200948978 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種電磁鋼片之製造方法，特別是指 一種具有高粗糙度的電磁鋼片之製造方法。 【先前技術】 目前’馬達鐵s靜子（或稱定子）的製作，是將多數 個具有電磁性的電磁鋼片經過沖壓成型、並在疊片後，利 用谭接的方式將其—接合而製得。200948978 IX. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet having high roughness. [Prior Art] At present, the manufacture of 'motor iron s stators (or stators) is to press a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets with electromagnetic properties and to bond them by lamination after lamination. Got it.
這樣的製造過程中，有效提高生產效率的方 焊組電磁鋼片的焊接速率、然而，目前習用電磁鋼片的表 錄縫度過低，通常是在…m以下時，若焊接速率超過 每刀鐘6G A刀，則會因為焊料無法即時地停留在電磁鋼片 表面並緊密結合’而讓周圍的空氣進人焊料内造成焊接處 出現氣孔，導致該等電磁鋼片焊接處的機械性質降低，進 而影響整個馬達的品質。 所以，如何從源頭改善電磁鋼片的製作方式生產出 -有π粗糙度的電磁鋼片，進而兼顧提高馬達鐵芯靜子的 品質與生產效率，是業者努力的目標。 、:閱圖卜習知電磁鋼片的製造方法是包含一備料步驟 U、—熱乳步驟12、一冷軋步驟13、一高溫退火步驟14， 及一絕緣塗覆步驟15。 該備料步驟u是準備―鋼碗，該鋼碗的組成包括1〜 /〇的矽、其他元素及平衡量鐵。 ’、、、軋步騾12是加熱該鋼碇，並在一高溫範圍下沿著 5 200948978 s. Λ長度方向進行親軋，儘可能的降低該鋼碗的厚度， 付到一具有平整表面的鋼板。 β亥冷乾步驟13是將該鋼板沿著該鋼板長度方向進行輥 乾’得到一表面粗链度不大於0.5em的鋼片。 該间溫退火步驟14是在不小於780t：的溫度下退火該 鋼片，消除在經過該冷乳步驟13所形成於該鋼月 微晶粒組 織中的應力集中、晶格缺陷和晶格變形的問題，進而使該 冑片内的微晶粒組織中的晶粒均勾的再結晶成長。 藝 該絕緣塗覆步驟15是在該㈣的表面上塗覆一絕緣層 ，經過烘烤後成型，得到該電磁鋼片。 由上述方法所得的習知電磁鋼片雖然具有粗糙的表面 ，但其表面粗糙度卻無法超過〇 5"m，追究其原因在於： 一般的電磁鋼片為了提高導磁率和降低渦電流損失值，所 以在備料步驟11 +，鋼破的組成必須含有1〜3wt%的石夕’ 但是在該熱軋步驟12 ’又會因為碎的添加量越多，而越容 讓 i使得該财在壓軋過程，在微晶粒組織中有粗大的伸長 晶粒形成，進而降低了壓軋後該鋼捲的延展性，導致在接 下來的冷軋步冑13巾，無法對該鋼捲再進行有效地壓軋， 使得該鋼片的表面粗糙度無法提高到〇 5/zm以上。 因此，目前習知電磁鋼片的製造方法必須改善，才能 製作出表面粗糙度高於〇.5"m以上的電磁鋼片，進而在維 持高馬達鐵芯靜子的生產品質的前提下，大幅提昇馬達鐵 芯靜子的生產效率。 【發明内容】 6 200948978 因此’本發明之目的’即在提供一種能夠提升該電磁 鋼片表面粗糙度達l.〇#m以上的製造方法，使得該電磁鋼 片在焊接速率達每分鐘60〜260公分之間，也能有效地將 焊料保留在該電磁鋼片的焊接處，而無氣孔產生。 於是’本發明具有高粗糙度的電磁鋼片之製造方法是 依序包含一備料步驟、一熱軋步驟、一冷軋步驟、一退火 調質步驟、一高溫退火步驟，及一絕緣塗覆步驟。 該備料步驟是準備一含碎組成的鋼破。 該熱軋步驟是輥軋該鋼磓得到一平滑表面的鋼板。 該冷軋步驟是以研磨輥壓軋該熱壓步驟的鋼板得到一 表面粗化的薄鋼板。 該退火調質步驟是以不小於65(TC退火處理該薄鋼板， 接著以喷砂輥壓軋經退火處理後的該薄鋼板，得到一表面 粗縫度不小於1/zm的調質鋼片。 該高溫退火步驟以不小於780。〇退火處理該調質鋼片， 得到一退火鋼片。 該絕緣塗覆步驟在該退火鋼片表面塗覆一絕緣層，得 到該電磁鋼片。 本發明的功效在於：先以不小於650°C的退火溫度對經 過冷軋後的薄鋼板進行退火處理，消除在該薄鋼板已形成 的應力集中和晶格變形專之問題’進而回復（recover)該薄鋼 板的延展性及微晶粒組織，再來利用噴沙概壓軋經過退火 處理的薄鋼板使其表面粗糙度提升，並得到表面縫度不小 於1.0/zm的調質鋼片’而使經絕緣塗覆步驟得到的該電磁 7 200948978 鋼片在高速焊接速率達每分鐘6〇〜鳩公分時，不會有氣 孔在焊接處形成。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之二個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 清楚的呈現。 在本發明被詳細描述之前，要注意的是，在以下的說 _ 明内容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 參閱圖2,本發明具有高粗糙度的電磁鋼片之製造方法 之第一較佳實施例包含一備料步驟21、一熱軋步驟22、一 冷軋步驟23、一退火調質步驟24、一高溫退火产驟25，及 —絕緣塗覆步驟26。 * 該備料步驟21是準備一鋼碇，該鋼碇的組成包括矽、 1呂、雜質’及平衡量鐵的鋼碇，且該雜質至少具有鈮、鈦 及领’且該鋼碗組成比例中石夕的重量百分比為1〜3wt% 〇 該熱軋步驟22是加熱該鋼碇，並在一高溫範圍下沿著 §亥鋼碇長度方向進行輥軋，儘可能的降低該鋼碇的厚度， 知到一平滑表面的鋼板。 該冷軋步驟23是利用研磨輥對該鋼板沿著其長度方向 進行輥軋’使該鋼板得到一表面粗糙度不大於〇.5//m的薄 鋼板。 該退火調質步驟24是將該薄鋼板在650°C〜700°C的工 作溫度下’並以升降溫速率為每小時1〇0。(：進行退火處理， 8 200948978 在本實施例中更確切的是以700eC進行該退火處理。藉由該 退火處理使受該冷軋步驟23所形成於薄鋼板的微晶粒組織 中的應力集中、晶格缺陷和晶格變形等問題能夠藉由該退 火處理消除，進而回復（recover)該薄鋼板的延展性及微晶粒 組織’接著，利用喷砂輥以1%調質輥軋經退火處理後的薄 鋼板，得到一表面粗糙度為不大於1〇Am的調質鋼片。 該尚溫退火步驟25是將該調質鋼片在780°C〜81CTC的 工作溫度下’並以升降溫速率為每小時1〇〇〜12〇dc進行退 火處理，在本實施例中更確切的是以78〇。匸進行退火處理。 利用退火處理消除受該退火調質步驟24所形成於該調質鋼 片微晶粒組織中的應力集中、晶格缺陷和晶格變形的問題 ’進而使該調質鋼片内的微晶粒組織中的晶粒均勻的再結 晶成長，並得到一退火鋼片。 s亥絕緣塗覆步驟26是在該退火鋼片表面上塗覆一絕緣 層’經過供烤後成型，得到該電磁鋼片。 與前述習知的電磁鋼片之製造方法相互比較，在該冷 軋步驟23後增加一道退火調質步驟24，能夠在一不小於 650°C的工作溫度下，消除在該薄鋼板中已形成的應力集中 和日日格變形的問題，進而回復（rec〇ver)該薄鋼板的延展性及 微晶粒組織，使得在接下來進行輥軋處理時，能利用噴砂 輥以1%調質軋延經退火處理後的薄鋼板，進行表面粗化， 確實能有效地提升表面粗減得到—調質鋼片的表面链度 不小於l.〇e m。 本發明具有高粗糙度的電磁鋼片之製造方法之第二較 200948978 佳實施例，大致上是與該第一較佳實施例相同，相同之處 是在於此兩實施例皆同樣依序進行相同之一熱軋步驟22、 一冷軋步驟23、一退火調質步驟24、一高溫退火步驟25, 及一絕緣塗覆步驟26，而其不相同之處是在於本實施例之 一備料步驟21，即： 該備料步驟21是準備一組成包括矽、鋁、雜質，及平 衡量鐵的鋼碗，且該雜質至少具有鈮、鈦，及硼，該鋼碇 組成比例中矽的重量百分比不大於〇.8wt%，鋁的重量百分 ® 比〇〜0.005wt%，而該雜質的重量百分比小於O.lwt。/。。在 本實施例中鋼破組成是包括0.8wt%的石夕、〇 004wt%的溶解 紹、具有銳、鈦、蝴且小於〇.lwt%的雜質，及平衡量的鐵 。然而，製作電磁鋼片的組成配方眾多，故不在此——說 明’但無論如何，將各組成的成份彼此配合，使得所有組 成成份的總含量百分比為1 〇〇wt%即可。 將依照本發明的該第二較佳實施例所得之具有高粗糙 度的電磁鋼片與習知的電磁鋼片利用相同的焊接參數條件 ® 進行焊接，可得下列在該等電磁鋼片的焊接處之比較結果 焊接參數設定： 電極直徑：2.4mm2%Th-W 焊接電流120A 焊接電壓：9V 挟持壓力：3〜7kgf/cm2 ¥ 接速率：60〜300cm/min 10 t 200948978 保護氣流量：氬氣 6L/min 習知電磁鋼片 本發明電磁鋼片 表面粗糙度 表面粗縫度 (Ra) 0.4 β m (Ra) 1 ·2 // m 焊接速率60cm/min 有氣孔 無氣孔 焊接速率80cm/min 有氣孔 無氣孔 焊接速率180cm/min 有氣孔 無氣孔 焊接速率240cm/min 有氣孔 無氣孔 焊接速率260cm/min 有氣孔 無氣孔 焊接速率280cm/min 有氣孔 有氣孔 與前述習知電磁鋼片的製造方法相互比較，確實使 與前述習知電磁鋼片的製造方法相互比較，確實使電 磁鋼片的表面粗糙;度由習知的0.4/zm提升達到1.2/zm，且 經由上述的比較結果顯示，當焊接速率為每分鐘60至260 公分時，表面粗糙度達1.2 的電磁鋼片並不會在焊接處 產生氣孔。 歸納上述，本發明具有高粗糙度的電磁鋼片之製造方 法是利用該退火調質步驟24,將該薄鋼板在不小於650°C 進行退火處理，藉此消除在該薄鋼板晶粒中形成的應力集 中和晶粒缺陷及晶粒變形的問題，使得經過退火處理的薄 鋼板在經過喷沙輥壓軋後，得到一表面粗糙度不小於1.0 /z m的調質鋼片，如此，進而可得到具有高粗糙度的電磁鋼 片，故確實能達到本發明之目的。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 11 200948978 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一流程圖，說明習知電磁鋼片之製造方法；及 圖2是一流程圖，說明本發明具有高粗糙度的電磁鋼 片之製造方法。In such a manufacturing process, the welding rate of the square welding group electromagnetic steel sheet which effectively improves the production efficiency, however, the recording seam degree of the conventional electromagnetic steel sheet is too low, usually when the temperature is below m, if the welding rate exceeds each knife The 6G A knife of the clock will cause the air in the weld to be caused by the surrounding air entering the solder because the solder cannot stay on the surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet and is tightly combined, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of the welded portion of the electromagnetic steel sheet. This in turn affects the quality of the entire motor. Therefore, how to improve the electromagnetic steel sheet from the source to produce the electromagnetic steel sheet with π roughness, and to improve the quality and production efficiency of the motor core stator is the goal of the industry. The method for manufacturing the electromagnetic steel sheet includes a preparation step U, a hot milk step 12, a cold rolling step 13, a high temperature annealing step 14, and an insulating coating step 15. The preparation step u is a preparation - a steel bowl, the composition of which includes 1 to / 〇 矽, other elements and a balance of iron. ',,, rolling step 12 is to heat the steel crucible, and carry out pro-rolling along the length direction of 5 200948978 s. 在一 in a high temperature range, as much as possible to reduce the thickness of the steel bowl, to a flat surface Steel plate. The β-cold drying step 13 is to dry the steel sheet along the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet to obtain a steel sheet having a surface roughness of not more than 0.5 cm. The inter-temperature annealing step 14 is to anneal the steel sheet at a temperature of not less than 780 t: to eliminate stress concentration, lattice defects and lattice deformation in the micro-grain structure formed in the steel through the cold milk step 13 The problem is that the crystal grains in the micro-grain structure in the ruthenium are recrystallized and grown. The insulating coating step 15 is to apply an insulating layer on the surface of the (4), and after baking, to form the electromagnetic steel sheet. Although the conventional electromagnetic steel sheet obtained by the above method has a rough surface, the surface roughness thereof cannot exceed 〇5"m, and the reason for the investigation is as follows: In order to increase the magnetic permeability and reduce the eddy current loss value, a general electromagnetic steel sheet is used. Therefore, in the preparation step 11 +, the composition of the steel break must contain 1 to 3 wt% of the stone eve 'But in the hot rolling step 12', the more the amount of the crushed addition, the more the volume allows the ki The process has coarse elongated grains formed in the microstructure of the micro-grain, thereby reducing the ductility of the coil after the rolling, resulting in the subsequent cold rolling step, and the steel coil cannot be effectively The rolling is such that the surface roughness of the steel sheet cannot be increased to more than 〇5/zm. Therefore, at present, the manufacturing method of the conventional electromagnetic steel sheet must be improved to produce an electromagnetic steel sheet having a surface roughness higher than 〇.5 "m, and further improved under the premise of maintaining the production quality of the high motor core stator. The production efficiency of the motor core stator. [Summary of the Invention] 6 200948978 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method capable of improving the surface roughness of the electromagnetic steel sheet by more than 1.m #m, so that the electromagnetic steel sheet has a welding rate of 60~ per minute. Between 260 cm, it is also effective to keep the solder in the welded portion of the electromagnetic steel sheet without the occurrence of pores. Thus, the method for manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet having high roughness of the present invention comprises a preparation step, a hot rolling step, a cold rolling step, an annealing and tempering step, a high temperature annealing step, and an insulating coating step. . The preparation step is to prepare a steel containing a broken composition. The hot rolling step is to roll the steel crucible to obtain a smooth surface steel sheet. In the cold rolling step, the steel sheet in the hot pressing step is pressed by a grinding roll to obtain a surface-thinned steel sheet. The annealing and quenching and tempering step is to anneal the steel sheet by not less than 65 (TC annealing, followed by blasting the tempered steel sheet to obtain a quenched and tempered steel sheet having a surface roughness of not less than 1/zm. The high temperature annealing step is performed by annealing the quenched and tempered steel sheet to obtain an annealed steel sheet. The insulating coating step applies an insulating layer on the surface of the annealed steel sheet to obtain the electromagnetic steel sheet. The effect is that the cold-rolled steel sheet is annealed at an annealing temperature of not less than 650 ° C to eliminate the problem of stress concentration and lattice deformation which has been formed in the steel sheet, and then recover The ductility and micro-grain structure of the steel sheet are further improved by the sandblasting of the annealed steel sheet by sandblasting, and the quenched steel sheet having a surface seam of not less than 1.0/zm is obtained. The electromagnetic 7 200948978 steel sheet obtained by the insulating coating step does not have pores formed at the welded portion at a high speed welding rate of 6 〇 to 鸠 cm per minute. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents related to the present invention The features and functions of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the drawings. Before the present invention is described in detail, it is noted that in the following description Similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Referring to Figure 2, a first preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet having high roughness of the present invention comprises a preparation step 21, a hot rolling step 22, and a cold Rolling step 23, an annealing and quenching step 24, a high temperature annealing step 25, and an insulating coating step 26. * The preparing step 21 is to prepare a steel crucible, the composition of which includes niobium, 1 lu, and impurities' And balancing the amount of iron in the steel crucible, and the impurity has at least niobium, titanium and collar' and the weight percentage of the steel bowl is 1-3 wt%. The hot rolling step 22 is to heat the steel crucible and Rolling is performed along the length direction of the 碇Huanggang in the high temperature range, and the thickness of the steel shovel is reduced as much as possible, and a smooth surface steel plate is known. The cold rolling step 23 is to use the grinding roller to extend the steel plate along its length. Rolling 'making the steel plate A steel sheet having a surface roughness of not more than 〇5/m is obtained. The annealing and tempering step 24 is to operate the steel sheet at an operating temperature of 650 ° C to 700 ° C and at a rate of 1 hour per hour. 〇0. (: Annealing treatment, 8 200948978 In the present embodiment, the annealing treatment is more specifically performed at 700 eC. The annealing treatment is performed in the micrograin structure of the steel sheet by the cold rolling step 23. Problems such as stress concentration, lattice defects, and lattice deformation can be eliminated by the annealing treatment, thereby recovering the ductility and microstructure of the steel sheet. Then, using a blasting roller with a 1% tempering roller The annealed steel sheet is rolled to obtain a quenched and tempered steel sheet having a surface roughness of not more than 1 〇Am. The temperature annealing step 25 is to anneal the quenched and tempered steel sheet at an operating temperature of 780 ° C to 81 CTC and at an annealing rate of 1 〇〇 12 12 dc per hour, which is more precise in this embodiment. It’s 78. The crucible is annealed. The annealing process is used to eliminate the problem of stress concentration, lattice defects and lattice deformation formed in the microstructure of the quenched and tempered steel sheet by the annealing and quenching and tempering step 24, and further the microcrystal grains in the quenched and tempered steel sheet The grains in the structure are uniformly recrystallized and annealed steel sheets are obtained. The s insulating coating step 26 is performed by coating an insulating layer on the surface of the annealed steel sheet to form an electromagnetic steel sheet. Compared with the conventional electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing method, an annealing and quenching and tempering step 24 is added after the cold rolling step 23, and can be eliminated in the steel sheet at an operating temperature of not less than 650 ° C. The stress concentration and the problem of deformation of the day and the day, and then recover (rec) the ductility and micro-grain structure of the steel sheet, so that when the subsequent rolling treatment, the blasting roller can be used for 1% quenching and rolling. After the annealing of the thin steel sheet, the surface is roughened, and the surface roughness can be effectively improved. The surface chain of the quenched and tempered steel sheet is not less than 1.〇em. The second embodiment of the method for manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet having a high roughness of the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, and the same is true in the same manner. a hot rolling step 22, a cold rolling step 23, an annealing and tempering step 24, a high temperature annealing step 25, and an insulating coating step 26, which are different in one of the preparation steps 21 of the present embodiment. , that is, the preparation step 21 is to prepare a steel bowl comprising bismuth, aluminum, impurities, and balance iron, and the impurity has at least bismuth, titanium, and boron, and the weight percentage of bismuth in the steel bismuth composition ratio is not more than 8. 8wt%, the weight percentage of aluminum is 〇~0.005wt%, and the weight percentage of the impurity is less than 0.1wt. /. . In the present embodiment, the steel breaking composition is composed of 0.8 wt% of Shi Xi, 004 004 wt% of dissolved, sharp, titanium, and less than 0.1% by weight of impurities, and a balance of iron. However, there are many compositions for making electromagnetic steel sheets, so it is not here - but in any case, the components of the respective compositions are blended with each other so that the total content percentage of all the components is 1 〇〇 wt%. The electromagnetic steel sheet having high roughness obtained according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is welded to a conventional electromagnetic steel sheet by the same welding parameter condition®, and the following welding in the electromagnetic steel sheets can be obtained. Comparison of welding results Setting parameters: Electrode diameter: 2.4mm2% Th-W Welding current 120A Welding voltage: 9V Holding pressure: 3~7kgf/cm2 ¥ Connection rate: 60~300cm/min 10 t 200948978 Protective gas flow: Argon 6L/min Conventional electromagnetic steel sheet Surface roughness of the electromagnetic steel sheet of the present invention (Ra) 0.4 β m (Ra) 1 ·2 // m Welding rate 60cm/min Porous hole-free welding rate 80cm/min Porosity non-porous welding rate 180cm/min Porous hole-free welding rate 240cm/min Porous hole-free welding rate 260cm/min Porous hole-free welding rate 280cm/min Porous pores and the above-mentioned conventional electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing method In comparison, it is true that the manufacturing method of the conventional electromagnetic steel sheet described above is compared with each other, and the surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet is surely roughened; the degree is raised by a conventional 0.4/zm to 1.2/zm, and The results show the comparison, when the welding speed is 60 to 260 centimeters per minute, the surface roughness of the steel sheets 1.2 and no porosity in the weld. In summary, the method for manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet having high roughness of the present invention is to use the annealing and tempering step 24 to anneal the steel sheet at not less than 650 ° C, thereby eliminating formation in the grain of the steel sheet. The stress concentration and the problem of grain defects and grain deformation make the annealed steel sheet obtain a quenched and tempered steel sheet with a surface roughness of not less than 1.0 /zm after being pressed by a sandblasting roller. An electromagnetic steel sheet having a high roughness is obtained, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved. However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent change between the scope of the invention and the description of the invention is Modifications are still within the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a conventional electromagnetic steel sheet; and Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet having high roughness according to the present invention.
12 200948978 【主要元件符號說明】 21 備料步驟 22 熱軋步驟 23 冷軋步驟 24 退火調質步驟 25 高溫退火步驟 26 絕緣塗覆步驟12 200948978 [Key component symbol description] 21 Preparation step 22 Hot rolling step 23 Cold rolling step 24 Annealing and tempering step 25 High temperature annealing step 26 Insulation coating step
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