201042571 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明與一種薄膜太陽能電池（Thin-film solar cell)製造之管理系統與方法有關。具體而言，特別是 關於標準化全球化之薄膜太陽能電池工廠製造管理 系統與方法，其可統一管理整合各太陽能電池製造廠 的生產資料並進行製造上的調配。 【先前技術】 對於大部分的產品製造商而言，成本的管理為其 提高獲利的一種方法，而在所有的成本項目當中，物 料與庫存成本的管理更是受到業者的重視。為了滿足 客戶訂單或是最終消費者對於產品的需求量，製造商 必需準備充足的原物料或庫存，以維持產品庫存與原 料之間的平衡。物料庫存過少可能會喪失潛在的商 機，造成市場的供需失調或是市場佔有率的減少甚至 喪失。相反地，過多的庫存則會有造成資金的積壓， 使財務調度困難並增加管理之成本，亦可能受產品市 場變化所隱藏之風險影響所造成邊際獲利之損失。 在一般企業資源規劃（Enterprise Resource Planning，ERP)系統下皆會具有庫存或物料管理項 目，其基本功能為將所有商品與原物料件依存放之位 置記錄庫存數量，以作為允諾客戶訂單交期、交與採 購部門採購、生產部門作生產計劃之依據。公司的業 務人員可對客戶訂單的資料逐步確認，包含商品庫存 查詢、確認是否能接客戶要求之交貨期限、可提供客 201042571 戶的商品及數量等。在與客戶訂單確認後，生產管理 人員便開始進行產品的生產，其須定期進行物料需求 規劃（Materials Requirement Planning，MRP)之計算作 業，同時根據客戶的訂購需求、公司銷售預測或生產 計晝來編製商品料件的生產計晝或採購計晝，並於生 產完成或採購後，將商品料件入庫。於出貨曰時，倉 管人員列示所有預定交貨的訂單資料，再依目前庫存 數量進行揀貨、出貨作業，以完成交易。以銷售訂單 〇 需求而言，一般業務人員於接單時可透過企業資源規 劃系統查詢商品的庫存狀況與實際產能情況，來答覆 客戶交貨日期及交貨數量。若系統未即時反應實際庫 存或物料已不足，至出貨作業才發現無法及時交貨， 將造成企業名譽與財務上重大的損失。 以半導體代工廠為例，由於半導體產品的製造流 程複雜度高、生產流程繁瑣，再加上接單生產多種類 的半導體產品，各產品的製程技術能力各異，為了達 到良好的生產進度管理，其系統中還須採用生產排程 ® 軟體來排定主生產排程（Master Production Schedule, MPS)，其中可能含有各產品的期初存貨、生產預測、 顧客已訂訂單量、預計庫存量、計劃生產量、可訂購 數量等，有效的評估訂單與產能間的關係。對製造廠 而言，主生產排程的功能在於可明確定義出在每一段 時間所需要產出的最終產品數量，以符合市場需求。 但近來由於再生能源產業之興起，太陽能電池模 組之製造日趨熱門與專業化，業界有越來越多的廠商 201042571 投入製造與開發。特別是對於薄膜太陽能電池此種新 興技術而言，其製程、製造設備、製造系統等各界都 還在發展中，並不像半導體業一樣具有成熟、公認的 各種製造相關之規格。就庫存、物料、製程各種成本 之考量下，製造規格與用語的不一以及各製造廠間無 一整合的機構會使庫存與物料的控管更加困難。此問 題還有待業界解決。 【發明内容】 Ο 有鑒於上述之需求，本發明提出了 一種用於薄膜 太陽能電池製造之全球化工廠管理系統與方法。該系 統與方法為薄膜太陽能電池製造中所有會用到的物 料、產品、製程與規格訂定統一的名稱與代號以集中 管理。 在本發明之一觀點中，薄膜太陽能電池製造之制 式管理方法可以獲取各製造廠現時的生產資料，包含 物料表、工單（work order)、物料與產品的庫存量、 在製品數量、訂單數量、進貨曰、交貨曰等，加以整 ® 合管理。 在本發明之另一觀點中，該薄膜太陽能電池製造 之制式管理方法可以根據各製造廠的生產資料來調 配該各製造廠的產能、庫存與採購。 在本發明又一觀點中，其提供了一種用於薄膜太陽 能電池製造之制式系統，其中包含了一生產資料管理 模組，可獲取複數個薄膜太陽能電池製造廠的生產資 料；以及一製造資源規劃模組，可根據該生產資料來 201042571 調配該複數個薄膜太陽能電池製造廠的產能、庫存與 採購。 本發明之一目的為提供一種用於薄膜太陽能電池 製造之制式管理方法與系統，以避免物料採購黑洞與 減少產品庫存。 本發明之另一目的為提供一種用於薄膜太陽能電 池製造之制式管理方法與系統，可跨廠區或針對複數 個製造廠控管。 〇 本發明的其他系統、方法、特徵及優點都將於檢視 後續的圖式與詳細敘述中變得愈加明顯。其意欲將所 有這些額外的系統、方法、特徵及優點都含括於此描 述與本發明的範疇之中，並由其後續之申請專利範圍 所保護。此節中不應有任何事物、用語被視為是對所 屬申請專利範圍之限囿。下列將討論本發明其他的觀 點與優點。 【實施方式】 ^ 在第一圖的實施例中，本發明提供了一種用於薄 膜太陽能電池製造之管理方法。如第一圖的步驟101 所示，該方法首先為薄膜太陽能電池製造中所有會用 到的項目，包含物料、產品、製程與規格等，訂定統 一的名稱與代號。以物料為例，非晶石夕（Amorphus Silicon, a-Si)、銅銦石西化物（Copper Indium Diselenide 或 Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide 等化合物半導體) 為目前常見已商業化的太陽電池材料’但這類原料在 各地的製造廠皆有不同的名稱，特別是對於不同語系 7 201042571 的國家而言。同樣地，以產品的規格而言，薄膜太陽 電池大多以價格低廉的玻璃、塑膠、陶瓷、石墨、金 屬片等不同種類的材料當基板來製造。若沿用目前成 熟的LCD製程來進行製作，其基板尺寸就可能有5 代（l.lxl.4 m2)與8·5代（2.2X2.6 m2)等多代規格尺寸之 ❹ 〇 分，且隨著應用的不同，太陽能電池產品具有不同的 工作電壓、工作電流、與最大輸出功率等。相同的物 料或產品在各地卻有不同的名稱將很難進行有效率 的庫存控管或統計，故將其各地的 樣可方便製造資源掌握世界各地1同^ 製造廠中物料需求的狀況。此外，薄膜太陽能電池中 的製作中有多道製程步驟，如透明導電膜的賤鍍、非 晶矽的沉積、背部電極的蒸鍍等，將製造中各道掣 步驟統-將可方便廠商查看控f各地製造廢的^ :^ (WIP，work in process)，對其產能需求規劃有 接著於步驟102中，當太陽能電池製作中所 物料、產品、製程與規格等訂聽—的名稱後地 製造廠的生產資料就可以被加以匯整與統計， 因m用法不同而造成統計失準或無法整合 二;γπγγ生產資料包括各製造廠現 量、在製品數量、訂單數量、進f日、 以整合後可以集中管理。以物料矣盔 、加 可以獲取各製造廠中所有製程中'"合、用’發明方法 ,表程中會用到的物料庫存 201042571 量，如此採購人員可以一覽各廠中的總庫存量以視是 否需要採購某種特定物料；而工單與在製品（WIP)資 料更能方便製造資源管理者計算規劃各廠的產能與 生產力狀態，以對之後客戶的下單加以調整與分配。 此外，產品庫存量、進貨曰、與交貨曰等亦可作為業 務與工廠營運之指標。這類生產資料在各廠製造項目 與名稱統一更能方便的整合與統計，以供後續製造資 源人員規劃之用，解決以往各廠各自為政、資源無法 Ο 有效運用、易發生採購黑洞的問題。 在接下來的步驟103中，在本發明之管理方法可 以進一步地根據於步驟102中匯整的各製造廠生產資 料來調配該各製造廠的產能、庫存與採購。產能與庫 存之調配可對生產者帶來莫大的助益。舉例言之，假 設今天太陽能電池A廠的玻璃基板庫存有1000片， 而B廠因為某些因素只剩200片。在這種情況下，假 設B廠的工單中還有400片的訂單要出，則採購人員 勢必要加緊採購不足的物料。此舉不但緩不濟急，且 並未善用製造資源。今透過生產資料的整合共享，規 劃人員可以先從庫存量充足的A廠借調不足的物料 數，此舉不但解決了單一製造廠物料不足之問題，更 充分利用了企業現有的製造資源 。舉另一例而言，未對各薇或所有製造廠的物料庫存 作整合規劃非常容易造成採購黑洞的問題，無形中增 加了生產成本與降低企業的獲利。若各廠的庫存物料 能互相支援或借調，將不至於發生庫存不足或是庫存 201042571 過剩等分配不均的問題。在本發明方法下，針對 生產資訊的統合不僅限於物料、產能、與庫存，盆 如存貨管理與控制、製造現場的排程與控制、產^ 劃、主生產排程、採購、銷售、財務等，都能在 製造項目統一後有效率的整合管理，以期能快速反廡 市場需求、縮短設計、達成達成較佳的物料需求規g (Material Requirement Planning，MRp)與製造資源& 劃（Manufacturing Resource Planning, MRPII)。 請參照第二圖’其為本發明另一實施例中提供之 用於薄膜太％能電池製造之全球化工廠管理系统 200，其中包含一生產資料管理模組2〇1與—势造資 源管理模組203。生產資料管理模組2〇1係用^收集 各製造廠的生產資料。如圖所示’生產資料管理模組 201可透過網路與複數個製造廠a〜X相輕合，其間可 進行資料的傳輸、互通。各製造廠的生產資料，如物 料表、工單、物料與產品的庫存量、在製品數量、訂 卓數里、進知日、父食曰等資訊可以透過網路匯整到 生產資料管理模組201中集中管理。收集到的各廠生 產資料經過整合統計後可以由製造資源管理模組2〇3 加以使用計算’以調配該複數個薄膜太陽能電池製造 廠的產能、庫存與採購等製造相關事宜。再者，本發 明之薄膜太陽能電池製造管理系統200可以與其他的 管理系統合作’如整合在電腦整合製造（C(Hnputer integrated manufacturing, CIM)系統 205 或企業資源規 劃（Enterprise Resource Planning，ERP)系统 207 下作為 201042571 其一部份的功能模組，或是與產能需求規劃系統 (Capacity Requirement Planning)2〇9、製造資源規劃系 統（Manufacturing Resource Planning)211、彈性製造系 統（Flexible Manufacturing System，FMS)213、自動倉 儲存取系統（automated storage/retrieval system, AS/RS) 等其他系統統合，以達到整體製造事業之整合運作。 在此所述之實施例圖說係供予閱者，俾其對於本 發明各不同實施例結構有通盤性的瞭解。該圖示與說 明並非意欲對利用此處所述結構或方法之裝置與系 統中的所有元件及特徵作完整的描述。於檢閱本發明 揭露書中’熟習本發明領域之技藝者將更能明白本發 明許多其他的實施例，其得以採由或得自本發明之揭 露。在不悖離本發明範疇的情況下，發明中可以進行 結構與邏輯的置換與改變。此外，其圖式僅用於呈具 而非按比例所繪製。圖式中的某些部分玎能會被放大 強調’而其他部分可能被簡略。據此，本發明之揭露 與圖式理視為描述而非限制性質。 【圖式簡單說明】 參閱後續的圖式與描述將可更了解本發明的系統 及方法。文中未詳列暨非限制性之實施例則請參考該 後續圖式之描述。圖式中的組成元件並不一定符合比 例’而係以強調的方式描繪出本發明的原理。在圖式 中’相同的元件係於不同圖示中標出相同對應之部 分。 第一圖為本發明薄膜太陽能電池製造之全球化工 201042571 廠管理方法流程圖；及 第二圖為本發明薄膜太陽能電池製造之全球化工 廠管理系統組成方塊圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 101 步驟 102 步驟 103 步驟 200 全球化工廠管理系統 201 生產資料管理模組 203 製造資源規劃模組 205 電腦整合製造系統 207 企業資源規劃系統 209 產能需求規劃系統 211 製造資源規劃系統 213 彈性製造系統 12201042571 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a management system and method for manufacturing a thin film solar cell. Specifically, in particular, the thin film solar cell factory manufacturing management system and method for standardization globalization can collectively manage and integrate the production materials of each solar cell manufacturing plant and perform manufacturing adjustment. [Prior Art] For most product manufacturers, cost management is one way to increase profitability, and among all cost items, material and inventory cost management is more important to the industry. In order to meet the customer's order or the final consumer's demand for the product, the manufacturer must prepare sufficient raw materials or inventory to maintain a balance between the product inventory and the raw material. Too small material stocks may lose potential business opportunities, resulting in market imbalances in supply and demand or a reduction or even loss of market share. Conversely, excessive inventory can result in a backlog of funds, making financial scheduling difficult and increasing the cost of management, and may also result in a marginal profit loss due to the risk of hidden risks in product market changes. Under the general enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, there will be inventory or material management projects. The basic function is to record the inventory quantity of all goods and raw materials according to the location of the original materials, as the promised customer order delivery, It is the basis for the procurement and production departments of the procurement department to make production plans. The company's business personnel can gradually confirm the information of the customer's order, including the inventory of the goods, check whether the delivery deadline can be received by the customer, and the goods and quantity of the customer can be provided. After confirming with the customer's order, the production manager begins production of the product, which is required to perform the calculation of Material Requirement Planning (MRP) on a regular basis, based on the customer's ordering requirements, company sales forecasts or production plans. The production plan or purchase plan of the commercial materials is prepared, and the commercial materials are put into storage after the production is completed or purchased. At the time of shipment, the warehouse manager lists all the order documents for the scheduled delivery, and then carries out the picking and shipping operations according to the current stock quantity to complete the transaction. In terms of sales orders 需求 demand, the general business personnel can check the customer's delivery date and delivery quantity by checking the inventory status and actual production capacity of the goods through the enterprise resource planning system. If the system does not immediately reflect the actual inventory or the material is insufficient, it will not be timely delivery until the shipment operation, which will result in great reputation and financial loss. Taking a semiconductor foundry as an example, due to the high complexity of the manufacturing process of semiconductor products and the cumbersome production process, coupled with the production of various types of semiconductor products, the process technology capabilities of each product are different, in order to achieve good production schedule management, The Production Scheduling® software must also be used in the system to schedule the Master Production Schedule (MPS), which may include the initial inventory of each product, production forecasts, customer ordered orders, estimated stock levels, planned production. Quantity, orderable quantity, etc., effectively assess the relationship between orders and capacity. For the manufacturing plant, the function of the master production schedule is to clearly define the number of final products that need to be produced at each time to meet market demand. However, due to the rise of the renewable energy industry, the manufacture of solar cell modules has become increasingly popular and specialized. More and more manufacturers in the industry have invested in manufacturing and development. Especially for the emerging technology of thin-film solar cells, the processes, manufacturing equipment, manufacturing systems, etc. are still developing, and are not as mature and recognized as various manufacturing-related specifications like the semiconductor industry. With regard to the various costs of inventory, materials, and processes, the differences in manufacturing specifications and terms, and the lack of integration between manufacturing facilities, make inventory and material control more difficult. This issue has yet to be resolved by the industry. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above needs, the present invention provides a global plant management system and method for thin film solar cell manufacturing. The system and method provide a unified name and code for all materials, products, processes and specifications used in the manufacture of thin film solar cells for centralized management. In one aspect of the present invention, the method of manufacturing a thin film solar cell manufacturing method can obtain current production data of each manufacturing plant, including a material list, a work order, an inventory of materials and products, a quantity of work in process, and an order quantity. , purchase 曰, delivery 曰, etc., and management. In another aspect of the present invention, the method of manufacturing a thin film solar cell manufacturing method can allocate the capacity, inventory, and procurement of the various manufacturing plants according to the production data of each manufacturer. In still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for manufacturing a thin film solar cell, comprising a production data management module capable of acquiring production materials of a plurality of thin film solar cell manufacturers; and a manufacturing resource planning The module can be used to allocate the capacity, inventory and procurement of the plurality of thin film solar cell manufacturers according to the production data. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and system for the management of thin film solar cell manufacturing to avoid material purchase black holes and reduce product inventory. Another object of the present invention is to provide a system management method and system for thin film solar cell manufacturing that can be controlled across a plant or for a plurality of manufacturing plants. Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description and the detailed description. All such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention and are protected by the scope of the appended claims. Nothing or terminology in this section should be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. Other aspects and advantages of the present invention are discussed below. [Embodiment] ^ In the embodiment of the first figure, the present invention provides a management method for manufacturing a thin film solar cell. As shown in step 101 of the first figure, the method firstly defines all the items used in the manufacture of thin film solar cells, including materials, products, processes and specifications, and the uniform names and codes. Taking materials as an example, Amorphus Silicon (a-Si), copper indium diselenide (Copper Indium Diselenide or Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide) is a common commercial solar cell material. Raw materials have different names in manufacturing plants everywhere, especially for countries with different language families 7 201042571. Similarly, in terms of product specifications, thin-film solar cells are mostly manufactured on substrates using inexpensive materials such as glass, plastic, ceramics, graphite, and metal sheets. If you use the current mature LCD process, the substrate size may be divided into five generations (l.lxl.4 m2) and 8.5 generations (2.2X2.6 m2). Solar cells have different operating voltages, operating currents, and maximum output power, depending on the application. It is difficult to carry out efficient inventory control or statistics for the same materials or products with different names in different places. Therefore, it is convenient to manufacture resources in various places to grasp the demand for materials in the same manufacturing plants around the world. In addition, there are many process steps in the fabrication of thin film solar cells, such as ruthenium plating of transparent conductive film, deposition of amorphous germanium, evaporation of back electrode, etc., which will be processed in various steps in the manufacturing process - which will be convenient for manufacturers to view. Control the production of waste (WIP, work in process), and the capacity demand planning is followed by the name in the step 102, when the materials, products, processes and specifications in the solar cell production are ordered. The production materials of the manufacturer can be aggregated and counted, resulting in statistical inaccuracy or inability to integrate due to different usages of m; γπγγ production data includes the quantity of each manufacturer, the quantity of work in progress, the quantity of orders, and the date of After integration, it can be managed centrally. With the material helmets and helmets, you can obtain the '" combine and use' invention methods in all processes in each manufacturing plant. The quantity of materials used in the meter will be 201042571, so that the purchasing personnel can check the total inventory in each plant to see if It is necessary to purchase a specific material; and work order and work in process (WIP) data are more convenient for manufacturing resource managers to calculate the capacity and productivity status of each planned plant, in order to adjust and allocate the subsequent orders. In addition, product inventory, incoming goods, and delivery defects can also be used as indicators of business and plant operations. Such production materials can be easily integrated and statistically unified in the manufacturing projects and names of the plants for the purpose of planning for subsequent manufacturing resource personnel, and solve the problem that the previous factories have their own policies, resources cannot be effectively used, and procurement of black holes is prone to occur. In the next step 103, the management method of the present invention can further allocate the capacity, inventory, and procurement of the various manufacturing plants based on the manufacturing materials of the various manufacturers that are gathered in step 102. The combination of capacity and inventory can be of great help to producers. For example, suppose that there are 1,000 glass substrates in the solar cell plant A today, and the B plant has only 200 pieces left because of certain factors. In this case, if there are still 400 orders to be placed in the work order of the B factory, it is necessary for the procurement personnel to increase the insufficiently purchased materials. This move is not only inevitable, but also does not make good use of manufacturing resources. Through the integration and sharing of production materials, planners can first borrow less material from the A-stock plant with sufficient inventory. This not only solves the problem of insufficient material in a single manufacturing plant, but also makes full use of the existing manufacturing resources of the enterprise. For another example, the lack of integration planning for the materials inventory of each Wei or all manufacturing plants is very likely to cause problems in purchasing black holes, which inevitably increases production costs and reduces corporate profits. If the stock materials of each factory can support or seconde each other, there will be no problem of insufficient stocks such as insufficient stocks or inventory 201042571 excess. Under the method of the invention, the integration of production information is not limited to materials, production capacity, and inventory, such as inventory management and control, manufacturing site scheduling and control, production planning, main production scheduling, procurement, sales, finance, etc. Efficient integration management after manufacturing project unification, in order to quickly respond to market demand, shorten design, and achieve better material requirements (Material Requirement Planning, MRp) and Manufacturing Resources & Manufacturing (Manufacturing Resource) Planning, MRPII). Please refer to the second figure, which is a global factory management system 200 for film solar cell manufacturing provided in another embodiment of the present invention, which comprises a production data management module 2〇1 and a resource management system. Module 203. The production data management module 2〇1 collects the production materials of each manufacturer. As shown in the figure, the production data management module 201 can be lightly coupled with a plurality of manufacturing plants a to X through the network, and data can be transmitted and exchanged therebetween. The production materials of various manufacturers, such as material list, work order, inventory of materials and products, quantity of work-in-progress, quota, knowledge day, parent food, etc., can be collected through the network to the production data management module. Centralized management in group 201. The collected plant production data can be used by the manufacturing resource management module 2〇3 after integration statistics to allocate manufacturing capacity, inventory and procurement for the multiple thin film solar cell manufacturers. Furthermore, the thin film solar cell manufacturing management system 200 of the present invention can cooperate with other management systems, such as integrated in a computer integrated manufacturing (C (Hnputer Integrated Manufacturing) (CIM) system 205 or an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system). 207 is a functional module as part of 201042571, or with Capacity Requirement Planning (2), Manufacturing Resource Planning (211), and Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). 213, other systems integration such as automated storage/retrieval system (AS/RS), in order to achieve the integrated operation of the overall manufacturing business. The embodiments described herein are for reviewers, The various features of the various embodiments of the invention are to be understood as the description of the invention. Those skilled in the art of the invention will be able to better understand the present invention. Numerous other embodiments may be derived or derived from the present disclosure. Structural and logical substitutions and changes may be made in the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Rather than to scale, some parts of the drawings can be enlarged and emphasized, while other parts may be abbreviated. Accordingly, the disclosure and the drawings of the invention are considered as illustrative rather than limiting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The system and method of the present invention will be better understood by reference to the following drawings and description. For a non-limiting and non-limiting embodiment, reference is made to the description of the subsequent drawings. The principles of the present invention are described in a manner that is consistent with the ''''''''''''''''''' Chemical Industry 201042571 Factory Management Method Flow Chart; and the second figure is a block diagram of the global factory management system for the manufacture of thin film solar cells of the present invention. [Main Component Symbol Description] 101 Step 102 Step 103 Step 200 Global Factory Management System 201 Production Data Management Module 203 Manufacturing Resource Planning Module 205 Computer Integrated Manufacturing System 207 Enterprise Resource Planning System 209 Capacity Planning System 211 Manufacturing Resource Planning System 213 Flexible Manufacturing System 12