200952559 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種可回應於一操作區域中的物件之存在 的照明單元’且關於一種包括複數個此等照明單元之照明 系統，以及關於一種用於回應於一物件之存在來控制照明 之方法。 【先前技術】 美國專利2005/281030 A1揭示一 LED(發光二極體）燈， 其具有一自主操作佔用感測器，該佔用感測器係用於偵測 如在安裝有該燈之一房間中的人之存在。當該感測器偵測 到無人時’該燈被調暗或關閉以節約電能。 【發明内容】 土於此清形，本發明之一目的係提供用於照亮一相關區 域之更堅固與可靠的構件’該等構件可回應於該區域中的 物件之存在。 此目的係藉由如技術方案以―照明單元、如技術方案9 之照明系統’及如技術方幸1 5夕 町乃茱15之一方法而達成。附屬技 術方案中揭示較佳的實施例。 根據本發明之該照明單元 ^ r-, J 口應於一刼作區域中的物件 义存在，如回應於一房間中 存在m 存在、料上的行人的 件：車道上的車輛的存在。該照明單元包括以下組 區 a)至少一光源，其用於照亮 域或該操作區域的一部分。 一相關區域，特別是操作 5亥光源可包括適於光之產 139567.doc 200952559 生的任一裒置，如LED、磷轉換LED、有機led (OLED)、雷射、磷轉換雷射、螢光燈、_素燈、高強 度放電（HID)燈，及/或超高性能（UHp)燈（其中此等光源 可另外與濾光器連同及/或若須要則作為—有色光源）。 此外’該光源可由複數個單一元件組成，如具有不同或 相同顏色的LED，在本發明之上下文十，其等通常被共 同或同時控制及作為一單一實體而處理。200952559 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a lighting unit that can respond to the presence of an object in an operating area and relates to a lighting system comprising a plurality of such lighting units, and to a A method for controlling illumination in response to the presence of an object. [Prior Art] US Patent No. 2005/281030 A1 discloses an LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp having an autonomous operation occupancy sensor for detecting a room such as one of the lamps installed therein. The existence of the person in it. When the sensor detects no one, the light is dimmed or turned off to conserve power. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One aspect of the present invention is to provide a stronger and more reliable member for illuminating an associated area. The members are responsive to the presence of objects in the area. This object is achieved by a method such as a lighting unit, a lighting system such as the technical solution 9, and a method such as the technique of the Fukushima 1-15. Preferred embodiments are disclosed in the accompanying technical solutions. According to the invention, the lighting unit ^ r-, J port should exist in the object area of a production area, such as in response to the presence of m in a room, the presence of a pedestrian on the material: the presence of the vehicle on the lane. The lighting unit comprises the following group a) at least one light source for illuminating the field or a portion of the operating area. A related area, especially the operation of 5 liters of light source may include any device suitable for the production of light 139567.doc 200952559, such as LED, phosphor converted LED, organic led (OLED), laser, phosphorus conversion laser, firefly Lights, s-lights, high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, and/or ultra-high-performance (UHp) lamps (wherein these sources may additionally be combined with the filter and/or if necessary - a colored source). Furthermore, the light source may be composed of a plurality of individual elements, such as LEDs having different or the same color, which are generally controlled collectively or simultaneously and treated as a single entity in the context of the present invention.
b)至；一光偵測器，其用於偵測光並用於提供一與該 偵測光相關之偵測信號，其中該偵測光可特別包括藉由 該上述光源發射並藉由該操作區域中的一物件反射之 光。舉例而言，該光偵測器可包括一光二極體、光電池 或光感測器，其對可見光之完整光譜範圍或其一部分敏 感。該偵測信號通常為一電信號，如電壓或電流，其係 可表示所偵測光之總量。請注意，此處用語「反射光」 應被廣義理解，亦即，作為包括具有以任何方式與一物 件相互作用的光，例如（及最重要地）藉由一狹義之反 射’但亦可藉由折射或繞射。 c) 一控制單元，其用於評估關於在該操作區域中的一 物件之存在之該上述偵測信號並用於根據該評估結果而 調適該光源之操作。舉例而言，該控制單元可實行於專 用電子硬體、具有相關的軟體之數位資料處理硬體或 兩者之混合中。 5玄上述照明單元之優點為，其利用自身光源發射的光以 4貞測該操作區域中 的一物件之存在。因此，其並不相依於 139567.doc 200952559 該物件之自主輻射（如，生物之紅外光發射）或相依於充足 的環境光之可利用性。此外，由於可應用於照亮該操作區 域中的該光源(且其已經存在)可額外地用於偵測目的因此 可將硬體之花費減至最少。利用該本身光源之光之另一優 點為提供可控制的、可再生的及熟知的照明條件以幫㈣ 加該等制結果之可靠性。此外，由該光源所發射之電^ 通常可比一次級源所發射之電能高得多，該次級源通常用 於存在偵測，如-紅外線LED，且此將因此導致該偵測器 之一更高的信號位準及偵測可靠性。 根據該照明單元之一較佳實施例，該控制單元係經設計 使得如果沒有物件存在於該操作區域中時，職光源之操 作係由一高位準調暗至一低位準（包含一「零」位準，亦 即，一完全關閉），且反之亦然（亦即，如果有物件存在 時’由-低位準至一高位準）。如果該等相關物件為需要 該光源之一高位準操作之在一房間中的人（如辦公室中的 雇貝）、道路上的行人，或車道上的車輛時，該程序特別 有利。因此，如果在該操作區域中不存在此等光之使用者 時，可節約電能且可將該光源調暗到一低位準。 «亥控制單元可以各種方式偵測或推斷在該操作區域中的 物件之存在，舉例而言，由反射光增加超過一給定臨限 值。在一較佳實施例中，該控制單元適於偵測該偵測信號 之變化。此等谓測信號之變化將指示發生於該操作區域中 的變化，其通常將歸因於與該照明單元相關之如人或車輛 之一物件之移動。此外，信號變化之偵測使得該程序獨立 J39567.doc 200952559 於一靜態基線信號，舉例而言，其可受環境光影響。請注 意，該變化之偵測通常將指一些給定的時標，舉例而言， 指該光源之二個連續的規則偵測週期之間的間隔，為此比 較該等相應的偵測信號。因此，通常只有當物件的移動速 . 率在一給定範圍内（如在1 m/h與5〇 m/s之間）時其等將被偵 測。 根據本發明之一較佳實施例，該光源重複發射光之測試 φ 發射至s亥操作區域或該操作區域中的一部分中。因此，甚 至是在該光源之「正常」照明操作被調暗至一（非零）低位 準或完全關閉時，該操作區域仍可被連續地監控或掃描。 此外，測試發射之運用之一優點為其等發生、持續時間、 強度等係熟知的及可調整的，因此容許可靠地偵測在該操 作區域中反射之後落於該光偵測器上之光。該測試發射較 佳地被歸併入該照明單元之「正常」照明操作中，亦即， 該光源之平均強度不發生變化。 〇 該上述測試發射可視情況地包括一個別編碼圖案。舉例 而言’該圖案可包括該等測試發射（如紅、綠、藍）之一特 殊光譜組合物及/或一調變強度。該等測試發射因此承載 特徵的指紋’其容許將該測量反射分配至該相關的光 源。由於該個別編碼圖案容許區別不同光源的測試發射， 因此若使用複數個照明單元，則其為特別有利。 根據本發明之另一發展’該照明單元可適於獨立地評估 债測光’該偵測光係由另一光源而非該照明單元之光源發 射且其係由一物件反射。接著該光偵測器與該控制單元可 139567.doc 200952559 將從其他光源至該控制空間域的光，及其等可 用於其等的制程序’因此容許增加其等㈣測結果= ==此一獨立她-習知方式為該上述編碼測試 該控制單元較佳地包括-記憶體，該記憶體⑼用於追 蹤(亦即決定與儲存)在該操作區域中的物件之實際數量及/ 或空間位置/分佈。舉例而言，該控制單元可基於—物件 反射之光之強度來推斷該物件之(近似)空間位置(例如，一 更高強度指示該物件更接近於該光源/光伯測器）。此外， 瞭解存在於該操作區域中的物件之淨數量將幫助避免誤 差，例如將靜止的物件誤判為不存在物件。 根據本發明之另一實施例，該照明單元包括一警報單 元，其可由該控制單元啟動’例如一擴音器、一警報燈， 及/或纟線警報發射器。接著該照明單元關於物件之存 在而調查-操作區域之能力不僅可用於一光源之自適應控 制田已偵測到一預定義的緊急情況時亦可用於觸發一警 報此報“單元可用於醫院、緊急情況，或（老件人）居 豕應用例如可偵測小孩的突然呼吸停止、债測車輛駕駛 貝、飛貝等的打睡睡 7占丨 打險睡可偵測人的突然移動變化或完全 不移動（例如加強維安場所）或可彳貞測未經許可人員之聞入 之處。 本發月關於一照明系統，其回應於一相關的操作 域中的物件之存在，該照明系統包括複數個照明單元，每 一個照明單元包括： 139567.doc 200952559 a) 至少一光源； b) 至少一光偵測器，其用於偵測光並用於提供一相關 的债測彳&號’其中該彳貞測光可特別包括由該光源發射旅 由一與該照明單元相關之一操作區域中的物件反射之 光；a photodetector for detecting light and for providing a detection signal related to the detection light, wherein the detection light may specifically include emission by the light source and by the operation The light reflected from an object in the area. For example, the photodetector can include a photodiode, photocell, or photosensor that is sensitive to the full spectral range of visible light or a portion thereof. The detection signal is typically an electrical signal, such as a voltage or current, which is representative of the total amount of light detected. Please note that the term "reflected light" as used herein shall be understood broadly, that is, as including light that interacts with an object in any way, such as (and most importantly) by a narrow reflection 'but may also borrow By refraction or diffraction. c) a control unit for evaluating the detection signal regarding the presence of an object in the operating area and for adapting the operation of the light source based on the evaluation result. For example, the control unit can be implemented in a dedicated electronic hardware, a digital data processing hardware with associated software, or a mixture of both. The advantage of the above illumination unit is that it uses the light emitted by its own light source to measure the presence of an object in the operation area. Therefore, it does not depend on 139567.doc 200952559 the autonomous radiation of the object (eg, infrared light emission from living organisms) or the availability of sufficient ambient light. Moreover, since the light source (and which already exists) that can be applied to illuminate the area of operation can be additionally used for detection purposes, the cost of the hardware can be minimized. Another advantage of using the light of the own source is to provide controllable, reproducible, and well-known lighting conditions to help (4) add reliability to such results. In addition, the power emitted by the source can generally be much higher than the power emitted by the primary source, which is typically used for presence detection, such as an infrared LED, and this would result in one of the detectors. Higher signal level and detection reliability. According to a preferred embodiment of the lighting unit, the control unit is designed such that if no object is present in the operating area, the operation of the light source is dimmed from a high level to a low level (including a "zero" The level, that is, one is completely closed), and vice versa (that is, if there is an object present, 'from the low level to the high level). This procedure is particularly advantageous if the related items are persons in a room (e.g., hired in an office) that require one of the light sources to operate at a high level, a pedestrian on the road, or a vehicle on the roadway. Therefore, if there is no such light user in the operating area, power can be saved and the light source can be dimmed to a low level. The «Hai control unit can detect or infer the presence of objects in the operating area in various ways, for example, by increasing the reflected light by more than a given threshold. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit is adapted to detect a change in the detection signal. A change in these predictive signals will indicate a change that occurs in the operational region, which will typically be attributed to the movement of an object such as a person or vehicle associated with the lighting unit. In addition, the detection of signal changes makes the program independent of J39567.doc 200952559 in a static baseline signal, for example, which can be affected by ambient light. Please note that the detection of this change will generally refer to a given time scale, for example, the interval between two consecutive regular detection periods of the source, for which the corresponding detection signals are compared. Therefore, it is usually only detected when the moving speed of the object is within a given range (e.g., between 1 m/h and 5 〇 m/s). According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the test φ of the light source repeatedly emitting light is emitted into the s operating region or a portion of the operating region. Therefore, even when the "normal" illumination operation of the light source is dimmed to a (non-zero) low level or fully closed, the operating area can be continuously monitored or scanned. In addition, one of the advantages of the use of test emission is that its occurrence, duration, intensity, etc. are well known and adjustable, thus allowing reliable detection of light falling on the photodetector after reflection in the operating region. . The test emission is preferably incorporated into the "normal" illumination operation of the illumination unit, i.e., the average intensity of the source does not change. 〇 The above test transmission may optionally include a different coding pattern. For example, the pattern can include a particular spectral composition of the test emissions (e.g., red, green, blue) and/or a modulation intensity. The test shots thus carry a fingerprint of the feature 'which allows the measurement reflection to be distributed to the associated light source. Since the individual coding patterns allow for the differentiation of test emissions of different light sources, it is particularly advantageous if a plurality of illumination units are used. According to another development of the invention, the illumination unit can be adapted to independently evaluate the debt metering. The detection light is emitted by another source rather than the source of the illumination unit and is reflected by an object. Then the photodetector and the control unit can 139567.doc 200952559 from the other light sources to the light in the control space domain, and the like, which can be used for the program, etc. 'So allow to increase its (four) test results === An independent method for the above-described coding test, the control unit preferably comprises a memory for tracking (ie determining and storing) the actual number of objects in the operating area and/or Spatial location/distribution. For example, the control unit can infer the (approximate) spatial position of the object based on the intensity of the light reflected by the object (e.g., a higher intensity indicates that the object is closer to the light source/light detector). In addition, understanding the net amount of objects present in the operating area will help avoid errors, such as misidentifying a stationary object as a non-existing object. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the lighting unit includes an alarm unit that can be activated by the control unit, e.g., a loudspeaker, an alarm light, and/or a squall warning transmitter. Then, the lighting unit can investigate the operation area of the object not only for the adaptive control of a light source but also for detecting a predefined emergency situation, and can also be used to trigger an alarm. The unit can be used in a hospital, Emergency situations, or (old people) residence applications such as sudden breathing stops that can detect a child, debt test, driving, and flying, etc. Do not move at all (for example, to strengthen the Vian site) or to speculate on the smuggling of unlicensed personnel. This month is about a lighting system that responds to the presence of objects in a related operational domain, the lighting system Included in the plurality of lighting units, each of the lighting units includes: 139567.doc 200952559 a) at least one light source; b) at least one light detector for detecting light and for providing an associated debt test & Wherein the pupil light metering may particularly comprise emitting, by the light source, light reflected by an object in an operating region associated with the lighting unit;
❹ c) 一控制單元’考慮該偵測信號（及或許進一步的資 訊）’該控制單元可用於偵測在該操作域之至少一部分 中的一物件之存在，並因此可用於調適該光源之操作。 該照明系統可特別地由複數個上述類型的照明單元組 成，其中該操作域為該等單元之所有操作區域之總和。歸 因於此對應，可參考以上該照明單元之用於該照明系統之 詳情、優點與修改之更多資訊的描述。 根據該照明系統之一較佳實施例，其照明單元適於區分 從關於該照明單元之一物件反射的光，該照明單元為此光 之起源：^此方式，該等照明單元能夠對其偵測信號進行 一新的及更精確的評估，例如關於一物件之行蹤之一空間 为辨率及/或一物件之移動方向及速度。 在該照明系統之另一實施例中，其照明單元適於重複發 射測試發射，該等測試發射包括個別的、線性獨立的編碼 ，案。接著將有可能基於該壓印編碼㈣，將每-個照明 單元識別為一測量光貢獻 兀•貝馱之起源。在上下文中，該等編碼 圖案之「線性獨立，音咗益Μ丄 者藉由剩餘編碼測試發射之一權 重重疊無法產生該等編碼測贫 二 』忒發射。因此，即使所有光源 貝獻其測試發射至一測量，β 、，悤疋有可能明白地識別一特殊 139567.doc 200952559 光源之貢獻。 根據該照明系統之另-發展，此系統之該等照明單元包 括發射Θ單7L與接收器單元，其等用於交換資訊信號例 如RF或IR發射器/接收器單元。 在該等照明單7〇之間交換之上述資訊信號可特別地被編 碼，其等光源之光發射。因此，肖已經可得之硬體，亦即 3等光源與4等光彳貞測^，被有利地用作為資訊交換之發 射器與接收器。 該等資訊信號通常可對編碼應在該等照明單元之間通信 的任:類型的資訊，例如關於其等調暗位準之資訊。在一 較佳實施例中’該等信號包括關於在該操作域中的物件之 偵測之資訊’例如其數量及（近似）位置及/或該照明單元之 識别（八等可由&照明單Μ貞測）。此外，在此情況下該等 ’、單元適於备控制該等照明單元自身光源時考慮此資 訊、。如果-照明單元偵測到—物件之存在，則因此此資訊 可被傳送到其他尚未價測到該物件之照明單元。該照明系 統^組件，同等操作可因此產生協同效應，其顯著增加該 ”、眭此此亦可視情況包括來自複數個照明單元之資 訊之結合。 該亡述同等操作可特別包括，基於—第—照明單元之該 操作=域中的物㈣測，在此第-單it之-給定範圍中的 所^照明單^亦可被調暗。根據該等照明單元至該第一照 明單元之距離，太卜 、 下文中’該給定範圍」可視情況進 一步被歸類為列的子。舉例而t，因此有可能關於 139567.doc 200952559 中繼站之數量來定義子範圍 由該等中繼站而向前，亦即 ，關於一物件之偵測之資訊經 「子範圍!」包括可與該第—照明單元(其偵測在其操 作區域中的物件）直接通信之所有照明單元，如^光 學信號， 「子範圍N」包括可盥早銘固〜 i孩I、于靶圍>M之照明單元直接通❹ c) a control unit 'considering the detection signal (and perhaps further information)' the control unit can be used to detect the presence of an object in at least a portion of the operational domain and thus can be used to adapt the operation of the light source . The illumination system may in particular be comprised of a plurality of illumination units of the above type, wherein the operational domain is the sum of all of the operational regions of the units. For this reason, reference may be made to the above description of the lighting unit for more details, advantages and modifications of the lighting system. According to a preferred embodiment of the illumination system, the illumination unit is adapted to distinguish light reflected from an object relating to the illumination unit, the illumination unit originating from the light: in this manner, the illumination units are capable of detecting The measurement signal is subjected to a new and more accurate evaluation, such as the spatial resolution of an object and the direction and speed of movement of an object. In another embodiment of the illumination system, the illumination unit is adapted to repeatedly transmit test emissions, the test transmissions comprising individual, linear independent coding. It will then be possible to identify each of the illumination units as a measured light contribution based on the imprint code (4). In the context, the coding patterns are "linearly independent, and the sounds are transmitted by one of the residual coding test transmissions without weight overlap." Therefore, even if all the light sources are tested, Upon transmission to a measurement, β, 悤疋 may clearly identify the contribution of a particular 139567.doc 200952559 light source. According to another development of the illumination system, the illumination units of the system include a transmission unit 7L and a receiver unit And the like for exchanging information signals such as RF or IR transmitter/receiver units. The above-mentioned information signals exchanged between the illumination sheets 7 can be specifically encoded, and their light sources are emitted. Therefore, Xiao has The available hardware, that is, the three-source light source and the four-dimensional light source, are advantageously used as transmitters and receivers for information exchange. The information signals can usually be coded between the lighting units. Communication: Type of information, such as information about its level of dimming. In a preferred embodiment, 'these signals include information about the detection of objects in the operational domain' The number and (approximate) position and/or the identification of the lighting unit (eight can be measured by & lighting unit). In addition, in this case, the unit is suitable for controlling the light source of the lighting unit itself. Consider this information. If the - lighting unit detects the presence of the object, then this information can be transmitted to other lighting units that have not yet measured the object. The lighting system, the equivalent operation, can produce synergistic effects. It significantly increases the "," and this may also include a combination of information from a plurality of lighting units. The equivalent operation may specifically include, based on the operation of the first-illumination unit = the object (four) in the domain, where the illumination unit in the given range - can also be dimmed. Depending on the distance from the lighting unit to the first lighting unit, the following "the given range" may be further classified as a sub-column. For example, t, it is possible to define the sub-range by the number of relay stations of 139567.doc 200952559 by the relay stations, that is, the information about the detection of an object is included in the "sub-range!" All lighting units that communicate directly with the lighting unit (which detects objects in its operating area), such as ^ optical signals, "sub-range N" includes illumination that can be pre-emphasized ~ i-child I, in target circumference > M Direct unit
信(且並非為-已定義的數量<N的子範圍之一成員)之所 有照明單元，N=2,3，...。 基於其等子範圍數量’在一物件偵測之後照明單元可被 調暗至-特定位準。例如’在子範圍！中其等可被調暗至 70%及在子範圍2中其等可被調暗至5〇%等。 該照明系統可進一步包括一佔用偵測器，其用於债測一 物件之存在並因此用於啟動該等照明單元。為其目的該佔 用偵測器可使用任何技術，例如一被動IR偵測、超音波偵 測、RF(射頻）偵測等，且該佔用偵測器其特別的是一低成 本裝置只用於-待機模式以視需要開啟該照明系統之 微調能力。 本發明進一步關於一種用於回應於一操作區域中的一物 件之存在而控制照明之方法，該方法包括以下步驟： a) 藉由至少一光源將測試光發射入該操作區域。 b) 偵測由一物件反射之發射的測試光。 Ο評估關於該操作區域中的一物件之存在之該經偵測 之測试光’並因此調適該光源之操作。 在一般形式下’該方法包括可由上述類型之一照明單元 139567.doc 200952559 與系統執行之步驟。因此，可參考以上對此方法之詳情、 優點與改良之更多資訊之描述。 以下’將對各種例示性的方法進行總結，一單一照明單 元或一照明系統可藉由此等方法使_物件定位在該操作區 域/範圍中。 ◎ ◎ 在一第一特別實施例中，該照明單元可適於決定 … 源對一光偵測器之偵測信號之個別貢獻。此方法係基於由 特殊的光偵測器接收及決定的該光—及因此該相關的 偵測信號一一將通常包括來自所有（主動）光源之貢獻之重 叠之觀測。然而，冑於某些定位方法有必要瞭解對應於一 特殊光源之反射光之數量。如果該照明單元係以該前述方 式:以調適，則可獲得此資訊。舉例而言，該等光源之個 -獻之决疋了基於該尊光源之不同顏色，其中在此情況 下該光彳貞測器應能夠提供光譜解析測量。然而，不同貢獻 之間的區分較佳的是基於上述該類型個別編碼圖案，其等 被壓印人該等光源之發射。舉例而言，因此該等光源可由 不同的頻率調變’使得該照明單元可基於-記錄偵測信號 之傅立葉(F〇Urier)分析來區別其貢獻。瞭解該等光源盥： (等）光偵測器之办門咿署以芬兮结, '、人 二…@別貝獻原則上容許決定該相關物件之位置(例 或如果所有光源以一已知強度發射且如果該物件之反射 '、、、已知或對所有光源的光而言都至少相$ 位置可藉由一三角測量程序而估計）。 物件之 在另-實施例中’該照明單元適於識別對該價測信號貢 139567.doc •12- 200952559 獻最大之光源，較佳的是該最大標準化貢獻。此方法係關 於該前述方法，但是僅需要一特別貢獻之識別而非各種貢 獻之（疋1的）決定（然而，如果已知後者，則可簡單地識別 該最大貢獻）。在上下文中，「標準化」指該等個別光源之 初始光發射之強度，亦即一光源對該偵測信號之一貢獻之 絕對值係利用該光源之原始發射強度而標準化，因為該等 發射之衰弱/強度係由該標準化中和。因此，一遠程的強 光源無法勝過一附近的弱光源。已知具有該最大標準化貢 獻之光源容許將該相關物件約定位「在」該光源（例如， 垂直地在一嵌入天花板之光源之下）。請注意，如果所有 光源發射相同強度之測試發射，則該標準化可被省略。 根據另一方法，該照明單元可適於決定一特殊光射線從 光源之發射經由該物件之反射至一光偵測器之備測所需 之飛行時間。經由光之速度，該飛行時間係關於該光所必 須傳播之距離，其已提供關於該有關光源及光偵測器之物 件之一（粗略）位置資訊。 在前述方法之另一發展中，該照明單元進一步適於決定 該理想空間資訊’其來自如上述決定之至少三個不同的飛 行時間之一三角測量。因此，可決定該物件之全部空間座 標，其中該精確性隨有關飛行時間之數量而增加。 根據又另一方法，該照明系統適於決定接收最高量的光 之光偵測器，該光由（任一數量之）該等光源發射並由該物 件反射。此方法係基於源於不同光源並由該物件反射之光 之總量通常從各個方向之物件以衰減強度同向傳播之事 139567.doc 200952559 強 優 實。因此，接近於該物件之光偵測器可見此光之最高 度，且其位置可作為該物件之位置之估計。此方法之: 點為該等光源之個別貢獻不必相互獨立。 上述用以決定關於該物件之空間資訊之二個或多個不 的方法當然、可被結合以便提高該定位之精確性與财用性。° 參考下文所描述之該（等）實施例將閣明本發明之此等與 其他態樣’據此可獲深-層H此等實施例將借助^ 隨附圖式藉由實例而描述。 ' 圖中相同的參考數字指相同或相似的組件。 【實施方式】 谷許用於偵測人之存在或活動的許多習知系統係基於附 接至天花板之被動紅外線（PIR)感測器，其偵測來自人體 之IR輻射。然而，此等PIR感測器提供拙劣的分辨率，亦 即，通常該分辨率等於房間的尺寸。因此，此等感測器主 要用以偵測-人之存在，而非決定其在一房間之準確位 置。相機容許在-房間中的人之位置之更高分辨率估計， 但其具有其他的缺點，如成本與隱私問題。此外，習知相 機需要身景光以能夠利用合理對比記錄影像。 為解决上述問題，此處提出一方法及一照明單元/系 統，其基於具有一整體式光感測器之燈而提供關於在室内 或室外環境中的該（活動）物件，例如人或車輛之（3D)位置 之可靠的及尚分辨率資訊。此提議之其他（可選）特徵包 含： 每一個光源發送規則的不可見測試發射至該環境 139567.doc 200952559 中，同時該整體式光感測器測量反 ^ *就。如此方式， 母一個照明單元可對圍繞其的 、… 、逼即歸因於一特殊 的光源的總偵測光之部分）作最新的估計。 變化表明在發送測 例如一人。 -該等接收測試發射之強度之一 試發射之照明單元附近存在一物件， 回應，可製成該環境中 。藉由大量光源與感測All lighting units of the letter (and not a member of the defined number & one of the sub-ranges of N), N = 2, 3, .... The illumination unit can be dimmed to a specific level after an object detection based on its number of sub-ranges. For example 'in the sub-range! They can be dimmed to 70% and in sub-range 2 they can be dimmed to 5% or so. The illumination system can further include an occupancy detector for detecting the presence of an item and thus for activating the lighting unit. For this purpose, the occupancy detector can use any technology, such as a passive IR detection, ultrasonic detection, RF (radio frequency) detection, etc., and the occupancy detector is especially a low-cost device only used for - Standby mode to turn on the fine tuning capability of the lighting system as needed. The invention further relates to a method for controlling illumination in response to the presence of an object in an operational region, the method comprising the steps of: a) emitting test light into the operational region by at least one light source. b) detecting the test light emitted by an object. Ο Evaluating the detected test light' with respect to the presence of an object in the operating area and thus adapting the operation of the light source. In the general form, the method includes steps that can be performed with the system by one of the above types of lighting units 139567.doc 200952559. Therefore, reference may be made to the above description of the details, advantages and improvements of this method. In the following, various exemplary methods will be summarized. A single illumination unit or an illumination system can be used to position an object in the operating area/range. ◎ ◎ In a first particular embodiment, the illumination unit can be adapted to determine an individual contribution of the source to a detection signal of a photodetector. This method is based on the light received and determined by a particular photodetector - and thus the associated detection signal will typically include an observation of the overlap of contributions from all (active) sources. However, it is necessary to understand the amount of reflected light corresponding to a particular light source in some positioning methods. This information is available if the lighting unit is in the manner described above: for adaptation. For example, the source of the light sources is based on the different colors of the light source, in which case the light detector should be capable of providing spectral resolution measurements. However, the distinction between the different contributions is preferably based on the above-described individual coding patterns of the type, which are embossed by the emission of the light sources. For example, the light sources can therefore be modulated by different frequencies' such that the illumination unit can distinguish its contribution based on a Fourier analysis of the recorded detection signal. Understand the light source 盥: (etc.) The light detector is set up by the fennel, ', the second... @别贝献, in principle, allows the location of the relevant object to be determined (for example or if all the light sources are Knowing the intensity emission and if the reflection of the object ',, known or for all light sources, at least the position of $ can be estimated by a triangulation procedure). In another embodiment, the lighting unit is adapted to identify the maximum source of light for the price signal 139567.doc • 12-200952559, preferably the maximum standardized contribution. This method is related to the aforementioned method, but only requires a special contribution to the identification rather than the various contribution (疋1) decision (however, if the latter is known, the maximum contribution can be simply identified). In this context, "normalization" refers to the intensity of the initial light emission of the individual light sources, that is, the absolute value of a light source contributing to one of the detected signals is normalized by the original emission intensity of the light source because of the emission The weakness/strength is neutralized by this standardization. Therefore, a remote strong light source cannot beat a nearby weak light source. It is known that a light source having this maximum standardized contribution allows the associated object to be positioned "on" the source (e.g., vertically below a light source embedded in the ceiling). Note that this normalization can be omitted if all sources emit test emissions of the same intensity. According to another method, the illumination unit can be adapted to determine the time of flight required for a particular light ray to be emitted from the source through the reflection of the object to a photodetector. Through the speed of the light, the time of flight is the distance over which the light must travel, which has provided one (rough) positional information about the object associated with the light source and the light detector. In another development of the foregoing method, the illumination unit is further adapted to determine the ideal spatial information ' from triangulation of at least one of three different flight times as determined above. Thus, the overall spatial coordinates of the object can be determined, wherein the accuracy increases with the amount of time involved. According to yet another method, the illumination system is adapted to determine a photodetector that receives the highest amount of light that is emitted by (any number of) the sources and reflected by the object. This method is based on the fact that the total amount of light originating from different light sources and reflected by the object generally propagates in the same direction from the object in all directions with the attenuation intensity. 139567.doc 200952559 Strong and good. Therefore, the photodetector close to the object can see the highest level of the light and its position can be used as an estimate of the position of the object. This method: The individual contributions of the points are not necessarily independent of each other. The above two methods for determining spatial information about the object may of course be combined to improve the accuracy and affordability of the positioning. This and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; The same reference numbers in the drawings denote the same or similar components. [Embodiment] Many conventional systems for detecting the presence or activity of a person are based on a passive infrared (PIR) sensor attached to the ceiling, which detects IR radiation from the human body. However, such PIR sensors provide poor resolution, i.e., typically the resolution is equal to the size of the room. Therefore, these sensors are primarily used to detect the presence of a person rather than determining its exact location in a room. The camera allows for a higher resolution estimate of the location of the person in the room, but it has other drawbacks such as cost and privacy issues. In addition, conventional cameras require body lighting to be able to record images with reasonable contrast. To solve the above problems, a method and a lighting unit/system are proposed herein that provide information about the (active) object, such as a person or a vehicle, in an indoor or outdoor environment based on a light having an integral light sensor. (3D) Location reliable resolution information. Other (optional) features of this proposal include: An invisible test for each source transmission rule is transmitted to the environment 139567.doc 200952559, while the monolithic photosensor measures inverse ^*. In this way, a female lighting unit can make an up-to-date estimate of the portion of the total detected light that surrounds it, which is attributable to a particular light source. The change indicates that the test is sent, for example, one person. - One of the strengths of the received test transmissions. An object is present near the lighting unit that is being tested, and a response can be made in the environment. With a large number of light sources and sensing
❹ -藉由測量及結合所有通道 之該等物件之一高分辨率「圖」 器’便可達成3D成像。 -較佳地每一個光源輸出垂直的測試發射，其容許 獨立測量。各種多址技術可被運用於此，例如分碼多重 存取（CDMA)、分時多重存取（TDMA)，或分頻多重存取 (FDMA)。 -該等不同的照明單元彼此之間可通信該等觀測到 的（變化）通道值以達到一更高的分辨率觀測。 -利用該等實際光源之可見光可實行該等照明單元 之間的前述通信。 -光源之自動控制。 圖1以一示意性的透視圖繪示一房間1，其包括—根據以 上一般概念的照明系統100。該照明系統100包括複數個照 明單元10、10,，其等以一規則陣列分佈於該房間1之天花 板2上。δ亥等照明单元之每一個包括一光源及一相關的光 偵測器（光感測器）。該等照明單元之該等光源重複發射測 試發射至該房間1中以偵測在該房間中的相關物件之存 在’例如在地板3上活動的人4之存在。 139567.doc -15· 200952559 圖2以一平面圖更詳細地顯示該照明系統100之某些日3明 單元10°每—個照明單⑽包括複數個組件，即：—’、、、 _ 一光源11，例如一 led ; _光偵測器12，例如一光二極體； -控制早兀13，例如一微控制器或一專用積體電 路（1C)，其具有一記憶體14(例如RAM” _視情況而定，一警報單元15,例如一擴音器或— 用於傳輸無線通信信號之天線。 回到圖1 ’現將更詳細地描述該照明系統100之操作。已 提及，該等照明單元10、10’（或者，更精確地其光源）之 每-個重複發射測試發射至該房間丨巾。舉例而言，具有 參考數字10的該照明單元之該等測試發射將覆蓋該地板3 之一相關的「操作區域3a」。在該操作區域3a中之環境及 物件4將反射該等測試發射，且該反射光之一部分將回到 該照明單兀10，而光是由此發射。該照明單元1〇之光偵測 器12可接著偵測該等反射（連同其他，例如環境光）並將對 應的偵測信號傳送至該相關的控制單元13。因此該控制單 兀13將可偵測一物件4，舉例而言，因著與該物件之一移 動相關的偵測信號之變化，並因此可控制該照明單元1〇之 該光源11。如果人4在該相關的操作區域3 a中，則此控制 可特別地包含提高該光源之平均強度；相似地，如果未偵 測到人4 ’則其可包含該光源之調暗。 圖1亦}曰出藉由該照明單元1 0之測試發射亦可（例如經由 該物件4之反射）到達另一照明單元1〇,。為了允許該等照明 139567.doc -16 - 200952559 單元1〇:10·區分來自不同光源/照明單元之間的反射，每 一照明^之㈣發射最好承載—财的指紋，其可允許 區分S亥專測試發射與 、 興所有其它可在該等光偵測器之-者中 重疊的測試發射。 0 1 ^ r 該等照明單元10 痛r . 之工間/刀佈’連同其等光源及光 》、态 J屬性將定義該照明系統100之分辨率與覆蓋 9 Φ 區域。由於每一個照明單元可獨立及相對於另一者垂直地 操作，一安全的選擇 為在母一個個別照明單元10覆蓋之該 操作區域3a中部分重疊。 復蓋 此亦為非㊉便捷的，鑒於昭明目 的，該等照明單元盔给备h、，β ' 何必須被置以間隔一相似距離。 進-步請注意，有可能使一照明單元「聽從」僅來自該 相同照明單元之光源的測試發射或來自所有照明單元之所 有測試發射。在前-種情況中，每一個照明單元將簡單地 拋棄正乂於其自身測試發射之信號的部分，反之在後一種 清況中每冑照明單元將债測所有測試發射。如圖1中 所例示，來自照明單开1 η + 、 〇之。Ρ分信號可洩漏至一鄰近的照 明單元10*中。在此+ 杳形 月屯下’此鄰近的照明單元1 〇,具有估 5十或拋棄該接收到的信號之選擇權。 藉由聚木所有照明單π中獲得之資訊，有可能得出關於 在該受監控環境中的物件(之活動/位置)之結論。此可以一 集中方案完成’於此所有照明單元10、10，將其等的發現傳 送至i控制器(未顯不），例如利用一有線或無線鏈路。 或者’然而其亦可以一對等式方法完成，於此每一個照明 單元與其鄰近的照明單元共用其觀測。馨於此，可再次使 139567.doc -17. 200952559 用-RF無線鏈接。由於該等光源之光無論如何被調變，然 而最佳的是將該資訊嵌入該照明單元之可見光中。接著該 等接收照明單元可將此資訊與其自身的觀測相結合及將其 進一步傳播或僅進一步接替該原始訊息。 自照明 觀測到的檢測發射 信號強度 變化？ —--- 由照明單元 第…號觀測 10a --------- 35 1 10 10b 10 1 10 10c ------- 12 0 ------ 10 10， 65 ----~~— 10 10 100 0 10 10' 92 0 10' ~~ 10 63 1 10， -----— 1 更簡單的系統可被實施為僅可局部地觀測該通道中的變 化或簡單地觀測該接收總信號之變化（此品質指數可為該 反射能量之變化p如此一來，每一個照明單元可得出一 以下表格給出可用於具有鄰近照明單元1〇，、1〇&、i补、 l〇c之照明單元Π)中（及視情況由其發送）的資訊之—實例。 該表格含有該照明單元1()在先前的時間空檔中觀測到的測 試發射、連同該等測試發射被觀測到時的強度，及與先前 的觀測時期比較在該強度中是否觀測到一變化。此外，L 照明單元10接替其從另一照明單元1〇，中接收到的資訊。以 關於在該照明m鄰近環^中的活㈣件之存在之結 論。決定與觀測之合併不發生於此一簡單系統中。 以上程序可應用於該照明系統1〇〇中以開啟或改變該等 139567.doc -18- 200952559 照明單元之光源之調暗位準，歸因於活動物件該等照明單 元可觀測到其等通道之—變化。當該等照明單元共用該等 觀測時，結束於其他照明單元之反射之變化亦可被考慮。 此將導致該等照明單元之一更準確的切[ “ 如上所述，為了該系統之一較佳操作，$同的照明單元 有必要運用不同的且垂直的測試發射。借馨通信理論，有 可能利用分時/分頻/分碼多重存取技術。請注意，即使是3 - 3D imaging is achieved by measuring and combining a high resolution "map" of one of the objects in all channels. - Preferably each source outputs a vertical test transmission which allows for independent measurements. Various multiple access techniques can be used, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), or frequency division multiple access (FDMA). - The different lighting units can communicate with each other to observe the observed (changed) channel values to achieve a higher resolution observation. - utilizing the visible light of the actual light sources to effect the aforementioned communication between the lighting units. - Automatic control of the light source. Figure 1 shows, in a schematic perspective view, a room 1 comprising - a lighting system 100 according to the general concept above. The illumination system 100 includes a plurality of illumination units 10, 10 that are distributed in a regular array on the ceiling 2 of the room 1. Each of the illumination units, such as δHai, includes a light source and an associated photodetector (photosensor). The light sources of the lighting units repeatedly emit test shots into the room 1 to detect the presence of related objects in the room, such as the presence of a person 4 active on the floor 3. 139567.doc -15· 200952559 Figure 2 shows in more detail a certain day of the illumination system 100. The 10° per illumination sheet (10) comprises a plurality of components, namely: - ', ,, _ a light source 11, for example, a led; _ photodetector 12, such as a photodiode; - control early 13, such as a microcontroller or a dedicated integrated circuit (1C) having a memory 14 (such as RAM) _ Depending on the situation, an alarm unit 15, such as a loudspeaker or an antenna for transmitting wireless communication signals. Returning to Figure 1 'The operation of the illumination system 100 will now be described in more detail. As already mentioned, Each of the repeated emission tests of the illumination unit 10, 10' (or, more precisely, its source) is transmitted to the room wipe. For example, the test transmissions of the illumination unit having reference numeral 10 will cover the The "operation area 3a" associated with one of the floors 3. The environment and objects 4 in the operation area 3a will reflect the test emissions, and a portion of the reflected light will return to the illumination unit 10, and the light is thereby Transmitting. The light detector 12 of the lighting unit can be subsequently Detecting such reflections (along with other, such as ambient light) and transmitting corresponding detection signals to the associated control unit 13. Thus the control unit 13 will be able to detect an object 4, for example, due to One of the objects moves a change in the associated detection signal and thus controls the light source 11 of the illumination unit 1. If the person 4 is in the associated operating region 3a, the control may specifically include increasing the source The average intensity; similarly, if no person 4' is detected, it may include dimming of the light source. Figure 1 also] the test transmission by the illumination unit 10 may also be (e.g., via the object 4) Reflex) arrives at the other lighting unit 1〇. In order to allow the illumination 139567.doc -16 - 200952559 unit 1〇:10· distinguish between reflections from different light sources/lighting units, each lighting (4) is best emitted A bearer-bearing fingerprint that allows for distinguishing between the test launch and the other test launches that can overlap in the photodetectors. 0 1 ^ r The lighting units 10 are painful. Workshop/knife 'with its light source and light' The state J attribute will define the resolution and coverage of the illumination system 100. Since each illumination unit can operate independently and vertically with respect to the other, a safe choice is to cover an individual illumination unit 10 at the parent. The operation area 3a is partially overlapped. It is also not convenient to cover this. For the purpose of illustration, the illumination unit helmets should be provided with h, and β ' must be set to a similar distance. It is possible for a lighting unit to "hear" test emissions from only the light source of the same lighting unit or all test transmissions from all lighting units. In the former case, each lighting unit will simply abandon itself The portion of the transmitted signal is tested, whereas in the latter case, each of the lighting units will test all test emissions. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the illumination is single open 1 η + , 〇. The split signal can leak into an adjacent lighting unit 10*. Here, the adjacent lighting unit 1 ’ has the option of estimating or discarding the received signal. By obtaining information from all of the lighting sheets π, it is possible to draw conclusions about the objects (activity/location) in the monitored environment. This can be done in a centralized manner' of all of the lighting units 10, 10, transmitting their findings to the i controller (not shown), e.g., using a wired or wireless link. Alternatively, however, it can also be done in a one-to-one equation where each illumination unit shares its observations with its adjacent illumination unit. In this case, you can make 139567.doc -17. 200952559 use the -RF wireless link again. Since the light of the light sources is modulated anyway, it is best to embed the information in the visible light of the illumination unit. The receiving lighting unit can then combine this information with its own observations and further propagate it or only take over the original message. Self-illumination Observed detection of transmitted signal strength changes? —--- Observed by the lighting unit No.... 10a --------- 35 1 10 10b 10 1 10 10c ------- 12 0 ------ 10 10, 65 -- --~~— 10 10 100 0 10 10' 92 0 10' ~~ 10 63 1 10, ------1 A simpler system can be implemented to only partially observe changes or simple changes in the channel Observing the change of the total received signal (this quality index can be the change of the reflected energy p), each lighting unit can obtain a table below which can be used to have adjacent lighting units 1〇, 1〇& - an example of information in (i), l〇c lighting unit Π) (and sent by the case). The table contains the test emissions observed by the lighting unit 1() in the previous time slot, along with the intensity at which the test shots were observed, and whether a change was observed in the intensity compared to the previous observation period. . In addition, the L lighting unit 10 takes over the information it receives from the other lighting unit. With regard to the existence of a living (four) piece in the vicinity of the ring m of the illumination m. The decision to merge with the observation does not occur in this simple system. The above procedure can be applied to the illumination system to enable or change the dimming level of the light source of the 139567.doc -18-200952559 illumination unit, which can be observed by the illumination unit due to the moving object. - change. When the illumination units share the observations, changes in the reflections that end in the other illumination units can also be considered. This will result in a more accurate cut of one of the lighting units [" As mentioned above, for the better operation of one of the systems, it is necessary for the same lighting unit to use different and vertical test launches. It is possible to use time division/divider/code division multiple access technology. Please note that even
麵I Φ 在無法保證多個信號之間存在不完美的垂直性的情況下， 該系統仍可合適地操作。在該情況下，信號處理應對此進 行補償^ 在此上下文中’圖3繪示在_基本時間單元Τ期間的不同 的二元控制信號（「^卜其等可與該光㈣之一脈 衝寬度調變（PWM)控制結合運用以編碼資料（例如，_ :先源之-獨立數字及/或應在該等照明單元之間交換的 貧訊）。為保證該所需照明，吾人可 _修改脈衝之持續時間（亦即，該信號之占空係數） -修改脈衝之振幅A。 五在此架構中’「〇」與將具有不同的寬度。然而， :人可猎由運用平衡編碼補償此（亦即，具有相同位元數0 與1)。因此，該脈衝寬度（平均高於一碼字）將正是「〇」與 1」寬度之間的平均值。 圖4繪示在雙相（BP)調變之一普遍化的情況下用於—茂 本時間單元T之該等不同的控制信號（「〇」、「^ )，以容 許-任意的占空係數。當該占空係數等於5〇%時，此「占 139567.doc 200952559 空係數雙相」（DC-ΒΡ)法退化至BP調變。在此情況下，每 一個LED被分配之該獨特碼因此係藉由傳輸「〇」與「1」 而被承载於該信號中（如圖3所示）。 為保證該所需之照明，吾人可 -修改脈衝之持續時間（亦即，該信號之占空係數） -修改脈衝之振幅A。 應注意的是，在一大環境中，一廉價的存在偵測器5 〇可 被用於喚醒所有的照明單元10及將其等設定為一監控狀態 (在一低位準照明並傳輸測試發射）’反之所揭示的照明系 統100可允許更高分辨率之偵測及經微調的照明。 由於本照明系統之分辨率大大高於習知的存在偵測系統 之分辨率’因此其他的應用方案亦變為可行，例如： 在環境中的人的存在之偵測··該系統可偵測及追 縱進入一房間的人是否已經離開該房間。舉例而言此 適用於結束營業前的博物館或商店。此資訊亦可被用於 當人幾乎不移動時（例如，在其PC之後）不關閉該燈，其 目前通常發生於PIR系統中。 _該系統亦可被用作為監視系統及住宅保護（例如， 盜賊偵測）。該使用者可開啟或關閉該警報系統。如果 該警報系統被開啟，則沒有人應進入該等房間等，且然 而當其發生時將發出一警報。 '該系統可用於大型建築物中的自動導航，其中所 遵循之線路可由經啟動的光所指示。 _該系統可被概括為利用安裝於該房間中之照明單 139567.doc 200952559 70的一房間之一分散式的3D成像系統。 本土月之應用為智能/能量有效照明系統之區域，其等 可取決於該被境之佔用或更普遍地3D室内或室外成像系統 而調適該照明。此等系統特別有利於辦公大樓，其中光源 • 之自動控制為所需的以便避免光源之誤用（在無人使用 . 日夺’照明單元仍處於一狀態），且因此縮減電成本。 部上所述，本發明揭示一方法及系統，其可提供關於 •(活動）物件，例如在室内或室外環境中的人之位置之高分 辨率資訊。當麵合於-照明系統時，該前述系統容許該等 光源之一非常精確的控制，該等光源與佔用該環境之人有 關，例如僅開啟人附近環^竟中的《源。㈣耗的電能的觀 點而言，此帶來一明確的優點。 本發明揭示一收發器裝置陣列之應用其可獨立地監控 該環境及做出關於人之存在/活動之獨立決定。在該較佳 實施财，該發射器為一可見光源，且該接收器為一建立 ❹ 於該照明單元/照明器中之光感測器。每一個發射器將規 則的測試發射發送至該環境中，同時耦合於該發射器之接 收器測量該等反射信號。為此目的，該照明單元利用「編 ，碼光」將不可見識別字傳輸入該光。如此方式，每一個收 • 纟器可對其附近的通道料新估m著該㈣器可區分 其自身照明單元之通道之相關變化，因此，決定該照明單 兀之照明狀態。當照明單元亦觀測到其他照明單元引發的 該通道之變化並共用該通道之變化時，可構成一更精確的 系統。 139567.doc -21 - 200952559 最終應指出，在太φ每安+ η 本申清案中，用語「包括」並不排除其 :的元件或步驟，「一」或「一個不排除複數，且一 早處理盗或其他單元可實現複數個構件之功能。本發明 具備每個新穎的特徵特徵及每個特徵特徵之結合。此外， 申請專利範圍中的參考符號不應被解釋為限制其範圍。此 段文字以號字體並加寬字社7pt，行距最小行㈣ 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為-房間之-示意性的透視圖，其包括根據本發明 之一照明系統； 圖2為圖1之該房間之天花板之一圖； 圖3繪示該等光發射之一開關鍵控調變； 圖4繪示該等光發射之一占空係數雙相調變。 【主要組件符號說明】 1 房間 2 天花板 3 地板 3a 操作區域 4 人/物件 10 照明單元 10, 照明單元 10a 照明單元 10b 照明單元 10c 照明單元 11 光源 139567.doc 200952559 12 光偵測器 13 控制單元 14 記憶體 15 警報單元 50 存在偵測器/佔用偵測器 100 照明系統 A 振幅 Τ 基本時間單元 φ 139567.doc -23-Face I Φ The system can still operate properly without guaranteeing imperfect verticality between multiple signals. In this case, the signal processing should compensate for this ^ In this context, 'Figure 3 shows the different binary control signals during the _ basic time unit ( ("^^, etc., can be pulsed with one of the light (four) Modulation (PWM) control is used in conjunction with coded data (eg, _: source-independent numbers and/or poor information that should be exchanged between the lighting units). To ensure the required illumination, we can _ modify The duration of the pulse (ie, the duty cycle of the signal) - modify the amplitude of the pulse A. 5. In this architecture, '"〇" will have a different width. However, the human can be compensated by using balanced coding. (ie, having the same number of bits 0 and 1). Therefore, the pulse width (average is higher than one codeword) will be the average between the "〇" and 1" widths. Figure 4 shows the two-phase In the case where one of the (BP) modulations is generalized, the different control signals ("〇", "^) for the time unit T are used to allow - arbitrary duty factor. When the duty factor When it is equal to 5〇%, this "occupies 139567.doc 200952559 null coefficient double phase" (DC-ΒΡ) Degraded to BP modulation. In this case, the unique code assigned to each LED is thus carried in the signal by transmitting "〇" and "1" (as shown in Figure 3). The required illumination, we can - modify the duration of the pulse (that is, the duty cycle of the signal) - modify the amplitude of the pulse A. It should be noted that in a large environment, a cheap presence detector 5 〇 can be used to wake up all lighting units 10 and set them to a monitored state (a low level illumination and transmit test transmissions). Conversely, the disclosed illumination system 100 allows for higher resolution detection and Fine-tuning illumination. Since the resolution of this lighting system is much higher than the resolution of the conventional presence detection system', other application solutions have become feasible, for example: detection of human presence in the environment. The system can detect and track whether a person entering a room has left the room. For example, this applies to a museum or store before the end of business. This information can also be used when the person is barely moving (for example, in it) After PC) Turning off the light, which currently occurs in the PIR system. _ The system can also be used as a surveillance system and residential protection (eg, thief detection). The user can turn the alarm system on or off. If the alarm system is When turned on, no one should enter such rooms, etc., and however an alarm will be issued when it occurs. 'The system can be used for automatic navigation in large buildings where the line followed can be indicated by the activated light. The system can be summarized as a decentralized 3D imaging system using one of the rooms of the lighting sheet 139567.doc 200952559 70 installed in the room. The application of the local month is the area of the intelligent/energy efficient lighting system, which may depend on The illumination is adapted to the occupied or more generally 3D indoor or outdoor imaging system. These systems are particularly advantageous for office buildings where automatic control of the light source is required to avoid misuse of the light source (in the absence of use. The lighting unit is still in one state) and thus reduce the cost of electricity. As described above, the present invention discloses a method and system that provides high resolution information about the location of a (active) object, such as a person in an indoor or outdoor environment. The foregoing system allows for very precise control of one of the light sources when it is integrated with a lighting system that is associated with the person occupying the environment, such as only turning on the source in the vicinity of the person. (4) In terms of the power consumption, this brings a clear advantage. The present invention discloses the use of an array of transceiver devices that independently monitors the environment and makes independent decisions regarding the presence/activity of a person. In the preferred implementation, the transmitter is a visible light source, and the receiver is a light sensor built into the lighting unit/illuminator. Each transmitter transmits a test transmission of the rule to the environment, and a receiver coupled to the transmitter measures the reflected signals. For this purpose, the illumination unit uses "code, code light" to transmit the invisible identification word into the light. In this way, each of the receivers can estimate the channel material in the vicinity thereof. The (4) device can distinguish the relevant changes of the channel of its own lighting unit, and therefore, determine the illumination state of the lighting unit. A more accurate system can be constructed when the lighting unit also observes changes in the channel induced by other lighting units and shares changes in the channel. 139567.doc -21 - 200952559 Finally, it should be pointed out that in the case of too φ per amp + η, the word "include" does not exclude the elements or steps: "one" or "one does not exclude the plural, and one morning The invention has the function of a plurality of components. The present invention has each of the novel features and a combination of features. In addition, the reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope. Text in number font and wide word community 7pt, line spacing minimum line (four) [Simple diagram of the drawing] Figure 1 is a - room - schematic perspective view, including an illumination system according to the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 Figure 3 shows one of the ceilings of the room; Figure 3 shows one of the light emission control functions; Figure 4 shows the two-phase modulation of one of the light emission duty codes. [Main component symbol description] 1 room 2 Ceiling 3 Floor 3a Operating area 4 Person/object 10 Lighting unit 10, Lighting unit 10a Lighting unit 10b Lighting unit 10c Lighting unit 11 Light source 139567.doc 200952559 12 Light detector 13 Control unit 14 Presence detector 50/15 occupancy detector alarm unit 100 is an illumination system A basic time unit amplitude Τ φ 139567.doc -23-