201023469 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 種可ί發明有關於1過1流保難置及其方法，尤指一 指堂=使用在各種電源產品上，以提供過電流保護與自動 復電之巢置及其方法。 【先前技術】 ❹ 在電ί 了防止電路發生過電流（〇Ver current)現象，因此 攜ΐ用中常ί有過電流保護裝置的設計，同時，在目前可 ϋ重^產品的廣泛應用下，過電流保護裝置的重要性則 的負裁兄’過電流保護裝置的功能在於，當電路消耗 即進入發到—過電流保護點時，過電流保護裝置隨 ^呆濩換式，而切斷負載電流流到負載，以確保負載 汉/、他電路元件的安全。 、 缺^ 、> 流入βΪ，、’ Ϊ電路工作中或通電瞬間，突然有瞬間大電流 生誤判拍過電流保護裝置會檢測到這個瞬間大電流，而發 只要有」保護模式，以使電路停止工作。根據前述， 將會立 3大電流產生，設計有過電流保護裝置之電路 動作，而、Γΐ工作，如此，工作中的電路將會常常發生誤 叫化成電路工作效率的降低。 【發明内容】 法，本發明提供—種過電流保護裝置及其方 再停止電2麵發生料流時，先㈣—段可調時間， 本發明乍’以避免過，細況發生。同時， 在電流恢復正常時，自動恢復電路的工作。 201023469 本發明較佳每a 之過電流保護，其力例的過電流保護裝置係提供一負載 電路及—時間控制=括有—電源開關電路、一過電流判斷 過電流判斷電=路。其中，電源開關電路耦接一電源。 〜個流到負载之^於兒源開關電路與負載，係用以檢知 斯結果信號。日夺n ^ΐ，並且根據該負載電流輪出一判 偵測%Α 剌電路耦接於電源開關電路與過電流201023469 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The invention may be related to a 1-to-1 flow-safety method and its method, especially one-in-one = use on various power products to provide overcurrent protection and automatic The nesting method of the electric power and its method. [Prior Art] ❹ In the electric 了 to prevent the circuit from overcurrent (〇Ver current) phenomenon, it is often used in the design of overcurrent protection devices, and at the same time, in the current wide range of applications The importance of the current protection device is that the function of the over-current protection device is that when the circuit is consumed, it enters the over-current protection point, and the over-current protection device switches the load current with the switch. Flow to the load to ensure the safety of the load and its circuit components. , lack of ^, > into βΪ,, 'Ϊ circuit work or power-on moment, suddenly there is a moment of high current error, the current protection device will detect this moment of high current, and as long as there is a "protection mode, so that the circuit stop working. According to the foregoing, three currents will be generated, and the circuit of the overcurrent protection device is designed to operate, and the circuit is operated, so that the working circuit will often be mistaken for the circuit to reduce the working efficiency. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, the present invention provides an overcurrent protection device and a second (four)-stage adjustable time, and the present invention is used to avoid overshooting. At the same time, the circuit is automatically restored when the current returns to normal. 201023469 The present invention preferably provides overcurrent protection for each of the overcurrent protection devices. The overcurrent protection device of the present invention provides a load circuit and a time control=including a power switch circuit and an overcurrent determination overcurrent determination circuit=road. The power switch circuit is coupled to a power source. ~ The flow to the load of the source switch circuit and the load is used to detect the result signal. The current is n ^ ΐ, and according to the load current, a detection is detected. The %Α circuit is coupled to the power switch circuit and the overcurrent.
“出保果信號，延遲-第-可調時間’ 鱿，延遲Γ现至包源開關電路’並且根據判斷結果信 電路。攻第一可調時間，再輸出一恢復信號至電源開關 負巷^，本發明較佳實施例的過電流保護方法係提供一 然德，過電流保護，步驟包含有：首先，檢知一負载電流； 〜可h判斷出負載電流超過—預設電流；接著，延遲一第 檢二^時間、，再切斷負载電流流到負載。接下來，再一次 後、裁電流，並且判斷出負載電流未超過預設電流。然 延遲一第二可調時間，恢復負載電流流到負载。 以—紅^所述，本發明的過電流保護裝置及其方法，係可 ,糟由凋整過電流保護點觸發的時間，以解決傳統過電流 =判^情況發生。同時，本發明的過電流保護裝置及其方 還可以在過電流情況消失後，自動恢復電路的工作。 了以上的概述與接下來的詳細説明皆為示範性質，是為 他進一步說明本發明的申請專利範圍。而有關本發明的其 目的與優點，將在後續的說明與圖示加以闡述。 【實施方式】 / 參考第一圖，第一圖為本發明較佳實施例的功能方 Α八〜、圖。如苐一圖所示，本發明的過電流保護裝置1轉 201023469 接於電源Vs與一負載2之間，其係用來提供過電流保護功 能給負載2。過電流保護裝置1包括有一電源開關電路10、 一過電流判斷電路12及一時間控制電路14。其中，電源 開關電路10耦接於該電源Vs、過電流判斷電路12及時間 控制電路14，同時，過電流判斷電路12除了耦接電源開 關電路10之外，還耦接於負載2與時間控制電路14。 復參考第一圖。電源開關電路10接收電源Vs，並且 根據時間控制電路14送過來的一保護信號S2或一恢復信 號S3，而分別動作截止或導通，進而切斷或導入該電源Vs 到過電流判斷電路12。同時，過電流判斷電路12耦接在 電源開關電路10與負載之間，其係用以檢知流到負載2 的一負載電流1〇，並且根據負載電流1〇以進行過電流的 判斷，進而輸出一判斷結果信號S1給時間控制電路14。 當判斷結果信號S1表示為過電流時，時間控制電路 14會根據此判斷結果信號S1，而延遲一第一可調時間T1， 並且經過第一調整時間T1之後，時間控制電路14再輸出 保護信號S2至電源開關電路10。保護信號S2控制電源開 關電路10進入截止狀態，進而切斷該電源Vs，以達到過 電流延遲保護的目的。 另外，當負載電流1〇恢復正常時，過電流判斷電路 12會檢知到正常的負載電流1〇，負載電流1〇經判斷後， 過電流判斷電路12會輸出一個表示為正常電流的判斷結 果信號S1。此時，時間控制電路14係根據此判斷結果信 號S1，而延遲一第二可調時間T2，並且經過第二調整時間 T2之後，時間控制電路14再輸出恢復信號S3至電源開關 電路10。恢復信號S3用以控制電源開關電路10進入導通 201023469"Out of the fruit signal, delay - the first - adjustable time" 鱿, delay to the packet source switch circuit 'and according to the judgment result letter circuit. Attack the first adjustable time, and then output a recovery signal to the power switch negative lane ^ The overcurrent protection method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a hurricane, overcurrent protection, and the steps include: first, detecting a load current; ???h can determine that the load current exceeds - the preset current; then, delay After a second check, the load current is then cut off to the load. Next, after a second time, the current is cut, and it is judged that the load current does not exceed the preset current. However, the second adjustable time is delayed to restore the load current. Flowing to the load. As described in the above -, the overcurrent protection device and the method thereof of the present invention can be used to solve the problem of the conventional overcurrent = judgment. The overcurrent protection device of the present invention and the side thereof can also automatically resume the operation of the circuit after the overcurrent condition disappears. The above summary and the following detailed description are exemplary, and it is for him to further The scope of the invention is described in the following, and the objects and advantages of the present invention will be explained in the following description and drawings. [Embodiment] / Referring to the first figure, the first figure is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The function of the function is shown in Fig. 8. As shown in Fig. 1, the overcurrent protection device 1 of the present invention is connected to the power source Vs and a load 2, which is used to provide an overcurrent protection function to the load 2. The overcurrent protection device 1 includes a power switch circuit 10, an overcurrent determination circuit 12, and a time control circuit 14. The power switch circuit 10 is coupled to the power source Vs, the overcurrent determination circuit 12, and the time control circuit 14, The overcurrent judging circuit 12 is coupled to the load 2 and the time control circuit 14 in addition to the power switch circuit 10. Referring to the first figure, the power switch circuit 10 receives the power source Vs and sends it according to the time control circuit 14. A protection signal S2 or a recovery signal S3 is respectively turned off or turned on, thereby cutting or introducing the power source Vs to the overcurrent determination circuit 12. Meanwhile, the overcurrent determination circuit 1 2 is coupled between the power switch circuit 10 and the load, and is used for detecting a load current 1 流 flowing to the load 2, and determining the overcurrent according to the load current 1 ,, thereby outputting a judgment result signal S1 The time control circuit 14. When the determination result signal S1 is indicated as an overcurrent, the time control circuit 14 delays a first adjustable time T1 according to the determination result signal S1, and after the first adjustment time T1, the time control The circuit 14 then outputs the protection signal S2 to the power switch circuit 10. The protection signal S2 controls the power switch circuit 10 to enter an off state, thereby cutting off the power source Vs to achieve the purpose of overcurrent delay protection. In addition, when the load current 1〇 returns to normal When the overcurrent determination circuit 12 detects that the normal load current is 1 〇 and the load current 1 is judged, the overcurrent determination circuit 12 outputs a determination result signal S1 indicating that it is a normal current. At this time, the time control circuit 14 delays a second adjustable time T2 based on the determination result signal S1, and after the second adjustment time T2, the time control circuit 14 outputs the recovery signal S3 to the power supply switching circuit 10. The recovery signal S3 is used to control the power switch circuit 10 to enter the conduction 201023469
Vth(未裇示），並且輪出該判斷結果信號y。 復參考第-圖與第二圖。本發明的過電流保護裝置^ 中的，間控制電路14包括有一第一延遲單元14〇與一第二 延遲單元142。其中，第一延遲單元140㈣於比較單元 122 ’係根據判斷結果信號S1以延遲第一可調時間η。同 時，第一延遲單元142耦接於比較單元122，係根據判斷 結果信號S1，以延遲第二可調時間T2。前述的第一延遲單 參 元140與笫一延遲單元142在本發明中，係利用队延遲電 路作為實施例，然而，此實施例將不影響本發明的實際範 圍。 復參考第一圖與第二圖。本發明的過電流保護裝置1 的電源開關電路10係包括一主要電源開關q9，利用此主 要電源開關Q9切斷或導通該電源ys到負载2。前述的主 要電源開關Q9在本發明中’係採用—pm〇s開關作為實施 例，然而，此實施例將不影響本發明的實際範圍。 配合第一圖，參考第二圖。以下進行本發明的過電流 保護裝置1的動作的說明。當流到負載2的負載電流ι〇 201023469 知Q9導通’負載電流Io流過電流檢 的二端上建立 算放大器0ΡΑ的二。差動錢Δν被送人到一運 壤△ v而輸出-財？^端’運算放大器0ΡΑ根據差動電 及開_對電容crCs電源開關Q9、電阻R3 信號Vc。 ㈡充電，以在電容㈡上建立該電流檢知 υι的時’電流檢知信號Vc超過第一比較器 3 = 第―比較器U1將會送出一個低準位 =判斷結果㈣S1至時間㈣電路14。 斷結果信號 離，裁止的門關^通狀態’亚且’讓開關Q4進入截止狀 態。截止的開關Q4，讓第一延遲置- 延遲早兀140中的電阻R9舆 電合C4開始進订充電（charging)動作。經過一 r % ，間後’電容C4上的電壓Vcl超過1二比較器 定值，進而讓第二比較器U2送出1準位的信號s4，以 控制開關Q5、開關Q6進入導通狀態。 導通的開關Q6讓第二延遲單元142中的電阻Ri2盘 電容C5開始進行放電（discharging)動作。如此，建^ 在電容C5上的電壓W會低於1三比較器⑽的設定 值，進而讓第三比較H U3送出一高準位的信號S5，以控 制電源開關電路10中的開_、開闕Q8及主要電源開關 Q9進入截止狀態。 復配合第一圖，參考第二圖。當負載電流Ιο恢復正 常後’電流檢知單it 120中的電流檢知信號&會低於第— 201023469 比較器U1的設定值，此時，第一比較器υ 1將會送出一個 高準位（high level)的判斷結果信號S1至時間控制電路 14。高準位（high level)的判斷結果信號幻讓時間控制電 路14中的開關Q2、Q3進入截止狀態，並且，讓開關Q4 進入導通狀態。導通的開關Q4與電阻R8 ,係提供第一延 遲單元140中的電容C4快速進行放電（discharging)動 作。 電容C4快速放電後，電容C4上的電壓vcl會低於第 二比較器U2的設定值，進而讓第二比較器取送出高準位 的仏號S4，以控制開關Q5、開關Q6進入戴止狀雜:Vth (not shown), and the judgment result signal y is rotated. Refer to the first and second figures. The inter-control circuit 14 of the overcurrent protection device of the present invention includes a first delay unit 14A and a second delay unit 142. The first delay unit 140 (four) is delayed by the comparison unit 122 ′ according to the determination result signal S1 to delay the first adjustable time η. At the same time, the first delay unit 142 is coupled to the comparison unit 122 to delay the second adjustable time T2 according to the determination result signal S1. The first delay unit 140 and the first delay unit 142 described above utilize the team delay circuit as an embodiment in the present invention, however, this embodiment will not affect the actual range of the present invention. Refer to the first figure and the second figure. The power switch circuit 10 of the overcurrent protection device 1 of the present invention includes a main power switch q9 by which the power supply ys is turned off or turned on to the load 2. The aforementioned main power switch Q9 employs a -pm〇s switch as an embodiment in the present invention, however, this embodiment will not affect the actual scope of the present invention. With the first figure, refer to the second figure. The operation of the overcurrent protection device 1 of the present invention will be described below. When the load current flowing to the load 2 is 〇 〇 201023469, it is known that Q9 is turned on. The load current Io flows through the second end of the current check to establish the second of the amplifier 0ΡΑ. The differential money Δν was sent to a land △ v and output - wealth? The ^ terminal operational amplifier 0 ΡΑ is based on the differential power and the on-to-capacitor crCs power switch Q9 and the resistor R3 signal Vc. (2) Charging, when the current is detected on the capacitor (2), the current detection signal Vc exceeds the first comparator 3 = the first comparator U1 will send a low level = judgment result (4) S1 to time (four) circuit 14 . The result of the break is signaled, and the gate of the cutoff is turned off and the switch Q4 is turned off. The cut-off switch Q4 causes the first delay to be set - the resistor R9 兀 in the early 140 舆, and the C4 starts the charging operation. After a r%, the voltage Vcl on the capacitor C4 exceeds the value of the comparator, so that the second comparator U2 sends the signal s4 of the level 1 to control the switch Q5 and the switch Q6 to enter the conduction state. The turned-on switch Q6 causes the resistor Ri2 in the second delay unit 142 to start a discharging operation. In this way, the voltage W on the capacitor C5 is lower than the set value of the comparator (10), and the third comparison H U3 sends a high-level signal S5 to control the ON_ in the power switch circuit 10. The opening Q8 and the main power switch Q9 enter the cut-off state. For the first figure, refer to the second figure. When the load current Ιο returns to normal, the current detection signal & in the current detection unit it 120 will be lower than the setting value of the comparator U1 of the 201023469. At this time, the first comparator υ 1 will send a high-precision The result of the high level is signal S1 to the time control circuit 14. The high level decision result signal switches the switches Q2, Q3 in the time control circuit 14 to the off state, and causes the switch Q4 to enter the on state. The turned-on switch Q4 and the resistor R8 provide a fast discharging operation of the capacitor C4 in the first delay unit 140. After the capacitor C4 is rapidly discharged, the voltage vcl on the capacitor C4 will be lower than the set value of the second comparator U2, and then the second comparator can take the high-order nickname S4 to control the switch Q5 and the switch Q6 to enter the wearer. Miscellaneous:
卯觀止，以切斷電源VS到負截？ 文电你「幵j關 目的。 進而達到過電流保護的 截止的開關Q6’讓第二延遲單元142中的電 電容C5開始進行充電（charCTir^、 生過電流時，先延 綜上所述，本發明係可β在電路發 201023469 遲一段可調時間，再停止電路的工作，以避免過電流誤判 的情況發生。同時，本發明還可以在電流恢復正常時，自 動恢復電路的工作。 如此，本發明藉由調整過電流保護點觸發的延遲時 間，係可以有效解決傳統過電流誤判的情況發生。並且， 在過電流情況消失後，自動恢復電路的工作，係可以提高 電路的工作效率。 按，以上所述，僅為本發明最佳之具體實施例，惟本 Φ 發明之特徵並不偈限於此，任何熟悉該項技藝者在本發明 之領域内，可輕易思及之變化或修飾，皆可涵蓋在以下本 案之專利範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為本發明較佳實施例的功能方塊示意圖； 弟二圖為本發明較佳貫施例的電路不意圖；及 第三圖為本發明較佳實施例的測試波形示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 ⑩ 本發明： 過電流保護裝置1 電源開關電路10 過電流判斷電路12 時間控制電路14 負載2 電源Vs 負載電流I〇 判斷結果信號S1 11 201023469 保護信號S2 恢復信號S3 電流檢知單元120 比較單元122 第一延遲單元140 第二延遲單元142 電流檢知信號Vc卯 止, to cut off the power VS to negative cut? You can use the switch Q6' to reach the overcurrent protection cut-off to enable the capacitor C5 in the second delay unit 142 to start charging (charCTir^, when overcurrent is generated, firstly, The invention can adjust the time of the circuit in the circuit transmission 201023469, and then stop the operation of the circuit to avoid the occurrence of over-current misjudgment. At the same time, the invention can automatically resume the operation of the circuit when the current returns to normal. The invention can effectively solve the problem of the traditional overcurrent misjudgment by adjusting the delay time triggered by the overcurrent protection point. Moreover, after the overcurrent condition disappears, the operation of the automatic recovery circuit can improve the working efficiency of the circuit. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any one skilled in the art can easily change or modify it in the field of the present invention. The following is a description of the patent scope of the present invention. The first figure is a functional block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and a third diagram is a schematic diagram of a test waveform according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 The present invention: Overcurrent protection device 1 Power switch circuit 10 Overcurrent determination circuit 12 Time control circuit 14 Load 2 Power supply Vs Load current I〇 determination result signal S1 11 201023469 Protection signal S2 Recovery signal S3 Current detection unit 120 Comparison unit 122 First delay unit 140 Second delay unit 142 Current detection Signal Vc
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