201100294 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種腳踏車自動變速裝置，尤指一種可拱腳踏 車於行進中，依所行進之速度構成自動變速效果，使騎乘更為順 暢之腳踏車自動變速結構。 【先前技術】 按；習知之腳踏車由於未設有變速之裝置，因此，當腳踏車 於不同之行進速度下，騎乘者皆以相同之力量踩踏，故而無法達 到省力之效果，是以，可變速之腳踏車被順應時勢成功開發。惟 一般之變速腳踏車，通常係將變速器經由手控調整，以供騎乘者 隨行進速度改變齒輪比，進而達到省力效果，該等習知之變速腳 踏車於操控時，僅能將不同檔位逐一進檔，卻無法構成退檔動作。 再者，以手控變速畢竟較不符合人性化需求，故而如汽車之腳踏 車自動變速的結構，實為現今科技化時代業者所極思研發。申請 人有鑑於此，乃秉持從事該項業務多年經驗，經不斷研究、實驗， 祈使腳踏車得以依所行進之速度構成自動變速效果。 _ 〇 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的，即在提供一種腳踏車自動變速裝置，使 腳踏車於行進中，得以依其所行進之速度，構成不同檔位的自動 變速，從而提高腳踏車之實用價值。 前述之腳踏車自動變速裝置，包含複數個環齒輪、設於環齒 輪内之不同檔位太陽齒輪及行星齒輪，以及組裝於該太陽齒輪之 不同檔位的離合器，其中，該離合器係設有一同步制止器，於同 步制止器設有凹槽，於該凹槽設有懸置狀之定位桿，以供懸接複 數個不同重量之配重件。俾當腳踏車於不同速度時，使不同重量 3 201100294 之配重件因離心力及彈簧之壓力向外甩頂持於行星齒輪，藉由滾 子使以帶動環齒輪呈單向運動，從而帶動不同檔位之太陽齒輪、 行星齒輪及環齒輪，以構成腳踏車行進中之自動變速。 前述之腳踏車自動變速裝置，其中該同步制止器係於其外緣 設有一概呈L狀之長孔，以形成一懸置狀之定位桿。 前述之腳踏車自動變速裝置，其中該同步制止器之配重件， 係設有弧狀之塊體，於塊體連接一彈簧，使彈簧另端固定於離合 器之周緣，塊體的一端則突伸一定位部，使定位部以固定桿固定 於離合器所設之凹槽。 〇 【實施方式】 請同時參閱第一圖及第二圖，並配合第三圖，係為本發明之 分解結構圖及組裝後之結構圖。如圖所示，本發明主要係包含複 數個環齒輪1 1，以及組裝於該環齒輪1 1内之不同檔位的太陽 齒輪1 2及行星齒輪1 3，以及組裝於該太陽齒輪1 2之不同檔 位的離合器1 4 (本實施例係以組裝於卡式飛輪五段變速為例）， 其中，該等行星齒輪1 3係分別定位於環齒輪1 1，其間設有滾 子111及頂持於滾子111之彈簧112; 〇 該離合器1 4係設有一同步制止器140，於同步制止器1 40設有凹槽141，於該凹槽141設有懸置狀之固定桿12 1，以供懸接複數個不同重量之配重件15,其中，該等配重件 1 5係設為弧狀之塊體，於塊體連接一彈簧1 5 1，使彈簧1 5 1另端固定於離合器1 4，塊體的一端則突伸一定位部1 5 2， 使定位部1 5 2以固定桿1 2 1固定於離合器1 4之凹槽1 4 1 ； 該等離合器1 4係設有一同步制止器1 4 0，係於外緣設有 概呈L狀之長孔1 4 2，以形成一懸置狀之定位桿1 4 3 ; 一主轴軸心2，係穿設轴承2 1、離合器1 4及花鼓主體3， 201100294 以及一變速齒輪4; 藉由前述構件的組合，構成腳踏車自動變速結構，以供組裝 於腳踏車。俾當腳踏車於不同速度時，使不同檔位離合器1 4之 同步制止器140所設不同重量之配重件15，因離心力及彈簧 1 5 1之壓力向外甩頂持於行星齒輪1 3，以帶環齒輪1 1的轉 動，從而藉由滚子1 1 1帶動不同檔位之太陽齒輪1 2、行星齒 輪1 3及環齒輪1 1，以構成腳踏車行進中之自動變速。其中， 該彈簧1 5 1之彈性，可使配重件1 5的動作構成慢開早收，進 而使整個變速之動作更為順暢。 0 請參閱第四圖，並配合第三圖，係為本發明組裝後之剖視圖。 如圖所示，本發明之自動變速裝置組裝於腳踏車後，由於不同檔 位離合器1 4之同步制止器1 4 0所設之配重件1 5的重量不 同，因此，當腳踏車行進於不同之速度時，因車輪轉動所形成之 離心力亦不相同，使得不同檔位離合器1 4之配重件1 5不會因 相同之速度向外甩。其中，當腳踏車行進之速度未達預設之速度 時，整個變速裝置係保持常態，而當腳踏車行進之速度逐漸增加 時，因離心力相對增加，使不同檔位同步制止器1 4 0所設不同 重量之配重件1 5，因離心力及彈簧1 5 1之壓力向外甩頂持於 q同步制止器140之定位桿1 4 3，藉由定位桿1 4 3帶動行星 齒輪1 3之轉動，藉由該行星齒輪1 3帶動不同檔位之環齒輪1 1，以構成腳踏車行進中之自動變速，如此，腳踏車即可於行進 中，自動依所行進之速度，使不同檔位離合器1 4帶動不同檔位 之環齒輪1 1，達到自動變速之效果，而不需如習知之腳踏車變 速結構以手控操作之麻煩，且改善習知之腳踏車變速結構無法退 檔之缺失。 前述本發明之自動變速結構，依所揭露之五段變速實施例， 腳踏車於行進中，即可自動的依其加速度，達到第一、第二、第 三及第四、第五檔位之變化調整，使騎乘腳踏車更為省力，且於 速度遞減時，由第五、第四、第三、第二、第一檔位逐步退檔， 201100294 亦或依不斷變化之加速、減速，於各檔位來回變化調整，使腳踏 車之變速更為方便、快捷，以提高變速腳踏車之實用價值。而該 實施例僅為利於本發明之說明，凡藉由本發明些微修飾、變更所 延伸之多段自動變速結構，仍不失本創作之要義所在，亦不脫本 發明之精神範疇。 綜上所述，本發明以不同檔位之太陽齒輪，以及組裝於該太 陽齒輪之不同檔位的離合器及行星齒輪，構成腳踏車自動變速結 構，使腳踏車於行進中，得以依其所行進之速度，構成不同檔位 之自動變速，從而提高腳踏車之實用價值。為一實用之設計，誠 0屬一俱新穎性之創作，爰依法提出專利申請，祈鈞局予以審查， 早曰賜准專利，至感德便。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明之離合器及太陽齒輪組平面圖。 第二圖係本發明之行星齒輪及環齒輪平面圖。 第三圖係本發明之組裝後平面圖。 第四圖係本發明之整體結構圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 4 0 ·同步制止器 1 4 1 ·凹槽 1 1 ·環齒輪 1 2 ·太陽齒輪 14·離合器 1 4 2 ·長孔 151·彈簧 2 1 ·轴承 111·滾子 121·固定桿 1 4 3 ·定位桿 1 5 2 ·定位部 3 ·花鼓主體 112·彈箐 13·行星齒輪 15·配重件 2·主轴軸心 4·變速齒輪 6201100294 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a bicycle automatic shifting device, and more particularly to an archable bicycle that is configured to automatically shift according to the speed of travel, so that riding is smoother. Bicycle automatic shifting structure. [Prior Art] According to the conventional bicycle, since there is no shifting device, when the bicycle is at different traveling speeds, the rider is stepping on with the same force, so that the effect of labor saving cannot be achieved. The bicycle was successfully developed in response to the situation. However, the general shift bicycle usually adjusts the transmission through manual control, so that the rider can change the gear ratio with the traveling speed, thereby achieving the labor-saving effect. When the conventional shift bicycle is controlled, only the different gears can be entered one by one. File, but can not constitute a retreat action. Moreover, the manual-controlled shifting is inferior to the humanized demand. Therefore, the structure of the automatic shifting of the bicycle's bicycle is indeed the research and development of the current technological era. In view of this, the applicant has been engaged in many years of experience in this business, and has been continuously researching and experimenting to ensure that the bicycle can form an automatic shifting effect according to the speed at which it travels. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a bicycle automatic shifting device that enables a bicycle to be automatically shifted in different gear positions according to the speed at which it travels, thereby improving the practical value of the bicycle. The bicycle automatic transmission device includes a plurality of ring gears, different gear sun gears and planetary gears disposed in the ring gear, and a clutch assembled in different gear positions of the sun gear, wherein the clutch is provided with a synchronous stop The synchronous arrester is provided with a groove, and the groove is provided with a suspended positioning rod for suspending a plurality of weights of different weights. When the bicycle is at different speeds, the weights of different weights of 201100294 are clamped to the planetary gears due to the centrifugal force and the pressure of the spring. The rollers drive the ring gears to move in one direction, thus driving different gears. The sun gear, the planetary gear and the ring gear are arranged to constitute the automatic shifting of the bicycle. In the above bicycle automatic shifting device, the synchronous stopper is provided with an L-shaped elongated hole at an outer edge thereof to form a suspended positioning rod. In the above-mentioned automatic bicycle shifting device, the weight of the synchronous brake device is provided with an arc-shaped block, and a spring is connected to the block body so that the other end of the spring is fixed to the periphery of the clutch, and one end of the block protrudes. The positioning portion fixes the positioning portion to the groove provided by the clutch by a fixing rod. 〇 [Embodiment] Please refer to the first and second figures at the same time, and the third figure is the exploded structural view of the present invention and the assembled structural view. As shown in the figure, the present invention mainly includes a plurality of ring gears 1 1 and sun gears 1 2 and planet gears 13 assembled in different gear positions in the ring gear 1 1 , and assembled to the sun gear 1 2 Clutches 1 4 of different gear positions (this embodiment is an example of assembling a five-stage shifting of a card type flywheel), wherein the planetary gears 13 are respectively positioned on the ring gear 1 1 and are provided with rollers 111 and a top therebetween. The spring 112 is held by the roller 111; the clutch 14 is provided with a synchronous stopper 140, and the synchronous stopper 140 is provided with a groove 141, and the groove 141 is provided with a suspension rod 121. The weight member 15 for suspending a plurality of different weights, wherein the weight members 15 are arranged as an arc-shaped block, and a spring 1 5 1 is connected to the block body so that the spring 1 5 1 is fixed at the other end. At the clutch 14, a positioning portion 1 5 2 protrudes from one end of the block, so that the positioning portion 1 5 2 is fixed to the groove 1 4 1 of the clutch 14 by a fixing rod 1 2 1; the clutch 14 is provided with a The synchronous stopper 1404 is provided with an elongated hole 1 42 in the outer edge to form a suspended positioning rod 1 4 3 ; a spindle axis 2, The bearing 2 1 , the clutch 14 and the hub body 3, 201100294 and a shifting gear 4 are worn; and the bicycle automatic shifting structure is configured by the combination of the aforementioned members for assembly on the bicycle. When the bicycle is at different speeds, the counterweights 15 of different weights of the synchronizing stoppers 140 of the different gear clutches 14 are respectively biased to the planetary gears 13 by the centrifugal force and the pressure of the springs 115. With the rotation of the ring gear 1 1 , the sun gear 1 2 , the planetary gear 13 and the ring gear 1 1 of different gear positions are driven by the roller 1 1 1 to constitute an automatic shifting during the traveling of the bicycle. Among them, the elasticity of the spring 1 5 1 can make the action of the weight member 15 form a slow opening and early closing, thereby making the movement of the entire shifting smoother. 0 Refer to the fourth figure and the third figure is a cross-sectional view of the invention after assembly. As shown in the figure, after the automatic transmission device of the present invention is assembled to the bicycle, since the weights of the weight members 15 provided by the synchronous stoppers 104 of the different gear clutches 1 4 are different, when the bicycles travel differently, At the time of speed, the centrifugal force formed by the rotation of the wheels is also different, so that the weight members 15 of the different gear clutches 14 are not smashed at the same speed. Wherein, when the speed of the bicycle travels does not reach the preset speed, the entire shifting device maintains the normal state, and when the speed of the bicycle traveling gradually increases, the centrifugal force is relatively increased, so that the different gear synchronous stop devices are set differently. The weight of the weight member 15 is lifted by the centrifugal force and the pressure of the spring 115 to the positioning rod 1 4 3 of the q-synchronization stopper 140, and the rotation of the planetary gear 13 is driven by the positioning rod 1 4 3 . The planetary gear 13 drives the ring gears 1 1 of different gear positions to form an automatic shifting speed of the bicycle, so that the bicycle can automatically drive the different gear clutches 14 according to the traveling speed during the traveling. The ring gears 1 of different gears achieve the effect of automatic shifting, without the trouble of manual operation as in the conventional bicycle shifting structure, and improving the lack of reversing of the conventional bicycle shifting structure. According to the automatic shifting structure of the present invention, according to the disclosed five-speed shifting embodiment, when the bicycle is in motion, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth gear positions can be automatically changed according to the acceleration. Adjustment makes the riding bicycle more labor-saving, and when the speed decreases, the fifth, fourth, third, second, and first gears are gradually retired, and 201100294 is also subject to constant acceleration and deceleration. The gear position changes back and forth, making the shifting of the bicycle more convenient and faster, so as to improve the practical value of the shift bicycle. However, this embodiment is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention, and the multi-segment automatic shifting structure extended by the micro-modification and modification of the present invention is still in the spirit of the present invention, and does not depart from the spirit of the invention. In summary, the present invention uses a sun gear of different gear positions, and a clutch and a planetary gear assembled in different gear positions of the sun gear to form an automatic shifting structure of the bicycle, so that the bicycle can travel according to the speed at which it travels. , which constitutes the automatic shifting of different gears, thereby improving the practical value of the bicycle. For a practical design, Cheng 0 is a novelty creation, and the patent application is filed according to law. The Bureau of Prayer is to review it, and grant the patent as soon as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first drawing is a plan view of the clutch and sun gear set of the present invention. The second figure is a plan view of the planetary gear and ring gear of the present invention. The third figure is an assembled plan view of the present invention. The fourth figure is an overall structural view of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] 1 4 0 · Synchronization stopper 1 4 1 · Groove 1 1 · Ring gear 1 2 · Sun gear 14 · Clutch 1 4 2 · Long hole 151 · Spring 2 1 · Bearing 111 · Roller 121 ·Fixed rod 1 4 3 ·Positioning rod 1 5 2 ·Positioning part 3 ·Drum main body 112 ·Cap 13 ·Planetary gear 15 ·Weight part 2 ·Spindle axis 4 ·Transmission gear 6