TW201112684A - Communication methods and apparatus relating to cooperative and non-cooperative modes of operation - Google Patents

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for selecting and switching between cooperative and non-cooperative modes of communications device operation are described. Switching between modes maybe, e.g., in response to a signal received form another device or in response to another device leaving the area. In cooperative mode operation the communications device acts in a manner that takes into consideration the effect of signal transmissions on other devices, e.g., the device may respond to interference control signaling, resource allocation signals and/or implement other interference management techniques. In the non-cooperative mode the device seeks to optimize its own communications performance without regard to the effect on one or more communications devices which may be in the area, e.g., devices with which it is not communicating. In the non-cooperative mode the device may ignore interference management control signals or transmit signals intended to cause another devices to reduce their transmissions or power output.

Description

201112684 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field to Which the Invention Is Ascribed] Various embodiments are directed to a method and apparatus for wireless communication. [Prior Art] The two types of networks seen in the 7 series are special networks (5) plus coffee and honeycomb, (5). Special-purpose networks are relatively common when the unlicensed spectrum is open for public use. In the case of such networks, the wireless communication device in the area can establish a network to control the configuration of communication resources without having to rely on the infrastructure base station and/or other devices. From the point of view of utilization, in the spectrum of unlicensed, individual communication devices are generally free to maximize their use of the unlicensed spectrum, regardless of other devices. Fortunately, the measures taken by the wanted device can adversely adversely affect The communication of adjacent devices, for example, is represented by interference to the neighboring device. In the case of the commonly licensed frequency of the 4th & nested case, the owner of the spectrum license usually has the spectrum The use of maximizing interest. It is generally understood that the fish manage to optimize their own delivery volume without regard to the imaging of other devices compared to the device, in a cooperative manner, from the communication of 2 && The device can usually use a quantitative communication resource (such as the spectrum) for the text, and the '° is difficult to achieve a larger amount of the overall data. The cooperative function can include the Xia Emperor Pavilion such as 'response Holding a signal system, e.g., transmission power level control signal, the resource "or other means to dry the cracking of other types of signals by the communication apparatus to remove the individual to stick to the fool and k / opposite result. Usually refers to:: Fangchao = the device of the wireless communication transmission system is operated by the partner 151133.doc 201112684. Although it is beneficial from the point of view of the overall system, 'the view from the individual wireless communication is two: the operation may be pounds in fact 'when the spectrum is exempted from authorization', you are not profitable. In the presence of V: and / or when in the non-cooperative mode, the frequency of the transmission can be achieved in relation to the transmission of the device in a non-cooperative manner. It can lead to the shortcomings of the passer-by. In the case of unauthorized authorization, the communication device can have the unique advantage of being superior to the cooperation barrier. The source is πν2 h MF mussel/original body-applied device. ... He should understand that there is wireless communication for the supply. Device phase =;: τ operation (for example, ... or non-cooperative mode) side * "Sexual... If developing a device that allows flexibility regarding the device operation mode" 5 ° ΛΑ ^ . Method and / or device , it will be ideal. A device having flexibility in the form of cooperation or non-conformity ^ Α ^ can make decisions on how to operate in a reasonable manner based on information about the force and/or operation of adjacent installations. Ideal. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Various methods and apparatus are described that are useful in facilitating, and/or communicating with, and/or in non-heterogeneous communication systems. Although various combinations and/or methods are described that may be used together, it should be understood that many of the features and methods described herein can be used independently or in combination. Therefore, the following summary is not intended to suggest that all or a plurality of features discussed below are required to be used in a single embodiment. In fact, many embodiments may include only one or several of the features, elements, methods, or steps of the following description. 151133.doc 201112684 Supporting wireless communication methods in a communication system including a plurality of wireless communication devices device. In this system, the device supports low bit rate communication using one or more beacon signals. The beacon signal includes a beacon signal burst, and the beacon k burst includes a relatively high power symbol. Although the relatively high power of the beacon symbol makes it easy to detect, it has a relatively low incidence over time and/or a very small amount of bandwidth. Assuming that the beacon signal rarely uses the available bandwidth, the high power beacon signal, while acting as interference to other communications, produces other communication protocols that support relatively high bit rate communications (eg, such as CDMA, Bluetooth, 琛) Interference with the tolerance of the communication agreement. Furthermore, although the beacon symbol is transmitted at a high power compared to the average per symbol power used to transmit the data symbols, it is assumed that the relatively low frequency transmission of the beacon symbol 'high power beacon symbol does not cause interference to the wireless communication device. Excessive consumption of power. ~ In the case of the dead species, the beacon transmission is used as a basic communication method and/or the other means of transmitting the device capabilities and/or other basic information to other devices by the wireless communication device while also notifying the other areas thereof Device. The beacon signal burst can be used to convey such device identifiers and device capabilities. The fi device and/or the transfer/negotiation of the basic device configuration, as part of the disk setup communication (4). A wireless communication device that can transmit and touch (iv) money includes, for example, a mobile communication device such as a wireless mobile phone and a fixed device such as a fixed location base station. Information can be exchanged by a wide range of rate beacons by using a beacon transmitter/interface device. The receiver, which supports different high bit rate devices, is more easily supported by the device. Therefore, the beacon signal can be used as the basic protocol for the 151133.doc 201112684 switching device and the duration information. Other higher rate protocols are used. The actual communication of the user data 'is, for example, part of the communication session established after the initial communication and/or exchange of information via the device using the beacon. In various embodiments, beacon signal communication relies primarily on signal timing and/or frequency to communicate the message. Therefore, since many receivers include the ability to distinguish between different frequencies and different reception times, beacon transmission is well suited for OFDM 'CDMA and/or other communication applications. The use of frequency and signaling timing (such as 'time between repeated bursts and/or beacon symbol transmissions') makes beacon symbol detection and information recovery relatively easy and inexpensive to design with many existing receivers. It is implemented by combining hardware. Therefore, the beacon signal receiver and the information reply module can be implemented at a relatively low cost. In addition, the oversimplified nature of beacon receivers allows for low cost beacon receivers/transmitters, even in the case of some receiver circuits that are not shared between receivers designed for higher bit rate communication protocols. Designed to use these designs in combination with current receiver/transmitters (such as existing 0FDM, C, A, and other types of receivers/transmitters) at a small additional cost. In many, but not necessarily all, embodiments, when a beacon signal is used, the phase of the beacon symbol is not used to convey information. This greatly reduces reception compared to, for example, cdma, 1 Sweat and ^ or "other types of receivers that rely on phase usage to pass at least some information and thereby achieve a relatively high data transfer rate" Cost and complexity of the device. Compared with the signaling technology that uses phase to transmit information, the amount of the beacon signal that does not use the phase to transmit information is relatively low. Therefore, although the use of the beacon signal is easy to use. 151I33.doc 201112684 measures the advantages of low-cost hardware implementation, but in many cases where user data is available (for example, it may be necessary to exchange a large amount of voice and/or text information in a relatively short amount of time) In this case, it is not practical. By incorporating the beacon symbol transmitter and receiver into a device that supports other communication protocols, the device that can communicate with another I can exchange basic configuration and device capability information. In the example, the beacon transmission is used as a basic communication method whereby the device discovers the existence of other devices and their capabilities. The device can then select a configuration (eg, a protocol stack), The configuration is applicable to devices that use one or more higher level agreements and information that can be obtained from their use via beacon signals. Due to the low bit rate nature of beacon signaling, a combination of multiple different sets of device capabilities ( For example, the stacking possibility can be predefined and identified by the device. For example, the program is used to indicate a device capable of supporting CDMA, WiFi, and session initiation protocol signaling. Code: can be used to indicate Ability to CDMA and the initiating start (4) letter (not the doctor's = device. Program code 3 can be used to indicate that it can support the deletion of the session start agreement (not WiFi). Can be predefined to indicate support Capability codes for which versions or sub-versions of a particular contract suite, etc. For example, program 2 indicates support for various combinations and versions of coffee, whip, and link layer protocols rather than just signaling WiFi. Use low bit rate transfer to pass - simple code, can transfer a large amount of device capability information. Error: send beacon signal indicating the preferred device configuration for a communication session 'receive beacon signal The device can respond. Receive beacon signal 151133.doc 201112684=Responsively change its configuration to the proposed configuration and/or change its configuration or use a different device by suggesting a heartbeat The configuration/contract stacks respond. In this way, the device can exchange the set information and change its group • 'state' so that the two devices can then use different communication protocols (eg /, 'Use phase of the car south level Agreements, such as CDMA, WiFi, GSM, or some other misconduct agreement, are used to communicate the user's data (eg, 'text, voice, or video material') as part of the wireless communication session. Acknowledge and/or indicate the acceptance of the configuration suggestion information as part of the beacon handshake. Although the beacon handshake can be used to negotiate device settings, the device can only receive information from the beacon signal from another device, based on the received The signal of the tuner adjusts its grievances and then communicates with the device or another device from which the beacon signal was received. In networks where at least some devices support different capabilities and/or multiple communication methods, the use of tagged signaling allows devices in a region to understand the other devices and their device capabilities in a region. In systems where three or more devices are located in the same geographical area, the first and second devices that do not support the same higher level communication protocol can establish a communication via a third device that supports multiple higher level communication protocols. At least one of the plurality of higher level communication protocols is supported by the first device and the other of the plurality is supported by the second device. Beacon signaling allows the first and third devices to communicate with each other regarding device capabilities and/or configuration information and establish a communication session, and also allows the second and third devices to interact with each other regarding device power and/or configuration information. Communicating and establishing a communication session 'This all causes the first and second devices to associate the third communication device with a communication intermediate to establish a communication session. Thus, via the use of beacon messaging, a special network can be established between devices, and devices that do not use beacon transmissions will generally be able to establish communication sessions and allow for on-premises and device capabilities and agreements without interaction. A special network of communications in a widely variable area. For example, in the area where the first device supports beacon transmission and WiFi, the second device supports beacon transmission, the CDMA and Bluetooth, and the third device supports beacon transmission, WiFi, and CDMA, the first The second device can establish a communication session, each of the first and second devices individually communicating with the third device using the beacon transmission to establish a higher layer communication link, thereby enabling the third device to act as the first and the second A communication intermediate between two devices. The use of the beacon signal allows the third device to know the first and second devices and their capabilities such that they can establish an appropriate higher layer communication link between the second devices such that between the first and first devices The peer communication session is possible. Thus, it allows for sufficient communication between the devices to establish a communication session whereby the first device uses WiFi to communicate user data as part of the communication session between the first and third devices, and The second device communicates between the second and third devices using CDMA, wherein the third device acts as a communication intermediate for the communication session between the first and second devices. The use of beacons allows the establishment of such networks on a special basis. The same or different frequency bands can be used with each of the first, second and third protocols. For example, 'beacon transmission can occur in the first frequency band, and OFDM and CDMA can occur in the second and third frequency bands, respectively. In other embodiments, the beacon transmission is performed in the same frequency band as the frequency band used for the second and/or third communication protocol. 151133.doc -10· 201112684 ... a variety of θ application towels, the device supports cooperative operation mode and non-cooperative operation. In the case of a cooperative mode of operation, the individual devices operate in a manner that would result in that & low pass, but generally tends to increase the overall passability of the system. In the case of a non-cooperative mode of operation, the device takes advantage of its communication performance regardless of the other devices it is not communicating with (eg, in terms of interference). Communication can be specified in a variety of ways. See the way based on overall data throughput. Therefore, in some of the modes, when in the non-cooperative mode, the communication device maximizes its data = throughput without considering the impact on other devices. The delay is sometimes also used as an indicator of efficiency: in some embodiments, the device operates in a non-cooperative mode to minimize its delay, regardless of the other devices. Minimizing the delay without regard to other devices may involve, for example, in the case where the expected transmission by another device is consistent, the transmission may be performed quickly rather than delayed until another device completes its transmission as Cooperative mode operations may involve power control and other interference management techniques, and in some cases may involve responding to resource configuration instructions (eg, from a US platform or other controller). When operating in the cellular mode, the cooperative mode operation is used in the example. The non-cooperative mode is used when in some implementations, the spectrum of the two = right and/or when operating in the presence of a communication device corresponding to another carrier or server. In one detail, when the first device uses the first communication protocol and the debt is measured and tries to use the first communication protocol, the communication is switched to the second communication device, but the device is not supported but can be used. A communication protocol with the same frequency band as the frequency band that the second communication device tries to use with the 151133.doc • 11 - 201112684. Therefore, the signal of the first communication device becomes interference with the second communication device, and the first communication device will not respond to the interference control signal corresponding to the first communication protocol from the second communication device because the first communication The device has intentionally switched to the second communication protocol. The first communication device can switch back to the first communication protocol when the second device leaves the zone. In some embodiments, the first and second communication protocols are WiFi and Bluetooth. In some embodiments, the device determines whether to cooperate in a cooperative manner in a non-cooperative manner based on whether the devices in a region are identified as being corresponding to the same communication carrier or different communication carriers. The decision to operate in a cooperative or non-cooperative manner may also be based on whether the devices in the area correspond to the same-service provider, owner or group, or whether the detected device attempting to share the spectrum corresponds to a different service provider, Owner or group. In the case of a non-cooperative mode of operation, a device operating in a non-cooperative mode of operation may transmit a signal intended to reduce the transmission and/or power level of the device in (4). This may involve transmitting control signals intended to induce other devices to reduce their transmission levels, and/or transmissions that are not intended to convey information but appear to interfere with other devices in the area (to cause other devices to reduce or modify their transmission for release) The signal of the spectrum of the device transmitting the signals. EXAMPLES Numerous additional features, benefits, and/or implementations are discussed in the following [Embodiment]. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary 逋k network implemented in accordance with various embodiments. Two exemplary wireless terminals (i.e., first wireless terminals 1〇2 and 151133.doc •12-201112684 second wireless terminal units 1〇4) are present in the geographic area ι6. For communication purposes, some frequency bands are available for use by two wireless terminals. The two wireless terminals use the available frequency bands to establish a point-to-point communication link between each other. Since a particular network may not have a network infrastructure, the wireless terminal may not have a common timing or frequency reference. This leads to some of the special networks that pick me up. To illustrate, consider how any of the terminals can detect the presence of another. For simplicity of description, it is assumed hereinafter that at a given time, the wireless terminal can transmit or receive, but not both transmit and receive. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can apply the same principle to the case where the terminal transmits and receives at the same time. Figure 2 includes a diagram 2B depicting a mechanism by which two wireless terminals can be used to discover each other. The first terminal transmits a signal in time interval 2〇2 and receives the signal in time interval 2〇4. At the same time, the second terminal machine • transmits a signal in time interval 206 and receives the signal in time interval 208. Note that if the first wireless terminal can transmit and receive simultaneously, the time intervals 202 and 204 can overlap each other. Note that since the two wireless terminals do not have a general timing reference, their TX (transmission) and RX (reception) timings are not synchronized. In particular, Figure 2 shows that time intervals 204 and 206 do not overlap. When the first wireless terminal is listening, the second wireless terminal does not transmit, and when the second wireless terminal transmits, the first wireless terminal does not listen. Therefore, the first wireless terminal does not detect the presence of the second wireless terminal. Similarly, the time interval 2〇2 does not overlap with 2(10) J51133.doc 201112684. Therefore, the existence of the second wireless device does not detect that the first wireless terminal has a way to overcome the above-mentioned misunderstanding problem. The terminal can randomly perform τχ and in order, for example, the wireless terminal, two wireless terminals The machine will be probabilistically/intermediately 35, so that as time goes by. Missing, the cost is delay and corresponding.,,, and Ά RXis & φ ^ λ ^ In addition, the power consumption is also due to the power in the RX program. Requires cool - 疋. For example, less processing power can be required to detect another form of signal than to detect a form of k. An advantage of various embodiments is that the newly developed Heartbeat TX and RX programs are implemented and used to reduce the delay in detecting the presence of the other & and the associated power consumption. According to various examples, a wireless terminal transmits a special signal (referred to as a private signal) that occupies the J-knife rate of the total amount of available air link communication resources (for example, in some embodiments, More than 0.1%). In some example, air link communication resources are measured in terms of minimum or basic transmission units (e.g., OFDM carrier tone symbols in an OFDM system). In some embodiments, airlink communication resources may be measured in terms of degrees of freedom, where the degree of freedom is the smallest unit of resources available for communication. For example, in a CDMA system, the degree of freedom can be a spreading code, corresponding to a time period of a symbol period. Generally, the degrees of freedom in a given system are orthogonal to each other. An illustrative embodiment of a frequency division multiplexing system (e.g., an OFDM system) is contemplated. In this system, information is transmitted symbol by symbol. During the - symbol transmission period, 'all available bandwidths are divided into a number of carrier frequencies' 151133.doc 201112684 Each can be used to carry information. Figure 3 includes a drawing 300 showing the available resources in an exemplary OFDM system. The horizontal axis 3〇1 represents time, and the vertical axis 3〇2 represents frequency. Vertical lines represent each carrier tone in a given symbol period. Each small box 3〇4 represents a carrier tone symbol, which is a link poor source of a single carrier frequency in a single transmission symbol period. The minimum transmission unit in an OFDM symbol is a carrier tone symbol. The bracket signals include which are transmitted sequentially over time. A beacon signal burst includes a small number of beacon symbols. In this example, each beacon symbol burst (308, 310, 312) includes a beacon symbol and 19 nulls. In this example, each beacon number 1 is a single carrier tone within a transmission period. In some embodiments, the beacon signal burst includes the same carrier tone beacon symbol within a few transmission symbol periods (eg, or two symbol periods). Figure 3 shows three small black j' each of which - (306) represents a beacon symbol. In this case, the beacon symbol uses the air link resource of a carrier tone symbol, that is, a letter: transmission unit is a 〇FDM $ TF. In another embodiment, the carrier tone is transmitted in two consecutive symbol periods, and the signal transmission bit contains two adjacent 31 carrier tone symbols. The = signal occupies the call and part of all the minimum transmission units. The carrier frequency of the spectrum is not as good as that of the long time interval (example transmission unit 假设 assumes that the number of symbol periods is τ. Thus, the minimum is: the heart: the number is Ν * τ. According to various embodiments The number of carrier frequency symbols in the time interval is significantly less than ν*τ, 2 151133.doc -15· 201112684 in some embodiments does not exceed 0.1% of N*T. In some embodiments, the letter The carrier frequency of the beacon symbol in the signal burst is modulated from the burst change (frequency hopping) to another burst. According to various embodiments, the carrier frequency hopping pattern of the beacon symbol is a function of the wireless terminal, and It may be and sometimes used as an identification of the terminal or an identification of the type of the terminal. Generally, 3, by determining which minimum transmission unit transmits the beacon symbol, the information in the beacon signal can be decoded. For example, In addition to the carrier frequency hopping sequence, the information may include the frequency of the carrier frequency of the beacon symbol in a given beacon signal burst, the number of beacon symbols in a given burst, and the duration of the beacon signal burst. And/or within the interval between bursts. From the perspective of transmission power, The beacon signal can also be characterized. According to various embodiments, the transmission power of the beacon signal per minimum transmission unit is much higher than the average transmission of the data and control signals per degree of freedom when the terminal transmitter is in the normal data session. Power (e.g., at least 10 dB above it in some embodiments). According to some embodiments, the transmission power of the beacon signal per minimum transmission unit is greater than the degree of freedom of the terminal transmitter when it is in the normal data session. The average transmission power of the data and control signals is at least 16 dB high. For example, the graph 400 of Figure 4 plots each of the carrier frequency symbols in the phase (long) interval (eg, - or two seconds). The transmission power used in one, in which the wireless terminal is in the data session, that is, the terminal uses the relevant spectrum to transmit data and control information. & This discussion, the order of these carrier symbols ( Not indicated by the horizontal axis 4〇1) The smaller vertical rectangle 404 represents the power of the individual carrier tone symbols for transmitting user data and/or control information. The rectangle 4〇6 extends 151133.doc -16 - 201112684 does not standardize the power of the tone symbol. In another embodiment, the 'beacon signal includes a sequence of beacon signals that are transmitted in intermittent time periods. A beacon signal burst includes one or more (v-number) hop field pulses. The time domain pulse signal is a special signal that reports a small number of transmission durations over a certain spectral bandwidth. For example, the available frequency sees ' In a 30 kHz communication system, the time-honored signal occupies a significant portion of 30 bandwidths for a short duration. In any fairly long time interval, such as 'several seconds, the total duration of the time domain pulse The time is always - a small part of the last two (for example, 'in some implementations does not exceed Qi%). The two veins: the transmission power of each degree of freedom in the time interval of the signal; the field transmitter is in the general information meeting Each time in the middle of the period (for example, 'in some realities is higher than the second = W in the time interval of transmitting the pulse signal than when the transmitter is in the normal data. The degree of each degree of freedom = two rate rate is at least 16 dB. The average transmission of the Tiandu Figure 4 shows that the carrier tone symbol is different from the other. Pavg indicates the Y transmission power per carrier tone symbol. In various embodiments, the carrier signal has a carrier frequency = rate (total). According to (for example, above its dB). The transmission power ratio is higher than the transmission power ratio p t per carrier frequency. In the poor case, the beacon signal embodiment, the beacon signal is at least 16 dB every two. In - instantiated 20 dB. The trimming symbol transmission power is higher than Pavg. In one embodiment, the transmission power is constant for the _ tone symbol = 疋 terminal, per carrier frequency of the beacon signal. That is, the power does not change with time or with the carrier frequency I51133.doc 201112684. In another embodiment, each of the terminals in the network) has the same transmission power. For a plurality of terminals (or even a beacon signal per carrier tone symbol, Figure 5 of the diagram 500 illustrates the transmission of beacon signals - an embodiment.

The terminal machine continues to transmit the beacon signal burst (for example, the beacon signal burst A 502, the heartbeat burst B 5 〇, ^ 1 〇 know 彳. 唬 发 C C 506, etc.), even == terminal It is determined that there are no other terminals nearby or even if the terminal has detected other terminals and may even have established a communication link with it. The terminal transmits the beacon signal bursts in an intermittent (i.e., non-continuous) manner such that there are many symbol periods between the bursts of consecutive beacon signals. - generally, the duration of the speech signal burst is much shorter than the symbol period of the number between two consecutive beacons (eg, in some embodiments less than at least 50 times), The symbol period is expressed as l 5〇5. In one embodiment, the value of L is fixed and ambiguous, in which case the beacon signal is periodic. In a 4b silk thread, you swear + recognize & I I, for example, for each of the terminals, [the values are the same and known. In another embodiment, the value of L varies over time', e.g., depending on the shape or in a random pattern. By way of example, t, the number may be a number distributed between constants Lg#Li, for example, a random number. Figure 600 of Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which received beacon signal bursts may occur during some specified time interval and at other times the receiver is turned off to save power. The wireless terminal listens to the associated spectrum and attempts to detect a beacon (4) that can be transmitted by a different terminal. The wireless terminal can be continuously in the listening mode for a time interval of several symbol periods, which is referred to as: the on time. The turn-on time 602 is followed by a turn-off time of 6〇6, and during a turn-off of 151133.doc -18-201112684 between 606, the wireless terminal* — is electrically pulled and does not receive any apostrophes. In this off time, in some embodiments = mail. == When the closing time 6 ° 6 ends, the terminal reverts to . . . = again starts detecting the beacon signal. Repeat the above procedure. Preferably, the on time interval is long. * One is shorter than the length of the interval between b and is less than the closing time interval. In the embodiment, each of the on-time intervals is the same, and the closing interval is long and the length is one. - The length of the person is also the same. Bu ^ a wireless terminal actually exists in the vicinity of the first wireless terminal, then off f1 #, (1) the length of the closing time interval depends on the first Mei measured another (second) no :: wireless end, ? The delay of the existence of the machine is ambiguous. The length of the on-time interval is judged by ^ A _ ^ * to cause the first wireless terminal device to have a large probability of detecting -^ v h bursts in the on-time interval. In a consistent example, the length of the interval between the green and the green is a function of the duration between a beacon signal 〗 〖, ’’ time and the continuous beacon signal burst to ^. For example, the length of the on-time interval to /' is the sum of the value of the k-signal burst value W 4 ± β + the duration between the known pass and the continuous beacon signal burst. - Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating how the terminal (4) the second terminal exists when the two terminals use the beacon signal transmission and reception procedures according to various embodiments. The mountain ruler axis 701 does not show time. The first wireless terminal device is in front of the second wireless terminal unit 724; The first wireless terminal 720 uses the transmitter 722 to begin transmitting beacon signals (which include a sequence of beacon signal bundles 151133.doc • 19· 201112684 710 712, 714, etc.). The second wireless terminal 724 outputs % after the first wireless terminal 720 has transmitted 71 丛. It is assumed that the second wireless terminal "the receiver 726" begins to turn on the time interval 7〇2. Note that the on-time is sufficiently large to cover the transmission duration of the beacon signal burst 712 and between the bursts 712 and 714. The duration of the second wireless terminal 724 can be detected by the second wireless terminal 724 at the on-time interval 〇 2 _ the presence of the signal burst 71 2 to make the first and second wireless terminals (720, 724) There is no general timing reference. The embodiment of the exemplary state diagram 800 implemented in a wireless terminal is implemented in accordance with various embodiments. When the wireless terminal is powered on, the wireless terminal enters state 802, where the terminal The machine determines the start time of the beacon signal burst under transmission. In addition, the wireless terminal determines the start time of the next on time interval of the receiver. The 5H wireless terminal may and in some embodiments does use - a transmitter timer and a receiver timer to manage the start time of the wireless terminal waiting until any timer expires. Note that any timer may expire instantaneously, & meaning that after powering up , The wireless terminal will transmit or detect the beacon signal bursting. After the expiration of the ten-hour device, the terminal will enter the state. The '': line, and the machine decides to include the tone of the tone that will be used by the burst. The signal form and the transmission of the > (5 shows the nickname burst. Once the transmission is made, the terminal returns to the state 8 〇 2. After the expiration of the scorpion, the wireless terminal enters the state. _. The wireless terminal is in listening mode and searches for beacon signal bursts. 151133.doc .20- 201112684 If the wireless terminal has not found the beacon signal burst when the connection time interval ends, the wireless terminal returns In the case of the wireless terminal detecting the new beacon signal of the wireless terminal, if the wireless terminal t wants to cooperate with the new (10) terminal (4), the service terminal goes to the state. 808. In state 808, the wireless terminal selects the timing and/or frequency of the new wireless terminal from the detected beacon signal, and then synchronizes its own timing and/or frequency with the new wireless terminal. For example, wireless terminals can be used in time and / or the (four) target position on the frequency, as the basis for the timing phase and / or frequency of the new wireless terminal. This information can be used to synchronize the two wireless terminals. - Once the synchronization is completed, the wireless terminal can be used. The additional signal is sent to the new terminal (81G) and the communication link is established. The wireless terminal and the new benefit line terminal are followed by the mosquito-series (four) letter period. #减终端机 has ==terminal When establishing a communication link, the terminal should continue to transmit beacon signals intermittently, so that other terminals (for example, new wireless terminals) can

4 Measure the wireless terminal. In addition, in some embodiments, the wireless terminal continues to periodically enter a time interval to detect a new wireless terminal. • A detailed description of an exemplary wireless terminal device (e.g., 'portable sway node) implemented in accordance with various embodiments is provided. The exemplary wireless terminal 900 depicted in Figure 9 is a detailed illustration of a device that can be used as any of the terminals 1〇2 and ι4 depicted in Figure 4 . In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the terminal device 9 includes: a processor 〇4, a wireless I panel group 930, a user wheel input/output interface 940, and a memory 15I133. Doc 201112684 910. Thus, via the busbar 90, various components of the terminal 900 can exchange for poor traffic, signals, and data. The components 9〇4, 9〇6, 91〇, 930, 940 of the terminal 9 are located inside the casing 9〇2. The wireless communication interface module 93 provides a mechanism by which internal components of the wireless terminal 900 can transmit signals to and from the external device and to another wireless terminal. The wireless communication interface module 930 includes, for example, a receiver module 932 coupled to the duplexer 938 and a transmitter module 934 having a wireless terminal 9 for example, via a wireless communication channel. 〇 is connected to the antenna %6 of other terminals. The exemplary wireless terminal unit 9 also includes a user input device 942 (eg, a keypad) and a user output device 944 (eg, a display), and the user input device 942 and the user output device 944 are provided to the user. The input/rounding interface 940 is coupled to the busbar 9〇6. Thus, user input/output device 942 944 can exchange information, signals, and data with other components of the terminal device via user input/output interface 94 and bus. The user input/output interface 940 and associated devices 942, 944 provide a mechanism by which the user can operate the wireless terminal 9 to perform various tasks. In detail, the user input device 942 and the user output device 9 provide an application (eg, a module, a module, that allows the user to control the wireless terminal 9 and execute in the memory 910 of the wireless terminal 9 The functionality of the program 'normals and/or functions'. The processor 904 under the control of various modules (e.g., conventional) included in the memory 910 controls the operation of the wireless terminal 900 to perform various signaling and processing. The pull group included in 15H33.d〇c-22-201112684:, 10 is executed when starting up or when calling by other modules. When executed, modules can exchange data, information and when the lights are on, the modules can also share information and information. In Fig. 9, the memory 910 of the exemplary wireless terminal 900 includes a signaling/control module 912 and a signaling/control data 914. The dedicated L/control module arbitrarily controls the processing associated with receiving and transmitting signals (eg, messages) for managing status information storage 'operations and processing. The communication/control data is called status information, for example, the parameter 'status and/or other information related to the operation of the terminal. In detail, the 'message/control data 914 includes beacon signal configuration information 916 (eg, symbol period, 1 will transmit beacon signals bursting and will use a signal form that includes a frequency carrier tone modulated beacon signal burst) And the receiver on time and off time configuration information 918 (eg, the start and end times of the on time interval). The module 912 can modify and/or modify the data 914, such as 'update configuration information... and Sichuan. And 912 also includes a module 9" for generating and transmitting beacon signal bursts, a module 913 for detecting beacon signal bursts, and for judging and/or implementing the team and/or The frequency synchronization information is used as a synchronization module 915 for receiving the function of the beacon signal information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a flow diagram of an example of an operational-portable wireless terminal in accordance with various embodiments. The operation of the exemplary method begins in step 1 〇 02, in which the wireless terminal is powered on and initialized and proceeds to step delete. In the step, the wireless terminal is operative to transmit the beacon signal and the user profile during the first time interval. Step ι 4 includes sub-step 1006 and sub-steps 1 〇〇 8. In the sub-step coffee, the wireless terminal is operated to transmit the beacon signal of the beacon signal clustered in n sequence 151133.doc • 23· 201112684, and each- or more beacon symbols, each-beacon ride: The standard signal burst includes one bit, in Ir, the occupation-beacon symbol transmission unit, and is transmitted during the mother-in-one private payment. In various embodiments, the transmission of the beacon signal is transmitted == symbol ° In the symbolic data available, the beacon symbol transmission unit does not have a nuclear beacon + 10 percent. In an example, the parent of the beacon signal transmitted in the sequence of the beacon signal Φ ^ ^ ^ π. has the same period. In the embodiment, at least the same length of the beacon signal burst transmitted in the burst of the sequence. The second/, sub-step 1006 includes sub-steps 101n. ^ ^ , , ^ .. ^ 〇. In sub-step 1〇1〇, the wireless terminal computer transmits the known 1° 唬 bursts, or two of the beacon signals in the sequence of the beacon signals. The time period between the 5 唬 bursts is 5 times that of the duration of the two adjacent letters of the singer 5 of the sisters of the “W-keys. In some embodiments, __ Τ is the first time During the period of time, the time between the bursts of signal bursts occurs in a periodically occurring beacon letter during the first time period. In some of these realities. The duration of the beacon signal burst during the time period is constant. In this case, according to a predetermined pattern, the time interval between the beacon signal bursts occurring during the first time period is The beacon signal that occurs during the sixth time period is bursty and varies. In some such embodiments, the duration of the beacon signal burst during the first time period is quirky. In some embodiments Medium, the predetermined style varies depending on the wireless terminal that performs the transmission step. For example, for all wireless terminals in the system, the predetermined pattern is the same. In some embodiments, the pattern is a pseudo-random pattern. In sub-step 1008, the wireless terminal is operated Transmitting user data during a first time interval, the user data being transmitted using data symbols transmitted at an average power level per symbol, the average power level per symbol being greater than the beacon symbol transmitted during the first time interval The average per-beacon symbol power level is at least 5 percent lower. In some embodiments, each beacon 5 tiger average per-symbol transmission power level is used to transmit data during the first time period. The average symbol-to-symbol transmission power level of the symbol is at least dB. In the case of some implementations, the average per-symbol transmission power of a beacon symbol is greater than the average symbol per symbol used to transmit data during the first time period. The transmission power level is at least dB6 dB. In various embodiments, the 〇FDM carrier tone symbols are used to transmit beacon symbols, the beacon symbols comprising a plurality of beacon symbols The carrier frequency of the transmission resource used by the wireless terminal during the time period of the burst is: 1. In some of these embodiments, the beacon signal is included::: even: the beacon signal bursts The interval between the intervals of the interval, the beacon symbol occupies less than 5% of the carrier frequency modulation symbol. The knife is deleted in the sub-step, in some embodiments, in the 哕坌..., deep ~ 鳊 machine The operation transmits user data over at least 1% of the carrier tone symbols used by the wireless terminal during the first time period.: In the second embodiment, at the first time Zhou Wei - The time is adjusted like Zhan Du + This is the 4th of the birth of the K-cluster' 'Temple, Ge time than in the first time of the week, the letter is for the lack of 4 4 consecutive "between" The time period of occurrence is at least 5 times shorter. In some embodiments the 'fourth type wireless terminal' includes a transmitter transmitting the beacon signal and using a resource of a combination of frequency and time to deliver the beacon signal. In some embodiments, the portable wireless terminal includes a CD transmitter that transmits the beacon signal and uses a resource that is a combination of code and time to deliver the beacon signal. Figure 11 is a flow diagram 1100 of an exemplary method of selecting a 4S » «: π ladder as a portable wireless terminal (e.g., a "battery-powered mobile node") in accordance with various embodiments. Operation begins in step 1102, where the portable wireless terminal is turned on and initialized. Operation proceeds from start step (10) to step 1104, in which the portable wireless terminal is operative to transmit a beacon signal comprising a sequence of beacon signal bursts, each beacon symbol burst comprising one or more Each beacon symbol, each beacon symbol occupies a beacon symbol transmission unit, and transmits one or more beacon symbols during each burst. In this case, the ==2' uses the 0FDM carrier tone symbol to transmit the beacon symbol, and the #4 tag symbol includes multiple transmission industries I + i B, and the wireless terminal uses the transmission time 5 LB ' Fs (four) (4) occupies less than J percent of the grading symbols of the source. The operation proceeds from step U04 to step 11〇6. In step 1106, the portable helmet is configured to transmit user data at least a percentage of the carrier frequency modifier used by the wireless terminal during a plurality of time periods. In an example, the time period of the cycle is such that the two cycles are at least 50 times shorter during the time period. Continuation of the time between the W signal bursts. Figure 12 is an exemplary method for a portable wireless terminal (eg, 51133.doc -26 · 201112684, for example, a battery-powered mobile node). Flowchart of Figure 12〇〇. The operation begins in step 1201, wherein the no-line terminal is powered on and is throttled from the start step 1201 to step 202. In step 1202, the wireless terminal checks whether the wireless terminal will transmit the beacon signal to the right. Determining in step (4) 2 that the wireless terminal device will transmit a beacon signal, for example, 'the wireless terminal device is in an operation mode or an operation state in which the wireless terminal device transmits the beacon signal, then the operation proceeds from step 12〇2 to step 12〇4;

Then the operation returns to the input of step 12 () 2 to determine whether the transmission will be heart-to-hearted. In step 1204, the wireless terminal checks if it is time to transmit the beacon signal burst. If it is determined in the step job that the time of transmitting the beacon signal burst is sent, then the operation proceeds to step (4) 〇 6, in the step coffee, the wireless (four) machine transmits - the beacon signal including - or a plurality of beacon symbols , per-beacon symbol occupies - beacon symbol transmission unit. Operation proceeds from step (10) to step 1202. If it is determined in the step pair that the time for transmitting the beacon signal has not been transmitted, the operation proceeds to step 12〇8'. In the step, the wireless terminal determines whether the potential user data has been transmitted to the 夕拉门竹1 Time is embarrassing. If it is determined in step 1208 that the time is configured for potential use, the user is inferior to the transmission, then the operation proceeds from step 1208 to step 121, and no more than 4 mouth & 1208 proceeds to step 1202.一 一 愐 愐 愐 愐 愐 愐 愐 愐 使用者 使用者 使用者 使用者If the wireless terminal broadcasts the user data, the speaker transmits the user profile, and the process proceeds from step 1210 to step 1212. In step 1212, the wireless device 151133.doc -27-201112684 uses - average The symbolic power level transmits the data symbol and transmits the user's education. The average per-symbol power level is at least 5 percent lower than the beacon symbol power level of the beacon symbol transmitted by the wireless terminal. Hey. If it is determined in step 1210 that the wireless terminal will not transmit the user data at this time, for example, 'the wireless terminal does not reserve the user data waiting to be transmitted and/or the peer node to which the wireless terminal wants to send the data is not prepared. To receive the user data, the operation returns to step 12〇2. 13 is a flow diagram of an exemplary method of operating a portable wireless terminal (e.g., a battery powered mobile node) in accordance with various embodiments. Operation begins in step 1302 where the wireless terminal is powered on and initialized. The operation proceeds from the start step 13G2 to the step i, the decoration, the 1308, the connection node A 131 (), and the connection node b 13 仏. The step 1304 is executed on the basis of the advancement, the wireless terminal tracks the timing, and outputs the current time information 13 14. When the arrow bS·pq times, the 贝3B 13 13 identifies the index value in the cyclic timing structure used by the wireless terminal, for example. At step 306, the wireless terminal determines whether the wireless terminal will transmit a number. The wireless terminal uses the mode and/or status information 1316 and/or the priority information 13 18 to determine whether the wireless terminal will transmit the beacon letter ~# in step 13G6 the wireless terminal determines that the wireless terminal will transmit the 仏W number' Then the operation proceeds to step 132, where the wireless terminal sets the beacon action flag 1324. However, if the wireless terminal determines in step 13 that the wireless terminal will not transmit the beacon signal, then operation proceeds to step 1322, where the ATM clears the beacon flag 1324 at step 1322 t. The operation returns from step 1320 or step 1322 to step 151133.doc -28· 201112684 step 1306. In step 13〇6, the wireless terminal again tests whether a beacon signal will be transmitted. In v13G8, the wireless terminal The machine determines whether to clear the wireless terminal for data transmission. The wireless terminal uses mode and/or status information (4), priority information 1328, and/or peer node information (1) q (for example, information that the wireless terminal can receive and can receive user data) to determine whether to clear the wireless The terminal is used for data transmission. If the wireless terminal determines in step 1308 that the wireless terminal is cleared to transmit the user profile, then operation proceeds to step 1332, in which the wireless terminal transmits a flag 1336. However, if the wireless terminal decides not to clear the wireless terminal for user data transmission in the step of deleting, the operation proceeds to step 1334, in which the wireless terminal/month divides the data transmission flag 1336. The operation returns from step 1332 or step (3) to step 13G8, wherein the line terminal again tests whether the wireless terminal is cleared for data transmission. / Return to connection node A 1310, operation proceeds from connection node VIII 131 to step 1338. In step 1338, the wireless terminal checks the current time information 13 14 疋 whether the beacon burst interval is not related to the time structure information 134, and whether the beacon target flag 1324 is not present. If the time indicates that it is the beacon interval and the beacon action flag is set, then operation proceeds from step 1338 to step 1342; otherwise the operation returns to the test of step 1338 to perform another test of the condition. >> In step 1342, the 'wireless terminal machine generates a beacon signal bursting the beacon signal burst including - or a plurality of beacon symbols, each - beacon symbol occupying -: 151133.doc -29- 201112684 symbol transmission The wireless terminal uses the current time information 1314 and the stored beacon signal definition information 1344 to generate a beacon signal burst. The beacon signal definition information U44 includes, for example, a burst signal definition f and/or style information. In some embodiments, the beacon signal bursting information includes identifying, within a set of potential _carrier tone symbols that can be used to carry the beacon symbol, for transmitting a beacon burst signal corresponding to the generated signal for the wireless terminal. Information on a subset of OFDM-carrier symbols of a beacon symbol. In some embodiments, a carrier-tone subset of a beacon signal burst may and sometimes from a k-signal in the same beacon signal Up to the next beacon signal burst, for example, according to a predetermined frequency hopping pattern. In some embodiments, the beacon signal information includes identifying a beacon carrier tone symbol to be transmitted by the generated beacon burst signal. Modulator Information on values. In some embodiments, the sequence of beacon signals is used to define a beacon (for example, 斜寺# {LJ〇U.. U 夕如) for a particular wireless terminal. Signal. In some embodiments, the pattern is used to define a beacon signal, for example, a particular pattern within the beacon burst signal. Operation proceeds from step U42 to step 1346, at In step 1346, the wireless terminal transmits the generated beacon burst signal. The wireless terminal uses the stored beacon symbol power level information 1348 to determine the transmission of the beacon symbol in the transmitted beacon burst signal. The power level is then passed from step ΐ3_ to step 1338. Returning to the connection node Β 1312, the operation proceeds from the connection node Β 1312 to step 1350. In step (4) 5G, the wireless terminal checks whether the current time information 1314 indicates the time structure. Information 134 〇 资料 资料 资料 是否 是否 是否 是否 疋 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 For data transmission interval, setting data transmission flag 1336 and the wireless terminal has data waiting to be transmitted, the operation proceeds from step 135 to step 1354; otherwise, the operation returns to the input of step 1350 to perform another test of the condition. In step 1354, the wireless terminal generates a signal including user data %. The user profile 1356 includes, for example, audio, video, file and/or text data/information intended for the peer of the wireless terminal. Operation proceeds from step 1354 to step 1358, in which the wireless terminal transmission includes signals indicative of the generation of user data. The wireless terminal uses the stored user data symbol power level information 136 to determine the transmission power level of the user data to be transmitted. Operation proceeds from step (1) 8 to step 1350, in which the wireless terminal performs a check associated with user data transfer. In the ☆ Beishi example, the number of beacons within the beacon signal bursts occupies less than 1% of the available beacon symbol transmission units... in various realities. The user data symbol is transmitted at an average power per symbol level. "The average power per symbol is at least 5 percent lower than the average power per beacon symbol of the transmitted beacon symbol. θ is based on The illustrative embodiment illustrates a diagram of an exemplary beacon transmission from a portable wireless terminal, in this embodiment, repeating the same beacon burst signal (beacon burst) between non-lettering intervals Each ϋ = burst includes one or more beacon symbols, each - beacon symbol occupies the 'receipt transmission unit' in one or more of each beacon signal; ^ 1 t not + ^. (For example, 〇FDM carrier frequency modulation) is plotted on the vertical axis [151133, doc • 31 · 201112684 1402] and the time is plotted on the horizontal axis 1404. The following sequence is illustrated in the diagram 1400: including the beacon burst 1 signal 丨4〇6 beacon burst 1 signal interval, non-cluster interval 14〇8, including beacon cluster i signal 141〇 beacon burst 1 signal interval, non-cluster interval M12, including beacon burst 1 Signal 丨414 beacon burst Hs interval, non-cluster interval 丨4丨6, including beacon burst 1 signal 1 The beacon of 418 sends 1 signal interval and non-cluster interval 〇 42 〇. In this example, 'each beacon burst signal (14 0 6,141 0,141 4,141 8) corresponds to a beacon signal (1422, 1424, 1426, 1428). Further, in this example, each beacon burst signal (1422, 1424, 1426, 1428) is _ the same; each beacon burst signal includes the same beacon Figure 14 also includes a diagram 1450 illustrating an exemplary beacon transmission from a portable wireless terminal, wherein the beacon signal includes a composite signal of a sequence of beacon burst signals. The transmitter includes one or more beacon symbols, each beacon symbol occupies a beacon symbol transmission unit, and transmits one or more beacon symbols during each beacon signal burst. Frequency (eg, OFDM carrier tone) Draw on vertical axis 1452, and time is plotted on horizontal axis 1454. The following sequence is illustrated in Figure 1450: Beacon burst 1 signal call 1456 beacon burst 1 signal interval, non-cluster interval 1458, including Beacon burst 2 signal 1460 beacon burst 2 signal interval, non-cluster interval 1462 Including the beacon burst 3 signal 1464 beacon burst 3 signal interval, non-cluster interval 1466, beacon burst 1 signal 1468 beacon burst 1 signal interval, non-cluster interval 1470. In this example The beacon signal 1472 is a composite signal including a beacon burst 1 signal 1456, a beacon burst 2 signal 1460, and a beacon burst 3 signal 1464. Further, in this example, each beacon burst signal 151133. Doc -32- 201112684 (beacon beacon 1 signal M56, beacon burst 2 signal 1460, beacon burst 3 number 1464) are different; for example, 'each beacon burst signal does not correspond to the other A set of beacon symbols that match any of the two beacon bursts. In some embodiments, the beacon symbol occupies 0-3 of a percentage of radio resources including a beacon signal burst and an interval between successive beacon signal bursts. In some such embodiments, the beacon symbol occupies the -beacon

The signal burst and a radio resource between the bursts of continuous beacon signals are less than 0.1%. In some embodiments, the radio resource includes a set of 〇 m m m 载 载 对应 对应 对应 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图Different beacon signals of the burst signal. Different beacon signals transmitted from the wireless terminal may and sometimes are used for wireless terminal identification. For example, consider a diagram 1500 that includes an illustration of a beacon burst signal associated with wireless terminal set A, and Figure 155A includes an illustration of a beacon burst signal associated with the wireless terminal set (10). The legend corresponds to Figure 15〇〇, and the legend 1552 corresponds to Figure 155〇. m vv 1 _ ^ «Mouth muscle, part green 1510 denotes a beacon symbol transmission unit, and uppercase letter B 1512 denotes a beacon symbol transmitted by a beacon transmission unit. In Figure 15〇〇, vertical [S] represents the frequency (for example, 〇FDM carrier frequency index), and horizontal axis P represents the beacon transmission unit time index in the beacon burst signal. Exhaustion 仏 includes _ _ a beacon symbol transmission unit 151 〇. These beacons 151133.doc • 33· 201112684 Transmission Units & + Both carry a beacon symbol B 1 5 12 . First beacon ~, frequency index __3 and time index; second beacon symbol has frequency

Index = 9 in time to ask 21, L '' bow = 6. No other beacon symbol transmission units are used. In this example, the transmitted symbol is transmitted using 2% of the transmission resource of the beacon burst. In some embodiments, the beacon symbol occupies less than 1 〇〇 of the transmission resource of the beacon burst. . The legend 1552 indicates that with respect to the WT 信 beacon burst signal, the grid box 151^0 indicates not one beacon symbol transmission unit, and the uppercase letter b be indicates the beacon symbol transmitted by the U transmission unit. In Equation 1 550, the vertical axis .1504 represents the frequency (eg, 〇FDM carrier frequency index), while the horizontal axis ^% 八 L 钛 丛 发 信 信 信 信 信 信 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。. Beacon C# 1558 includes 100 beacon transmission units of 151〇. Each of the beacons 5 tiger transmission units carries a beacon symbol B 15丨2, the first beacon symbol has a frequency index=3 and a time index=2; the second beacon symbol has a frequency index-7 and Time index = 6. No other beacon symbol transmission units are used. Therefore, in this example, the "is symbol is transmitted using 2% of the transmission resource of the beacon burst. Figure 16 is a diagram 16A and a corresponding legend 1602 illustrating features of some embodiments, wherein the k-symbol transmission unit includes a plurality of OFDM symbol transmission units. In this example, a beacon symbol transmission unit occupies two adjacent OFDM symbol transmission units. In other embodiments, a beacon symbol transmission unit occupies a different number of OFDM transmission units (e.g., 3 or 4). For example, if the precise timing and/or frequency synchronization between the wireless terminals may not exist, using multiple OFDM transmission units for the beacon symbol transmission. This feature of the 15.12133.doc 201112684 bit may be helpful to the beacon. Easy detection of signals. In some embodiments, the beacon symbol includes an initial beacon symbol portion followed by an extended beacon symbol portion. For example, the initial beacon symbol portion includes a loop preamble portion followed by a body portion, and the extended beacon symbol portion is a continuation of the body portion. The legend 1602 illustrates that for the exemplary beacon burst signal 161, the 〇fdm transmission unit is represented by a square frame 1612, and the beacon symbol transmission unit is represented by a rectangular frame 1614 having a thick boundary. The capital letter Bs 1616 represents the beacon symbol transmitted by the beacon transmission unit. In the equation 1600, the vertical axis 1604 represents the frequency (eg, 〇fdm carrier frequency index). The towel horizontal axis 1606 represents the beacon transmission unit time index 'in the beacon burst signal and the horizontal axis 1608 represents the beacon burst. The time interval index of the ugly symbol within the signal. The beacon burst signal coffee includes just one OFDM symbol transmission unit 1612 and 5 () beacon symbol transmission units (6) 4. Two of these beacon transmission units carry a beacon symbol (10). The first beacon symbol has frequency index = 3 'beacon transmission unit time index = 〇, and _ time index; second beacon symbol has frequency index = 9' beacon transmission unit time index = 3 ' and 〇 FDM time index Bubzi uses other beacon symbols to transmit units. Thus, in this example, 45% of the transmission resources of the beacon burst are used to transmit the beacon symbols. In some embodiments, the four-symbol symbol occupies insufficient transmission resources for the beacon burst. The figure is a diagram for explaining an exemplary target signal including a sequence of beacon burst signals and illustrating the timing relationship of some embodiments. FIG. 1700 includes a representation frequency (eg, '0FDM carrier frequency index). The vertical axis [S3 151133.doc • 35- 201112684 1702, while the horizontal axis 1704 represents time. The exemplary beacon signal of Figure 17A includes the beacon burst 1 signal 1706, the beacon burst 2 signal 1708, and the beacon burst 3 signal 1710. The exemplary beacon signal of Figure 17 is ( For example, the composite beacon signal 1472 of the pattern 1450 of FIG. The beacon burst signal 1706 includes two beacon symbols 17〇7; the beacon burst 2k number 1708 includes two beacon symbols 17〇9; the beacon burst 3 signal 171〇 includes two beacon symbols 1711. In this example, the beacon symbols in each burst occur in different beacon transmission unit locations in the time/frequency grid. Moreover, in this example, the change in position is based on a predetermined carrier frequency hopping sequence. Along the time axis 1 704 'there is a letter corresponding to the beacon burst 1 signal 丨7〇6, showing the burst time 1 #号 time interval τΒ1 1712, followed by the time interval TBBm 1718 between bursts, followed by Beacon burst 2 signal 17〇8 beacon bundle 2 § § time interval τΒ2 1714, followed by time interval between bursts Tbbw 1720 'then beacon corresponding to beacon burst 3 signal 171〇 Crowd 3 signal time interval TBS 171 6. In this example, the time between beacon bursts is at least 5 times greater than the time of adjacent bursts. For example, TbbwM Tbi and Tbb1/2>5 tB2; TBB2/3>5 TB2 and ΤΒΒ2/325 τΒ3. In this example, each of the beacon bursts (1706, 1708, 1710) has the same duration, for example, ΤΒ1 = ΤΒ2 = ΤΒ3. 18 is a diagram for illustrating an exemplary beacon signal including a sequence of beacon burst signals and illustrating timing relationships for some embodiments. FIG. 1800 includes representation of frequencies (eg, 〇FDM carrier frequency). The vertical axis 1802 of the index is indexed, while the horizontal axis 1804 represents time. The exemplary beacon letter of Figure 18 151133.doc • 36-201112684 includes beacon burst 1 signal 1806, beacon burst 2 signal 1808, and beacon burst 3 signal 1810. The exemplary beacon signal of diagram 1800 is, for example, the composite beacon signal 1472 of diagram 1450 of FIG. The beacon burst signal 1806 includes two beacon symbols 1807; the beacon burst signal 1808 includes two beacon symbols 18〇9; the beacon burst signal 1810 includes two beacon symbols 1811. In this example, the beacon symbols in each burst occur in different beacon transmission unit positions in the time/frequency grid. In addition, in this example, the change in position is based on a predetermined carrier frequency hopping sequence. Along the time axis 丨8〇4, there is a corresponding bundle of beacons! The signal i 8 〇 6 beacon burst 1 signal time interval Tbi 丨 812, followed by the time interval between bursts TBBm 1818 ' followed by the beacon burst 2 signal interval corresponding to the beacon burst 2 signal 1808 Β2 ι814, followed by the time interval between bursts

Tbw/3 1820, followed by a beacon burst corresponding to the beacon burst 3 signal 181 3 3 signal time interval Τβ3 1816. In this example, the time between beacon bursts is at least 5 times greater than the time of adjacent bursts. For example, τββι/2>5

Bi and TBB 丨/2>5 τΒ2, τΒΒ2/3>5 τΒ2 and TBB2/3^: 5 TB3. In this example, each of the 'beacon bursts (1806, 1808, 1810) has a different duration 'e.g., TB#TB2 equation TB#TB1. In some embodiments, at least two of the beacon bursts in the composite beacon signal have different durations. Figure 19 is a diagram showing an exemplary air link resource segmented by a wireless terminal in an operational mode in which a wireless terminal transmits a beacon signal. The vertical axis 1902 represents the frequency (e.g., 〇 FD carrier frequency modulation), while the horizontal axis 斗 斗 斗 151133.doc -37- 201112684 shows the time. In this example, there is a beacon transit resource 19〇6, followed by a resource 1908 for the pot, then a resource 19〇6 for the beacon, followed by a 2^ resource read followed by a beacon transmission resource 19(10), Then, in order to use the resource 1908", then the beacon transmission resource 19〇6", and then the other use resource 19〇8". The beacon transmission resource of Figure 19 corresponds to, for example, the beacon burst of Figure ,, while the other usage resources of Figure 9 correspond to, for example, the non-cluster interval. 20 depicts an exemplary other usage resource (eg, resource_) for an exemplary mode of operation of a wireless terminal (eg, an active mode of operation) in which the wireless terminal transmits a beacon signal and can receive and == Make 1 resource 2_ appear in non-cluster room _ wide / 'monitor Gongyuan 2004, user data transmission / receiving shell and silence or unused resources. The beacon monitoring resource listens to the lack of link in the middle of the link (for example, the combination of frequency and time), wherein the benefit line is machine (for example) from other wireless terminals and/or fixed bits: = other beacon signals are measured Existence. User data; =: Inappropriate link lean source (for example, the frequency and time group can transmit user data and / or receive use:, the second resource _ indicates unused air link resources ( For example, I;: :: the terminal does not receive or transmit.) During the quiet resource: the consumption is reduced to save the energy when the energy is saved. In this state, the power consumption map 21 wireless terminal transmits the signal identifier. The mode of operation, for example, the inactive mode and the mode in action, the pattern 151133.doc -38- 201112684 and the pattern 2150 corresponds to the 2100 corresponding to the exemplary inactive mode of operation In operation mode. In the exemplary inactive mode of operation, the wireless terminal does not transmit or receive user data. In Figure 2 (10), the air link resources used by the wireless terminal occupy N carrier frequencies. 〇 8. In some embodiments, where Han is greater than or equal to _ Hi, there is a corresponding duration

Tlina=ve 2110 beacon transmission burst resource 21〇2, followed by corresponding

The monitoring and receiving beacon information resource 21 of the duration T2inaetive 2 i! 2 is followed by the silence f source % with the corresponding duration heart 2114. In various embodiments t ' τ 丨 - < T2 丨 η ^ < Τ 3__. In some embodiments, T2inactiVG4T is inactive. In some embodiments, 1 1 3 inactive 匕i〇T2inactive. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, n>i(8) (eg, 113), Tlinactive=50 OFDM symbol transmission time intervals, T2inactive=200 OFDM symbol transmission time intervals, and T3inactive=2〇(9) OFDM symbols Transmission time interval. In this embodiment, if the beacon symbol is allowed to occupy at most (four) of the burst (four) signal resources, the job symbol occupies approximately 0.22% of the total resource. In the exemplary operational mode, the wireless terminal can transmit and receive user data. In Figure 21 50, the air link resources used by the wireless terminal occupy N carrier frequency 2108. In some embodiments, n is greater than or equal to (10). In the figure 215〇, there is a beacon transmission burst resource 2152 having a corresponding duration 22162, followed by a monitoring and receiving beacon information resource 2154 having a corresponding duration □2^2164, followed by a corresponding The user data transmission/reception resource of the duration T3active 2166 151133.doc 39· 201112684 2156 'Next is the quiet resource 2 - 158 with the corresponding duration τ - 2 ΐ 68. In various embodiments, T丨 coffee & T2 coffee < T3active. In some implementations, T2active4Tlactive. In some embodiments, (I(tetra)M+T4active)U〇T2inactive. In various embodiments, τ - = τ In some embodiments, there is a guard interval between at least some of the different types of time intervals. Figure 22 is a diagram 2200 and corresponding legend 2202 illustrating exemplary wireless terminal air link resource utilization during an exemplary first time interval 2209 including two beacon bursts. The legend 2202 indicates that a square 2204 indicates an OFDM carrier tone symbol (the basic transmission unit of the air link resource ρ. The legend 2202 also refers to: (1) the beacon symbol is indicated by the shaded square 22〇6 and averaged by the transmission power level. PB is transmitted, (ii) the user data symbol is indicated by the letter D 2 2 0 8 and the data symbol is transmitted to have an average transmission power level PD, and (iii) PB22PD 〇 in this example 'beacon transmission resource 221 〇 2 〇 FDM carrier tone symbols are included; beacon monitoring resource 2212 includes 40 OFDM carrier tone symbols; user data transmission/reception resource 2214 includes 100 OFDM carrier tone symbols; and beacon transmission resource 2216 includes 20 OFDM carrier tone symbols. Beacon transmission resources 2210 and 2216 each carry a beacon symbol 2206. This represents 5% of the transmission resources configured for beacon burst transmission. User Profile TX/RX Resources 22 14 Forty-eight (48) of the 1 OFDM symbols carry the user profile symbols transmitted by the wireless terminal. This represents the 48/180 OFDM symbols used by the wireless terminal during the first time interval 2209. WT When the 6th OFDM symbol of the user data part is transmitted, 151133.doc -40. During the interval between 201112684, it is switched from τχ to receiving, and then used in the 48/90 transmission by the wireless terminal during the first time interval. The user data symbol is transmitted on the carrier tone symbol. In some embodiments, when the helmet line buckles the field... the depth and the winter knowledge machine transmit the user data, the time when the wireless terminal includes multiple beacons is known. During the period, the user data is transmitted on at least 1% of the source of the transmission, which is used by the wireless terminal.

In some embodiments, 'at different times, the material data transmission/reception resources may be and sometimes used differently', for example, for the transmission of user data, specifically for the reception of user data. , allocated between reception and transmission (for example, on the basis of time sharing). Figure 23 is a diagram 2300 and a corresponding legend 2302 illustrating exemplary wireless terminal air link resource utilization during an exemplary _time interval 2 3 1 5 including two beacon bursts. The legend 2302 indicates that a square 23〇4 indicates an OFDM carrier tone symbol (the basic transmission unit of the air link resource). The legend 2302 also indicates that: (1) the beacon symbol is indicated by the large vertical arrow 23〇6 and transmitted at the average transmission power level PB, and (ii) the user data symbol is indicated by the small arrows 2308 23 10, 23 12, 23 14 Corresponding to different phases (θ!, θ2, θ3, θ4) respectively (eg, corresponding to QPSK), and the data symbols are transmitted to have an average transmission power level PD, and (iii) PB^2PD. In this example, the 'beacon transmission resource 2316 includes 2 (H@〇Fdm carrier tone symbol' beacon monitoring resource 2318 includes 40 OFDM carrier tone symbols; user data transmission/reception resources 232〇 includes 1〇〇 〇 FDM carrier tone symbols, and beacon transmission resources 2322 include 20 OFDM carrier tone symbols. Beacon transmission resources 2316 and 2322 each carry a beacon symbol 2306. In this example, 151133.doc -41 · 201112684 The k-symbols have the same amplitude and phase. This beacon symbol indicates 5% of the transmission resources configured for beacon burst transmission. The user's bedding TX/RX resources 23 20 of 1 〇 FDM symbols Forty-eight (one)" load user tribute symbols. In this example, different data symbols may and sometimes do have different phases. In some embodiments, different data symbols may and sometimes do have different amplitudes. The symbolic quantity represents the 48/18 〇1?1) PCT symbol used by the wireless terminal during the first time interval 2315. It is assumed that wt is switched from TX during the sixth 〇FDM symbol transmission time interval of the user data portion. To receive, then in the first The user data symbols are transmitted over a 48/90 OFDM carrier tone symbol used by the # wireless terminal for transmission during a time interval. In some embodiments, when the wireless terminal transmits user cravings, the wireless terminal User data is transmitted over at least 1% of the transmission resources used by the wireless terminal during a time period including a plurality of beacon signal bursts. In some embodiments, the user data transmission/reception resources are at different times May be used and sometimes used differently, for example, specifically for the transmission of user data, specifically for the reception of user data, and for the distribution between reception and transmission (for example, on the basis of time sharing) Figure 24 illustrates a descriptive illustration of an alternative to a beacon signal. Figure 2400 and associated legend 2402 are used to describe an exemplary beacon signal in accordance with various embodiments. Vertical axis 2412 represents frequency (e.g., 〇fdm carrier frequency index)' and horizontal axis 2414 indicates beacon resource time index. Figure 24〇2 identifies '彳5彳力彳§号 burst is identified by thick line rectangle 2404, beacon No. 2406 transmission units identified by square boxes' and the beacon symbols in bold letters b 2416 151133.doc • 42 · Table

201112684 No. Beacon signal resource 2410 includes loo beacon symbol transmission units 2406. Three beacon bursts 2404 corresponding to the time index values, 4 and 8, are shown. A beacon symbol 2416 is present in each beacon burst signal, and the position of the beacon symbol is within the beacon signal (eg, from a burst to the next burst according to a predetermined pattern and/or equation) And change. In this example, the beacon position has a slope. In this example, the 彳g standard bursts are separated from each other by twice the duration of the beacon burst. In various embodiments, the beacon bursts are separated from each other by at least twice the duration of the beacon symbols. In some cases, beacon bursts may occupy two or more consecutive beacon resource time intervals, e.g., the same carrier frequency tone is used for multiple consecutive beacon time indices. In some embodiments, the beacon burst includes a plurality of beacon symbols. In some such embodiments, the beacon symbol occupies 丨〇% or less of the beacon signal resource. Figure 25 is a diagram of an exemplary portable wireless terminal 2500 (e.g., a mobile node) in accordance with various embodiments. An exemplary portable wireless terminal 2 500 can be any of the wireless terminals of FIG. The exemplary wireless terminal 2500 includes a receiver module 2502, a transmission module 25〇4, a duplex module 2503, a processor 2506, and a user I/O device 2508 coupled via a bus bar 2514. A power module 25 1〇 and a memory 2512 are provided, and various components exchange data and information on the bus bar 2514. Receiver module 2502 (e.g., an OFDM receiver) receives signals (e.g., beacon signals and/or user profile signals) from other wireless terminals and or fixed location k-target transmitters. 151133.doc -43· 201112684 The transmission module 2504 (for example, an OFDM transmitter) transmits signals to other wireless terminals, and the transmitted signals include a beacon signal and a user data k number. The beacon signal includes a sequence of beacon signal bursts, each beacon burst consisting of one or more beacon symbols, and each beacon symbol occupies a beacon transmission unit. One or more beacon symbols are transmitted by transmission module 2504 for each transmitted beacon signal burst. In various embodiments, transmission module 25〇4 is an OFDM transmitter that transmits a beacon signal and the beacon signal is transmitted using resources that are a combination of frequency and time. In various other embodiments, transmission module 25〇4 is a CDMA transmitter that transmits beacon signals and the beacon signals are transmitted using resources that are a combination of code and time. The duplex module 2503 is controlled to switch the antenna 2505 between the receiver module 25A2 and the transmission module 2504 as part of a time division duplex (TDD) spectrum system implementation. The duplex module 2503 is coupled to the antenna 25〇5, and the wireless terminal 2500 receives the signal 2582 via the antenna 2505 and transmits the signal 2588. The duplex module 2503 is coupled to the receiver module 25〇2 via the link 2501, and transmits the received UI 2584 on the link 25〇2. In some embodiments, signal 2584 is a filtered representation of signal 2582. In some embodiments, signal 25 is the same as signal 2582, for example, module 25〇3 acts as a non-screening transmissive device. Duplex module 2503 is coupled to transmission module 25〇4 via link 25〇7, on which transmission signal 2586 is transmitted. In some embodiments, signal 2588 is a filtered representation of signal 2586. In some embodiments, signal 2588 is the same as signal 2586, for example, duplex module 25〇3 acts as a non-screening transmissive device. 151133.doc 44- 201112684 User 1/0 skirts include (for example) microphone, keyboard, keypad, parent converter 'camera, speaker, display, etc. The user m allows the user to input data/information, access the output data/information, and control at least some operations of the wireless terminal & the initial boot sequence, attempt to establish a communication session, and terminate the communication session. .

The power module 2510 includes a battery 2511 that functions as a power source for the portable wireless terminal. The output of the power module 2510 is coupled to various components (2502, 2503, 25〇4, 25〇6, 25〇8, and 2512) via power bus bars 25〇9 to provide power. Therefore, the transmission module 2504 uses the battery power to transmit the beacon signal. Memory 2512 includes routine 25 16 and data/information 2518. The processor 2506 (e.g., CPU) executes routine 2516 and uses the information/information 25 1 8 in the memory 2512 to control the operation of the wireless terminal 25 and implement the method. The routine 2516 includes a beacon signal generating module 252, a user data signal generating module 2522, a transmission power control module 2524, a beacon signal transmission control module 2526, a mode control module 2528, and a duplex control module 253. Hey. The beacon signal generating module 2520 uses the data information 2518 including the stored beacon signal feature information 2532 in the memory 25 12 to generate a beacon signal, the beacon signal including a sequence of beacon signal bursts, each beacon The signal burst includes one or more beacon symbols. The user profile signal generation module 2522 uses the profile/information 2518 including the user profile information 2534 and the user profile 2547 to generate a user profile signal including user profile symbols. For example, 'map the information bits representing the user data 2547 to the set of data symbols', for example 'OFDM data modulator I51133.doc -45-201112684 according to cluster information 2564: with: power control mode 2524 Including the data of the beacon power information power information 2566 / controlling the transmission time period of the beacon symbol and the poor payment number Η _ In the example, the transmission power control module 2524 controls the data in the first time The symbol is transmitted for each symbol power level, and the average per-symbol power level is at least 5 〇 lower than the average per-beacon power level of the beacon symbol of the transmitting wheel. The module 2524 controls the average per-symbol transmission power of each beacon symbol transmitted during the bit = 1 period to be averaged per symbol transmission power level for the symbol used to transmit the user data during the first time period. At least 1 dB higher. In some implementations: the transmission power control module 2524 controls the average per-symbol transmission power level of the mother-beacon symbol transmitted during the first time period to be averaged over the symbol used to transmit the user data during the (IV) period. Symbol transmission: The power level is at least 16 sen. In some embodiments, the beacon symbol power level and/or the plurality of data symbol power levels are correlated with respect to a reference used by the wireless terminal' and the reference may and sometimes does change. In some of these embodiments, the first time period is the time interval in which the reference level does not change. The beacon signal transmission control module 2526 uses the data/information 2518 including the timing structure (10) to control the transmission module 25 to transmit or transmit signals. In some embodiments, the time period between two adjacent beacon signal bursts of the beacon signal bundle of the sequence is controlled to the duration of any of the two adjacent beacon signal bursts At least 5 times. In various embodiments, at least some of the different beacon signal bursts have a period of = 151133.doc -46 - 201112684 degrees. The mode control module 2528 controls the mode of operation of the wireless terminal by the current mode of operation of the mode f. In some embodiments, various modes of operation include the OFF mode 'receive only mode, inactive mode, and active mode. In the inactive mode, the wireless terminal can transmit and receive beacon signals but is not permitted to transmit user data. In the active mode, the wireless terminal can send and receive user data efforts in addition to the L number. In the inactive mode, the wireless terminal is in a quiet (e.g., sleep) state with low power consumption for a longer period of time than in the active mode of operation. The work control group 2530 controls the duplex module 25〇3 to switch the antenna connection between the receiver module and the transmission module 2504 in response to the Ding Hao system timing component and/or user needs. For example, in some embodiments the user profile interval in the 'timing structure' can be used for receiving or transmitting, which is a function required by the wireless terminal. In various embodiments, duplex control module 253G is also operative to turn off at least some of the receiver module measurement and/or transmission module 2504 (which saves power when not in use). Data/information 2518 includes the beacon signal feature information of the memory, the user's beaker feature information 2534, the time series structure information 2536, the air link resource information 2538, the mode information 254〇, the generated beacon signal information 2 generated The information signal information 2544, the duplex control signal information 25^ and the user data 2547 ° stored beacon signal characteristic information 2532 include beacon bundles. ΐ ΐ or 夕 collection (beacons 1 send information 2548, ..., beacon bundles Ν information 2550), beacon symbol information 256 〇 and power information 2562. 151133.doc •47- 201112684 Beacons 1 Information 2548 includes information 2556 for identifying beacon transmission units and beacon duration information 2558 for carrying beacon symbols. The information 2556 identifying the k-standard transmission unit carrying the k-Purchase number is used by the beacon signal generation module 2520 to identify which beacon transmission units in the beacon signal burst are occupied by the beacon symbol. In various embodiments, other beacon transmission units of the beacon burst are set to null values, e.g., no transmission power is applied relative to other beacon transmission units. In some embodiments, the number of beacon symbols in the beacon signal burst occupies less than one percent of the available beacon symbol transmission units. In some embodiments, the plurality of beacon symbols in the beacon signal burst occupy less than one percent or more than ten percent of the available transmission units of the symbol. The beacon signal burst duration information 2558 includes information defining the duration of the beacon burst 1 . In some embodiments, each of the beacon bursts has the same duration, while in other embodiments, different beacon bursts in the same-complex beacon signal may and sometimes do have different durations. In some embodiments, one of the beacon bursts in a sequence has different durations, and this may be suitable for synchronization purposes. Beacon symbol information 2560 includes information defining beacon symbols, such as modulation values and/or features of the beacon symbols. In various embodiments, the same beacon symbol value is used to identify each of the locations to carry the beacon symbols in information 2556, e.g., the beacon symbols have the same amplitude and phase. In various embodiments, at least some of the different beacon symbol values may and sometimes are used to identify the beacon symbols in the information 2556, eg, the beacon symbol values have the same amplitude but may have two potential phases Of all, thus contributing to the transmission of additional information via the beacon signal. Power Information 2562 Packets 151133.doc -48- 201112684 The power gain scaling factor includes, for example, the use of beacon symbols for transmission. User profile information 2534 includes clustered message 2564 and power information 2566. Cluster information 2564 identifies, for example, QpsK, qam μ, , or QAM 256, etc., and the modulation symbol values associated with the cluster. Power Information 2566 includes, for example, power scale factor information used for poetry symbol transmission.曰

The timing heartbeat 2536 includes identifying intervals associated with various operations, such as 'beacon transmission time intervals, intervals for monitoring beacon signals from other wireless terminals, and/or fixed position beacon transmitters, using Information between the materials, the silence (such as the 'sleep' interval, etc.). Timing structure 2572 scoop: t transmission wheel timing structure information 2572, the transmission timing structure information 257: J standard burst duration information 2574, beacon burst spacing information, style poor news 2578 and data signal transmission information 258 〇. In some embodiments, the y, a _ 15 仏 burst duration information 2574 identifies: the duration of the genius of the genius is ° °, for example, 100 consecutive 〇 FT) M transmission round interval . In the case of this electric n, % illusion Λ ' 'beacon spread duration information 2574 recognition: beacon cluster smoke Η Χ temple, only time (for example) according to the predetermined style indicated by style information 2578 Change the — Bu—* The baby is robbed ^ 匕. In various embodiments, the predetermined pattern is the work of the wireless terminal % identifier, At ^ right. In other embodiments, the pre- and 払 are the same for all wireless terminals in the system. In some embodiments, the preview style is a pseudo-random pattern. In some embodiments, ^ ρβ _ _ 1 〇 ^ burst duration information 2574 and beacon cluster spacing 贲 257 _ . on a not. The duration of beacon bursts is more than confidence 151133.doc The time interval from the end of 201112684 to the start of the next i#feng·la φ is at least 50 times shorter. In some cases, Yin, Xinyitang_Xun 2576 indicates that the spacing between the beacons and the bursts is in the same way as the ones that are in the periodic way. Awkward, in the time period, the wireless terminal transmits a beacon signal. In some implementations, ^ 4 #cluster spacing, 2576 indicates: no matter whether the wireless terminal is inactive..., _f uses the middle mode and the active mode, all of which are transmitted at the same interval. · Huanlong seven mouths - Congfa. In other embodiments, the beacon bursts are not connected. For example, the wireless terminal is in the inactive mode and the active mode uses different spacings to transmit the beacon bursts as a wireless terminal. The function of the operating mode. The air link resource information 2538 includes beacon transmission resource information 2568 and other resource usage information 2570. In some embodiments, the air link resources are defined in accordance with OFDM carrier tone symbols in the frequency time grid, e.g., as part of a wireless communication system such as a TDD system. The beacon transmission resource information measurement includes identifying information of an air link resource for a beacon signal configured to w τ 2 5 ' 'for example, an OFDM transmission for transmitting a signal including at least one beacon symbol The block of the tone symbol. Beacon transmission resource information 2568 also includes information identifying the beacon transmission unit. In some embodiments, the beacon transmission unit is a single 〇FDM carrier tone symbol. In some embodiments, the beacon transmission unit is a set of OFDM transmission units, e.g., a set of consecutive 〇FDM carrier tone symbols. Other usage resource information 2570 includes information identifying airlink resources to be used by the WT 2500 for other purposes, such as beacon signal monitoring, receiving/transmitting user data. For example, depending on the quiet state of power saving (e.g., sleep state), it is possible and sometimes the tone 151133.doc -50· 201112684 does not pass some of the OFDM carrier tone symbols in the null link resource. In some embodiments, the use of the weak source of the key in the a is used to transmit the rotation; P is the period of the taste period, the transmission is almost repeated, and the carrier frequency of the transmission resource is less than one hundred... , the line n knows the use of the beacon signal burst and at least the knife 1 'the time period includes a plurality of beacon signals in the - time period of the second 5th. In various embodiments, 0.3 percent, during the time period, "the knives occupy the carrier frequency modulation symbol less than the _ between the continuous beacon signal bursts... The two "cluster burst signal" in the day 4 n in various embodiments In the letter, 1 ^ ni pg occupies less than 5% of the carrier frequency sign. 1. This part of the inter-day cycle includes a 彳 mark signal burst and a burst signal burst In various embodiments, during at least one mode of operation (eg, Φ_upper mode), the transmission module 2504 is dedicated to: user data 'and when the wireless terminal transmits and uses In the case of the data, the user data is transmitted on at least 1% of the transmission source of the transmission resource used by the wireless terminal during the (IV) period, the time period includes the user (4) the information input and the two Proximity to the beacon signal. The generated beacon signal 2542 is the output of the beacon signal generation module period, and the generated data signal 2544 is the output of the user profile signal generation module 2522. The generated signals (2542, 2544) are directed to the transmission module 25〇4. User profile 2547 includes, for example, audio, voice, video, text, and/or archival material/resources used as input to the user profile signal generation module. The duplex control signal 2546 represents the output of the duplex control module 253, and the output signal 2546 is directed to the duplex module 25〇3 to control antenna switching and/or to the receiving module 2502 or the transmitter module 25〇. 4 to turn off at least some of the electricity - 151 151133.d〇i - 51 . 201112684 Road and save power" Figure 26 is a flow diagram of an exemplary method of operating a communication device (e.g., a battery powered wireless terminal) in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 2600 is a diagram. Operation begins in step 2602 where the communication device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds from start step 2602 to step 2604 and step 2606. In step 2604 based on the cut-in, the communication device maintains the time information. Time information 2605 is output from step 2604 and used in step 2606. In step 2606, the communication device determines whether a time period is a beacon reception time period, a beacon transmission time period, or a dead time period, and proceeds differently depending on the determination. If the time period is the beacon reception time period, then operation proceeds from step 2606 to step 2610, in which the communication device performs a beacon signal detection operation. If the time period is a beacon transmission time period, then operation proceeds from step 266 to step 2620, in which the communication device transmits at least a portion of the beacon signal, the portion of the transmission including at least one beacon symbol. The right time period is the dead time period, then operation proceeds from step 26〇6 to v2262, in which the communication device avoids transmission and avoids operation to detect the k-mark signal. In some embodiments, the communication device is at step Μ. Enter a silent (eg sleep) mode and save battery power. Returning to step 2610, operation proceeds from step 2610 to step 2612. At step 612, the toweling device determines if the beacon has been tested. If a beacon has been measured, then operation proceeds from step 2612 to step 2614. However, if you are not stunned, you will find it. Otherwise, the operation proceeds from step 26丨2 via connection node A % 13 to step 2606. In step 2614, the communication device adjusts the communication device transmission time based on the detected portion of the received signal 151133.doc -52 - 201112684. In step 26〇4, the adjustment information 2615 obtained from step 2614 is used to maintain the time stamp for the communication device. In some embodiments, the timing adjustment adjusts the beacon signal transmission time period to occur during a time period known to be used by the device transmitting the received beacon signal portion to receive the beacon signal. Operation proceeds from step 2614 to step 2616, wherein the communication device is in accordance with the adjusted communication device

The signal is transmitted while transmitting the timing (e.g., 'beacon signal'). Next, in the μ Na 2618, the communication device establishes a 'session' with the device from which it detects the portion of the beacon signal detected. Operation from either step 2618, (4) or (2), jade is performed by connection node A 2613 to step 2606. In some embodiments, step 26〇4 includes sub-steps 26〇8 and 26〇9 in sub-step 26〇8, the communication device pseudo-randomly adjusting a beacon transmission in the time periods of the cyclic sequence The beginning of at least one of the time period and a beacon reception time period. By way of example, in some implementations, at a particular time (eg, after powering on or entering a new area), the communication device may not be synchronized with any other pass, step (10) - or multiple times, in a loop Time structure D: _ The time interval is detected at the same time. "There are limited to dreams. This sub-step can effectively shift the phase sequence between the two peer-to-peer devices. In the sub-step 2_ towel: the standard receiving and transmitting time period so as to be based on the periodicity, the receiving time period is longer than the beacon transmission time, and the non-receiving time period is The beacon transmission time period is as small as = I51133.doc •53- 201112684 times. In some embodiments, the dead time period occurs between signal time periods. In various embodiments, the unsymbol period in the beacon transmission time period and the beacon reception time period is a beacon. FIG. 27. is a dual-device device carrying an exemplary communication device in accordance with various embodiments. The type wireless terminal 2700 (for example, the mobile wireless terminal 2700 can be any one of the wireless terminals of the figure. The exemplary wireless terminal 2700 is configured, for example, by a communication device. A part-time duplex (TDD) positive six-frequency multiplex (Tong Cong) wireless communication (four) part of the point-to-point direct communication between the nodes. The exemplary wireless = machine can transmit and connect (four) standard (four). The terminal assists in the measurement of the beacon signal (eg, | peer-to-peer wireless terminal transmitting the beacon signal and/or from the fixed beacon transmitter) to perform timing adjustment to establish timing synchronization. Exemplary wireless terminal The 2700 includes a receiver module 27 耦 2, a transmission module 27 〇 4, a duplex module 2703, a processor 2706, and a user I/O device 27 〇 8 coupled via the bus bar 2714. A power module 2710 and memory 2712 'various components are in The data and information are interchangeable on the bus 2714. The receiver module 2702 (eg, an OFDM receiver) receives signals (eg, beacon signals and/or user data from other wireless terminals and/or fixed location beacon transmitters). The signal transmission module 2704 (for example, an OFDM transmitter) transmits signals to other wireless terminals, and the transmitted signals include a beacon signal and a user profile signal. The beacon signal includes a sequence of beacon signal bursts. Each beacon letter 151133.doc -54- 201112684 The children's hair bundles include one or more letters and the symbolic symbols are transmitted to the 諕 諕 信 信 信 信 信 信 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 – the fixed ticket symbol is transmitted by the transmission module. The transmission module 2 takes the transmission-beacon signal during the transmission time period (for example, the transmission of the private bundle " ^ - part, the part of the transmission includes at least one letter The symbol, such as the relative power of the power level relative to the user's data symbol.

In various embodiments, the transmission module causes the OFDM transmitter to transmit the beacon signal and the beacon signal is transmitted using resources that are a combination of frequency and time. In various other embodiments, the transmission module 27〇4 is a CDMA transmitter that transmits a wheel=marker signal and the beacon signal is transmitted using a resource of a combination of code and time. The beta duplex module 2703 is controlled to switch the antenna 2705 between the receiver module 2702 and the transmission module 2704 as a time division duplex (TDD) implementation. The duplex module 2703 is coupled to the antenna 2705, via which the wireless terminal 27 receives the signal 2778 and transmits the signal 2780. The duplex module 27〇3 is coupled to the receiver module 27〇2 via the link 2701, and the received signal 2782 is transmitted and received on the link 27〇1. In some embodiments, signal 2782 is a filtered representation of signal 2778. In some embodiments, signal 2782 is the same as signal 2778', for example, where duplex module 2703 acts as a non-screening transmissive device. Duplex module 2703 is coupled to transmission module 2704 via link 27A7, on which transmission signal 2784 is transmitted. In some embodiments, signal 2780 is a filtered representation of signal 2784. In some embodiments, 'Letter 5 Tiger 2 7 8 0 is the same as # 5 Tiger 2 7 8 4', for example, in the duplex module 2 7 〇 3 charge 151133.doc -55- 201112684 when there is no screening penetration In the case of a device. User 1/0 device 2708 includes, for example, a microphone, a keyboard, a keypad, a transducer, a camera, a speaker, a display, and the like. The user device 27〇8 allows the user to input data/information, access (4) word messages, and control at least some operations of the wireless terminal, such as 'starting the power-on sequence, attempting to establish a communication session, terminating the communication. Session. The power module 2710 includes a battery with a tape type wireless terminal power supply. The output of the 27U power supply unit 27 10 is coupled to various components (2702, 27G3, 27G4, 27G6, 2, and 2712) via a power bus 2709 to provide power. Therefore, the transmission module 2704 uses battery power to transmit the beacon signal. . The U body 2712 includes the usual formula 27 1 6 and the information/information 27丨8. The processor 2706 (e.g., CPU) executes routine 2716 and uses the information/information 2718 in the memory 2712 to control the operation of the wireless terminal 27 and implement the method. The routine 2716 includes a beacon signal detection module 272, a silence state control module 2722, a transmission time adjustment module 2724, a transmission control module 2726, a communication session start module 2728, and a beacon detection control mode. The group 273, the timing adjustment module 2732, the mode control module 2734, the beacon signal generation module 27, the user data signal generation module 2738, the user data recovery module 274, and the duplex control module 2742. The beacon signal detection module 2720 performs a beacon signal detection operation during a beacon reception time period to detect reception of at least a portion of a beacon signal. In addition, in response to the detected beacon signal portion, beacon signal detection module 2720 sets a detected beacon flag 2750 indicating the receipt of a beacon signal portion. The beacon signal portion 2754 of the debt measurement is the output of the beacon signal detecting module 272 151133.doc -56- 201112684. Further, in response to the detected beacon signal portion, the beacon signal detection module 2720 sets a detected signal flag 2750 indicating the reception of a beacon signal portion. In some embodiments, the beacon signal detection module 272 performs detection as a function of level comparison. In some embodiments, beacon signal detection group 2720 performs detection, for example, in the air link resource corresponding to the surveillance of the beacon burst, as a function of the detected beacon symbol style information. In some embodiments, the beacon signal detection module 272 recovers information from the detected target portion of the signal, for example, to identify information transmitted by the beacon signal (eg, 'wireless terminal'). For example, different wireless terminals may and sometimes do have different beacon burst styles and/or signatures. The static 2 state control module 2722 controls the operation of the wireless terminal during a silent period between, for example, beacon reception and the signal bar, and the door is closed, and detects the beacon without transmitting or operating. signal. ", the transfer time adjustment mode meeting day A" Α Λ ΛΑ 1 * *

And the part of the received beacon signal is from the knife to adjust the transmission time of the overnight device. #为(example) special network, and received letter

step. In some embodiments including a fixed position beacon and a helmet*», 151133.doc 稞 signal to the terminal terminal letter 57. 201112684 ', using a fixed coarse level system synchronization, and when ku is available) A higher level of synchronization between the two. The line terminal beacon is used to achieve the timing offset of the peer 2756 as the output of the beacon signal portion of the transmission (4) & adjustment module 2724. In the case of the 霄 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' During the period, the beacon of the received message transmission time adjustment module 2724 is set to enable the beacon to make the beacon (four) window system expected transmission =:: = communication device " transmission timing to control the input 1 . 'Beacon signal. When the storage of the second meeting = status information 2758 indicates that the establishment of the session is in progress, the meeting period flag 2760, the transmission wheel and 2704 mm transmission control group 27% control transmission module乂The "signal partial transmission operation" is repeated. In some embodiments, the transmission control module 2726 controls the wireless terminal to operate the mode in the inactive mode of the wireless terminal and to operate the die repeating (4) signal partial transmission operation. The start module 2728 is configured to control operation to establish a communication session with another wireless terminal from which the beacon signal is received. 4, 5, after the beacon signal is extracted (where the beacon signal originates from another wireless terminal) Machine), if wireless end The machine 2700 needs to be synchronized with the other wireless terminal, and the module 2728 is started to start the communication session, for example, generating and processing the handshake signal according to the pre-determination. 151133.doc - 58- 201112684 #标检测控制模块Controls the beacon signal phase module survey operation. For example, when the stored communication session status information coffee indicates that the establishment period is in progress, the set session flag is set. The pre-test control module 2730 controls the beacon letter (four) test module 272 () to repeat _ in some embodiments, the beacon detection control module 2730 controls the wireless device to operate indirectly in the wireless terminal The mode and function cause the operation mode to repeat the beacon detection operation.

The timing adjustment fish 2732 pseudo-randomly adjusts the start of at least one of the beacon transmission time period and the beacon reception time period in these time periods. The output of the module jaw 2 is adjusted based on the timing offset of the (10) machine. In some embodiments, the timing adjustment module is configured to shift the timing structure of the wireless terminal relative to other wireless terminals (independently known as 'reading to increase the wireless terminal and the peer to limit the beacon transmission) And/or the possibility that the beacon detection interval can be mutually different at the same time. The mode control module 2 7 3 4 controls the communication device to operate in the first mode and the second mode during different time periods, wherein The communication device transmits the beacon L number as an example and the 5 'the first operation mode is the inactive mode, wherein the communication device transmits the beacon signal 1 to measure the beacon signal but is restricted to transmit the user data; the second operation mode is the active mode Wherein the communication device transmits beacon (4), (4) (4) signals, and the domain permits transmission of the maker data. In some embodiments, the 'other-operation mode (the mode control module 2734 can control the communication line in the basin) is a search mode in which the money end search for the beacon (four) shirt is permitted to be transmitted. 151133.doc -59- 201112684 Beacon signal generation module 2736 generates a beacon signal portion 2748 (eg, a beacon burst including at least one beacon symbol), and the beacon signal portion 2748 is transmitted by the transmission module 27〇4 transmission. The user profile signal generation module "π generates a user profile signal 2774 (eg, transmits a signal of a coded block of user material such as voice data, other audio data, video data, text data, file data, etc.) ). When the wireless terminal is in the active mode, the user profile generation module 2738 is active and transmits the generated user profile via the transmission module 2704 during the time interval reserved for the user data transmission/reception signal. Signal 2774. The user data recovery wedge set 2740 recovers the user data from the received user profile signal 2776, which is received from the peer with the wireless terminal set 2700. The received user profile signal η% is received via the receiver module 2702, and the wireless terminal is in an active mode of operation during the time interval that is reserved for user data transmission/reception signals. The duplex control module 2742 controls the operation of the duplex module 27〇3, for example, the control antenna 2705 is coupled to receive for receiving a time interval (eg, a beacon monitoring time interval and an interval for receiving user data). The module 2702 is coupled to the transmission module 27〇4 for transmitting time intervals (eg, beacon transmission time intervals and intervals for transmitting user data). The duplex control module 2742 also controls at least some of the at least one of the receiver module 27〇2 and the transmission module 27〇4 to be powered down during some time intervals to thereby conserve battery power. The data/information 2718 includes current mode information 2744, current time information 151133.doc 201112684 2746, generated beacon signal portion 2748, detected beacon flag mapping, pseudo-random based timing offset 2752, detected beacon The signal portion (4), the timing offset (10) of the decision based on the beacon signal portion, the communication session status information 2758, and the timing structure information 2764 'mode information' are generated: user data signal 2774 and received user data signal 27? 6. When the mode information 2744 includes the current operation mode = sub-material and/or operation status of the wireless terminal, for example, the wireless terminal is in the mode of receiving but not transmitting, whether the wireless terminal is in the inclusion standard The signal transmission does not allow the user to transmit the non-active mode 2 or whether the wireless terminal is in the active mode including the beacon signal transmission and permitting the user to transmit the poor material. The current time information 2746 includes when the wireless terminal is identified with respect to the position of the wireless terminal time in the cyclic timing structure maintained by the machine, such as (^, the symbolic transmission time of the coded index in the structure, The current time information 2746 also includes information identifying the time of the line terminal relative to another timing structure (eg, another terminal or a fixed position beacon transmitter). Point === capital includes the duration The role flag and the peer-to-peer effect mark 2760 indicate whether the session is still a point break, and the WT27GG communicates with the peer-to-peer y ·, ,, line terminal 2700 to stop the debt test equivalent. Beacon signal, and :::::: In various embodiments, the seek point ID information is found at least in part via the beacon signal = 1. 151133.doc 201112684 The timing structure information includes defining various intervals (such as a letter) Information on the duration, ordering, and spacing of the standard transmission interval, beacon detection interval, user data transmission interval, and silence interval. Timing structure information, including the timing relationship information of the interval. 2鸠Including the following information: (1) Beacon reception time period is longer than beacon transmission period, · (π) beacon reception and beacon transmission time period is non-heavy edge 'your target reception time period The duration is at least twice the time period of the beacon transmission; (iv) the silence period is at least twice the one of the beacon transmission time period and the beacon reception time period. The mode information 2768 includes the initial search mode information. 2769, inactive mode information period and active mode information 2772. The initial search mode information includes a description of the initial extended duration search mode defining the beacon signal. In some embodiments, the duration of the initial search exceeds the borrowing The continuous beacon burst transmission between the wireless terminal and the wireless terminal transmits a number of sequences of beacon burst signals. In this case, the initial search mode information 2769 is used for booting. After the initial execution = in addition, for example, if in the inactive mode, the other beacon signals are not tested and/or if the wireless terminal wants to perform more than the use of the non-active mode = For fast and/or thorough beacon search, the wireless terminal/active g-type accidentally enters the initial search mode. The non-active mode is 2770. The definition includes beacon signal interval, beacon monitoring interval and silence. The wireless terminal operation of the interval is not in the middle mode. 4 mode: the mode wireless terminal saves energy in the silent mode. However, it can be said that the k number does not exist and can be sustained in a limited manner. Time beacon 151133.doc •62· 201112684=Scenario mode to maintain the existence of other wireless terminals. mm definition includes beacon signal transmission: use of septum, user data 7 “interaction mode between surveillances. WIRELESS TERMINAL OPERATION Figure 28 is a diagram illustrating timeline, event sequence, and operation for two wireless terminals in a particular network, where the terminal heart =: exists and uses a wireless terminal beacon signal And up to ^ step. The horizontal axis 280 丨 represents the time line. Start at time 28〇2 and start the initial monitoring of the beacon signal, such as the block purchase ^^ monitoring continues until a# p bow 9sna, , -, 9 ^ only until time 2806, as explained in block 28〇8, This end machine completes its initial search, and the gentleman prepares ···,,,··,··; Bo Yiyi,,,. If other wireless terminals are not found, the receivers, ',., and the machine include the beacon transmission interval (where the wireless 1 transmits the beacon signal burst), and the HBt葙 and the weapon HUM/line terminal monitor A repetitive, inactive mode of operation in which the illusion and silence intervals (where the wireless terminal is neither transmitted nor powered). Next, in the time measurement, the wireless terminal 2 is turned on and the initial flagging monitoring is started, as indicated by block (4). Then, at time 2814, as indicated by heart 5, the wireless terminal 2 detects the beacon signal from the wireless terminal, determines that it tries to establish a communication session with the wireless terminal, and intervenes to make the wireless terminal The machine will receive a beacon signal burst from the wireless terminal 2 during the wireless terminal i beacon monitoring interval. At time 2816, as indicated by the block, the wireless terminal 2 has entered a repeating active mode that includes the following: beacon transmission interval, beacon monitoring interval, and user profile interval' and at time 2816, the wireless terminal ^ r 151133.doc -63· 201112684 2 The beacon signal is transmitted according to the time offset determined in step 2815. Next, as indicated by block / block 282G, the wireless terminal 1_ is from the signal of the wireless terminal 2 and switches to the active mode. Between the time interval 2816 and the period, as indicated by the block assistance, the terminal 1 exchanges data with the wireless terminal 2 to establish a communication session and then participates in the exchange of user data. In addition, the beacon signals received during this time interval _ 4 session are used to update the timing and maintain synchronization. Terminals i and wireless terminals 2 may and sometimes are mobile nodes that can be moved during the communication session. At time 2824 'wireless terminal' power off' as indicated by the block Cong, then, at the time of assistance, the wireless terminal 2 determines that the signal has been lost from the wireless terminal 1, and the wireless terminal transitions to the inactive mode, such as Indicated by area 2830. Signals may also and sometimes are lost due to other conditions (e.g., wireless terminals! and 2 moving far enough apart from each other to make the channel strips sufficient to sustain the session). The arrow sequence 2832 illustrates the wireless terminal machine beacon signal burst, and the sequence 2834 illustrates the wireless terminal 2 beacon signal burst. It should be observed that the timing between the two wireless terminals has been synchronized, as the function of the received beacon signal from the wireless terminal makes the wireless terminal old enough

Signal bursts from the wireless terminal 2 are detected during the beacon signal monitoring interval. ° I In this example, the powered-on wireless terminal performs monitoring during the initial beacon monitoring period until the beacon is detected or until the initial beacon monitoring period expires (whichever is the first). The initial beacon monitoring period is, for example, a duration monitoring period that extends beyond - including the duration of the delivery. In this example, the initial beacon monitoring period is performed prior to entering the mode of the transmission between the two transmissions. In a:::: signal = active mode (the non-active mode includes confidence input 2:, at; monitoring interval and silence interval) of the wireless terminal: the beacon monitoring interval, for example, to cover two wireless terminals = : The extreme conditions of the start. In other embodiments, the wireless terminal enters the inactive mode: the active mode includes the beacon transmission interval after the power on and the finite two = letter, interval, and the first party does not have extended beacon monitoring. In these embodiments, the wireless terminal may, and sometimes does, stare at the pseudo-random time shift while searching for other beacon signals to facilitate the beacon monitoring interval of the 苴 itself and other wireless terminal beacon transmission intervals. Schematic 2900 of FIG. 29 illustrates an exemplary synchronization sequence between two wireless terminals based on a beacon signal φ number in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2902 illustrates the wireless terminal! The timing structure information, and the schema includes information about the timing structure of the wireless terminal 2. After the wireless terminal has synchronized in time (e.g., based on detecting a wireless feast 2 from the wireless terminal's beacon signal), Figure 29A may correspond to Figure 28. Figure 29〇2 includes the wireless terminal machine 1 彳 mark transmission interval 2906 'wireless terminal i beacon reception interval 2908, wireless terminal machine 丨 user data Ding / ^ interval" cut and stomach edge interval 2912 ° Equation 2904 includes wireless terminal 2 beacon transmission interval 2914, wireless terminal 2 beacon reception interval 2916, wireless terminal 2 uses 15ll33.doc -65-201112684 data TX/RX interval 2918 and sleeper 2 silence interval 292 It should be observed that the wireless terminal 2 has adjusted its timing such that when it transmits a beacon signal burst during the WT 2 beacon transmission interval 2914, the WT i will receive the beacon signal bundle during its beacon reception interval 2908. It should also be observed that there is an overlap 2922 of the user data TX/RX area available for user data transmission. This method maintains the same basic timing structure for different wireless terminals and uses wireless terminal timing. Scheduling the timing shift of the decision Figure 3000 illustrates an exemplary synchronization timing between two wireless terminals based on a beacon_signal in accordance with another exemplary embodiment. Figure 3〇〇2 includes turn off The timing structure information of the wireless terminal device 1 and the schema 3〇〇4 includes information about the timing structure of the wireless terminal device 2. The wireless terminal device has been synchronized in timing (for example, based on detecting a beacon signal from the wireless terminal device) After the wireless terminal 2), FIG. 3A can correspond to FIG. 28. The figure 3〇〇2 includes the wireless terminal 1 beacon receiving interval 3〇〇6, and the wireless terminal i beacon transmission interval 3 0 0 8. Wireless terminal computer 1 #标 receiving time interval 3 〇1 〇, wireless terminal 1 User data TX/RX interval 3012 and WT 1 silence interval 3014. Graphic Lu 3 0 0 4 including wireless terminal 4 2彳Lübiao receiving interval 3 〇16, wireless terminal 2 marking transmission interval 301 8. Wireless terminal 2 beacon receiving time interval 3〇2〇, wireless terminal 2 user data tx/rx interval 3022 and wt 2 The silence interval is 3 024. It should be observed that the wireless terminal 2 has adjusted its timing such that when it transmits a beacon signal burst during the WT 2 beacon transmission interval 3018, the WT 1 will receive during its beacon reception interval 3010. Beacon signal bursts. It can also be observed that in this embodiment, in the wireless terminal After the timing adjustment of 2, there is no 15J133.doc • 66- 201112684 . : 2 machine 2 receives the signal transmitted by the wireless terminal 1 ..., the line terminal 1 beacon transmission interval 3008 during its beacon reception interval 3〇16 It should also be observed that there is an overlap part 3026 of the user data έ X area that can be used for user data transmission. This method is used to hold the same basic timing structure for different wireless terminals. Synchronization is achieved by the timing shift of the place/疋, and both wireless terminals are able to receive the beacon signal bursts on the basis of the advancement after the synchronization. Diagram 3100 of Q illustrates an exemplary synchronization sequence between two wireless terminals based on beacons 5 in accordance with another illustrative embodiment. The figure 3 i 02 includes information on the timing structure of the wireless terminal unit, and the drawing 3104 includes the timing structure information of the i:... line and the winter machine 2. After the wireless terminal has been sequenced 7 (e.g., based on the wireless terminal 2 detected from the wireless terminal's beacon signal), Figure 31A may correspond to Figure 28. Figure 31〇2 includes the wireless terminal 11⁄2 standard transmission interval 31〇6, the wireless terminal machine beacon reception time interval 3 108, the wireless terminal 1 user data TX/RX time interval 3 11 〇 and the WT 1 silence interval 3112. Figure 31〇4 includes a wireless terminal set 2 beacon transmission interval 3114, a wireless terminal set 2 beacon reception time interval 3116, a wireless terminal set 2 user profile TX/RX interval 3118, and a WT 2 silence interval 312. It should be noted that the wireless terminal 2 has adjusted its timing such that when it transmits a beacon signal burst during the wt 2 beacon transmission time interval 3116, the WT 1 will receive the beacon signal during its beacon reception interval 3 108 Congfa. It can also be observed that in this embodiment, after the timing adjustment of the wireless terminal 2, the wireless terminal 2 receives the beacon transmission interval 3 of the wireless terminal 1 at the wireless terminal 1 during its beacon reception interval 3 114. The beacons transmitted during the period are bursts. It should also be observed 151133.doc -67- 201112684 observation, user data TX / RX time interval 3110, 3118 overlap. This method uses different timing structures for two wireless terminals (e.g., wireless terminals that perform the first detection of another beacon and adjust its internal timing), for example, WT 2 uses the interval ordering of Figure 3 104. In some of these cases, after the wireless terminal 2 ends the communication session and enters the inactive state including the beacon signal transmission, the wireless terminal 2 proceeds to the ordered timing sequence represented by the pattern 31〇2. . Figure 32 illustrates an exemplary special network formed in the communication area 32A between the first, second, and third wireless terminals (3201, 3202, and 3203, respectively). Each of the wireless terminals 3201, 3202, 3203 supports a first communication protocol, e.g., the lower bits of the device capability information that can be used by the device. In some embodiments, the '__ communication protocol is a beacon signal agreement. In one embodiment, the wireless terminals 32〇1, 32〇2, 32〇3 transmit signals 322 using various forms of dashed lines to convey device capability 〇fL. In some implementations, the first protocol unused signal Phase to pass the money. This allows for the implementation of the first protocol to be relatively simple to implement, and therefore low cost' because it can be implemented using energy debt measurement techniques in conjunction with frequency and/or time detection that can be used to recover the transmitted information. Therefore, due to the simple nature of the modules required to restore the information transmitted using the first agreement, there may be little or no additional cost to the hardware and/or software support of the first communication agreement (and not including the first communication protocol). Compared to supported devices, it is incorporated into many types of communication attacks. In addition, the device including the transmitter can be implemented by means of a (four) communication protocol and an additional cost. Therefore, the first communication protocol (for example, a protocol based on a beacon signal) is included in a plurality of devices having a capability of the month (for example, CDMA 'OFDM, GSM, and 苴151133.doc 201112684). Support is relatively inexpensive. While all of the devices in the region 3200 are shown, the signals may not reach all of the devices in the region, but it is useful for neighboring devices to determine which protocol, which protocols, and/or device configuration to apply to the communication destination.

+ In the exemplary system of Figure 32, the devices each support a first communication protocol but also support at least one additional protocol. It is assumed that the low bit rate nature of the first protocol is expected to be used in various embodiments to exchange user data (e.g., text, video material, and/or audio material). Therefore, in Fig. 32, in addition to the -35th, each _wireless terminal supports at least - an additional agreement, such as 'a higher bit rate agreement suitable for exchanging user data. In some embodiments, in addition to the first agreement, the first wireless terminal 3201 supports the CDMA protocol. In one such embodiment, the second wireless terminal supports the first agreement and the second (e.g., gsm or 〇fdm) agreement. In the same embodiment, in addition to the first communication protocol, the third wireless terminal supports multiple physical layer protocols, such as CDMA and CDMA. As discussed below, a wireless terminal that supports multiple communication protocols can establish a communication link with the first and second devices and operate as a communication intermediate. Although the first = 诵 々 々 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , And the third party of the network device protocol supported by each of the third devices exchanges the data of the latter. Therefore, for example, the first-line terminal can use the c-plane signal 321〇 and the third wireless terminal. 32〇3通 I5ll33.doc, 69·201112684, the CDMA signal 321〇 is used to transmit a packet, wherein the packet is relayed via the OFDM signal 3212 via the third wireless terminal 32〇3. The placement of other lower-level agreements that do not support the same physical layer or exchange user data can be interacted with by the help of appropriate intermediates with multi-agree support, which involves the need for an infrastructure base station. The special network shown in Figure 32 can be implemented using a plurality of mobile wireless terminals (e.g., portable handheld communication devices), but base station can also be used instead of mobile wireless communication terminals 3201, 3203. One of the 3202 Applying the system. As discussed below, in addition to using device capability information obtained from, for example, beacon signals to determine proper limbs, protocol stacks, or device configurations, in one or more instances, one or more The wireless terminals 3201, 3203, 3202 can be selected between a cooperative mode of operation and a non-cooperative mode of operation. In some embodiments, 'based on the other device (eg, the wireless terminal spot determined by the # is not communicated) The device receives a signal to select between a cooperative mode of operation and a non-cooperative mode of operation. Various features relating to switching between a cooperative mode of operation and a non-cooperative mode of operation will be discussed with reference to the following figures. The steps of the exemplary method of operating the first communication device in accordance with the present invention. The first communication device can be one of the wireless terminals of the particular network shown in Figure 32. The method 5000 begins in step 5〇〇2 And proceeding to step 5〇〇4, in step 5〇〇4, the first communication device monitors broadcast signals (eg, 'H signals) from other devices, and the signals are according to the first communication protocol. The operation of J51133.doc 201112684 is performed. The operation proceeds from step 5004 to step 5006. In step 5〇〇6, the first communication device receives at least some device capability information from the second communication device in the air. The signal can be received in the form of a beacon signal. Device capability information. Operation proceeds from step 5006 to step 5〇〇8, and step 5〇〇8 is to establish a communication session with the second device to receive device information from the second device. The device capability information may include A plurality of communication protocols supported by the second communication device. In the case of a difference, the device capability information indicates a plurality of different versions of at least two communication protocols supported by the second communication device. In step 5008, various other steps are performed as communication establishment. Part of the program. In step 5010, the first communication device selects a second communication protocol to be used', e.g., for communicating with the second communication device. Alternatively, as will be discussed below with respect to other figures, it may be considered that the second device may select for the communication of the first device, in which case it is not for the purpose of communicating with the second device but for the presence of The signal of the two devices facilitates the purpose of communication to perform the selection step, which may interfere with the first device. In some but not necessarily all embodiments A, the second communication protocol uses signal phase to convey data (e.g., user data), while the first protocol does not use signal phase to convey information. In some embodiments, the second communication protocol is one of the GSM, cDMA, and OFDM protocols. In various embodiments, the first-agreement is an agreement based on the k-mark. In some but not necessarily all implementations, the first protocol is a low bit rate protocol, e.g., a domain that is less than the maximum bit rate of 1/100 of the maximum bit rate supported by the:communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first agreement is a beacon-based support that supports a maximum bit rate of less than 3 bits per second 151133.doc 201112684 and in some implementations supports a maximum bit rate of less than 100 bits per second. Signal agreement. In some of these implementations, the second communication protocol supports a transmission bit rate greater than 1000 bits per second. The method can involve receiving a user profile symbol transmitted by the second communication device in accordance with the second communication protocol. In some such embodiments, receiving at least some of the device capability information communicated according to the first communication protocol includes receiving a beacon symbol transmitted by the second communication device at an average per-beacon symbol transmission power level. The symbol transmission power level is, for example, at least 1 〇〇 times the average per-symbol power level used by the second device to transmit the user data symbols during the communication session between the first and second devices. Therefore, in some embodiments, the user beacon symbol can be received from the second communication device at an average per-beacon symbol power level, the average per-beacon symbol power level average being the first self-transferred data. The communication device receives at least 100 times the average power level of the symbols. In some embodiments, the first communication protocol permits transmission of beacon symbols over a given symbol transmission time period that is less than (10) ((4) tones of carrier frequency modulation available for beacon symbol transmission. In the same or other embodiments The first L protocol permits transmission of the beacon symbol during a time period less than 1/100 of the transmission time period during which the user data can be transmitted. In one of the steps 5010, you execute one of the following: Step 5012, the first communication: the highest bit rate agreement of the support, receiving the aid.... "The information indicates that the highest bit rate agreement is also removed by the second device to select the agreement or as the association of the step 5G1G. 151133.doc -72. 201112684 Alternatively, the first communication device selects a device configuration that supports the second communication protocol. This may involve selecting the protocol stack to be used in step 5016 'the protocol stack support and the second communication protocol combination At least one lower level communication protocol is used. After selection in steps 5010 and/or 5014, the device is configured to operate using the selected configuration. This may involve using the device for selection. Software and/or hardware operation of the agreed stack. Although the first device may only use the selected protocol stack and continue to establish a higher layer (e.g., IP) communication session with the second communication device, in some embodiments ' Negotiation of the protocol and/or device configuration used may occur using the first communication protocol. However, this negation is optional. Thus, steps 5020, 5022, and 5024 are shown in dashed lines because this is not performed in many embodiments. In step 5020, when in use, the first communication device responds to the received device capability information by transmitting a signal (eg, 'a beacon signal including a beacon signal burst') to suggest the device group The state is communicated to the second communication device. The proposed configuration may communicate the selected second communication protocol, the selected first device group, and/or may correspond to the recommendation of the first device to recommend the specific protocol stack used by the second device. Device configuration. Operation proceeds to step 5〇22, which is used in some embodiments. In step 5022, the first wireless communication device monitors responses to suggested device configuration information. In some but not necessarily all embodiments, this involves monitoring the beacon symbols transmitted by the second communication device. The configuration received in response to the transmitted device configuration receives a recommendation different from the selected configuration. In the case of a device configuration, 151133.doc -73- 201112684 In response, the first device changes its configuration from the selected configuration to another configuration. For example, in response to additional information or advice from the second communication device The configuration is an unacceptable indication that the configuration may be a configuration suggested by the second communication device or another configuration selected by the first wireless communication device. Operation proceeds from step 5024 to step 5026 (when the step is performed) In other embodiments, the operation can proceed directly from step 5〇18 to step 5〇26. In step 5026, the 'the first communication device receives the user data from the second communication device and/or transfers the user data to the second communication device, for example, as a material for the establishment of the dragon session. In parallel with receiving and/or transmitting user data performed at the step of the towel, the first communication device transmits a signal in accordance with the first communication protocol to communicate at least some of the first communication device capability information. The transmitted signal may include a beacon signal burst to communicate the farm capacity information. In this way, even when participating in the established communication session, the first device continues to broadcast its device capability information. The operation finally stops at step Xiao, for example, when the #第 wireless terminal is powered off. It should be appreciated that the transmission of device capability information in accordance with the first communication protocol may continue to occur, for example, according to a predetermined transmission schedule, regardless of whether the communication session is ongoing or terminated. The figure shows a wireless terminal that can be used in the network shown in Fig. 32 and which can be used in the method of (4). Figure 34 is a drawing of an exemplary wireless terminal set 3 - (e) such as a 'action node', in accordance with various embodiments. The exemplary wireless terminal device 34 includes a receiver module 34 〇 2 coupled via an E bus bar 3412, a transmitting gang group _, a processor, and a user 1/〇 device 34 〇 8 and (4) J51I33.doc -74- 201112684 3410, various components are interchangeable with information and information on the busbar 3412. Memory 34 1 常 includes routine 34 14 and information/information 34 1 6. Processor 3406 (e.g., CPU) executes routine 3414 and uses data/information 3416 in memory 3410 to control the operation of wireless terminal 3400 and implement the method. The receiving module 3402 (e.g., the receiver) is coupled to the receiving antenna 34〇3, and the wireless terminal receives an apostrophe from the other wireless communication device via the receiving antenna 3 4 〇 3 . The receiving benefit module 3402 receives at least some device capability information over the air from the second pass device using the first communication protocol, the first communication protocol transmitting information using at least one of the signal frequency and time, but not using the signal phase. In some embodiments, the first agreement is a beacon signal based communication protocol. A transmitter module 3404 (e.g., a transmitter) is coupled to the transmit antenna 34A5 via which the wireless terminal transmits signals to other communication devices. The transmitted signal includes a beacon signal (eg, generated beacon signal 3454) for transmitting device capability information (eg, device capability information 3452 to be transmitted). User I/O device 3408 includes, for example, a microphone, a keyboard. , keypad, parent transition, camera, monitor, speaker, etc. The user I/C) device allows the user of the wireless terminal 3400 to input data/information, access the output data information, and control at least some functions of the wireless terminal unit 34. The routine 3414 includes a second communication protocol selection module 3418, a device configuration module 3420, a user data recovery module 3422, a beacon symbol detection group 3424, and a beacon signal information recovery module 3426. And a beacon signal generating board group 3428 ^ data / information 3416 includes the received device capability information 151133.doc • 75 · 201112684 3430, the first agreement information (such as 'based on beacon signal agreement information) 3432, identify the selected The second communication protocol information 3434, the information 3436 indicating the selected device configuration, the information 3438 indicating the communication protocol supported by the second device, the GSM protocol information 3440, the CDMA protocol information 3442, and the OFDM protocol information 3444. The data/information 3416 also includes the detected beacon symbol 3448, the beacon symbol level detection standard 345, the restored user data 3446, the device capability information to be transmitted, the generated beacon signal 3454, and the beacon signal. Information encoding/decoding information 3456. The second communication protocol selection module 3418 selects a second communication protocol 3434 to be used during communication based on the received device capability information 3430, the second communication protocol being different from the first communication protocol by at least one of: a modulation mechanism, Transmit timing, encoding, and supported bit rate. In some embodiments the 'second communication protocol uses the signal phase to convey user data. In some embodiments, the second communication protocol is one of the GSM, CDMA, and OFDM protocols. In various embodiments, the first communication protocol (e.g., a beacon-based protocol) is a communication protocol that supports a maximum bit rate that is less than 1/100 of the maximum bit rate supported by the second communication protocol. In some embodiments, the received device capability information 3430 includes a plurality of communication protocols supported by the second device. In some embodiments, the received device capability information indicates a plurality of different versions of at least one communication protocol supported by the second communication device. The device configuration module 3420 selects a device configuration that supports a second communication protocol, the device configuration selection including a selection of protocol stack elements including at least one 151133 used by the communication device in conjunction with the second communication protocol .doc •76· 201112684 Lower level communication protocol. The selected device configuration 3436 is the output of the module 3420. The user data recovery module 3422 recovers the user profile from the communication signal transmitted using the second communication protocol. The restored user profile 3446 is the output of the module 3422. The beacon symbol detection module 3424 detects the beacon symbol in the received signal, and the beacon symbol detection module 3424 uses the received signal energy to distinguish the beacon symbol from the user data symbol 'the beacon symbol system The user data symbols received by the device with the same average and confidence symbol are received by a power difference of at least 1 dB. The beacon symbol detection module 3424 uses the beacon symbol level to measure the standard information 3450 and outputs the detected beacon symbol information 3448. The information recovery module 3426 uses the information/information 3416 including the detected beacon symbol and the beacon signal information encoding/decoding information 3456 to recover the time of the recognized beacon symbol and Information passed by at least one of the frequencies. The beacon signal generation module 3428 generates a beacon signal 3454 that conveys information (e.g., device capability 3452) that includes at least one of the power beacon symbols and a plurality of intentional null values. In some embodiments, at least one of the k-signal signals is an OFDM beacon signal comprising at least one beacon signal burst, the beacon signal burst comprising at least one beacon symbol. Figure 39 illustrates a wireless terminal that can be used in the special network shown in Figure 32 and that implements the method shown in the figures. Figure 39 is a diagram of an exemplary wireless terminal unit 4 (e.g., a swivel node) in accordance with various embodiments. The exemplary wireless terminal unit 41 includes a receiver module 4丨〇2, a transmitter module 41〇4, and a processor 41〇6 connected via a 151133.doc-77-201112684 bus bar 4112_. The user 1/〇 device 41〇8 and the memory 4110 can exchange data and information on the bus bar 4112. The memory 411 includes the routine 4114 and the information/information 4116. The processor 41〇6 (e.g., the 'CPU) executes the routine 4 11 4 and uses the data/information 4116 in the memory 4 11 to control the operation of the wireless terminal unit 41 and implement the method. A receiver module 4102 (e.g., a receiver) is coupled to the receive antenna 41〇3 via which the wireless terminal receives signals from other wireless communication devices. The receiver module 4102 receives signals including at least some device capability information from the second mobile communication device using the first communication protocol, the first communication protocol transmitting the device capability information using the beacon signal bursts. The received second device k mark § § information 4118 includes information corresponding to the received signal. A launch module 4104 (e.g., a transmitter) is coupled to the transmit antenna 4丨〇5, via which the wireless terminal transmits signals to other communication devices. The transmitted signal includes a beacon signal (e.g., generated beacon signal 3454) for communicating device capability information (e.g., device capability information 3452 to be transmitted). Transmitter module 4104 transmits the signal to the second mobile communication device in accordance with the selected second protocol. User I/O device 4108 includes, for example, a microphone, a keyboard, a keypad, a switch, a camera, a display 'speaker, and the like. User 1/〇 device 41〇8 allows the user of wireless terminal device 4100 to enter data/information, access output data information, and control at least some functions of wireless terminal device 4100. The routine 4114 includes a device configuration selection module 4118, a configuration control module 4120, a second communication protocol processing module 4122, and a device capability information I51133.doc -78-201112684 recovery module 4124. The data/information 4116 includes the received second device beacon nickname information 4118, the selected device configuration information 4124, the selected overnight protocol identification information 4126, the pending received signal 4128, the processed signal 413 0, the beacon Signal transmission protocol information 4丨3 2, a plurality of value sets and corresponding device capability information sets (value 1 4134 and corresponding set of capability information sets)

4136, ..., value N 4138 and corresponding device capability information set 4140). The data/information 4116 also includes second device capability information, for example, the value of the delivery and the recovered second device capability information 4122. The information/information 4ii6 also includes agreement information 4142 corresponding to the alternative second communication protocol (type OFDM agreement information 4144, type n 〇 FDM agreement information 4146, type 丄 CDMA information 4148, type N CDMA protocol information 415 〇, type ι GSM agreement information 4152, type N GSM ^ information 4154). The device configuration selection module 4118 selects, between the plurality of possible configurations based on the received device capability information, a first mobile communication device configuration to be used by the wireless terminal device 4100 when communicating with the second communication device, The second communication protocol is selected by the first mobile communication device configuration, and the second communication protocol is different from the first communication protocol. The selected device configuration information 4124 and the selected second communication protocol identification information 4126 are selected as outputs of the selection module 4118. The configuration control module 4120 configures the wireless terminal to operate in accordance with the selected device configuration identified by the selected device configuration information 4124. The second communication processing module 4122 processes the root (four): the communication protocol transmits the received signal from the second communication device to the wireless terminal. The second communication protocol processing module 4122 processes the pure signal*(3) according to the protocol identified by the information 4126 to obtain the processed signal 4130. The agreement identified by the selected second communication protocol identification information 151133.doc-79. 201112684 4126 includes One of a plurality of agreements in the agreement information 4142 corresponding to the second age of the replacement. The device capability information recovery module 4 224 restores the transmitted device capability tfl by determining a set of capabilities information corresponding to the value obtained from the received beacon signal. The beacon signal transmits a value corresponding to a set of device capability information. From the received second device beacon signal information 4丨丨8, a value 4120 indicating the transfer of the second device capability is obtained. The device information recovery module 4124 uses the value for the device capability mapping information ((4134, 4136), ..., (4138, 4140)) to restore the first device capability information 4 122. For example, if the value transmitted by the calibration signal is the value N 4138, the restored second device capability information 4122 is the information 4140. In this exemplary embodiment, the first communication protocol is a beacon-based agreement, and the stored beacon messaging protocol information 4132 is used to communicate k', e.g., including the use of the generation and recovery of the protocol. In some embodiments, the first communication protocol does not use signal phase to convey information. For example, the value transmitted by the beacon signal is transmitted by the carrier frequency of the beacon symbol and the time at which the beacon is transmitted. In various embodiments, the first communication protocol supports a lower maximum data transfer rate than the second communication protocol. Figure 35, which includes the combination of Figures 35A-35B, illustrates an exemplary method 6000 of operating a cooperative mode of operation and a first communication device in a non-cooperative mode of operation and switching between modes. The method 6000 begins at step 6002 and proceeds to steps 6005 and 6003 which may occur in parallel. In step 6005, the first communication device receives a signal from another communication device (e.g., the 'second communication device'). Operation proceeds from step 6005 to step 6006, where the received signal is detected. In step 151133.doc 201112684, step 6006, the first communication device determines whether the received signal is from a communication device that is not in communication with the first L device, for example, from interference with the first communication device or from the first The interference of the communication device does not necessarily participate in the communication period with the first device. If the device from which the signal is received does not communicate with the first communication device, the operation proceeds to step 6008, in which the first device determines, from the received signal, the device from which the signal was received relative to the first communication device. Operate in a cooperative or non-cooperative mode.

Step 6008 can be implemented in a plurality of ways, depending on what information is obtained from the received signal. Sub-steps 6〇1〇, 6〇12, and 6〇14 are alternative ways of cooperative operation mode and are visible for reception. In some embodiments, only one or some of the sub-steps 6〇1〇, 6〇12, 6〇14 are supported. When sub-step 6008 is used, decision 6010, the first device determines whether the device transmitting the signal is in the cellular mode of operation from the device information in the received signal or (4) the die-centered mode of operation can be interpreted as indicating the cooperation mode, and the special device is used. The mode may and in some cases be interpreted as indicating a non-cooperative operation of Equation 1, in other embodiments, the special operation does not necessarily imply a non-combination mode. In sub-step 6〇12, the communication network corresponding to the transmission device is conscious of whether (4) whether the first-test is cooperative or non-consistent =::. If the device transmitting the received signal corresponds to the first skirt _2, it is determined that it operates in a cooperative manner. When sub-step decision 2 is used, it is determined that the device corresponding to another network 'from which the signal is received is operated in a non-cooperative manner [When the service provider and/or the use surface 151133.doc •81·201112684 group information is used to determine the device When operating in a cooperative or non-cooperative mode, use sub-step 6014. In step 6014, the first communication device determines whether the device transmitting the received s s number corresponds to the same or different service provider or group of users as the first communication device. This can be done by comparing the service provider and/or user group information indicating the storage of the service provider and/or user group of the first device with the service provider corresponding to the determination of the device transmitting the received signal or User group to complete. If the device transmitting the received signal corresponds to the same service provider or group of users, it is determined to operate in cooperative mode. Otherwise, it is determined that it operates in a non-cooperative mode. Other ways of determining the means for transmitting a signal include comparing the transmission device service provider or user group with a service provider and/or user group 1 that is known to operate a list in a non-cooperative manner. Yet another way of determining the means for transmitting the received signal is to determine the type of signal and/or the protocol used to communicate, and then determine from the information whether the device uses a signal indicating a non-cooperative mode or an association I. In other words, detecting a signal corresponding to a technology or communication protocol that does not support power control and/or interference control signaling can be considered to detect a non-cooperative mode of operation. Operation proceeds from step _8 to step 嶋, wherein the mode of operation of the communication device is determined, for example, based on the step of deleting the mode of operation of the other device. *& music such as strong /::' of the received signal may also consider other factors, such as the signal received from it; ^ the duration of the signal received and / or ^ ^ Α . π . '&quot The other factors of the communication protocol used, etc., determine or estimate the amount of interference that the first communication device can experience due to the presence of another communication device. In at least some 151133.doc -S2- 201112684 ° "in the column" in most cases, assuming that the other device that the first communication device is not communicating with is not in the communication area of the first device, when receiving from it When the device of the signal is judged to be in the non-cooperative mode, the first communication device will select the non-cooperative mode, and the first communication device will select the cooperation mode when the device receiving the signal is in the cooperative operation mode. In the case where the cooperation between the cooperative operation mode and the non-cooperative operation mode has been performed in step 6016, the operation proceeds to the step 6040 via the connection node 6 (10). In step 6〇4, the first communication device selection is used for A device configuration in which one or more other devices (e.g., a third device) communicate, while operating in an optional mode. In some embodiments, in the sub-step _, if the non-cooperative mode of operation has been selected and the first communication device is in a communication session with the third communication device supporting the first and second communication protocols (the second device does not support the The second protocol) 'The first communication device will select the configuration of the communication protocol that is not supported by the first communication device but supported by the third communication device (the first device communicates with the second communication device). In some examples, the first and second protocols for switching between devices are WiFi and Bluetooth. Due to the fact that the second device does not support the selected protocol, the second device will not be able to control or influence the communication between the first and third devices using the interference control signaling corresponding to the selected protocol. Operation proceeds from step 6040 to step 6044, where a determination is made to check if the first communication device is operating in the selected mode of operation and if the device configuration and/or protocol is used. If the current mode of operation, configuration, and agreement in use match the selection made, no change in device operation is required and operation proceeds to step 6046, in which the first device 151133.doc • 83· 201112684 continues at the current Operation mode τ operation. However, if the current operating state of the device matches, then the operation is from L:: = In step _, the operating mode and/or device configuration is changed;: The selections made in steps 60 and 6040 are matched. The text is also in the middle of the operation: Γ 6 and _ to the step _ °. In step _ ... I: selected operating mode (for example, non-cooperative operation: two. If the mode is non-cooperative mode, then some can be used regardless of the other: step 6 〇 52 'first device operation to maximum The effect of the communication, such as the operation of the device from which the signal is received, may involve operations to maximize data throughput, for example, by power level and/or minimum. Transmission delay (eg, by rapidly transmitting a signal 'without the impact of communication between the current transmission and the previous transmission to another device). In cooperative operation mode, in some embodiments: 'First communication Apparatus Implementation Sub-step 6〇54 'In this step (4), the first communication device responds to the interference control signal and/or additionally considers the impact of its transmission on the device with which it is not communicating, as part of the communication session. 6〇06, if it is determined that the detected signal is received from a communication device that is in communication with the first communication device, the operation proceeds to step 6021. Depending on the operation mode, when in the communication session, the first Device can Cooperative operation mode or non-cooperative operation mode operation. In step _, the signal received by the receiver is the interference control signal. If the signal is not the interference control signal, the operation proceeds to step 6〇2〇, in the step. (9) 汕 'Processing received signals (eg, restoring user data) and sending a response when appropriate (eg, in response to a received signal, may send a confirmation letter 151133.doc • 84 - 201112684 and/or provide for use If it is determined in step 6〇21 that the received signal is the interference control_, the operation proceeds to step 6022, and a check is made in step 6〇22 to determine whether the first device is in the cooperative operation mode or the non-cooperative operation mode. Operation <^ The first device operates in a non-cooperative mode of operation, the operation proceeds to step 6〇24, in which the interference control signal, which may be a power transfer control signal, is ignored. However, if the first decision is made in step 6020 The communication device operates in a cooperative operation mode, and the operation proceeds from step 6022 to step 6〇26. In the % of the step, the first communication device responds to the received signal. Interference control operation. The interference control operation may be, for example, a transmission power level control operation, such as reducing a transmission power level of a device for transmitting user data. In addition to user data, the beacon signal is used by the first device. In the case of transmission, the average transmission power level of the beacon symbol may not be changed when the transmission power level for transmitting the user symbol is lowered. Referring again to step 6003 of Figure 35A, this step may occur in parallel with the processing just described. In step 6003, the first communication device monitors the detachment of the communication area of the first communication device by detecting the device. The signal can be received (eg, 'communication signal and/or used' by the device that previously transmitted the signal. The detachment is detected by a beacon signal that informs other devices of the presence and/or capabilities of a device. When the disengagement of the device is detected, operation proceeds from step 6〇〇3 via connection node 6004 to step 6060 shown in Figure 35C. In step 6060, 'the first communication device determines whether it operates in a mode or uses a configuration selected due to the presence or reception of a communication signal from the communication device' that the communication device is detected as having detached corresponding to the first Communication equipment 151133.doc -85- 201112684 set the communication area. If the mode is not due to the disengaged device, then operation is performed 6_ and the first communication device continues to operate in the mode of operation in which it was started. However, if the mode of operation is due to the presence of a second device or a signal from the second device, then operation 6062 is performed. ^ In the step, the first communication device is in cooperative operation mode based on its current conditions (eg, the presence or absence of other k devices operating in a cooperative or non-cooperative manner in the region of the first communication device) Choose between cooperative operating modes. Once the selection between the cooperative mode of operation and the non-cooperative mode of operation has been performed, then in the step-by-step, when operating in the selected mode of operation, the device is selected - for use with one or more other devices (eg, the third device) ) Configuration of the communication. In step 6062, in sub-steps 6〇66 of the embodiment of the second yoke, the device can switch to the first communication protocol used before the second communication device enters the area. Thus, 'if the first communication device switches from the first protocol to the second communication protocol that the second communication device does not support in response to the signal received from the second communication device, then when the second device leaves the region, The first communication device can switch back to the first communication protocol. In the absence of interference from the second device, the 'first-communication protocol can provide a higher data transmission rate. When the field device has interference from the second device, it provides a second agreement that is not supported by the use of the second communication device. The information achieved by the data transmission rate is low

The material transmission rate 1 - and the second agreement may be an 0FDM agreement such as medical i and Bluetooth. Alternatively, it may be a very different agreement such as Γςιν/ΓΑ~Λ such as the CSMA protocol and the OFDM protocol. 151133.doc •86· 201112684 In the case where the device configuration selection has been made in step _, the operation proceeds to the step, in step _8, whether the first-heart device has been operated in the selected mode and has a selected If the first communication device has been operated according to the selected mode and configuration, the operation proceeds to step 6G7G, wherein the operation mode remains unchanged. (4) If the first communication device is not already in the selected mode and (4), (d) proceeding to step _ in step 6072, the first communication device switches to the selected mode and/or device configuration.

Operation proceeds from steps 6070 and 6072 to step 6, where the device is in a selected mode of operation (eg, cooperative operating mode 6〇76 or non-cooperative mode 6 〇78 as described previously with respect to the steps). )operating. Figure 36 is a drawing of an exemplary wireless terminal unit % (9) (e.g., a mobile node) in accordance with various embodiments. The exemplary wireless terminal unit 36 includes a receiver module 36〇2 coupled to the busbar 3612, a transmitter module 3604, a processor 3606, a user I/O device 36〇8, and a memory. Body 3610, the various components are interchangeable with information and information on the busbar 3612. The hidden body 3610 includes the routine 3614 and the information/information 3616. The processor 3606 (e.g., CPU) executes routine 3 614 and uses the data/information 3616 in the memory 3 61 to control the operation of the wireless terminal 3600 and implement the method. Receiver module 3602 (e.g., receiver) is coupled to receive antenna 36〇3 via which the wireless terminal receives an nickname from other wireless communication devices. Receiver module 3602 receives signals from the second communication device over the air link. The transmit benefit module 3604 (e.g., 'transmitter) is coupled to the transmit antenna 3 605, 151133.doc • 87· 201112684 via the transmit antenna 3605 to transmit signals to other communication devices. For example, the wireless terminal can transmit a signal to the third communication device 'as part of the communication session 0 " User I/O device 3608 includes, for example, a microphone, a keyboard, a keypad, a switch, a camera, a display , speakers, etc. User I/O device 3608 allows a user of wireless terminal device 3600 to enter data/information, access output data information, and control at least some of the functions of wireless terminal device 36. The routine 3614 includes a mode determination module 3618 'a mode selection module 3620, a communication module 3622, a data throughput maximization module "and an interference control module 3626. The data / information 3616 includes the receiving Two device signal information 3634, determination relationship information 3636 (eg, cooperative or non-cooperative relationship) with respect to the second device, a determined second device operation mode 3638 (eg, cellular or special), a second device for determination Service provider information 3640 and determined second device user group information 3642. Feeder/information 3616 also includes information indicating the selected mode of operation (eg, cooperative communication mode or non-cooperative communication mode), received interference control signals 3644 and third device identification information 3648. Information/information 3616 also includes WT 3600 service provider information 3652, WT 36〇〇 user group information 3654, wt 36〇〇 non-cooperative service provider information π% and WT 3.0〇 Non-cooperative user group information 3658. Service provider information 3652 includes information identifying the service provider of WT 3600 and identifying other partnership service providers (which can be viewed Information for collaboration. User group information 3654 identifies the user group that the WT 3600 considers to be a collaboration. Non-cooperative service provider information includes identifying the %7 3600 service 151133 that is considered to be a non-cooperative relationship with the WT 3600. .doc -88 - 201112684 Information from the provider. The producer group is not considered to be a non-cooperative user group. In some embodiments, it does not include the poverty alleviation 3656 and / Or 3658 and lack of information about the service provider, and/or user group information 3654 is sufficient to classify as having a non-cooperative system.

The mode decision module 3618 determines from the received signal (e.g., from the received second device signal information 3634) whether the second communication skirt is in a cooperative or non-cooperative communication relationship with the wireless terminal. The decision relationship information 3636 relative to the second device identifying one of the cooperative relationship and the non-cooperative relationship is the output of the mode decision module blue. In some embodiments, when the second communication device operates to maximize its own data throughput regardless of the effect of the second communication device's signaling on the wireless terminal device 3, the second communication device is It is considered to operate in a non-cooperative mode of operation. In some embodiments, when the transmission output power of the second communication device is responsive to a control pass from another device, the second communication device is considered to operate in a cooperative relationship. In some embodiments, determining, by the received signal, whether the second communication skirt is in a cooperative or non-cooperative relationship comprises determining from the received second device information whether the second communication device is in a cellular mode of operation (where the communication device is responsive to The base station's resource configuration signal) operation is still operated in the special fall mode. The determined second device mode of operation (e.g., the special hive type) 363 8 is the output determined by module 361 8 . The mode decision module 3618 includes a service provider sub-module 363 and a user group sub-module 3632 that receive signals from the second communication device for determination. The service provider sub-module 363 determines the service provider associated with the second communication device phase 151133.doc -89- [5] 201112684 and uses the stored service provider information 3652 and/or 3656 to determine the second communication device Use the same-service provider or a service provider that is considered to be a partner with the WT 3600's own service provider. Advice 3640 is the output of sub-module 3630. The user group sub-module 3632 uses the information 3654 to determine whether the second communication device is included in the user group to which the WT 36 is located. The user group sub-module 3632 uses the information 3658 to determine whether the second communication device is included in the WT 36, which is considered to be a non-cooperative user group. The determined second user group information 3642 is the output of the user group sub-module 3632. Mode selection module 3620 selects between one of a cooperative communication mode of operation and a non-cooperative communication mode of operation based on the determination of module 3618. The information 3644 indicating the selected mode of operation is the output of the mode selection module 362A. When operating in the selected mode of communication, the communication module 3622 is configured to communicate with the third pass L device. The selected mode of communication is indicated by information 3 644. The third device identification information 3648 is stored in the data/information 3616. For example, the wireless terminal 3600 has a communication session with the third communication device, and the first communication device is in a local zone that causes interference. When the selected mode is the cooperative operation mode, the data throughput maximization mode 624 maximizes the influence of the communication between the wireless terminal and the third communication device without communicating with the communication of the second device. When the selected mode of operation is the non-cooperative mode of operation, the interference control module 3626 responds to the selected mode of operation, and the interference control module 3626 ignores the interference control signal (e.g., the received interference control k number 3 644). In some embodiments the interference control is a transmission power control signal. In various embodiments, the interference control module 3626 is responsive to the interference control signal when the selected 151133.doc 201112684 = is the cooperative mode of operation.

Referring to FIG. 37, an operation-communication|disconnection (for example, a third communication device: a method of operating as a communication intermediate for the first and second devices) and the second device are attributed to The difference between the support of the first device and the second device does not have the ability to directly exchange user data with each other. The method of Fig. 37 is well suited for use in a system such as the special network of Fig. 32, in which eight are different. A plurality of devices establish a special network. To explain the method of Figure 37, assuming that each of the first, second, and third devices supports - a first agreement that can be used to communicate device capability information. It may be, for example, a low bit rate agreement that is inappropriate due to low bit rate or other reasons for communicating user data (eg, text, video material, or audio material). In some but not necessarily all embodiments, the first agreement is based on Agreement for beacons. In addition to supporting the first agreement, the first device supports a second communication protocol that can be used to exchange user data, for example, a second physical layer agreement, such as a GSM, CDMA or OFDM protocol. In addition to supporting the first agreement, the second device supports a third communication protocol that can be exchanged for user data but different from the second communication protocol, such as a 'third physical layer agreement, such as GSM, CDMA or OFDM protocol. And the fact that at least one of the second devices does support the second and third agreements makes it difficult or impossible to directly transfer the user data between the two devices. In the example of Figure 37, in addition to the first communication protocol In addition, the third device supports the second and third communication protocols that can be used to exchange user data. Therefore, the third communication device is capable of supporting direct interoperability (eg, due to 151133.doc •91-201112684). Multi-protocol device of a communication protocol for the physical difference of the signals used and/or the manner in which the information is encoded according to the protocol used. In some embodiments, the first pass 4 device and/or other communication device is a palm-type portable communication device In addition to the first, second and third agreements, one or more of the first, second and third devices may support one or more higher level agreements, for example, a fourth agreement of the network layer protocol. In some embodiments, the first and third devices support the same-network layer protocol, however, in the absence of assistance from the second communication device, due to the The low level agreement incompatibility, the first and second devices are not interactive. Referring now to Figure 37, it can be seen that the method 7 of operating the third communication device begins in step 7002 and proceeds to step 7〇〇4. In step 7〇〇4, the third communication device transmits a signal (eg, a portion of the beacon signal) according to the first communication protocol to transmit the indication including the third device supporting the second and third communication protocols. Device capability information. Next, in step ,, the third communication device receives device capability information transmitted using the first communication protocol from at least one of the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device. Note that the order of steps 7〇〇6 and 7004 is not important, and in fact, since it is not necessary for both devices to receive capability information to establish communication, usually; both steps 7004, 7006 must be performed. In step 7_, the third communication device can receive, in the step simplification, the first part of the beacon signal that the first communication device can support the second communication protocol. Similarly, as part of step 7006, the third communication device can receive, in step 7_, at least a portion of the beacon signal indicating that the second communication device is capable of supporting the third 'pass. 151133.doc -92- 201112684 After having received the device capability information in step 7006, the third communication device proceeds to step 7015 to establish a communication link with the first device using the second communication protocol. For example, this can be, for example, a CDMA link. The third communication device also proceeds to establish a communication link with the second communication device using the third communication protocol. This can be, for example, a FDM or GSM protocol link. In the case where a communication link is established with the first and second devices using the second and third protocols, respectively, the third communication device is operable to operate as a communication intermediate between the first and second devices.

In some embodiments, upon establishing a link with the first and second devices, the third device transmits a path selection update signal (eg, as shown in optional step 701 8) to one or more devices, for example, a router in the network and/or first and second devices providing at least some connectivity information indicating to the other devices in the system that the third communication device is now available as the first and second communication devices Communication intermediates, for example, for packet forwarding and/or other purposes. The path selection update sent in step 7〇18 may be and begins at the beginning of the manifold; you are always in the & na ^ . The consistent example is the network used to pass the updated network layer path selection information. The layer path selects the update message. The method 7018 performs the communication device operation as the communication between the first communication device and the second communication device. The step 70 includes the following one or more of the following steps: from the first communication to the first communication device and / or from the second communication device to the first through the installation of the eyebrows; provide network connectivity (❹ 许 许 - 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 与 - Operation as intercommunicator 7 > 026 by transferring 151133.doc • 93- 201112684 between different protocols (eg, second and third agreements) while transmitting signals between the first and second devices, and Bridging a communication link established with the first communication device and a communication link 7028 established with the second communication device. After the third communication device operates as a period of communication intermediate between the first and second devices and/or During the period, the device capability information may also be transmitted according to the first protocol as shown in step 7〇3〇. At some point, the operation is stopped in step 7032, for example, because the third communication device is powered off or the other device leaves the third Communication area in which the communication device operates. By using FIG. Illustrative method for using a connection communication device as a communication intermediate between devices that do not support physical layer connectivity sufficient for the parent to exchange user data, thereby achieving network layer connectivity. Therefore, although in a special network The small beta of the device can support multiple protocols (e.g., at a physical layer capable of supporting the exchange of user data), but in accordance with the present invention, such multi-protocol devices can be used to establish that relatively inexpensive devices can communicate with each other. The network is used. In some embodiments, the wireless terminal used as the communication intermediary keeps track of the device to which it provides the service. For example, based on a reduced service charge for the service provided to the intermediary device or as a service to the pair. The benefits received by the owner of the first and second devices may then be reported to the central accounting processing device or to the service compensation services and intermediates provided. This tracking and crediting method is well suited The use of special networks in the licensed spectrum' where even if the base station and/or other infrastructure components may not be directly involved in the communication, The spectrum licensee may also be charged to receive the right to operate in the spectrum. 151133.doc • 94· 201112684 FIG. 38 is an exemplary wireless terminal set 4 (eg, 'action node') in accordance with various embodiments. In some embodiments, the wireless terminal 4000 is a mobile handset. The exemplary wireless terminal 4000 supports at least one first communication protocol, a second communication protocol, and a third communication protocol, the first, The first and third communication protocols are different. The exemplary wireless terminal device 4 includes a receiver module 4002 coupled via a bus bar 4012, a transmission module 4004, a processor 4006, and a user I. /O device 4008 and memory 4010 'various components are interchangeable with data and information on the bus bar 4〇12. The 5th memory 4010 includes the routine 4014 and the information/information 4016. The processor 4006 (e.g., CPU) executes the routine 4〇14 and uses the information/information 4016 in the memory 4〇1 to control the operation of the wireless terminal unit 4 and implement the method. Receiver module 4002 (e.g., a receiver) is interfaced to receive antenna 4〇〇3 via which the wireless terminal receives signals from other wireless communication devices. The receiver module 4002 receives device capability information from at least one of the first communication device and the second communication device, the device capability information being communicated using the first communication protocol. The information 4038 corresponds to the first communication protocol and the device capability information corresponding to the reception of the first device and the first device is information (4034, 4036). A transmission module 4004 (e.g., a transmitter) is coupled to the transmission antenna 4〇〇5 via which the wireless terminal transmits signals to other communication devices. The transmission module 4004 is configured to transmit a signal for transmitting the capability information of the device to another communication device, and the step of the station is to perform the attack on the wireless terminal to support the wireless terminal. Second and third communication agreement L incentives. The signal generated by the transmission information 4070 is transmitted by the transmission module 4004, which is known as 5唬4〇72. The transmission module 4004 also 151133.doc • 95· 201112684 transmits the processed signal 4068 (eg, the protocol conversion signal) to the first communication device and transmits the processed signal 4〇68 (eg, the protocol conversion signal) to the second communication. Device. User I/O device 4008 includes, for example, a microphone, a keyboard, a keypad, a parent converter, a camera, a display, a speaker, and the like. User 1/〇 device 4〇〇8 allows the user of wireless terminal 4000 to enter data/information, access output data information, and control at least some functions of wireless terminal unit. The routine 4014 includes a communication delivery module 4018' - a network layer connectivity module 4020', a second communication protocol module 4022, a third communication protocol module 4024, and a first physical layer communication protocol module 4026. A second physical layer communication protocol module 4028, a third physical layer communication protocol module 4〇3〇, and a relay tracking module 4032. The poor/lean 4016 includes device capability information 4034 corresponding to the device 1 received, device capability information 4〇36 corresponding to the device 2, and device capability information 4储存7〇 corresponding to the storage capacity of the WT 4000 device. The data/information 4016 also includes first communication agreement information 4〇38, second communication agreement information, and third communication agreement information 4041. In various embodiments, the first communication protocol is a beacon based protocol. The second communication protocol information 4039 includes an information identification protocol used between the WT 4000 and the first communication device. The third communication protocol information 4041 includes an information identification protocol used between the WT 4000 and the second communication device. The data/information 4〇丨6 also includes a plurality of information sets (MAC layer protocol 1 information 4044, ..., MAC layer protocol η information) for supporting different mac layer protocols, and supports different network layer protocols. Multiple information sets (network layer protocol 1 information 4048, ..., network layer protocol Μ information 151133.doc • 96· 201112684 4050), support multiple layers of different physical layer agreements (physical layer agreement 1 Information 4040, ..., physical layer agreement m information 4042) and a plurality of information sets for supporting higher level agreements (higher level agreement 1 information 4052, ..., higher level agreement N information 4054) . The data/information 4016 also includes means for identifying the protocol used by the communication device i (when communicating with the wireless terminal 4000)! The protocol uses the information 4〇56 and identifies the device 458 for use by the device 2 of the protocol used by the communication device 2 (when communicating with the wireless terminal device 4000). The data/information 4016 includes device 1/device 2 protocol conversion information 4060, device 1 intended for device 2 receives signal information 4062, device 1 intended for processing of device 2 receives information 4〇64, intended for device 1 The device 2 receives the signal information 4066, and the device 2 intended for the processing of the device 1 receives the information 4068. The data/information 4016 also includes a beacon signal 4072 that transmits the generated WT 400 device capability information 4070. The cumulative amount of information provided by the relay service 4074 is also included in the information/information 4016. The communication transfer module 40 1 8 relays between the first and second communication devices. The first communication device supports the first and second communication protocols, and the second communication device supports the first and second communication protocols. In some embodiments, the first communication protocol is a low bit rate protocol that supports a maximum bit rate that is less than 1/1 of the bit rate supported by either of the first and second communication protocols. In various embodiments, the 'first communication protocol is a beacon-based communication protocol. In some embodiments, for some of the first and second communication devices, the wireless terminal 4000, the first communication device, and the second communication device support a fourth agreement 'the fourth agreement corresponds to the second and the third The higher level communication layer of the two layers corresponding to the agreement "In some embodiments, between some time 151133.doc -97 - 201112684, the second and third agreements correspond to the same communication layer. The network layer connectivity module 4020 provides network layer connectivity between the first and second communication devices to communicate network layer signals using the first and second communication links. The one-night protocol module 4022 supports a first MAC layer protocol for communicating with the first communication device. The third communication protocol module 4024 supports a second MAC layer protocol for communicating with the second communication device, the first and the second MAC layer protocol being different. The first consistent body layer protocol module 4026 performs operations that support the first communication protocol (e.g., beacon-based protocol). The second physical layer communication protocol module 4028 is for supporting a second physical layer protocol for communicating with the first communication device. The third physical layer communication protocol module 4 is used to support a third physical layer protocol for communicating with the second communication device. Relay tracking module 4032 tracks communications provided to other wireless communication devices

Reduced fees, self-improvement features and/or downloads, etc.

It is described, but in various non-OFDM, many non-TDD wide-range communication systems. Although the method and apparatus of the embodiments in the context of an OFDM TDD system are applicable to a wide range of 151I33.doc 201112684 including many non-systematic and/or many non-cellular systems, in various embodiments, using - or multiple modules The node performs steps corresponding to one or more methods, for example, generating a signal, transmitting a beacon signal, receiving a beacon signal, monitoring a beacon signal: recovering information from the received beacon signal, determining timing adjustment, Real two: adjust, change the operating mode, start the communication session, and so on. In some embodiments, modules are used to implement various features. These modules can be implemented using software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. The above described methods or method steps can be implemented using machine-executable instructions (such as software) included in a machine-readable medium such as a memory device (eg, a spindle, a floppy disk, etc.) to control the machine. (For example, a general purpose computer with or without additional hardware) to implement all or part of the methods described above, for example, in one or more nodes. By & various embodiments are directed to a machine-readable medium comprising machine-executable instructions for causing a machine (eg, a processor and associated hardware) to perform one of the steps of the methods described above or More. In view of the above description, many additional variations to the methods and apparatus described above will be apparent to those skilled in the art. These changes are considered to be within the scope. Various methods and apparatus may and in various embodiments, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and/or various other types of wireless communication links that may be used to provide a wireless communication link between an access node and a mobile node. Communication Technology Uses Beta Together In some embodiments, an access node is implemented as a base station that establishes a communication link with a mobile node using 〇fdm and/or CDMA. In various embodiments, the action node is implemented as a notebook computer, a personal data assistant (PDA) or a receiver/transmitter circuit for implementing the methods of the various embodiments and/or 151133.doc •99· 201112684 logic and/or Other portable devices of the usual type. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary utility communication network implemented in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary user false detection problem in a particular network when there is no general timing reference. 3 illustrates an exemplary air link resource for transmitting a beacon signal including three exemplary beacon signal bursts, each beacon signal burst including a beacon symbol. 4 illustrates exemplary relative transmission power levels between beacon symbols and data/control signals in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 5 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of transmitting a beacon signal burst. Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which received beacon signal bursts may occur during some specified time interval and at other times the receiver is turned off to save power. Figure 7 is a diagram for describing how to solve the problem of using a decompression disorder when transmitting and receiving a beacon signal burst as described in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 8 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a state diagram implemented in a terminal. Figure 9 illustrates a detailed description of an exemplary wireless terminal implemented in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 10 is a drawing of a flow diagram of an exemplary method of operating a portable wireless terminal in accordance with various embodiments. 11 is a diagram of a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a portable wireless terminal in accordance with various embodiments. 151133.doc • 100- 201112684 Figure 2 is a diagram of a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a portable wireless terminal, such as a 'battery powered mobile node, in accordance with various embodiments. 13 is a diagram of a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a tape-type wireless terminal, such as a 'battery-powered mobile node, in accordance with various embodiments.圔Μ includes a diagram illustrating an exemplary beacon transmission in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 15 illustrates that different wireless terminals transmit different beacon signals including different beacon burst signals in some embodiments. Figure 16 is a diagram and corresponding legend illustrating features of some embodiments, wherein the beacon symbol transmission unit includes a plurality of 〇1?] 〇河 symbol transmission units. Figure 17 is a diagram for explaining an exemplary teacher signal including a sequence of beacon burst signals and illustrating timing relationships of some embodiments. Figure 18 is a diagram for explaining an exemplary target signal of a beacon burst signal including a sequence and a timing relationship of the m embodiment. σ Figure 19 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary μ link resource partitioned by a wireless terminal in a wireless terminal transmission. Figure 20 shows an exemplary operational mode of the wireless terminal. In the active air link resource portion of the action, the relevant information is as follows: The wireless terminal transmits and/or transmits the user data in the pull mode. The old-fashioned wheel - Figure 21 illustrates the wireless terminal's operational mode of operation, for example, a non-operating wireless terminal, such as a non-active mode and an active mode. 151133.doc • 101 · 201112684 FIG. 22 includes a diagram and corresponding illustrations illustrating exemplary wireless terminal air link resource utilization during an exemplary first time interval including two beacon bursts. Figure 23 includes a diagram and corresponding illustrations illustrating exemplary wireless terminal air link resource utilization during an exemplary first time interval including two beacon bursts. Figure 24 illustrates a descriptive illustration of an alternative to a beacon signal in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 25 is a drawing of an exemplary portable wireless terminal (e.g., a mobile node) in accordance with various embodiments. 26 is a diagram of a flowchart of an illustrative method of operating a communication device (e.g., a battery powered wireless terminal) in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 27 is a drawing of an exemplary portable wireless terminal (e.g., 'action node') in accordance with various embodiments. 28 is a diagram of two wireless terminal descriptions for a particular network + - an exemplary timeline, sequence of events, and operations, the terminals knowing each other and achieving timing by using a wireless terminal beacon signal Synchronize. Figure 29 illustrates an exemplary synchronization sequence between two wireless terminals based on beacon signals, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. Figure 30 illustrates an exemplary synchronization sequence between two wireless terminals based on beacon signals, in accordance with another exemplary embodiment. The figure illustrates an exemplary synchronization sequence between two wireless terminals based on a beacon signal in accordance with another exemplary embodiment. Figure 32 illustrates a plurality of 151133.docs having different capabilities including forming a special network. 102- 201112684 An exemplary communication system for a line communication device. Figure 33 illustrates a method of operating a communication device to establish and participate in a communication session with another device. Figure 34 illustrates a communication device that can be used as the system shown in Figure 32. An exemplary communication device of one of the drawings. Figure 35, which includes a combination of Figure 35A, Figure MB, and Figure 35C, illustrates a method of operating a communication device capable of operating in a cooperative mode of operation and a non-cooperative mode of operation.

Figure 36 illustrates another exemplary communication device that can be used as one of the communication devices of the exemplary system shown in Figure 32. Figure 37 illustrates a method of operation that can serve as a communication intermediate for other I-sets (e.g., the first and second communication devices of the particular network shown in Figure 32). 1 Figure 38 illustrates the arrangement that can be used to implement Figure 37. An exemplary communication device for the method of the hall

Figure 39 illustrates an exemplary communication device that can be used in Figure 32. One of the communication devices of the system shown [main component symbol description] 100 special communication network 102 first wireless terminal 104 second wireless terminal 106 geographical area 200 graphic 202 time interval 151133.doc -103 - 201112684 204 Time interval 206 Time interval 208 Time interval 300 Figure 301 Horizontal axis 302 Vertical axis 304 Small frame 306 Small black frame 308 Beacon signal burst/beacon symbol burst 310 Beacon signal burst/beacon symbol burst 312 Beacon signal burst/beacon symbol cluster 400 Figure 401 Horizontal axis 404 Vertical rectangle 406 Black rectangle 408 Average transmission power 500 Figure 502 Beacon signal burst A 504 Beacon signal burst B 505 Symbol period 506 Beacon Signal burst C 600 Figure 602 On time 604 On time 151133.doc • 104· 201112684

606 Shutdown time 700 Figure 701 Horizontal axis 702 On time interval 710 Beacon signal burst 712 Beacon signal burst 714 Beacon signal burst 720 First wireless terminal 722 Transmitter 724 Second wireless terminal 726 Receiver 800 State Diagram 802 State 804 State 806 State 808 State 900 Wireless Terminal 902 Enclosure 904 Processor 906 Bus 910 Memory 911 Beacon Signal 912 Transmitter/Control Module 913 Beacon Signal 151133.doc • 105 - 201112684 914 Communication/Control Data 915 Synchronization Module 916 Beacon Signal Configuration Information 918 Shutdown Time Configuration Information 930 Wireless Communication Interface Module 932 Receiver Module 934 Transmitter Module 936 Antenna 938 Duplexer 940 User Input/Output Interface 942 User Input Device 944 User Output Device 1000 Flowchart 1100 Flowchart 1200 Flowchart 1300 Flowchart 1310 Connection Node A 1312 Connection Node B 1314 Current Time Information 1316 Mode and/or Status Information 1318 Priority Information 1324 Beacon role flag 1326 mode and / or status information 1328 Priority Information 151133.doc -106- 201112684 1330 Peer Node Information 1336 Data Transmission Flag 1340 Time Structure Information 1344 Beacon Signal Definition Information 1348 Beacon Symbol Power Level Information 1352 User Reserve Information 1356 User Profile 1360 User data symbol power level information 1400 Figure 1402 Vertical axis 1404 Horizontal axis 1406 Beacon burst 1 signal 1408 Non-cluster time interval 1410 Beacon burst 1 signal 1412 Non-cluster time interval 1414 Beacon burst 1 signal 1416 non-cluster time interval 1418 beacon burst 1 signal 1420 non-cluster time interval 1422 beacon burst signal / beacon signal 1424 beacon burst signal / beacon signal 1426 beacon burst signal / beacon signal 1428 Beacon burst signal/beacon signal 1450 Figure 151133.doc • 107- 201112684 1452 Vertical axis 1454 Horizontal axis 1456 Beacon burst 1 signal 1458 Non-cluster time interval 1460 Beacon burst 2 signal 1462 Non-cluster time Interval 1464 beacon burst 3 signal 1466 non-cluster interval 1468 beacon burst 1 signal 1470 non-cluster interval 1472 Beacon signal 1500 Figure 1502 Legend 1504 Vertical axis 1506 Horizontal axis 1508 Beacon burst signal 1510 Grid box / Beacon symbol transmission unit 1512 Capital letter B / Beacon symbol B 1550 Figure 1552 Legend 1556 Horizontal axis 1558 Beacon Cluster signal 1600 Figure 1602 Figure 151133.doc -108- 201112684 1604 Vertical axis 1606 Horizontal axis 1608 Horizontal axis 1610 Beacon burst signal 1612 OFDM symbol transmission unit / square box 1614 Beacon symbol transmission unit / rectangular frame 1616 Beacon Symbol BS/Capital letter BS 1700 Figure 1702 Vertical axis 1704 Horizontal axis 1706 Beacon burst 1 signal 1707 Beacon symbol 1708 Beacon burst 2 signal 1709 Beacon symbol 1710 Beacon burst 3 signal 1711 Beacon symbol 1712 Letter Standard cluster 1 signal interval τΒ1 1714 Beacon burst 2 signal interval TB2 1716 Beacon burst 3 signal interval TB3 1718 Interval between bursts Tbb 1/2 1720 Interval between bursts Tbb2/ 3 1800 Figure 1802 Vertical axis 1804 Horizontal axis 151133.doc -109- 201112684 1806 Beacon burst 1 signal 1807 Beacon symbol 1808 Beacon Crowd 2 signal 1809 Beacon symbol 1810 Beacon burst 3 signal 1811 Beacon symbol 1812 Beacon burst 1 signal time interval τΒ1 1814 Beacon burst 2 signal time interval TB2 1816 Beacon burst 3 signal time interval TB3 1818 Time interval between bursts ΤβΒ 1/2 1820 Time interval between bursts Tbb2/3 1900 Figure 1902 Vertical axis 1904 Horizontal axis 1906 Beacon transmission resource 1906' Beacon transmission resource 1906 丨丨 Beacon transmission resource 1906 '" Beacon transmission resource 1908 Other use resources 1908' Other use resources 1908" Other use resources 1908", Other use resources 2000 Other use resources 2002 Non-cluster time interval 151133.doc -110- 201112684 2004 Beacon monitoring resource 2006 User Data Transmission/Reception Resources 2008 Quiet Resource/Unused Resources 2100 Figure 2102 Beacon Transmission Cluster Resources 2104 Monitoring and Receiving Beacon Information Resources 2106 Quiet Resource 2108 Carrier Frequency 2110 Duration T 1 inaetive 2112 Duration T2inactive 2114 Duration T3inactjve 2150 Figure 2152 Beacon Transmission Crowd Resources 2154 Monitoring and Receiving Beacon Information Resources 2156 User Data Transmission/Reception Resources 2158 Quiet Resource 2162 Duration Tlactive 2164 Duration T2aCtive 2166 Duration T3active 2168 Duration T4aetive 2200 Figure 2202 Figure 2204 Square 2206 Shaded Square/Letter Symbol 151133.doc -111 - 201112684 2208 Letter D 2209 First time interval 2210 Beacon transmission resource 2212 Beacon monitoring resource 2214 User data transmission/reception resource 2216 Beacon transmission resource 2300 Figure 2302 Figure 2304 Square 2306 Large vertical Arrow/beacon symbol 2308 Small arrow 2310 Small arrow 2312 Small arrow 2314 Small arrow 2315 First time interval 23 16 Beacon transmission resource 2318 Beacon monitoring resource 2320 User data transmission/reception resource 2322 Beacon transmission resource 2400 Figure 2402 Legend 2404 Thick line rectangle/beacon burst signal 2406 Square box/beacon symbol transmission unit 2410 Beacon signal resource 151133.doc -112- 201112684 2412 Vertical axis 2414 Horizontal axis 2416 Bold letter B/beacon signal 2500 Portable Line Terminal 2501 Link 2502 Receiver Module 2503 Duplex Module 2504 Transmission Module 2505 Antenna 2506 Processor 2507 Link 2508 User I/O Device 2509 Power Bus 2510 Power Core Group 2511 Battery 2512 Memory 2514 Confluence Row 2516 Normal 2518 Information/Information 2520 Beacon Signal Generation Module 2522 User Profile Signal Generation Module 2524 Transmission Power Control Module 2526 Beacon Signal Transmission Control Module 2528 Mode Control Module 151133.doc -113- 201112684 2530 Duplex control module 2532 Stored beacon signal feature information 2534 User profile information 2536 Timing structure information 2538 Air link resource information 2540 Mode information 2542 Generated beacon signal information 2544 Generated data signal information 2546 Duplex control signal Information 2547 User Information 2548 Beacons 1 Information 2550 Beacons N Information 2556 Identification of beacon transmission unit information of carrier beacons 2558 Beacon burst duration information 2560 Beacon symbol information 2562 Power information 2564 Cluster Information 2566 User Data Power News beacon transmission resource information 2568 2570 2572 Other resources information transmission timing structure information 2574 beacon burst duration information 2576 beacon burst spacing information 2578 style information 151133.doc -114- 201112684

2580 data signal transmission information 2582 signal 2584 signal 2586 signal 2588 signal 2600 flow chart 2605 time Gongxun 2613 connection node A 2615 adjustment information 2700 portable wireless terminal 2701 key 2702 receiver module 2703 duplex module 2704 transmission module 2705 Antenna 2706 Processor 2707 Link 2708 User I/O Device 2709 Power Bus 2710 Power Core Group 2711 Battery 2712 Memory 2714 Bus Bar 2716 Normal 151133.doc -115- 201112684 2718 Information / Information 2720 Beacon Signal Detect Test module 2722 Quiet state control module 2724 Transmission time adjustment module 2726 Transmission control module 2728 Communication session start module 2730 Signal detection control module 2732 Timing adjustment module 2734 Mode control group 2736 Beacon Signal Generation Module 2738 User Data Signal Generation Module 2740 User Data Recovery Module 2742 Duplex Control Module 2744 Current Mode Information 2746 Current Time Information 2748 Generated Beacon Signal Part 2750 Detected Beacon Flag 2752 Based on Pseudo-random timing offset 2754 detection letter The signal portion 2756 is based on the timing offset of the decision of the detected beacon signal portion. 2758 Communication session status information 2760 Session flag 2762 Peer node identification information 2764 Timing structure information 151133.doc • 116- 201112684 2766 Interval timing Relationship Information 2768 Mode Information 2769 Initial Search Mode Information 2770 Inactive Mode Information 2772 Active Mode Information 2774 Generated User Profile Signal 2776 Received User Profile Signal 2778 Signal 2780 Signal 2782 Signal 2784 Signal 2800 Figure 2801 Horizontal Axis 2802 Time 2804 Block 2806 Time 2808 Block 2810 Time 2812 Block 2814 Time 2815 Block 2816 Time 2818 Block 2820 Block 151133.doc -117- 201112684 2822 Block 2824 Time 2826 Block 2828 Time 2830 Block 2832 Arrow Sequence 2834 arrow sequence 2900 schema 2902 schema 2904 schema 2906 wireless terminal 1 beacon transmission interval 2908 wireless terminal 1 beacon reception interval 2910 wireless terminal 1 user data TX/RX interval 2912 WT 1 silence interval 2914 no Line terminal 2 beacon transmission interval 2916 wireless terminal 2 beacon reception time interval 2918 wireless terminal 2 user data TX/RX interval 2920 WT 2 silence interval 2922 User data TX/RX area overlap portion 3000 3002 Figure 3004 Figure 3006 Wireless Terminal 1 Beacon Reception Interval 3008 Wireless Terminal 1 Beacon Transmission Interval 151133.doc -118- 201112684

3010 wireless terminal 1 beacon reception time interval 3012 wireless terminal 1 user data TX/RX interval 3014 WT 1 silence interval 3016 wireless terminal 2 beacon reception interval 3018 wireless terminal 2 beacon transmission interval 3020 wireless terminal 2 Beacon reception time interval 3022 Wireless terminal 2 User data τχ/RX interval 3024 WT 2 Quiet interval 3026 User data ΤΧ / RX area overlap 3100 Figure 3102 Figure 3104 Figure 3106 Wireless terminal 1 letter Standard transmission interval 3108 Wireless terminal 1 Beacon reception time interval 3110 Wireless terminal 1 User data τ χ / RX interval 3112 WT 1 Silent interval 3114 Wireless terminal 2 Beacon transmission interval 3116 Wireless terminal 2 Beacon reception interval 3118 Wireless Terminal 2 User Data τχ/RX Interval 3120 WT 2 Silence Interval 3200 Tonghua Area 3201 First Wireless Terminal 3202 Second Wireless Terminal 3203 Third Wireless Terminal 151133.doc • 119- 201112684 3210 CDMA Signal 3212 OFDM signal 3220 signal 3400 wireless terminal 3402 receiver module 3403 receiving antenna 3404 transmitter module 34 05 Transmission Antenna 3406 Processor 3408 User I/O Device 3410 Memory 3412 Bus 3414 Normal 3416 Information/Information 3418 Second Communication Protocol Selection Module 3420 Device Configuration Module 3422 User Data Recovery Module 3424 Beacon Symbol detection module 3426 Beacon signal information recovery module 3428 Beacon signal generation module 3430 Received device capability information 3432 First protocol information 3434 Identification of selected second communication protocol information 3436 Information indicating selected device configuration 151133.doc -120- 201112684 3438 Information indicating the communication protocol supported by the second device 3440 GSM Protocol Information 3442 CDMA Agreement §il 3444 OFDM Protocol Information 3446 Recovered User Data 3448 Information for Beacon Symbols Detected 3450 Letter Marker level detection standard information 3452 Device capability information to be transmitted Φ 3454 Generated beacon signal 3456 Beacon signal information encoding/decoding information 3600 Wireless terminal 3602 Receiver module 3603 Receiver antenna 3604 Transmitter module 3605 Transmission Antenna 3606 Processor® 3608 User I/O Device 3610 Recall 3612 Bus 3614 Normal 3616 Data / Information 3618 Mode Judgment Module 3620 Mode Selection Module 3622 Communication Module 151133.doc -121 - 201112684 3624 3626 3630 3632 3634 3636 3638 3640 3642 3644 3648 3652 3654 3656 3658 4000 4002 4003 4004 4005 4006 4008 4010 Data Transfer Maximization Module Interference Control Module Service Provider Sub-module User Group Sub-module Received Second Device Signal Information Relative to Second Device Decision Relationship Information Determination Second The second device service group information determined by the second device service provider information determined by the device operation mode indicates the information of the selected operation mode/interference interference control signal, the third device identification information service provider information user group information is not Cooperative Service Provider Information Non-Cooperative User Group Information Wireless Terminal Receiver Module Receive Antenna Transmission Module Transmission Antenna Processor User I/O Device Memory 151133.doc -122- 201112684 4012 Busbar 4014 Normal 4016 Information / Information 4018 Communication Transfer Module 4020 Network Layer Connectivity Group 4022 second communication protocol module 4024 third communication protocol module 4026 first physical layer communication protocol module 4028 second physical layer communication protocol module 4030 third physical layer communication protocol module 4032 relay tracking module 4034 corresponding The device capability information 4036 received at the device 1 corresponds to the device capability information 4038 received by the device 2. The first communication agreement information 4039 the second communication agreement information 4040 the physical layer agreement 1 information 4041 the third communication agreement information 4042 the cross-layer agreement m 4044 MAC layer protocol 1 information 4048 network layer agreement 1 information 4050 network layer agreement Μ information 4052 higher level agreement 1 information 4054 level agreement Ν information 4056 device 1 agreement usage information 151133.doc -123 - 201112684 4058 4060 4062 4064 4066 4068 4070 4072 4074 4100 4102 4103 4104 4105 4106 4108 4110 4112 4114 4116 4118 4120 4122 Device 2 protocol using information device 1 / device 2 protocol conversion information device 1 for device 2 receiving signal information intended for device 2 The processing device 1 receives the information, and the device 2 to be used for the device i receives the signal information装置 Device 2 for processing of device 1 receives information of the amount of beacon signal generated by information device capability information. The information provided by the relay service is provided by the wireless terminal receiver module receiving antenna transmitter module transmitting antenna processor user I/ O device memory bus routine data / information device configuration selection module / receiving second device beacon signal information configuration control module / second device capability information brother two communication protocol processing module / recovery second Device can 151133.doc 201112684 force information 4124 device capability information recovery module / selected device configuration information 4126 selected second communication agreement identification information 4128 pending reception signal 4130 processed signal 4132 beacon transmission agreement information 4134 value 1 4136 Device Capability Information Set 4138 Value N 4140 Device Capability Information Set 4142 Substitute Agreement for Second Communication Protocol 4144 Type 1 OFDM Protocol Information 4146 Type n OFDM Protocol Information 4148 Type 1 CDMA Information 4150 Type N CDMA Protocol Information 4152 Type 1 GSM Protocol Information 4154 Type N GSM Protocol Information 6004 Connection Node 6018 Connection node 151133.doc • 125·

Claims (1)

201112684 VII. Patent Application Range: 1. A method of operating a first wireless communication device, the method comprising: determining that the second wireless communication device transmits a signal within a range of the first wireless communication device Whether the first wireless communication device operates in an operation mode selected by the first wireless communication device; and in response to detecting that the second wireless communication device is no longer transmitting signals within the range of the first wireless communication device, selecting one One of a cooperative communication mode of operation and a non-cooperative communication mode of operation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting comprises: determining, by the signal received from a third wireless communication device, that the third wireless communication device is in a cooperative communication relationship with the first wireless communication device or a non-cooperation a communication relationship; and based on the determination of the received signal, selecting one of the cooperative communication mode of operation and the non-cooperative communication mode of operation. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the selecting further comprises: selecting a device configuration for communicating with the third wireless communication device when operating in the selected operation mode based on the selected mode of operation . 4. The method of claim 3, wherein selecting the device configuration comprises: if the first wireless communication device switches to a second from a device configuration using a first communication protocol due to the second wireless communication device Switching to a device configuration supporting the first communication protocol; and operating in the selected mode of operation when communicating with the third wireless communication device. 15U33.doc 201112684 5. 6. 7. 8. If the selected operation mode is blush... as the mode, the operation is in a non-cooperative operation to maximize The first-to-third wireless communication"f includes the delivery amount, regardless of any other communication device-(four) the warehouse item, such as the method of claim 4, wherein the operation is in the _? fall; The three-wireless (four) loose type includes the method of claim 4: 苴: 婉, s control signal. The & m (d) mode of operation comprises a - cooperative mode, the step of operating in the cooperative mode of operation comprising receiving an interference control signal received from the third wireless communication device. a device for operating a first wireless communication device, the device comprising: determining whether the first wireless communication device is determined by using - attributed to - the second wireless communication device transmitting a signal within the range of the first wireless communication device a component operating in an operational mode selected by the first wireless communication device; and responsive to detecting that the second wireless communication device is no longer transmitting signals within the range of the first wireless communication device, selecting a cooperative communication A component of an operational mode and one of the non-cooperative communication modes of operation. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the means for selecting comprises: means for receiving a signal from a third wireless communication device to determine that the third wireless communication device is in cooperative communication with the first wireless communication device a member of a relationship or a non-cooperative communication relationship; and means for selecting one of the cooperative communication mode of operation and the non-cooperative communication mode of operation based on the determination of the received signal. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the means for selecting further comprises 151133.doc -2- 201112684: for operating mode based on ί selection, when operating in the selected mode of operation to select - is used A component of a device configuration in communication with the third wireless communication device. U. The device of claim 10, wherein the means for selecting the configuration of the device comprises: for the first benefit ii pass # in m ..., . The device is configured to switch from the device configuration of the second wireless communication device to the first communication protocol to a second communication: a component of the configuration of the 'switching to-supporting (four)-communication protocol; and A component of an operational mode that is selected for communication with the third wireless communication. The device, in the device of the selected item 11, wherein the selected mode of operation comprises a non-two operation mode, and the step of operating in the non-cooperation mode comprises a fall to maximize the first Data transfer between the third helmet line, the pen Λ 、, 踝逋彳 5 device, regardless of any other communication device - 13. The device of claim η, where for operation: The means includes means for ignoring a signal from the third radio disturbance control signal. The apparatus for receiving the data of the item 14 wherein the selected mode of operation comprises: an operation mode, the step of operating in the cooperative mode of operation Including two interference control signals received from the third wireless communication device, the computer readable medium containing a plurality of instructions stored in the computer readable medium and processed by a processing = uploading 1 This will cause the processor to implement the method of request item 丨~7. When it is implemented, 151133.doc