹槽η 内設置有_ 14，麵_ 14為絲式_。使科，在酬封閉門 12後’向充氣式密封圈14断人高壓氣體，從而密封圈14鼓起，起到密 咖’田乾燥凡畢後’再釋故掉密封圈14内的氣體即可。由於現有技術 中密封圈多為墊圈，會與腔體本體產生摩擦，影響了密封_壽命，而本 發明採用絲式贿酸，_減対封_賴切的縣，大大提高 密封圈的使用壽命。 本發明中的抽真空裝置4 以採用現有技術中常用的真空 是用於將密封㈣1抽成真空狀態的 ，它可 果，為了防止空氣巾的雜質進人抽真空裝置 201116350 4’影響其壽命，如圖6所示’在抽真空農置4與腔體本體丨之間可以依次 連接有第-道過濾網15和第二道過滤網16，以對空氣中的雜質進行較為徹 底的過濾。 另外’在随漏過程中以及陶殼乾燥完成後，均需要使密封腔體工 由真空狀態變回常驗態，因此，在腔體本體u的進氣口上還連接有外氣 均壓電磁閥17和/或外氣均壓手動球閥18，該兩者均可以使外界的空氣進 入到密封腔體1中。當外氣均壓電磁閥17出現故障時，本發明還可以使用 外氣均壓手動球閥18進行手動調節，實現密封腔體丨與外界的均壓。 以上所述僅為本發明的較佳實施例，並非用來限定本發明的實施範 圍，如果不脫離本發明的精神和範圍，對本發明進行修改或者等同替換， 均應涵蓋在本發明權利要求的保護範圍當中。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明陶殼快速乾燥方法實施例的流程示意圖； 圖2為本發明陶殼快速乾燥裝置實施例的結構示意圖； 圖3為圖2所示實施例中降溫冷凝裝置的結構示意圖； 圖4為對圖2所示裝置實施例改進後的内部結構示意圖； 圖5為圖4所示裝置實施例中封閉門打開後的正面結構示意圖； 圖6為圖4所示裝置實施例中位於密封腔體外部的抽真空裝置和真空 儲水桶部分的結構示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 密封腔體 11 腔體本體 12 封閉門 17 201116350 13 密封圈凹槽 14 密封圈 15 第一道過濾網 16 第二道過濾網 17 外氣均壓電磁閥 18 外氣均壓手動球閥 2 降溫冷凝裝置 21 壓縮機 22 冷凝器 23 蒸發器 24 低壓調節閥 25 膨脹閥 26 汽液分離器 27 油分離器 28 乾燥篩檢程式 29 水冷卻器 3 加熱裝置 31 壓縮機高壓熱回收管 4 抽真空裝置 5 豎隔板 6 風扇 7 橫隔板 8 真空儲水桶 9 排水口201116350 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a precision manufacturing process, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for quickly breaking a ceramic shell, and a ceramic shell. [Prior Art] Precision casting is a casting method that is based on the art and the art (4), which is said to be able to obtain a relatively accurate shape and a high (10). The process of precision casting is as follows: firstly, the mold is made to form the mold and the shape and shape of the product to be cast, and then the ceramic shell is formed on the surface of the produced butterfly mold, and then the ceramic shell is processed. (The internal (4) mold is dissolved and removed) Finally, the metal material is injected into the ceramic shell after the dewaxing treatment. After the metal material is cooled and solidified, the ceramic shell is broken and removed, and the obtained casting is the desired product. In the above process, the production of ceramic shell is very important, and its quality determines the pros and cons of the casting. At present, the commonly used method for making ceramic shells is: shell moulding method, in particular, water-based gluten-made double method is often used, and in the case of making ceramic shells, the refractory material is used to prepare different aggregates and H-layer sand gradually- The layers are stacked on the surface of the view to form the thickness of the sentence. Therefore, the ceramic shell can be divided into a surface layer, a transition layer (two layers), a support layer (back layer) and a closed layer. The layer, the transition layer and the closure layer are each only one layer, while the support layer usually has multiple layers.夕/谷胶疋 relies on the dehydration concentrated gel to produce strength. Therefore, in the process of water-soluble smelting sol shelling, an important process step is to dry the various layers of the ceramic shell. The traditional drying method is to place the ceramic shell in a constant temperature and humidity chamber and let it dry naturally. The ceramic shell that the party has served is of good quality, but it takes too long. For ordinary 6~8 layer ceramic shells 4 201116350 $ Each spoon takes 8~24 hours to dry, and the whole ceramic shell takes about one week to complete the production, which takes a long time and reduces the production efficiency. In order to achieve rapid drying of the pottery, two new drying methods have been studied and used: The first method 除·Dehumidification with a powerful air blower, so that the ceramic shell can be used to speed the money at a wind speed of 2 to 〆米〆秒. The surface temperature is maintained at room temperature. The financial method improves the drying efficiency of the ceramic shell. 6 layers _ shell M, the lining can be completed within the time. However, when the casting structure is complicated and the hole is clear, the bottle will lie on the wind surface (4), (10) the speed is much smaller than the general surface' Therefore, 'there will be a little excessive dry shaft drying at the same time, so that the bribe is uneven, affecting the quality of the ceramic shell. The second method is to enclose the ceramic shell in a porous strong hygroscopic material, and use the capillary phenomenon to make the moisture in the ceramic shell. The method can also improve the dryness of the pottery (four). However, when the method is used, the 'required _ shell surface suction _ sucking shoe material can be completely removed before the next step can be immersed, and when the 鎿 结构 structure has holes, the county handle is not ^ buried, unable to work. It can be seen from the above that the ceramic shell drying method in the prior art cannot guarantee the quality of the ceramic shell and the rapid drying of the ceramic shell when the ceramic shell structure is complicated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method and a device for rapidly drying a ceramic shell, which can ensure the quality of the ceramic shell and the rapid drying of the ceramic shell when the ceramic shell structure is complicated. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A rapid drying method for a ceramic shell, comprising the steps of: a. placing a ceramic shell to be dried into a sealed cavity; b' presupposing that the ceramic shell is in a constant temperature state Lowering the sealed cavity into a vacuum 201116350 state 'and cooling a portion of the gas in the sealed cavity for a predetermined time to condense moisture in the sealed cavity; C to the sealed cavity The body is subjected to vacuum venting to make the sealed cavity return to normal pressure; d. determining whether the ceramic shell is dry, and if so, ending; if not, proceeding to step b. As an optimization of the above technical solution, when the surface layer of the ceramic shell is dried, the (4) shouting line in the step b is 65G to 55G _ mercury column. As an optimization of the above technical solution, when the transition layer of the ceramic shell is dried, the degree of vacuum of the sealed cavity in the step b is 530 mm mm. As an optimization of the above technical solution, when the support layer of the ceramic shell is dry, the true line of the sealed cavity in the step b is a ~330 mm mercury column. As an optimization of the above technical solution, when the sealing layer of the ceramic shell is dried, the vacuum chamber of the cavity is sealed in the step b of the ceramic. a ceramic shell rapid drying device comprising: a sealing surface, the flank is placed to hide, the sealing body comprises a cavity body, and the cavity body is provided with a closing door and an air inlet; the heating device's (four) The temperate state of the gorge; - the squirting line, connected with the Wei Brie, for the (4) vacuum pumping; - the cooling condensing device, for cooling part of the gas in the sealing problem, so that The moisture in the sealed chamber condenses. As an optimization of the above technical solution, the cooling and condensing device comprises a ship, a condensation crying, an evaporator, a low pressure adjustment, and the expansion, the condenser, the regulating valve and the expansion=in the sealed cavity Externally, the evaporator is located inside the sealed chamber, in 6201116350, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the condenser; the outlet of the condenser is passed through the expansion valve and the evaporation The inlet of the evaporator is connected; the outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the compressor via the low pressure regulating valve. As an optimization of the above technical solution, a vapor-liquid separator is connected between the compressor and the low-pressure regulating valve. As an optimization of the above technical solution, an oil separator is connected between the compressor and the condenser, and an oil outlet of the oil separator is connected to the compressor. As an optimization of the above technical solution, a dry screening program is connected between the condenser and the expansion valve. As an optimization of the above technical solution, a water cooler is connected between the condenser and the dry screening program. As an optimization of the above technical solution, a compressor high-pressure heat recovery pipe is further disposed in the sealed cavity, wherein an outlet of the dry screening program is further connected to one end of the compressor high-pressure heat recovery pipe; The other end of the compressor high pressure heat recovery pipe is connected to the inlet of the expansion valve. As an optimization of the above technical solution, the heating device is located in the sealed cavity, and the heating device is an electric heating pipe. As an optimization of the above technical solution, the sealing cavity is further provided with a vertical partition and a fan. The vertical partition and the fan form an air loop circuit in the sealed cavity, wherein one side of the vertical partition is used for placing the ceramic shell, and the fan is located in the vertical partition Above the side; r 201116350 The evaporator is placed on the other side of the vertical partition. As an optimization of the above technical solution, a vacuum storage bucket is connected to the bottom of the cavity body, and a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the vacuum storage bucket. As an optimization of the above technical solution, a sealing ring groove is disposed around the periphery of the closing door, and a sealing ring is disposed in the sealing ring groove, and the sealing ring is an inflatable sealing ring. As an optimization of the above technical solution, a first filter and a second filter are sequentially connected between the vacuuming device and the cavity body. As an optimization of the above technical solution, the air intake of the cavity body An external air pressure equalizing solenoid valve and/or an external air equalizing manual ball valve are provided on the mouth. In the present invention, the sealed cavity is condensed and dehumidified under vacuum conditions, thereby gradually drying the ceramic shell. Since the humidity of the ceramic shell is large and there is a certain pressure difference between the outside and the outside, the moisture in the ceramic shell itself is continuously diffused. The vacuum state can accelerate the diffusion speed of the water, thereby greatly increasing the drying speed of the ceramic shell, and the humidity difference in the vacuum state is uniform, and the moisture diffusion in the ceramic shell is uniform, and there is no difference in drying. At the same time, the invention also cools part of the gas in the sealed cavity, so that the moisture in the sealed cavity condenses, and the humidity in the sealed cavity is reduced, so that the moisture in the ceramic shell continues to spread outward, so that the pottery The shell gradually dries. In the present invention, the constant temperature state can prevent the volume of the ceramic shell from changing; changing the sealed chamber back to the normal pressure state can prevent a certain portion of the ceramic shell from being excessively dried. Even when the ceramic shell structure is complicated, the present invention can not only ensure the quality of the ceramic shell but also achieve rapid drying of the ceramic shell. In another aspect, the present invention provides a ceramic shell obtained by the above-described ceramic shell rapid drying method, wherein the support layer of the ceramic shell has a sponge-like loose structure. The invention provides a shell-like structure with a sponge-like loose structure, which can greatly improve the gas permeability of the ceramic shell 8 201116350, and significantly reduce the post-burning breaking coefficient of the ceramic shell to more than 800 psi (crush/square inch), so that the production The slurry of the ceramic shell can achieve the best ceramic shell condition without adding any disintegrating agent. [Embodiment] In order to solve the problem of the ceramic shell drying method in the prior art, when the ceramic shell structure is complicated, the quality of the ceramic shell cannot be ensured, and the ceramic shell is quickly dried, the present invention provides a method and a device for rapidly drying the ceramic shell. And a ceramic shell. The invention will now be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings. The invention provides a rapid drying method for a ceramic shell, as shown in FIG. 1 , which comprises: Step S1 : placing a ceramic shell to be dried into a sealing cavity ^; the sealing cavity is preferably made of a metal material; Step S2. Controlling the ceramic shell to be in a state of constant temperature, drawing the sealed chamber into a vacuum state, and cooling a portion of the gas in the sealed chamber for a predetermined time, so that the chamber is sealed and sealed The moisture in the condensation; in this step, the control of the ceramic shell is in a constant temperature state, which can guarantee the quality of the ceramic shell. If the temperature is not controlled, when the water in the ceramic shell volatilizes, it will absorb heat, so that the wax mold will cool down, and then the wax mold will shrink due to thermal expansion and contraction, and the slurry forming the ceramic shell will also shrink. Volume, and when the ceramic shell is completely dry, no water volatilizes, the soil mold will absorb the external heat, warm up to room temperature, and the volume expands back to the original volume, but at this time the ceramic shell is already dry and hard, and it is bound to be cracked by the loam or Because the pulling cuts the groove of the font on the ceramic shell, thereby affecting the quality of the ceramic shell; in this step, 'vacuum and cooling and condensing part of the gas in the sealed cavity can be simultaneously performed; because the humidity of the ceramic shell is large, There is a certain humidity difference with the outside, so the water in the ceramic shell will continue to diffuse out; and the vacuum state can accelerate the diffusion speed of the water, thereby greatly increasing the drying speed of the ceramic shell, and the humidity pressure difference under vacuum conditions. Consistently, the moisture in the ceramic shell is uniformly diffused, and there is no difference in drying; at the same time, the present invention also seals a part of the gas in the cavity. 201116350 Budging the moisture in the sealed cavity, reducing the humidity in the sealed cavity, so that the moisture in the ceramic shell continues (10) ", the shell gradually drying; step by step to seal the cavity for vacuum venting, The sealing cavity is changed back to the normal state; the hull is kept fresh in the vacuum, and the dehumidification effect is not as good as in the case of dynamic vacuuming, and: the ceramic has a groove with different shades under most N conditions. The dryness of the bottom and the outer surface of the tank is required to improve the drying efficiency of the door. Therefore, it is necessary to vacuum vent the sealed cavity to return the sealed cavity to a normal pressure state, so that the reciprocating multi-wei can make the water of the pottery regardless of the bottom and surface of the tank. In order to make the water content of each part of the ceramic shell gradually uniform, to avoid excessive drying of the ceramic shell, which affects the quality of the ceramic shell; the step is to determine whether the ceramic shell is dry, and if so, the end; if not, then go to the step S2. This step is called 'If the ceramic shell is completely dry, then it is finished. If the ceramic shell is not completely dry, then continue to perform the above steps S2^S3... In general, you need to perform the steps in the loop, S3 multiple times. After that, the ceramic shell can be completely dried. There are many ways to judge whether the ceramic shell is dry or not. The first method of judging is to detect the surface temperature of the ceramic shell under vacuum. When the humidity is lower than a certain value, the wet bulb temperature is equal to The dry bulb temperature indicates that there is no water 77 in the ceramic shell to volatilize outward, and the ceramic shell has been completely dried; the second method is: according to the experience of drying the ceramic shell, set the _ resistance value, if it reaches this value, it is considered Tao The shell is nearly dry, the program ends, and if it does not reach the value, it continues to run. After the above steps S1_S4, even when the ceramic shell structure is complicated, the present invention can not only ensure the quality of the ceramic shell but also achieve rapid drying of the ceramic shell. The sputum test found that the destruction of the ceramic shell under the vacuum condition caused a phenomenon of bulging and spongy, and the more the true degree of work, the more intense the bulging situation. According to the inventor's research, the original 201116350 of this situation is: the real recording of the 'slurry _ bubble will swell age kinetics and sand _ micro movement, and then after a period of time, the corpus callosum to lose volume begins Shrinkage, due to the strength of the atrophy is not strong enough to expand, and then due to the dehydration of the slurry to produce gelation and the sand does not have fluidity, resulting in the sand can not be completely reset, resulting in fine pores and network micro-cracks in the ceramic shell towel, The structure of the ceramic shell is slightly loose, which thickens the thickness of the ceramic shell and increases the gas permeability of the ceramic shell. The above phenomenon can increase the gas permeability and disintegration of the ceramic shell, but it reduces the strength of the ceramic shell. Therefore, in the operation of each layer of the gorge, it is necessary to adopt different degrees of vacuum according to the different requirements of the gas permeable and strength of each layer of the ceramic shell. For the surface layer of the ceramic shell, in order to ensure the quality of the ceramic shell, it is necessary to obtain a dense surface layer to avoid the phenomenon of bulging and spongy phenomenon. Therefore, the vacuum degree of the sealing cavity required to operate the surface layer under low vacuum can be The 650-550 mm mercury column has a vacuum of preferably 6 mm of mercury column. For the transition layer of the ceramic shell, it is the transition between the joint surface layer and the support floor, and it needs to ensure a certain strength and gas permeability. Therefore, the vacuum degree during the operation of the transition layer is slightly larger than the vacuum degree during the surface layer operation. For a 530-430 mm mercury column, the degree of vacuum is preferably 5 〇 (mm) mercury column. For the support layer of the ceramic shell, it is necessary to have sufficient strength to withstand the static pressure before the solidification of the molten metal, and also to have better gas permeability to ensure the quality of the casting, and therefore, the degree of vacuum during the operation of the support layer. Preferably, the 430~330 mm mercury column is maintained under the vacuum for a certain period of time, and the slurry of the supporting floor exhibits a sponge-like loose structure, which greatly improves the gas permeability of the ceramic shell, and significantly reduces the burning breaking coefficient of the ceramic shell to More than 800 psi 'to achieve the best ceramic shell conditions without any disintegration. Finally, the vacuum degree for the operation of the closed layer of the ceramic shell may be 430 to 330 mm of mercury column to balance the strength and gas permeability of the layer. 201116350 Drying the ceramic shell by the method of the present invention can greatly reduce the time required for drying the ceramic shell. See Table 1 for details. Table 1: Time required for drying by the method of the present invention. Time required for drying the ceramic shell layer of the prior art using a natural drying method 8 to 24 hours 18 minutes Transition layer Support layer sealing layer 20 to 40 minutes 40 ~60 minutes/layer 40~60 minutes 6~24 hours 8~24 hours/layer 16~32 hours It can be seen from Table 1 that for 6~8 layers of ceramic shells, it can be completed in about -week time. The method can be completed in 6 hours, which greatly improves production efficiency, reduces costs, and saves energy. The invention _ shell rapid dry shot method, the reciprocating of the fine vacuum suction and deflation continuously accelerates the drying of the ceramic shell, and in the sealing, there is a cooling and condensing dehumidification, avoiding the moisture in the (four) (four) slowing down the drying, _, and adding silk Set to ensure that the product f. In addition, the present invention also uses different degrees of vacuum for each layer of the ceramic shell to form optimum shell conditions. The invention does not have the problem of drying the dog's noise in the windy leeward when the blast is dehumidified, and there is no problem that the moisture absorbing material is difficult to work when dehumidifying. The invention improves the quality of the bribe to a certain extent, and realizes the rapid drying of the ceramic shell, the abalone It can increase π production efficiency, reduce production costs, save energy and protect the environment. Corresponding to the above-mentioned ceramic shell rapid drying method, the present invention also provides a ceramic shell rapid drying device as shown in FIG. 2, which comprises a sealing chamber 1 for placing a ceramic shell to be dried, and sealing the chamber. Including the cavity body ^, 12 201116350 The cavity body 11 is provided with a closing door 12 and an air inlet (not shown); a heating device 3 for controlling the ceramic shell in a constant temperature state; the vacuuming device 4, and the sealing The cavity 1 is connected for vacuuming the sealed cavity 1; the cooling condensing device 2' is used for cooling a part of the gas in the sealed cavity 1 to condense the moisture in the sealed cavity 1. When the device of the present invention is applied, it is necessary to use the ceramic shell rapid drying method in combination with the above embodiment to firstly place the ceramic shell to be dried in the sealing cavity j; then, the heating device 3 is used to control the ceramic shell in a constant temperature state. The vacuuming device 4 reduces the vacuum of the sealed cavity i while the paste cooling temperature condensing device 2 cools part of the gas in the sealed cavity i during the pre-twisting time to condense the moisture in the sealed cavity 1; subsequently, the sealed cavity The body i is vacuum vented, so that the sealing cavity 1 is changed (4). At this time, if the ceramic shell is completely lining, the drying can be stopped. 'If the ceramic shell is not completely dried, the vacuum is repeated, the condensation is cooled, and the vacuum is repeated. The process of deflation. In the present invention, the sealing chamber is subjected to condensation under vacuum conditions, and the ceramic shell is gradually dried from *. Because the humidity of the crucible is large, and there is a constant humidity difference with the outside, the water knife itself in the ceramic shell will continuously diffuse out. The vacuum state can accelerate the diffusion speed of the water and greatly enhance the drying of the ceramic shell. The speed and the humidity difference in the vacuum state are the same, and the fire knife diffusion of the ceramic shell does not have a difference in drying. At the same time, the invention also cools part of the gas in the sealed cavity, so that the moisture in the sealed cavity condenses, and the humidity in the sealed cavity is reduced, so that the moisture in the ceramic shell continues to spread outward, so that the pottery The shell gradually dries. In the present invention, the constant temperature state can prevent the shell volume from changing; and the sealing chamber is returned to the normal pressure state, thereby preventing the mold from being excessively dried. Even when the ceramic shell structure is complicated, the invention can not only ensure the quality of the ceramic shell "3" 1616350, but also realize the rapid drying of the ceramic shell. The present invention t, cooling the cold set 2 preferably adopts the following scheme: The cooling condensing device 2 includes a compressor 2, a condenser 22, an evaporator force, a low pressure regulating valve 24, and an expansion valve 25, a compressor 2, a cold (four) 22, a health valve 24, and an expansion valve 25, both of which are located in the sealed cavity. Externally, the evaporator 23 is located inside the sealed chamber ι, wherein the outlet of the compressor 21 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 22; the outlet of the condenser 22 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 23 via the expansion valve 25; the outlet of the evaporator 23 The low pressure regulating valve 24 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 21. At the time of charging, the compressor 21 first compresses the vapor refrigerant by the south pressure and then delivers it to the condenser 22, which cools the vapor refrigerant to a liquid state, and The high-pressure liquid refrigerant formed by the cooling is sent to the evaporator 23 via the expansion valve 25, in which the refrigerant absorbs the heat in the sealed chamber 1 to condense the moisture in the sealed chamber 1, and the refrigerant in the evaporator 23 is High pressure liquid state becomes low The vapor state 'flows back to the compressor 21 via the low pressure regulating valve 24 for the next loop process. In the above embodiment, after the refrigerant flows out of the evaporator 23, vapor and liquid may coexist, and therefore, in order to protect the compression The machine 21 is not damaged, and a vapor-liquid separator 26 may be connected between the compressor 21 and the low-pressure regulating valve 24 for separating the liquid in the refrigerant, and only the vapor-state refrigerant is returned to the compressor 21 for the next time. In the loop, the separated liquid refrigerant can be again sent to the evaporator 23 for use. Meanwhile, an oily substance for dissolving the refrigerant exists in the loop pipe of the cooling and condensing device 2, in order to recycle the oily substance, the compressor An oil separator 27 may be connected between the 21 and the condenser 22, and the oil outlet of the oil separator 27 is connected to the compressor 21. Further, in order to filter impurities in the refrigerant, the efficiency of cooling condensation is improved, and the condenser 22 and the expansion valve 25 are provided. It is also possible to connect 2〇1116350 with a dry screening program 28 for filtering the refrigerant. To further improve the cooling effect on the vapor refrigerant, the condenser 22 and the drying screening process Between the formulas 28, a water cooler 29 is connected to re-cool the refrigerant to improve the cooling and condensation effect of the entire temperature-lowering condensing device 2. In the process towel for controlling the ceramic shell at a constant temperature (four), in order to increase the rate of heat To save energy, a compressor high pressure heat recovery pipe 31 may be disposed in the sealed cavity 1, wherein the outlet of the dry screening program 28 is also connected to one end of the compressor high pressure heat recovery pipe 31; the compressor high pressure heat recovery pipe The other end of 31 is connected to the inlet of the expansion valve 25. In this way, part of the heat of the compressor high-pressure refrigerant is recovered, saving energy. As shown in Fig. 2, the heating device 3 of the present invention is used to control the ceramic shell at In the constant temperature state, various heating methods and positional arrangements, such as infrared heating, are disposed on the outer surface of the sealed cavity 1 and the like. However, in view of the speed of heating and the convenience of temperature control, it is preferable to dispose the heating device 3 in the sealed cavity, and the heating means preferably turns over the heat pipe. In the present invention, when drying the ceramic shell, on the one hand, it is necessary to control the ceramic shell in a constant temperature state (requires heating), and on the other hand, it is necessary to cool a part of the gas in the sealed chamber, so that in order to prevent the two from interfering with each other, The drying efficiency of the ceramic shell, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 of the present invention, the sealing chamber 1 may be provided with a vertical partition 5 and a fan 6, and the vertical partition 5 and the fan 6 form a sealed chamber j. An air loop circuit in which one side of the vertical partition 5 (left side in FIG. 4) is used to place the ceramic shell, and the fan 6 is located above the side of the vertical partition 5; the other side of the vertical partition 5 (Fig. 4 The evaporator 23 is placed on the right side. Thus, the air blown by the fan 6 under the driving of the fan 6 carries the moisture in the ceramic shell f 15 201116350 to the evaporator 23', which is condensed by the evaporation gas 23, and then the gas is re-flowed to the red fan 5, and then - - People return _. At this time, in order to improve the air loop efficiency in advance, a transverse partition 7 can also be provided, and the transverse partition 7 is connected above the vertical partition 5, forming an inverted l-shaped structure with the g partition 5, and the fan can be fixed at On the transverse partition 7, this is advantageous for guiding the flow of air in the stepwise manner and improving the efficiency of the air circulation. Further, as shown in Fig. 4, in order to control the ceramic shell in a thermostatic body, the heating means 3 (e.g., electric heating tube) and the "high-frequency miscellaneous tube" can be closed with the evaporator U, and are located at the upper portion of the evaporator 23. In the present invention, since the moisture in the sealed cavity 1 is condensed, the water formed by the condensation collects at the bottom of the sealed cavity i, in order to facilitate the turning of the water, as shown in FIG. 6, in the cavity body 11 The bottom phase is connected to the true line bucket 8, and the bottom of the vacuum storage paste 8 is provided with a drain port 9. Thus, when the ceramic shell is dried, the water generated in the drying process can be conveniently discharged into the external environment through the vacuum storage tank S. The sealing method of the closing door in the present month is also slightly different from the prior art. As shown in FIG. $, in the embodiment of the present invention, the sealing ring groove 13 is disposed on the side of the closing door 12 _, and the ring groove η is provided _ 14, face _ 14 is silk _. After the door 12 is paid, the high-pressure gas is cut off to the inflatable sealing ring 14, so that the sealing ring 14 is bulged, and the gas inside the sealing ring 14 is released after the meditation is completed. can. Since the sealing ring in the prior art is mostly a gasket, friction will be generated with the cavity body, which affects the sealing_life, and the invention adopts the silk brittle acid, the county of the _ 対 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . The vacuuming device 4 of the present invention uses the vacuum commonly used in the prior art to draw the sealing (four) 1 into a vacuum state, which can be used to prevent the impurities of the air towel from entering the vacuuming device 201116350 4' to affect its life. As shown in Fig. 6, the first filter 15 and the second filter 16 may be sequentially connected between the vacuuming farm 4 and the cavity body 以 to relatively thoroughly filter the impurities in the air. In addition, in the process of leaking and the drying of the ceramic shell, it is necessary to change the sealing chamber from the vacuum state to the normal state. Therefore, an external gas equalizing solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the cavity body u. 17 and/or an external air pressure equalizing manual ball valve 18, both of which allow outside air to enter the sealed chamber 1. When the external air pressure equalizing solenoid valve 17 fails, the present invention can also be manually adjusted by using the external air equalizing manual ball valve 18 to achieve uniform pressure of the sealed cavity and the outside. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The invention is modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Within the scope of protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a rapid drying method for a ceramic shell according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a ceramic shell rapid drying apparatus according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a cooling and condensation method of the embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the device embodiment shown in Figure 2; Figure 5 is a front view of the device in the embodiment of Figure 4 after the closed door is opened; Figure 6 is a schematic view of Figure 4 A schematic view of the structure of the vacuuming device and the vacuum storage bucket portion outside the sealed chamber in the device embodiment. [Main component symbol description] 1 Sealing cavity 11 Cavity body 12 Closing door 17 201116350 13 Sealing ring groove 14 Sealing ring 15 First filter net 16 Second filter net 17 External gas pressure equalizing solenoid valve 18 External gas Pressure manual ball valve 2 Cooling condensing unit 21 Compressor 22 Condenser 23 Evaporator 24 Low pressure regulating valve 25 Expansion valve 26 Vapor separator 27 Oil separator 28 Dry screening program 29 Water cooler 3 Heating device 31 Compressor high pressure heat recovery Tube 4 Vacuuming device 5 Vertical partition 6 Fan 7 Horizontal partition 8 Vacuum storage bucket 9 Drainage outlet