JP2006206001A - Led drive device, lighting system and luminaire - Google Patents

Led drive device, lighting system and luminaire Download PDF

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JP2006206001A
JP2006206001A JP2005024031A JP2005024031A JP2006206001A JP 2006206001 A JP2006206001 A JP 2006206001A JP 2005024031 A JP2005024031 A JP 2005024031A JP 2005024031 A JP2005024031 A JP 2005024031A JP 2006206001 A JP2006206001 A JP 2006206001A
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led
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voltage
circuit
led driving
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JP4500172B2 (en
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Haruo Nagase
春男 永瀬
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an LED drive device, a lighting system and a luminaire having a compact, inexpensive and simple configuration capable of reducing the thermal stress in an LED element and consistently irradiating light. <P>SOLUTION: An LED drive circuit 2 comprising a DC power source 1, an LED drive circuit 2, and an LED unit 3 consisting of a plurality of LED elements La connected in series performs the shifting operation to the output characteristic with the output power reduced if the detected value of the LED voltage Vf is reduced, reduces both the output voltage V2 and the LED current IL, and suppresses the heat generation of the LED element La. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、LED駆動装置、照明装置、照明器具に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an LED driving device, a lighting device, and a lighting fixture.

近年、白色のLED素子(発光ダイオード)の量産化が盛んに行なわれており、その用途も多様化している。車両の分野でも、車室内での活用や、高輝度化によるヘッドライトやデイタイムランニングランプの開発等が行なわれている。   In recent years, mass production of white LED elements (light emitting diodes) has been actively carried out, and their uses are diversified. In the field of vehicles, the use in the passenger compartment and the development of headlights and daytime running lamps with higher brightness are being carried out.

このようなLED素子は、白熱電球と比べて長寿命で応答性が速く、構造上コンパクトに実装でき、用途に応じてフィルタなしで様々な発光色を容易に実現できる。さらに、灯具等の照明器具に用いると、薄く立体的に実装できることによって、車のデザイン、形状に制限を与えない自由な設計が可能になる。   Such an LED element has a long life and quick response compared to an incandescent bulb, can be mounted compactly in structure, and can easily realize various emission colors without a filter depending on the application. Furthermore, when it is used for a lighting device such as a lamp, it can be mounted thinly and three-dimensionally, so that a free design that does not limit the design and shape of the vehicle is possible.

図10に従来のLED駆動装置を用いた照明装置の回路構成を示す。直列接続された複数のLED素子La,La,...からなるLEDユニット3は、直流電源1の電圧V1をLED駆動回路8で昇圧した直流電圧V2を印加されて駆動される。そして、LED駆動回路100は、低圧側の出力端に直列接続した抵抗101の両端電圧を出力電流として検出し、この電流検出値に基づいて出力電圧V2を可変して定電流制御している。(例えば、特許文献1参照)
特開2003−187614号公報
FIG. 10 shows a circuit configuration of a lighting device using a conventional LED driving device. A plurality of LED elements La, La,. . . The LED unit 3 is driven by applying a DC voltage V2 obtained by boosting the voltage V1 of the DC power source 1 by the LED driving circuit 8. The LED drive circuit 100 detects the voltage across the resistor 101 connected in series to the low-voltage output terminal as an output current, and performs constant current control by varying the output voltage V2 based on the detected current value. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
JP 2003-187614 A

上記従来例では、直流電源1の電圧V1が変動してもLED素子Laの駆動電流を定電流に保つことができる。しかし、周囲温度の変化や、LED素子Laの個体差による自己発熱の大小によってLED素子Laでの消費電力は変動する。消費電力が増加した場合は、LED素子Laでの発熱が大きくなり、過大な熱ストレスをLED素子Laに与えることになる。   In the above conventional example, the drive current of the LED element La can be kept constant even when the voltage V1 of the DC power supply 1 varies. However, the power consumption in the LED element La varies depending on the change in ambient temperature and the amount of self-heating caused by individual differences in the LED elements La. When the power consumption increases, the heat generated by the LED element La increases, and excessive thermal stress is applied to the LED element La.

特に、高輝度化、高出力化を図るLED素子Laの活用では駆動電流が大きく、LED素子La自体の発熱が大きい。この熱ストレスの低減は重要であり、従来、熱ストレスを低減するためにLED素子Laの放熱を考慮した実装が必要であった。また、LED素子Laの温度を検出して制御する方法もあるが、温度検出手段や、温度検出手段の周辺回路が複雑になる。   In particular, in the use of the LED element La that achieves high brightness and high output, the drive current is large and the LED element La itself generates a large amount of heat. Reduction of this thermal stress is important, and conventionally, mounting in consideration of heat dissipation of the LED element La has been required to reduce the thermal stress. Further, there is a method of detecting and controlling the temperature of the LED element La, but the temperature detection means and the peripheral circuit of the temperature detection means become complicated.

このように、LED素子La自体は小型であるが、放熱、温度検出等に必要な部材が大型化し、高価なものになっていた。   Thus, although LED element La itself is small, the members required for heat dissipation, temperature detection, etc. have become large and expensive.

本発明は、上記事由に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、小型、安価、簡易な構成でLED素子の熱ストレスを低減するとともに、光を安定して照射することができるLED駆動装置、照明装置、照明器具を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described reasons, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the thermal stress of the LED element with a small size, low cost, and a simple configuration, and to stably emit light. It is in providing a lighting device and a lighting fixture.

請求項1の発明は、直流電源と、直流電源から生成した所望の直流出力を出力端間に接続した複数のLED素子の直列回路に供給するLED駆動回路とを備え、LED駆動回路は、いずれか1つのLED素子の両端電圧に基づいて出力特性を変化させて、出力電力を所定範囲内に制御することを特徴とする。   The invention of claim 1 includes a DC power supply and an LED drive circuit that supplies a desired DC output generated from the DC power supply to a series circuit of a plurality of LED elements connected between output terminals. The output power is controlled within a predetermined range by changing the output characteristic based on the voltage across the one LED element.

この発明によれば、負荷であるLED素子を利用して、1つのLED素子の両端電圧に基づいて温度検出を行うので、専用の温度センサーを別に設ける必要がなく、構成の簡素化、小型化、低コスト化を図ることができる。また、LED素子の実質的な温度による精度のよいフィードバック制御を行なうので、高い信頼性を得ることができる。さらに、LED素子の両端電圧が変化した場合に所定範囲内で出力制御するので、過電力、過電流を防止して、LED素子の熱ストレスが過大になることなく、安定した光出力を確保できる。また必要以上の電力消費がないので、長寿命化、高効率化を図ることができる。すなわち、小型、安価、簡易な構成でLED素子の熱ストレスを低減するとともに、光を安定して照射することができる。   According to the present invention, since the temperature is detected based on the voltage across one LED element using the LED element as a load, there is no need to provide a separate temperature sensor, and the configuration is simplified and miniaturized. Cost reduction can be achieved. In addition, since high-precision feedback control based on the substantial temperature of the LED element is performed, high reliability can be obtained. Furthermore, since the output control is performed within a predetermined range when the voltage across the LED element changes, it is possible to prevent overpower and overcurrent, and to ensure stable light output without excessive thermal stress of the LED element. . In addition, since there is no power consumption more than necessary, it is possible to extend the life and increase the efficiency. That is, it is possible to reduce the thermal stress of the LED element with a small size, low cost, and simple configuration and to irradiate light stably.

請求項2の発明は、請求項1において、前記LED駆動回路は昇圧回路で構成されることを特徴とする。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the LED driving circuit includes a booster circuit.

この発明によれば、複数のLED素子を接続することにより、直流電源から供給される電圧以上の出力電圧が必要になった場合であっても、十分な出力電圧を供給することができる。   According to the present invention, by connecting a plurality of LED elements, a sufficient output voltage can be supplied even when an output voltage higher than the voltage supplied from the DC power supply is required.

請求項3の発明は、請求項1または2において、前記LED駆動回路の出力端間に接続した複数の抵抗の直列回路で構成されて、LED駆動回路の出力電圧を分圧した電圧検出値を出力する出力電圧検出部と、LED駆動回路の出力端に直列接続した抵抗で構成されて、抵抗に発生する電圧を電流検出値として出力する出力電流検出部とを備え、LED駆動回路は、電圧検出値と電流検出値とに基づいて出力を制御することを特徴とする。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a voltage detection value obtained by dividing the output voltage of the LED driving circuit, comprising a series circuit of a plurality of resistors connected between the output terminals of the LED driving circuit. An output voltage detection unit that outputs and an output current detection unit that includes a resistor connected in series to the output terminal of the LED drive circuit and outputs a voltage generated in the resistor as a current detection value. The output is controlled based on the detected value and the detected current value.

この発明によれば、出力電圧検出および出力電流検出を簡単な構成で行なうことができる。   According to the present invention, output voltage detection and output current detection can be performed with a simple configuration.

請求項4の発明は、請求項1乃至3いずれかにおいて、前記LED駆動回路は、フライバックトランスを用いて前記直流電源から所望の直流出力を生成することを特徴とする。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the LED driving circuit generates a desired DC output from the DC power source using a flyback transformer.

この発明によれば、LED駆動回路を昇降圧回路で構成することができ、入力電圧を昇圧あるいは降圧した電圧、または入力電圧と同電圧の出力を得ることができる。   According to the present invention, the LED drive circuit can be constituted by a step-up / step-down circuit, and a voltage obtained by boosting or stepping down the input voltage or an output having the same voltage as the input voltage can be obtained.

請求項5の発明は、請求項3または4において、前記LED駆動回路は、スイッチングすることで所望の直流出力を生成するスイッチング素子と、前記電圧検出値に基づいて基準値を生成する基準値生成部と、前記電流検出値と基準値とに基づいてスイッチング素子をPWM制御するPWM制御部とを備えることを特徴とする。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect, the LED driving circuit generates a desired DC output by switching, and a reference value generation that generates a reference value based on the voltage detection value. And a PWM control unit that PWM-controls the switching element based on the detected current value and the reference value.

この発明によれば、LED駆動回路の出力に応じてスイッチング素子をPWM制御することができ、LED駆動回路の出力を精度よく制御できる。   According to the present invention, the switching element can be PWM-controlled according to the output of the LED drive circuit, and the output of the LED drive circuit can be controlled with high accuracy.

請求項6の発明は、照明装置は、請求項1乃至5いずれか記載のLED駆動装置と、該LED駆動装置によって駆動される複数のLED素子の直列回路とを備えることを特徴とする。   According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, an illumination device includes the LED driving device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, and a series circuit of a plurality of LED elements driven by the LED driving device.

この発明によれば、請求項1のLED駆動装置と同様の効果を奏し得る照明装置を提供することができる。   According to this invention, the illuminating device which can have the same effect as the LED drive device of Claim 1 can be provided.

請求項7の発明は、照明器具は、請求項6記載の照明装置を備えることを特徴とする。   According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a lighting fixture includes the lighting device according to the sixth aspect.

この発明によれば、請求項6の照明装置と同様の効果を奏し得る照明器具を提供することができる。   According to this invention, the lighting fixture which can show | play the effect similar to the illuminating device of Claim 6 can be provided.

以上説明したように、本発明では、小型、安価、簡易な構成でLED素子の熱ストレスを低減することができるという効果がある。   As described above, the present invention has an effect that the thermal stress of the LED element can be reduced with a small size, low cost, and a simple configuration.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(実施形態1)
図1は、本実施形態のLED駆動装置8を用いた照明装置7の回路構成を示し、バッテリー等の直流電源1と、LED駆動回路2と、直列接続された複数のLED素子La,La,...からなるLEDユニット3とで構成される。なお、直流電源1として図2に示すように、交流電源10の出力を整流、平滑する整流器11、コンデンサ12で構成してもよい。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a circuit configuration of an illuminating device 7 using the LED driving device 8 of the present embodiment, and includes a DC power source 1 such as a battery, an LED driving circuit 2, and a plurality of LED elements La, La, . . . It is comprised with the LED unit 3 which consists of. As shown in FIG. 2, the DC power supply 1 may include a rectifier 11 and a capacitor 12 that rectify and smooth the output of the AC power supply 10.

LED駆動回路2は、直流電源1の電圧V1を所望の出力電圧V2に変換して複数のLED素子La,La,...の直列回路両端に印加して、各LED素子Laを駆動する。この出力電圧V2は、LEDユニット3の両端電圧でもある。そして、低圧側の出力端に接続された1つのLED素子Laの両端電圧(LED電圧)VfをLED駆動回路2にフィードバックし、LED駆動回路2は、このLED電圧Vfに基づいて出力制御している。   The LED drive circuit 2 converts the voltage V1 of the DC power source 1 into a desired output voltage V2 to generate a plurality of LED elements La, La,. . . Are applied to both ends of the series circuit to drive each LED element La. This output voltage V2 is also the voltage across the LED unit 3. The voltage across both ends (LED voltage) Vf of one LED element La connected to the output terminal on the low voltage side is fed back to the LED drive circuit 2, and the LED drive circuit 2 performs output control based on the LED voltage Vf. Yes.

以下、LED駆動回路2の出力制御について説明する。図3は、LED素子Laの温度に対するLED電圧Vfの変化をグラフに表したもので、LED素子Laの温度が上昇するとLED電圧Vfは低下していく。   Hereinafter, output control of the LED drive circuit 2 will be described. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change of the LED voltage Vf with respect to the temperature of the LED element La. When the temperature of the LED element La rises, the LED voltage Vf decreases.

図4は、LED駆動回路2の出力電圧V2とLED電流ILの特性を示したグラフであり、特性YLaはLEDユニット3の電圧−電流特性、特性YpはLED駆動回路2の出力特性を示しており、特性YLaと特性Ypとの交点が動作点Aとなり、動作点Aでの出力電圧V2typとLED電流ILtypとの積がLED駆動回路2の出力電力になる。この出力電圧V2typおよびLED電流ILtypは定常時の代表的な値であり、特性Ypにおける出力電圧V2の上限値,下限値は電圧V2H,V2Lとなり、LED電流ILの上限値,下限値はILH,ILLとなる。   FIG. 4 is a graph showing the characteristics of the output voltage V2 and the LED current IL of the LED drive circuit 2, the characteristic YLa is the voltage-current characteristic of the LED unit 3, and the characteristic Yp is the output characteristic of the LED drive circuit 2. The intersection of the characteristic YLa and the characteristic Yp becomes the operating point A, and the product of the output voltage V2typ and the LED current ILtyp at the operating point A becomes the output power of the LED drive circuit 2. The output voltage V2typ and the LED current ILtyp are typical values in a steady state, and the upper limit value and lower limit value of the output voltage V2 in the characteristic Yp are voltages V2H and V2L. The upper limit value and lower limit value of the LED current IL are ILH, ILL.

そして、LED素子Laの温度が上昇するとLED電圧Vfが低下するので、LEDユニット3の電圧−電流特性は出力電圧V2が低下する方向にシフトした特性YLa’となる。しかし、LED駆動回路2の出力特性がLED電圧Vfに関わらず特性Ypである場合は、動作点Bとなり、LED電流ILは増加し、LED素子La,La,...の発熱量も増加する。すると、LED素子La,La,...の温度がさらに上昇して、LED電圧Vfがさらに低下し、LED電流ILはさらに増加して、LED素子La,La,...の発熱量もさらに増加するという悪循環に陥ってしまう。   Since the LED voltage Vf decreases as the temperature of the LED element La rises, the voltage-current characteristic of the LED unit 3 becomes a characteristic YLa ′ shifted in the direction in which the output voltage V2 decreases. However, when the output characteristic of the LED drive circuit 2 is the characteristic Yp regardless of the LED voltage Vf, the operating point B is reached, the LED current IL increases, and the LED elements La, La,. . . The amount of heat generated increases. Then, the LED elements La, La,. . . , The LED voltage Vf further decreases, the LED current IL further increases, and the LED elements La, La,. . . It will fall into the vicious circle that the calorific value of will increase further.

そこで、LED駆動回路2は、LED電圧Vfの検出値が低下した場合、その出力特性を特性Ypより出力電力が低下した特性Yp’にシフトする動作を行い、出力電圧V2、LED電流ILともに動作点Aより低下した出力電圧V2typ’、LED電流ILtyp’の動作点Cで動作する。したがって、LEDユニット3での消費電力が抑えられて、LED素子Laの発熱量は減少し、上記悪循環に陥ることは防止される。   Therefore, when the detected value of the LED voltage Vf decreases, the LED drive circuit 2 performs an operation of shifting the output characteristic to the characteristic Yp ′ in which the output power is reduced from the characteristic Yp, and both the output voltage V2 and the LED current IL operate. The operation is performed at the operating point C of the output voltage V2typ ′ and the LED current ILtyp ′ lower than the point A. Therefore, the power consumption in the LED unit 3 is suppressed, the amount of heat generated by the LED element La is reduced, and the above-described vicious circle is prevented.

このように、負荷であるLED素子Laを利用して温度検出を行うので、専用の温度センサーを別に設ける必要がなく、構成の簡素化、小型化、低コスト化を図ることができる。   Thus, since temperature detection is performed using the LED element La as a load, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated temperature sensor separately, and the configuration can be simplified, downsized, and reduced in cost.

また、LED素子Laの温度に応じて変化するLED電圧Vfに基づいてLEDユニット3に供給する電力を制御することで、LED素子Laの実質的な温度による精度のよいフィードバック制御を行なうことができ、高い信頼性を得ることができる。   Further, by controlling the power supplied to the LED unit 3 based on the LED voltage Vf that changes according to the temperature of the LED element La, it is possible to perform accurate feedback control based on the substantial temperature of the LED element La. High reliability can be obtained.

また、LED電圧Vfが変化した場合に、LED素子Laの許容電力範囲内で出力制御するので、過電力、過電流を防止して、LED素子Laの熱ストレスが過大になることなく、安定した光出力を確保でき、また必要以上の電力消費がないので、長寿命化、高効率化を図ることができる。   In addition, when the LED voltage Vf changes, output control is performed within the allowable power range of the LED element La, so that overpower and overcurrent are prevented and the thermal stress of the LED element La does not become excessive and is stable. Since the optical output can be secured and the power consumption is not more than necessary, it is possible to extend the life and increase the efficiency.

さらに、LED駆動回路2の出力特性、および出力特性のシフト動作は、各LED素子LaのLED電圧Vf等の特性ばらつきを考慮して設定されるので、LED素子Laの選別等の特性ばらつきを抑えるための工程は必要なく、LED素子La単体のコストアップを抑えることができる。   Furthermore, since the output characteristics of the LED drive circuit 2 and the shift operation of the output characteristics are set in consideration of characteristic variations such as the LED voltage Vf of each LED element La, characteristic variations such as selection of the LED elements La are suppressed. Therefore, the cost increase of the LED element La alone can be suppressed.

なお、LEDユニット3には3〜数十個程度のLED素子Laを直列接続しているが、この数は用途に応じて任意に設定すればよく、LED素子Laの組み合わせによって出力電圧V2は異なる。   In addition, although about 3 to several tens of LED elements La are connected in series to the LED unit 3, this number may be arbitrarily set according to the application, and the output voltage V2 varies depending on the combination of the LED elements La. .

また、LED素子Laの種類によって、図3に示すLED素子Laの温度に対するLED電圧Vfの変化は異なるが、実際は使用するLED素子Laの特性に合わせて出力特性をシフトさせればよい。   Further, although the change in the LED voltage Vf with respect to the temperature of the LED element La shown in FIG. 3 differs depending on the type of the LED element La, in practice, the output characteristics may be shifted in accordance with the characteristics of the LED element La to be used.

(実施形態2)
図5は、本実施形態のLED駆動装置8を用いた照明装置7の回路構成を示し、基本的な構成は実施形態1と同様であり、同様の構成には同一の符号を付して説明は省略する。
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 shows a circuit configuration of the illumination device 7 using the LED driving device 8 of the present embodiment. The basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and described. Is omitted.

LED駆動回路2の出力には、出力端間に接続した抵抗40,41の直列回路からなる出力電圧検出部4が設けられ、出力電圧V2を抵抗40,41で分圧した接続中点電圧を、出力電圧検出値として出力する。   The output of the LED drive circuit 2 is provided with an output voltage detection unit 4 composed of a series circuit of resistors 40 and 41 connected between output terminals, and a connection midpoint voltage obtained by dividing the output voltage V2 by the resistors 40 and 41 is provided. And output as an output voltage detection value.

LED駆動回路2は昇圧回路で構成されており、高電圧側の入出力端間に接続されたインダクタ201とダイオード202との直列回路と、インダクタ201を介して直流電源1に並列接続されたFET、トランジスタ等のスイッチング素子203と、ダイオード202を介してスイッチング素子203に並列接続されたコンデンサ204と、LED電圧Vfの検出値、および出力電圧検出部4からの出力電圧検出値に基づいてスイッチング素子203のスイッチング動作を制御する昇圧制御部205とから構成され、直流電源1の電圧V1=12Vを出力電圧V2=24Vに昇圧している。   The LED drive circuit 2 is composed of a booster circuit, a series circuit of an inductor 201 and a diode 202 connected between the input and output terminals on the high voltage side, and an FET connected in parallel to the DC power source 1 via the inductor 201. A switching element 203 such as a transistor, a capacitor 204 connected in parallel to the switching element 203 via a diode 202, a detection value of the LED voltage Vf, and an output voltage detection value from the output voltage detection unit 4 The boosting control unit 205 controls the switching operation 203, and boosts the voltage V1 = 12V of the DC power supply 1 to the output voltage V2 = 24V.

本実施形態においても、実施形態1と同様に、昇圧制御部205は、LED素子Laの温度に応じて変化するLED電圧Vfに基づいて出力特性をシフトさせ、この出力特性に応じてスイッチング素子203のスイッチングを制御してLEDユニット3に供給する電力を制御している。さらに、昇圧制御部205は、上記実施形態と同様の制御に付加して、出力電圧検出部4からの出力電圧検出値に基づいてスイッチング素子203のスイッチング動作を制御して出力電圧V2を目標電圧に一致させるフィードバック制御を行なっており、さらに精度の高い出力制御が可能になる。   Also in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the boost control unit 205 shifts the output characteristic based on the LED voltage Vf that changes according to the temperature of the LED element La, and the switching element 203 according to the output characteristic. Is controlled to control the power supplied to the LED unit 3. Further, the boost control unit 205 adds to the same control as in the above embodiment, controls the switching operation of the switching element 203 based on the output voltage detection value from the output voltage detection unit 4, and sets the output voltage V2 to the target voltage. The feedback control is performed so as to match the above, and output control with higher accuracy becomes possible.

また、LED駆動回路2を昇圧回路で構成することで、LEDユニット3に多数のLED素子La,La,...の直列回路を接続して、直流電源1の電圧V1以上の出力電圧V2が必要になった場合でも、全てのLED素子Laを駆動するのに十分な出力電圧V2を得ることができる。   Further, by configuring the LED drive circuit 2 with a booster circuit, the LED unit 3 has a large number of LED elements La, La,. . . Even when the output voltage V2 equal to or higher than the voltage V1 of the DC power supply 1 is necessary, an output voltage V2 sufficient to drive all the LED elements La can be obtained.

(実施形態3)
図6は、本実施形態のLED駆動回路2の出力側の回路構成を示しており、実施形態2のLED駆動回路2の低圧側の出力端に抵抗を直列接続して出力電流検出部5を構成し、LED電流ILによって発生する出力電流検出部5の両端電圧を出力電流検出値として、昇圧制御部205に入力している。
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 shows a circuit configuration on the output side of the LED drive circuit 2 of the present embodiment. A resistor is connected in series to the output terminal on the low voltage side of the LED drive circuit 2 of the second embodiment, and the output current detection unit 5 is connected. The voltage across the output current detection unit 5 generated by the LED current IL is input to the boost control unit 205 as an output current detection value.

そして、昇圧制御部205は、実施形態2の制御に付加して、出力電流検出部5からの出力電流検出値に基づいてスイッチング素子203のスイッチング動作を制御して付加電流ILを目標電流に一致させるフィードバック制御を行なっており、さらに精度の高い出力制御が可能になる。   In addition to the control of the second embodiment, the boost control unit 205 controls the switching operation of the switching element 203 based on the output current detection value from the output current detection unit 5 to match the additional current IL with the target current. Feedback control is performed, and output control with higher accuracy becomes possible.

(実施形態4)
図7は、本実施形態のLED駆動装置8を用いた照明装置7の回路構成を示し、基本的な構成は実施形態1と同様であり、同様の構成には同一の符号を付して説明は省略する。
(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 7 shows a circuit configuration of the illumination device 7 using the LED drive device 8 of the present embodiment, the basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same configuration is denoted by the same reference numerals and described. Is omitted.

LED駆動回路2の出力には、出力端間に接続した抵抗40,41の直列回路からなる出力電圧検出部4が設けられ、出力電圧V2を抵抗40,41で分圧した接続中点電圧を、出力電圧検出値として出力する。   The output of the LED drive circuit 2 is provided with an output voltage detection unit 4 composed of a series circuit of resistors 40 and 41 connected between output terminals, and a connection midpoint voltage obtained by dividing the output voltage V2 by the resistors 40 and 41 is provided. And output as an output voltage detection value.

さらに、LED駆動回路2の低圧側の出力端に抵抗を直列接続して出力電流検出部5を構成し、LED電流ILによって発生する出力電流検出部5の両端電圧を出力電流検出値として出力する。   Further, a resistor is connected in series to the output terminal on the low voltage side of the LED drive circuit 2 to configure the output current detector 5, and the voltage across the output current detector 5 generated by the LED current IL is output as an output current detection value. .

LED駆動回路2はフライバックトランス206を用いた昇降圧回路で構成されており、昇降圧主回路部200と、昇降圧制御部210とを備える。   The LED drive circuit 2 includes a step-up / step-down circuit using a flyback transformer 206, and includes a step-up / step-down main circuit unit 200 and a step-up / down control unit 210.

昇降圧主回路部200は、入力端間に接続されたトランス206の一次巻線206aとFETやトランジスタ等のスイッチング素子203との直列回路と、出力端間に接続されたダイオード202とトランス206の二次巻線206bとの直列回路およびコンデンサ204とから構成され、一次巻線206aの低圧側端部は、スイッチング素子203を介して二次巻線206bの低圧側端部に接続している。また、直流電源1の高圧側出力端と昇降圧主回路部200の高圧側入力端との間には、昇降圧主回路部200の入力をオン・オフするスイッチSWが挿入されている。   The step-up / step-down main circuit unit 200 includes a series circuit of a primary winding 206a of a transformer 206 connected between input terminals and a switching element 203 such as an FET or a transistor, and a diode 202 and a transformer 206 connected between output terminals. The circuit is composed of a series circuit with the secondary winding 206 b and a capacitor 204, and the low voltage side end of the primary winding 206 a is connected to the low voltage side end of the secondary winding 206 b through the switching element 203. Further, a switch SW for turning on / off the input of the step-up / step-down main circuit unit 200 is inserted between the high-voltage side output end of the DC power supply 1 and the high-voltage side input end of the step-up / step-down main circuit unit 200.

昇降圧制御部210は、増幅回路部211と、PWM制御部215と、基準値生成回路216と、ドライバ回路217と、制御電源218とから構成され、増幅回路部211は、出力電圧検出部4からの出力電圧検出値、LED電圧Vfの検出値、出力電流検出部5からの出力電流検出値を各々増幅するアンプ212,213,214を備えており、LED電圧Vfの検出値、出力電圧検出値、出力電流検出値に基づいてスイッチング素子203のスイッチング動作を制御する。制御電源218は、昇降圧制御部210を動作させるための電源であり、直流電源1から電圧V1が供給される。   The step-up / down control unit 210 includes an amplification circuit unit 211, a PWM control unit 215, a reference value generation circuit 216, a driver circuit 217, and a control power supply 218. The amplification circuit unit 211 includes the output voltage detection unit 4. Are provided with amplifiers 212, 213 and 214 for amplifying the detected output voltage value of LED, the detected value of LED voltage Vf, and the detected output current value of output current detector 5, respectively. The switching operation of the switching element 203 is controlled based on the value and the output current detection value. The control power source 218 is a power source for operating the step-up / step-down control unit 210, and the voltage V 1 is supplied from the DC power source 1.

そして、スイッチング素子203がオンになると、直流電源1−一次巻線206a−スイッチング素子203−直流電源1の閉回路で電流が流れ、トランス206にエネルギーが蓄積される。次に、スイッチング素子203がオフになると、このエネルギーが、二次巻線206b−ダイオード202−コンデンサ204−二次巻線206bの閉回路で放出され、コンデンサ204が充電される。このとき二次巻線206bに誘起した電圧はダイオード202で整流された後、コンデンサ204で平滑される。コンデンサ204の両端電圧は直流電源1の電圧V1を昇圧あるいは降圧した電圧、または電圧V1と同電圧になり、スイッチング素子203を高周波でオン・オフすることで、電圧V1の値に関わらず安定した電圧が生成される。このコンデンサ204の充電電荷が出力電圧V2及びLED電流I2としてLEDユニット3に供給される。   When the switching element 203 is turned on, current flows in a closed circuit of the DC power source 1 -primary winding 206 a -switching element 203 -DC power source 1, and energy is accumulated in the transformer 206. Next, when the switching element 203 is turned off, this energy is released in the closed circuit of the secondary winding 206b-diode 202-capacitor 204-secondary winding 206b, and the capacitor 204 is charged. At this time, the voltage induced in the secondary winding 206 b is rectified by the diode 202 and then smoothed by the capacitor 204. The voltage across the capacitor 204 is a voltage obtained by stepping up or down the voltage V1 of the DC power supply 1, or the same voltage as the voltage V1. The switching element 203 is turned on and off at a high frequency, and is stable regardless of the value of the voltage V1. A voltage is generated. The charge of the capacitor 204 is supplied to the LED unit 3 as the output voltage V2 and the LED current I2.

本実施形態では、アンプ212を介して入力される出力電圧検出値に基づいて動作モードの切り替えを行う。ここで、動作モードとは、(1)スイッチSWをオンに切り替えたスタート時に、LED駆動回路2からLEDユニット3に対して電力を急激に供給しないで、徐々に供給する制御を行うスタートモード、(2)出力電圧V2が上限値以下且つ下限値以上の範囲内であるとき、アンプ213を介して入力されるLED電圧Vfの検出値に基づいて、実施形態1と同様にLED駆動回路2の出力特性をシフトし、この出力特性に沿ってドライバ回路217にスイッチング素子203を駆動させる定常時モード、(3)出力電圧V2が上限値を超えて上昇すると、出力電圧V2及びLED電流ILの供給を停止する過電圧制御モード、(4)出力電圧V2が下限値を超えて低下すると、LED電流ILを一定値に維持する制御を行う過電流制御モードである。   In the present embodiment, the operation mode is switched based on the output voltage detection value input via the amplifier 212. Here, the operation mode is (1) a start mode in which control is performed to gradually supply power without suddenly supplying power from the LED drive circuit 2 to the LED unit 3 at the start when the switch SW is turned on. (2) When the output voltage V2 is in the range of the upper limit value or less and the lower limit value or more, the LED drive circuit 2 of the LED drive circuit 2 is based on the detected value of the LED voltage Vf input through the amplifier 213 as in the first embodiment. A steady mode in which the output characteristic is shifted and the driver circuit 217 drives the switching element 203 along the output characteristic. (3) When the output voltage V2 rises above the upper limit, supply of the output voltage V2 and the LED current IL (4) An overcurrent control mode for controlling the LED current IL to a constant value when the output voltage V2 falls below the lower limit value. In degrees.

まず、基準値生成回路216は、タイマー部(図示せず)を備え、アンプ212を介して入力される出力電圧検出値に基づいてモードの切り替えを行うとともに基準値を生成し、この基準値をPWM制御部215に出力する。   First, the reference value generation circuit 216 includes a timer unit (not shown), switches the mode based on the output voltage detection value input via the amplifier 212, generates a reference value, and generates the reference value. Output to the PWM control unit 215.

PWM制御部215は、基準値生成回路部216で切り替えられたモード、基準値、およびアンプ214を介して入力される出力電流検出値に応じて、スイッチング素子203のオンデューティを設定するためのパルス幅変調信号を生成し、このパルス幅変調信号をドライバ回路217に出力する。   The PWM control unit 215 is a pulse for setting the on-duty of the switching element 203 according to the mode switched by the reference value generation circuit unit 216, the reference value, and the output current detection value input via the amplifier 214. A width modulation signal is generated, and this pulse width modulation signal is output to the driver circuit 217.

ドライバ回路217は、PWM制御部215からのパルス幅変調信号のオン期間に、駆動信号をスイッチ素子203に出力する。   The driver circuit 217 outputs a drive signal to the switch element 203 during the ON period of the pulse width modulation signal from the PWM control unit 215.

また、上記(3)定常時モードにおいてPWM制御部215は、アンプ213を介して入力されるLED電圧Vfの検出値に基づいて実施形態1と同様にLED駆動回路2の出力特性を決定しており、上記パルス幅変調信号の生成は、この出力特性に沿って行なわれる。   In the above (3) steady-state mode, the PWM control unit 215 determines the output characteristics of the LED drive circuit 2 based on the detected value of the LED voltage Vf input through the amplifier 213 as in the first embodiment. The generation of the pulse width modulation signal is performed along this output characteristic.

(実施形態5)
図8は、本実施形態のLED駆動装置8を用いた照明装置7の回路構成を示し、基本的な構成は実施形態4と同様であり、同様の構成には同一の符号を付して説明は省略する。
(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 8 shows a circuit configuration of the illumination device 7 using the LED driving device 8 of the present embodiment. The basic configuration is the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and described. Is omitted.

本実施形態では、LED駆動回路2の昇降圧制御部210にマイコン230を用いており、マイコン230は、PWM制御部215、基準値生成回路216、誤算演算部219、ドライバ信号生成部220を構成する。ここでPWM制御部215、基準値生成回路216は、実施形態4と同様の機能を有する。そして、誤算演算部219は、基準値生成回路216からの基準値と、アンプ214を介して入力される出力電流検出値とに基づく演算結果をPWM制御部215に出力する。PWM制御部215は、この演算結果、およびLED電圧Vfの検出値、出力電圧検出値に基づいてパルス幅変調信号を生成し、ドライバ信号生成部220は、PWM制御部215からのパルス幅変調信号に応じてドライバ信号を生成して、ドライバ回路217はこのドライバ信号に応じてスイッチング素子203(図7参照)を駆動する。   In this embodiment, the microcomputer 230 is used for the step-up / step-down control unit 210 of the LED drive circuit 2, and the microcomputer 230 constitutes a PWM control unit 215, a reference value generation circuit 216, an error calculation operation unit 219, and a driver signal generation unit 220. To do. Here, the PWM control unit 215 and the reference value generation circuit 216 have the same functions as those in the fourth embodiment. Then, the miscalculation calculation unit 219 outputs a calculation result based on the reference value from the reference value generation circuit 216 and the output current detection value input via the amplifier 214 to the PWM control unit 215. The PWM control unit 215 generates a pulse width modulation signal based on the calculation result, the detected value of the LED voltage Vf, and the detected output voltage value, and the driver signal generation unit 220 receives the pulse width modulation signal from the PWM control unit 215. In response to the driver signal, the driver circuit 217 drives the switching element 203 (see FIG. 7) in response to the driver signal.

実施形態4では昇降圧制御部210をアナログ回路で構成したが、本実施形態ではマイコン230を用いて各機能をソフトウェアで処理しているので、より細かな制御を行なうことができる。   In the fourth embodiment, the step-up / step-down control unit 210 is configured by an analog circuit. However, in the present embodiment, since each function is processed by software using the microcomputer 230, finer control can be performed.

(実施形態6)
図9は、実施形態1乃至5の照明装置を用いた照明器具の断面構成を示す。この照明器具は、例えば、車内に設けられている車内用照明灯、前照灯、補助灯等の車載用照明器具、室内用照明器具、又は表示器具等であり、図9に示すように、灯具6と、照明装置7とを備えている。
(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a lighting fixture using the lighting device according to the first to fifth embodiments. This luminaire is, for example, an in-vehicle illuminator, an in-vehicle illuminator such as a headlamp, an auxiliary lamp, an indoor illuminator, or a display luminaire provided in the vehicle, as shown in FIG. A lamp 6 and a lighting device 7 are provided.

灯具6は、車内の上面CBに接しているボディ60と、上記ボディ60に嵌合するカバー61と、レンズ体62とを備えている。ボディ60は、例えば絶縁性の樹脂成形により、円状に形成されている底部600と、底部600の外周縁から下方に延設されている円筒部601とを一体に備えている。上記ボディ60は、レンズ体62及びLEDユニット3を着脱自在に収納している。カバー61は、例えば絶縁性の樹脂成形により、円状に形成されている底部610と、底部610の外周縁から上方に延設されている円筒部611とを一体に備えている。また、カバー61は、底部610の中央に、円状の孔610aを設けている。   The lamp 6 includes a body 60 that is in contact with an upper surface CB in the vehicle, a cover 61 that is fitted to the body 60, and a lens body 62. The body 60 is integrally provided with a bottom portion 600 formed in a circular shape by, for example, insulating resin molding, and a cylindrical portion 601 extending downward from the outer peripheral edge of the bottom portion 600. The body 60 houses the lens body 62 and the LED unit 3 in a detachable manner. The cover 61 is integrally provided with a bottom portion 610 formed in a circular shape by, for example, insulating resin molding, and a cylindrical portion 611 extending upward from the outer peripheral edge of the bottom portion 610. Further, the cover 61 is provided with a circular hole 610 a in the center of the bottom 610.

レンズ体62は、例えば絶縁性の樹脂成形により、円状に形成されている底部620と、底部620の外周縁から上方に延設されている円筒部621とを一体に備えている。また、上記レンズ体62は、底部620において複数のLED素子La・・・の前方となる位置に、複数のレンズ622・・・を備えている。各レンズ622は、各LED素子Laから放射された光を制御している。   The lens body 62 is integrally provided with a bottom portion 620 formed in a circular shape by, for example, insulating resin molding, and a cylindrical portion 621 extending upward from the outer peripheral edge of the bottom portion 620. Further, the lens body 62 includes a plurality of lenses 622... At a position in front of the plurality of LED elements La. Each lens 622 controls light emitted from each LED element La.

照明装置7は、LEDユニット3と、LED駆動装置8とを備えている。LEDユニット3は、基板30と、複数(例えば3〜数十)のLED素子La・・・とを備えている。基板30は、例えばプリント基板、樹脂基板等であり、円状に形成されている。複数のLED素子La・・・は、上記基板30上に直列に接続して設けられている。上記複数のLED素子La・・・は、図1,図5,図7,図8に示すように、LED駆動装置8と電気的に接続し、上記LED駆動装置8から供給される電圧V2及びLED電流ILによって白色の光を放射する照明負荷である。なお、LED素子Laの数は、用途に応じて適宜設定することができる。   The illumination device 7 includes an LED unit 3 and an LED driving device 8. The LED unit 3 includes a substrate 30 and a plurality of (for example, 3 to several tens) LED elements La. The board | substrate 30 is a printed circuit board, a resin substrate, etc., for example, and is formed in circular shape. The plurality of LED elements La are connected in series on the substrate 30. The plurality of LED elements La... Are electrically connected to the LED driving device 8 as shown in FIGS. 1, 5, 7, and 8, and the voltage V2 supplied from the LED driving device 8 and The illumination load emits white light by the LED current IL. The number of LED elements La can be set as appropriate according to the application.

本発明の実施形態1の照明装置の回路構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the illuminating device of Embodiment 1 of this invention. 同上の直流電源の別の回路構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows another circuit structure of DC power supply same as the above. LED素子の温度に対するLED電圧の変化を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the change of the LED voltage with respect to the temperature of an LED element. LED駆動回路の出力電圧とLED電流との特性を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the characteristic of the output voltage of a LED drive circuit, and LED current. 本発明の実施形態2の照明装置の回路構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the illuminating device of Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態3の照明装置の回路構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the illuminating device of Embodiment 3 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態4の照明装置の回路構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the illuminating device of Embodiment 4 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態5の照明装置の回路構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the illuminating device of Embodiment 5 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態6の照明器具の断面を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the cross section of the lighting fixture of Embodiment 6 of this invention. 従来の照明装置の回路構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the conventional illuminating device.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 直流電源
2 LED駆動回路
3 LEDユニット
La LED素子
7 照明装置
8 LED駆動装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 DC power supply 2 LED drive circuit 3 LED unit La LED element 7 Illumination device 8 LED drive device

Claims (7)

直流電源と、直流電源から生成した所望の直流出力を出力端間に接続した複数のLED素子の直列回路に供給するLED駆動回路とを備え、LED駆動回路は、いずれか1つのLED素子の両端電圧に基づいて出力特性を変化させて、出力電力を所定範囲内に制御することを特徴とするLED駆動装置。 A direct-current power supply and an LED drive circuit that supplies a desired direct-current output generated from the direct-current power supply to a series circuit of a plurality of LED elements connected between output ends, and the LED drive circuit has both ends of any one of the LED elements An LED driving device characterized by controlling output power within a predetermined range by changing output characteristics based on voltage. 前記LED駆動回路は昇圧回路で構成されることを特徴とする請求項1記載のLED駆動装置。 The LED driving device according to claim 1, wherein the LED driving circuit includes a booster circuit. 前記LED駆動回路の出力端間に接続した複数の抵抗の直列回路で構成されて、LED駆動回路の出力電圧を分圧した電圧検出値を出力する出力電圧検出部と、LED駆動回路の出力端に直列接続した抵抗で構成されて、抵抗に発生する電圧を電流検出値として出力する出力電流検出部とを備え、LED駆動回路は、電圧検出値と電流検出値とに基づいて出力を制御することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のLED駆動装置。 An output voltage detection unit configured by a series circuit of a plurality of resistors connected between the output terminals of the LED drive circuit and outputting a voltage detection value obtained by dividing the output voltage of the LED drive circuit; and an output terminal of the LED drive circuit And an output current detection unit that outputs a voltage generated in the resistor as a current detection value, and the LED driving circuit controls the output based on the voltage detection value and the current detection value. The LED driving device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 前記LED駆動回路は、フライバックトランスを用いて前記直流電源から所望の直流出力を生成することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3いずれか記載のLED駆動装置。 The LED driving device according to claim 1, wherein the LED driving circuit generates a desired DC output from the DC power source using a flyback transformer. 前記LED駆動回路は、スイッチングすることで所望の直流出力を生成するスイッチング素子と、前記電圧検出値に基づいて基準値を生成する基準値生成部と、前記電流検出値と基準値とに基づいてスイッチング素子をPWM制御するPWM制御部とを備えることを特徴とする請求項3または5記載のLED駆動装置。 The LED driving circuit is based on a switching element that generates a desired DC output by switching, a reference value generation unit that generates a reference value based on the voltage detection value, and the current detection value and the reference value 6. The LED driving device according to claim 3, further comprising: a PWM control unit that performs PWM control of the switching element. 請求項1乃至5いずれか記載のLED駆動装置と、該LED駆動装置によって駆動される複数のLED素子の直列回路とを備えることを特徴とする照明装置。 An illumination device comprising: the LED driving device according to claim 1; and a series circuit of a plurality of LED elements driven by the LED driving device. 請求項6記載の照明装置を備えることを特徴とする照明器具。 A lighting apparatus comprising the lighting device according to claim 6.
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