TW201027769A - Improved drum design for web processing - Google Patents

Improved drum design for web processing Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201027769A
TW201027769A TW098136568A TW98136568A TW201027769A TW 201027769 A TW201027769 A TW 201027769A TW 098136568 A TW098136568 A TW 098136568A TW 98136568 A TW98136568 A TW 98136568A TW 201027769 A TW201027769 A TW 201027769A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
workpiece
deposition
continuous flexible
roller
peripheral surface
Prior art date
Application number
TW098136568A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mustafa Pinarbasi
Homayoun Talieh
Bulent M Basol
Original Assignee
Solopower Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Solopower Inc filed Critical Solopower Inc
Publication of TW201027769A publication Critical patent/TW201027769A/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/56Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks
    • C23C14/562Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks for coating elongated substrates
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/14Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
    • G06F3/1423Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units controlling a plurality of local displays, e.g. CRT and flat panel display
    • G06F3/1446Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units controlling a plurality of local displays, e.g. CRT and flat panel display display composed of modules, e.g. video walls
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/14Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
    • G06F3/1423Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units controlling a plurality of local displays, e.g. CRT and flat panel display
    • G06F3/1438Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units controlling a plurality of local displays, e.g. CRT and flat panel display using more than one graphics controller
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/301Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements flexible foldable or roll-able electronic displays, e.g. thin LCD, OLED
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/036Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
    • H01L31/0392Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
    • H01L31/03923Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate including AIBIIICVI compound materials, e.g. CIS, CIGS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/20Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof such devices or parts thereof comprising amorphous semiconductor materials
    • H01L31/206Particular processes or apparatus for continuous treatment of the devices, e.g. roll-to roll processes, multi-chamber deposition
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2252/00Sheets
    • B05D2252/02Sheets of indefinite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0493Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases using vacuum
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/02Composition of display devices
    • G09G2300/026Video wall, i.e. juxtaposition of a plurality of screens to create a display screen of bigger dimensions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0452Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2380/00Specific applications
    • G09G2380/06Remotely controlled electronic signs other than labels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2085Special arrangements for addressing the individual elements of the matrix, other than by driving respective rows and columns in combination
    • G09G3/2088Special arrangements for addressing the individual elements of the matrix, other than by driving respective rows and columns in combination with use of a plurality of processors, each processor controlling a number of individual elements of the matrix
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/541CuInSe2 material PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

201027769 六、發明說明: 本申請案主張2008年1〇月28曰申請之標題為 「IMPROVED DRUM DESIGN FOR WEB PROCESSING」之 美國申请案第61/109,144號之優先權,其全部内容以引用 之方式併入本文。 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於沈積方法,且更特定言之,係關於用於 ❿在用於製造太陽能電池之導電表面上的金屬薄膜之物理氣 相沈積之方法。 【先前技術】 太陽能電池係將陽光直接轉換為電功率之光伏打裝 置。最常用之太陽能電池材料為矽,其呈單晶圓或多晶晶 圓之形式。然而,使用基於矽之太陽能電池產生電力之成 本高於藉由較傳統方法產生電力之成本。因此,自20世紀 70年代早期開始,已致力於降低用於地面使用之太陽能電 _ 池之成本。一種降低太陽能電池之成本之方式為開發可將 太陽能電池品質吸收劑材料沈積於在大面積基板上之低成 本薄膜生長技術並促進此等裝置使用高產量、低成本方法。 包含元素週期表之第IB族(Cu、Ag、Au )、第ΠΙΑ 族(Β、A1、Ga、In、ΤΙ )及第 VIA 族(Ο、S、Se、Te、 P〇)材料或元素中之一些的第IBIIIAVIA族化合物半導體 為用於薄膜太陽能電池結構之卓越吸收劑材料。尤其,通
常稱為 CIGS(S)或 Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 或 CuInhGaaSySebyH 201027769 (其中0彡x彡1、〇彡y彡1且k約為2)之Cu、In、Ga、Se 及S之化合物已用於產生接近2〇%之轉換效率的太陽能電 池結構中。含有第IIIA族元素A1及/或第VIA族元素Te 之吸收劑亦顯示有良好前景。因此,概言之,含有以下元 素之化合物受到太陽能電池應用之極大關注:i )來自第IB 族之Cu、ii )來自第ΠΙΑ族之In、Ga及A1中之至少一者 及iii )來自第VIA族之S、Se及Te中之至少一者。 第1圖中繪示習知第IBIIIAVIA族化合物光伏打電池 (諸如’ Cu(In,Ga,Al)(S,Se,Te)2薄膜太陽能電池)之結構。 在一基板11 (諸如,一片玻璃、一片金屬、一絕緣箔或捲 板或一導電箔或捲板)上製造裝置10。使吸收劑膜12 (包 括0:11(111,〇&,八1)(8,86,丁6)2家族中之材料)生長於一導電層 13或接觸層上,該導電層13或接觸層先前經沈積於基板 11上且充當與裝置之電接觸。吸收劑膜12係藉由將包括 第IB族及第ΠΙΑ族元素之前驅物層沈積於接觸層上且隨 ❹ 後使此前驅物堆疊膜與Se及S中之一者反應以形成吸收劑 層來形成。基板11及導電層13形成一基底20,在該基底 20上形成該吸收劑膜12 ^包含Mo、Ta、W、Ti及其氮化 物之各種導電層已用於第1圖之太陽能電池結構中。若基 板自身為經適當選擇之導電材料,則有可能不使用接觸層 13,因為基板11隨後可用作與裝置之歐姆接觸。在使該吸 收劑膜12生長之後,在該吸收劑膜上形成諸如CdS、ZnO 或CdS/ZnO堆疊之透明層14。輻射15經由透明層14進入 裝置。亦可將金屬柵格(未圖示)沈積於透明層14上以減 5 201027769 小裝置之有效串聯電阻。 藉由各種方法(諸如,蒸鎮、電鑛及減鑛沈積)沈積 之各種材料可用以提供第1圖中所緣示之裝置的各種層。 減鍍及蒸锻技術(亦稱為物理氣4目沈積(pvD)技術)係 /尤積接觸層及透明層之較佳方法,但其亦可用以沈積前驅 物膜之組份。可使用熟知捲軸式製程工具將此等層沈積於 連續可撓性基板上,其中,自一供應捲軸將該可挽性基板 ❿饋送至一製程腔tt,且在接收沈積後將該可挽性基板自 該製程腔室捲起並捲繞於一接收捲軸。該製程腔室可具有 (例如)一或多個濺鍍沈積單元或陰極以將所要材料自安 裝於陰極上之目標沈積至連續可撓性基板上。 通常,該等製程腔室配備有一支撐設備以在沈積期間 支撐連續可撓性基板。第2圖以透視圖繪示支撐連續可撓 性工件52或捲板之示範性圓柱形支撐設備5〇或滾筒。具 有各種大小之滾筒用以控制捲板之張力並將熱轉移出該捲 Φ板。該等滾筒可使用基於油、水或氣體之冷卻機制以自捲 板轉移其由濺鍍陰極加熱所獲得之熱。捲板52之頂表面 54暴露於沈積材料(如箭頭「Μ」所指示),該沈積材料源 自安裝於陰極上之目標材料。在製程期間,捲板52經前移 同時與可隨工件移動而旋轉之滾筒50的彎曲表面56接 觸。所沈積之膜的品質視捲板與滾筒表面之間的實體接觸 而定。如第2圖中所示’彎曲表面56為極佳圓柱形表面。 在製程期間,捲板之小變形可破壞捲板與彎曲表面之 間的實體接觸,如此可能導致該捲板在彎曲表面上不均句 201027769 地(諸如’側向及/或上下)移動。捲板之變形可由製程溫 度導致。此等變形又影響所沈積之層的品質且導致彎曲表 面56之邊緣區域58的污染,此在捲板邊緣接觸彎曲表面 之此受污染邊緣時進一步惡化捲板與彎曲表面之間的實體 接觸。因此,需要一種改良式滾筒設計解決上述問題以使 得可獲得最佳製程結果。 【發明内容】 φ 本發明提供一種用於滾筒之特定區段中之捲板之限 制、與經冷卻之表面之較好捲板接觸,及於滾筒上之捲板 之整個寬度上之沈積的方法及設備。 在第一實施例中,滾筒具有導引捲板之凹槽。此允許 該捲板限制於保持無沈積物之滾筒之特定區段。藉由此方 法,該捲板之整個寬度可得以沈積。由於該捲板限制於凹 槽,故在該捲板之侧面上發生於滾筒上之沈積。由於此等 區域未由捲板行進’故可藉由已知方法移除沈積物而不影 φ 響捲板與滾筒之間的相互作用。 在第二實施例中,在滾筒與捲板之間置放呈緩衝帶或 緩衝層之形式的緩衝材料.該緩衝材料可為高度導電但可 撓之材料。該緩衝材料之寬度可足夠寬以捕獲所有沈積通 量。一旦進行了顯著沈積,則可清潔或由新緩衝材料替換 該緩衝材料。 【實施方式】 本發明提供m將薄膜沈積於—連續基板或捲板 201027769 上之系統,該連續基板或捲板在沈積期間由該系統之支撐 基底之彎曲表面支撐。在一實施例中,該支撐基底可具有 一具有彎曲表面之圓柱形形狀,該彎曲表面具有在沈積製 程期間支撐連續基板的凹槽區。該凹槽區防止基板側向滑 動且控制基板之移動。在另一實施例中,在基板與支撐基 底之彎曲表面之間安置可撓性緩衝材料。該可撓性緩衝材 料藉由與基板較好接觸而增加基板與滾筒表面之間的摩擦 ▲ 力且減少由過量熱導致之變形或衍缝(quilting )。可撓性 攀 緩衝材料可容納基板上之小變形且與全部基板表面接觸。 此顯著增強自連續基板之變形區域的熱轉移。本發明之捲 轴式系統可用以製造第IBIIIAVIA族薄膜太陽能電池。 第3A圖繪示具有沈積站1〇2之捲轴式系統1〇〇β該沈 積站102可在一腔室或外殼(未圖示)中。該腔室可能處 於真空下或可能不處於真空下。該沈積站包括一支撐基底 或滾筒104以在沈積製程期間支撐工件1 〇8。通常跨越滾 • 筒104之下半部定位用於PVD製程之一或多個沈積單元 1〇6(諸如,濺鍍沈積單元)。工件108在其於供應線軸112Α 與接收線轴112Β之間延伸時接觸該滾筒之一圓柱形周邊 表面11 〇。若干輔助捲轴114經對稱地定位於滾筒之兩側以 使得在自供應線轴112α饋送工件時工件108能夠接觸圓枉 形周邊表面110之至少下半部且在該製程之後捲繞於接收 線轴112Β。隨著藉由移動機制(未圖示)使工件i〇8沿製 程方向‘A,前移,該工件在滾筒1〇4之表面11〇上經拉 緊,且工件108之前表面116A自沈積單元1〇6接收沈積材 8 201027769 104之表面110 料’同時工件108之後表面116B與滚筒 實體接觸《工件1〇8之兩個長邊緣大體上平行於製程方向 ‘A,。當工件在單元106前面前移時,來自沈積單元1〇6 之材料沈積至該工件108之前表面116A上的沈積路徑上。 該等沈積單元可包括用以將材料濺鍍沈積至工件之前表面 116A上的濺鍍沈積設備。該沈積路徑可具有等於或小於工 件之寬度的寬度。 ❿ 在所有實施例中,滾筒104由熱傳導材料(較佳地, 諸如不銹鋼之金屬材料,但可使用其他熱傳導材料)製成。 習知方法可用以製造滾筒。需要經修改之製程步驟以用於 製造如上所述之凹槽,且在添加諸如下文描述之可撓性緩 衝層之額外材料時使用額外製程步驟。應注意典型滾筒 102之尺寸可變化,但在許多實施案中,3至1〇行之直徑 係典型的。約2至6ft之捲板寬度在製造環境中亦為典型。 第3B圖繪示滾筒1〇4之侧視橫截面圖。在此實施例 中,滚筒104之周邊表面11〇包括一凹槽118,其具有一周 邊凹陷表面12GA及側i聰(―第—側壁及—第二側 壁)。隨著工件在製程期間移動,工件1〇8之後表面…B 接觸周邊凹陷表面120A(亦稱為工件接觸表面),且側壁 _將工件刚限制於凹槽118内。該凹槽具有跨越圓柱 形表面U0《不變深度,該深度在工件厚度範圍内或更 大。,凹槽118使工件能夠停留在沈積路徑中且沿製程方向 A移動。若發生任何污染,則該污染停留在側壁議 上’且由於工# 1〇8無法橫向移動,故無實質污染到達工 201027769 件1〇8下。可在製程時間間隔清潔侧壁12〇B之受污染區 I在此設計中,工件刚將經導引至凹槽中且相同區域 將始終保持清潔,進而確保工件⑽與㈣⑽之間的= 似恒疋之相互作用。由於工件1〇8經限制於凹槽⑴中且 僅沿製程方向‘A’移動’故來自沈積單元⑽之材料可按 ^緣對邊緣之方式沈積至工件之整個前表面上,進而覆蓋
整個寬度而不必擔心側壁i細上之任何非想要之沈積因 為該等侧壁未由工件1 08接觸。 在上述實施例中,滚筒表面之凹槽區防止工件侧向滑 動且控制工件之移動。工件之移動亦可由安置於該工件與 滾筒表面之間的可撓性緩衝材料(諸如基於梦之聚合物材 料)控制。該可撓性緩衝材料藉由與工件之後面較好接觸 而增加工件與滾筒表面之間的摩擦力,藉此減少由過量熱 導致之變形或賴。該緩衝材料可與如上所述具有凹槽之 滾筒以及與具有不包括任何凹槽之平滑表面之矩形一 起使用。 第4A0繚示類似於系、統1〇〇之系统2〇〇,不同之處在 於該系、统綱使用另—滾筒實施例及相關聯之緩衝帶總 成。該系、统200藉由用不具有凹槽之滾筒—替換第3a 圖至第3B圖中之系統100的滾筒1〇4,且亦包括緩衝帶總 成2〇卜以提供緩衝材料來建構。如第4b圖中所綠示在 此實施例中’滾筒204之圓柱形表面21〇為不具有凹槽之 平滑表面'緩衝帶202經定位於滾筒之表面21〇與工件1〇8 y表面116B之間。緩衝帶2〇2由可垂直移動之帶捲軸 10 201027769 203拉緊。緩衝帶2〇2之寬度可較佳等於滾筒2叫之表面 210的寬度。緩衝帶之寬度可等於或大於工件108之寬度。 若緩衝帶202之寬度大於工件之寬度,則缓衝帶202之側 面2〇5可因未由工件108覆蓋而暴露。暴露之側面205收 集非想要之沈積材料且保持滾筒2〇4之邊緣表面2〇6無污 染物或過量沈積之材才4。緩衝帶之側φ 2〇5之表面可經製 造得粗糙’而在工件108下行進之緩衝帶2〇2之表面區段 ❹可具有平滑表面以用於較佳熱轉移。本申請案中之平滑表 可八有50至250 nm之表面粗糙度(嶂:值至谷值收集 過量沈積之材料或污染物的粗糙化表面可具有數十微米至 一毫米之範圍内的表面粗糙度。通常藉由將諸如鋁之材料 電漿喷塗於待粗糙化之表面上來獲得此等粗糙表面。因 此,暴露之側面205之粗糙表面可在其經清潔之前幫助收 集較大量污染物且藉此減少用於清潔之製程中斷的次數。 緩衝帶202可包含一材料,其為可撓性但在熱效能方 _面極有效率的導體,諸如,填充有冑熱導率材料之聚石夕氧。 可撓性帶將與工件108較好接觸且減少由過量熱導致之變 形或绗縫。缓衝帶202可容納工件1〇8上之小變形且與該 件之整個後表面11 6B接觸。與先前技術中之固雜表面相 比,此緩衝帶202將顯著增強自工件1〇8之變形區域的熱 轉移。此外,缓衝帶202可由電動化捲轴驅動或由滾筒驅 動;帶上之張力可由帶捲軸203控制,例如,緩衝帶2〇2 可藉由彈簧而具有恒定張力設定,從而使得其可自由靠近 或遠離滚筒204以保持恒定張力;緩衝帶2〇2可具有一邊 11 201027769 緣導件以控制其於滾筒上之精確位置;且mu面 接收顯著沈積物’則即可清潔或替換該帶。在另一實施例, 緩衝帶2〇2可由一對清潔帶(未圖示)替換,該對清潔帶
可僅觸及且覆蓋滚筒204之邊緣表面 下延伸’從而使得工件之後表面丨丨6B 206但不在工件108 觸及且覆蓋邊緣表面 之間的表面區域。清潔帶之表面可為粗繞以收集污染 物°可定期清潔或用清潔的帶替換清潔帶。
如第4C圖中所繪不,系統200亦可使用先前實施例中 所描述之滾筒104與上文所描述之緩衝帶2〇2相組合。在 此實施例中,緩衝帶202位於凹陷表面12〇八與工件1〇8 之後表面116B之間。侧壁120B將工件1〇8及緩衝帶2〇〇 限制於凹槽118内。 如第5A圖至第5B圖中所繪示,第4A圖中所繪示之 緩衝帶202可由塗佈於整個圓柱形表面210上之緩衝材料 層3〇〇替換,緩衝材料層300觸及工件1〇8以達成相同效 φ 果。緩衝層300之寬度可較佳等於滾筒204之表面21〇之 寬度。緩衝層300之寬度可等於或大於工件丨〇8之寬度。 若緩衝層300之寬度大於工件之寬度,則緩衝層3〇〇之側 面可因未由工件108覆蓋而暴露。 如第5C圖中所繪示,緩衝層亦可用於第3B圖中所繪 示之滾筒104的.表面110上。在此實施例中,緩衝層3〇〇 位於凹陷表面12〇A與工件108之後表面U6B之間。側壁 120B及緩衝層300將工件108限制於凹槽118内。在此實 施例中,緩衝層300以與第4C圖中所繪示之緩衝帶2〇2 12 201027769 相同之方式起作用。 雖然關於某些較佳實施例描述本發明,但對本發明之 修改對於熟悉此項技術者而言顯而易見。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為先前技術太陽能電池結構之示意圖; 第2圖為先前技術之透視圖; 第3A圖為具有滾筒以支撐連續基板的本發明之捲軸 _ 積系統的示忍圖,其中滾筒表面包括凹槽以導引該連 續基板; 第3B圖為第3A圖中所繪示之滾筒之一實施例的示意 性側視圖; 第4A圖為具有滚筒以支撐連續基板的本發明之捲轴 式此積系統之另一實施例的示意圖,其中該滚筒包括一平 /腎表面’且其中已在滾筒表面與連續基板之間安置一緩衝 帶; ® 第4B圖為第4A圖中所繪示之滾筒的示意性側視圖; 第4C圖為第3B圖中所繪示之滾筒的示意性側視圖, 其中在滾筒表面與連續基板之間安置-緩衝帶; 第5A圖為第4A圖中所繪示之捲轴式系統的示意圓, 其中該緩衝帶已由塗佈於滾筒表面上之緩衝層替換; % 5B 1st 81為第5A圖中所繪示之滾筒的示意性侧視圖; 及 第5C圖為第3B圖中所繪示之滾筒的示意性側視圖, 13 201027769 其中已在滚筒表面與連續基板之間安置一緩衝層。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 裝置 11 基板 12 吸收劑膜 13 導電層/接觸層 14 透明層
15 輻射 20 基底 50 示範性圓枉形支撐設備/滚筒 52 連續可撓性工件/捲板 54 頂表面 56 彎曲表面 58 邊緣區域 100 捲軸式系統 102 沈積站 104 支撐基底或滾筒 106 沈積單元 108 工件 110 圓柱形周邊表面 112A供應線轴 112B接收線軸 114 輔助捲轴 201027769 116A前表面 116B後表面 118 凹槽 120A周邊凹陷表面 120B側壁 201 緩衝帶總成 202 緩衝帶 203 帶捲轴 ® 204滚筒 205 側面 206 邊緣表面 210 圓柱形表面 300 緩衝材料層/緩衝層 Μ 箭頭 15

Claims (1)

  1. 201027769 七、申請專利範圍: 連續可撓性 至少一 至少一滾筒 之凹槽,藉 且經安置於 件接觸表面 該第一侧壁 向移動時, 件接觸表面 參 種用於將一材料沈積於一沿一製程方向前移之 工件上之系統,包含: 滾筒,其繞一橫穿該製程方向之軸線旋轉,該 進步包括一周邊表面,其包括一形成於其中 此產生一凹陷工件接觸表面,其平行於該軸線 第側壁與一第二側壁之間,其中該凹陷工 之一部分支撐該連續可撓性工件之一區段,且 及該第二侧壁在該連續可撓性工件沿該製程方 將該連續可撓性工件之該區段維持於該凹陷工 之該部分上;及 至少一沈積單元,其經安置為跨越該周邊表面之該部 分中的-些,該至少-沈積單元跨越該連續可挽性工件之 該區段中之一些的一寬度,連續沈積該材料。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統,其進一步包含: • 一供應捲軸,該連續可撓性工件自該供應捲轴沿該製程方 向朝向該至少一滾筒前移;及—接收捲軸,自該至少一滾 筒接收之該連續可撓性工件捲繞於該接收捲軸。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統,其中該至少一滾 筒具有一圓柱形形狀,且該凹陷工件接觸表面具有一圓柱 形形狀。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統,其中該至少一沈 積單元包含一濺鍍沈積設備。 5. 如申請專利範圍第3項之系統,其中該滾筒由一 16 201027769 流趙冷卻藉此用於自該連續可撓性工件至該至少— 之熱轉移同時該至少-沈積單元跨越該連續可撓性工^ 之該區段中之—些的該寬度,連續沈積該材料。 6. 如申請專利範圍第2項之系統,其進一步包含— 腔室以包覆該至少一滾筒及該至少-沈積單元。 7. 如申請專利範園第6項之系、统,其中該腔 真空腔室。 ’ 一 如甲睛專利範圍帛i項之系、统,其進一步 數捲軸’該複數捲軸沿該製程方向定位’以在該連續 性工件支禮該至少-滾筒之該凹陷工件接觸表面之前及之 後’穩定該連續可撓性工件。 9.如申請專利範圍第!項之系統,其中該至少 筒包括沿該製程方向安置之一或多滾筒。 / !〇.-種詩將-材料沈積於_沿_製程方向前移之 連續可撓性工件上之系統,包含: 至少-滾筒,其繞一橫穿該製程方向之轴線旋轉,該 ―夕-滾筒進-步包括—周邊表面,其平行於該轴線且自 一第一邊緣延伸至一第二邊緣; -緩衝膜,其係可撓且高度導熱,該緩衝膜覆蓋該周 表面之至少一部分’以支撐該連續可撓性工件之一區 其中被該緩衝膜覆蓋之該周邊表面之該部分自該周邊 表面之該第一邊緣延伸至該第二邊緣;及 至少-沈積單元,其自該周邊表面之該部分跨越安 ,該至少—沈積單元跨越該連續可撓性卫件之該區段中 17 4 201027769 之一些的一寬度,連續沈積該材料β 11 ·如申請專利範圍第10項之系統,其進一步包含: 一供應捲轴,該連續可撓性工件自該供應捲轴沿該製程方 向朝向該支擇裝置刖移,及一接收捲轴,自該至少一滾筒 接收之該連續可撓性工件捲繞於該接收捲轴。 12.如申請專利範圍第1〇項之系統,其中該至少一滾 筒具有一圓柱形形狀,且該周邊表面具有一圓柱形形狀。 ❿ 13.如申請專利範圍第1 〇項之系統,其中該至少一沈 積單元包含一濺鍍沈積設備。 14·如申請專利範圍第12項之系統,其中該至少一滾 筒由一流體冷卻,藉此用於自該連續可撓性工件至該滾筒 之熱轉移,同時該至少一沈積單元跨越該連續可撓性工件 之該區段中之一些的該寬度,連續沈積該材料。 15·如申請專利範圍第丨丨項之系統,其進一步包含一 腔室,以包覆該至少一滾筒及該至少一沈積單元。 • 16.如申請專利範圍第15項之系統,其中該腔室為一 真空腔室》 17.如申請專利範圍第1〇項之系統,其中該緩衝膜為 一帶形緩衝膜’其由—張力捲軸拉緊,以將該緩衝膜推至 該至少一滾筒之該周邊表面上。 18·如申請專利範圍第17項之系統,其中該帶形緩衝 膜係由填充有-高熱導率材料之聚砂氧製成。 19·如申請專利範圍帛10項之系統,其中該緩衝膜為 -緩衝塗層’其塗覆至該至少一滾筒之整個周邊表面上。 201027769 申4專利範圍第19項之系統,其中該緩衝塗層 係由填充有一高熱導率材料之聚矽氧製成。 21.如申請專利範圍第19項之系統,其中該緩衝塗層 為一尚摩擦力材料。 方 將一材料沈積於一經由一沈積腔室沿一製程 向前移之連續可撓性工件上的方法,包含以下步驟: 腔 ❹ 〜使該連續可撓性H製程方向前移並進入該沈積 至中,其中被安置於該沈積腔室中者為: 至少一滾筒,其繞一橫穿該製程方向之轴線旋 轉,該至少—滾筒進一步包括一周邊表面,其包括一 形成於其中之凹槽’藉此產生一凹陷工件接觸表面, 8觸表面平行於該軸線且經安置於一第一側壁與一 第二側壁之間;及 ) 沈積單元’其自該周邊表面之該部分中的 一些跨越安置, …藉由該凹陷工件接觸表面之-部分支撐該連續工件之 該區段之一後表面,同時該第一側壁及該第二側壁在該連 續可撓性工件沿該製程方向移動時將該連續可撓性工件 之該區段維持於該凹陷工件接觸表面之該部分上; 在該連續可撓性工件之該區段之該後表面被該凹陷工 件接觸表面之該部分支料,㈣材料自該至少—沈積單 π沈積至該連續可撓性卫件之該區段之—暴露表面上。 23.如申請專利範圍第22項之方法其中該沈積步称 跨越該連續可撓性卫件之㈣段之該暴露表面之―整個寬 201027769 度,沈積該材料,且在該凹陷工件接觸表面上未發生材料 沈積。 24.如申請專利範圍第23項之方法其中當該沈積步 驟沈積該材料時,在該第一側壁及該第二側壁上發生過量 材料之沈積。 25·如申請專利範圍第24項之方法其進一步包含以 下步驟纟製程時間間隔中,自該第一侧壁及該第二側壁 清潔該過量材料。 26.如申明專利範圍第22項之方法其中該沈積步驟 包含濺鍍沈積。 ΙΊ. 一 種將一材料沈積於一經由一沈積腔室沿一製程 方向前移之連續可撓性卫件上的方法,包含以下步雜: 〜使該連續可撓紅件沿—製㈣向前移並進人該沈積 腔至中,其中被安置於該沈積腔室中者為: 至夕滾筒’其繞一橫穿該製程方向之軸線旋轉,該 至少一滾筒進一步句;te — κ 4^ 7匕括周邊表面,該周邊表面平行於該 軸線且自一第一邊緣延伸至一第二邊緣; -緩衝膜,其係可撓性且高度導熱該緩衝膜覆蓋該 =邊表面之至少-部分’以續該連續可撓性卫件之一區 其中被該緩1衝膜覆篆^ 野膜覆蓋之該周邊表面之該部分自該周邊 表面之該第一邊緣延伸至該第二邊緣;及 至少一沈積單元’其自該周邊表面之該部分跨越安置, 在該連續可撓性工件沿該製程方向移動時,藉由該緩 衝膜之_部分及其下之該周邊表面之該部分支撐該連續工 20 201027769 件之該區段的一後表面; 在該連續可接性工件沿該製程方向移動時當該連績 可撓性工件之該區段之該後表面被該緩衝膜之部分及其下 之該周邊表面之該部分支撐時’將該材料自該至少一沈積 單元沈積至該連射撓性王件之該區段中之—些的一暴露 表面上。 一 28.如申請專利範圍第27項之方法,其中該沈積步驟
    跨越該連續可m件之該區段之該暴露表面的—整個寬 度,沈積該材料。 29.如申切專利範圍第28項之方法其中當該沈積步 驟沈積該材料時’在緩衝膜邊緣區上發生過量材料之沈積。 3〇·如申請專利範圍第27項之方法,其中該沈積步驟 包含濺鍍沈積^ 31.如申請專利範圍第27項之方法,其中該緩衝膜為 一帶形缓衝膘,其經拉緊至該至少一滾筒之該周邊表面上。 φ 32.如申請專利範圍第27項之方法,其中該缓衝膜為 一塗覆至該至少一滾筒之該周邊表面上的緩衝塗層。 21
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