TW201006467A - Coccidiosis control agent and feed containing the same - Google Patents

Coccidiosis control agent and feed containing the same Download PDF

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TW201006467A
TW201006467A TW098116171A TW98116171A TW201006467A TW 201006467 A TW201006467 A TW 201006467A TW 098116171 A TW098116171 A TW 098116171A TW 98116171 A TW98116171 A TW 98116171A TW 201006467 A TW201006467 A TW 201006467A
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vitamin
mass
feed
coccidiosis
control agent
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Kyo Nagashima
Masami Mochizuki
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Idemitsu Kosan Co
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    • A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline 
    • A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract

Disclosed is an agent for controlling coccidiosis in an animal, which is characterized by comprising a cashew nut shell oil and/or anacardic acid and at least one member selected from vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E.

Description

201006467 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關含有腰果殻油及/或腰果酸及維他命類 之動物用的球蟲症防除劑、飼料添加劑、飼料及使用該等 之飼育方法。本發明進而係有關除腰果殼油及/或腰果酸 及維他命類之外，尙含有鈣鹽類或鎂鹽類之動物用的球蟲 " 症防除劑、飼料添加劑、飼料及使用該等之飼育方法。 【先前技術】 動物的球蟲症係原生動物寄生蟲性感染，係由經口攝 取卵囊體（聚集孢子小體的囊體）而感染。呈現腸道病變 、下痢、食慾不振、絶嗣、體重減輕等症狀，也有致死的 病例。另外，感染球蟲症時腸內微生物菌叢崩壞，進而由 於與病原性細菌混合感染，而使下痢嚴重化。且由於因此 而消耗體力、降低免疫力，易罹患壞疽性腸炎（由於腸道 Φ 內側產生細菌性感染，而造成消化道內各區域腸道內層壞 死）。 已知反芻動物的球蟲症係由牛愛美球蟲（Eimeria bovis)、邱氏愛美球蟲（Ε· zuernii)、奧博愛美球蟲（ E. auburnensis)、橢圓愛美球蟲（E · e 11 ip s o i d al i s )、阿 氏愛美球蟲（E. arloingi )、綿羊愛美球蟲（E_ ovina) 等所引起。 另外，雞的球蟲症係由柔嫩愛美球蟲（Eimeria tenella)、堆形愛美球蟲（Ε· acervulina)、毒害愛美球 201006467 蟲（E. necatrix)、布氏愛美球蟲（E. brunetti)、巨形 愛美球蟲（E. maxima)、變位愛美球蟲（E. mivati)、 雞和緩愛美球蟲（E. mitis)、早熟愛美球蟲（E. precox )、哈氏愛美球蟲（E. hagani )等所引起，而火雞則爲由 火雞和緩愛美球蟲（E. meleagrimitis) 、E. adenoides、 E. gallopovonis 等戶斤弓I 起。 由上所述可明確得知寄生於反芻動物與雞及火雞之球 蟲屬原蟲的種類不同，而球蟲屬原蟲寄生係有顯著的宿主 _ 特異性，寄生於反芻動物的種類不會寄生其他鳥類及動物 〇 以往於預防及治療動物的球蟲症時，主要係使用由抗 生素（沙利黴素等聚醚系抗生素）、合成抗菌劑（硫磺劑 等）所構成之化學療法劑以及疫苗等生物學上的製劑。然 而抗生素及化學療法劑會有表現副作用，及對藥劑出現耐 受性而使效果減退等問題。以及使用疫苗僅爲預防而無法 將其使用於治療。且當人類食用經投與該等藥劑的動物的 _ 肉及蛋時，殘留於動物體內的藥劑會有移行至人體的問題 ，必須嚴格限制其使用量及投與期間。 因此，目前正尋求無如出現於抗生素、合成抗菌劑、 疫苗之問題’安全性高且具優異抗球蟲效果之球蟲症之預 防或減輕劑’而提案有以腰果殼油及/或其主成分腰果酸 類爲有效成分之連串的球蟲症減緩劑（專利文件1-3)。 然而其效果並不充分，正尋求更加提升的效果。 專利文件1 :特開2003-238400號公報 -6- 201006467 專利文件2 :特開20(H- 1 5 1 675號公報 專利文件3 :特開平8-231410號公報 【發明內容】 [發明的槪要] 本發明之目的係在於提供具有優異的安全性、無副作 * 用等問題，且不產生因對藥劑出現耐受性而使效果減退， _ 對球蟲症顯示具有高預防以及治療效果之抗球蟲組成物、 含其之動物用飼料，以及使用該抗球蟲組成物及飼料之動 物的球蟲症之預防或治療方法。 本發明之發明者們爲解決上述課題進行專心硏究後， 發現將腰果殼油及/或腰果酸類及維他命類一同併用，對 於動物的球蟲症之預防及治療具有更好的效果，特別於反 芻動物有顯著的該傾向。 本發明之發明者們更除腰果殼油及/或腰果酸與維他 φ 命類之外’倂用選自鈣鹽類及鎂鹽類之至少一種時，對於 動物的球蟲症之預防及治療具有更好的效果，特別於反芻 動物有顯著的該傾向。 本發明之發明者們更發現於除含有腰果殼油及/或腰 果酸、維他命類、鈣鹽類之球蟲症防除劑之外，更含有選 自玉米、高梁、麥糠、米糠、黃豆粕之至少一種爲有效成 分之飼料’對於動物的球蟲症之預防及治療具有更好的效 果’特別於反芻動物有顯著的該傾向。 本發明之發明者進行上述工作而致完成本發明。 -7- 201006467 亦即，本發明係如下所述。 (1) 一種動物的球蟲症防除劑’其特徵係含有腰果 殼油及/或腰果酸類’及選自維他命A、維他命B、維他 命C、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種者。 (2) 如（1)項之球蟲症防除劑，其特徵係進而含有 選自鈣鹽類及鎂鹽類之至少一種者。 (3) 如（1)或（2)項之球蟲症防除劑’其中該動 ' 物係反芻動物。 g (4 ) 一種飼料添加劑，其特徵係含有如（1 )〜（3 )項中任一項之球蟲症防除劑。 (5 ) —種飼料，其特徵係含有如（4 )項之飼料添加 劑。 (6) 如（5)項之飼料，其特徵係進而含有選自玉米 、高梁、麥糠、米糠、黃豆粕、玉米粉、米粉及黃豆粉之 至少一種者。 (7) —種動物的飼育方法’其特徵係使動物攝取如 q (5)或（6)項之飼料。 (8) —種動物的治療方法，其特徵係投與腰果殻油 及/或腰果酸類，以及選自維他命A、維他命B、維他命 C、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種者。 (9) 一種使用，其特徵係於製造動物的球蟲症防除 劑時，使用腰果殼油及/或腰果酸類，以及選自維他命A 、維他命B、維他命C、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種 者。 -8 - 201006467 可藉由本發明之球蟲症防除劑、含其之飼料添加劑、 飼料，而減輕動物的球蟲症。另外可藉由本發明之球蟲症 防除劑、含其之飼料添加劑、飼料，而期待動物體重增加 及成長改善。 [實施發明之型態] 本發明之動物的球蟲症防除劑，其特徵係含有腰果殻 φ 油及/或腰果酸類，及選自維他命A、維他命B、維他命 C、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種。 於本發明中所使用之腰果殻油係腰果樹（Anacardium occidentale L.)的果實的殼所含之油狀液體。腰果殼油之 成分係含有腰果酸、cardanol、cardol。 本發明中所使用之腰果殻油可藉由壓榨腰果之殼所萃 取之植物油而得。另外，本發明中所使用之腰果殼油，亦 可藉由加熱或萃取，例如將腰果殼以乾餾或溶劑萃取而得 φ 。進而於本發明中所使用之腰果殻油，可根據特開平 8-23 1410號公報所記載之方法，例如藉由溶劑萃取法及 加熱法等而可得。 本發明中所使用之腰果殼油亦可爲進行加熱殺菌處理 油、將腰果殼進行粉碎•破碎所得之油。 本發明中所使用之腰果殻油亦可使用市售品。 本發明之球蟲症防除劑中腰果殼油的含量以10質量 %〜100質量％爲佳，15質量％〜100質量％更佳，20質 量％〜100質量％最佳。使用10質量％以上之規定量之 -9- 201006467 防除劑即可達到抗球蟲效果。 另外’使於飼料中含有本發明之防除劑而使用時，飼 料中腰果殼油之含量以0.02質量％〜4.0質量％爲佳， 〇·〇4質量％〜2.0質量％更佳，0.06質量％〜1.0質量％ 最佳。使用0.02質量％以上之規定量之飼料即可達到抗 球蟲效果，而由於使用4.0質量％以下時不影響飼料組成 而爲佳。 本發明中所使用之腰果殼油可直接使用含有油份的腰 果殼，或將其進行粉碎·破碎後再使用，換算出所含有之 腰果殼油（CNSL)(腰果殻中含30%之CNSL)，球蟲 症防除劑、飼料中之含量在上述範圍內即可。 本發明中所使用之腰果酸類可舉出天然腰果酸、合成 腰果酸、及該等之衍生物。另外亦可使用市售之腰果酸。 腰果酸類可如特開平8-231410號公報所記載之方法，將 腰果殻以有機溶劑進行萃取處理後所得之腰果油，使用例 如二氧化矽膠體管柱色層分析，藉由改變正己烷、醋酸乙 酯以及醋酸之混合溶煤之比例進行溶出而可得（特開平 3-240721號公報、特開平3-24071 6號公報等）。藉此所 得之腰果酸類可以與腰果殼油相同之含量，含有於球蟲症 防除劑、飼料中。 本發明之球蟲症防除劑係含有維他命A、維他命B、 維他命C、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種者，該等維他 命於球蟲症防除劑中之濃度，係相對於含有5 00〜5000個 /ml球蟲卵囊體之生理食鹽水’以1〜1,〇〇〇質量ppm爲 201006467 佳，3〜300質量ppm更佳，10〜100質量ppm最佳。其 中，1質量ppm以上之規定量之防除劑即可達到抗球蟲效 果。而使其含於本發明飼料中時，亦以相同濃度即可。 本發明之球蟲症防除劑可進而含有鈣鹽類。鈣鹽類可 舉出碳酸鈣、碳酸氫鈣、磷酸鈣、亞磷酸鈣、脂肪酸鈣、 乳酸鈣，但並未限定於此等。該等鈣鹽類於球蟲症防除劑 中之濃度，係相對於含有500〜5000個/ml球蟲卵囊體 _ 之生理食鹽水，以0.1〜10質量％爲佳，0_2〜5暫量％更 佳，0.4〜2質量％最佳。其中，0.1質量％以上之規定量 之防除劑即可達到抗球蟲效果。而使其含於本發明飼料中 時，亦以相同濃度即可。 本發明之球蟲症防除劑可進而含有鎂鹽類。鎂鹽類可 舉出氧化鎂、硫酸鎂、碳酸鎂、氯化鎂，但並未限定於此 等。該等於球蟲症防除劑中所含之濃度，係相對於含有 5 00〜5 00 0個/ml球蟲卵囊體之生理食鹽水，以〇」〜10 φ 質量％爲佳，0.2〜5質量％更佳，0.4〜2質量％最佳。 其中’ 0.1質量％以上之規定量之防除劑即可達到抗球蟲 效果。而使其含於本發明飼料中時，亦以相同濃度即可。 做爲本發明球蟲症防除劑對象的動物以牛、山羊、羊 等反芻動物爲佳，以及雞、火雞等鳥類爲佳，但並未限定 於此等。另外於本發明中，防除係包含預防及治療。 做爲本發明球蟲症防除劑對象的雞之引起球蟲症之菌 可舉出柔嫩愛美球蟲（Eimeria tenella)、堆形愛美球蟲 (E. acervulina)、毒害愛美球蟲（E. necatrix)、布氏 201006467 愛美球蟲（E. brunetti)、巨形愛美球蟲（E. maxima)、 變位愛美球蟲（E. mivati )、雞和緩愛美球蟲（E. mitis )、早熟愛美球蟲（E. precox)、哈氏愛美球蟲（E. hagani )等，而火雞的球蟲症則爲由火雞和緩愛美球蟲（ E. meleagrimitis ) 、E. adenoides、E. gallopo vonis 等戶斤 引起。 ，引起牛球蟲症之菌可舉出牛愛美球蟲（Eimeria bovis )、邱氏愛美球蟲（E. zuernii )、奧博愛美球蟲（Ε· auburnensis)、橢圓愛美球蟲（E. ellipsoidalis)、阿氏 愛美球蟲（E. arloingi)、綿羊愛美球蟲（Ε· ovina)等 〇 本發明之球蟲症防除劑之劑形並無特別限制，可爲例 如粉末、液體、固體、錠劑、膠囊劑、乳劑等任一型態。 本發明之球蟲症防除劑可與腰果殼油、維他命類以及因應 需要之任意成分進行混合、再藉由製劑化而製造。且依劑 形之形態，可將前述之腰果殼之粉碎•破碎物、或未經任 何處理直接將腰果殼與其他任意的成分進行混合，而爲本 發明之球蟲症防除劑。進而亦可不與其他任意的成分混合 ，將粉碎•破碎物或直接將腰果殼與維他命A〜E，做爲 飼料添加劑，進而可做爲飼料。 本發明之飼料添加劑可與使用於寵物食品、寵物用營 養補充品（以下稱之爲飼料）之其他飼料成分進行混合， 而可做爲飼料。飼料之種類及腰果殼油以外之成分並無特 別限制。飼料以反芻動物用者爲佳。 -12- 201006467 本發明之飼料可將飼料添加劑直接添加於飼料成分中 ，經由混合而製造。此時，使用粉末狀、固狀飼料添加劑 時，爲容易混合可使飼料添加劑爲液狀或凝膠狀形態。此 時可使用水、黃豆油、菜籽油、玉米油等植物油、液體動 物油、聚乙烯醇及聚乙烯砒嘻烷酮、聚丙醯酸等水溶性高 分子化合物做爲液體載體。另外爲保持飼料中腰果殻油的 ' 均勻性，亦可混合藻酸、藻酸鈉、黃原膠、酪蛋白鈉、阿 I 拉伯膠、關華豆膠、羅望子種子多醣類等水溶性多醣。 本發明之飼料可含有玉米、高粱、麥糠、米糠、黃豆 粕、玉米粉、米粉及黃豆粉等，而該等物質於飼料中之濃 度以1〜90質量％爲佳，5〜75質量％更佳，10〜50質量 %最佳。其中，1質量％以上即可達到抗球蟲效果，而爲 90質量％以下時因可維持做爲飼料的性能而爲佳。 本發明之飼料可爲進而含有促進反芻動物成長之有效 成分、營養補充成分、提高保存安定性成分等任意成分。 φ 該等任意成分可舉出例如爲腸球菌類、納豆菌類、比菲徳 氏菌類、乳糖納豆菌類等生菌劑；澱粉酶、脂解酶等酵素 :氯化膽鹼、肌醇、葉酸等維他命類；氯化鉀、檸檬酸鐵 、磷酸鹽類等礦物質；DL-丙胺酸、DL-蛋胺酸、鹽酸L-離胺酸等胺基酸；富馬酸、酪酸、乳酸、醋酸及該等酸之 鹽類等有機酸；乙氧基奎寧、二丁基羥基甲苯等抗氧化劑 ;丙酸、丙酸鈉等防霉劑；CMC、酪蛋白鈉、聚丙烯酸鈉 等黏結劑；甘油脂肪酸酯、山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯等乳化劑 ;蝦紅素、斑螫黃素等色素；各種酯、醚、酮類等著香料 -13- 201006467 使其攝取本發明飼料之動物的種類以反芻動物爲佳。 例如本發明飼料適用於牛、山羊、羊等反芻動物之飼育。 使其攝取飼料之量可根據動物種類 '體重、年齡、性別、 健康狀態及飼料成分等適當地加以調節，而此時飼料中所 含之腰果殼油及/或腰果酸類，以0.005〜500g/頭•日 爲佳’ 0.05〜100g /頭•曰更佳，〇.5〜50g /頭·日最佳 〇 使其攝取飼料之方法以及飼育方法，可因應動物種類 ，採取一般所使用之方法。 【實施方式】 [實施例] 以下說明本發明之實施例，但本發明並未限定於相關 之實施例。 本發明之球蟲症防除劑或飼料 購買來自腰果•貿易（股份有限）之腰果的殼。藉由 對殼進行壓榨萃取而得腰果殻油（CNSL )。爲使CNSL 乳化而自Pacific Science (股份有限）購入界面活性劑 BREDOL694。 於以下實施例中，係將維他命a(實施例η 、維他 命Β(實施例2)、維他命c(實施例3)、維他命D( 實施例4)及維他命E (實施例5 )，或維他命E以及碳 -14- 201006467 酸鈣（實施例6)、磷酸鈣（實施例7)、或氧化鎂（實 施例8)與CNSL以及BREDOL694組合而做爲本發明之 球蟲症防除劑’或將維他命E、碳酸鈣以及麥糠（實施例 9 )、米糠（實施例1 〇 )、黃豆粕（實施例1 1 )、或玉米 粉（實施例12) ’與CNSL以及BREDOL694組合而使用 爲本發明之飼料。 球蟲防除試驗 收集自然感染Eimeriazuernii後牛下痢糞便’於實體 顯微鏡下分離卵囊體，再以生理食鹽水洗淨後’於直徑 9cm之調濕培養皿中加入5ml生理食鹽水，投入洗淨的卵 囊體並調整爲2000個/ ml。另外以未加入任何物質之調 濕培養皿作爲對照組。 將加入 〇.5質量％之 CNSL及 〇·5質量％之 BREDOL094之組做爲比較例1。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與1〇〇質量PPm之 維他命A之組做爲比較例2。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與1〇〇質量PPm之 維他命B之組做爲比較例3。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與100質量PPm2 維他命C之組做爲比較例4。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與1 00質量PPm之 維他命D之組做爲比較例5。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與100質量PPm2 -15- 201006467 維他命E之組做爲比較例6。 將加入0.5質量％之BRED OL694與1質量％之碳酸 鈣之組做爲比較例7。 將加入0.5質量％之BRED OL6 94與1質量％之磷酸 鈣之組做爲比較例8。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與1質量％之氧化 鎂之組做爲比較例9。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與20質量％之麥糠 之組做爲比較例1 〇。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與20質量％之米糠 之組做爲比較例1 1。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與20質量％之黃豆 粕之組做爲比較例1 2。 將加入0.5質量％之BREDOL694與20質量％之玉米 粉之組做爲比較例1 3。 將加入 〇.5質量％之 CNSL及 0.5質量％之 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命A之組做爲實施例 1 ° 將加入 0.5質量％之 CNSL及 0.5質量％之 BREDOL694與1 00質量ppm之維他命B之組做爲實施例 1。 將加入 0.5質量％之 CNSL及 0.5質量％之 BREDOL694與1 00質量ppm之維他命C之組做爲實施例 ❹ ❹ 201006467 將加入 0.5質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命E 4 〇 將加入 〇.5質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命Σ 將加入 〇.5質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命E 酸鈣之組做爲實施例6。 將加入 0.5 質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命E 酸鈣之組做爲實施例7。 將加入 〇_5質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命E 化鎂之組做爲實施例8。 將加入 0.5質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命E 酸鈣，20質量％之麥糠之組做爲實施例丨 將加入 〇.5 質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命E 酸鈣，20質量％之米糠之組做爲實施例 將加入 0.5質量％之 CNSL及 BREDOL694與100質量ppm之維他命E 酸鈣，20質量％之黃豆粕之組做爲實施毛 0.5質量％之 >之組做爲實施例 0.5 質量％之 ;之組做爲實施例 0.5質量％之 及1質量％之碳 0.5 質量％之 及1質量％.之磷 0.5 質量％之 及1質量％之氧 0.5質量％之 及1質量％之碳 9。 0.5質量％之 及1質量％之碳 10° 0.5 質量％之 及1質量％之碳 711 1 1 〇 -17- 201006467 將加入 〇·5質量％之 CNSL及 0.5質量％之 BREDOL6 94與1 〇〇質量ppm之維他命E及1質量％之碳 酸鈣，20質量％之玉米粉之組做爲實施例1 2。 將調濕培養皿靜置於3 7 °C下7天並適時進行觀察。7 天後於實體顯微鏡下進行觀察，測定卵囊體個數，及觀察 細胞壁的變形及溶解狀態。 結果示於表1。201006467 6. Technical Description: The present invention relates to a coccidiosis control agent, a feed additive, a feed, and a breeding method using the same for an animal containing cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid and vitamins . The present invention further relates to a coccidial disease control agent, a feed additive, a feed, and the like for use in an animal containing calcium or magnesium salts in addition to cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid and vitamins. Breeding method. [Prior Art] Coccidiosis in animals is a parasitic infection of protozoa which is infected by oral administration of oocysts (capsules that aggregate spores). There are symptoms such as intestinal lesions, diarrhea, loss of appetite, convulsions, weight loss, and death. In addition, when the coccidiosis is infected, the microbial flora in the intestine collapses, and the sputum is severely affected by the infection with the pathogenic bacteria. Because of this, it consumes physical strength and reduces immunity, and is prone to gangrenous enteritis (a bacterial infection in the inside of the intestinal Φ causes the inner layer of the intestinal tract in the digestive tract to die). The coccidiosis of ruminants is known to be Eimeria bovis, E. zuernii, E. auburnensis, E. e 11 Ip soid al is ), E. arloingi, E_ ovina, etc. In addition, chicken coccidiosis is caused by Eimeria tenella, E. coli, acervulina, E. necatrix, E. brunetti, E. brunetti. , E. maxima, E. mivati, chicken and E. mitis, E. precox, Harvey's love cocci ( E. hagani), etc., while turkeys are made up of turkeys and E. meleagrimitis, E. adenoides, E. gallopovonis, etc. It can be clearly seen from the above that the parasitic genus is different from the coccidia genus of chickens and turkeys, while the parasites of the genus Coprinus have significant host-specificity, and the species that are parasitic on ruminants are not Parasitic other birds and animals. In the past, in the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in animals, chemotherapeutic agents composed of antibiotics (polyether antibiotics such as salicin) and synthetic antibacterial agents (sulfur agents) were used. And biological preparations such as vaccines. However, antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents have problems such as side effects and resistance to the drug. And the use of vaccines is only a preventive and cannot be used for treatment. Moreover, when humans eat the meat and eggs of the animals to which the drugs are administered, the agents remaining in the animals may have problems of migration to the human body, and the amount of use and the period of administration must be strictly limited. Therefore, it is currently seeking to prevent or reduce the coccidiosis caused by antibiotics, synthetic antibacterial agents, and vaccines, and it is proposed to use cashew nut shell liquid and/or The main component of the cashew acid is a series of coccidiostats as active ingredients (Patent Documents 1-3). However, the effect is not sufficient and it is seeking a more enhanced effect. Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-238400-6-201006467 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. 8-231410. It is an object of the present invention to provide a problem of excellent safety, no side effects, and the like, and the effect is reduced due to the tolerance of the drug, _ showing high prevention and therapeutic effect on coccidiosis. The anti-coccidial composition, the animal feed containing the same, and the method for preventing or treating coccidiosis in the animal using the anti-coccidial composition and the feed. The inventors of the present invention concentrate on solving the above problems. After that, it was found that the combination of cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew nut acid and vitamins has a better effect on the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in animals, and this tendency is particularly remarkable in ruminants. The inventors of the present invention In addition to cashew nut shell liquid and / or cashew acid and vitamin φ life class, when used in at least one of calcium salts and magnesium salts, it has a better effect on the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in animals. Especially anti- The inventors of the present invention have found that in addition to the coccidiostat controlling agent containing cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid, vitamins and calcium salts, it is further selected from corn, sorghum, The feed of at least one of wheat bran, rice bran, and soybean meal as an active ingredient has a better effect on the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in animals', which is particularly remarkable in ruminants. The inventors of the present invention performed the above work. The present invention has been completed. -7- 201006467 That is, the present invention is as follows. (1) An animal coccidiosis control agent is characterized in that it contains cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid type and is selected from vitamin A. (2) The coccidiostat control agent according to (1), which further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium salts and magnesium salts. (3) A coccidiosis control agent such as (1) or (2), wherein the animal is a ruminant. g (4) A feed additive characterized by items (1) to (3) Any of the coccidiosis control agents. (5) The material is characterized in that it contains a feed additive as in (4). (6) The feed of item (5), which further comprises a corn, sorghum, wheat bran, rice bran, soybean meal, corn flour, rice flour and (7) The method of breeding an animal is characterized in that the animal ingests a feed such as q (5) or (6). (8) The treatment method of the animal, the characteristics of which are And cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid, and at least one selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E. (9) A use, characterized by a coccidiosis control agent for manufacturing animals At the time, use cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid, and at least one selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E. -8 - 201006467 The coccidiosis of the animal can be alleviated by the coccidiosis control agent of the present invention, the feed additive containing the same, and the feed. Further, the weight gain and growth improvement of the animal can be expected by the coccidiosis control agent of the present invention, the feed additive containing the same, and the feed. [Type of the Invention] The coccidiosis controlling agent of the animal of the present invention is characterized in that it contains cashew nut shell φ oil and/or cashew acid, and is selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E. At least one. The cashew nut shell liquid used in the present invention is an oily liquid contained in the shell of the fruit of Anacardium occidentale L. The composition of cashew nut shell liquid contains cashew acid, cardanol, cardol. The cashew nut shell liquid used in the present invention can be obtained by pressing the vegetable oil extracted from the shell of the cashew nut. Further, the cashew nut shell liquid used in the present invention can also be obtained by heating or extraction, for example, by extracting the cashew nut shell by dry distillation or solvent. Further, the cashew nut shell liquid to be used in the present invention can be obtained, for example, by a solvent extraction method, a heating method or the like according to the method described in JP-A-8-231410. The cashew nut shell liquid used in the present invention may be an oil obtained by heat-sterilizing oil, crushing and crushing the cashew nut shell. Commercially available products of the cashew nut shell liquid used in the present invention can also be used. The content of the cashew nut shell liquid in the coccidiosis controlling agent of the present invention is preferably 10% by mass to 100% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass to 100% by mass, and most preferably 20% by mass to 100% by mass. Anti-coccidial effect can be achieved by using a prescribed amount of -9-201006467 control agent of 10% by mass or more. Further, when the feed contains the control agent of the present invention, the content of the cashew nut shell liquid in the feed is preferably 0.02% by mass to 4.0% by mass, more preferably 4% by mass to 2.0% by mass, and 0.06% by mass. ~1.0% by mass is the best. The anticoccidial effect can be achieved by using a predetermined amount of the feed of 0.02% by mass or more, and it is preferable that the feed composition is not affected when 4.0% by mass or less is used. The cashew nut shell liquid used in the present invention may be directly used as a cashew nut shell containing oil, or may be pulverized and crushed, and then converted into a cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) (containing 30% CNSL in the cashew nut shell). The content of the coccidiosis control agent and the feed may be within the above range. The cashew acids used in the present invention include natural cashew acids, synthetic cashew acids, and derivatives thereof. Commercially available cashew acids can also be used. The cashew nut acid can be obtained by extracting the cashew nut oil obtained by extracting the cashew nut shell in an organic solvent, for example, by using a ceria colloidal column color layer analysis, by changing n-hexane or acetic acid, as described in JP-A-8-231410. The ratio of the mixed solid solution of the ethyl ester and the acetic acid is eluted (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei. The cashew acids thus obtained can be contained in the same amount as the cashew nut shell liquid, and are contained in the coccidiosis control agent and the feed. The coccidiosis control agent of the present invention contains at least one of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E. The concentration of the vitamin in the coccidiosis control agent is relative to that of 500 to 5000. The physiological saline solution of the /ml coccidia oocysts is preferably 1 to 1, the mass ppm is 201006467, the 3 to 300 mass ppm is better, and the 10 to 100 mass ppm is optimal. Among them, a certain amount of the controlling agent of 1 mass ppm or more can achieve an anticoccidial effect. When it is contained in the feed of the present invention, it may be at the same concentration. The coccidiosis controlling agent of the present invention may further contain a calcium salt. The calcium salt may, for example, be calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogencarbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium phosphite, calcium fatty acid or calcium lactate, but is not limited thereto. The concentration of the calcium salt in the coccidiosis control agent is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, and 0 to 2% by weight with respect to physiological saline containing 500 to 5000 cells/ml of coccidia oocysts. % is better, 0.4 to 2% by mass is the best. Among them, a predetermined amount of the controlling agent of 0.1% by mass or more can achieve an anticoccidial effect. When it is contained in the feed of the present invention, it can be used in the same concentration. The coccidiosis controlling agent of the present invention may further contain a magnesium salt. The magnesium salt may, for example, be magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium carbonate or magnesium chloride, but is not limited thereto. The concentration contained in the coccidiosis control agent is preferably 〇"~10 φ mass%, 0.2~5 relative to the physiological saline containing 00~500 00/ml coccidia oocyst. The mass % is better, and the best is 0.4 to 2 mass%. Among them, the amount of the inhibitor of 0.1% by mass or more can achieve the anticoccidial effect. When it is contained in the feed of the present invention, it may be at the same concentration. The animal to be the object of the coccidiosis control agent of the present invention is preferably a ruminant such as a cow, a goat or a sheep, and a bird such as a chicken or a turkey, but is not limited thereto. Further in the present invention, the control system includes prevention and treatment. The bacteria causing coccidiosis in chickens which are the target of the coccidiostat control agent of the present invention include Eimeria tenella, E. acervulina, and E. necatrix. ), Brinell 201006467 E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. mivati, chicken and E. mitis, early maturing E. precox, E. hagani, etc., while turkey coccidiosis is caused by turkey and E. meleagrimitis, E. adenoides, E. gallopo vonis, etc. Caused by the jin. The bacteria causing bovine coccidiosis can be Eimeria bovis, E. zuernii, Obo eucalyptus (E. auburnensis), E. ellipsoidalis. The dosage form of the coccidiostat controlling agent of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be, for example, a powder, a liquid, a solid, an ingot, etc., of E. arloingi, A. ovina, and the like. Any type of agent, capsule, emulsion, etc. The coccidiosis controlling agent of the present invention can be produced by mixing with cashew nut shell liquid, vitamins, and any optional components as needed, and then by formulation. Further, depending on the form of the dosage form, the husked/broken material of the aforementioned cashew nut shell or the cashew nut shell may be directly mixed with any other components without any treatment, and is a coccidiosis controlling agent of the present invention. Further, it is also possible to mix the crushed/broken material or directly use the cashew nut shell and the vitamins A to E as a feed additive, and to use it as a feed. The feed additive of the present invention can be mixed with other feed ingredients used in pet foods, pet nutrition supplements (hereinafter referred to as feeds), and can be used as feed. There are no special restrictions on the type of feed and the ingredients other than cashew nut shell liquid. The feed is preferably used as a ruminant. -12- 201006467 The feed of the present invention can be prepared by directly adding a feed additive to a feed ingredient and mixing it. In this case, when a powdery or solid feed additive is used, the feed additive can be in a liquid or gel form in order to facilitate mixing. At this time, water-soluble high molecular compounds such as water, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, and the like, vegetable oil, liquid animal oil, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl decyl ketone, and polyacrylic acid can be used as the liquid carrier. In addition, in order to maintain the 'uniformity of the cashew nut shell liquid in the feed, it can also be mixed with alginic acid, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, casein sodium, arba gum, Guanhua bean gum, tamarind seed polysaccharides, etc. Sexual polysaccharides. The feed of the present invention may contain corn, sorghum, wheat bran, rice bran, soybean meal, corn flour, rice flour and soy flour, etc., and the concentration of the substances in the feed is preferably 1 to 90% by mass, 5 to 75% by mass. More preferably, 10 to 50% by mass is optimal. Among them, the anticoccidial effect can be achieved at 1% by mass or more, and the performance as a feed can be maintained when it is 90% by mass or less. The feed of the present invention may further contain any component such as an effective ingredient for promoting the growth of ruminants, a nutritional supplement component, and a storage stability component. Examples of such optional components include enterococci, natto, phenanthrene, and natto bacteria; enzymes such as amylase and lipolytic enzymes: choline chloride, inositol, and folic acid. Classes; minerals such as potassium chloride, ferric citrate, phosphates; DL-alanine, DL-methionine, amino acid such as L-isoamine acid; fumaric acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and Organic acids such as acid salts; antioxidants such as ethoxyquinine and dibutylhydroxytoluene; antifungal agents such as propionic acid and sodium propionate; binders such as CMC, casein sodium and sodium polyacrylate; Emulsifiers such as acid esters and sorbitan fatty acid esters; pigments such as astaxanthin and canthaxanthin; various esters, ethers, ketones and the like. 13-201006467 The species of the animal ingesting the feed of the present invention is Ruminants are better. For example, the feed of the present invention is suitable for breeding of ruminants such as cattle, goats, and sheep. The amount of the feed can be appropriately adjusted according to the animal's weight, age, sex, health status, and feed composition, and the cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid contained in the feed is 0.005 to 500 g/ Head • Day is better '0.05~100g / head • 曰 better, 〇. 5~50g / head · day best 〇 〇 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取 摄取[Embodiment] [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the related embodiments. The coccidiosis control agent or feed of the present invention purchases a shell of cashew nuts from cashew nuts (trade limited). Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is obtained by press extraction of the shell. The surfactant BREDOL694 was purchased from Pacific Science for limited emulsification of CNSL. In the following examples, vitamin A (Example η, Vitamin Β (Example 2), Vitamin C (Example 3), Vitamin D (Example 4), and Vitamin E (Example 5), or Vitamin E) And carbon-14-201006467 calcium acid (Example 6), calcium phosphate (Example 7), or magnesium oxide (Example 8) combined with CNSL and BREDOL694 as the coccidiosis control agent of the present invention' or vitamins E, calcium carbonate and wheat bran (Example 9), rice bran (Example 1 〇), soybean meal (Example 11), or corn flour (Example 12) 'Used in combination with CNSL and BREDOL 694 for the present invention Feed. Coccidiosis control test collects the natural infection Eimeriazuernii after the bovine sputum feces 'separate the oocysts under a solid microscope, and then wash with physiological saline, then add 5ml of physiological saline to a humidified culture dish of 9cm in diameter and put it into the wash. The net oocysts were adjusted to 2000/ml. In addition, the sterilized culture dish without any substance was used as a control group. The group of RED.5 mass% CNSL and 〇·5 mass% BREDOL094 was added as a comparison. Example 1. 0.5% by mass of BRED will be added The group of OL694 and 1 〇〇 mass PPm of vitamin A was used as Comparative Example 2. The group of 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 1 〇〇 mass of PPm was added as Comparative Example 3. 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 was added. A group of 100 masses of PPm2 vitamin C was used as Comparative Example 4. A group of 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 100% of PPm of vitamin D was added as Comparative Example 5. 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 100% of PPm2 -15- 201006467 The group of vitamin E was used as Comparative Example 6. A group of 0.5% by mass of BRED OL694 and 1% by mass of calcium carbonate was added as Comparative Example 7. 0.5% by mass of BRED OL6 94 and 1% by mass of calcium phosphate were added. The group was used as Comparative Example 8. A group of 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 1% by mass of magnesium oxide was added as Comparative Example 9. A group of 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 20% by mass of wheat bran was added as a comparative example. 1 〇 A group of 0.5% by mass of BREDOL 694 and 20% by mass of rice bran was added as Comparative Example 1 1. A group of 0.5% by mass of BREDOL 694 and 20% by mass of soybean mash was added as Comparative Example 1 2 . 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 20% by mass The group of corn flour was used as Comparative Example 13. 3. A group of CN.5% by mass of CNSL and 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin A was added as Example 1 ° 0.5% by mass of CNSL and 0.5 were added. The group of BREDOL694 of mass% and vitamin B of 100 ppm by mass was taken as Example 1. A group of 0.5% by mass of CNSL and 0.5% by mass of BREDOL694 and 100% by mass of vitamin C will be added as an example ❹ ❹ 201006467 0.5% by mass of CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin E 4 will be added. 5.5% by mass of CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin Σ A group of 5% by mass of CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin E calcium hydrate was added as Example 6. A group of 0.5% by mass of CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin E calcium acid was added as Example 7. A group of SL_5 mass% CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 mass ppm of vitamin E magnesium oxide was added as Example 8. A group of 0.5% by mass of CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin E calcium phosphate and 20% by mass of wheat bran will be added as an example, and 5% by mass of CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin E will be added. Calcium acid, 20% by mass of rice bran, as an example, 0.5% by mass of CNSL and BREDOL694 and 100 ppm by mass of vitamin E calcium acid, and 20% by mass of soybean meal as a 0.5% by mass of hair The group is 0.5% by mass of the example; the group is 0.5% by mass and 1% by mass of carbon 0.5% by mass and 1% by mass of phosphorus 0.5% by mass and 1% by mass of oxygen 0.5 % by mass and 1% by mass of carbon 9. 0.5% by mass and 1% by mass of carbon 10° 0.5% by mass and 1% by mass of carbon 711 1 1 〇-17- 201006467 〇·5% by mass of CNSL and 0.5% by mass of BREDOL6 94 and 1 〇〇 will be added A mass of ppm of vitamin E and 1% by mass of calcium carbonate and 20% by mass of corn flour were used as Example 12. The humidified culture dish was placed at 37 ° C for 7 days and observed at the appropriate time. After 7 days, observation under a stereoscopic microscope was performed to determine the number of oocysts and to observe the deformation and dissolution state of the cell wall. The results are shown in Table 1.

-18- 201006467 表1 健全卵囊體數 減少率 溶解變性率n 第〇天 第7天 (%) (%) 比較例1 2, 101 1,723 18 0 比較例2 2, 050 1,901 7 0 比較例3 2, 069 2,001 3 0 比較例4 2, 109 2,011 5 0 比較例5 2, 022 1,969 3 0 比較例6 2, 110 2, 069 2 0 比較例7 2, 058 2,010 2 0 比較例8 2,083 2, 009 4 0 比較例9 2, 039 1,990 2 0 比較例10 2, 109 2,015 4 0 比較例11 2, 111 2, 000 5 0 比較例12 2,029 1,988 2 0 比較例13 2, 095 2, 005 4 0 實施例1 2, 086 1，101 47 5 實施例2 2, 100 1,058 50 10 實施例3 2,026 1，111 45 9 實施例4 2, 101 1,084 48 11 實施例5 2, 095 1，105 47 10 實施例6 2, 001 805 60 25 實施例7 2,026 850 58 24 實施例8 2, 028 804 60 28 實施例9 2, 041 501 75 51 實施例10 2, 059 523 75 49 實施例11 2,072 480 77 53 實施例12 2, 100 508 76 48 對照例 2, 009 2, 004 0 0-18- 201006467 Table 1 The rate of reduction of the number of healthy oocysts The rate of dissolution and denaturation n Day 7 of the third day (%) (%) Comparative Example 1 2, 101 1,723 18 0 Comparative Example 2 2, 050 1,901 7 0 Comparative Example 3 2, 069 2,001 3 0 Comparative Example 4 2, 109 2,011 5 0 Comparative Example 5 2, 022 1,969 3 0 Comparative Example 6 2, 110 2, 069 2 0 Comparative Example 7 2, 058 2,010 2 0 Comparative Example 8 2,083 2, 009 4 0 Comparative Example 9 2, 039 1,990 2 0 Comparative Example 10 2, 109 2,015 4 0 Comparative Example 11 2, 111 2, 000 5 0 Comparative Example 12 2,029 1,988 2 0 Comparative Example 13 2, 095 2, 005 4 0 Example 1 2, 086 1, 101 47 5 Example 2 2, 100 1,058 50 10 Example 3 2,026 1,111 45 9 Example 4 2, 101 1,084 48 11 Example 5 2, 095 1,105 47 10 Implementation Example 6 2, 001 805 60 25 Example 7 2,026 850 58 24 Example 8 2, 028 804 60 28 Example 9 2, 041 501 75 51 Example 10 2, 059 523 75 49 Example 11 2,072 480 77 53 Implementation Example 12 2, 100 508 76 48 Comparative Example 2, 009 2, 004 0 0

1 >係於第7天殘存卵囊體中之比例 -19- 201006467 如實施例1〜5所示，藉由組合CNSL與維他命A、B 、C、D或E，與比較例相比明顯的減少Eimeria zuernii 的卵囊體。 如實施例6〜8所示，於CNSL與維他命E之組合中 ，藉由再與碳酸鈣、磷酸鈣或氧化鎂組合，與比較例相比 明顯的減少Eimeria zuernii的卵囊體數，及觀察到殘存卵 囊體之溶解變形。 如實施例9〜12所示，於CNSL與維他命E及碳酸鈣 之組合中，藉由再與麥糠、米糠、黃豆粕或玉米粉組合， 與比較例相比大幅的減少Eimeriazuernii的卵囊體數，及 觀察到殘存卵囊體之較高溶解變形。 [產業上之可利用性] 藉由本發明之球蟲症防除劑、含其之添加劑以及飼料 ，可防除動物（特別爲反芻動物）之球蟲症。 -20-1 > ratio in the remaining oocysts on day 7-19-201006467 As shown in Examples 1 to 5, by combining CNSL with vitamins A, B, C, D or E, it is apparent compared with the comparative example. Reduce the oocysts of Eimeria zuernii. As shown in Examples 6 to 8, in the combination of CNSL and vitamin E, the number of oocysts of Eimeria zuernii was significantly reduced and compared with the comparative example by further combining with calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or magnesium oxide. Dissolved deformation of the remaining oocysts. As shown in Examples 9 to 12, in combination with CNSL and vitamin E and calcium carbonate, the oocysts of Eimeriazuernii were significantly reduced compared with the comparative examples by further combining with wheat bran, rice bran, soybean meal or corn flour. Number, and observed higher dissolution deformation of the remaining oocysts. [Industrial Applicability] The coccidiosis of the animal (especially a ruminant) can be prevented by the coccidiosis controlling agent of the present invention, the additive containing the same, and the feed. -20-

Claims (1)

201006467 七、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種動物的球蟲症防除劑，其特徵係含有腰果殼 油及/或腰果酸（anacardic acid)類，及選自維他命A、 維他命B、維他命C、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種者 〇 2-如申請專利範圍第1項之球蟲症防除劑，其中係 ' 進而含有選自鈣鹽類及鎂鹽類之至少一種者。 * 3.如申請專利範圍第1或2項之球蟲症防除劑，其 〇 中該動物係反芻動物。 4. 一種飼料添加劑，其特徵係含有如申請專利範圍 第1〜3項中任一項之球蟲症防除劑。 5. 一種飼料，其特徵係含有如申請專利範圍第4項 之飼料添加劑。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之飼料，其中係進而含有 選自玉米、高梁、麥糠、米糠、黃豆粕、玉米粉、米粉及 φ 黃豆粉之至少一種者。 7. 一種動物的飼育方法，其特徵係使動物攝取如申 請專利範圍第5或6項之飼料。 8. 一種動物的治療方法，其特徵係投與腰果殼油及 /或腰果酸類，以及選自維他命A、維他命B、維他命C 、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種者。 9. 一種使用，其特徵係於製造動物的球蟲症防除劑 時，使用腰果殼油及/或腰果酸類’以及選自維他命A、維 他命B、維他命C、維他命D及維他命E之至少一種者。 -21 - 201006467 四、指定代表圖： (一） 、本案指定代表圖為：無 (二） 、本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明：無201006467 VII. Patent application scope: 1. An animal coccidiosis control agent, which is characterized by containing cashew nut shell liquid and/or anacardic acid, and is selected from vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, and vitamin D. And at least one of vitamin E 2 - a coccidiosis control agent according to claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the system further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium salts and magnesium salts. * 3. For the coccidiosis control agent of claim 1 or 2, the animal is a ruminant. A feed additive characterized by containing a coccidiosis control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. A feed characterized by a feed additive as in claim 4 of the patent application. 6. The feed according to item 5 of the patent application, which further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of corn, sorghum, wheat bran, rice bran, soybean meal, corn flour, rice flour and φ soy flour. 7. An animal breeding method characterized in that an animal is ingested as in claim 5 or 6 of the patent. 8. An animal treatment method characterized by administering cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew acid, and at least one selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E. 9. A use characterized by the use of cashew nut shell liquid and/or cashew nut acid and the at least one selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E in the manufacture of an animal's coccidiosis control agent. . -21 - 201006467 IV. Designated representative map: (1) The designated representative figure of this case is: None (2), the symbol of the representative figure is simple: no 201006467 五、本案若有化學式時，請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學 式：無201006467 V. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please reveal the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: none
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