201009258 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係涉及由複數個鍋爐所構成的以蒸氣壓力 溫、条氣量等作為控制對象而將燃燒量加以 水 ’ 統，控制系統用電腦程式，燃燒控制方法及；=制系' : 【先前技術】 牙'%。 以往，已有一種關於鍋爐之控制的技術， 紐燃燒而產生蒸氣或熱水時，例如，以料氣壓 目標值的方式算出使其燃燒的銷爐之台數及燃燒量，成為 作為對象的鋼爐之燃燒器（burner)燃燒>量加以捩 而將 Θ 揭示於例如，參照專利文獻卜 4之技術 (專利文獻1)日本特開2002_130602號公報 【發明内容】 (發明所欲解決的課題） 於前述專利文獻1所示的同時比例控制中，若合計負 荷率高則燃燒量受到增減控制的鍋爐之台數將增加=若合 計負荷率低則燃燒量受到增減控制的鍋爐之台數將減少，❹ 當在合計負荷率高的狀態下產生小壓力變動時，將有進行 增減控制的鍋爐台數因過剩而有容易導致蒸氣壓力過衝 (overshoot)或反覆不停（hunting)的趨勢，當在合計負荷 率低的狀態下產生大壓力變動時’將有施加增減控制的S 爐台數因不足而有於壓力調整產生時間延遲的問題。 另一方面，於專利文獻】所示的最大燃燒固定控制 中’將燃燒置加以增減控制的锅爐之台數例如與合計負荷 32125! 4 201009258 率無關的設定為2台以下，故 爐之燃燒量更大的壓力變動日±^§產生了比增減控制的鍋 文獻=產 換前述同時_控制和前述 。數彳工制中’叮切 ❹ 動較大時將所有鍋爐之燃燒量:燒固定控制，當負荷變 時則使施加增減控制的鍋爐:奴^咸’當負荷變動較小 量，但仍難以使鍋爐之錄燒數為最小限度而控制燃燒 小，而無法避免當增減二==對應於負荷變動之大 負荷變動為過剩時將產生過有鎢壚之燃燒量相對於 以增減控制的鍋爐之燃燒量田負何變動大於加 題。 、座生產生時間延遲的問 本發明為考慮如上所述之事情 供可控制由複數個鍋爐所構成的以 其目的以 量等作為控制對象而控制燃燒量的鋼水溫、蒸』 與前述複數個銷爐群之合計負荷率 ，燒m ❹二地re_e)調整控制對象’且可抑制暴衝或擺動 敕者陸（soft landing)於目標值的控制李 刺糸統、控制系統 電腦程式、燃燒控制方法以及鍋爐系統。 (解決課題的手段） 為了解決上述課韙’本發明提案以下手段。 於申請專利範園第1項所記載的發明係一種控制系 統，其係以可連續增滅燃燒量的複數锅爐為對象而控制前 述燃燒量的控制系統，其可藉由使其於維持前述燃燒量的 狀態下燃燒的定常控制，和一邊使前述燃燒置增減一邊使 5 321251 201009258 其燃燒的增減控制而進行前述鍋爐之燃燒控制，該控制系 統係構成為根據與要求負荷對應的控制對象之目標值與現 狀值之間的偏差量而選擇藉由前述增減控制而使其燃燒的 前述鍋爐。 依據本發明之控制系統，由於係根據與要求負荷對應 的蒸氣壓力、水溫、蒸氣量等之控制對象的偏差量而選擇 進行增減控制的锅爐，故在偏差量較大的情形中可以用大 幅增減燃燒量的方式，在偏差量較小的情形中可以用小幅 增減燃燒量的方式選擇進行增減控制的鍋爐。 Θ 從而，可以將控制對象與合計負荷率無關地對應於負 荷變動而以快速反應進行調整，使其軟著陸於目標值。 於申請專利範圍第2項所記載的發明係如申請專利範 圍第1項之控制系統，其係與前述偏差量附加對應而算出 前述增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數，且係根據前述對象台數 而將前述增減控制的鍋爐加以燃燒控制。 依據本發明之控制系統，其將與偏差量附加對應而算 ^ ❹ 出進行增減控制的鍋爐之台數。從而，可以與合計負荷率 無關地將適合於負荷變動大小之台數的鋼爐作為加以增減 控制的對象。 於申請專利範圍第3項所記載之發明係如申請專利範 圍第1項及第2項所記載的控制系統，其中，當前述現狀 值比前述目標值更大時，當前述偏差量之絕對值增加時即 降低前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之燃燒負荷率，當前述偏差 量之絕對值減少時則提昇前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之燃燒 6 321251 201009258 負荷率；當前述現狀值比前述目標值更小時，當前述偏差 量之絕對值增加時即提昇前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之燃燒 負荷率，而當前述偏差量之絕對值減少時則降低前述進行 增減控制的锅爐之燃燒負荷率。 於申請專利範圍第6項所記载之發明係一種控制系統 用電腦程式，其係以可連續增減燃燒量的複數個鍋爐為對 象而控制前述燃燒量，且可藉由使其於維持前述燃燒量的 狀態下燃燒的定常控制，和一邊使前述燃燒量增減一邊使 ® 其燃燒的增減控制而進行前述複數個鍋爐之燃燒控制； 算出與要求負荷對應的控制對象之目標值與現狀值之間的 偏差量；根據前述偏差量而算出前述進行增減控制的鍋爐 之對象台數；根據前述對象台數而對於前述進行增減控制 的鍋爐進行燃燒控制；於根據前述對象台數的燃燒控制 中，當前述偏差量之絕對值增加時，即使前述被定常控制 的鍋爐之中應開始增減控制的鍋爐之燃燒控制開始而增加 &前述進行增減控制的鋼爐之台數；而當前述偏差量之絕對 值減少時，則使前述被增減控制的鍋爐之中應開始定常控 制的鍋爐之燃燒控制開始而減少前述進行增減控制的鍋爐 之台數；判別前述複數個鍋爐是否為自動運轉中而當為自 動運轉中時重複執行。 於申請專利範圍第8項所記載之發明係一種燃燒控制 方法，其係以可進行於維持燃燒量的狀態下燃燒的定常控 制，和可進行一邊使燃燒量連續增減一邊燃燒的增減控制 的複數個鍋爐為對象的燃燒控制方法，係算出與要求負荷 7 321251 201009258 對應的控制對象之目標值與現狀值之間的偏差量；根據前 述偏差量而算出前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數； 根據前述對象台數而對於前述進行增減控制的鍋爐進行燃 燒控制；於根據前述對象台數的燃燒控制中，當前述偏差 量之絕對值增加時，即使前述被定常控制的鍋爐之中應開 始增減控制的鍋爐之燃燒控制開始而增加前述進行增減控 制的鋼爐之台數；而當前述偏差量之絕對值減少時，則使 前述被增減控制的鋼爐之中應開始定常控制的锅爐之燃燒 控制開始而減少前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之台數。 依據本發明之控制系統、控制系統用電腦程式及燃燒 控制方法，當偏差量之絕對值增加時可增加進行增減控制 的鍋爐之台數而輕易地對應控制對象之較大的負荷變動； 當偏差量之絕對值減少時可減少進行增減控制的鍋爐之台 數而輕易地對應控制對象之較小的負荷.變動；而可以快速 反應調整控制對象並且輕易地使其軟著陸於目標值。 於申請專利範圍第4項所記載的發明係如申請專利範 圍第3項之控制系統，其中，於欲提昇前述進行增減控制 的鍋爐之燃燒負荷率時，係從前述進行定常控制的鍋爐之 中燃燒負荷率較低者起依序選擇前述進行增減控制的鍋 爐；於欲降低前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之燃燒負荷率時， 係從前述進行定常控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較高者起依 序選擇前述進行增減控制的鍋爐。 於申請專利範圍第7項所記載的發明係如申請專利範 圍第6項之控制系統用電腦程式，其中，在增加前述進行 8 321251 201009258 增減控制的鍋爐之台數的情形，當前述現狀值比前述目標 值更大時，即從前述進行定常控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率 ； 較南者起依序開始增減控制，而當前述現狀值比前述目標 值更小時，則從前述進行定常控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率 較低者起依序開始增減控制；在減少前述進行增減控制的 鍋爐之台數的情形，當前述現狀值比前述目標值更大時， 即從前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較低者起依 ❹序開始定常控制，而當前述現狀值比前述目標值更小時， 則從前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較高者起依 序開始定常控制。 又 於申請專利範圍第9項所記載的發明係如申請專利範 圍第8項之燃燒控制方法，其中，在增加前述進行增減控 制的鍋爐之台數的情形中，當前述現狀值比前述目標值更 大時，係從前述進行定常控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較高 者起依序開始增減控制，當前述現狀值比前述目標值更小 ❹時，係從前述進行定常控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較低者 $依序開始增減控制；在減少前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之 1數的情形中，當前述現狀值比前述目標值更大時，係從 前述進行增減控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較低者起依序開 始定常控制，當前述現狀值比前述目標值更小時，係從前 述進行增減控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較高者起依序開始 定常控制。 依據本發明之控制系統、控制系統用電腦程式及燃燒 控制方法，可對於進行增減控制的鍋爐全體及進行定常控 321251 9 201009258 制的鍋爐全體之燃燒負荷率確保較大的可控制範圍。 結果，可抑制鍋爐系統全體之啟動停止次數且可使進 行燃燒控制的鍋爐彼此間之燃燒負荷率的差縮小而使其易 於在燃燒效率較高的燃燒帶運轉。 於申請專利範圍第5項所記載之發明係一種鍋爐系 統，其係具有如申請專利範圍第1項至第4項之中任一項 的控制系統。 又，於本說明書中，所謂燃燒量可連續地進行增減之 用語，除了燃燒量可無斷階的加以控制者外，尚包含於控 © 制部的運算或訊號係採用數位方式而階段性地處理的情形 中，藉由閥（valve)等控制機構而行的控制量相對於起因於 燃燒用空氣或燃料氣體之誤差的燃燒量變動為小數值（例 如1%以下），事實上為連續進行控制者。 另外，所謂合計負荷率係指將於鍋爐系統中進行燃燒 的鍋爐之燃燒量除以鍋爐系統全體之燃燒能力而得的值。 (發明效果） ^ 依據本發明之燃燒控制方法、控制系統用電腦程式、 控制系統及鍋爐系統，其可與構成鍋爐系統的鍋爐全體之 燃燒負荷率無關地以快速反應調整控制對象，且可抑制暴 衝或擺動之產生而軟著陸於目標值。 【實施方式】 以下，參照第1圖至第1〇圖，對於本發明之一實施形 態進行說明。 第1圖為表示本發明之鍋爐系統之一實施形態的圖， 10 32125] 201009258 符號1係表示锅爐系統。 鍋爐系統1係具有：鍋爐群2,由複數個鍋爐所構成； 控制部（控制系統）4 ;蒸氣管集箱（steam header)6 ;以及 將蒸氣管集箱6内的壓力變換為電磁訊號的壓力感測器 (sensor)7，且可將蒸氣供給至蒸氣使用設備18。 於本實施形態中的控制對象為蒸氣管集箱6内的蒸氣 壓力，構成鍋爐群2的鍋爐之各者的燃燒量係由控制部4 控制而調整上述蒸氣之壓力。 ® 鍋爐群2係由將水加熱而產生蒸氣的5台蒸氣鍋爐所 構成，其係具有第1鍋爐21、第2鍋爐22、第3鍋爐23、 第4鍋爐24、以及第5鍋爐25。 第1鍋爐21…第5鍋爐25係於燃燒能力（最大燃燒狀 態的燃燒量）之範圍内可以連續地增減控制燃燒量於0%(燃 燒停止狀態）至100% (最大燃燒量）的燃燒負荷率之間。 另外，構成上述鍋爐群2的鍋爐係藉由燃燒效率而區 @分為例如第2圖所示之：可以高燃燒效率進行燃燒的高效 率帶；可確保以比高效率帶低的預定燃燒效率進行燃燒的 緩衝帶；以及燃燒效率低的增爐帶和減爐帶構成的5個燃 燒帶。 於本實施形態中，例如，高效率帶為燃燒負荷率40% 以上60%以下，缓衝帶為超過燃燒負荷卑60%且80°/。以下、 及30%以上未滿40%，減爐帶為燃燒負荷率20%以上未滿 30%，增爐帶為燃燒負荷率超過80%但100%以下。 第1鍋爐21···第5鍋爐25係依據來自控制部4之指 11 321251 201009258 示訊號而可控制為··以維持燃燒量之狀態進行燃燒的定常 燃燒狀態；一邊增減燃燒量一邊進行燃燒的增減燃燒狀態 的2個燃燒狀態；以及燃燒停止狀態。 » 另外，於本實施形態中，第1鍋爐21…第5鍋爐25 之燃燒能力係設定為相等。 控制部4係具有：輸入電磁訊號的輸入部4A ;運算部 4B ;資料庫4D ;以及對於構成鍋爐群2的鍋爐之各者輸出 控制訊號的輸出部4 E，藉由將儲存於未圖示之記憶媒體（例 如硬碟）的控制系統用電腦程式讀取至運算部4B，而可將 ❹ 構成鍋爐群2的第1鍋爐21…第5鍋爐.25以使其成為定 常控制、增減控制、或燃燒停止狀態的燃燒停止控制之中 任一燃燒狀態的方式進行燃燒控制。 輸入部4A係連接有訊號線13，有關蒸氣管集箱6内 之壓力的來自壓力感測器7之電磁訊號係經由訊號線13而 輸入至輸入部4A，且送出至運算部4B。 運算部4B係依據經由輸入部4A而輸入的來自壓力感 q 測器7的電磁訊號而算出蒸氣管集箱6内之現在壓力（現狀 值）PS及偏差量PD，從構成鍋爐群2的鍋爐之中算出進行 定常控制的台數及選擇進行定常控制的對象，同時算出進 行增減控制的鍋爐台數及選擇進行增減控制的對象的鍋 爐。 又，偏差量PD係由偏差量PD=現在壓力PS-目標值PT 所定義。 資料庫4D係具有第1資料庫DB1與資料庫DB2，第1 12 321251 201009258 資料庫DBi係於當使構成锅爐群2的鶴爐中作為燃燒控制 之對象的锅爐以同-燃燒負荷率燃繞時，將對應於對象台 數及燃燒負荷㈣產生的蒸氣量（產生蒸氣量）之關係儲存 為數值資料，第2資料庫DB2係將關於進行增減控制的锅 爐之對象台數的資料對應於偏差量PD而儲存 β第1資料庫DB1係例如由將如第3圖戶^之產生蒸氣 量及燃燒負荷率之間的關係相對於每個對象台數所示的圖 表加以數值化後的資料構成。在此，直線u、…、L5係分 ®別對應於對象台數1台.....5台。 對應於產生黑氣量的锅爐之對象台數及燃燒負荷率係 可如第3圖所示地藉由直線L1、…、L5而求得對應於欲產 生之蒸氣量的燃燒負荷率。 例如’當所需之热氣置為2500(Kg/h)時，於直線L5 中係於燃燒負何率50%，於直線L4中係於燃燒負荷率63%， 於直線L3中係於燃燒負荷率83%交叉。亦即，係表示當對 ❿象錯爐為5台0^·燃燒負何率為50%’4台時則燃燒負荷率為 63%，3台時則燃燒負荷率為83%即可產生2500(Kg/h)之蒸 氣量。 另外’第1資料庫DBI係可使進行燃燒的燃燒負荷率 對應於高效率帶、緩衝帶、增爐帶、減爐帶之任一者，於 此實施形態中，當有2種以上之鍋爐台數可供選擇時，係 依據對應的燃燒帶為：高效率帶、缓衝帶、增爐帶或減爐 帶的順序選擇锅爐之對象台數’而在高燃燒效率的燃燒為 優先。 321251 13 201009258 由以上可知，在產生的蒸氣量為2500(Kg/h)之情形， 當鍋爐之對象台數為5台時，燃燒負荷率為50°/。而屬於高 效率帶；當為4台時燃燒負荷率為約63%而屬於缓衝帶； 當為3台時燃燒負荷率為約83%而屬於增爐帶，故欲產生 2500(Kg/h)之蒸氣量時將以使5台鍋爐以屬於高效率帶的 燃燒負荷率50%進行燃燒。 此外，係構成為當於同一燃燒帶有2種以上的對象台 數可供選擇時，將以其中最少的台數進行燃燒。 又，亦可構成為於燃燒開始之際，在算出進行定常控 〇 制的鍋爐之對象台數後，依據進行定常控制的台數、確保 目標值PT所需的燃燒量、及鍋爐之燃燒能力而算出燃燒負 荷率，且進行控制使燃燒氣體之閥開度對應於燃燒負荷率。 此時之燃燒負荷率，例如藉由下式算出： 燃燒負荷率=產生必須蒸氣量時所需的燃燒量/(於鍋 爐群2之中進行定常控制的鍋爐之台數X 1台鍋爐之燃燒 另外，從鍋爐群2選出進行定常控制的對象鍋爐之選 擇係依據定常控制鍋爐選擇順序而進行，於本實施形態之 選擇順序係依第1鍋爐21、第2鍋爐22、第3鍋爐23、 第4鍋爐24、第5鍋爐25之順序（以下簡稱昇序）加以選 擇。 此外，於此實施形態中，當已選擇進行定常燃燒控制 鍋爐之對象而一旦開始燃燒控制時，直到壓力值最初達到 目標值PT為止的期間，作為定常控制之對象的鍋爐之燃燒 14 321251 201009258 負荷率係皆被設定為相等。 於第2資料庫DB2係例如於弟4圖所示的對應表般設 定有對應於壓力值之偏差量PD而設的第1設定值ρι、...、 第5設定值P5且儲存有與其對應而增減控制的鍋爐之對象 台數。 弟1設定值P1...第5设疋值P 5係例如於鋼爐群2中 將如苐4圖所不之台數的鍋爐進^亍增減控制即應可消除白勺 偏差量PD之下限值’當偏差量PD符合為「對應的偏差量（絕 ®對值）之範圍」時，即將與其對應的「增減控制台數」所示 之台數的鍋爐加以增減控制。 亦即，當偏差值之絕對值為第1設定值Pl(〇.〇5MPa> 以上且未滿第2設定值P2(0. lOMPa)時則增減控制！台鑛 爐；為第2設定值P2以上且未滿第3設定值P3(〇.i5MPa) 時則增減控制2台鍋爐；同樣地，藉由增減控制4台鍋爐 即可消除未滿第5設定值P5(0.25MPa)的負可變動。又， ❹當負可變動超過第5設定值P5時（0· 25MPa)時將增減控制 5台鍋爐。 從而，於第4圖的設定值係示有例如第2設定值P2 (〇. l〇MPa)>偏差量PD2第1設定值P1(0. 05MPa)時，進行 增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數為1台。 又，於此實施形態中’第1設定值P1.....第5設定 值朽之各設定值係被設定為等間隔。 另外’關於鍋爐之增減控制，當現在壓力PS為第1設 疋值P1以上時，例如，藉由使燃料氣體之閥開度以預定之 15 321251 201009258 速度增加或減少而加以增減控制的鍋爐之各者，於增減控 制開始後，係與經過時間成比例的增加或減少燃燒負荷量。 增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數的算出係將預先設定的蒸 氣壓力之目標值PT與經由輸入部4A而輸入至運算部4B的 蒸氣管集箱6内之蒸氣的現在壓力（現狀值）PS間之偏差量 PD的絕對值與第2資料庫DB2之資料附加對應而算出，鍋 爐群2之中進行增減控制的對象鍋爐之選擇係依據增減控 制鍋爐選擇順序而進行。 又，於進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數的算出時，係 ❹ 使偏差量PD之絕對值對比於第1設定值PL···第5設定值 P5而進行。 第5圖示有本實施形態之鍋爐群2之燃燒控制之概略 的流程圊之一例。 另外，第6圖為增加進行增減控制的鍋爐之台數時從 被定常控制的鍋爐之中選擇進行增減控制之對象的流程圖 的一例，第7圖則為減少進行增減控制的鍋爐之台數時從 @ 被定常控制的鍋爐之中選擇從增減控制移行至定常控制之 對象的流程圖的一例。 另外，前述流程圖係對於被定常控制的鍋爐和與被增 減控制的鍋爐合計時之台數為保持啟動鍋爐系統1時之台 數不變而為一定的情形而示。 另外，依據偏差量PD而增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數及 燃燒負荷率的控制係如第8圖所示，依據偏差量PD之正 負、偏差量PD之絕對值的增減而分類為4種情形進行，當 16 321251 201009258 9 偏差量PD之絕對值增加時則增加對像台數，當偏差量PD 之絕對值減少時則減少對像台數，當偏差量PD為負時則提 昇燃燒負荷率PD，當偏差量PD為正時則降低燃燒負荷率。 _ 當構成鍋爐群2的鍋爐全部都被定常控制時，於偏差 量PD之絕對值未滿第1設定值P1時則不開始增減控制而 繼續定常控制。 另外，當存有被增減控制的鍋爐時，當偏差量PD之絕 對值減少為未滿第1設定值P1時，則所有鍋爐會從增減控 ❿制移行為定常控制，且各個鍋爐係維持從增減控制移行為 定常控制時之燃燒量（燃燒負荷率）。 增減控制鍋爐選擇順序係將被加以增減控制的鍋爐之 對象台數設定有增加時的順序和減少時的順序，該等各順 序係設定為因應使燃燒負荷率提昇的情形和使燃燒負荷率 降低的情形。 [當增加進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數時（第8圖[A]) ^ 於進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數增加之際，當隨著 ❿ 鍋爐群2之燃燒量增加而提昇燃燒負荷率時（第8圖[AC]) 亦即一邊增加燃燒量一邊增加燃燒量之增加比例時係從進 行定常控制的鍋爐之中依序從燃燒負荷率低侧開始選擇 (S112)而移行至增加燃燒量的增減控制（S116)，當隨著鍋 爐群2之燃燒量減少而降低燃燒負荷率時（第8圖[AD])亦 即一邊減少燃燒量一邊增加燃燒量之減少比例時係從進行 定常控制的鍋爐之中依序從燃燒負荷率高側開始選擇 (S114)而移行至減少燃燒量的增減控制（SI 16)。 17 321251 201009258 另外，第1錯爐21···至第5鍋爐25中之燃燒負荷率 相同時，若欲將鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率提高時則對於相同 的鍋爐以昇順，當欲將燃燒負荷率降低時則對於燃燒負荷 ’ 率為相同的鍋爐依據第5鍋爐25、第4鍋爐24、第3鍋爐 23、第2锅爐21、第1鑛爐21之順序（以下稱降順）選擇 增減控制之對象的方式而構成。 [減少進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數時的順序（第8圖 [B])] 於進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數減少之際，當隨著 ❹ 鍋爐群2之燃燒量增加而提昇燃燒負荷率時（第8圖 [BC ])，亦即一邊增加燃燒量一邊減少燃燒量之增加比例 時，係從進行定常控制的鍋爐之中依序從燃燒負荷率高侧 開始選擇（S122)而將增減控制移行至定常控制（S126)，當 隨著鍋爐群2之燃燒量減少而降低燃燒負荷率時（第8圖 [BD])亦即一邊減少燃燒量一邊縮小燃燒量之減少比例時 係從進行增減控制的鍋爐之中依序從燃燒負荷率低側開始 ❿ 選擇（S124)而將增減控制移行至定常控制（S126)。 另外，第1鍋爐21...至第5鍋爐25中之燃燒負荷率 相同時，若欲將鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率提高時則對於燃燒 負荷率相同的鍋爐以降順，當欲將燃燒負荷率降低時則對 於燃燒負荷率為相同的鍋爐依據昇順選擇鍋爐的方式而構 成。 輸出部4E係於第1鍋爐21.....第5鍋爐25連接有 傳送訊號的訊號線14，於運算部4B運算的關於燃燒控制 18 321251 r 201009258 (定常控制、增減控制）的指示訊號係送訊至第1鍋爐 21.....第5鍋爐25。 指示訊號係例如由燃燒控制的閥開度資料等所構成。 * 蒸氣管集箱6係藉由蒸氣管11連接上流側的5台第1 鍋爐21.....第5鍋爐25，藉由蒸氣管12連接下流側的 蒸氣使用設備18，藉由使於鍋爐群2產生的蒸氣集合而調 整第1鍋爐21、…、第5鍋爐25彼此之壓力差以及壓力 變動而將蒸氣供給至蒸氣使用設備18。 ❹ 另外，於蒸氣管集箱6設有壓力感測器7,藉由壓力 感測器7而將蒸氣管集箱6内的蒸氣壓力變換為電磁訊號。 蒸氣使用設備18係藉由來自蒸氣管集箱6之蒸氣而運 轉的設備。 其次，參照第3圖至第10圖說明本實施形態之鍋爐系 統1的作用。蒸氣管集箱6之壓力目標值PT、以及第1設 定值P1.....至第5設定值P5係預先設定於控制部4。 @ 1)啟動鍋爐系統1而開始運轉。（S1) 2) 使對應於要求負荷的蒸氣產生量、與第1設定值資料庫 DB1(第3圖）產生關聯，而算出進行定常控制的鍋爐之 對象台數。（S2) 3) 從蒸氣產生量與定常控制之對象台數算出燃燒負荷率。 4) 其次，依據定常控制鍋爐選擇順序，選擇定常控制之對 象而開始。（S4) ' 當鍋爐群2之中進行定常控制的鍋爐之對象台數為4 台以下時，從鍋爐群2之中依第1鍋爐21至第5鍋爐25 19 321251 201009258 之順序選擇對象台數之鍋爐。 於前述S1至S4中，在現狀之壓力值暫時到達目標值 PT之前，鍋爐群2之中成為定常控制之對象的鍋爐係將當 初的對象原封不動地維持。又，在到達目標值PT前的階段 亦可為使一部份或全部的鍋爐為加減控制的構成。 5) 當為自動運轉中時，構成鍋爐群2的鍋爐係可藉由增減 控制而進行燃燒控制，且於當自動運轉終了時將鍋爐系 統1之運轉終了。（S5) 6) 由壓力感測器7檢測出的蒸氣管集箱6内之壓力係經由 © 控制部4之輸入部4A而輸入至運算部4B，運算部4B 係算出蒸氣管集箱6之現在壓力PS(S6)。 7) 從目標值PT與現在壓力PS等算出壓力偏差量PD〇(S7) 8) 使偏差量PD之絕對值與第2資料庫DB2(第4圖）附加 對應而算出進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數（S8)。 9) 將增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數與現在增減控制中的鍋 爐之台數比較而判斷進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數 ^ 有無增減。（S9) 於S9中，當開始進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數（= (增減控制所需的鍋爐之對象台數）-(現在增減控制的鍋爐 之台數））為零而不增減進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數 時，係經由計數器CTRCS13)而移行至S5，當不為零時則移 行至有增減對象台數的S10。 當增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數沒有增減，進行增減控 制的鍋爐之台數維持不變時，現在被增減控制的鍋爐係繼 20 321251201009258 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a computer program in which a combustion system is controlled by a plurality of boilers, such as a vapor pressure temperature, a gas amount, and the like. Combustion control method and; = system ': [prior art] tooth '%. In the past, there has been a technique for controlling the boiler. When steam or hot water is generated by combustion, for example, the number of the pin furnaces and the amount of combustion that are burned by the target value of the gas pressure are calculated. For example, the technique of the present invention is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-130602, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In the simultaneous proportional control described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, if the total load ratio is high, the number of boilers whose combustion amount is controlled to increase or decrease will increase. If the total load ratio is low, the number of boilers whose combustion amount is controlled to increase or decrease is increased. When the small pressure fluctuation occurs in a state where the total load factor is high, the number of boilers that are subjected to the increase/decrease control is excessive, and the vapor pressure overshoot or the hunting is likely to occur. In the case where a large pressure fluctuation occurs in a state where the total load factor is low, the number of S furnaces to which the increase/decrease control is applied is insufficient due to the shortage of the pressure adjustment. On the other hand, in the maximum combustion fixed control shown in the patent document, the number of boilers in which the combustion is increased or decreased is set to two or less, for example, regardless of the total load 32125! 4 201009258. The pressure change day with a larger amount of combustion produces a comparison with the increase and decrease control of the pot literature = production of the above-mentioned simultaneous _ control and the foregoing. In the number system, the burning amount of all the boilers when the cutting is large is: the fixed control of the burning, and the boiler that applies the increase and decrease control when the load changes: the slaves are salty when the load changes by a small amount, but still It is difficult to control the number of burns in the boiler to a minimum and control the combustion to be small, and it is unavoidable that when the increase/decrease two == corresponds to the load change, the large load change is excessive, and the amount of combustion of the tungsten enthalpy is generated relative to the increase or decrease. The change in the burning amount of the boiler is greater than the additional problem. In the present invention, in consideration of the above-described matters, it is possible to control the temperature and the steam of the molten steel which is controlled by a plurality of boilers and whose amount is controlled by the purpose of controlling the amount of combustion. The total load rate of the pin furnace group, the burning m ❹ two places re_e) adjust the control object 'and can suppress the storm or swing the soft land to the target value of the control of the thorns, the control system computer program, burning Control method and boiler system. (Means for Solving the Problem) In order to solve the above teachings, the present invention proposes the following means. The invention described in claim 1 is a control system for controlling a combustion amount of a plurality of boilers capable of continuously increasing the amount of combustion, which can be maintained by The combustion control of the boiler is performed while the combustion is increased or decreased while the combustion is increased or decreased. The control system is configured to control according to the required load. The boiler that burns by the increase and decrease control is selected by the amount of deviation between the target value of the object and the current value. According to the control system of the present invention, since the boiler for controlling the increase/decrease is selected based on the amount of deviation of the control target such as the vapor pressure, the water temperature, and the amount of steam corresponding to the required load, the amount of deviation may be large. In the case of a large increase or decrease in the amount of combustion, in the case where the amount of deviation is small, the boiler that is controlled to increase or decrease can be selected by a small increase or decrease in the amount of combustion. Θ Therefore, the control target can be adjusted in response to the load fluctuation regardless of the total load rate, and the soft target can be softly landed on the target value. The invention according to claim 2 is the control system according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the number of the boilers of the increase/decrease control is calculated in accordance with the deviation amount, and the number of the boilers is calculated based on the target platform. The above-mentioned increase and decrease control of the boiler is controlled by combustion. According to the control system of the present invention, the number of boilers for which the increase/decrease control is performed is calculated in accordance with the deviation amount. Therefore, it is possible to increase or decrease the steel furnace suitable for the number of load fluctuations regardless of the total load rate. The invention described in claim 3, wherein the control system according to the first and second aspects of the patent application, wherein the current value is greater than the target value, the absolute value of the deviation When increasing, the combustion load rate of the boiler for increasing or decreasing control is lowered, and when the absolute value of the deviation is decreased, the combustion rate of the boiler for increasing or decreasing control is increased; when the current value is higher than the aforementioned target value Further, when the absolute value of the deviation amount is increased, the combustion load rate of the boiler for performing the increase and decrease control is increased, and when the absolute value of the deviation amount is decreased, the combustion load rate of the boiler for performing the increase and decrease control is lowered. . The invention described in claim 6 is a computer program for controlling a system for controlling the amount of combustion for a plurality of boilers capable of continuously increasing or decreasing the amount of combustion, and by maintaining the foregoing The constant control of the combustion in the state of the combustion amount, and the combustion control of the plurality of boilers while controlling the increase/decrease of the combustion amount by increasing or decreasing the amount of combustion; calculating the target value and the current state of the control target corresponding to the required load The amount of deviation between the values; the number of the boilers to be subjected to the increase/decrease control based on the amount of the deviation; and the combustion control of the boiler that performs the increase/decrease control based on the number of the target units; In the combustion control, when the absolute value of the aforementioned deviation amount is increased, the number of steel furnaces for which the increase/decrease control is performed is increased even if the combustion control of the boiler that is to start the increase/decrease control among the boilers that are normally controlled is started; When the absolute value of the aforementioned deviation amount is decreased, the combustion of the boiler which is to be controlled normally should be started among the boilers which are controlled to increase or decrease. The number of boilers for which the above-described increase/decrease control is reduced is started, and it is determined whether or not the plurality of boilers are in automatic operation and are repeatedly executed during automatic operation. The invention described in claim 8 is a combustion control method which is a constant control that can be burned while maintaining a combustion amount, and an increase/decrease control that can be performed while continuously increasing or decreasing the amount of combustion. The combustion control method for a plurality of boilers is to calculate the amount of deviation between the target value and the current value of the control target corresponding to the required load 7 321251 201009258; and calculate the target of the boiler for performing the increase and decrease control based on the amount of deviation The number of the units is controlled by the number of the target units for the above-described increase/decrease control; in the combustion control according to the number of the target units, when the absolute value of the deviation amount is increased, even the boiler that is normally controlled is The number of steel furnaces for which the above-mentioned increase and decrease control is to be increased when the combustion control of the boiler that starts to increase or decrease control is started; and when the absolute value of the aforementioned deviation is decreased, the steel furnace that is controlled to increase or decrease is required to be The number of boilers for which the above-described increase and decrease control is started is started when the combustion control of the boiler that is normally controlled is started. According to the computer system and the combustion control method of the control system and the control system of the present invention, when the absolute value of the deviation amount is increased, the number of boilers for controlling the increase and decrease can be increased to easily correspond to a large load variation of the control object; When the absolute value of the deviation amount is reduced, the number of boilers for which the increase/decrease control is performed can be reduced, and the load and the change of the control object can be easily responded to; and the control object can be quickly reacted and easily moved to the target value. The invention described in claim 4 is the control system of claim 3, wherein when the combustion load rate of the boiler for increasing or decreasing control is to be increased, the boiler is subjected to the constant control. In the case of a lower combustion load rate, the above-mentioned boiler for increasing or decreasing control is selected in order; when the combustion load rate of the boiler for increasing or decreasing control is to be reduced, the combustion load rate is higher from the boiler that performs the above-described constant control. The boilers that are controlled by the above-mentioned increase and decrease are selected in order. The invention described in claim 7 is the computer program for the control system according to item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the current status value is increased when the number of boilers for which the above-mentioned 8321251 201009258 increase/decrease control is performed is increased. When the value is larger than the target value, that is, the combustion load rate from the boiler that is subjected to the constant control as described above; the increase/decrease control is started sequentially from the south, and when the current value is smaller than the target value, the constant is performed from the foregoing. In the case where the combustion load rate of the controlled boiler is low, the increase/decrease control is sequentially started; in the case where the number of boilers for which the increase and decrease control is performed is reduced, when the current value is larger than the target value, In the boiler with increased or decreased control, the combustion load rate is lower, and the constant control is started in the order, and when the current value is smaller than the target value, the combustion load rate is higher among the boilers that are controlled by the above increase and decrease. Start regular control in sequence. Further, the invention of claim 9 is the combustion control method according to claim 8, wherein in the case of increasing the number of boilers for which the increase/decrease control is performed, when the current value is higher than the foregoing target When the value is larger, the increase/decrease control is sequentially started from the combustion load rate of the boiler that performs the constant control, and when the current value is smaller than the target value, the boiler is subjected to the constant control. In the case where the combustion load rate is lower, the increase/decrease control is sequentially started; in the case where the number of boilers for which the increase and decrease control is performed is reduced, when the current value is larger than the target value, the increase or decrease is performed from the foregoing. In the controlled boiler, the combustion load rate is lower, and the constant control is started in sequence. When the current value is smaller than the target value, the combustion load rate is higher in the boilers that are controlled by the increase and decrease. Constant control. According to the control system and the computer program and the combustion control method of the control system of the present invention, it is possible to ensure a large controllable range for the entire boiler of the increase and decrease control and the combustion load rate of the boiler of the constant control 321251 9 201009258. As a result, it is possible to suppress the number of starts and stops of the entire boiler system and to reduce the difference in the combustion load rate between the boilers that perform the combustion control, thereby making it easy to operate in a combustion belt having a high combustion efficiency. The invention described in claim 5 is a boiler system having a control system as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4. Further, in the present specification, the term "the amount of combustion can be continuously increased or decreased, and the calculation or signal system included in the control unit is digitally staged except that the amount of combustion can be controlled without a step. In the case of the ground treatment, the amount of control by the control means such as a valve is small (for example, 1% or less) with respect to the amount of combustion caused by the error of the combustion air or the fuel gas, and is actually continuous. Conduct the controller. Further, the total load ratio refers to a value obtained by dividing the amount of combustion of a boiler that is to be combusted in a boiler system by the combustion capacity of the entire boiler system. (Effect of the Invention) The computer program, the control system, and the boiler system for the combustion control method and the control system according to the present invention can adjust the control object with rapid response regardless of the combustion load rate of the entire boiler constituting the boiler system, and can suppress The rush or swing produces a soft landing on the target value. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 1 . Fig. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a boiler system of the present invention, 10 32125] 201009258 Symbol 1 denotes a boiler system. The boiler system 1 has a boiler group 2 composed of a plurality of boilers, a control unit (control system) 4, a steam header 6 and a pressure signal in the vapor tube header 6 converted into an electromagnetic signal. A pressure sensor 7 and steam can be supplied to the vapor use device 18. The control target in the present embodiment is the vapor pressure in the vapor tube header 6, and the amount of combustion of each of the boilers constituting the boiler group 2 is controlled by the controller 4 to adjust the pressure of the vapor. The boiler group 2 is composed of five steam boilers that generate steam by heating water, and includes a first boiler 21, a second boiler 22, a third boiler 23, a fourth boiler 24, and a fifth boiler 25. In the first boiler 21, the fifth boiler 25 can continuously increase or decrease the combustion in which the combustion amount is controlled from 0% (combustion stop state) to 100% (maximum combustion amount) within the range of the combustion capacity (the combustion amount in the maximum combustion state). Between load rates. Further, the boiler constituting the above-described boiler group 2 is divided into, for example, Fig. 2 by a combustion efficiency, a high-efficiency belt capable of burning at a high combustion efficiency, and a predetermined combustion efficiency lower than that of a high-efficiency belt. A buffer zone for combustion; and five combustion zones consisting of a furnace belt and a furnace belt with low combustion efficiency. In the present embodiment, for example, the high-efficiency belt has a combustion load factor of 40% or more and 60% or less, and the buffer belt has a combustion load of 60% and 80°/min. The following, and 30% or more are less than 40%, and the reduction belt has a combustion load rate of 20% or more and less than 30%, and the furnace belt has a combustion load rate of more than 80% but 100% or less. In the first boiler 21, the fifth boiler 25 is controlled to be a constant combustion state in which the combustion is performed while maintaining the amount of combustion, based on the finger 11 321251 201009258 from the control unit 4; Two combustion states of the combustion increase and decrease combustion state; and a combustion stop state. Further, in the present embodiment, the combustion capacities of the first boilers 21...the fifth boilers 25 are set to be equal. The control unit 4 includes an input unit 4A for inputting an electromagnetic signal, a calculation unit 4B, a database 4D, and an output unit 4E for outputting a control signal to each of the boilers constituting the boiler group 2, which are stored in a not shown The control system of the memory medium (for example, a hard disk) is read into the calculation unit 4B by a computer program, and the first boiler 21...the fifth boiler.25 of the boiler group 2 can be configured to be a constant control, increase/decrease control. The combustion control is performed in a manner of any combustion state in the combustion stop control in the combustion stop state. The input unit 4A is connected to the signal line 13, and the electromagnetic signal from the pressure sensor 7 relating to the pressure in the vapor tube header 6 is input to the input unit 4A via the signal line 13, and is sent to the arithmetic unit 4B. The calculation unit 4B calculates the current pressure (current value) PS and the deviation amount PD in the vapor tube header 6 based on the electromagnetic signal from the pressure sensor q input via the input unit 4A, from the boiler constituting the boiler group 2. Among them, the number of the constant control and the object to be subjected to the constant control are calculated, and the number of boilers for which the increase/decrease control is performed and the boiler to which the increase/decrease control is selected are calculated. Further, the deviation amount PD is defined by the deviation amount PD = current pressure PS - target value PT. The database 4D has the first database DB1 and the database DB2, and the first 12 321251 201009258 database DBi is used for the same-burning load rate of the boiler which is the object of combustion control in the crane furnace constituting the boiler group 2. In the case of the winding, the relationship between the number of the target units and the amount of vapor generated by the combustion load (4) (the amount of generated steam) is stored as a numerical data, and the second database DB2 is the number of objects of the boiler for which the increase/decrease control is performed. The data is stored in accordance with the amount of deviation PD. The first database DB1 is numerically represented by, for example, a graph showing the relationship between the amount of generated steam and the combustion load rate as shown in FIG. The composition of the post. Here, the straight lines u, ..., and L5 are divided into one set of five units. The number of targets and the combustion load rate of the boiler that generates the amount of black gas can be determined by the straight lines L1, ..., L5 as shown in Fig. 3 to determine the combustion load rate corresponding to the amount of steam to be produced. For example, when the required hot gas is set to 2500 (Kg/h), the burning rate is 50% in the straight line L5, 63% in the straight line L4, and burning in the straight line L3. The load rate is 83% crossed. That is to say, when the combustion rate is 5%, the combustion load rate is 63%, and the combustion load rate is 83%, which can produce 2500 when the combustion rate is 5%. (Kg / h) of the amount of steam. In addition, the first database DBI can be used to match the combustion load rate for combustion to any of the high efficiency belt, the buffer belt, the furnace belt, and the reduction belt. In this embodiment, there are two or more types of boilers. When the number of units is available for selection, the number of targets of the boiler is selected according to the corresponding combustion zone: the order of the high efficiency belt, the buffer belt, the furnace belt or the reduction belt, and the combustion at high combustion efficiency takes precedence. 321251 13 201009258 It can be seen from the above that in the case where the amount of steam generated is 2,500 (Kg/h), when the number of the boilers is five, the combustion load rate is 50°/. It belongs to the high efficiency belt; when it is 4 sets, the combustion load rate is about 63% and belongs to the buffer zone; when it is 3 sets, the combustion load rate is about 83% and belongs to the furnace belt, so it is 2500 (Kg/h). The amount of steam is such that five boilers are burned at a combustion load rate of 50% which is a high efficiency belt. Further, when the number of objects of two or more types to be selected for the same combustion is available, the combustion is performed with the least number of the units. In addition, the number of the boilers to be subjected to the constant control system may be calculated based on the number of the constant control, the amount of combustion required to secure the target value PT, and the combustion capacity of the boiler. The combustion load rate is calculated and controlled so that the valve opening degree of the combustion gas corresponds to the combustion load rate. The combustion load rate at this time is calculated, for example, by the following formula: Combustion load rate = amount of combustion required to generate the required amount of steam / (number of boilers that are subjected to constant control in the boiler group 2 X combustion of one boiler) Further, the selection of the target boiler for performing the constant control from the boiler group 2 is performed in accordance with the order of the constant control boiler selection, and the selection order in the present embodiment is based on the first boiler 21, the second boiler 22, the third boiler 23, and the 4 The order of the boiler 24 and the fifth boiler 25 (hereinafter referred to as ascending order) is selected. Further, in this embodiment, when the target of the constant combustion control boiler has been selected and the combustion control is started, the pressure value initially reaches the target. In the period from the value PT, the combustion rate of the boilers that are the target of the constant control is set to be equal to the load rate of the 14321251 201009258. The second database DB2 is set to correspond to the pressure, for example, in the correspondence table shown in the fourth figure. The first set value ρι, ..., and the fifth set value P5 of the value deviation amount PD are stored, and the number of targets of the boiler corresponding to the increase/decrease control is stored. Brother 1 set value P1... 5th The 疋 value P 5 is, for example, in the steel furnace group 2, the number of boilers that are not in the number of 苐4 diagrams is increased or decreased, that is, the deviation amount PD should be eliminated. In the case of "the range of the corresponding deviation amount (absolute value), the number of boilers indicated by the number of "increasing or decreasing the number of consoles" is increased or decreased. That is, when the absolute value of the deviation is the first value 1 set value Pl (〇.〇5MPa> above and less than the second set value P2 (0. lOMPa), increase or decrease control! The mine furnace; the second set value P2 or more and less than the third set value P3 ( 〇.i5MPa), increase or decrease control of two boilers; similarly, by controlling the four boilers by increasing or decreasing, the negative variability of the fifth set value P5 (0.25 MPa) can be eliminated. When the fifth set value P5 is exceeded (0·25 MPa), five boilers are controlled to increase or decrease. Therefore, the set value in Fig. 4 is, for example, a second set value P2 (〇.l〇MPa)> When the first set value of the PD2 is set to P1 (0. 05 MPa), the number of the target boilers to be increased or decreased is one. In this embodiment, the first set value P1..... Set value In addition, as for the increase/decrease control of the boiler, when the current pressure PS is equal to or greater than the first set value P1, for example, by increasing the valve opening degree of the fuel gas by a predetermined speed of 15321251 201009258 or Each of the boilers that are controlled to increase or decrease is increased or decreased in proportion to the elapsed time after the start of the increase/decrease control. The calculation of the number of targets of the increase/decrease control is based on a predetermined steam. The absolute value of the deviation between the target value PT of the pressure and the current pressure (current value) PS of the vapor in the vapor tube header 6 input to the calculation unit 4B via the input unit 4A is added to the data of the second database DB2. Correspondingly, the selection of the target boiler in which the increase/decrease control is performed in the boiler group 2 is performed in accordance with the increase/decrease control boiler selection order. Further, when calculating the number of target boilers for the increase/decrease control, the absolute value of the deviation amount PD is compared with the first set value PL··· the fifth set value P5. Fig. 5 is a view showing an example of the flow of the outline of the combustion control of the boiler group 2 of the present embodiment. In addition, Fig. 6 is an example of a flow chart for selecting an increase/decrease control from among the boilers that are normally controlled when the number of boilers for which the increase/decrease control is increased, and Fig. 7 is a diagram for reducing the boiler for increasing or decreasing control. In the case of the number of units, an example of a flow chart for moving from the increase/decrease control to the constant control is selected from among the boilers that are normally controlled. Further, the above-described flowchart is shown in the case where the number of times of the boiler that is normally controlled and the number of boilers that are controlled to increase or decrease is constant while the number of the boiler system 1 is maintained. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the control system of the number of target boilers and the combustion load rate of the boiler that is controlled to increase or decrease according to the deviation amount PD is classified into 4 according to the increase or decrease of the absolute value of the deviation amount PD and the absolute value of the deviation amount PD. In this case, when the absolute value of the deviation amount PD increases, the number of objects is increased. When the absolute value of the deviation amount PD decreases, the number of objects is reduced. When the deviation amount PD is negative, the combustion is increased. The load factor PD reduces the combustion load rate when the deviation amount PD is positive. _ When all the boilers constituting the boiler group 2 are constantly controlled, when the absolute value of the deviation amount PD is less than the first set value P1, the increase/decrease control is not started and the steady control is continued. In addition, when there is a boiler that is controlled to increase or decrease, when the absolute value of the deviation amount PD is reduced to less than the first set value P1, all the boilers will be constantly controlled from the increase and decrease control and the shifting behavior, and each boiler system The amount of combustion (combustion load rate) at the time of constant control of the increase/decrease control shift behavior is maintained. The order of increasing or decreasing the control boiler selection is to increase the order of the number of the boilers to be increased or decreased, and to increase the order of the increase and the order of reduction. The sequences are set to increase the combustion load rate and to make the combustion load. The rate is reduced. [When the number of targets of the boiler for increasing or decreasing control is increased (Fig. 8 [A]) ^ When the number of targets of the boiler for which the increase/decrease control is increased, the amount of combustion increases with the 锅炉 boiler group 2 When the combustion load rate is increased (Fig. 8 [AC]), when the increase in the combustion amount is increased while increasing the combustion amount, the boilers that are subjected to the constant control are sequentially selected from the lower side of the combustion load rate (S112). Moving to the increase/decrease control of increasing the combustion amount (S116), when the combustion load rate is lowered as the combustion amount of the boiler group 2 decreases (Fig. 8 [AD]), that is, the reduction ratio of the combustion amount is increased while reducing the combustion amount. In the case of the boiler that performs the constant control, the selection is made from the high side of the combustion load rate (S114) to the increase/decrease control (SI 16) of reducing the combustion amount. 17 321251 201009258 When the combustion load rate in the first boiler 21··· to the fifth boiler 25 is the same, if the combustion load rate of the boiler group 2 is to be increased, the same boiler will be upgraded when it is desired to burn. When the load factor is lowered, the boiler having the same combustion load rate is selected in accordance with the order of the fifth boiler 25, the fourth boiler 24, the third boiler 23, the second boiler 21, and the first furnace 21 (hereinafter referred to as the lowering). It consists of the way of reducing the object of control. [Reducing the order of the number of boilers in the increase/decrease control (Fig. 8 [B])] When the number of boilers in the increase/decrease control is reduced, the amount of combustion increases with the 锅炉 boiler group 2 When the combustion load rate is increased (Fig. 8 [BC]), that is, while increasing the combustion amount while reducing the increase ratio of the combustion amount, the boilers that perform the constant control are sequentially selected from the side of the high combustion load rate ( S122), the increase/decrease control is transferred to the steady control (S126), and when the combustion load rate is decreased as the combustion amount of the boiler group 2 decreases (Fig. 8 [BD]), the combustion amount is reduced while reducing the combustion amount. When the ratio is reduced, the increase/decrease control is shifted to the steady control (S126) by sequentially selecting from the lower side of the combustion load rate (S124) from the boiler that performs the increase/decrease control. When the combustion load ratios of the first boiler 21 to the fifth boiler 25 are the same, if the combustion load factor of the boiler group 2 is to be increased, the boiler having the same combustion load rate is lowered, and the combustion load is desired. When the rate is lowered, the boiler having the same combustion load rate is configured in accordance with the manner in which the boiler is selected. The output unit 4E is connected to the first boiler 21. The fifth boiler 25 is connected to the signal line 14 of the transmission signal, and the calculation unit 18B calculates the combustion control 18 321251 r 201009258 (constant control, increase/decrease control). The signal is sent to the first boiler 21.....the fifth boiler 25. The indication signal is composed of, for example, valve opening data of combustion control. * The steam pipe header 6 is connected to the five first boilers on the upstream side by the steam pipe 11. The fifth boiler 25 is connected to the steam-use device 18 on the downstream side by the steam pipe 12, The steam generated in the boiler group 2 is collected, and the pressure difference and the pressure fluctuation between the first boiler 21 and the fifth boiler 25 are adjusted to supply the steam to the steam use device 18. Further, a pressure sensor 7 is provided in the vapor tube header 6, and the vapor pressure in the vapor tube header 6 is converted into an electromagnetic signal by the pressure sensor 7. The steam use equipment 18 is a unit that is operated by steam from the steam tube header 6. Next, the operation of the boiler system 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 3 to 10 . The pressure target value PT of the steam pipe header 6 and the first set value P1 . . . to the fifth set value P5 are set in advance in the control unit 4. @ 1) Start the boiler system 1 and start operation. (S1) 2) The amount of steam generated in accordance with the required load is correlated with the first set value database DB1 (Fig. 3), and the number of targets of the boiler that performs the constant control is calculated. (S2) 3) Calculate the combustion load rate from the amount of steam generated and the number of targets to be controlled. 4) Secondly, according to the order of constant control of the boiler selection, the object of the constant control is selected to start. (S4) 'When the number of the boilers to be controlled in the boiler group 2 is four or less, the number of the target units is selected from the first boiler 21 to the fifth boiler 25 19 321251 201009258 from the boiler group 2 Boiler. In the above S1 to S4, before the current pressure value temporarily reaches the target value PT, the boiler system which is the target of the constant control among the boiler group 2 maintains the original object as it is. Further, the stage before reaching the target value PT may be a configuration in which some or all of the boilers are subjected to addition and subtraction control. 5) In the case of automatic operation, the boiler system constituting the boiler group 2 can be subjected to combustion control by the increase/decrease control, and the operation of the boiler system 1 is terminated when the automatic operation is completed. (S5) 6) The pressure in the vapor tube header 6 detected by the pressure sensor 7 is input to the calculation unit 4B via the input unit 4A of the © control unit 4, and the calculation unit 4B calculates the vapor tube header 6 Now pressure PS (S6). 7) Calculating the pressure deviation amount PD〇 from the target value PT and the current pressure PS (S7) 8) Calculating the boiler that performs the increase/decrease control by adding the absolute value of the deviation amount PD to the second database DB2 (Fig. 4). The number of objects (S8). 9) The number of targets of the boilers that increase or decrease the control is compared with the number of boilers in the current increase/decrease control, and the number of targets of the boilers for which the increase/decrease control is controlled is increased or decreased. (S9) In S9, the number of targets of the boiler that started the increase/decrease control (= (the number of boilers required for increase/decrease control) - (the number of boilers that are now controlled to increase or decrease) is zero. When the number of targets of the boiler that is subjected to the increase/decrease control is not increased or decreased, the flow proceeds to S5 via the counter CTRCS 13), and when it is not zero, it moves to S10 where the number of increase/decrease targets is reached. When the number of targets of boilers with increased or decreased control is not increased or decreased, and the number of boilers that are controlled to increase or decrease is maintained, the boilers that are now controlled to increase or decrease are still 20 321251.
I 201009258 續燃燒負荷率之增減。 1 〇)判斷進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數是增加或減少。 ' (S10) ' 於（S10)中，當開始前述增減控制的鍋爐之台數為正（+ ) 時，即移行至S11而增加進行增減控制的台數，當為負（-) 時則移行至S12而減少進行增減控制的台數。 11) 藉由將被定常控制的鋼爐加以增減控制而增加進行增 減控制的鍋爐之對象台數時，從鍋爐群2之中選擇開始 © 增減控制的對象鍋爐。（S11) 當欲藉由增減控制而提高鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率時， 從定常控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較低侧起依序選擇 (S112)，於藉由增減控制而欲降低鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率 時，則從進行定常控制的鍋爐之中燃燒負荷率較大侧依序 選擇（S114)。 此時，當第1鍋爐21.....第5鍋爐25之中存有燃 π燒負荷率相同者時，在提昇鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率時則從 ◎ 燃燒負荷率相同的鍋爐之中以昇順選擇，在降低燃燒負荷 率時則從燃燒負荷率相同的鍋爐之中以降順選擇進行增減 控制的對象。 12) 當選擇了欲增減控制之對象的鍋爐後即移行至增減控 制。（S116) 13) 於藉由將進行增減控制的鍋爐加以定常控制而減少進 行增減控制的鍋爐之台數時可選擇移行至定常控制的 對象之鍋爐。（S12) 21 321251 201009258 當欲藉由增減控制而提昇鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率時， 於進行增減控制的鍋爐之中從燃燒負荷率較高者依序選擇 (S122)，當欲藉由增減控制而降低鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率 時，於進行增減控制的鍋爐之中從燃燒負荷率較低者依序 選擇（S124)〇 此時，第1鍋爐21、…、第5鍋爐25之中存有燃燒 負荷率相同者時，當提昇鍋爐群2之燃燒負荷率時則從燃 燒負荷率相同的鍋爐之中依昇順，當欲降低燃燒負荷率 時，則從燃燒負荷率相同的鍋爐之中依降順選擇進行定常 © 控制的對象。 14) 若選擇了移行至定常控制的對象鍋爐，則將該對象鍋爐 從增減控制移行至定常控制。（S126) 15) 關於該增減控制之流程係於對應計數器CTR之計數時 間的週期内進行。（S13) 16) 當鍋爐系統1在自動運轉中時作為增減控制之對象的 鍋爐係繼續增減控制，當終了自動運轉的訊號輸入時則 _ 終了鍋爐系統1之運轉（S5)。亦即，自動運轉中係重複 S5 至 S13。 其次，關於依據壓力值之變動而進行的鍋爐群2之燃 燒控制，以第9圖、第10圖為例進行說明。 第9圖係以時間為橫軸，壓力值為縱軸，例示有當鍋 爐系統1之運轉開始後的時間經過和壓力變動，第10圖係 示意性地圖示有構成鍋爐群2的第1鍋爐21.....第5鍋 爐25之燃燒控制狀態。 22 321251 * 201009258 於第9圖、第10圖中，方便上係將目標值PT設為0. 5 MPa，鍋爐群2之中進行定常控制的台數定為5台，藉由使 該5彈以燃燒負荷率50%進行定常控制而達成目標值PT。 C. ' 於此例中，第1鍋爐21.....第5鍋爐25等5台鍋 爐係全部被選择為定常控制之對象，第1鍋爐21、…、第 5鍋爐25係全部以燃燒負荷率50%進行定常燃燒。（第10 圖（A)) 結果，蒸氣管集箱6内之蒸氣壓力係到達目標值ΡΤ0. 5 ❹MPa。（第9圖「A」） 當壓力值到達目標值PT後，例如係增加蒸氣使用設備 18之蒸氣使用量，若如第9圖「B1」所示的壓力值降低， 則於偏差量PD未滿第1設定值P1之間，5台第1鍋爐 21.....第5鍋爐25係以燃燒負荷率50%維持定常控制。 一但偏差量PD之絕對值成為第1設定值P1以上（第9 圖「C1」），則第1鍋爐21.....第5鍋爐25等5台鍋爐 _之中將有1台被選擇而從定常控制移行至增減控制。 於該實施形態中，係第1鍋爐21被選擇而移行至增減 控制（第10圖（B))。 當將第1鍋爐21增減控制而增加燃燒量後，若變動變 得更大且偏差量PD之絕對值成為第2設定值P2以上（第9 圖「C2」），則進行定常控制的4台鍋爐第2鍋爐22..... 第5鍋爐25之中將有1台被選擇而從定常控制移行至增減 控制。於此實施形態中，將選擇第2鍋爐22而將其移行至 增減控制（第10圖（C))。 23 323251 201009258 前述第1鍋爐21與第2鍋爐22之增減控制係於第4 圖的偏差值之絕對值之範圍為設定值P2以上未滿P3之間 繼續。 將第1鍋爐21、第2鍋爐22增減控制且增加燃燒量 而藉此使偏差量PD變成未滿第2設定值P2(第9圖「C3」）， 若第4圖的偏差值之絕對值的範圍進入設定值P1以上、未 滿P2，則藉由增減控制而增加燃燒量的2台锅爐第1銷爐 21、第2鍋爐22之中將有1台被選擇而從增減控制移行至 定常控制。於該實施形態中，由於先開始增減控制的第1 © 鍋爐21比第2鍋爐22的燃燒負荷率高，故選擇第1鍋爐 21將其從增減控制移行至定常控制。（第10圖（D)) 若藉由增減控制第2鍋爐22而使變動變小且偏差量 PD未滿第1設定值P1(第9圖「C4」）則進行增減控制的第 2鍋爐22將被選擇而從增減控制移行至定常控制。（第10 圖（E)) 結果，構成鍋爐群2的5台鍋爐，即第1鍋爐21..... ^ 第5鍋爐25等5台鍋爐全部都成為定常控制。 之後，於構成鍋爐群2的5台鍋爐全部即第1鍋爐 21.....第5鍋爐25成為定常控制的狀態下壓力值例如為 目標值PT以上（第9圖「B2」）時，於偏差量PD之絕對值 未滿第1設定值P1時，5台鍋爐全部係繼續第1鍋爐 21.....第5鍋爐25之定常控制。（第10圖（E)) 之後，例如蒸氣壓力降低（第9圖「B3」），但若偏差 量PD之絕對值未滿第1設定值P1，則不會重新將鍋爐增 24 321251 201009258 ► 減控制，構成鍋爐群2的5台鍋爐全部仍將繼續第1銷爐 21.....第5鍋爐25之定常控制。（第1〇圖（ε)) , 依據本實施形態之控制部4，構成鍋爐群2的5台鋼 爐之中加以增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數係將偏差量pD之 絕對值與第1設定值P1.....第5設定值P5附加對應而 异出，其可與鍋爐群2之合計負荷率無關地將可確保適於 Ο 將蒸氣管集箱6内之壓力變動加以調整之燃燒量的台數之 鋼爐予以增減控制。 結果，可以將蒸氣管集箱6内之蒸氣壓力以快 並且使其軟著陸於目標值PT，且可抑制蒸氣壓力 之過衝和反覆不停的產生。 刀 h二Γ ’於藉由增減控制而提昇燃燒負荷率時係從定沓 控制的對象Γ 侧起依序選擇進行増減 常控制的i壤::由增減控制而降低燃燒負荷率時係從ί ®滅技制的對象，==較高侧起依序選擇進行増 變動幅度。糟此叮確保較大之可藉由增減控制調整的 增:抑=:2Γ進行増減控制的錄爐之對 次 數。 故、、，。果也可抑制鋼爐群2中的啟動停止 此外，pfa "fcv 壚間之鴆燒負2之中糟由定常控制而燃燒的各鍋 常控制的_== 抑制，故可輕易算出進行定 於鶴煻鮮2之中：數…於鋼爐系統1全體中亦可抑制 中只際進行燃燒的台數 32125] 25 201009258 另外，藉由鍋爐群2之中以定常控制而抑制各鍋爐彼 此間燃燒負荷率的差擴大，例如可以易於將鍋爐群2之燃 燒控制於高效率帶或其附近而易於達成節能的效果。 依據本實施形態之控制部4及鍋爐系統1，從鍋爐群2 之運轉開始直到到達目標值PT為止之間，於鍋爐群2中進 行定常控制的鍋爐之台數係對照第1資料庫DB1而算出， 進行增減控制的鍋爐之對象台數係對應於第2資料庫DB2 而算出，藉此可以輕易地算出進行定常控制的鍋爐以及進 行增減控制的鍋爐之台數。 ® 又，本發明並非被上述實施形態所限定者，於不逸脫 本發明之趣旨的範圍内可以進行種種變更。 例如，於前述實施形態中，構成鍋爐系統1的鍋爐群 2雖以由5台鍋爐構成之情形為例進行說明，但亦可由2 台以上之任意台數的鍋爐構成鍋爐群。 另外，於前述實施形態之中，雖以構成鍋爐群2的鍋 爐係設定有同等燃燒能力之情形為例進行說明，但亦可於 _ 構成鍋爐群2的鍋爐之一部份或全部設定有與其他鍋爐不 同的燃燒能力而加以燃燒控制。 於前述實施形態中，雖以鍋爐群2之中進行增減控制 的鍋爐之對象台數係藉由將偏差量PD與第2資料庫DB2附 加對應的方式而算出的情形為例進行說明，但例如亦可採 用於運算部4藉由運算而算出的構成。 又，於前述實施形態中，雖以當燃燒開始時進行定常 控制的鍋爐之對象台數及燃燒負荷率係於第1資料庫DB1 26 321251 201009258I 201009258 Continued increase or decrease of combustion load rate. 1 〇) The number of targets of the boiler that determines the increase/decrease control is increased or decreased. '(S10) ' In (S10), when the number of boilers that start the above-mentioned increase/decrease control is positive (+), the shift to S11 increases the number of increments and decrements, and when it is negative (-) Then, the process proceeds to S12 to reduce the number of increments and decrements. 11) When the number of boilers to be subjected to the increase/decrease control is increased by increasing or decreasing the steel furnace to be controlled, the boiler of the increase/decrease control is selected from the boiler group 2. (S11) When the combustion load rate of the boiler group 2 is to be increased by the increase/decrease control, the combustion load rate of the boiler that is normally controlled is selected from the lower side (S112), and the control is performed by increasing or decreasing the control. When the combustion load factor of the boiler group 2 is lowered, the combustion load rate of the boiler that performs the constant control is sequentially selected (S114). At this time, when the first boiler 21.....the fifth boiler 25 has the same combustion load rate, when the combustion load factor of the boiler group 2 is increased, the boiler having the same combustion load rate is used. In the case of lowering the combustion load rate, the control is to increase or decrease the control from the boiler with the same combustion load rate. 12) Move to the increase/decrease control when the boiler to be controlled or decreased is selected. (S116) 13) The boiler that can be moved to the constant control can be selected when the number of boilers for which the increase/decrease control is reduced by the constant control of the boiler that performs the increase/decrease control. (S12) 21 321251 201009258 When the combustion load rate of the boiler group 2 is to be increased by the increase/decrease control, the boilers that perform the increase/decrease control are sequentially selected from the higher combustion load rate (S122), when they want to borrow When the combustion load rate of the boiler group 2 is lowered by the increase/decrease control, the boilers that perform the increase/decrease control are sequentially selected from the lower combustion load rate (S124). At this time, the first boiler 21, ..., the fifth When the combustion load rate is the same among the boilers 25, when the combustion load rate of the boiler group 2 is increased, the boilers with the same combustion load rate are upgraded. When the combustion load rate is to be lowered, the combustion load rate is the same. Among the boilers, the object of constant control is controlled by the descending selection. 14) If the target boiler that has moved to the constant control is selected, the target boiler is moved from the increase and decrease control to the steady control. (S126) 15) The flow of the increase/decrease control is performed in a period corresponding to the count time of the counter CTR. (S13) 16) When the boiler system 1 is in automatic operation, the boiler system that is the target of the increase/decrease control continues to increase or decrease the control, and when the signal of the automatic operation is input, the operation of the boiler system 1 is terminated (S5). That is, S5 to S13 are repeated during automatic operation. Next, the combustion control of the boiler group 2 based on the fluctuation of the pressure value will be described with reference to Figs. 9 and 10 as an example. In the ninth diagram, the time is the horizontal axis and the pressure value is the vertical axis, and the time lapse and pressure fluctuation after the start of the operation of the boiler system 1 are exemplified. FIG. 10 schematically shows the first one constituting the boiler group 2. Boiler 21..... The combustion control state of the fifth boiler 25. 22 321251 * 201009258 In Figure 9 and Figure 10, it is convenient to set the target value PT to 0. 5 MPa, and the number of constant control in the boiler group 2 is set to 5, by making the 5 bombs The target value PT is achieved by performing constant control at a combustion load rate of 50%. C. In this example, all of the five boilers, such as the first boiler 21.....the fifth boiler 25, are selected for the purpose of constant control, and the first boiler 21, ..., and the fifth boiler 25 are all The combustion load rate is 50% for constant combustion. 5 ❹ MPa. As a result, the vapor pressure in the vapor tube header 6 reaches the target value ΡΤ0.5 MPa. (Fig. 9 "A") When the pressure value reaches the target value PT, for example, the steam usage amount of the steam use device 18 is increased. If the pressure value shown in Fig. 9 "B1" is lowered, the deviation amount PD is not Between the first set value P1 and the five first boilers 21. The fifth boiler 25 maintains the constant control at a combustion load factor of 50%. When the absolute value of the deviation amount PD is equal to or greater than the first set value P1 (Fig. 9 "C1"), one of the five boilers, such as the first boiler 21.....the fifth boiler 25, will be Select and move from steady control to increase and decrease control. In this embodiment, the first boiler 21 is selected and moved to the increase/decrease control (Fig. 10(B)). When the first boiler 21 is increased or decreased and the amount of combustion is increased, if the fluctuation becomes larger and the absolute value of the deviation amount PD becomes equal to or greater than the second set value P2 (Fig. 9 "C2"), the steady control is performed. The second boiler of the boiler is 22..... One of the fifth boilers 25 is selected and moved from the steady control to the increase/decrease control. In this embodiment, the second boiler 22 is selected and moved to the increase/decrease control (Fig. 10(C)). 23 323251 201009258 The increase/decrease control of the first boiler 21 and the second boiler 22 is such that the absolute value of the deviation value in Fig. 4 is between the set value P2 and not more than P3. The first boiler 21 and the second boiler 22 are controlled to increase or decrease, and the amount of combustion is increased, whereby the deviation amount PD is less than the second set value P2 (Fig. 9 "C3"), and the deviation value of the fourth figure is absolute. When the range of values enters the set value P1 or more and is less than P2, the two boilers that increase the amount of combustion by the increase/decrease control are selected from the first pin furnace 21 and the second boiler 22, and are increased or decreased. Controls the transition to steady control. In this embodiment, since the first © boiler 21 that starts the increase/decrease control has a higher combustion load rate than the second boiler 22, the first boiler 21 is selected to move from the increase/decrease control to the steady control. (Fig. 10(D)) When the second boiler 22 is controlled to increase or decrease, the fluctuation is reduced, and the deviation amount PD is less than the first set value P1 (Fig. 9 "C4"), and the second increase/decrease control is performed. The boiler 22 will be selected to move from the increase and decrease control to the steady control. (Fig. 10(E)) As a result, the five boilers constituting the boiler group 2, that is, the first boiler 21... ^ The fifth boiler 25 and the like all of the five boilers are in constant control. After that, when the pressure value is, for example, the target value PT or more (Fig. 9 "B2"), the pressure value is, for example, the target value PT or more in the state where the fifth boiler 25 of the five boilers that constitute the boiler group 2 is in the steady state control. When the absolute value of the deviation amount PD is less than the first set value P1, all of the five boilers continue the constant control of the first boiler 21.....the fifth boiler 25. (Fig. 10(E)), for example, the vapor pressure is lowered (Fig. 9 "B3"). However, if the absolute value of the deviation amount PD is less than the first set value P1, the boiler will not be re-applied 24 321251 201009258 ► Under the control of the reduction, all the five boilers constituting the boiler group 2 will continue to control the constant control of the first pin furnace 21.....the fifth boiler 25. (1st diagram (ε)) According to the control unit 4 of the present embodiment, the number of the boilers to be increased or decreased among the five steel furnaces constituting the boiler group 2 is the absolute value of the deviation amount pD. (1) The set value P1.....the fifth set value P5 is added to the corresponding value, and it can be adjusted to be suitable for the pressure fluctuation in the steam tube header 6 irrespective of the total load factor of the boiler group 2. The steel furnace of the number of combustions is increased or decreased. As a result, the vapor pressure in the vapor tube header 6 can be made fast and softly landed on the target value PT, and the overshoot and the repeated generation of the vapor pressure can be suppressed. When the combustion load rate is increased by the increase/decrease control, the 壤 増 从 依 依 依 依 依 依 依 依 依 依 依 依 依 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : From the object of the ί ® technology, the == higher side selects the range of change. The reason for this is to ensure that the increase can be increased by the increase or decrease of the control: == 2Γ The number of times the furnace is controlled by the reduction. Therefore, ,,. It is also possible to suppress the start-stop in the steel furnace group 2. In addition, the pfa "fcv 鸩 鸩 负 2 2 由 由 由 由 由 由 由 由 由 由 由 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各 各Among the cranes 2: the number of the steel furnace system 1 can also suppress the number of combustions in the middle only 32125] 25 201009258 In addition, by the constant control of the boiler group 2, the combustion of each boiler is suppressed. The difference in the load factor is widened, and for example, the combustion of the boiler group 2 can be easily controlled to the high-efficiency zone or the vicinity thereof, and the effect of energy saving can be easily achieved. According to the control unit 4 and the boiler system 1 of the present embodiment, the number of boilers that are normally controlled in the boiler group 2 is compared with the first database DB1 from the start of the operation of the boiler group 2 until the target value PT is reached. It is calculated that the number of the boilers to be subjected to the increase/decrease control is calculated in accordance with the second database DB2, whereby the number of boilers that perform the constant control and the number of boilers that perform the increase and decrease control can be easily calculated. Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the boiler group 2 constituting the boiler system 1 is described by taking five boilers as an example. However, the boiler group may be constituted by two or more boilers. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the boiler system constituting the boiler group 2 is set to have the same combustion capability will be described as an example. However, some or all of the boilers constituting the boiler group 2 may be provided with or Other boilers have different combustion capabilities for combustion control. In the above-described embodiment, the number of the boilers that are controlled by the increase or decrease in the boiler group 2 is calculated by adding the deviation amount PD to the second database DB2 as an example. For example, it is also possible to adopt a configuration that is calculated by the calculation unit 4 by calculation. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the number of the boilers and the combustion load rate of the boiler which are subjected to the constant control at the start of combustion are in the first database DB1 26 321251 201009258
I 與蒸氣產生量對照而算出的情形為例進行說明，但例如亦 可採用為了快速確保蒸氣而發出使其急速燃燒的加速燃燒 Ψ 指令而使所有的鍋爐以燃燒負荷率100%開始燃燒，每當偏 « * 差量PD到達未滿第5設定值P5.....第1設定值P1之範 圍時即將以燃燒負荷率100%燃燒的台數一邊減少1台一邊 提昇鍋爐群2之運轉的構成。 另外，於前述實施形態中，雖以於鍋爐群2之中算出 進行增減控制之對象台數用的第1設定值P1.....第5設 ❹定值P5之各設定值為等間隔時的情形為例進行說明，但亦 可使第1設定值.....第5設定值P5之間隔為不同間隔， 例如，亦可於以一部份或全部具有不同燃燒能力的鍋爐構 成鍋爐群2時，將第1設定值P1.....第5設定值P5之 各設定值因應付數個锅爐之最大燃燒量的大想而設定，另 外，隨著距離目標值PT之偏差量PD越大則以第1設定值 P1.....第5設定值P5之各設定值的間隔越小（例如第1 @ 台為 0. 05MPa，第 2 台為 0. 04MPa，第 3 台為 0. 03MPa、…） 的方式設定亦可，或越大的方式設定亦可，可採用種種不 同構成。 另外，於上述實施形態中，雖以偏差量PD之第1設定 值P1為0. 05、第2設定值P2為0. 10.....第5設定值為 0. 25的情形進行說明，但於鍋爐群2之一部份因維修、故 障等而無法運轉時的情形中，對於構成第2資料庫DB2的 偏差量PD例如當锅爐群2之中的1台無法運轉時，亦可採 用代替第5設定值P5而使第4設定值P4為0. 25，且將至 27 321251I will be described by taking an example of the amount of steam generated in comparison with the amount of steam generated. For example, it is also possible to use an accelerated combustion 指令 command for rapidly ensuring the steam to be quickly burned, so that all the boilers start to burn at a combustion load factor of 100%. When the partial deviation «* difference PD reaches the range of the fifth set value P5.....the first set value P1, the number of combustions at the combustion load rate of 100% is reduced by one while the boiler group 2 is raised. The composition of the operation. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the first setting value P1.....the setting value of the fifth setting value P5 for calculating the number of the target for increasing or decreasing control is calculated in the boiler group 2, and the like. The case of the interval is described as an example, but the interval between the first set value and the fifth set value P5 may be set to be different intervals, for example, a boiler having a part or all of different combustion capacities may be used. When the boiler group 2 is configured, the respective set values of the first set value P1.....the fifth set value P5 are set for the maximum combustion amount of a plurality of boilers, and the distance target value PT is set. MPa, the second set is 0. 04MPa, the second set is 0. 04MPa, the second set is 0. 04MPa, the second set is 0. 04MPa, the first set value P1..... The third stage may be set to 0. 03 MPa, ...), or may be set in a larger manner, and various configurations may be employed. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the first set value P1 of the deviation amount PD is 0.05, and the second set value P2 is 0. 10.... The fifth set value is 0.25. In the case where one of the boiler groups 2 cannot be operated due to maintenance, failure, or the like, the deviation amount PD constituting the second database DB2 is, for example, when one of the boiler groups 2 cannot be operated. The fourth set value P4 may be used instead of the fifth set value P5 to be 0.25, and will be up to 27 321251.
I 201009258 第4設定值P4為止之偏差量平均分攤於4台的構成。 另外，於前述實施形態中，雖以在經過了 S1至S4的 動作後依據偏差量而將對象鍋爐進行增減控制的情形為例 進行說明，但亦可為不包含S1至S4之構成，或亦可藉由 其他構成實現於S1至S4記載之部分。 此外，於前述實施形態中，雖以進行增減控制的鍋爐 之順序係根據構成鍋爐群2的各鍋爐之燃燒負荷率而加以 選擇的情形進行說明，但亦可採用上述以外之順序例如根 據預先決定的固定順序而選擇進行增減控制的鍋爐之構 Θ 成。 另外，於前述實施形態中，雖以構成鍋爐群2的鍋爐 係蒸氣鍋爐，且根據偏差量進行控制的控制對象為蒸氣壓 力之情形為例進行說明，但亦可取代蒸氣壓力而例如根據 產生蒸氣量等之偏差量而進行控制，或亦可適用於以熱水 溫度等為控制對象的熱水锅爐。 另外，亦可採用取代第1資料庫DB卜第2資料庫DB2 _ 而經由其他參數算出前述雙方或其中一方，或亦可採用僅 由運算部4B的運算算出的構成。 另外，雖以採用硬碟作為儲存電腦程式用之記憶媒體 的情形為例進行說明，但除了硬碟以外，例如亦可採用軟 碟、光碟、光磁碟、CD-ROM、CD-R、磁帶、非易失性記憶 體卡（nonvolatile memory card)、R0M(Read Only Memory) 等。另外，不僅可藉由以運算部執行所讀取的電腦程式而 實現上述實施形態之作用，亦包含依據該電腦程式之指示 28 321251 201009258 而由於運算部運作的os(作業系統）等而進行實際處理之部 分或全部，且藉由該處理而實現前述實施形態之作用的情 形。此外，當然亦包含從記憶媒體中所讀取的電腦程式寫 « ^ 入了與插入運算部的功能擴張板、或連接至運算部的功能 擴張單元所具有的記憶體後，依據該程式之指示，由該功 能擴張板、或功能擴張單元中所具有的CPU等進行實際處 理之部分或全部，且藉由該處理而實現前述實施形態之作 用時的情形。 ®【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係表示本發明一實施形態之鍋爐系統的概略構 成的圖。 第2圖係表示本發明一實施形態之鍋爐之燃燒帶的 圖。 第3圖係示有本發明一實施形態之第1資料庫之概念 的圖。 ^ 第4圖係示有本發明一實施形態之第2資料庫的圖。 第5圖係示有本發明一實施形態之控制部所進行的鍋 爐系統控制的流程圖。 第6圖係示有於第5圖所示的流程圖之進行增減控制 的台數增加時之選擇順序的圖。 第7圖示有於第5圖所示的流程圖之進行增減控制的 台數減少時之選擇順序的圖。 第8圖係說明本發明一實施形態之進行增減控制的鍋 爐之控制内容的圖。 29 321251 201009258 第9圖係示有用以說明本發明一實施形態之鍋爐系統 之作用的壓力變動例的圖。 第10圖（A)至（E)係說明本發明一實施形態之鍋爐系 統之作用的圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 2 鍋爐群 4A 輸入部 4D 資料庫 6 蒸氣管集箱 11 蒸氣管 13 訊號線 18 蒸氣使用設備 1 鍋爐系統 4 控制部（控制系統） 4B 運算部 4E 輸出部 7 壓力感測器 12 蒸氣管 14 訊號線 21、22、23、24、25 鍋爐 PI、P2、P3、P4、P5 設定值 PD 偏差量 PS 現在壓力（現狀值） PT 目標值 30 321251I 201009258 The amount of deviation from the fourth set value P4 is evenly distributed to four units. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the target boiler is controlled to increase or decrease according to the amount of deviation after the operation of S1 to S4 is described as an example, but the configuration may not include S1 to S4, or The parts described in S1 to S4 can also be realized by other configurations. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the order of the boilers for which the increase/decrease control is performed is selected based on the combustion load rate of each of the boilers constituting the boiler group 2. However, the order other than the above may be used, for example, according to the foregoing. The configuration of the boiler for which the increase/decrease control is selected is determined in a fixed order. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the boiler-based steam boiler constituting the boiler group 2 and the control target controlled by the amount of deviation are vapor pressures are described as an example. However, instead of the vapor pressure, for example, steam may be generated. The amount of deviation or the like is controlled, or it can be applied to a hot water boiler that is controlled by hot water temperature or the like. Further, instead of the first database DB, the second database DB2_, the two or both of the above may be calculated via other parameters, or a configuration calculated only by the calculation by the calculation unit 4B may be employed. In addition, although a case where a hard disk is used as a memory medium for storing a computer program is described as an example, in addition to a hard disk, for example, a floppy disk, a compact disk, an optical disk, a CD-ROM, a CD-R, or a magnetic tape may be used. , nonvolatile memory card, ROM (Read Only Memory), etc. In addition, the operation of the above-described embodiment can be realized not only by executing the read computer program by the calculation unit, but also by using the os (operation system) operated by the calculation unit in accordance with the instruction of the computer program 28 321251 201009258. A part or all of the processing, and the action of the foregoing embodiment is achieved by the processing. In addition, of course, the computer program read from the memory medium writes the memory of the function expansion board of the insertion calculation unit or the function expansion unit connected to the calculation unit, and then according to the instruction of the program. A part or all of the actual processing is performed by the function expansion board or the CPU included in the function expansion unit, and the operation of the above embodiment is realized by the processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a boiler system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a view showing a combustion belt of a boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a view showing the concept of a first database according to an embodiment of the present invention. ^ Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a second database according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing the control of the boiler system by the control unit according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a view showing a selection procedure in the case where the number of increment/decrease control performed in the flowchart shown in Fig. 5 is increased. Fig. 7 is a view showing a selection procedure in the case where the number of increment/decrease control in the flowchart shown in Fig. 5 is reduced. Fig. 8 is a view for explaining the control contents of the boiler which is controlled by the increase/decrease of an embodiment of the present invention. 29 321251 201009258 Fig. 9 is a view showing an example of pressure variation for explaining the action of the boiler system according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 (A) to (E) are views for explaining the action of the boiler system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 2 Boiler group 4A Input part 4D Data bank 6 Steam tube header 11 Steam tube 13 Signal line 18 Vapor use equipment 1 Boiler system 4 Control unit (control system) 4B Calculation unit 4E Output unit 7 Pressure sensing 12 Steam tube 14 Signal line 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Boiler PI, P2, P3, P4, P5 Set value PD deviation amount PS Current pressure (status value) PT Target value 30 321251