JP2001201001A - Multi-boiler installing system provded with device for controlling the number of boilers - Google Patents
Multi-boiler installing system provded with device for controlling the number of boilersInfo
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- JP2001201001A JP2001201001A JP2000008309A JP2000008309A JP2001201001A JP 2001201001 A JP2001201001 A JP 2001201001A JP 2000008309 A JP2000008309 A JP 2000008309A JP 2000008309 A JP2000008309 A JP 2000008309A JP 2001201001 A JP2001201001 A JP 2001201001A
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- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- boilers
- steam
- pressure
- boiler
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- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ボイラの多缶設置シス
テムに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a boiler multi-can installation system.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】ボイラを多数台(3台以上)設置し、蒸
気圧力が所定の制御圧力幅内を保つように個々のボイラ
の燃焼状態を調節するボイラの多缶設置システムが知ら
れている。蒸気ボイラの多缶設置システムの場合、各ボ
イラで発生した蒸気はスチームヘッダに集合させて蒸気
使用機器へ供給しており、スチームヘッダに設けた圧力
検出装置によって検出した蒸気圧力値に基づいて台数制
御を行う。台数制御では、多数の圧力区分を設定し、圧
力区分ごとにボイラの燃焼状態を定めておき、スチーム
ヘッダで検出した蒸気圧力値がどの圧力区分に該当する
かによって行うべきボイラの燃焼状態を求め、ボイラの
熱出力を制御する。圧力区分は一定の間隔で定めてお
き、蒸気圧力値が高圧側の圧力区分に移るほどボイラの
熱出力を少なくし、逆に低圧側の圧力区分に移るほどボ
イラの熱出力を多くする。ボイラの熱出力は蒸気の発生
量であり、蒸気使用機器の必要熱量は蒸気の使用量であ
るため、蒸気の発生量が蒸気の使用量より大きければス
チームヘッダでの蒸気圧力は上昇し、蒸気の発生量が蒸
気の使用量より小さければ蒸気圧力は低下することとな
り、蒸気圧力値が制御圧力幅内を保つように制御する。2. Description of the Related Art A boiler multi-can installation system is known in which a large number of boilers (three or more) are installed and the combustion state of each boiler is adjusted so that the steam pressure is kept within a predetermined control pressure range. . In the case of a multi-can steam boiler installation system, the steam generated by each boiler is collected in a steam header and supplied to equipment that uses steam, and the number of steam boilers is determined based on the steam pressure value detected by a pressure detector installed in the steam header. Perform control. In unit number control, a number of pressure sections are set, the boiler combustion state is determined for each pressure section, and the boiler combustion state to be performed is determined based on which pressure section the steam pressure value detected by the steam header corresponds to. Control the heat output of the boiler. The pressure sections are set at regular intervals, and the heat output of the boiler decreases as the steam pressure value moves to the high pressure side pressure section, and conversely, the heat output of the boiler increases as the steam pressure value moves to the low pressure side pressure section. Since the heat output of the boiler is the amount of steam generated, and the required heat of the equipment using steam is the amount of steam used, if the amount of steam generated is greater than the amount of steam used, the steam pressure at the steam header will increase, Is smaller than the amount of steam used, the steam pressure decreases, and the steam pressure is controlled so as to be kept within the control pressure range.
【0003】多缶設置の場合、個々のボイラは、高燃焼
・低燃焼・停止の3位置で燃焼制御し、低燃焼は高燃焼
の約半分の熱出力であるボイラを使用するのが一般的で
ある。この場合、停止しているボイラを低燃焼又は低燃
焼行っているボイラを高燃焼とすることで、熱出力は増
加し、逆に低燃焼を行っているボイラを停止又は高燃焼
を行っているボイラを低燃焼とすることで、熱出力は減
少する。また、台数制御は、複数台のボイラを組とし、
組内のボイラは同じ燃焼状態となるように、組単位で燃
焼を制御しており、複数台のボイラの燃焼状態を同時に
変更することもある。燃焼量を低燃焼と高燃焼の間で変
更する場合は、燃料及び空気の供給量を変更するだけで
行えるため、短時間で蒸気発生量を変化させることがで
きるが、停止していたボイラの燃焼を開始する場合、プ
レパージなどの時間が必要であるために、燃焼開始指令
から実際に蒸気を発生させ始めるまでに比較的長い時間
が掛かる。[0003] In the case of multi-can installation, each boiler controls the combustion in three positions of high combustion, low combustion, and stop, and the low combustion generally uses a boiler having a heat output about half that of the high combustion. It is. In this case, by setting the boiler that is stopped to low combustion or low combustion to high combustion, the heat output increases, and conversely, the boiler that is performing low combustion is stopped or high combustion is performed. By making the boiler low burning, the heat output is reduced. In addition, the unit control consists of a group of multiple boilers,
Combustion is controlled for each set so that the boilers in the set have the same combustion state, and the combustion states of a plurality of boilers may be changed at the same time. When changing the combustion amount between low combustion and high combustion, it can be done only by changing the supply amount of fuel and air, so the steam generation amount can be changed in a short time. When the combustion is started, a relatively long time is required from the combustion start command to the actual start of the generation of steam because a time such as a pre-purge is required.
【0004】ボイラの設置台数が多いために圧力区分を
多くし、圧力区分の圧力幅を狭く設定している場合に
は、燃焼開始の出力から実際に蒸気が発生するまでの間
に蒸気圧力値が低下してさらに低圧側の圧力区分とな
り、本来なら燃焼を行う必要のないボイラに対して燃焼
を開始させることがある。この場合、蒸気供給が始まる
と熱出力が大きくなりすぎているために蒸気圧力が急上
昇し、逆に燃焼台数を減少する出力を行わなければなら
なくなり、再び熱出力を大きく変化させるということを
繰り返す発振現象を引き起こすことがある。If the number of boilers is large and the number of pressure sections is increased and the pressure range of the pressure sections is set to be narrow, the steam pressure value is set between the output of the start of combustion and the actual generation of steam. Is reduced to become a pressure section on the lower pressure side, and combustion may be started for a boiler which normally does not need to perform combustion. In this case, when the steam supply starts, the heat output becomes too large, so that the steam pressure sharply increases, and conversely, an output must be performed to reduce the number of burned fuels. Oscillation may occur.
【0005】図3は、高燃焼・低燃焼・停止で燃焼を制
御する3位置燃焼制御のボイラを8台設置し、制御圧力
幅を0.70MPa〜0.85MPaとした場合の従来の台数制御の例
である。簡略化のためにボイラ1台当たりの熱出力の値
を、低燃焼の場合には1、高燃焼の場合には2としてい
る。0.70MPa〜0.85MPaの制御圧力幅内に15の圧力区分
と、制御圧力幅の上下に2つの圧力区分を設定し、全部
で17の圧力区分を定め、圧力区分ごとにボイラの燃焼
状態を定めている。8台のボイラには燃焼の優先順位を
定めておき、優先順位が上位のものから順に燃焼を行
う。ボイラの燃焼状態は、高燃焼の場合を「H」、低燃
焼の場合を「L」、停止の場合を「−」で示しており、
各燃焼状態におけるボイラ全体での熱出力の値を記載し
ている。FIG. 3 shows an example of conventional unit control in the case where eight boilers of three-position combustion control for controlling combustion in high combustion, low combustion, and stop and the control pressure width is set to 0.70 MPa to 0.85 MPa. It is. For simplicity, the value of the heat output per boiler is set to 1 for low combustion and 2 for high combustion. Set 15 pressure divisions within the control pressure range of 0.70MPa to 0.85MPa, and two pressure divisions above and below the control pressure width, determine a total of 17 pressure divisions, and determine the boiler combustion state for each pressure division ing. The priority order of combustion is determined for the eight boilers, and combustion is performed in order from the one with the highest priority. The combustion state of the boiler is indicated by "H" for high combustion, "L" for low combustion, and "-" for stop,
The values of the heat output of the entire boiler in each combustion state are described.
【0006】蒸気圧力値が0.85MPaよりも高い圧力区分
にあれば、すべてのボイラを停止し、熱出力の値は0、
蒸気圧力値が0.84MPa〜0.85MPaの圧力区分にある場合に
は、優先順位第1位のボイラのみ低燃焼でほかのボイラ
は停止とし、熱出力の値は1、蒸気圧力値が0.83MPa〜
0.84MPaの圧力区分にある場合には、優先順位が第1位
と第2位のボイラを低燃焼とし、熱出力の値は2として
おり、蒸気圧力値が0.70MPa未満となり、すべてのボイ
ラを高燃焼とし、熱出力の値が16(ボイラの定格熱出
力)となるまでの燃焼状態を定めている。[0006] If the steam pressure value is in the pressure section higher than 0.85 MPa, all the boilers are stopped and the heat output value is 0,
When the steam pressure value is in the pressure category of 0.84MPa ~ 0.85MPa, only the boiler with the highest priority is low combustion and the other boilers are stopped, the heat output value is 1, the steam pressure value is 0.83MPa ~
In the case of the pressure category of 0.84MPa, the first and second priority boilers are set to low combustion, the heat output value is 2, the steam pressure value is less than 0.70MPa, and all the boilers are The combustion state is defined as high combustion, until the heat output value becomes 16 (rated heat output of the boiler).
【0007】蒸気使用機器での必要熱量(熱量WN)
が、ボイラの定格熱出力の50%よりも大きい場合に
は、すべてのボイラが燃焼を続け、燃焼を行っているボ
イラの内で高燃焼と低燃焼の割合を変更することで蒸気
の発生量を調節するが、必要熱量がボイラの定格熱出力
の50%よりも小さな場合には、燃焼を行うボイラの台
数を増減することで熱出力を調節することとなる。[0007] The amount of heat required in equipment using steam (heat amount WN)
However, when the rated heat output of the boiler is greater than 50%, all the boilers continue to burn, and the amount of steam generated by changing the ratio of high combustion to low combustion in the boiler that is burning If the required heat amount is smaller than 50% of the rated heat output of the boiler, the heat output is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of boilers that perform combustion.
【0008】例えば蒸気使用機器の必要熱量の値が4.
5(熱量WN=4.5)であり、ある時点での蒸気圧力
値が0.80MPa〜0.81MPaの圧力区分にあったとすると、台
数制御装置は5台のボイラを低燃焼で燃焼させる。この
場合の熱出力の値は5であり、熱出力が必要熱量より大
きいために蒸気圧力値は上昇する。蒸気圧力値が0.81〜
0.82の圧力区分に入ると、台数制御装置は低燃焼を行っ
ている優先順位が第5位のボイラを停止して、熱出力の
値を4とする。[0008] For example, when the value of the required calorific value of the equipment using steam is 4.
5 (heat value WN = 4.5) and the steam pressure value at a certain point in time falls within the pressure range of 0.80 MPa to 0.81 MPa, the unit controller burns five boilers with low combustion. In this case, the value of the heat output is 5, and since the heat output is larger than the required amount of heat, the steam pressure value increases. Steam pressure value is 0.81 ~
When entering the pressure category of 0.82, the unit control device stops the boiler having the fifth priority in performing low combustion and sets the heat output value to 4.
【0009】熱出力の値を4とすると、熱出力が必要熱
量より小さくなるために蒸気圧力は低下し、蒸気圧力値
が0.80MPa〜0.81MPaの圧力区分に入ると、台数制御装置
は優先順位が第5位のボイラを低燃焼とする出力を行
う。ところが、燃焼を停止していたボイラの燃焼を開始
する場合、すぐに蒸気を発生させることはできず、優先
順位第5位のボイラが蒸気供給を開始するまでは蒸気圧
力値が低下し続ける。そのため、燃焼準備の間に蒸気圧
力値が0.79MPa〜0.80MPaの圧力区分まで低下した場合に
は、台数制御装置は優先順位第6位のボイラも燃焼を開
始させることとなる。If the heat output value is 4, the steam pressure drops because the heat output becomes smaller than the required amount of heat, and when the steam pressure value falls within the pressure category of 0.80 MPa to 0.81 MPa, the number control unit is given priority. Produces an output that makes the fifth boiler low in combustion. However, when starting the combustion of the boiler whose combustion has been stopped, steam cannot be generated immediately, and the steam pressure value continues to decrease until the fifth priority boiler starts supplying steam. Therefore, if the steam pressure value falls to the pressure range of 0.79 MPa to 0.80 MPa during the preparation for combustion, the unit control device also starts the combustion of the sixth-priority boiler.
【0010】優先順位が第5位と第6位のボイラが燃焼
を開始すると、熱出力の値は6となり、必要熱量(熱量
WN=4.5)よりも大幅に大きくなるため、蒸気圧力
は急上昇する。蒸気圧力が0.82MPa〜0.83MPaまで上昇し
たとすると、台数制御装置は3台のボイラを停止して熱
出力の値を3まで減少させることとなり、大幅な圧力変
動を繰り返すことにより発振現象が発生することとな
る。When the fifth and sixth priority boilers start burning, the heat output value becomes 6, which is much larger than the required heat quantity (heat quantity WN = 4.5). Soaring. If the steam pressure rises from 0.82MPa to 0.83MPa, the unit controller will stop the three boilers and reduce the value of the heat output to 3, causing an oscillation phenomenon due to repeated large pressure fluctuations Will be done.
【0011】発振を引き起こした場合には、蒸気の安定
性が悪化することとなり、またボイラは燃焼の発停ごと
に炉内の換気を行っているため、発停を繰り返している
と換気によって多量の熱が失われ、さらに機器の発停回
数が多くなると寿命が短くなるという問題がある。[0011] When oscillation is caused, the stability of steam is deteriorated. In addition, the boiler ventilates the furnace every time the combustion starts and stops. Heat is lost, and the life of the device is shortened when the number of times the device is started and stopped is increased.
【0012】[0012]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明が解決しようと
する課題は、ボイラの多缶設置システムにおいて、蒸気
圧力の安定性が悪化する発振現象を防止することにあ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to prevent an oscillation phenomenon that deteriorates the stability of steam pressure in a boiler multi-can installation system.
【0013】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】燃焼量を調節することの
できるボイラを多数台設置し、各ボイラで発生させた蒸
気は集合させた後で蒸気使用機器へ供給しており、蒸気
集合部の蒸気圧力値が所定の制御圧力幅内を保つよう
に、ボイラの台数制御を行う台数制御装置を設けている
ボイラの多缶設置システムであって、蒸気使用機器の使
用する必要熱量から、燃焼制御を行うボイラの台数を燃
焼台数として算出しておき、前記制御圧力幅の上限圧力
を境とし、蒸気圧力値が制御圧力幅の上限圧力を上回る
場合はすべてのボイラの燃焼を停止、制御圧力幅の上限
圧力を下回る場合は算出した燃焼台数分のボイラをすべ
て燃焼させるものであり、蒸気圧力値に応じて燃焼を行
っているボイラの熱出力を調節する。A number of boilers capable of controlling the amount of combustion are installed, and the steam generated by each boiler is supplied to a steam-using device after being collected. A boiler multi-can installation system provided with a unit control device for controlling the number of boilers so that the steam pressure value is kept within a predetermined control pressure range. The number of boilers performing the calculation is calculated as the number of combustion units, and when the steam pressure value exceeds the upper limit pressure of the control pressure range, the combustion of all boilers is stopped, and the control pressure range When the pressure falls below the upper limit pressure, all the boilers corresponding to the calculated number of combustion units are burned, and the heat output of the boiler performing combustion is adjusted according to the steam pressure value.
【0014】ボイラが高燃焼・低燃焼・停止の3位置で
燃焼を制御するものであれば、前記制御圧力幅内を算出
した燃焼台数の数で分割し、制御圧力幅内に燃焼台数個
分の圧力区分と制御圧力幅の上下に圧力区分を設定して
おき、制御圧力幅の上限圧力を上回る圧力区分ではすべ
てのボイラを停止、該圧力区分よりも一段階低圧側の圧
力区分では燃焼台数分のボイラをすべて低燃焼で運転
し、以下圧力区分が一段階低くなるほど、低燃焼を行う
ボイラの台数を少なくして高燃焼を行うボイラの台数を
多くなるように、圧力区分と燃焼状態を設定する。If the boiler controls combustion at three positions of high combustion, low combustion, and stop, the control pressure range is divided by the calculated number of combustion units, and the number of combustion units within the control pressure range is divided. Pressure ranges are set above and below the control pressure range and the control pressure range.All boilers are stopped when the pressure range exceeds the upper limit pressure of the control pressure range. All boilers are operated at low combustion, and the pressure division and combustion state are set so that the lower the pressure division, the lower the number of boilers that perform low combustion and the number of boilers that perform high combustion. Set.
【0015】ボイラの台数制御は複数台のボイラを組と
し、組内のボイラは同じ燃焼状態となるように組単位で
燃焼を制御するものであった場合には、前記の蒸気使用
機器の使用する必要熱量から燃焼制御を行うボイラの台
数を算出する代わりに燃焼制御を行うボイラの組数を燃
焼組数として算出し、燃焼台数に代えて燃焼組数で前記
の制御を行う。When the number of boilers is controlled by grouping a plurality of boilers, and the boilers in the group control the combustion in units of groups so that the boilers are in the same combustion state, the use of the above-mentioned steam-using equipment Instead of calculating the number of boilers that perform combustion control from the required heat quantity, the number of boilers that perform combustion control is calculated as the number of combustion groups, and the above-described control is performed using the number of combustion groups instead of the number of combustion units.
【0016】ボイラの燃焼台数は、蒸気使用機器で使用
する必要熱量にあらかじめ定めておいた定数を掛け、ボ
イラ1台で発生することのできる熱出力で割ることによ
り算出し、燃焼組数は、蒸気使用機器で使用する必要熱
量にあらかじめ定めておいた定数を掛け、燃焼制御の単
位となるボイラ一組で発生することのできる熱出力で割
ることにより算出する。The number of boilers to be burned is calculated by multiplying the required amount of heat to be used in the steam-using device by a predetermined constant and dividing by the heat output that can be generated by one boiler. It is calculated by multiplying the required amount of heat used by the steam-using device by a predetermined constant and dividing by the heat output that can be generated by a set of boilers, which is a unit of combustion control.
【0017】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の一実施例を図面を用いて
説明する。図1は本発明を実施する多缶設置ボイラの設
置例、図2は蒸気使用機器での必要熱量が少ない場合の
圧力区分とボイラの燃焼状態の説明図である。高燃焼・
低燃焼・停止の3位置で燃焼制御を行うボイラを多数台
設置しておき、各ボイラ1で発生させた蒸気を集合させ
るスチームヘッダ4を設ける。発生させた蒸気はスチー
ムヘッダ4に集合させた後で蒸気使用機器2へ送ってお
り、スチームヘッダ4には、蒸気圧力を検出する圧力検
出器6を設ける。各ボイラには、それぞれに運転制御装
置7を設けており、運転制御装置7は台数制御装置3か
らの燃焼要求信号を受けてボイラの燃焼制御を行う。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an installation example of a multi-can installation boiler embodying the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of pressure divisions and a combustion state of the boiler when the amount of heat required in equipment using steam is small. High combustion
A large number of boilers for performing combustion control at three positions of low combustion and stop are installed, and a steam header 4 for collecting steam generated by each boiler 1 is provided. The generated steam is sent to the steam-using device 2 after being collected in the steam header 4, and the steam header 4 is provided with a pressure detector 6 for detecting the steam pressure. Each boiler is provided with an operation control device 7, and the operation control device 7 receives a combustion request signal from the number control device 3 and controls the boiler combustion.
【0018】台数制御装置3は、圧力検出器6及び蒸気
使用機器2とも接続しており、圧力検出器6にて検出す
る蒸気圧力値と、蒸気使用機器2で使用する必要熱量の
値である熱量WNを取り込む。蒸気使用機器2が複数の
熱交換器であれば、熱量WNは、熱交換器2次側の温度
差と流量から求まる熱量W1・W2を積算した値が熱量
WNとなる。台数制御装置3にて行うボイラの台数制御
は、蒸気圧力値及び熱量WNと、台数制御装置3に設定
している燃焼状態に基づいて行い、圧力検出器6で検出
した蒸気圧力値が低いほど熱出力を多くし、蒸気圧力値
が高いほど熱出力を少なくする。ボイラの熱出力は蒸気
の発生量であり、蒸気使用機器の必要熱量は蒸気の使用
量であるため、蒸気の発生量が蒸気の使用量より大きい
場合には蒸気圧力は上昇し、蒸気の発生量が蒸気の使用
量より小さい場合には蒸気圧力は低下することとなり、
蒸気圧力値を制御圧力幅内に保つように制御する。The number control device 3 is also connected to the pressure detector 6 and the steam-using device 2, and stores a steam pressure value detected by the pressure detector 6 and a value of a necessary heat amount used in the steam-using device 2. The calorie WN is taken in. If the steam-using device 2 has a plurality of heat exchangers, the calorie WN is a value obtained by integrating the calorific values W1 and W2 obtained from the temperature difference and the flow rate on the secondary side of the heat exchanger. The control of the number of boilers performed by the number control device 3 is performed based on the steam pressure value and the amount of heat WN and the combustion state set in the number control device 3, and the lower the steam pressure value detected by the pressure detector 6, the lower the steam pressure value. The heat output is increased, and the higher the steam pressure value, the lower the heat output. The heat output of the boiler is the amount of steam generated, and the required heat of the steam-using equipment is the amount of steam used.If the amount of steam generated is larger than the amount of steam used, the steam pressure increases and the steam generated If the amount is smaller than the amount of steam used, the steam pressure will decrease,
Control is performed so that the steam pressure value is kept within the control pressure range.
【0019】本実施例では、高燃焼・低燃焼・停止で燃
焼を制御する3位置燃焼制御のボイラを8台設置し、制
御圧力幅は0.70MPa〜0.85MPaとしており、簡略化のため
にボイラ1台当たりの熱出力の値を、低燃焼の場合には
1、高燃焼の場合には2として、従来の技術欄に記載し
た条件と同じにしておく。なお、熱出力の値は換算蒸発
量又は実際蒸発量をあらかじめ設定するなどで定めるこ
とができる。図2でも、高燃焼の状態を「H」、低燃焼
の状態を「L」、停止の状態を「−」で表しており、各
燃焼状態における全体での熱出力を数値で記載してい
る。In this embodiment, eight three-position combustion control boilers for controlling combustion in high combustion, low combustion, and stop are installed, and the control pressure width is set to 0.70 MPa to 0.85 MPa. The value of the heat output per vehicle is set to 1 in the case of low combustion and 2 in the case of high combustion, which is the same as the condition described in the section of the prior art. Note that the value of the heat output can be determined by previously setting the converted evaporation amount or the actual evaporation amount. In FIG. 2 as well, the high combustion state is represented by "H", the low combustion state is represented by "L", and the stopped state is represented by "-", and the total heat output in each combustion state is numerically described. .
【0020】台数制御装置3にはボイラの燃焼台数を算
出する式を入力しており、燃焼台数は、蒸気使用機器2
で使用する必要熱量(熱量WN)に1.4(定数)を掛
け、ボイラ1台で発生することのできる熱出力(熱量W
b)で割ることにより求める。蒸気使用機器2での使用
する熱量WNの値が4.5(熱量WN=4.5)であっ
た場合、ボイラ1台で発生することのできる熱出力の値
は高燃焼時の熱出力の値である2(熱量Wb=2)であ
るために、台数制御装置3は、熱量WN=4.5と、熱
量Wb=2を燃焼台数の算出式(燃焼台数=熱量WN×
1.4÷熱量Wb)に代入して燃焼台数を算出する。算
出式に値を代入すると、燃焼台数=4.5×1.4÷2
=3.15となり、3.15を四捨五入した3台が燃焼
台数となる。An equation for calculating the number of boilers to be burned is input to the number control device 3.
Multiplied by 1.4 (constant) to the required amount of heat (heat amount WN) to be used in the boiler, the heat output (heat amount W
Determined by dividing by b). When the value of the heat amount WN used in the steam-using device 2 is 4.5 (heat amount WN = 4.5), the heat output value that can be generated by one boiler is the heat output value at the time of high combustion. Since the value is 2 (heat amount Wb = 2), the number control device 3 calculates the heat amount WN = 4.5 and the heat amount Wb = 2 by using the calculation formula of the number of combustion units (the number of combustion units = heat amount WN ×
The number of combustion units is calculated by substituting the heat amount into 1.4 ÷ heat amount Wb). By substituting the value into the calculation formula, the number of combustion units = 4.5 × 1.4 ÷ 2
= 3.15, and three units rounded to 3.15 are the number of combustion units.
【0021】台数制御装置3は、制御圧力幅内を算出し
た燃焼台数の数、つまり3で分割し、制御圧力幅内に3
つの圧力区分を設定する。0.70MPa〜0.85MPaの制御圧力
幅内には、0.70MPa〜0.75MPa、0.75MPa〜0.80MPa、0.80
MPa〜0.85MPaの3つの圧力区分を設定し、制御圧力幅の
上下の0.85MPa〜及び〜0.70MPaを含めると5つの圧力区
分にそれぞれボイラの燃焼状態を設定する。燃焼状態の
設定は、制御圧力幅の上限値である0.85MPaより高い圧
力区分であればすべてのボイラを停止し、0.85MPaより
低い4つの圧力区分では燃焼台数として算出した3台の
ボイラを燃焼させ、残り5台のボイラは燃焼させない。
ボイラを燃焼させる圧力区分での燃焼状態は、0.80MPa
〜0.85MPaの圧力区分であれば3台のボイラをすべて低
燃焼、0.75MPa〜0.80MPaの圧力区分であれば高燃焼1台
と低燃焼2台、0.70MPa〜0.75MPaの圧力区分であれば高
燃焼2台と低燃焼1台、0.70MPaよりも低い圧力区分で
あれば3台のボイラをすべて高燃焼と設定する。The number control device 3 divides the control pressure range by the calculated number of combustion units, that is, by three, and sets three within the control pressure range.
Set two pressure categories. Within the control pressure range of 0.70 MPa to 0.85 MPa, 0.70 MPa to 0.75 MPa, 0.75 MPa to 0.80 MPa, 0.80 MPa
Three pressure sections of MPa to 0.85 MPa are set, and the combustion state of the boiler is set to each of the five pressure sections including 0.85 MPa to 0.70 MPa above and below the control pressure range. For the setting of the combustion state, all boilers are stopped if the pressure section is higher than 0.85 MPa, which is the upper limit of the control pressure range, and three boilers calculated as the number of combustion units are burned in four pressure sections lower than 0.85 MPa. The remaining 5 boilers are not burned.
The combustion state in the pressure category for burning the boiler is 0.80MPa
If the pressure class is ~ 0.85MPa, all three boilers have low combustion.If the pressure class is 0.75MPa ~ 0.80MPa, it is one high combustion and two low combustion units, if the pressure class is 0.70MPa ~ 0.75MPa. If the pressure classification is lower than 0.70MPa, two high boilers and one low combustion boiler, all three boilers are set to high combustion.
【0022】台数制御装置3は、圧力検出器6が検出す
るスチームヘッダ4内の蒸気圧力値が、どの圧力区分に
該当するかによって、ボイラの燃焼状態のパターンを求
める。例えば蒸気圧力値が0.75MPa〜0.80MPaの圧力区分
内にあった場合、台数制御装置3は優先順位第1位のボ
イラに対して高燃焼の燃焼要求信号を出力し、第2位と
第3位のボイラに対して低燃焼の燃焼要求信号を出力す
る。優先順位第1位のボイラは高燃焼、第2位と第3位
のボイラは低燃焼を行い、それぞれのボイラから発生し
た蒸気はスチームヘッダ4に集合する。ボイラからの蒸
気発生量と、蒸気使用機器2での蒸気使用量の関係か
ら、スチームヘッダ4内の蒸気圧力値は上昇または下降
し、別の圧力区分となると、台数制御装置3は該当する
燃焼要求信号を出力する。The number control device 3 determines the pattern of the combustion state of the boiler according to which pressure category the steam pressure value in the steam header 4 detected by the pressure detector 6 corresponds to. For example, when the steam pressure value is within the pressure range of 0.75 MPa to 0.80 MPa, the unit control device 3 outputs a high combustion request signal to the first-priority boiler, A low combustion request signal is output to the second boiler. The boiler with the highest priority performs high combustion, the second and third boilers perform low combustion, and the steam generated from each boiler collects in the steam header 4. Based on the relationship between the amount of steam generated from the boiler and the amount of steam used in the steam-using device 2, the steam pressure value in the steam header 4 rises or falls. Output a request signal.
【0023】1台のボイラを高燃焼とし、2台のボイラ
を低燃焼とした場合、熱出力の値は4となり、必要熱量
の値である4.5に比べて少ないため、蒸気圧力値は低
下していく。ただし、圧力区分の圧力幅は0.05MPaと広
く設定しているため、蒸気圧力値が別の圧力区分に達す
る頻度は圧力幅が広い分だけ少なくなり、蒸気発生量を
変化させる頻度は少ない。蒸気圧力値が0.70MPa〜0.75M
Paの圧力区分内まで低下すると、台数制御装置は低燃焼
を行っていた優先順位第2位のボイラを高燃焼とし、熱
出力の値を5とする。低燃焼と高燃焼で燃焼状態を変更
するのは、燃料と空気の供給量を変更するだけであるた
め、短時間で熱出力を変更することができる。熱出力の
値を5とすると、蒸気圧力は上昇を開始する。以下同様
に、蒸気圧力値が変化し、高圧側の圧力区分に入ると熱
出力を減少し、低圧側の圧力区分に入ると熱出力を増加
する。When one boiler is set to high combustion and two boilers are set to low combustion, the heat output value is 4, which is smaller than the required heat value of 4.5. It is going down. However, since the pressure width of the pressure section is set as wide as 0.05 MPa, the frequency of the steam pressure value reaching another pressure section decreases as the pressure width increases, and the frequency of changing the steam generation amount is small. Steam pressure value is 0.70MPa ~ 0.75M
When the pressure falls within the Pa pressure category, the unit controller sets the second-priority boiler that has performed low combustion to high combustion and sets the heat output value to 5. Changing the combustion state between low combustion and high combustion only involves changing the supply amounts of fuel and air, so that the heat output can be changed in a short time. Assuming a value of 5 for the heat output, the steam pressure starts to rise. Similarly, when the steam pressure value changes, the heat output decreases when entering the high pressure side pressure section, and increases when entering the low pressure side pressure section.
【0024】また、蒸気使用機器2での必要熱量が変化
し、算出式にて算出される燃焼台数が変化した場合に
は、新しく算出した燃焼台数に基づいて圧力区分と、各
圧力区分での燃焼状態を設定し直し、新しく定めた燃焼
状態に基づいて台数制御を行う。When the required amount of heat in the steam-using device 2 changes and the number of combustion units calculated by the calculation formula changes, the pressure division based on the newly calculated number of combustion units, The combustion state is reset, and the number is controlled based on the newly determined combustion state.
【0025】本実施例では、ボイラの燃焼制御を1台単
位で行わせたが、台数制御では複数台のボイラを組と
し、組内のボイラは同じ燃焼状態となるように、組単位
で燃焼を制御することも行わている。組単位で台数制御
を行う場合も前記実施例と同様であり、蒸気使用機器の
使用する必要熱量から燃焼制御を行うボイラの台数を算
出する代わりに、燃焼制御を行うボイラの組数を燃焼組
数として算出し、燃焼台数に代えて燃焼組数で台数制御
を行う。組単位で台数制御を行う場合、台数制御装置3
にはボイラの燃焼組数を算出する式を入力しておき、燃
焼組数は、蒸気使用機器2で使用する必要熱量(熱量W
N)に1.4(定数)を掛け、ボイラ一組で発生するこ
とのできる熱出力(熱量Wb)で割ることにより求め
る。In this embodiment, the boiler combustion control is performed on a unit basis. However, in the unit number control, a plurality of boilers are grouped, and the boilers in the group are fired on a group basis so as to have the same combustion state. Is also controlled. The case where the number of boilers for performing the combustion control is calculated instead of calculating the number of the boilers for performing the combustion control from the required amount of heat used by the steam-using device is also the same as that of the above-described embodiment in the case where the number of the boilers is controlled. The number is calculated as a number, and the number control is performed using the number of combustion groups instead of the number of combustion units. When controlling the number of units in pairs, the number control device 3
Is input with an expression for calculating the number of combustion units of the boiler, and the number of combustion units is determined by the required amount of heat (heat amount W
N) is multiplied by 1.4 (constant) and divided by the heat output (heat amount Wb) that can be generated by one set of boilers.
【0026】図4、図5は10台のボイラを設置し、2
台一組で台数制御を行う場合を示しており、図4は本発
明の他の実施例、図5は従来の制御例である。1台で発
生することのできる熱出力の値が2のボイラを2台一組
で制御する場合、ボイラ一組で発生することのできる熱
出力の値は4(熱量Wb=4)となる。蒸気使用機器で
の必要熱量の値が8(熱量WN=8)であった場合、熱
量WN=8と熱量Wb=4を燃焼組数の算出式(燃焼組
数=熱量WN×1.4÷熱量Wb)に代入すると、燃焼
組数=8×1.4÷4=2.8となり、2.8を四捨五
入した3組が燃焼組数となる。図4の場合、制御圧力幅
内は燃焼組数で分割し、燃焼状態は2台単位で制御する
ものであり、制御内容は前記の実施例と同じとなる。4 and 5 show 10 boilers installed and 2 boilers installed.
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows an example of conventional control. When two boilers having a heat output value of 2 that can be generated by one unit are controlled by a set of two boilers, the heat output value that can be generated by one set of boilers is 4 (heat amount Wb = 4). When the value of the required heat amount in the steam-using device is 8 (heat amount WN = 8), the heat amount WN = 8 and the heat amount Wb = 4 are calculated by the formula for calculating the number of combustion groups (the number of combustion groups = heat amount WN × 1.4}. Substituting into the heat quantity Wb), the number of combustion groups = 8 × 1.4 / 4 = 2.8, and three sets obtained by rounding 2.8 are the number of combustion groups. In the case of FIG. 4, the inside of the control pressure range is divided by the number of combustion groups, and the combustion state is controlled in units of two units, and the control content is the same as in the above-described embodiment.
【0027】蒸気使用機器2での必要熱量に合わせて燃
焼台数または燃焼組数を定め、蒸気圧力値が制御圧力幅
の上限圧力より低い値である場合には、ボイラの燃焼台
数または燃焼組数を変化させずに燃焼状態のみを変化さ
せることで、燃焼の発停頻度を極めて少なくすることが
でき、必要熱量が定格熱出力の50%を下回っている場
合であっても、発振現象を引き起こすということはなく
なる。そして、燃焼の発停が少ないために、燃焼の発停
ごとに行う炉内の換気による熱の排出量を少なくするこ
とができ、機器の寿命を長くすることもできる。また、
蒸気の使用量と供給量のバランスが大きく崩れて、蒸気
圧力値が大きく変動することはなく、さらに圧力区分の
間隔が大きくなるため、わずかの圧力変動で燃焼状態を
頻繁に変更するということをなくすことができる。The number of combustion units or the number of combustion groups is determined in accordance with the required amount of heat in the steam-using equipment 2. If the steam pressure value is lower than the upper limit pressure of the control pressure range, the number of combustion units or the number of combustion groups of the boiler is determined. By changing only the combustion state without changing the combustion temperature, the frequency of starting and stopping the combustion can be extremely reduced, and the oscillation phenomenon occurs even when the required heat amount is less than 50% of the rated heat output. It will not be. Since the start and stop of combustion are small, the amount of heat discharged by ventilation in the furnace every time the start and stop of combustion can be reduced, and the life of the equipment can be prolonged. Also,
Since the balance between the amount of steam used and the amount of steam supplied is not greatly disrupted, and the steam pressure value does not fluctuate greatly, and the interval between the pressure sections is increased, the combustion state is frequently changed with slight pressure fluctuation. Can be eliminated.
【0028】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明を実施することで、燃焼の発停を
繰り返す発振を防止でき、蒸気圧力の安定、効率の向
上、機器寿命の延長などの効果を得ることができる。By practicing the present invention, it is possible to prevent repeated oscillation of starting and stopping combustion, and to obtain effects such as stabilization of steam pressure, improvement of efficiency, and extension of equipment life.
【図1】 本発明を実施するボイラ多缶設置システムの
設置例FIG. 1 is an installation example of a boiler multi-can installation system for implementing the present invention.
【図2】 本発明の一実施例における圧力区分とボイラ
の燃焼状態の説明図FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a pressure section and a boiler combustion state in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図3】 従来の場合の圧力区分とボイラの燃焼状態の
説明図FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a pressure class and a boiler combustion state in a conventional case.
【図4】 本発明の他の実施例における圧力区分とボイ
ラの燃焼状態の説明図FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a pressure class and a boiler combustion state in another embodiment of the present invention.
【図5】 従来の場合の圧力区分とボイラの燃焼状態の
説明図FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a pressure class and a boiler combustion state in a conventional case.
1 ボイラ 2 蒸気使用機器 3 台数制御装置 4 スチームヘッダ 5 蒸気配管 6 圧力検出器 7 運転制御装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler 2 Equipment using steam 3 Unit control device 4 Steam header 5 Steam piping 6 Pressure detector 7 Operation control device
Claims (4)
多数台設置し、各ボイラで発生した蒸気は蒸気集合部を
通して蒸気使用機器へ供給しており、蒸気集合部の蒸気
圧力値が所定の制御圧力幅内を保つように、ボイラの台
数制御を行う台数制御装置を設けているボイラの多缶設
置システムであって、蒸気使用機器の使用する必要熱量
から、燃焼制御を行うボイラの台数を燃焼台数として算
出しておき、前記制御圧力幅の上限圧力を境とし、蒸気
圧力値が制御圧力幅の上限圧力を上回る場合はすべての
ボイラの燃焼を停止、制御圧力幅の上限圧力を下回る場
合は算出した燃焼台数分のボイラをすべて燃焼させるも
のであり、蒸気圧力値に応じて燃焼を行っているボイラ
の熱出力を調節する台数制御装置を設けているボイラの
多缶設置システム。1. A large number of boilers capable of controlling the amount of combustion are installed, and steam generated in each boiler is supplied to a steam-using device through a steam collecting section, and a steam pressure value of the steam collecting section is set to a predetermined value. A boiler multi-can installation system equipped with a unit control device that controls the number of boilers so as to keep within the control pressure range, and the number of boilers that perform combustion control is determined based on the required amount of heat used by steam-using equipment. If the steam pressure value exceeds the upper limit pressure of the control pressure range, the combustion of all boilers is stopped, and if the steam pressure value falls below the upper limit pressure of the control pressure range. Is a system for burning all the boilers for the calculated number of combustion units, and a boiler multi-can installation system provided with a unit number control device for adjusting the heat output of the boilers performing combustion in accordance with the steam pressure value.
いるボイラの多缶設置システムにおいて、ボイラは高燃
焼、低燃焼、停止の3位置で燃焼を制御するものであ
り、前記制御圧力幅内を算出した燃焼台数の数で分割
し、制御圧力幅内に燃焼台数個分の圧力区分と制御圧力
幅の上下に圧力区分を設定しておき、制御圧力幅の上限
圧力を上回る圧力区分ではすべてのボイラを停止、該圧
力区分よりも一段階低圧側の圧力区分では燃焼台数分の
ボイラをすべて低燃焼で運転し、以下圧力区分が一段階
低くなるほど、低燃焼を行うボイラの台数を少なくして
高燃焼を行うボイラの台数を多くなるように、圧力区分
と燃焼状態を設定したことを特徴とする台数制御装置を
設けているボイラの多缶設置システム。2. The boiler multi-can installation system provided with the number control device according to claim 1, wherein the boiler controls combustion in three positions of high combustion, low combustion, and stop, and the control pressure Divide by the number of calculated number of combustion units within the width, set the pressure division for the number of combustion units within the control pressure width and the pressure division above and below the control pressure width, and set the pressure division exceeding the upper limit pressure of the control pressure width Then, all the boilers are stopped, and in the pressure section one stage lower than the pressure section, all the boilers for the number of combustion units are operated at low combustion, and the number of the boilers performing low combustion is reduced as the pressure section becomes lower by one step. A multi-can installation system for a boiler provided with a number control device, wherein a pressure division and a combustion state are set so as to increase the number of boilers performing high combustion while reducing the number.
設けているボイラの多缶設置システムにおいて、ボイラ
の台数制御は複数台のボイラを組とし、組内のボイラは
同じ燃焼状態となるように組単位で燃焼を制御するもの
であり、蒸気使用機器の使用する必要熱量から燃焼制御
を行うボイラの台数を算出する代わりに燃焼制御を行う
ボイラの組数を燃焼組数として算出し、燃焼台数に代え
て燃焼組数で前記の制御を行う台数制御装置を設けてい
るボイラの多缶設置システム。3. The boiler multi-can installation system provided with the number control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of boilers is controlled by setting a plurality of boilers as a set, and the boilers in the set are in the same combustion state. The number of boilers that perform combustion control is calculated as the number of combustion groups instead of calculating the number of boilers that perform combustion control from the required amount of heat used by the steam-using equipment. And a boiler multi-can installation system provided with a number control device for performing the above-described control with the number of combustion groups instead of the number of combustion units.
設けているボイラの多缶設置システムにおいて、燃焼台
数は、蒸気使用機器が使用する必要熱量にあらかじめ定
めておいた定数を掛け、ボイラ1台で発生することので
きる熱出力で割ることにより算出し、燃焼組数は、蒸気
使用機器で使用する必要熱量にあらかじめ定めておいた
定数を掛け、燃焼制御の単位となるボイラ一組で発生す
ることのできる熱出力で割ることにより算出するもので
あることを特徴とする台数制御装置を設けているボイラ
の多缶設置システム。4. A multi-can installation system for a boiler provided with the number control device according to claim 1, wherein the number of combustion units is multiplied by a predetermined amount of heat required by the steam-using device, Calculated by dividing by the heat output that can be generated by one boiler. The number of combustion units is calculated by multiplying the required amount of heat used by the steam-using equipment by a predetermined constant, and a set of boilers as a unit of combustion control A boiler multi-can installation system provided with a unit control device, which is calculated by dividing by a heat output that can be generated in the boiler.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000008309A JP2001201001A (en) | 2000-01-17 | 2000-01-17 | Multi-boiler installing system provded with device for controlling the number of boilers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000008309A JP2001201001A (en) | 2000-01-17 | 2000-01-17 | Multi-boiler installing system provded with device for controlling the number of boilers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2001201001A true JP2001201001A (en) | 2001-07-27 |
Family
ID=18536600
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000008309A Pending JP2001201001A (en) | 2000-01-17 | 2000-01-17 | Multi-boiler installing system provded with device for controlling the number of boilers |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2001201001A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007120784A (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-05-17 | Samson Co Ltd | Multi-can installed boiler for performing number control |
JP2012149840A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-08-09 | Samson Co Ltd | Boiler multiple-can installation system |
JP2014228192A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-08 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Boiler system |
JP2015117840A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-25 | 株式会社サムソン | Multi-can installation boiler |
-
2000
- 2000-01-17 JP JP2000008309A patent/JP2001201001A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007120784A (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-05-17 | Samson Co Ltd | Multi-can installed boiler for performing number control |
JP4632361B2 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2011-02-16 | 株式会社サムソン | Multi-can installation boiler with unit control |
JP2012149840A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-08-09 | Samson Co Ltd | Boiler multiple-can installation system |
JP2014228192A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-08 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Boiler system |
JP2015117840A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-25 | 株式会社サムソン | Multi-can installation boiler |
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