201041813 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明揭示内容係關於玻璃片例如顯示器裝置例如為 • 液晶顯示器中使用作為基板之玻璃片。更特別是，本發明 -係關於控制玻璃帶中應力以及形狀之方法以及裝置，在向 下抽拉玻璃製造處理過程中例如為融合向下抽拉處理過程 )由玻璃帶製造出該玻璃片，以及由玻璃帶製造出玻璃片中 之應力以及形狀。 ° 【先前技術】 顯示器裝置使用在各種應用上。例如，可用在筆記型 電腦的薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器（TFT-LCDs)，平板式桌上型 螢幕，LCD電視，和網際網路與傳輸裝置，這也只是其中一部 分。 很多顯示器譬如TFT-LCD面板和有機發光二極體(〇led )面板可以直接在平板式玻璃片（玻璃基板)上製造。為了 Q 增加生產速度和減少成本，一般的面板製造處理過程會在 單片基板或基板的小片上同時生產多個面板。在這種處 理過程的各種不同點，基板沿著切割線被劃分成多個部份。 這種切割會改變玻璃内的應力分佈，尤其玻璃是真空 _ 扁平時可看到平面内的應力分佈。更特別的是，切割會減 輕切割線的應力，使得切割邊緣沒有牵引力。這種應力的 " 減輕大致會造成玻璃小片内真空扁平形狀的改變，顯示器 製造商稱此現象為”扭曲"。雖然通常形狀改變的量很小， 但有鑑於現代顯示器使用的晝素結構，這種由於切割產生 3 .201041813 的扭曲足以造成為數不少的缺陷（被拒絕的）顯示器。據此 ，扭曲疋製造商真正關心的問題，而有關切割造成可允許杻 曲的規格也是具有挑戰性的。 ， 除了當玻璃切割成小片時產生的扭曲，應力，包括保留 • 在玻璃内的殘餘應力是扭曲的來源，以及當玻璃溫度平衡 時就會消除的暫時應力，這兩種應力都會影響到製造玻璃 片的玻璃帶形狀。而玻璃帶形狀又會在玻璃分割時影響這 〇 種處理過程。尤其，玻璃帶形狀會影響劃線和接下來從玻 璃帶分割個別玻璃片，以及劃線期間玻璃帶的移動。 根據上述，我們需要更多的努力來控制向下抽拉玻璃 製造處理中用來生產玻璃片的玻璃帶内應力和形狀。本 說明提供的方法和裝置，可減少玻璃帶和從玻璃帶製成的 成品玻璃上，這些令人討厭的應力和形狀所造成的不良效 果。 【發明内容】 q 依據本發明第一項，這裡說明用來產生玻璃片（13)的 裝置是以向下抽拉處理過程產生玻璃帶（15),此裝置包括： (a)在使用裝置期間接觸玻璃帶（15)的第一拉引滾輪組 (60); (b)在使用裝置期間接觸玻璃帶(15)的第二拉引滾輪 組(70)，第二組拉引滾輪(70)位在第一拉引滾輪組(6〇)下 * 方;和（c)在使用裝置期間玻璃帶（15)通過的應力控制區 (50)，此應力控制區（50)位在第一和第二拉引滚輪組(6〇， 70)之間，在玻璃帶（15)的橫向抽拉之空間溫度解析度小於 或等於150公釐。 4 201041813 依據本發明第一項，這裡說明的裝置包括排列在兩列 之間的加熱το件(51)，列之間有一個孔徑（55)用來承受玻 璃帶(⑸’裝置在玻璃帶(⑸的橫向抽拉之空間溫度解析 - 度小於或等於150公釐。 • 依據本發明第-項，這概明製造_㈣方法包括: (A)使用抽拉處理過程產生玻璃帶（15)，和(B)從玻璃條帶 (15)切割玻璃片（13);其中玻璃帶(15)通過應力控制區域 (5〇)，在玻璃▼ (15)的橫向抽拉之空間溫度解析度小於或 ϋ等於150公董。 以上說明各讎性賴要所使用的參考織只是為了 碩者的方便，並不想或不應該解釋成侷限本發明的範疇。 更一般而έ，應該要瞭解上述的大致說明和以下的詳細描 述都只是本發_脑，是想时提供-個概要或架構，讓 人們暸解本發明的本質和特性。 本發明其他優點部份揭示於下列說明，部份可由說明 〇清楚暸解，或藉由實施下舰明_暸。所包含附圖將更 進-步h供了解本發明以及在此加入以及構成說明書之一 部份。人猶解先前-般綱及下觸細說明只作為範例 性及說明性以及並非作為限制性。 【實施方式】 下列說明與融合向下抽拉處理過軸關（亦稱為融合 處理，溢流向下抽減理過程，溢鱗理酿)，人們了 解在此所揭示以及請求之方法以及裝置亦_於其他向下 抽拉處理過程例如細縫抽拉處理過程。由於融合裝置為業 5 201041813 界所熟知，詳細細節加以省略以避免模糊範例性實施例之 說明。 圖1所示的是典型的熔融處理過程，使用一個形成結構 (等管）37,在凹腔39内承受融態玻璃（未顯示）。等管包括 根部41，在其中來自等管兩邊的融態玻璃彙集在一起，形成 玻璃帶15。在離開根部後，玻璃帶先越過邊緣滾輪27，然後 幻第拉引滾輪組6〇。當其向下移動時，玻璃會通過定型 品域，如圖1的31處所示。如此項技術已知的，在定型區域 X上的’置度，破璃會像是枯性的液體。而在定型區以下的 ，度:玻璃會像是彈性的_。#朗經過定龍域，從高 溫冷卻時騎顯賴祕_性突朗觀。而是玻璃的 ，!·生逐漸曰加，經過枯彈性區域，這裡的轉性兩種反應都 疋引人注意的，終於變成彈性的固體。 2璃從高溫冷卻到低溫，增加的枯性會造成應力減 Ο ^-種_材料，起始溫度是τ〇，以固定的速度⑶冷 部。其溫度為時間之函數，如底下公式 T(t)=T0-CR - t 定剪2間㈣時，玻璃受到小型瞬間的剪應變^。需要特 應力會隨時間而減少。^ ^除非溫度別很低， 如下灿to，cr) = σ(=間大於〇,剪力減缓模數定義 力減緩，阶;TQ，⑻料㈣少。較小:那 6 201041813 麼G(t; TO，CR)就會快速地衰退到零。假使τ〇很低或⑶很 大，那麼G(t;T0，CR)就不會衰退。在任何情況，以長時間來 看’模數G(t;T0, CR)會趨近於漸進線值g(〇〇 ;T〇, CR)。 -應力減緩比F (TO，CR)定義如下： F(T0, CR)=G(〇〇;T0,CR)/G(0；T0,CR) 在咼的開始溫度或緩慢冷卻時，F趨近〇。在低的開始 k度或快速冷卻時，F趨近丨。依據以上應力減緩比的定義， ❹定型區域定義如下：以冷卻速度cr，定義： T95 = TO 使得 F(T0, CR) = 〇. 95 T〇5 = TO 使得 f(T0，0〇 = 〇. 〇5。 定型區域的溫度區域從T95到T05。 圖1中，邊緣滚輪27接觸玻璃帶15的位置在定型區域上 方’而第一拉引滾輪組60位在定型區域内。根據應用而定， 第一拉引滾輪組7〇可位在定型區域内或下方。如圖2所示， 如果需要的話，也可使用額外的拉引滾輪組8〇和9〇。邊緣 〇 滾輪的溫度是低於玻璃，譬如邊緣滾輪會因水或空氣而冷 卻。由於這種低溫，邊緣滾輪會局部降低玻璃的溫度。這 種冷卻會減少玻璃帶的細化，亦即局部冷卻有助於控制抽 拉期間（譬如經由拉引滾輪的作用）所發生玻璃帶寬度的減 > 乂。拉引滾輪一般也會比接觸的玻璃冷，但因為其所在處 會進—步向下抽拉，因此溫度的差異可能小於邊緣滚輪。 依據特定實施例，在抽拉處理過程中在第一拉引滾輪 組60以下和第二拉引滚輪組7〇以上的位置併入應力控制 區域50(應力控制元件）^如圖丨所示，應力控制區域可以比 7 201041813 第二拉引雜組較靠近第-刻滾輪組。在特定實施例中 ，應力控制區域是位在定型區域譬如在定型區域下方的三 分之一處，假如需要的情況下也可使用在其他位置。、 ' 應力控制區域可提供傳統抽拉處理過程無法達到的橫 • 向抽拉溫度控繼。以㈣來看，應力控繼域提供的橫$ 向抽拉之空間溫度解析度小於或等於15〇公釐（〜6英吋）像 是大約75-125公复（〜3. 5英忖)的空間解析度。如這裡所使 ❹㈣，應力控舰域的雜溫度騎度是減此無關可被 改變溫度的兩個點之間最小的水平距離，亦即在某一點上 溫度的改變可產生另外一點最多±10%的溫度改變，這兩個 點是位在玻璃玻璃帶的品質部份，亦即最後會成為玻璃片（ 玻璃基板）的部份。在其他事項中可使用這種空間溫度解 析度的大小來控制玻璃帶内的應力，因而減少玻璃基板被 切割成小片時的扭曲（請見上述）。 圖3顯不的是應力控制區域實施例，使用多個緊密間隔 ❹的加熱兀件51，以達到可控制玻璃帶内應力的橫向抽拉之 空間溫度解析度。雖然先前在熔化機器中使用過加熱元件 (線圈）以達整體溫度控制的目的，但那些線圈在橫向抽拉 方向很寬地間隔著，而無法在玻璃帶表面提供足夠細的空 . 間/jnL度解析度以控制玻璃帶内的應力。或是，線圈和玻璃 π表面之間的間隔太大，而無法達到此目的。 依據本發明說明，利用加熱元件間橫向抽拉的間隔（即 相鄰兩個7〇間中心對中心的距離)，和從元件到玻璃帶的間 隔（即玻璃帶到加熱元件的距離）以達到小於或等於150刪 8 201041813 的橫向抽拉之_溫度㈣度。為了枝製造，騎有元 件而言，相鄰加熱元間之間的實體間隔一般是相同的。然 而，如果需要的話，也可以使用變化的間隔。據此，如這禮 所用的’加熱兀間之間的間隔是在應力控制區域使用的所 - 有元件中心對中心的平均間隔。 同樣地’對所有元件而言，元件到玻璃帶的間隔一般也 是相同的’姊果f要的話，也可叹—些或所有元件不相 ❹同。例如’為了考慮制機H的奇特性f，_帶某一面上 的間隔可以和另-面上的間隔不同，或者靠近玻璃帶—邊 的間隔可以和靠近另一邊的間隔不同。據此，如這裡所用 的’元件到玻璃帶的間隔是在應力控制區域使用的所有元 件的平均間隔。這種間隔的調整一般可以藉著移動一排元 件罪近或遠離玻璃帶，或藉著交換應力控制區域裝置具有 不同元件到玻璃帶間隔的不同裝置有特定的元件到破璃帶 ^隔而均等地改變所有間隔。或者，如果需要的話也可以 Q 調整一些或所有元件的個別間隔。 這兩種間隔中，即元件之間間隔和元件到玻璃帶間隔 ，常是元件之間間隔小於元件到玻璃帶間隔。例如，在特 $實施例中，元件之_隔是小於或等於5G公釐2英时), 譬如大約30公釐（〜1英吋)，而元件到玻璃帶間隔是在5〇和 咖公釐之間（〜2-8英忖）。在#-實施例中，以類似的元件 之間間隔，元件到玻璃帶間隔是在最近的拉引滚輪直徑的 0. 5到1· 5倍範圍。為了參考起見，一般拉引滾輪直徑是在 120-150公釐（〜5-6英吋）的範圍。應該要注意的是加熱元 9 201041813 件和玻璃帶之間的間隔一般是沒有拉引或其他型態的滚輪 ，這樣才不會干擾個別元件局部影響玻璃帶溫度的作用。 在應力控制區域可以使用元件之間間隔和元件到玻璃 帶間隔的各式組合。在特定實施例中，可以選擇這些間隔， 使輸送到個別加熱元件的電力丨瓦的改變，就可以造成從玻 璃帶切割的玻璃片至少一個位置中，至少3. 5千帕斯卡(〇. 5 psi)的應力改變。在其他實施例，間隔可達到至少7千帕斯 卡（lpsi)的應力改變。 應力控制區域的加熱元件可以是由各種材料組成，而 且可有各式設計機制。例如，為達此目的可以使用線圈或 才于式的咼溫抗阻材料。圖4顯示的實施例是使用鐵/鉻/銘 高溫線圈來形成加熱元件51。以電流供應元件，經由導線 52提供給個別元件或一系列的元件群組（比較個別提供的 中〜加熱元件和在端點以群組提供的元件）。可以系列提 供給鄰近或非鄰近的加熱元件，根據安裝的規格而定。元 件可以安裝在熱阻框架53上，藉著螺栓54保護在炫融抽拉 的機器内。使用絕緣層（譬如氧化銘絕緣)來控制應力控制 區域的熱耗損。使賴間，玻璃帶通過孔徑55，譬如通過孔 徑中央。 框架53的長度是根據玻璃帶的寬度。一般而言，長度 有點大於玻_的寬度，雖然如果f要的話，應力控制區域 的長度可«帶的紐雜。在—項實施例中，框架 53的同度疋在125-150公釐（〜5-6英忖)範圍，加熱元件51有 點比較短。例如，加熱元件的平均高度可以在5Q⑽公餐（ 201041813 〜2-4英屮細，譬如大約75公釐㈠英吁）。如果需要的話 ’在框架53端點區域段形成視窗的情況，框架和加熱元件可 能比較高。（或者，如圖2所示，可提供一個或多個視窗奶當 .作拉引滾輪元件的一部分。高度小於50公釐（〜2英时)的加 '熱疋件可能需要非常小的元件到玻璃帶間隔，也因而不適 用在大夕數的應用。框架的深度是根據元件到玻璃帶間隔 在些實％例中，框架的深度大約是框架寬度的三倍。 ❾應該要注意的是，當條帶通過應力控制區域孔徑的中央時， 孔徑的深度等於兩倍的元件到玻璃帶間隔加上玻璃的厚度 。以薄的玻璃而言，譬如厚度在〇. 7公釐或以下的玻璃如一 般的LCD和，深度是真正#於元件到玻璃帶間隔的 兩倍，譬如在100和400公釐（〜4-16英吋)之間。 從以上可以明顯看出，應力控制區域的整個維度以熔 融抽拉機器而言是適度的可促使區域的建構以及安裝。 使用應力控制區域的一項重要優點是減少，而在一些實施 Q 例中疋免除熔融抽拉機器的其他區域段執行應力控制的需 求。尤其，可以真正減少應力控制區域以上的區域段和玻 璃製造處理這種特性相關的需求。沒有好好定位這種其他 區域段以控制應力，意味著和應力控制區域比起來需要加 入更多能量(熱)到玻璃帶。於是，更多能量會減少玻璃帶 的橫向抽拉張力，容易造成橫向抽拉翹曲，尤其是簾狀翹曲 ，玻璃帶的表面發展出像是垂直吊掛窗簾橫向起伏的形狀 。藉由將應力控制區域放在定型區域内譬如在定型區域下 方的三分之一處，可以控制應力而不需引用大量的能量到 201041813 玻璃帶，也因而減少玻璃帶發展橫向抽拉翹曲譬如簾狀翹 曲的機會。 除了可減少橫向抽拉翹曲的可能性，應力控制區域也 不會貞面影響向下蹄的溫度外形®，這又目為是相當小 量的能量引用至應力控制區域的玻璃帶。由於向下抽拉的 溫度外形圖也會產生翹曲，而且藉由讓那些外形圖保持不 變’控制翹曲的系統在引用應力控制區域之前不可能因為 引用此區域献去控制’這進—步降低了產生輕曲的可能 性。 以下非限定性的範例顯示本項說明應力控制區域的特 別應用。 範例： 本範例說明應力控制區域可以降低使用熔融抽拉機器 準備的玻璃片内的殘餘應力。尤其，此範例比較了使用5個 主動式加熱兀件（圖5比較範例）產生的應力水準以及使用9 〇個主動式元件（圖6測試範例)產生的應力水準。應力控制 ^域可以如以上® 4說_方式建構放在絲抽拉機器第 一拉引滾輪組下方和第二拉引滾輪組上方即圖丨中拉引滾 輪60和7G之财型區域底部的三分之一處。 圖5和6中沿著水平軸的編號指出應力控制區域的個別 轉位在水平軸上麵三角型資料點顯示的是施加到 個別線圈的功率量。正方型資料點顯示的是利用三角型資 ^次力率刀4產生的玻璃片内測得的應力。每個圖中的實 心資料點顯稀是在玻則卿邊_得的應力，而空心 12 201041813 資料點顯示的是在破璃片底部測得的應力。水平線代表零 應力，線上方賴代表正應力值，*線上方的點代表負應力 值。使用傳統雙折射技術測量應力。 在β® 5中，只有提供加熱元件27, 2M2和43電流，元件 • 27’ 28是以〜90瓦/元件的功率運作，而元件42和43是以〜35 瓦/元件的神運作。® 6中，元件24到30和元件42和43是 主動式的，元件42和43也是以〜35瓦/元件的功率運作，而元 Q件:7, 28也是以〜90瓦/元件的功率運作，其餘的元件24到3〇 則是以〜50瓦/元件的功率運作。 應力控制區域在降低殘餘應力的效果從這些圖中立即 可見。圖5中，最大應力大約是9〇〇千帕斯卡（〜13〇psi)，而 在圖6中，減少到至少大約‘go千帕斯卡（〜7〇pSi)，亦即減少 超過45%。除此之外，圖6的應力外形圖比圖5的扁平，也是 針對大多數應用的優點。更者，圖6的最大應力出現在加熱 兀件沒有啟動的區域。藉由啟動這個區域的元件，就可以 Q 達到更低的最大應力值和更扁平的整個外形圖。 從以上的說明，熟悉此項技術的人可以很明顯的知道 各種不背離本發明範疇和精神的修改。以下的申請專利範 圍是想要涵蓋這裡提出的特定實施例，以及那些實施例的 修改，變化，和同等物。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為依據範例性實施例之融合玻璃製造裝置的示意 性前視圖。 圖2為依據範例性實施例之融合玻璃製造裝置的示意 13 201041813 性侧視圖。玻璃帶(並未顯示出）向下運行於拉引滾軸間之 抽拉中央線。 圖3為應力控制區域加熱元件實施例之示意性前視圖。 圖4為應力控制區域相關裝置以及加熱元件實施例之 .透視圖。 圖5為曲線圖，其顯示出應力控制區域四個主動加熱元 件之玻璃片中量測應力。 0 圖6為曲線圖，其顯示出應力控制區域九個主動加熱元 件之玻璃片中量測應力。 圖1 -3並不按照比例以及並不預期顯示出組件之相對 尺寸。附圖中所使用參考數字相對元件顯示於底下。 【主要元件符號說明】 玻璃片13;朗帶15;元件24—3();邊緣滾輪％定 型區域31;刻痕、線35;等管37;凹腔39;根部4i.加執元 件42, 43;視窗45;應力控制區域5〇; 0㈣架53册54湖55;第,_組6〇2 拉引滾輪組70;額外的拉引滾輪組8〇 9〇。 14201041813 VI. Description of the Invention: Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a glass sheet such as a display device, for example, a glass sheet used as a substrate in a liquid crystal display. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling stress and shape in a glass ribbon, the glass sheet being fabricated from a glass ribbon during a downward draw glass manufacturing process, such as a fused downward draw process, And the stress and shape in the glass piece are produced by the glass ribbon. ° [Prior Art] Display devices are used in a variety of applications. For example, thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCDs), tablet-type desktop screens, LCD TVs, and internet and transmission devices that can be used in notebook computers are just a few of them. Many displays, such as TFT-LCD panels and organic light-emitting diode (LED) panels, can be fabricated directly on flat glass sheets (glass substrates). In order to increase the production speed and reduce the cost of Q, the general panel manufacturing process produces multiple panels simultaneously on a single substrate or a small piece of substrate. At various points in this process, the substrate is divided into sections along the cutting line. This cutting changes the stress distribution in the glass, especially when the glass is vacuum _ flat to see the stress distribution in the plane. More specifically, the cutting reduces the stress on the cutting line so that the cutting edge has no traction. The reduction of this stress generally causes a change in the flat shape of the vacuum inside the glass piece, which the display manufacturer calls "twisting". Although the amount of shape change is usually small, in view of the structure of the halogen used in modern displays. This distortion caused by the cutting of 3.201041813 is enough to cause a large number of defective (rejected) displays. According to this, the problem that the manufacturer really cares about is distorted, and the specifications that allow the distortion to be allowed to be cut are also challenging. In addition to the distortion, stress, including retention when the glass is cut into small pieces, the residual stress in the glass is the source of the distortion, and the temporary stress that is eliminated when the glass temperature is balanced, both of which affect To the shape of the glass ribbon that makes the glass sheet, and the shape of the glass ribbon affects this process during the glass splitting. In particular, the shape of the glass ribbon affects the scribe line and then separates the individual glass sheets from the glass ribbon, as well as during the scribe line. The movement of the glass ribbon. According to the above, we need more efforts to control the downward pulling of the glass The internal stress and shape of the glass ribbon used to produce the glass sheet in the manufacturing process. The present description provides a method and apparatus for reducing the glass ribbon and the finished glass made from the glass ribbon, resulting from these objectionable stresses and shapes. [Invention] [Invention] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for producing a glass piece (13) is described herein as a glass ribbon (15) produced by a downward drawing process, the apparatus comprising: (a) a first pull roller set (60) that contacts the glass ribbon (15) during use of the device; (b) a second pull roller set (70) that contacts the glass ribbon (15) during use of the device, and a second set of draw rollers (70) located below the first pull roller set (6〇); and (c) a stress control zone (50) through which the glass ribbon (15) passes during use of the device, the stress control zone (50) being located Between the first and second pull roller sets (6〇, 70), the spatial temperature resolution of the lateral draw of the glass ribbon (15) is less than or equal to 150 mm. 4 201041813 According to the first item of the present invention, The illustrated device includes a heating element (51) arranged between two columns with an aperture (55) between the columns. Used to withstand the glass ribbon ((5)' device in the glass ribbon ((5) lateral extraction of the space temperature resolution - degrees less than or equal to 150 mm. • According to the invention, this is defined in the manufacturing _ (four) method includes: (A The glass ribbon (15) is produced using a drawing process, and (B) the glass sheet (13) is cut from the glass strip (15); wherein the glass ribbon (15) passes through the stress control zone (5〇), in the glass ▼ ( 15) The spatial temperature resolution of the lateral pull is less than or equal to 150 dong. The reference weave used in the above description is only for the convenience of the master, and it is not intended or should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. More generally and ambiguously, it should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only a summary of the present invention, and are intended to provide an overview or an understanding of the nature and characteristics of the present invention. Further advantages of the invention are disclosed in the following description, which may be clearly understood by the description or by the implementation of the ship. The accompanying drawings will be further described in order to understand the invention and to be incorporated herein by reference. It is only exemplary and illustrative and not limiting as to the prior and general descriptions. [Embodiment] The following description and the fusion down-drawing process are performed (also referred to as fusion processing, overflow down-draw process, overflowing), and the methods and devices disclosed and claimed herein are also known. _ in other downward drawing processes such as the slitting process. Since the fusion device is well known in the art, details are omitted to avoid obscuring the description of the exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 shows a typical melt processing process using a forming structure (isopipe) 37 to receive molten glass (not shown) in cavity 39. The equal tube includes a root 41 in which the molten glass from both sides of the tube are brought together to form a glass ribbon 15. After leaving the root, the glass ribbon first passes over the edge roller 27, and then the magic roller pulls the roller set 6 turns. As it moves down, the glass passes through the styling domain, as shown at 31 in Figure 1. As is known in the art, the glaze on the shaped area X will be like a dry liquid. And below the stereotyped area, degree: glass will be like elastic _. #朗 passed the Dinglong domain, riding from the high temperature cooling when the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ It's glass, and it's gradually growing. After the dry elastic zone, the two kinds of reactions here are noticeable and finally become elastic solids. 2 The glass is cooled from high temperature to low temperature, and the increased dryness will cause the stress to be reduced. The starting temperature is τ〇 at a fixed speed (3). The temperature is a function of time. For example, when the formula T(t)=T0-CR - t is cut 2 (four), the glass is subjected to a small instantaneous shear strain ^. Special stress is required to decrease over time. ^ ^ Unless the temperature is not very low, the following can be to, cr) = σ (= is greater than 〇, the shear force slows down the modulus to define the force to slow down, the order; TQ, (8) material (four) less. Smaller: that 6 201041813 G ( t; TO, CR) will quickly decay to zero. If τ〇 is very low or (3) is large, then G(t; T0, CR) will not decay. In any case, look at the 'modulo for a long time. G(t; T0, CR) will approach the progressive line value g(〇〇; T〇, CR). - The stress relaxation ratio F (TO, CR) is defined as follows: F(T0, CR)=G(〇〇 ;T0,CR)/G(0;T0,CR) F approaches 〇 at the onset temperature or slow cooling of the crucible. At a low starting k degree or rapid cooling, F approaches 丨. According to the above stress relaxation ratio The definition, the defined area is defined as follows: at the cooling rate cr, defined: T95 = TO such that F(T0, CR) = 〇. 95 T〇5 = TO makes f(T0,0〇= 〇. 〇5. Shaped area The temperature region is from T95 to T05. In Fig. 1, the position of the edge roller 27 contacting the glass ribbon 15 is above the shaping region' and the first roller roller group 60 is located in the shaping region. Depending on the application, the first pulling roller Group 7〇 can be located in or below the shaping area. If necessary, additional pull roller sets 8〇 and 9〇 can be used. The edge 〇 roller is cooler than glass, for example, the edge roller will be cooled by water or air. Due to this low temperature, the edge roller will Locally lowering the temperature of the glass. This cooling reduces the refinement of the glass ribbon, that is, local cooling helps to control the reduction of the width of the glass ribbon during the drawing (for example, via the action of the pulling roller). The roller will generally also be colder than the contact glass, but because it will be pulled down step by step, the difference in temperature may be less than the edge roller. According to a particular embodiment, the first pull roller during the drawing process The position below 60 and the second pull roller group 7〇 are incorporated into the stress control region 50 (stress control element). As shown in Fig. ,, the stress control region can be closer to the second pull reference group than the 7 201041813 Engraving the roller set. In a particular embodiment, the stress control zone is located in the shaped area, such as one third below the shaped area, and may be used in other locations if desired. The stress control area can provide the horizontal and horizontal pull temperature control that cannot be achieved by the traditional pumping process. In (4), the spatial temperature resolution of the horizontal pull direction provided by the stress control relay field is less than or equal to 15 〇 PCT (~6 inches) is like the spatial resolution of about 75-125 gongs (~3.5 mile). As shown here, ❹(4), the temperature-controlled ride of the stress-controlled shipyard is reduced and irrelevant can be changed. The minimum horizontal distance between two points of temperature, that is, the change in temperature at a certain point can produce another temperature change of up to ±10%, which is located in the quality part of the glass ribbon, ie Finally, it will become part of the glass sheet (glass substrate). This spatial temperature resolution can be used in other matters to control the stress in the glass ribbon, thereby reducing distortion when the glass substrate is cut into small pieces (see above). Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the stress control zone using a plurality of closely spaced turns of the heating element 51 to achieve a spatial temperature resolution of the lateral draw that controls the internal stress of the glass ribbon. Although heating elements (coils) have previously been used in melting machines for overall temperature control purposes, those coils are widely spaced in the lateral pull direction and do not provide a sufficiently thin space on the surface of the glass ribbon. Degree of resolution to control the stress within the glass ribbon. Or, the gap between the coil and the glass π surface is too large to achieve this. In accordance with the teachings of the present invention, the spacing between the lateral extraction of the heating elements (i.e., the center-to-center distance between two adjacent 7 turns) and the spacing from the component to the glass ribbon (i.e., the distance from the glass ribbon to the heating element) are utilized. Less than or equal to 150 delete 8 201041813 lateral pull _ temperature (four) degrees. For branch manufacturing, the physical spacing between adjacent heating elements is generally the same for riding components. However, varying intervals can also be used if desired. Accordingly, the interval between the heating enthalpies used in this ritual is the average spacing of the center of the component to the center used in the stress control region. Similarly, for all components, the spacing of the components to the glass ribbon is generally the same. If the effect is desired, some or all of the components are not identical. For example, in order to consider the odd characteristic f of the machine H, the interval on one side of the tape may be different from the interval on the other side, or the interval near the glass ribbon may be different from the interval near the other side. Accordingly, the 'component-to-glass ribbon spacing as used herein is the average spacing of all components used in the stress control region. Such spacing adjustments can generally be achieved by moving a row of components near or away from the glass ribbon, or by swapping stress control zone devices having different components to different spacing of the glass ribbons, having specific components to the ribbons and equally Change all intervals. Alternatively, Q can adjust the individual spacing of some or all of the components if needed. In these two intervals, the spacing between the components and the spacing of the components to the glass ribbon, often the spacing between the components is less than the spacing of the components to the glass ribbon. For example, in the special embodiment, the element spacing is less than or equal to 5G mm 2 inches, such as about 30 mm (~1 inch), and the component to glass ribbon spacing is 5 〇 and 咖公Between PCT (~2-8 inches). In the #-embodiment, the spacing between the components and the glass ribbon is in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter of the nearest pulling roller. For reference, the diameter of the pull roller is generally in the range of 120-150 mm (~5-6 inches). It should be noted that the heating element 9 201041813 between the glass strip and the glass ribbon is generally not pulled or other types of rollers, so as not to interfere with the effect of individual components on the temperature of the glass ribbon. Various combinations of spacing between components and spacing of components to glass ribbons can be used in the stress control region. In a particular embodiment, the spacing may be selected such that the change in the power of the tiles to the individual heating elements may result in at least one of the at least one position of the glass sheet cut from the glass ribbon, at least 3.5 kPa (〇. 5 psi). The stress changes. In other embodiments, the spacing can achieve a stress change of at least 7 kilopascals (lpsi). The heating elements of the stress control zone can be composed of a variety of materials and can have a variety of design mechanisms. For example, a coil or a heat-resistant resistance material can be used for this purpose. The embodiment shown in Figure 4 is the use of an iron/chromium/ming high temperature coil to form the heating element 51. The current supply elements are supplied via wires 52 to individual elements or a series of element groups (comparing individually provided to heating elements and elements provided in groups at the endpoints). The series can be supplied to adjacent or non-adjacent heating elements, depending on the specifications of the installation. The component can be mounted on the thermal resistance frame 53 and protected by a bolt 54 in the machine for squeezing and pulling. Insulation (such as oxidized insulation) is used to control the heat loss in the stress control area. The glass ribbon is passed through the aperture 55, such as through the center of the aperture. The length of the frame 53 is based on the width of the glass ribbon. In general, the length is somewhat larger than the width of the glass _, although the length of the stress control area can be «what if it is desired. In the embodiment, the frame 53 has the same enthalpy in the range of 125-150 mm (~5-6 ft), and the heating element 51 is relatively short. For example, the average height of the heating element can be 5Q (10) metric (201041813 ~ 2-4 inches fine, such as about 75 mm (a) Ying Yu). If desired, the frame and heating elements may be relatively high in the case where a window is formed in the end region section of the frame 53. (Or, as shown in Figure 2, one or more window milk can be provided as part of the pull roller element. Adding 'hot parts' at heights less than 50 mm (~2 inches) may require very small components The spacing to the glass ribbon is therefore not applicable to the application of the large number of eves. The depth of the frame is based on the spacing of the components to the glass ribbon. The depth of the frame is approximately three times the width of the frame. ❾ It should be noted that When the strip passes through the center of the aperture of the stress control zone, the depth of the aperture is equal to twice the thickness of the component to the glass ribbon plus the thickness of the glass. For thin glass, such as glass having a thickness of 〇. 7 mm or less As in general LCD and, the depth is twice the actual component-to-glass ribbon spacing, such as between 100 and 400 mm (~4-16 inches). It is apparent from the above that the entire stress control area Dimensions are modest in the melt-drawing machine to facilitate the construction and installation of the area. An important advantage of using stress-controlled areas is reduction, while in some implementations Q, other areas of the melt-drawing machine are exempted. The need for line stress control. In particular, it is possible to truly reduce the requirements associated with the area above the stress control area and the glass manufacturing process. Failure to properly locate such other sections to control stress means that it is required in comparison with the stress control area. Add more energy (heat) to the glass ribbon. Therefore, more energy will reduce the lateral tension of the glass ribbon, which will easily cause lateral warping, especially curtain warpage. The surface of the glass ribbon develops like vertical. Hanging the undulating shape of the curtain. By placing the stress control area in the shaped area, for example, one third of the area below the shaped area, the stress can be controlled without quoting a large amount of energy to the 201041813 glass ribbon, thus reducing the glass The belt has the opportunity to develop a lateral warp warp, such as a curtain warp. In addition to reducing the possibility of lateral warping, the stress control zone does not affect the temperature profile of the lower shoe, which is quite similar. A small amount of energy is referenced to the glass ribbon in the stress control area. Warp due to the downward drawing of the temperature profile also results in Let those outlines remain the same. The system that controls the warping cannot be controlled by reference to this area before the stress control area is referenced. This step reduces the possibility of producing a slight curve. The following non-limiting examples show this. The item describes the special application of the stress control area. Example: This example shows that the stress control area can reduce the residual stress in the glass piece prepared by the melt drawing machine. In particular, this example compares the use of five active heating elements (Figure 5 The comparative example) produces the stress level and the stress level generated by using 9 active components (test example in Figure 6.) The stress control field can be constructed as described in the above 4: _ way to place the first pull roller on the wire drawing machine Below the group and above the second pull roller set is one-third of the bottom of the yield zone of the pull rollers 60 and 7G in the figure. The numbers along the horizontal axis in Figures 5 and 6 indicate the individual turns of the stress control zone. The triangular data points above the horizontal axis show the amount of power applied to the individual coils. The square data points show the stress measured in the glass piece produced by the triangular force rate knife 4. The solid data points in each figure are sparsely stressed at the edge of the glass, while the hollow 12 201041813 data points show the stress measured at the bottom of the glass. The horizontal line represents zero stress, the upper line of the line represents the normal stress value, and the point above the * line represents the negative stress value. Stress is measured using conventional birefringence techniques. In the beta® 5, only the heating elements 27, 2M2 and 43 are supplied, the components • 27' 28 operate at ~90 watts/component power, while the components 42 and 43 operate at ~35 watts/component. In ® 6, components 24 to 30 and components 42 and 43 are active, components 42 and 43 are also operated at ~35 watts/component power, while Q-components: 7, 28 are also at ~90 watts/component power. Operation, the remaining components 24 to 3 are operating at ~50 watts/component power. The effect of the stress control zone on reducing residual stress is immediately visible from these figures. In Figure 5, the maximum stress is about 9 〇〇 kPa (~13 psi), and in Figure 6, it is reduced to at least about ‘go kilopascals (~7 〇 pSi), which is reduced by more than 45%. In addition, the stress profile of Figure 6 is flatter than that of Figure 5 and is also an advantage for most applications. Moreover, the maximum stress of Figure 6 occurs in the area where the heating element is not activated. By activating the components in this area, Q can achieve lower maximum stress values and a flatter overall outline. From the above description, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The following patents are intended to cover the specific embodiments of the invention, as well as modifications, variations, and equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a fused glass manufacturing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. 2 is a schematic, fragmentary view of a fused glass manufacturing apparatus in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The glass ribbon (not shown) runs down the draw centerline between the draw rollers. 3 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of a stress control zone heating element. Figure 4 is a perspective view of a stress control zone related device and a heating element embodiment. Figure 5 is a graph showing the measured stress in the glass sheets of the four active heating elements in the stress control region. 0 Figure 6 is a graph showing the measured stress in the glass sheets of the nine active heating elements in the stress control zone. Figure 1-3 is not to scale and is not intended to show the relative dimensions of the components. The reference numerals used in the figures are shown below. [Description of main component symbols] glass sheet 13; lang tape 15; component 24-3 (); edge roller % shaped region 31; score, line 35; tube 37; cavity 39; root portion 4i. 43; window 45; stress control area 5 〇; 0 (four) frame 53 volumes 54 lake 55; first, _ group 6 〇 2 pull roller set 70; additional pull roller set 8 〇 9 〇. 14