201010509 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種具有定電流驅動器的發光二極體 燈泡，特別是指一種能使亮度維持穩定並能延長使用壽命 的能在寬幅電壓區間運作的發光二極體燈泡。 【先前技術】 近來南亮度發光二極體（Light Emitting Diode ;簡稱 LED)已經應用於汽車的照明領域，與傳統的照明燈相比， ❹ 發光二極體具有壽命長、發光效率佳、低耗能及點亮速度 快等優點；然而’若供應電流不穩定，將影響發光二極體 的亮度及壽命，嚴重時更會使其燒壞。 參閱圖1，由於發光二極體的光特性爲電流的函數，故 通常採用定電流源驅動控制亮度，目前發光二極體9的定 電流驅動電路8包括一電阻R1、一電阻R2及一二極體D1 ，主要是利用電阻Rl、R2將一輸入電壓vin分壓，並配合 二極體D1限制電流通過，最後產生一定電流Iud，該定電 β 流Led即是用來驅動發光二極體9的供應電流。 參閱圖1及圖2，圖1的定電流驅動電路8的供應電壓 Vin與輸出電流lled的關係曲線如圖2，由該關係曲線可知， 其導通輸出的定電流Iled隨著供應電壓Vin變化而變化。201010509 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a light-emitting diode lamp having a constant current driver, and particularly to a wide-amplitude voltage capable of maintaining brightness and extending service life. Light-emitting diode bulbs that operate in sections. [Prior Art] Recently, the Light Emitting Diode (LED) has been applied to the field of automotive lighting. Compared with the conventional lighting, the 发光 LED has a long life, good luminous efficiency, and low power consumption. The advantages of being able to illuminate quickly; however, 'if the supply current is unstable, it will affect the brightness and life of the LED, and in severe cases it will burn out. Referring to FIG. 1 , since the light characteristic of the light-emitting diode is a function of current, the constant current source is usually used to drive and control the brightness. Currently, the constant current driving circuit 8 of the light-emitting diode 9 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a second. The polar body D1 mainly divides an input voltage vin by the resistors R1 and R2, and limits the current through the diode D1, and finally generates a certain current Iud, which is used to drive the light-emitting diode. 9 supply current. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the relationship between the supply voltage Vin and the output current lled of the constant current driving circuit 8 of FIG. 1 is as shown in FIG. 2. From the relationship curve, the constant current Iled of the conduction output changes with the supply voltage Vin. Variety.
然而，以汽車電瓶的供電為例，正常的供應電壓Vin — 般是12V’但在充電時，其供應電壓Vin將可能會在一較寬 的電壓區間變動’例如若為12V至i6V的電壓區間，則輸 出電流lied會對應的在30mA-70mA的區間變動，低於12V 201010509 時’則電流lied過低不足以驅動發光二極體9發亮，因此可 知供應電壓vin即使有微弱的電壓變動，都會使得流經發光 二極體9的電流Iled有極大的變動，從而造成發光二極體9 亮度不穩定的現象。 【發明内容ΐ 因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種即使供應電壓有 大幅度變化也能維持穩定亮度的能在寬幅電壓區間運作的 發光二極體燈泡。 於是’本發明的發光二極體燈泡包含一受一電流源驅 動發亮的二極體發光元件，及一供應該電流源予該二極體 發光元件使其發亮的定電流騍動器。 該定電流顆動器具有一分壓電路、一駆動元件及一回 授電路。該分壓電路係對一直流電壓進行分壓而輸出一控 制電壓；該驅動元件受該控制電壓控制而產生一導通電流 ’該導通電流並作為供應該二極體發光元件之電流源；該 回授電路電性連接該分壓電路及該驅動元件，係對該控制 電壓調整後將其回授給驅動元件。 由於本發明之定電流驅動器所使用的驅動元件是受一 控制電壓控制而產生供應二極鳢發光元件之電流源，又搭 配分壓電路及回授電路來調整對於驅動元件的控制電壓， 因此’即使供應的直流電壓有很大的電壓變動，供應二極 體發光元件的電流也只會在微幅的範圍内變動，可使二極 體發光元件的亮度維持穩定並能延長使用壽命。 【實施方式】 201010509 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之二較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清 楚的呈現。在本發明被詳細描述之前，要注意的是，在以 下的說明内容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 參閱圖3’本發明能在寬幅電壓區間運作的發光二極體 燈泡之第一較佳實施例中，發光二極體燈泡具有一定電流 驅動器1能用以驅動一發光模組10，且定電流驅動器1電 性連接一電源電路11，該電源電路u轉換一外部電力2(如 β .一交流電源）為一直流電壓vcc以供應該定電流驅動器1， 由於此種交流轉直流（AC/DC)之電源電路u為現有技術且 並非本發明重點，在此不贅述其原理 該疋電流驅動器包含一分壓電路12、一驅動元件13、 一回授電路14及一限流元件μ。 發光模組10可以是一個二極體發光元件或數個二極體 發光元件之串聯或並聯組合之迴路，且其一端電性連接電 源電路11而另一端電性連接驅動元件丨3。 β 參閲圖3及圖4，分壓電路12包括並聯的一第一電阻 R!及一第三電阻R”分壓電路12接收電源電路u輸出之 直流電壓Vcc，以第一電阻Ri與第三電阻&分壓而輸出一 控制電壓vf給驅動元件13，限流元件（如：濟納二極體）15 則是與第一電阻心及第三電阻&並聯以限制電流通過。 本較佳實施例中，該驅動元件13是一半氧半場效電晶 體（MOSFET)元件，其汲極（D)電性連接發光模組1〇，其源 極（S)和閘極（G)之間係耦接該回授電路14，且其閘極電 201010509 性連接分壓電路12及回授電路14以取得控制電壓vf，由 於控制電壓Vf是作為MOSFET的輸入電壓VGS，又輸入電 壓vGS會令M0SFET導通而導通電流Id，驅動元件13可視 為受該控制電壓Vf控制而產生一導通電流ids，該導通電流However, taking the power supply of a car battery as an example, the normal supply voltage Vin is generally 12V'. However, when charging, the supply voltage Vin may vary over a wide voltage range, for example, if it is a voltage range of 12V to i6V. , the output current lied will change in the range of 30mA-70mA, and when it is lower than 12V 201010509, the current lied is too low to drive the LED 9 to be bright. Therefore, even if there is a slight voltage change in the supply voltage vin, The current Iled flowing through the light-emitting diode 9 is greatly changed, resulting in an unstable luminance of the light-emitting diode 9. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a light-emitting diode bulb that can operate in a wide voltage range even if the supply voltage is largely changed to maintain stable brightness. Thus, the light-emitting diode bulb of the present invention comprises a diode light-emitting element that is driven by a current source, and a constant current actuator that supplies the current source to the diode light-emitting element to illuminate. The constant current actuator has a voltage dividing circuit, a swaying element and a feedback circuit. The voltage dividing circuit divides the DC voltage to output a control voltage; the driving element is controlled by the control voltage to generate a conducting current 'the conducting current and serves as a current source for supplying the diode light emitting element; The feedback circuit is electrically connected to the voltage dividing circuit and the driving component, and the control voltage is adjusted and then fed back to the driving component. Since the driving element used in the constant current driver of the present invention is controlled by a control voltage to generate a current source for supplying the two-pole illuminating element, and the voltage dividing circuit and the feedback circuit are used to adjust the control voltage for the driving element, 'Even if the supplied DC voltage has a large voltage variation, the current supplied to the diode light-emitting element will only vary within a slight range, which will stabilize the brightness of the diode light-emitting element and prolong its service life. [Embodiment] 201010509 The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the accompanying drawings. Before the present invention is described in detail, it is noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. Referring to FIG. 3, in a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting diode bulb having a constant current driver 1 can be used to drive a light-emitting module 10, and The current driver 1 is electrically connected to a power circuit 11 that converts an external power 2 (such as β. an AC power source) into a DC voltage vcc to supply the constant current driver 1, due to such AC to DC (AC/ The power supply circuit u of DC) is prior art and is not the focus of the present invention. The principle of the present invention is not described herein. The current driver includes a voltage dividing circuit 12, a driving element 13, a feedback circuit 14, and a current limiting element μ. The light-emitting module 10 can be a diode or a combination of a plurality of diode light-emitting elements connected in series or in parallel, and one end thereof is electrically connected to the power source circuit 11 and the other end is electrically connected to the driving element 丨3. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the voltage dividing circuit 12 includes a first resistor R! and a third resistor R" in parallel. The voltage dividing circuit 12 receives the DC voltage Vcc output from the power circuit u to the first resistor Ri. And a third resistor & divides a voltage to output a control voltage vf to the driving element 13, the current limiting element (such as: Zener diode) 15 is connected in parallel with the first resistor core and the third resistor & In the preferred embodiment, the driving component 13 is a half-oxygen half field effect transistor (MOSFET) device, and the drain (D) is electrically connected to the light emitting module 1 〇, the source (S) and the gate (G). The feedback circuit 14 is coupled between the gate circuit and the gate circuit 101010 is connected to the voltage dividing circuit 12 and the feedback circuit 14 to obtain the control voltage vf. Since the control voltage Vf is used as the input voltage VGS of the MOSFET, it is input again. The voltage vGS turns on the MOSFET and turns on the current Id, and the driving component 13 can be regarded as being controlled by the control voltage Vf to generate an on current ids, the on current
Ids可作為供應發光模組10之電流源及供應回授電路14所 需的回授電流。 該回授電路14包括一第二電阻R2及一第四電阻r4， 第二電阻R2和第四電阻r4分別耦接驅動元件13的源極（s) 和閘極（G)，回授電路14的作用係根據驅動元件13輸出之 導通電流Ids調整控制電壓Vf並將其回授給驅動元件13， 也就是MOSFET的閘極（G)。 參閱圖4’在電路的設計上，若外部供應的直流電壓 Vcc是12V，發光模組1〇的壓降是3.2V、驅動元件13的壓 降是1_8V’及回授電路14的壓降是3.2V，則發光模組10 、驅動元件13及回授電路14的壓降總共是8.2V，然後設 計讓多出的電壓12V-9.2V==3.8V作為分壓電路12的壓降， 如此可由分壓電路12及回授電路14進行電壓分配，驅動 元件13能供應發光模組1〇穩定的電流源，即使直流電壓 Vcc有很大的電壓變動，因此供應二極體發光元件的電流也 只會在微幅的範圍内變動。 參閱圖3及圖5，本發明的定電流驅動器1在實際應用 時’當供應電壓Vcc在12V至16V左右的區間變動，定電 流驅動器1輸出的電流ID則由第二電阻r2控制大小，只會 在50mA-60mA的區間微幅變動，因此可使二極體發光元件 201010509 的亮度維持穩定並能延長使用壽命。 參閱圖6，本發明能在寬幅電壓區間運作的發光二極體 燈泡之第二較佳實施例中，定電流驅動器1除了包含第一 較佳實施例所述的電源電路11、分壓電路12、驅動元件i 3 、回授電路14及限流元件15之外，更包括一低壓差線性 穩壓器（Linear Low Dropout;簡稱LDO) 16，該低壓差線性 穩壓器16的作用除了可將回授電路12調整後的該控制電 壓Vf穩壓後輸出給驅動元件15，且可以結合脈波寬度調變 (PWM)控制功能，使得該定電流驅動器1的應用更為廣泛。 本發明的定電流驅動器1實際應用在二極體發光元件 的結果，其工作電流可以控制在7伏至16伏的範圍，對於 12伏的供應電壓十分有利，電流的限制控制也使得二極體 發光元件能穩定的操作並延長使用壽命。 歸納上述，本發明能在寬幅電壓區間運作的發光二極 體燈泡之驅動元件13產生的導通電流1〇除了作為供應二極 體發光元件之電流源，又搭配分壓電路12及回授電路Μ 來調整對於驅動元件13的控制電壓Vf，因此，即使供應的 電壓有很大的電壓變動，供應二極體發光元件的電流也只 會在微幅的範圍内變動，可使二極體發光元件的亮度維持 穩定並能延長使用壽命。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳 實施例而已，當不 月b以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 201010509 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一電路圖，說明目前發光二極體的定電流驅動 電路； 圖2是一電壓-電流曲線圖，說明目前發光二極體的定 電流驅動電路的供應電壓vin與輸出電流Iied的關係曲線； 圖3是一電路方塊圖，說明本發明能在寬幅電壓區間 運作的發光二極體燈泡之第一較佳實施例； 圖4是一電路圖，說明該第一較佳實施例的詳細電路 ❹ 圖5是一電壓-電流曲線圖，說明本發明發光二極體的 定電流驅動電路的供應電壓Vce與輸出電流Id的關係曲線 :及 圖6是一電路圖，說明本發明能在寬幅電壓區間運作 的發光二極體燈泡之第二較佳實施例。 附件：本發明「能在寬幅電壓區間運作的發光二極體 燈泡」實際成品的型錄。 ❹ 10 201010509 【主要元件符號說明】 〔習知〕 13.........驅動元件 8 ......... •定電流驅動電路 14.… ••…回授電路 〇 ......... フ W το 一 裡 m 1 j ' .....限流兀件 D1 ....... •二極體 2…… •…外部電力 Rl、R2 •電阻 Id… …··導通電流 lied....... •定電流 Ri....· •…第一電阻 Vin…… •輸入電壓 r2··.·· •…第二電阻 〔本創作〕 r3••… •…第三電阻 1 .......... -定電流驅動器 r4 …·. •…第四電阻 10......... •發光模組 Vf •…控制電壓 11......... •電源電路 Vcc.··· •…直流電壓 12......... 分壓電路 11The Ids can be used as a current source for supplying the illumination module 10 and a feedback current required for supplying the feedback circuit 14. The feedback circuit 14 includes a second resistor R2 and a fourth resistor r4. The second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor r4 are respectively coupled to the source (s) and the gate (G) of the driving component 13, and the feedback circuit 14 The function is to adjust the control voltage Vf according to the on-current Ids output from the driving element 13 and feed it back to the driving element 13, that is, the gate (G) of the MOSFET. Referring to FIG. 4', in the design of the circuit, if the externally supplied DC voltage Vcc is 12V, the voltage drop of the light-emitting module 1〇 is 3.2V, the voltage drop of the driving element 13 is 1_8V', and the voltage drop of the feedback circuit 14 is 3.2V, the voltage drop of the light-emitting module 10, the driving component 13 and the feedback circuit 14 is 8.2V in total, and then the voltage of 12V-9.2V==3.8V is designed as the voltage drop of the voltage dividing circuit 12. Thus, voltage distribution can be performed by the voltage dividing circuit 12 and the feedback circuit 14, and the driving element 13 can supply a stable current source of the light emitting module 1 , and even if the DC voltage Vcc has a large voltage variation, the diode light emitting element is supplied. The current will only vary within the range of the micro-amplitude. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, in the actual application, the constant current driver 1 of the present invention changes when the supply voltage Vcc is in the range of about 12V to 16V, and the current ID outputted by the constant current driver 1 is controlled by the second resistor r2. It will vary slightly from 50mA to 60mA, so the brightness of the diode light-emitting element 201010509 can be stabilized and the service life can be extended. Referring to FIG. 6, in a second preferred embodiment of the LED bulb capable of operating in a wide voltage range, the constant current driver 1 includes the power supply circuit 11 and the divided piezoelectric device according to the first preferred embodiment. The circuit 12, the driving component i 3 , the feedback circuit 14 and the current limiting component 15 further include a low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) 16, which functions as a low-dropout linear regulator 16 The control voltage Vf adjusted by the feedback circuit 12 can be regulated and output to the driving element 15, and can be combined with a pulse width modulation (PWM) control function, so that the application of the constant current driver 1 is more extensive. The constant current driver 1 of the present invention is actually applied to a diode light-emitting element, and its operating current can be controlled in the range of 7 volts to 16 volts, which is advantageous for a supply voltage of 12 volts, and the current limit control also makes the diode The illuminating element can operate stably and prolong its service life. In summary, the on-current 1〇 generated by the driving element 13 of the LED bulb capable of operating in a wide voltage range is used as a current source for supplying a diode light-emitting element, and is combined with a voltage dividing circuit 12 and feedback. The circuit Μ adjusts the control voltage Vf for the driving element 13, so that even if the supplied voltage has a large voltage variation, the current supplied to the diode light-emitting element changes only within a slight range, and the diode can be made. The brightness of the illuminating element remains stable and extends the life. However, the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the simple equivalent changes made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention. Modifications are still within the scope of the invention. 201010509 [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure 1 is a circuit diagram showing the current-sense drive circuit of the current LED; Figure 2 is a voltage-current graph showing the supply voltage of the current-sense drive circuit of the LED FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a first preferred embodiment of a light-emitting diode bulb capable of operating in a wide voltage range; FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating the first DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIG. 5 is a voltage-current graph illustrating the relationship between the supply voltage Vce of the constant current driving circuit of the light-emitting diode of the present invention and the output current Id: and FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating A second preferred embodiment of the LED bulb capable of operating in a wide voltage range. Attachment: A catalogue of the actual finished product of the "light-emitting diode bulb that can operate in a wide voltage range" of the present invention. ❹ 10 201010509 [Explanation of main component symbols] [Practical] 13......Drive element 8 ......... • Constant current drive circuit 14.... ••...Return circuit 〇 ......... フW το 一里 m 1 j ' ..... Current limiting element D1 ....... • Diode 2... •... External power Rl, R2 • Resistance Id...···On current lied....... • Constant current Ri....· •...first resistance Vin... • Input voltage r2··.··•...second resistance [this creation ] r3••... •...third resistor 1 ..... - constant current driver r4 ...·. •...fourth resistor 10......... •Lighting module Vf • ...control voltage 11......... •Power supply circuit Vcc.···•...DC voltage 12...... Voltage divider circuit 11