201031246 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種在其之關閉狀態下具有一給定彩色外 觀的OLED裝置及一種製造此一裝置之方法。 【先前技術】 美國專利第20080218369 A1號揭示一種具有佈置在一載 體上之若干發光二極體的裝置，藉由一狹縫栅格而使該載 體有撓性。為在一裝置之關閉狀態下給予該裝置一期望之 彩色外觀，可用一彩色織物來覆蓋該裝置。 【發明内容】 基於此情形，本發明之一目的係提供一種在其之關閉狀 態下具有一給定彩色外觀之替代發光裝置。較佳地，該裝 置應具有一改良的光學效率。 藉由如技術方案丨之一 OLED裝置及如技術方案2之一方 法而實現此目的。在附屬技術方案中揭示若干較佳的實施 例。 根據本發明之第一態樣，本發明係關於一種在其之關閉 狀態下具有一給定之期望彩色外觀的OLED裝置，其中可 在利用一給定光譜組份（例如標準白）之光照明該〇led裝 置時（例 >)藉由㈣0LED裝置所反射之光之色點而描繪 該「彩色外觀」。根據定義，該「關閉狀態」為裝置不能 有效地發光之狀態。該0LED裝置包括以下組件： a) 一有機電致發光層’其具有（直接或間接地）佈置在該 有機電致發光層之一側上的一第一電極層及在相對側上的 144578.doc 201031246 一第一'電極層。如 光層及電極之此一 系統。 在技術發展水準中為人熟知，一電致發 隹疊對應於—有機發光：極體（OLED) 應/主思術語「層」亦包括由一 呆 Α伤（例如一均質组份 或具有摻雜梯度的一非均、 々讯 負、切）之兩或多個子層組成的 一多層。電致發光層通常將為此一多層。 b)至少另一層，在以下將 「 辦八兩塗布層」且其具有 (自該OLED裝置之外側所測量）一 n i 土 ;汉射率，基於干涉效 應的該反射率取決於以使得丈番匍 尺侍具室製期望之彩色外觀的此一 方式的入射光之波長。 本發明進一步係關於一種用於製造此一 〇led裝置之方 法，該OLED裝置在其之關閉狀態下具有一給定之期望彩 色外觀’該方法包括以下步驟： a)提供一有機電致發光層，其在相對側上具有第一電極 層及第二電極層。 b)施加至少一塗布層，其具有基於干涉效應且重製期望 之彩色外觀的一波長相依反射率。 s玄描述之OLED裝置具有的優點為在其之關閉狀態下提 供一期望之彩色外觀，且幾乎不或甚至不對全光輸出效率 有任何損害。此是因為塗布層具有基於干涉效應而非基於 (例如）如在一濾色材料中的波長之一部分吸收的一波長相 依反射率。該干涉改變反射光之光譜組份且不吸收光能。 所以’塗布層不會減弱在該OLED裝置之開啟狀態下該 OLED裝置之光輸出（然而應注意該改變之光譜組份可導致 144578.doc 201031246 其他組件（例如電極、電致發光層、出耦合（outcoupling)層 等)可影響全光輸出之吸收行為的改變)。 下文中，將描述本發明之關於上述之-種〇LED裝置及 一種製造此-裝置之方法的不同實施例。 在第一較佳實施例中，該OLED裝置係至少部分透 明，即其允許透射自一給定方向（通常此給定方向係垂直 於諸層；沿其他方向，透明度可具有其他值）落在其上的 • 超過約3G/。、較佳為超過約、最佳為超過約“％的外 4光強度。為提供此透明度，組成該〇led裝置的該等層 (P有機電致發光層、電極層及塗布層)亦必須為透明。對 透月QLED裝置’在該塗布層巾之干涉效應可相對於 不同（相對）方向產生不同彩色外觀。如果反射率（例如）使 传反射之藍光多於紅光，則該超出的反射藍光將在透射光 中消失，產生在透射外觀中之一對應紅移。與此相比，彩 色吸收材料將呈現具有所有方向之相同彩色。 ❿ 根據前面提及之透明〇LED裝置之另-發展，該〇LED裝 置之透射率可具有—給定的波長相依性（包括對於所有波 長該透射率輕定之情況）。塗布層之干涉效應通常將導 透射之波長相依性，該透射為波長相依反射率之一鏡 4象。传用装一λ ,, / ，例如在該塗布層後的一吸收渡色器， 可視情況調整該0LED裝置之透射性質。（例如）可藉由- 淺藍遽色器來補償在透射光中由該塗布層所產生的—紅 移。 根據本發明之另一較佳實施例，該塗布層之厚度可經調 144578.doc 201031246 適以實現一期望之彩色外觀。如果該塗布層之反射率之波 長相依性係分別由在該塗布層之前表面及後表面處所反射 之光之干涉產生，則此為（例如）可行。藉由適當調適該塗 布層之厚度’可將該塗布層之所得干涉及彩色外觀基本上 調至在可能值之一給定範圍内的任何期望色點。 根據一相關實施例，可選擇該塗布層之厚度及/或該有 機電致發光層之組份以實現在該OLED裝置之開啟狀態下 之該OLED裝置之一期望發射特性。因此可實現在關閉狀201031246 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an OLED device having a given color appearance in its closed state and a method of manufacturing the same. [Prior Art] U.S. Patent No. 2,080,218, 369 A1 discloses a device having a plurality of light-emitting diodes disposed on a carrier, the carrier being flexible by a slit grid. To give the device a desired color appearance in the closed state of a device, a colored fabric can be used to cover the device. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Based on this situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide an alternative illumination device having a given color appearance in its closed state. Preferably, the device should have an improved optical efficiency. This object is achieved by an OLED device such as one of the technical solutions and one of the methods of the second aspect. Several preferred embodiments are disclosed in the accompanying technical solutions. According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention relates to an OLED device having a given desired color appearance in its closed state, wherein the light can be illuminated with light of a given spectral component (e.g., standard white) In the case of a 〇led device (example >), the "color appearance" is drawn by the color point of the light reflected by the (4) OLED device. By definition, this "off state" is a state in which the device cannot be effectively illuminated. The OLED device comprises the following components: a) an organic electroluminescent layer having a first electrode layer (directly or indirectly) disposed on one side of the organic electroluminescent layer and 144578 on the opposite side. Doc 201031246 A first 'electrode layer. Such a system as the light layer and the electrode. Known at the level of technological development, an electroluminescence overlap corresponds to - organic luminescence: the polar body (OLED) should be / subject to the term "layer" also includes a stab wound (such as a homogeneous component or with a blend A multi-layer consisting of two or more sub-layers of a heterogeneous, non-uniform, negative, and diffractive gradient. The electroluminescent layer will typically be a multilayer for this purpose. b) at least another layer, which will be "the eight coating layer" and which has (as measured from the outside of the OLED device) a ni earth; the Han incidence, the reflectivity based on the interference effect depends on The wavelength of the incident light in this manner of the desired color appearance of the waiter chamber. The invention further relates to a method for fabricating the LD device having a given desired color appearance in its closed state. The method comprises the steps of: a) providing an organic electroluminescent layer, It has a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer on opposite sides. b) applying at least one coating layer having a wavelength dependent reflectance based on the interference effect and reproducing the desired color appearance. The OLED device described by s Xu has the advantage of providing a desired color appearance in its closed state with little or no damage to the overall light output efficiency. This is because the coating layer has a wavelength dependent reflectance based on interference effects rather than based on, for example, partial absorption of one of the wavelengths in a color filter material. This interference changes the spectral component of the reflected light and does not absorb the light energy. Therefore, the coating layer does not attenuate the light output of the OLED device in the open state of the OLED device (however, it should be noted that the changed spectral component can cause 144578.doc 201031246 other components (eg, electrode, electroluminescent layer, out-coupling) (outcoupling) layers, etc.) can affect the change in the absorption behavior of the all-optical output). Hereinafter, different embodiments of the present invention relating to the above-described LED device and a method of manufacturing the same will be described. In a first preferred embodiment, the OLED device is at least partially transparent, i.e., it allows transmission from a given direction (typically this given direction is perpendicular to the layers; in other directions, the transparency may have other values) The • on it exceeds about 3G/. Preferably, it is more than about, preferably more than about "% external light intensity. To provide this transparency, the layers (P organic electroluminescent layer, electrode layer and coating layer) constituting the 〇led device must also Transparent. The interference effect on the coated QLED device can produce different color appearances with respect to different (relative) directions. If the reflectivity (for example) causes the reflected blue light to be more than red light, then the excess The reflected blue light will disappear in the transmitted light, resulting in a corresponding red shift in the transmitted appearance. In contrast, the colored absorbing material will exhibit the same color in all directions. ❿ According to the aforementioned transparent 〇 LED device - Developments, the transmittance of the germanium LED device can have a given wavelength dependence (including the case where the transmittance is lightly determined for all wavelengths). The interference effect of the coating layer will generally be the wavelength dependence of the transmission, which is wavelength dependent. One of the reflectances is imaged by a λ, /, for example, an absorption color filter behind the coating layer, and the transmission properties of the OLED device can be adjusted as appropriate (for example) by - A light blue color smear to compensate for the red shift produced by the coating layer in transmitted light. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the coating layer can be adjusted to 144578.doc 201031246 to achieve a desired Color appearance. If the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of the coating layer is produced by interference of light reflected at the front surface and the rear surface of the coating layer, respectively, this is, for example, feasible. By appropriately adjusting the coating layer The thickness 'the resulting dryness of the coating layer relates to a color appearance substantially adjusted to any desired color point within a given range of one of the possible values. According to a related embodiment, the thickness of the coating layer and/or the a component of the electroluminescent layer to achieve a desired emission characteristic of one of the OLED devices in an open state of the OLED device.
態下之一期望的彩色外觀及在開啟狀態下之一期望的發射 特性。選擇宜可循序進行，即首先決定該塗布層之厚度以 實現一期望之關閉狀態特性，及接著決定該有機電致發光 層之組份以實現在開啟狀態下之一期望的發射特性（考慮 到該塗布層之性質）。決定該有機電致發光層之組份可特 別包括選擇發射不同彩色（例如藍、綠、紅）之材料的數 量。如果有效產生之發射為非單色而是涵蓋（例如白光之）One of the desired color appearances and one of the desired emission characteristics in the on state. The selection may be performed sequentially, that is, first determining the thickness of the coating layer to achieve a desired shutdown state characteristic, and then determining the composition of the organic electroluminescent layer to achieve a desired emission characteristic in the on state (considering The nature of the coating layer). Determining the composition of the organic electroluminescent layer may specifically include selecting a quantity of material that emits different colors (e.g., blue, green, red). If the effectively generated emission is non-monochromatic but covers (eg white light)
一寬的光譜’則調適該〇咖裝置之有效發射尤為可行且 符合期望。 在該OLED裂置之_特定實施例中，該塗布層可包括 無機材料，尤其是選自*Si〇2、SiN、ZnSe、Znn (例如銀、IS、銅、金或錄）組成之群之—無機材料。在」 情況下該塗布層宜可具有介於〇5奈米與5〇〇奈米之間、玉 佳為介於5奈米與2〇〇奈米之間之一厚度。 _ ^亥OLED裝置之另—特定實施例中，該塗布^可^ 一有機材料，尤其是選自由三普㈣物叫)及心毒 144578.doc 201031246 基=基聯二苯基苯胺（a_NPD)組成之群之—有機材料。在 此情況下該塗布層宜可具有介於0·5奈米與5〇〇奈米之間、 最佳為介於10奈米與100奈米之間之一厚度。 例如，如果該塗布層係由不同材料之幾個單一子層組 成，則當然亦可組合該等提及之材料。 該塗布層宜可為或包括一抗反射塗層，其減小在入射 (周圍）光之整個光譜範圍内之該〇LED裝置之外表面的反A wide spectrum' is suitable for adapting the effective emission of the device, which is particularly feasible and desirable. In a particular embodiment of the OLED cleavage, the coating layer may comprise an inorganic material, especially a group selected from the group consisting of *Si〇2, SiN, ZnSe, Znn (eg, silver, IS, copper, gold, or gold). - Inorganic materials. In this case, the coating layer preferably has a thickness of between 5 nm and 5 nm, and a thickness of between 5 nm and 2 nm. In another specific embodiment of the OLED device, the coating can be an organic material, especially selected from the group consisting of triterpenes (four) and cardiotoxicity 144578.doc 201031246 base = bis-diphenylaniline (a_NPD) The group of organic materials. In this case, the coating layer preferably has a thickness of between 0.5 nm and 5 nm, preferably between 10 nm and 100 nm. For example, if the coating layer is composed of several single sub-layers of different materials, it is of course also possible to combine the materials mentioned. Preferably, the coating layer can be or include an anti-reflective coating that reduces the surface of the outer surface of the xenon LED device over the entire spectral range of incident (surrounding) light.
射率。此一抗反射塗層可（例如）施加至一照明裝置，以阻 止或降低干擾鏡像效應。 艮本發明之另一實施例，該塗布層可包括該〇L肋裝 置之用作-密封材及_機械保護部之—薄膜囊封。由於此 了薄膜囊封可具有光學效應，#設計整個塗布層時，通常 必須考慮其參數（例如其厚度）。 總體而言，該塗布層可被佈置於在該〇LED裝置上入射 的外部光之路徑中的任何位置處。因此該塗布層可為（例 :)經佈置於距離該電致發光層及其之電極一段距離的一 :開獨立層。然而如其名稱指示，該塗布層宜被佈置在某 他層之表面上。此其他層尤其可為該〇則裝置之該 電極之-者。或者’可存在介於該塗布層與緊鄰電極之 的另外層，例如用於轉換藉由該電致發光層之初級光發 過渡層或-發光層。理論上，亦可能該塗布層被佈 電極層與該電致發光層之間(條件是該塗布層具有 :田的電氣特性)。然而’該塗布層實際上通常將為直接 S 1接（例如經由一中間囊封）被暴露至環境的該OLED跋 W4578.doc 201031246 置之一最外層。 【實施方式】 將從下文中所描述之（若干）實施例中明白本發明之此等 及其他態樣，且將參考下文中所描述之（若干）實施例來說 明本發明之此等及其他態樣。將藉助於附圖來舉例描述此 等實施例。 在圖中之相似參考數字指相同或類似組件。 許多有機發光一極體（OLED)包括一不透明電極，使整 個裝置亦為不透明。與此相反，亦可藉由使一 〇LED裝置 具有透明電極而將該OLED裝置製成至少部分透明。此一 透明OLED裝置通常將通過頂側及底側兩者發光。當關閉 該OLED裝置時，由其產生之光學取模係由整個堆疊（包括 有機材料及無機材料）之特性決定，通常產生一具有一發 微光之彩色外觀的透明度。 存在各種應用，其中可期望具有在一（透明或不透 明）OLED裝置之關閉狀態下具有一給定彩色外觀之該（透 明或不透明）〇LED裝置。為實現此，此處建議藉由一額外 塗布層來慎重調整一 OLED裝置之關閉狀態的彩色效果， 該額外塗布層具有一基於干涉效應的波長相依反射率。此 塗布層宜可同時用作一抗反射塗層。再者，該塗布層可影 響在該OLED裝置之開啟狀態下有效發出之光的色點。由 於該塗布層所致’一發白光之OLED堆疊可（例如）在頂側 及底側處得到不同彩色的發射。 以下將參考穿過在圖i中所示之一 OLED裝置1〇〇之截面 144578.doc 201031246 來解釋以上一般概念之一例示性認知。應注意圖式僅為示 意’且該等層及其等之厚度並非按比例緣製。該OLED裝 置整體係透明的，且自下而上包括以下組件·· ' —透明基板IG’例如—玻璃板，其用作-機械載體。 - --透明第-電極u’例如操作為一陽極，其(例如)係 直接佈置在該基板上。 ’ -一有機電致發光層12，其簡單地顯示為一單一層，但 $習OLED裝置之領域的技術者已知其通常將包括複數個 子層（例如透明層及注入層）。 -一透明第二電極13，例如操作為一陰極，其係佈置在 該電致發光層上。在下文中，將在不失一般性的情況下， '假設在此實财該第一電極層為一陽極層及該第二電極層 為一陰極層。 -一抗反射塗布層20,其係佈置在該陰極層13上。此塗 布層20可為一單一均質層或幾個子層之一系統。該塗布層 鲁 20可用作減少該陰極層13之反射率之一抗反射塗層。如果 該陰極層13包括一薄金屬層或一序列此等層，則此尤其有 利。 該OLED裝置1〇〇可進一步包括提供一密封及機械保護的 一外殼或囊封（未顯示）^當然該外殼在該〇LEd裝置丨〇〇之 頂側及底側之區域内必須為透明，光發射將通過頂側及底 側而發生。 應注意該OLED裝置可視情況進一步包括未顯示在圖1之 實施例中的若干層，例如一發光轉換層。由於該〇LED裝 144578.doc -9- 201031246 置100之透明度所致，該0LED裝置100通過頂側及底侧而 發出在該有機層12内所產生之光（可能具有不同強度）。 為使該OLED裝置100在其之關閉狀態（即在該電致發光 層中不有效產生光時）下呈現一給定之期望彩色效果，可 相應地調適該塗布層2〇。更特定言之，該塗布層之厚度d 可經調整使得藉由干涉效應而實現自該塗布層所反射之光 之一期望彩色效果。因此該塗布層2〇不僅用於減少自該 OLED裝置1GG之表面的反射率，也用於調整在關閉狀態下 的彩色效果。 就此而5，圖2顯示分別表示基於入射光之波長λ的透射 τ(實線）之相關性及基於入射光之波長1的反射r(虛線）之相 關性的若干曲線。資料係關於具有一α_Νρ〇抗反射塗布層 及-玻璃囊封的一咖裝置，#中各曲線對應於該塗布 層之介於35奈米與85奈米之間一不同厚度d。 對於具有35奈轉度的—塗布層，在藍或綠/藍光譜範 圍内波長λ為460奈米至47G奈米時存在—確切的透射最大 值對於較厚的a_NPD塗布層，首先該等透射曲線變得更 平-❿在約65G奈米至700奈米範圍内的—透射最大值係 針對在紅光譜範圍内之較厚厚度形成。 至於反射率R、透射率τ及殘餘吸收率—起合計麵， :」對應厚度之反射率曲線通常顯示相反的趨勢：對 塗布層，在紅光譜範圍内之反射為較高，而對於較 =:，在藍/綠光譜範圍(約45。奈米至55〇奈米)内之反 、_4目應地’在該〇LED裝置之關閉狀態下該沉印 144578.doc 201031246 裝置之透明度及彩色效果隨該塗布層之厚度d而自一淡紅 色變至一藍綠色。 根據本發明之一 OLED裝置之一具體實施例可包括以下 特定架構： 一玻璃基板10，例如用氧化銦錫（IT〇)塗布，作為陽 極11 ; _ —Ρ型摻雜電洞注入層（例如具有厚度約為4〇奈米的 MTDATA ： F4-TCNQ(l〇/〇)); -一電洞傳導層（例如具有厚度約為1〇奈米的a_NpD); • 一橙色發射層（具有厚度約為2〇奈米的α_Νρ]〇: Ir(MDQ)2(acac)(l0%)); -一電子傳導層（例如具有厚度約為2〇奈米的BA1q); -一 η型摻雜層（例如具有厚度約為1奈米的UF); _ 一鋁層（具有約1.5奈米的一厚度）及一透明銀層（具有 約15奈米的一厚度）’ 一起用作一陰極丨〗； • _一或多個塗布層20，其用於光之一最佳耦出（out_ coupling)。 月'J面提及之光耦出（out-coupling)塗布層2〇可（例如）包括 以下材料： -無機材料，如si〇2、SiN、ZnSe4ZnS，其具有介於 〇·5奈米與數百奈米之間（通常為5奈米至2〇〇奈米）的一厚 度d ; •有機材料’如Alq3及a_NPD，其具有介於〇5奈米與數 百奈米之間（通常為10奈米至100奈米）的一厚度d ; 144578.doc •11 · 201031246 -該等列舉之材料的多層系統。 此外，可透明地囊封該OLED裝置100上。為此，可得出 不同的可能性，例如： -一透明玻璃蓋被膠合至預製OLED裝置上（通常僅在蓋 子之邊界處）； -首先一框架被膠合至該預製OLED裝置上，接著一透 明玻璃板被膠合在該預製OLED裝置上； -一玻璃板被直接（且視情況以其全表面）膠合至該預製 OLED裝置上； -一薄膜囊封被施加至該預製OLED裝置上，例如包括 SiN(200奈米）/SiO2(100奈米）的三個雙層，或任何其他 已知或商購之薄膜封裝； -除在該預製OLED裝置上之一薄膜囊封外，一玻璃板 被膠合至此囊封上以增加機械強健度。 總體而言，必須考慮到一囊封對該OLED裝置之光學效 果的影響。如果該囊封係藉由一玻璃蓋或玻璃板而實現， 則此影響相對較小。然而如果為一薄膜囊封，則此囊封之 厚度可能需要調整及與其他參數協調以實現一期望之彩色 效果。 應注意如果透射曲線/反射曲線高度取決於波長，則在 該OLED裝置之開啟狀態下描述之透明OLED裝置之發射的 色點可因分別通過頂側及底側所發出之光而有差異。對於 單色OLED裝置，此差異幾乎不能為人眼所覺察。然而對 於發白光之OLED，效果為可視。此可加以利用以提供一 144578.doc -12- 201031246 〇led裝置’其在開啟狀態下在相對側上具有不同的發射 肖I·生例如在-側處為—較藍綠色點及在相對側處為一更 淡紅色點。 , 《等#述之〇LED|置可用在透明^㈣之任何應用中。 ^ 如果為内部照明’則（例如）可期望給房間提供房間分隔物 或給牆壁提供一淡彩色效果，其取決於相關房間之用法 (例^-淡紅效果用於休息室、—無色至淡紅效果用於釀 • 黑沙龍、-淺藍效果用於體育設施(如健身房或游泳館 等））。再者，可期望使在商場内之照明設備針對一特定主 題、季節等調適。另外，在(例如)建築物或汽車内之具有 整合式大面積OLED的窗戶可具有一特定的彩色效果。 自一 OLED裝置之相對側有效地發出之白光之可能的不 同光譜組份（例如）在稱為「氛圍創造」的區域内亦為有 利。較佳係，此等透明0LED可配置在可轉動載體（例如具 有一水平或垂直轉動軸）上，因此允許任意改變兩種光色 •彩之發射。 最後應指出在本申請案中，術語「包括」並不排除其他 兀件或步驟，即「一」並不排除複數個，及一單一處理器 .或其他單元可實現幾個構件之功能。本發明存在於各個及 每個新穎的特性特徵及特性特徵之各個及每個組合中。再 者’在請求項中之參考符號不應視為限制請求項之範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1顯示穿過根據本發明之一 OLED裝置的一示意截面；及 圖2顯示一塗布層之例示性透射及反射曲線。 144578.doc -13- 201031246 【主要元件符號說明】 10 透明基板 11 第一電極 12 電致發光層 13 第二電極 20 塗布層 100 有機發光二極體（OLED)裝置 d 塗布層的厚度 144578.doc -14-Rate of incidence. This anti-reflective coating can, for example, be applied to a lighting device to prevent or reduce interference image effects. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the coating layer may comprise a film encapsulation of the 肋L rib device for use as a - sealing material and a mechanical protection portion. Since the film encapsulation can have an optical effect, it is often necessary to consider its parameters (e.g., its thickness) when designing the entire coating layer. In general, the coating layer can be disposed at any location in the path of external light incident on the xenon LED device. Thus the coating layer can be, for example, an open layer disposed at a distance from the electroluminescent layer and its electrodes. However, as indicated by its name, the coating layer should preferably be disposed on the surface of some layer. This other layer may especially be the one of the electrodes of the device. Alternatively, there may be an additional layer between the coating layer and the immediately adjacent electrode, for example for converting a primary light-emitting layer or a light-emitting layer by the electroluminescent layer. Theoretically, it is also possible that the coating layer is between the electrode layer and the electroluminescent layer (provided that the coating layer has: electrical characteristics of the field). However, the coating layer will typically be one of the outermost layers of the OLED 跋 W4578.doc 201031246 that will typically be exposed to the environment directly (e.g., via an intermediate encapsulation). [Embodiment] These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; Aspect. These embodiments will be exemplified by means of the drawings. Like reference numerals in the figures refer to the same or the like. Many organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) include an opaque electrode that makes the entire device opaque. In contrast, the OLED device can also be made at least partially transparent by having a single LED device with a transparent electrode. Such a transparent OLED device will typically emit light through both the top side and the bottom side. When the OLED device is turned off, the optical modulating system produced therefrom is determined by the characteristics of the entire stack (including organic materials and inorganic materials), typically producing a transparency with a shimmering color appearance. There are a variety of applications in which it is desirable to have the (transparent or opaque) 〇 LED device having a given color appearance in a closed state of a (transparent or opaque) OLED device. To achieve this, it is proposed herein to carefully adjust the color effect of the off state of an OLED device with an additional coating layer having a wavelength dependent reflectance based on interference effects. The coating layer should preferably be used as an anti-reflective coating at the same time. Furthermore, the coating layer can affect the color point of the light that is effectively emitted in the open state of the OLED device. Due to the coating layer, a white light OLED stack can result in different colored emissions, for example, at the top and bottom sides. An exemplary cognition of the above general concept will be explained below with reference to a cross section 144578.doc 201031246 of one of the OLED devices 1 shown in FIG. It is to be noted that the drawings are merely illustrative and the thickness of the layers and the like are not to scale. The OLED device is entirely transparent and includes the following components from the bottom up. - 'Transparent substrate IG', for example, a glass plate, which serves as a mechanical carrier. - The transparent first electrode u' is for example operated as an anode which is, for example, arranged directly on the substrate. An organic electroluminescent layer 12, which is simply shown as a single layer, is known to those skilled in the art of OLED devices, and will generally include a plurality of sub-layers (e.g., a transparent layer and an implant layer). A transparent second electrode 13, for example operating as a cathode, is disposed on the electroluminescent layer. In the following, without losing the generality, it is assumed that the first electrode layer is an anode layer and the second electrode layer is a cathode layer. An anti-reflective coating layer 20, which is disposed on the cathode layer 13. The coating layer 20 can be a single homogeneous layer or one of several sub-layers. The coating layer 20 can be used as an anti-reflection coating for reducing the reflectance of the cathode layer 13. This is especially advantageous if the cathode layer 13 comprises a thin metal layer or a sequence of such layers. The OLED device 1 can further include a housing or encapsulation (not shown) that provides a seal and mechanical protection. Of course, the housing must be transparent in the region of the top and bottom sides of the 〇LEd device. Light emission will occur through the top and bottom sides. It should be noted that the OLED device may further include several layers not shown in the embodiment of Fig. 1, such as a luminescence conversion layer. Due to the transparency of the LED package 144578.doc -9- 201031246, the OLED device 100 emits light (possibly with different intensities) generated in the organic layer 12 through the top side and the bottom side. In order for the OLED device 100 to exhibit a given desired color effect in its closed state (i.e., when light is not efficiently produced in the electroluminescent layer), the coating layer 2 can be adapted accordingly. More specifically, the thickness d of the coating layer can be adjusted such that a desired color effect of one of the light reflected from the coating layer is achieved by an interference effect. Therefore, the coating layer 2 is used not only for reducing the reflectance from the surface of the OLED device 1GG but also for adjusting the color effect in the closed state. In this regard, Fig. 2 shows a number of curves showing the correlation between the transmission τ (solid line) based on the wavelength λ of the incident light and the correlation of the reflection r (dashed line) based on the wavelength 1 of the incident light. The data relates to a coffee device having an α_Νρ〇 antireflection coating layer and a glass envelope, and each curve in # corresponds to a different thickness d between the 35 nm and 85 nm of the coating layer. For coating layers with 35 nano-degrees of rotation, there is a wavelength λ of 460 nm to 47 G nm in the blue or green/blue spectral range - exact transmission maximum for thicker a_NPD coating layers, first of all such transmission The curve becomes flatter - the transmission maximum in the range of about 65G nanometers to 700 nanometers is formed for thicker thicknesses in the red spectral range. As for the reflectance R, the transmittance τ, and the residual absorptivity - the total surface, :" The reflectance curve corresponding to the thickness generally shows the opposite trend: for the coating layer, the reflection in the red spectral range is higher, and for the comparison = :, in the blue/green spectral range (about 45. nanometer to 55 nanometers), the inverse of the _4 mesh should be in the closed state of the LED device. The printing is 144578.doc 201031246 The transparency and color of the device The effect changes from a reddish color to a blue-green color depending on the thickness d of the coating layer. A specific embodiment of an OLED device according to the present invention may comprise the following specific architecture: a glass substrate 10, for example coated with indium tin oxide (IT〇), as an anode 11; a Ρ-type doped hole injection layer (eg MTDATA having a thickness of about 4 nanometers: F4-TCNQ (l〇/〇)); - a hole conducting layer (for example, a_NpD having a thickness of about 1 nanometer); • an orange emitting layer (having a thickness) α_Νρ]〇 of about 2〇N: Ir(MDQ)2(acac)(l0%)); - an electron conducting layer (for example, BA1q having a thickness of about 2 nanometers); - an n-type doping a layer (for example having a UF having a thickness of about 1 nm); an aluminum layer (having a thickness of about 1.5 nm) and a transparent silver layer (having a thickness of about 15 nm) used together as a cathode • One or more coating layers 20 for one of the light out of coupling. The out-coupling coating layer 2 mentioned in the 'J face may include, for example, the following materials: - an inorganic material such as si〇2, SiN, ZnSe4ZnS, which has a relationship between 〇·5 nm and a thickness between several hundred nanometers (usually 5 nm to 2 nanometers); • organic materials such as Alq3 and a_NPD, which are between 〇5 nm and hundreds of nanometers (usually A thickness d from 10 nm to 100 nm); 144578.doc • 11 · 201031246 - Multi-layer systems of these listed materials. Additionally, the OLED device 100 can be transparently encapsulated. For this purpose, different possibilities are available, for example: - a transparent glass cover is glued to the prefabricated OLED device (usually only at the border of the cover); - first a frame is glued to the prefabricated OLED device, followed by a a transparent glass plate is glued to the prefabricated OLED device; a glass plate is directly (and optionally full surface) glued to the prefabricated OLED device; a film encapsulation is applied to the prefabricated OLED device, for example Three bilayers including SiN (200 nm) / SiO 2 (100 nm), or any other known or commercially available thin film encapsulation; - In addition to one of the film encapsulation on the prefabricated OLED device, a glass plate Glued to the capsule to increase mechanical robustness. In general, the effect of an encapsulation on the optical effect of the OLED device must be considered. If the encapsulation is achieved by a glass cover or glass plate, the effect is relatively small. However, if a film is encapsulated, the thickness of the envelope may need to be adjusted and coordinated with other parameters to achieve a desired color effect. It should be noted that if the transmission curve/reflection curve height is dependent on the wavelength, the color point of the emission of the transparent OLED device described in the on state of the OLED device may vary due to the light emitted by the top side and the bottom side, respectively. For monochrome OLED devices, this difference is barely noticeable to the human eye. However, for OLEDs that emit white light, the effect is visible. This can be utilized to provide a 144578.doc -12-201031246 〇led device that has different emission on the opposite side in the open state, such as at the side - a blue-green dot and on the opposite side It is a more reddish point. , "Wait # 〇 〇 LED| set can be used in any application of transparent ^ (4). ^ If it is for interior lighting, then (for example) it may be desirable to provide a room divider to the room or to give the wall a light color effect, depending on the usage of the relevant room (eg ^-light red effect for the lounge, - colorless to light red effect) Used for brewing • Black salon, light blue effect for sports facilities (such as gyms or swimming pools). Furthermore, it may be desirable to adapt the lighting fixtures within the mall to a particular subject, season, and the like. Additionally, windows having integrated large area OLEDs, for example, in buildings or automobiles, can have a particular color effect. Possible different spectral components of white light that are effectively emitted from opposite sides of an OLED device, for example, are also advantageous in areas known as "ambient creation." Preferably, the transparent OLEDs can be disposed on a rotatable carrier (e.g., having a horizontal or vertical axis of rotation), thereby allowing for arbitrarily changing the emission of both colors. In the end, it should be noted that in the present application, the term "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, that is, "a" does not exclude the plural, and a single processor. The present invention resides in each and every combination of various and novel features and features. Further, the reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section through an OLED device according to one embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 2 shows an exemplary transmission and reflection curve of a coating layer. 144578.doc -13- 201031246 [Description of main components] 10 transparent substrate 11 first electrode 12 electroluminescent layer 13 second electrode 20 coating layer 100 organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device d thickness of coating layer 144578.doc -14-