201040029 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於用於列印單元檢測及校準之方法及裝 置。 t先前老^袖^ 發明背景 諸如噴墨或氣劑噴注等材料沉積系統係在可列印式電 〇 子裝置產業中視為用於選擇性製作薄層之有前景的方法之 一 ’並有潛力變成太陽能光伏電池中製作前接觸件之首選 技術。此技術具有優於傳統方法之數項優點，譬如其不需 要接觸於太陽能電池的脆弱表面，具有較好解析度，且提 供較向生產力。 —種“隨選滴落式”噴墨技術的運作係藉由可被接通或 關斷的複數個喷嘴將墨水細滴粒選擇性射出至列印媒體 上。藉由相對於基材掃描一列印頭（一含有數個配送喷嘴之 〇 列印單元)來形成經列印圖案；藉由控制強迫何者噴嘴射出 滴粒、及滴射出的定時來控制基材上之點的一位置。藉由 控制射出的一定時及射出喷嘴的一選擇並藉由將這些參數 與—基材的一平移作進一步同步化，一所想要圖案可被形 成於基材上。用於量產太陽能電池的喷墨系統之較佳掃描 類型係包含傳送器處理，亦即沿著稱為“掃描軸線，，的單一 軸線之一線性掃描。此類塑的掃描中，太陽能電池係以一 線性動作在列印單元(其可包含-或多個列印頭)底下被掃 描同時列印頭在掃描期間保持靜態。 3 201040029 所有沉積列印機的一共通困難可能係與故障喷嘴相 關，其在極端案例中會表現為孔口的完全阻塞，因此完全 地阻絕滴粒射出。但更常見的是，故障喷嘴特徵將在於不 利的列印特徵構造，譬如錯誤的滴粒尺寸及/或區位。另一 問題可能係關於失準、或概括關於可能造成圖案被誤置、 扭曲或呈現其他錯誤之一列印頭的—位置。 雖然該技藝習知的方法及系統可使列印單元能夠作離 線檢測及服務，此等離線方法只可在系統未列印時或另處 於思惰時進行、但無法在不阻礙生產情形下進行。 【發明内容】 依據本發明之一實施例，係特定提供一種用於檢測一 列印系統之方法’包含：從列印單元的喷嘴配送材料於一 基材上以在單一掃描中形成一測試圖案及一列印圖案的第 ^伤，獲取該測試圖案的影像；分析該影像；及從另一 或多個列印單元的喷嘴配送材料於該基材上以形成覆蓋住 該測試圖案之該列印圖案的一第二部份。 圖式簡單說明 在說明書的結論部分中特別指出且確切請求被視為本 發明之標的物。然而，本發明就組織及操作方法、且連同 其目的、特徵構造及優點而論，可連同附圖參照下文詳細 描述予以清楚瞭解，其中： 第1圖係顯示根據本發明的實施例之一包含狹窄指線 及較寬匯流排桿之示範性圖案； 第2圖顯示根據本發明的實施例之一示範性列印系統； 201040029 第3圖顯示根據 性圖案； 本發明的實施例包含測試 圖案之示範 .…吟尽發明的實施例 務列印單元之方法的流程圖；及 Γ瞭圖 =根據本發明的實施例之-示齡列印系統。 4依择rttJ 了顯不清楚及簡單起見，圖巾顯示的元件未 必依實際比例繪匍。 1如ϋ it件的維度可能為求清楚 而相對於其他亓杜4 L t201040029 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for printing unit calibration and calibration. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Material deposition systems such as inkjet or gas injection are considered to be one of the promising methods for selectively making thin layers in the printable electronic device industry. The potential becomes the technology of choice for making front contacts in solar photovoltaic cells. This technology has several advantages over traditional methods, such as it does not require contact with the fragile surface of the solar cell, has better resolution, and provides more productivity. The operation of the "on-demand" ink jet technique selectively ejects fine droplets of ink onto a print medium by a plurality of nozzles that can be turned "on" or "off". Forming a printed pattern by scanning a row of print heads (a print unit containing a plurality of dispensing nozzles) relative to the substrate; controlling the substrate by controlling the timing of forcing the nozzles to shoot the droplets and the droplets to be ejected A point of the point. A desired pattern can be formed on the substrate by controlling the timing of the shot and the selection of the exit nozzle and by further synchronizing these parameters with a translation of the substrate. A preferred scanning type for an inkjet system for mass production of solar cells includes conveyor processing, that is, linear scanning along a single axis called a "scanning axis," which is a solar cell A linear motion is scanned under the printing unit (which may include - or multiple print heads) while the printhead remains static during the scan. 3 201040029 A common difficulty with all deposition printers may be associated with faulty nozzles, In extreme cases, it will appear as a complete blockage of the orifice, thus completely preventing droplet ejection. But more commonly, the faulty nozzle feature will be due to unfavorable printing features such as incorrect droplet size and/or location. Another problem may be related to misalignment, or generalizing the position of the print head that may cause the pattern to be misplaced, distorted, or present another error. Although the art method and system can enable the print unit to be offline Inspection and service, these offline methods can only be carried out when the system is not printed or when it is otherwise in a state of mind, but cannot be carried out without hindering production. According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for detecting a printing system is provided, which comprises: dispensing material from a nozzle of a printing unit on a substrate to form a test pattern and a print in a single scan. a second image of the pattern, obtaining an image of the test pattern; analyzing the image; and dispensing material from the nozzle of the other one or more printing units onto the substrate to form a print pattern covering the test pattern BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The following is a summary of the specification and the claims of the invention The drawings may be clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description in which: FIG. 1 shows an exemplary pattern including a narrow finger line and a wider bus bar according to an embodiment of the present invention; An exemplary printing system of one embodiment; 201040029 Figure 3 shows a pattern according to nature; an embodiment of the invention includes a demonstration of a test pattern. A flow chart of a method for printing a printing unit; and a drawing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 rttJ is unclear and simple, and the towel is displayed. The components may not be drawn according to the actual ratio. 1 If the dimension of the ϋ it piece may be clear and relative to other 亓Du 4 L t
霧编在不同圖式中可依需要重 覆編如代表對應或類似的元件。 【實施冷式】 發明的實施例之詳細說明 、 撝述中，提供許多特定細節以徹底瞭解本發 明。然而，-般熟習該技藝者將瞭解可料含這些特定細 即來實施本n其他案例中，則未詳述熟知的方法、程 序、’、件模、、且、單元及/或電路以免模糊本發明。 本發明的實施例係有關一具有一檢測系統的列印系 統，其中檢測系統可與—列印製程同時地操作 。本發明的 實施例係進一步有關一用於列印單元的線上或飛速 (on-the-fly)檢測之系統及方法。根據實施例，參與一現行、 行進中列印工作之噴注噴嘴或其他配送單元係可與一處理 中的列印工作同時以線上、飛速或其他方式作檢測。將瞭 解可如此處所描述來檢測及服務諸如喷墨、氣劑喷注、或 任何其他配送系統等之任何適用的配送單元。同理，本發 明的實施例並不限於所配送、列印或沉積的材料類型。 5 201040029 雖然此處討論主要係指包含複數個噴注或其他類型喷 嘴之列印頭’將瞭解可使用任何適㈣配置或總成藉以相 對於-基材來定位複數個列印單元及/或材料沉積裝置。雖 然此處討論主要將指金屬化線在歧太陽能電池上的一沉 積’將瞭解可如此處所描述般地進行用於沉積任何適用圖 案及/或任何適當材料於任何適用基材上之列印單元的線 上或飛速檢測。 根據本發明的實施例，一或多個測試圖案可在一第一 掃描中於保留(I域巾被列印在基㈣表面上。—特定案例 中’列印有-測試圖案之保留區域可能係為在—後續或第 二掃描中沉積材料之區域。可譬如利用—數位攝影機或任 何適當的成㈣統來獲取測試圖案的—影像。經獲取影像 可進行-分析並絲判定輯’譬如輯时嘴或失準的 列印頭。本發明的部分實_巾，可在基材於單—掃描方 向中的一連續平移期間進行測試圖案以及該圖案的第—及 第二部份之沉積、影像的獲取及分析。 現在參照第1圖，其顯示可沉積在一基材1〇〇上之—示 範性金屬化圖案。譬如，基材可為—太陽能電池。如圖所 不，圖案可包含複數個指線1〇1及複數個匯流排桿1〇2。通 常來說，可首先譬如藉由被定位或配置橫橫一掃描軸線之 —第一組列印頭中的一或多個喷嘴來沉積指線1〇1。一包含 一指列印頭之噴嘴陣列通常係被配置成沿著該掃描軸線。 指線101被列印或沉積之後，基材100可被旋轉9〇度(9〇。）， 並維持掃描方向，藉由一用於沉積匯流排桿102之第二組列 201040029 印頭作掃描。一包含一匯流排列印頭之喷嘴陣列通常被配 置成沿著掃描軸線呈一小角度。譬如，用於實行本發明的 實施例之一線性掃描、非接觸材料沉積系統係可沉積第1圖 所示的圖案。另一實施例中，並未包括基材100的旋轉。在 該例中，匯流排頭及其噴嘴陣列係被定位於一交又掃描定 向中。 另一實施例中，並不旋轉一基材，基材可當沉積指線 時在一第一方向被平移、而當沉積匯流排桿時則在一第 二、正交方向被平移。 第1圖所示的圖案100係為基於清楚簡單起見將於此處 參照之一不範性圖案。然而，將瞭解本發明的實施例可適 用於不同的其他圖案'特別是具有交會線的任何圖案，或 者可適用其他形狀。 現在參照第2圖，其顯示根據本發明的實施例之一示範 性列印系統200。譬如，系統2〇〇可為一用於製作光伏(pv) 太陽能電池的前接觸件金屬化之喷墨列印系統。如圖所 示，系統200可包含一處理單元26〇，一控制單元27〇，列印 頭210及250，一基材安裝及平移單元220 , 一旋轉單元 及一影像獲取單元240。如圖所示，系統2〇〇可沉積圖案 222、224及251於一基材221上。控制單元27〇可操作性連接 至列印頭別及25〇 ’處理單元細，影像獲取系統24〇，旋 轉單元223 ’及/或系統200的任何其他組件。 控制單it·可操作性連接至—料_ (未目示）或其他 平移單元，其（譬如藉由平移單元22騎基材221從列印頭 7 201040029 210經過影像獲取單元240平移至列印頭250。為此，有關於 基材221上的一列印之任何相干資料、資訊或參數皆可供控 制單元270取用。譬如，基材221的一速度、區位、位置或 定向可被控制單元270知悉。 控制單元270可控制列印頭210及250中之喷嘴的操 作。譬如’控制單元270可控制其中使一特定列印頭中的一 特定喷嘴將材料沉積於基材221上之期間的週期。為此’控 制單元270可使得任何包括一測試圖案的圖案被選定喷嘴 或單元列印於基材221上。可藉由控制單元270對於列印單 元、列印頭或特定噴嘴作任何選擇。譬如，可選擇一第一 組的單元或喷嘴以列印一圖案的一第一部份，可選擇及/或 使得一第二及第三組列印一圖案的一第二及第三部份，且 可選擇及使得一第四組（其可能是將被檢測的組）列印一測 試圖案。 譬如，部分案例中，可檢測怠惰噴嘴。怠惰、冗餘或 備用噴嘴（或其他列印或配送組件）可能係為並未主動或現 今參與列印之一列印單元中的任何喷嘴。此等怠惰、備用 或冗餘喷嘴可被保留成備用’並可根據本發明的實施例被 製成或設計成主動飛速式或即時式，同時一列印工作仍處 理中。同理，一諸如列印頭等列印單元可能係為怠惰、冗 餘或備用，類似地，以此處所述的一檢測為基礎，一怠惰 的列印頭可製成或設计成主動氣速或即時式，同時一列印 工作仍處理中。部分實施例中’只可選擇怠惰喷嘴以列印 一測試圖案。其他案例中，譬如當檢測諸如一基材的一定 201040029 向、位置或速度等層面時’可選擇主動噴嘴以列印測試圖 案。控制單元270可使服務作用被進行。譬如，控制單元27〇 可指示進行諸如引動一噴注、設定諸如溫度、壓力位準等 參數、或設定一喷注的粒子尺寸等作用。其他案例中，一 作用可包含將主動喷嘴設計成非主動及/或將怠惰噴嘴、列 印頭或列印單元設計成或製成主動。為此，本發明的實施 例可能能夠藉由備用、冗餘或怠惰喷嘴來飛速或即時地更 換故障噴嘴。 如圖所示，一包含指線222及測試圖案224之圖案可沉 積在一基材221上。沉積在基材221上之圖案係可進一步包 含可由列印頭250列印之匯流排桿251。系統2〇〇可為一利用 一線性掃描技術之喷墨系統。此類型的掃描中，基材係以 一線性動作在列印頭底下被掃描同時從噴墨噴嘴排放黑 水。列印頭(210及250)可在掃描期間保持靜態，但可設有用 於對準或定位之平移部件。平移單元220可為一移動台（攀 如連接至一傳送器）以在一稱為掃描軸線或如28〇所示文軸 的方向運送基材221。平移單元220可設有一感測器，例如 一光學編碼器’其可以高精密程度追蹤平移單元22〇的動作 並可將回饋提供至控制單元270。基材的定向可藉由旋轉單 元223的控制及回饋而受到類似的追蹤或判定。列印頭 及250可各包括可沿著這些列印頭所配置之複數個噴墨噴 嘴。如圖所示，列印頭21〇可沿著掃描方向被配置或對準， 因此細指線222各者可由一或多個喷嘴所列印。為了產生斡 寬的匯流排線251，列印頭250可相對於掃描軸線被定位呈 9 201040029 一預定角，因為數個噴嘴可沉積一具有—對應預定寬度的 匯流排桿。 根據本發明的一實施例，可藉由合併一第一與一第二 圖案來產生一最終圖案。譬如’ 一第一圖案可包含細指線， 而一第二圖案可包含可與指線呈正交之較寬的匯流排線或 桿。譬如，可藉此產生第丨圖所示的圖案。本發明的部分實 施例中，一測試圖案可以第一圖案被列印於其中使第一及 第二圖案相父之區域或區。譬如，指線222及測試圖案224 可被列印使得測試圖案224列印於其中將後續列印有匯流 排桿251之區位。為此，測試圖案224可變成不可見或者可 被匯流排桿251覆蓋或隱藏。此處所述的方法及系統之—優 點係有關將測試圖案列印於保留區域上，譬如將被後續列 印上去之區域。譬如，利用測試圖案列印在對於匯流排桿 所保留的區域上之方式，將不會藉由非透明測試圖案線覆 蓋住一太陽能電池的表面而增加陰影損失。又另一優點係 在於：許多喷嘴可同時被測試且可能被服務而不阻礙一現 行或行進中的列印製程。譬如，可與一列印工作的進程同 時地進行列印測試圖案、分析此等圖案且可能包括矯正故 障。又另一優點係有關在執行一實際列印工作期間、之時 或同時來檢測列印單元。 根據本發明的實施例’控制單元27〇可控制列印頭21〇 以列印測試圖案224。譬如，藉由被連接至平移單元22〇(譬 如連接至一傳送器系統），控制單元270可判定：列印頭210 一者中的一特定喷嘴係被定位成可使其配送材料於一其中 10 201040029 將沉積有匯流排桿251的區位。為此，控制單元270可使得 此特定喷嘴配送一測試圖案於此區位中。譬如，控制單元 270可控制一喷嘴以在一第一區中或一第一時間週期期間 沉積一連續線(或指），且在一第二區中、或一第二時間週期 期間沉積一系列的點或其他測試圖案。控制單元可使得列 印頭210任一者中的任何噴嘴列印一測試圖案。一實施例 中’可使一主動喷嘴、譬如一參與列印指線222之噴嘴額外 地列印部分的測試圖案224。另一實施例中，可使怠惰、備 用或冗餘喷嘴、譬如未參與列印指22之喷嘴列印部分的測 試圖案224。同理，可使主動及非主動喷嘴的一組合列印測 試圖案。 額外參照第3圖，其顯示一示範性圖案300。如圖所示， 圖案300可包含被沉積在一基材（譬如一光伏太陽能電池)上 之指線。如圖所示，圖案300可包含指線310及311以及測試 圖案350、360、370及380。為了產生圖案300，控制單元270 可使列印頭210十的喷嘴在一掃描的一第一週期期間沉積 指線310及311。當判定一其中將列印有匯流排桿（譬如第1 圖的102)之區係位居將被檢測的喷嘴底下時，控制單元27〇 可使此等噴嘴沉積測試圖案35〇、360、370及380。為此， 可在一第一掃描中產生一諸如300等圖案。 根據本發明的實施例，可如此處所描述使一列印單元 甲的任何喷$列印—測試圖案。譬如，列印頭⑽可配合有 數百個喷嘴，其中只有部分喷嘴(此處亦稱為絲喷嘴)可主 動參與-列扣作…列_可包含大量可供制的冗餘 11 201040029 噴t可使譬如位2H)上之主動及冗餘喷嘴皆列印 -測試圖案。為此，线及冗料非絲噴嘴可如此處所 描述在線上被檢測及服務。 再度參照第2圖且如圖所示，基細可被旋轉9〇度 (9(T)。譬如，旋轉單元223可如圖所示旋轉基材221。接下 來’基材221可被平移至-接近影像獲取單元糊之區域， 其中可獲取測試圖案224的-影像。譬如，可藉由—被放置 於-用以在-如28G所示的掃描方向平移基材221之傳送器 (未圖示）上方或旁邊的攝影機來獲取測試圖案的一影像。一 實施例中，在獲取-影像之前_基材係可能根據被提供 至影像獲取單元240之-最佳視點或視場。譬如，如圖所示 般旋轉基材221可能能夠使影像獲取單元24〇沿著一測試圖 案獲取大量影像。由於在此定向中測試圖案沿著一靜態點 被平移而非橫越，如圖所示般旋轉基材可能提供更多時間 以供獲取影像。旋轉的一額外優點係在於：若如251所示將 有兩匯流排桿被列印，則覆蓋住匯流排桿251寬度的兩部攝 衫機可此足以獲取測試圖案224的一影像。若無此旋轉，將 需要可能大量的攝影機’譬如藉以覆蓋基材221的整體寬 度。 從影像獲取單元240，基材221可被平移於可用來沉積 匯流排桿251之列印頭250底下。匯流排桿251的沉積可位於 測試圖案224上方，因此測試圖案224可被匯流排桿251所覆 蓋。為此，測試圖案224並未使用基材221上的任何額外空 間’亦即’可能阻絕日光抵達光電電池之材料係並未在已 12 201040029 專門用來沉㈣料的“外之區處沉積於基材221上。部分 實施例中’可自基材上^：到列£卩之時達成藉由處理單元26〇 處理及/或分析所獲取的影像之作用。譬如，可在列印頭25〇 沉積匯流排桿251之時進行此分析。 額外參照第4圖，其描緣根據本發明實施例用於顯示一 檢測及服務列印單元的H之示範性流程圖。如方塊41〇所 示，該方法可包括列印-圖案的一第一部份於一基材上。 譬如，列印在基材221上的指線222係為一最終圖案的一第 一部份，其中最終圖案包含有指線222及匯流排桿251。具 有交會段之任何適當的圖案係可被分成一第一及第二部 份，且因此可使一第一部份被列印，如方塊41〇所示 。如方 塊415所示，該方法可包括列印一測試圖案於基材上。譬 如，測試圖案224可被列印於其中將後續列印有匯流排桿 251之區中。譬如，對於匯流排桿251所保留之一區域係可 具有0.2mm的一寬度，而一典型墨水滴則可覆蓋一具有 50μιη直徑的球形區域。為此，可在一橫越一匯流排桿的寬 度之測試區域中藉由選定喷嘴沉積五到七個平均分佈的 〇 如方塊425所示’該方法可包括旋轉基材。例如且如此 處所討論’―基材可被旋轉90度(90。)使得位居其中將列印 有匯流排桿的區上方之少量（譬如兩個）成像裝置可獲取測 試圖案的影像。雖然此處顯示且討論一90度(90。）的示範性 旋轉’可進行或實行一基材的任何旋轉、定向或定位，以 最良好地適應一用來獲取如方塊415所示般列印之測試圖 13 201040029 案的影像之成像系統的-位置、視點、能力或其他相干層 面。 頜外參照第5圖’其顯不根據本發明的實施例之一示範 性列印系統500。系統500可包含類似於此處對於第2圖所示 的系統200所描述者之組件並可身為—用於製造光伏㈣ 太陽能電池之喷墨或氣咖印㈣。雖未圖示，系統獅可 包含類似於系統200者之—處理單元，—控制單元及一基材 安裝單元。系統500可包含_第一組的列印頭⑽…第二 組的列印頭550及-或多個影像獲取單元54〇。系統獅可包 含相對於彼此被定位為直角或90度(9〇。)之兩平移單元。為 此，一基材可在—第-時間週期期間被平移於—第-方 向，且在一第二時間週期期間被平移於-第二、錄如正交 方向，其中兩時間週期係有關於相同的列印工作或製程。 為此，對於如此處所述旋轉一 一 基材S，以添加或取代方 式’可使基材在1印製程期間移行於兩或更多方向。 r ;二=於列印測試圖案之掃描軸線中最良好地獲 影像之案例中，可使用-放置於一用以在 ^，一窜_的第―傳送器上方之攝影機。其他案例 可在一第射被放置在—第二傳送器上方並 在弟一方向於—掃描期間獲得一 如521所示(且類似於第:像： 份及測試圖案可由列印頭 取：二-4 於圖案及平移^ w 誕取^可相對 的-影像，列印頭5 〇 取由521顯示之測試圖案 碩柳可列印-圖案的-第二部份，其可部 201040029 份或完全地覆蓋測試圖案。為此，可產生如560所示的一最 終圖案。The fog can be repeated in different drawings to represent corresponding or similar components as needed. [Detailed Description of the Invention] The detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is in the However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific details may be included in the implementation of the present invention, and the well-known methods, procedures, 'modules, modules, and units, and/or circuits are not described in detail. this invention. Embodiments of the present invention relate to a printing system having a detection system in which the inspection system can operate simultaneously with the -printing process. Embodiments of the present invention are further directed to a system and method for on-line or on-the-fly detection of a printing unit. According to an embodiment, an injection nozzle or other dispensing unit participating in an ongoing, in-flight printing job can be detected online, at a speed, or otherwise, simultaneously with a printing job in a process. It will be appreciated that any suitable dispensing unit such as an inkjet, air injection, or any other dispensing system can be detected and serviced as described herein. Similarly, embodiments of the invention are not limited to the type of material being dispensed, printed or deposited. 5 201040029 Although the discussion herein is primarily directed to a printhead comprising a plurality of jets or other types of nozzles, it will be appreciated that any suitable (four) configuration or assembly can be used to position a plurality of print units relative to the substrate and/or Material deposition device. Although the discussion herein will primarily refer to a deposition of a metallization line on a hybrid solar cell, it will be appreciated that a printing unit for depositing any suitable pattern and/or any suitable material on any suitable substrate can be performed as described herein. Online or fast detection. According to an embodiment of the invention, one or more test patterns may be retained in a first scan (I domain wipes are printed on the base (four) surface. - In a particular case 'printed with - the remaining area of the test pattern may be It is the area where the material is deposited in the subsequent or second scan. For example, a digital camera or any suitable system can be used to obtain the image of the test pattern. The acquired image can be analyzed and analyzed. a print head or a misaligned print head. The partial print of the present invention can perform a test pattern and deposition of the first and second portions of the pattern during a continuous translation of the substrate in the single-scan direction, Image Acquisition and Analysis Referring now to Figure 1, an exemplary metallization pattern can be deposited on a substrate. For example, the substrate can be a solar cell. As shown, the pattern can include a plurality of finger lines 1〇1 and a plurality of bus bar bars 1〇2. Generally, one or more nozzles in the first group of printing heads can be firstly positioned, for example, by being positioned or arranged transversely to a scan axis. To deposit the finger line 1〇1. A nozzle array comprising a one-finger print head is typically configured along the scan axis. After the finger line 101 is printed or deposited, the substrate 100 can be rotated 9 degrees (9 inches) and maintain the scan direction. The print head is scanned by a second set of 201040029 printheads for depositing bus bar 102. A nozzle array comprising a bus arrangement printhead is typically configured to be at a small angle along the scan axis. For example, for practicing this A linear scanning, non-contact material deposition system of one embodiment of the invention can deposit the pattern shown in Figure 1. In another embodiment, the rotation of the substrate 100 is not included. In this example, the bus head and its nozzle The array is positioned in an alternating scan orientation. In another embodiment, the substrate is not rotated, the substrate can be translated in a first direction when the finger line is deposited, and when the bus bar is deposited A second, orthogonal direction is translated. The pattern 100 shown in Figure 1 is referred to herein as an unconventional pattern based on clarity and simplicity. However, it will be appreciated that embodiments of the invention may be adapted to different Other patterns' especially have Any pattern of lines, or other shapes may be applied. Referring now to Figure 2, there is shown an exemplary printing system 200 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. For example, system 2 can be used to fabricate photovoltaics (pv The front contact metallized inkjet printing system of the solar cell. As shown, the system 200 can include a processing unit 26, a control unit 27, a print head 210 and 250, a substrate mounting and translation The unit 220, a rotating unit and an image capturing unit 240. As shown, the system 2 can deposit patterns 222, 224 and 251 on a substrate 221. The control unit 27 is operatively connected to the printing head And 25"' processing unit fine, image acquisition system 24", rotating unit 223' and/or any other component of system 200. Control unit it operably connected to material _ (not shown) or other translation unit, It (for example, by the translation unit 22 riding the substrate 221 from the print head 7 201040029 210 through the image acquisition unit 240 to the print head 250. To this end, any coherent data, information or parameters relating to a print on the substrate 221 can be accessed by the control unit 270. For example, a speed, location, position or orientation of the substrate 221 can be known by the control unit 270. Control unit 270 can control the operation of the nozzles in print heads 210 and 250. For example, control unit 270 can control the period during which a particular one of a particular printhead deposits material onto substrate 221. To this end, control unit 270 can cause any pattern including a test pattern to be printed on substrate 221 by selected nozzles or units. Any selection can be made by the control unit 270 for the printing unit, the print head or the particular nozzle. For example, a first group of cells or nozzles may be selected to print a first portion of a pattern, and a second and third group may be selected to print a second and third portion of a pattern. And selecting and causing a fourth group (which may be the group to be detected) to print a test pattern. For example, in some cases, the sloth nozzle can be detected. Sloth, redundant or spare nozzles (or other printing or dispensing components) may be any nozzle that is not actively or currently involved in printing one of the printing units. Such lazy, alternate or redundant nozzles may be retained as spare' and may be made or designed to be active or instant in accordance with embodiments of the present invention while a print job is still being processed. Similarly, a print unit such as a print head may be lazy, redundant, or spare. Similarly, a lazy print head can be made or designed to be active based on a test described herein. Gas speed or instant, while a print job is still being processed. In some embodiments, only the slotting nozzle can be selected to print a test pattern. In other cases, such as when testing a certain level such as 201040029 orientation, position or speed of a substrate, the active nozzle can be selected to print the test pattern. Control unit 270 can cause the service to be performed. For example, the control unit 27A may instruct to perform functions such as priming a jet, setting parameters such as temperature, pressure level, or setting a particle size of a jet. In other cases, an effect may include designing the active nozzle to be inactive and/or designing or making the slotted nozzle, printhead or printing unit active. To this end, embodiments of the present invention may be able to quickly or instantaneously replace a faulty nozzle by a spare, redundant or slotless nozzle. As shown, a pattern comprising finger lines 222 and test patterns 224 can be deposited on a substrate 221 . The pattern deposited on the substrate 221 may further include a bus bar 251 that may be printed by the print head 250. System 2 can be an ink jet system utilizing a linear scanning technique. In this type of scanning, the substrate is scanned under a print head in a linear motion while discharging black water from the ink jet nozzle. The print heads (210 and 250) can remain static during the scan, but can be provided with translational components for alignment or positioning. The translating unit 220 can be a mobile station (such as connected to a conveyor) to transport the substrate 221 in a direction called a scan axis or a text axis as shown at 28 。. The translating unit 220 can be provided with a sensor, such as an optical encoder, which can track the motion of the translating unit 22〇 with high precision and can provide feedback to the control unit 270. The orientation of the substrate can be similarly tracked or determined by the control and feedback of the rotating unit 223. The print heads and 250 can each include a plurality of ink jet nozzles that can be disposed along the print heads. As shown, the print heads 21A can be configured or aligned along the scan direction, such that each of the thin finger lines 222 can be printed by one or more nozzles. To create a wide bus bar 251, the print head 250 can be positioned at a predetermined angle of 9 201040029 with respect to the scan axis because a plurality of nozzles can deposit a bus bar having a corresponding predetermined width. According to an embodiment of the invention, a final pattern can be created by combining a first and a second pattern. For example, a first pattern may comprise a thin finger line, and a second pattern may comprise a wider bus bar or rod that may be orthogonal to the finger line. For example, the pattern shown in the figure can be generated. In some embodiments of the present invention, a test pattern may be printed in a first pattern in a region or region in which the first and second patterns are parented. For example, the finger line 222 and the test pattern 224 can be printed such that the test pattern 224 is printed in a location in which the bus bar 251 is subsequently printed. To this end, the test pattern 224 may become invisible or may be covered or hidden by the bus bar 251. The method and system described herein are advantageous in that the test pattern is printed on a reserved area, such as an area to be subsequently printed. For example, by using a test pattern to be printed on the area reserved for the bus bar, the shadow loss will not be increased by covering the surface of a solar cell with a non-transparent test pattern line. Yet another advantage is that many nozzles can be tested simultaneously and may be serviced without obstructing a current or ongoing printing process. For example, printing test patterns, analyzing such patterns, and possibly correcting faults can be performed simultaneously with the progress of a print job. Yet another advantage relates to detecting a printing unit during, or at the same time as, an actual printing job. The control unit 27 can control the print head 21A to print the test pattern 224 according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, by being coupled to the translating unit 22 (eg, to a conveyor system), the control unit 270 can determine that a particular one of the printheads 210 is positioned to have its dispensing material in one of 10 201040029 The location where the bus bar 251 is to be deposited. To this end, control unit 270 can cause this particular nozzle to dispense a test pattern in this location. For example, control unit 270 can control a nozzle to deposit a continuous line (or finger) in a first zone or during a first time period, and deposit a series during a second zone, or a second time period Point or other test pattern. The control unit can cause any of the nozzles in the print head 210 to print a test pattern. In one embodiment, an active nozzle, such as a nozzle participating in the print finger line 222, can additionally print portions of the test pattern 224. In another embodiment, a lazy, spare or redundant nozzle, such as a test pattern 224 that does not participate in the nozzle print portion of the print finger 22, may be employed. Similarly, a combination of active and non-active nozzles can be printed to test the pattern. Referring additionally to Figure 3, an exemplary pattern 300 is shown. As shown, pattern 300 can include finger lines deposited on a substrate, such as a photovoltaic solar cell. As shown, pattern 300 can include finger lines 310 and 311 and test patterns 350, 360, 370, and 380. To create the pattern 300, the control unit 270 causes the nozzles of the print head 210 to deposit finger lines 310 and 311 during a first period of scanning. When it is determined that a zone in which the bus bar (e.g., 102 of FIG. 1) is printed is positioned under the nozzle to be detected, the control unit 27 can cause the nozzles to deposit test patterns 35〇, 360, 370. And 380. To this end, a pattern such as 300 can be produced in a first scan. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, any spray-print-test pattern of a print unit can be made as described herein. For example, the print head (10) can be fitted with hundreds of nozzles, of which only a part of the nozzles (also referred to herein as wire nozzles) can actively participate - the column buckles ... column _ can contain a large number of available redundancy 11 201040029 spray t Both the active and redundant nozzles on the position 2H) can be printed-tested. To this end, wire and redundant non-wire nozzles can be inspected and serviced online as described herein. Referring again to Figure 2 and as shown, the base can be rotated by 9 degrees (9 (T). For example, the rotating unit 223 can rotate the substrate 221 as shown. Next, the substrate 221 can be translated to - an area close to the image acquisition unit paste, wherein an image of the test pattern 224 can be acquired. For example, a conveyor that can be placed on the substrate 221 in a scanning direction as indicated by 28G (not shown) The camera above or next to the image captures an image of the test pattern. In one embodiment, the substrate may be provided to the best viewpoint or field of view of the image acquisition unit 240 prior to acquiring the image. For example, Rotating the substrate 221 as shown may enable the image acquisition unit 24 to acquire a large number of images along a test pattern. Since the test pattern is translated along a static point rather than traversing in this orientation, it is rotated as shown. The substrate may provide more time for image acquisition. An additional advantage of rotation is that if two bus bars are printed as shown at 251, the two cameras covering the width of the bus bar 251 can be used. This is enough to get a shadow of the test pattern 224 Without this rotation, it would be desirable to have a large number of cameras 'such as to cover the overall width of the substrate 221. From the image acquisition unit 240, the substrate 221 can be translated underneath the print head 250 that can be used to deposit the bus bars 251. The deposition of the bus bar 251 can be located above the test pattern 224, so the test pattern 224 can be covered by the bus bar 251. To this end, the test pattern 224 does not use any additional space on the substrate 221 'ie' may block sunlight The material that arrives at the photovoltaic cell is not deposited on the substrate 221 at the "outer zone" of 12 201040029. In some embodiments, it can be achieved from the substrate ^: to the column The effect of the acquired image is processed and/or analyzed by the processing unit 26. For example, this analysis can be performed while the print head 25 is being deposited by the print head 25 。. Referring additionally to Figure 4, the description is based on the present invention. An exemplary flow chart for displaying a detection and service print unit H. As shown in block 41, the method can include printing a first portion of the pattern onto a substrate. Printed on the substrate The finger line 222 on the 221 is a first portion of a final pattern, wherein the final pattern includes the finger line 222 and the bus bar 251. Any suitable pattern having an intersection can be divided into a first and a second Portion, and thus a first portion, can be printed as shown in block 41. As shown in block 415, the method can include printing a test pattern on the substrate. For example, the test pattern 224 can be The printing is in a region in which the bus bar 251 is subsequently printed. For example, one region reserved for the bus bar 251 may have a width of 0.2 mm, and a typical ink droplet may cover a diameter of 50 μm. For this purpose, five to seven evenly distributed, such as shown by block 425, may be deposited by a selected nozzle in a test area across the width of a bus bar. The method may include rotating the substrate. For example and as discussed herein, the substrate can be rotated 90 degrees (90°) such that a small number (e.g., two) of imaging devices positioned above the area where the bus bar will be printed can capture an image of the test pattern. Although a 90 degree (90.) exemplary rotation is shown and discussed herein, any rotation, orientation, or positioning of a substrate can be performed or performed to best fit a print as shown in block 415. Test Figure 13 - Position, viewpoint, capability or other coherent level of the imaging system of the image of 201040029. The external reference is made to Fig. 5 which shows an exemplary printing system 500 in accordance with one of the embodiments of the present invention. System 500 can include components similar to those described herein for system 200 shown in FIG. 2 and can be an inkjet or gas-printing (four) for fabricating photovoltaic (four) solar cells. Although not shown, the system lion can include a processing unit similar to system 200, a control unit, and a substrate mounting unit. System 500 can include a first set of print heads (10)... a second set of print heads 550 and/or a plurality of image capture units 54A. The system lion can include two translation units that are positioned at right angles or 90 degrees (9 inches) relative to each other. To this end, a substrate can be translated in the -first direction during the -first time period and translated to -second in a second time period, recorded in an orthogonal direction, wherein the two time periods are related The same print job or process. To this end, for rotating the substrate S as described herein, the addition or replacement of the substrate allows the substrate to travel in two or more directions during the 1 printing process. r; two = in the case of the best image in the scan axis of the print test pattern, can be used - placed in a camera above the first conveyor of ^, one _. Other cases may be placed in a first shot above the second transmitter and in the direction of the scan - as shown in 521 (and similar to the first: like: copy and test pattern can be taken by the print head: two - 4 in the pattern and translation ^ w birthday ^ can be relative - image, print head 5 draw the test pattern displayed by 521 can be printed - pattern - the second part, which can be part 201040029 or completely The test pattern is covered. To this end, a final pattern as shown at 560 can be produced.
如方塊430所示，該方法可包括獲取測試圖案的一影 像。可使用該技藝習知之任何適當的成像系統及相關光學 系統來獲取測試圖案的影像，如此處所述。一特定配置中， 攝影機數量可等於匯流排桿數量。可當基材被掃描、亦即 被平移或處於動作中之時進行如此處所述之獲取影像。其 他實施例中，基材可當獲取一影像之時在成像系統底下保 持靜態。為此，可譬如藉由控制單元270調整及或控制諸如 曝露時間、光量及類似物等參數，以確保一最適影像。 如方塊435所示，該方法可包括分析測試圖案的一影 像。譬如，可藉由影像獲取單元24〇提供一所獲取影像至處 理單元260。可以一測試圖案的—影像為基礎來分析不同態 樣且可識财同_。鈔ϋ喷嘴制印之一組點 的方向之-Μ偏差可能錢表噴嘴陣_對於掃描方向 的一偏差，其可能由於相_印頭的-失準所導致。另一 態樣可能有關一特定噴嘴，嬖如， ° —特定區位中缺之一點 可能係代表—堵塞的喷嘴。可能藉由偏離了屬於相同列印 頭中其㈣嘴_線之-點，識別出―朝㈣射出墨水的 :嘴。同理’-點、短線或其他圖案的形狀可能代表相干 喷嘴疋否正女當地射出墨水。其他案例中，以—組測試圖 案為基礎’可判定不同列印頭或1印射不同喷嘴之間 的發射同步化。藉由自兩或更多個舉Ρ頭所選擇的喷嘴列 印之測試_相對距離或定向，能夠判定—組列印頭是否 15 201040029 被妥當地對準或定位。 如方塊440所示，該方法可包括列印一圖案的一第二部 份於一基材上。譬如’如第2圖所示般列印之匯流排桿251 係可構成圖案1〇〇的一第二部份。如此處所述’一圖案的一 第二部份係可列印在供測試圖案先前列印之相同區位處。 如方塊445所示，該方法可包括以測試圖案的分析為基 礎進行一作用。譬如，以一經偵測故障為基礎，可修改諸 如喷嘴頭溫度等參數、與施加至喷墨元件的一脈衝相關之 參數’譬如脈衝升高、形狀、或時程時間。服務或維修作 用的其他範例係可使頭運行經過清除及/或擦拭程序、引動 組件等。其他作用可能係為調整噴墨元件的驅動參數，諸 如現行脈衝的振幅。以氣劑喷注為基礎的列印機之案例 中，可以一測試圖案的分析為基礎所控制或改變之驅動參 數係可包括霧化器室中的壓力、溫度、粒子尺寸、或氣流 的不同方案。 可被修改或控制的任何適用參數'組態或其他層面係 皆可以一作用的部份受到設定或調整，如方塊440所示。進 一步作用可能係為一級別的噴嘴，譬如一主動但故障的喷 嘴可被分級為非主動，而一非主動、冗餘或備用噴嘴可被 設定為主動。可進行不同對準，譬如以分析結果為基礎之 歹J印頭的重新定位等。與一基材的一旋轉相關之參數亦 可同理作調整。譬如，測試圖案的一分析可能顯現出一基 材的旋轉並未達到理想角度，為此，可調整與一諸如旋轉 單元223等單元相關的參數。一資料庫或其他儲存件可以該 16 201040029 分析為基礎作更新。譬如，1於指示—給定列印頭的故 障㈣t登錄可作更新，因此可以此登錄為基礎判定列 印頭疋否需要服務或更換。 雖然本發明的實施例不限於此，此處的“複數 可:=括“多個，，或“兩或更多個，，。“複數個，，可在說_^ 或類似物。 裝置、元件、單元、參數As represented by block 430, the method can include acquiring an image of the test pattern. Any suitable imaging system and associated optical system known in the art can be used to acquire an image of the test pattern, as described herein. In a particular configuration, the number of cameras can be equal to the number of bus bars. Image acquisition can be performed as described herein when the substrate is scanned, i.e., translated or in motion. In other embodiments, the substrate can be held static under the imaging system when an image is acquired. To this end, parameters such as exposure time, amount of light, and the like can be adjusted and/or controlled, for example, by the control unit 270 to ensure an optimum image. As indicated by block 435, the method can include analyzing an image of the test pattern. For example, an image acquired by the image acquisition unit 24 can be provided to the processing unit 260. It is possible to analyze different patterns based on the image-image of the test pattern and to know the same. The deviation of the direction of a group of dots from the banknote nozzle may be caused by a misalignment of the phase of the nozzle with a misalignment of the phase of the nozzle. Another aspect may relate to a particular nozzle, for example, °—a missing point in a particular location may represent a blocked nozzle. It is possible to identify the "mouth" that emits ink toward (four) by deviating from the point of the (four) mouth _ line belonging to the same print head. Similarly, the shape of a dot, short line, or other pattern may represent a coherent nozzle. In other cases, based on the -group test pattern, it is possible to determine the synchronization of the emission between different print heads or 1 different nozzles. By testing the relative distance or orientation of the nozzles selected from two or more lifting heads, it can be determined whether the set of print heads 15 201040029 is properly aligned or positioned. As indicated by block 440, the method can include printing a second portion of a pattern on a substrate. For example, the bus bar 251 printed as shown in Fig. 2 can constitute a second portion of the pattern 1〇〇. A second portion of a pattern as described herein can be printed at the same location where the test pattern was previously printed. As indicated by block 445, the method can include performing an effect based on the analysis of the test pattern. For example, based on a detected fault, parameters such as nozzle tip temperature, parameters associated with a pulse applied to the ink jet element, such as pulse rise, shape, or time history, can be modified. Other examples of service or repair operations may allow the head to run through cleaning and/or wiping procedures, priming components, and the like. Other effects may be to adjust the drive parameters of the ink jet element, such as the amplitude of the current pulse. In the case of a printer based on air jet injection, the drive parameters that can be controlled or changed based on the analysis of a test pattern can include pressure, temperature, particle size, or airflow in the nebulizer chamber. Program. Any applicable parameter 'configuration or other level that can be modified or controlled can be set or adjusted as shown in block 440. Further action may be a level of nozzle, such as an active but faulty nozzle that can be graded as inactive, while an inactive, redundant or alternate nozzle can be set to be active. Different alignments can be performed, such as repositioning of the 印J head based on the analysis results. The parameters associated with a rotation of a substrate can also be adjusted in the same manner. For example, an analysis of the test pattern may reveal that the rotation of a substrate does not reach a desired angle, and for this reason, parameters associated with a unit such as the rotating unit 223 may be adjusted. A database or other storage can be updated based on the analysis of the 16 201040029. For example, 1 indicates that the fault of a given print head (4) t login can be updated, so it can be determined based on this login whether the print head needs service or replacement. Although the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, the "complex number: = "multiple," or "two or more," "multiple," may be said to be _^ or the like. Device, component, unit, parameter
除非明述，此處描述的方法實施例不拘限於-特定-欠 序或順序。此外，所描述的方法實施例或其元件有此可在 :同，點或重疊時間點發生或進行。如該技藝所習知， =:壬務、次任務或程式等-可執行碼分段的執行 係了稱為该函數、程式或其他組件的執行。 …，雖然本發明的實施例不限於此，使用諸如“處理”、“運 二=’、“判定，，、“建立'“分析'“檢查⑽ 可能係指一電腦、—運算平台、-運算系統、 =王^裝置的操作及/或製程，其將電腦登錄檔内 =:::電子)量所代表之資料操縱及/或轉換成以電腦 程的二5讀體或其他可料指令以進行操作及/或製 、貝簡存媒體内的物理量所類似代表之其他資料。 兮枯ΐί此處已顯示及描述本發明的特定特徵構造，熟習 :解申 斗多修改、替代、變化及均等物。因此請 右此圍預定涵蓋落在本發明的真實精神内之所 有此等修改及變化。 【阁式簡單說明】 17 201040029 第1圖係顯示根據本發明的實施例之一包含狹窄指線 及較寬匯流排桿之示範性圖案； 第2圖顯示根據本發明的實施例之一示範性列印系統； 第3圖顯示根據本發明的實施例包含測試圖案之示範 性圖案； 第4圖為顯示根據本發明的實施例之一用於檢測及服 務列印單元之方法的流程圖；及 第5圖顯示根據本發明的實施例之一示範性列印系統。 【主要元件符號說明】 100…基材，圖案 101,310,311 …指線 102···匯流排桿 200,500…列印系統 210,250".列印頭 220…基材安裝及平移單元 221…基材 222···指線，圖案 223…旋轉單元 224,350,360,370,380…測試圖案 240,540…影像獲取單元 251···匯流排桿，圖案 260…處理單元 270…控制單元 280…掃描方向，掃描軸線 300…圖案 410,415,425,430,435,440,445 · · · 方塊 510···第一組的列印頭 521···測試圖案的影像 550.··第二組的列印頭 560···最終圖案 18Unless otherwise stated, the method embodiments described herein are not limited to the specific-de-order or order. Furthermore, the described method embodiments or elements thereof may occur or occur at the same, point or overlapping point in time. As is known in the art, =: services, subtasks or programs, etc. - the execution of executable code segments is referred to as the execution of such functions, programs, or other components. ... although the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, such as "processing", "operation two =", "decision,", "establishment", "analysis", "inspection (10) may refer to a computer, - computing platform, - operation The system, the operation of the device, and/or the process, which manipulates and/or converts the data represented by the amount of the computer: =:::electronics into a computer program of two or five readings or other available instructions. Other materials that are similarly represented by the physical quantities in the operation and/or system and the storage media. The specific features of the present invention have been shown and described herein, and are familiar with: modifying, replacing, changing, and equalizing Therefore, all such modifications and variations that fall within the true spirit of the present invention are intended to be encompassed by the right-hand side. [Complete description of the cabinet] 17 201040029 Figure 1 shows a narrow finger line according to one embodiment of the present invention. And an exemplary pattern of a wider bus bar; FIG. 2 shows an exemplary printing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 3 shows an exemplary pattern including a test pattern in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; For display A flowchart of a method for detecting and servicing a printing unit according to one embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 5 shows an exemplary printing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Material, pattern 101, 310, 311 ... finger line 102 ··· bus bar 200,500...printing system 210,250".printing head 220...substrate mounting and translating unit 221...substrate 222···finger line, pattern 223...rotating unit 224,350,360,370,380...test pattern 240,540...image acquisition unit 251···bus bar, pattern 260...processing unit 270...control unit 280...scanning direction, scan axis 300...pattern 410,415,425,430,435,440,445 · · · Block 510···The first group of columns Print head 521 · · · Test pattern image 550. · The second set of print head 560 · · · final pattern 18