.200944303 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種廢棄物之資源化處理方法，特別是一種利用物 理及化學特性，將無機有害廢棄物資源化的處理方法。 【先前技術】 目前世界上許多國家的產業近年來從農業或傳統產業進入精密機 械、半導體、光電工業以及電子相關零組件等高科技產業。隨著產業 的變動，事業廢棄物由早期的少樣化、單純而低危害性，快速轉變為 多樣化、複雜且高危害性。例如至2007年底止，台灣地區已有22座 ❿大型垃圾焚化廠操作運轉中，每年並產生約1〇〇餘萬公嘴之焚化灰 渣，其中底渣約86萬公嘲，飛灰約17萬公嘲（經處理後衍生物約29 萬公噸），其後續處理處置已成棘手問題，亦將形成嚴重的地方問題。 以往焚化飛灰是採用直接掩埋，因為重金屬的問題而被環保主管 機關列為有害廢棄物，也因直接掩埋方式已經被禁止。近年來多種處 理技術相對的被心：出，許多業者特別重視這些處理技術對環境的影 響、商業化的成本問題以及是否能達到安定化、無害化及資源化再利 用之目標。以垃圾焚化廠的飛灰或是電弧爐煉鋼業的集塵灰，或是含 ❹重金屬的污泥，目前最普遍的處理方式是透過水泥固化法、加酸萃取 法、藥劑穩定法、高溫熔融法等方式來進行處理。 水泥固化法目地乃是使廢棄物形成固形體不易流動，並改進廢棄 物之處理性質，使魏安定性，降低會發生轉移之污染物表面積，和 減少污染物_在料㈣巾的溶解度M輪職焚化航或是含重 金屬的無機廢棄物處理，是以水泥_化為主，，《其處理成品的優 劣’往往取決於固化處理時水泥與飛灰的配比。然而因為飛灰令含大 量的驗性驗金屬及氯化物，會抑制水泥的水化反應。所以一旦固化體 老化或長時間受到酸雨的淋洗，报容易使固封在内的固化體再次的溶 出而污染土壤及地下水。而且戴奥辛也無法藉由固化來破壞其結構。 5 200944303 再者，在土地面積有限的地球上，固化後的體積增大，反而需要増加 掩埋場的負擔。因此，固化並非最佳的處理方式。 美國RCRA法規以及自灣環保署的法規中規定有害廢棄物不准進 入陸地掩埋場（Landfill) ’除非這些有害廢棄物已經過預先處理，其有 害物之溶出濃度已在法定的容許範圍内，並被證明有害廢棄物不具有 移動性（Migration)。非移動性（Non_migratbn)是有害廢棄物經過 處理後不具造成二次公害的準則，且需要分區掩埋，定時取樣追礙。 加酸萃取法主要是讓垃圾焚化爐飛灰以及含重金屬的廢棄物，經 ，酸液萃取’使重金屬及魏溶出’降低其有害性，無害化之後再進 ©行掩埋或是再湘處理。但是其處理相當複雜、成本高昂，後續的酸 液及廢水的處理以及所產生的污泥，需做進一步的處理。站在資源及 環保的立場，此法並不經濟，亦不符合永續利用的原則。 藥劑穩疋法主要是透過使用藥劑與廢棄物中的重金屬進行化學反 應，形成不容易溶出的螯合物。但藥劑需要配合所含重金屬的特性， 且有些重金屬需要在特定的條件下進行。螯合劑大部份均為專利品， 價格高昂，且穩定化後還缺乏長時間的監測。 高溫熔融法是利用加熱高溫，將廢棄物加熱到熔融的狀態，破壞 其有機物使之分解，將金屬與非金屬進行分離，並可回收金屬。並將 無機物轉換成安定性玻璃狀固化物。此法有減量、減容、去毒、無害 化、安定化的效果。此法為有害無機廢棄物的最佳處理方式。但是設 備投資成本高、操作要求以及耗能高，所以整體處理成本太高，而一 直無法運用於商業運轉。僅國外運用於低放射性核廢料之處理以及特 定物質之處理。 在於再利用的處理方式，由於目前垃圾焚化爐飛灰再利用，重金 屬3量過兩’無法用於水泥的參配使用，且因為飛灰中含有氯離子會 ’無法在混凝土使用。所以國内的垃圾焚化爐飛灰目前均無 法再利用。 6 200944303 次查台灣專利00222259-廢棄物等之固化用水泥組成物、 00397868·不銹鋼集塵灰之固定化方法、004736054廢棄物處理裝 置、200512299 -種自電弧爐集塵灰中充份回收金屬氧化物以減少集 塵灰產出量的方法、200706510鑄造業集塵灰資源化方法等專利所公 開的均為水泥固化方法’以及集塵灰熔爐回爐及回收金屬的方法。美 國專利4911757、5542977、5582573、5683344亦為以化學螯合法 之穩定化及固化法為主，穩定化之後只能適用於掩埋場的覆土使用， 並未見對集塵灰含金屬量較少不符合回收成本，且重金屬含量超過法 規標準的集塵灰及崎焚化爐之歧或是有害重絲之污泥之資源化 © 方法提出經濟可行的方法。 所以目前焚化爐飛灰均採用固化法或是穩定化加上固化法，然後 運^垃圾掩埋場分區掩埋，並未走再利用的方式。集塵灰的部份，只 有場内回爐、或是回收鋅金屬、固化處理及厫内暫存等方式。 任何一種優勢的穩定化技術其所產生的固化體必須具備有六種特 性’包括低溶解性’高密度，低自由水量，低滲透係數，高抗壓強度 和=耐候性.。這些特性必須透過將系統流程、方法以及化學藥劑等作 ，田的》又。十、搭配，使得有害廢棄物中所含的重金屬，如：錯、錢、 Q 硒、鉻、汞、鋇等可轉化形成不溶解性、無害的礦物質，甚而無 $步處理即可直接運用於土木建築材料之資源化產品使用。為了 、、上述問題’本發明提出一種無機有害廢棄物資源化處理方法，透 鹿以熱塑性、熱固性或彈性物質與含重金屬之無機有害廢棄物一起反 :丄使其重金屬能達到穩定化且無害，進一步達到讓無機有害廢棄物 頁源化的目的。 【發明内容】 法，^發明之主要目的係在提供一種無機有害廢棄物資源化處理方 物由使用熱塑性、熱固性或彈性物質與含重金屬之無機有害廢棄 —起反應’讓廢棄物t之重金屬能穩定化，進而讓廢棄物能安全的 7 .200944303 再生利用。 本發明所指的無機有害廢棄物包含垃圾焚化爐飛灰、電弧爐煉鋼 集塵灰、金屬冶煉業集塵灰、無機有害污泥等廢棄物，其處理方法乃 利用物質的特性，與穩定化物質加熱使其產生物理變化以及化學反應 變化’將重金屬穩定，達到低溶解性、高密度、低自由水量、低滲透 係數、高抗壓強度和強耐候性等特性，並可以通過毒性溶出試驗 (TCLP)，確保廢棄物之無害化，直接使用於土木、建材等骨材上，達 到資源化的目的。 本發明所揭露之無機有害廢棄物資源化處理方法主要包含下列步 ❹驟：先將含有重金屬之無機有害廢棄物與熱塑性或熱固性或彈性物質 或任何其中兩種或三種物質不同搭配所組成的穩定化藥劑於混合反應 器中混合，並加熱反應使其成為流動之熔融狀態，加熱方式可以為電 加熱，或是夾層熱媒油加熱、盤管電加熱、盤管熱媒油加熱等任何可 以加熱的設備。加熱使重金屬與穩定化藥劑產生化學反應及物理現象 的均勻混σ。然後，將此穩定化後的高溫混合體，放置於特定模型中， 冷卻後即為資源化產品。 、 本發明的處理方法以及穩定化藥劑係可以將無機有害廢棄物中所 含的重金屬，如：錯、鑛、石申、砸、鉻、汞、鋇等金屬轉化形成不溶 解性、，無害的礦物質。此所形成的礦物質穩定性高，對生態無害、達 熱能平衡、無毒性，經過毒性溶出試驗(TCLp)測試，各種重金屬的溶 出均達到法規要求標準，同時依照土木材料規格要求，均通過經過各 種土木材料職，可以直接使用於土木材料的骨材細 骨材粒料。 甘八八…、 ^下藉由具體實施例配合所附的圖式詳加說明，當更容易瞭解本 發明之目的、技術内容、特點及其所達成之功效。 【實施方式】 本發明之主要揭露一種無機有害廢棄物資源化處理方法，特別是 8 .200944303 ======謝兩種或這· 棄物f化，細嶋===反應使麼 固性或彈性物質或這三種物質，二、 ^4bmmn c nc〇/ 貞狀中陳何兩種物質柯搭配的穩 =樂劑以5〜95%的比例混合在—起。此外在混合比働 ί可狀單—廢棄物，也可以衫種齡的廢棄物，其之間比例 在步驟S〇1，先將含重金屬之無機有害廢棄物與熱ί性: 無機有害 99%的混合比例。其中混合過程能透過混合反應器來執行， 透過能將固體與固體、固體與流體、固體與熔融物諸掉均句 =混口反應器。若要進-步達到更佳的效果，在混合的過程中亦能透 過加熱讓該無财害廢棄物崎含之重金祕穩定化_產生更佳的 化學反應，而加熱方式可以為電加熱，或是夾層熱媒油加熱、盤管電 加熱、盤管熱媒油加熱等任何可以加熱的設備。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for recycling waste materials, and more particularly to a method for recycling inorganic hazardous wastes by utilizing physical and chemical properties. [Prior Art] In recent years, many countries in the world have entered the high-tech industries such as precision machinery, semiconductors, optoelectronics, and electronic related components from agriculture or traditional industries. With the changes in the industry, the business waste is rapidly changed from diversified, simple and low-risk to diversified, complex and highly harmful. For example, by the end of 2007, there were already 22 large-scale waste incineration plants operating in Taiwan, which produced about 1 million gongs of incineration ash per year, of which about 860,000 smashes of bottom slag and about 17 ash. Wangong ridiculed (about 290,000 metric tons of treated derivatives), its subsequent disposal has become a difficult problem, and will also form serious local problems. In the past, incineration fly ash was directly buried, and it was classified as hazardous waste by the environmental protection authorities because of the problem of heavy metals. It has also been banned because of direct burial. In recent years, many processing technologies have been relatively concerned: many companies pay special attention to the environmental impact of these processing technologies, the cost of commercialization, and whether they can achieve the goal of stability, harmlessness, and resource reuse. The fly ash from the waste incineration plant or the dust collection ash from the electric arc furnace steelmaking industry or the sludge containing heavy metals is the most common treatment method through cement solidification, acid extraction, chemical stabilization, high temperature. The method is melted or the like. The cement solidification method is to make the waste form solid body difficult to flow, and improve the treatment properties of the waste, to make Wei'an qualitative, reduce the surface area of the pollutants that will be transferred, and reduce the pollutants _ in the material (four) towel solubility M round The occupation of incineration or the treatment of inorganic waste containing heavy metals is based on cement, and the advantages and disadvantages of the finished products often depend on the ratio of cement to fly ash during curing. However, because fly ash contains a large amount of test metal and chloride, it will inhibit the hydration reaction of cement. Therefore, once the solidified body ages or is subjected to acid rain for a long time, it is reported that the solidified body inside the solidified body is easily dissolved again to contaminate the soil and groundwater. And Dioxin can't destroy its structure by curing. 5 200944303 Furthermore, on the earth with limited land area, the volume after solidification increases, but it is necessary to increase the burden of the landfill. Therefore, curing is not the best way to handle it. US RCRA regulations and regulations from the Bay Environmental Protection Agency stipulate that hazardous waste is not allowed to enter Landfill. 'Unless these hazardous wastes have been pretreated, the concentration of harmful substances is within the legal allowable range, and It is proven that hazardous waste does not have mobility. Non-mobility (Non_migratbn) is a criterion for harmful wastes that do not cause secondary pollution after treatment, and requires partition burial and timed sampling. The acid extraction method mainly uses the waste incinerator fly ash and heavy metal-containing waste, and the acid solution extracts the heavy metal and the Wei to reduce its harmfulness. After harmless, it can be buried or retreated. However, the treatment is quite complicated and costly, and the subsequent treatment of the acid and waste water and the sludge produced require further treatment. Standing on the standpoint of resources and environmental protection, this law is not economical and does not meet the principle of sustainable use. The drug stabilization method mainly uses a chemical reaction between a chemical and a heavy metal in the waste to form a chelate compound which is not easily eluted. However, the agent needs to match the characteristics of the heavy metals contained, and some heavy metals need to be carried out under specific conditions. Most of the chelating agents are patented, expensive, and lack long-term monitoring after stabilization. The high-temperature melting method uses a high temperature to heat the waste to a molten state, destroys the organic matter to decompose it, separates the metal from the non-metal, and recovers the metal. The inorganic substance is converted into a stable glassy cured product. This method has the effects of reduction, volume reduction, detoxification, harmlessness, and stability. This method is the best treatment for harmful inorganic waste. However, because of the high investment cost, high operational requirements, and high energy consumption, the overall processing cost is too high to be used in commercial operations. It is only used abroad for the treatment of low-level nuclear waste and the treatment of specific substances. In the way of reuse, because of the current use of fly ash in fly ash incinerators, heavy metal 3 can't be used for cement, and because the fly ash contains chlorine ions, it can't be used in concrete. Therefore, the fly ash in domestic waste incinerators cannot be reused at present. 6 200944303 Second inspection Taiwan patent 00222259 - Cement composition for curing, 00397868, stainless steel dust ash immobilization method, 004736054 waste treatment device, 200512299 - Fully recovered metal oxide from electric arc furnace dust ash The method for reducing the amount of dust collection ash, and the method for recycling the dust collection ash of the foundry industry in 200706510 are all cement curing methods and methods for recovering and recovering metals from dust ash furnaces. U.S. Patents 4,911,757, 5,542,977, 5,582,573, and 5,683,344 are also mainly stabilized and solidified by chemical chelating methods. After stabilization, they can only be applied to the soil covering of the landfill, and no metal content of the dust ash is found. Recycling of dust and ash incinerators that meet the cost of recycling and where the heavy metal content exceeds regulatory standards or the recycling of sludge from harmful heavy wires © The method proposes an economically viable method. Therefore, at present, the incinerator fly ash is solidified or stabilized and solidified, and then transported to the landfill site for burial, and has not been reused. The dust-collecting part is only used in the field to return to the furnace, or to recover zinc metal, solidification treatment and temporary storage in the furnace. Any one of the advantages of stabilization technology must produce a solidified body with six characteristics 'including low solubility', high density, low free water, low permeability, high compressive strength and = weather resistance. These characteristics must be made through the use of system processes, methods, and chemicals. 10. Matching, making heavy metals contained in hazardous waste, such as: wrong, money, Q selenium, chromium, mercury, antimony, etc., can be transformed into insoluble and harmless minerals, even without $ step treatment. Used in the recycling of civil construction materials. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for recycling inorganic harmful wastes, in which a thermoplastic, thermosetting or elastic substance is reacted with inorganic hazardous wastes containing heavy metals: 丄 makes heavy metals stable and harmless, Further achieve the purpose of page-incorporating inorganic hazardous waste. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main purpose of the invention is to provide an inorganic hazardous waste resource treatment by using thermoplastic, thermosetting or elastic materials and inorganic harmful waste containing heavy metals - reacting to make the heavy metal of waste t Stabilization, and then the waste can be safely recycled. The inorganic hazardous wastes referred to in the present invention include waste incinerator fly ash, electric arc furnace steelmaking dust collection ash, metal smelting industry dust collection ash, inorganic harmful sludge and the like, and the treatment method utilizes the characteristics of the substance and is stable. Chemical heating causes physical changes and chemical reaction changes to stabilize heavy metals to low solubility, high density, low free water, low permeability, high compressive strength and strong weatherability, and can be tested by toxic dissolution. (TCLP), to ensure the harmlessness of waste, and to directly use it on aggregates such as civil engineering and building materials to achieve the goal of recycling. The method for recycling inorganic harmful waste disclosed in the present invention mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, the inorganic hazardous waste containing heavy metals is stabilized by a thermoplastic or thermosetting or elastic substance or any two or three kinds of substances. The chemical is mixed in the mixing reactor and heated to make it flow in a molten state. The heating method may be electric heating, or heating of the interlayer heat medium oil, coil electric heating, coil heat medium oil heating, etc. device of. Heating causes a chemical reaction between the heavy metal and the stabilizing agent and a uniform mixing of the physical phenomena. Then, the stabilized high-temperature mixture is placed in a specific model, and after cooling, it is a resource-based product. The treatment method and the stabilized chemical system of the present invention can convert heavy metals contained in inorganic hazardous waste, such as metals such as: wrong, ore, shale, strontium, chromium, mercury, strontium, etc. into insoluble, harmless Minerals. The minerals formed by this are highly stable, ecologically friendly, equilibrated by heat, and non-toxic. After toxic dissolution test (TCLp) test, the dissolution of various heavy metals meets the regulatory requirements, and according to the specifications of civil materials, they pass through A variety of civil materials, can be directly used in the aggregate of aggregates of civil materials. It is to be understood that the purpose, technical contents, features and effects achieved by the present invention are more readily understood by the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment] The invention mainly discloses a method for recycling inorganic harmful wastes, in particular 8.200944303 ====== Xie two or this waste material, fine 嶋 === reaction makes the solidity Or elastic substances or these three substances, two, ^4bmmn c nc〇 / 贞 中 何 何 何 何 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 两种 搭配 搭配 搭配 搭配 搭配 搭配 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 In addition, in the mixing ratio 働 可 可 — — 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 废弃物 废弃物 废弃物The mixing ratio. The mixing process can be carried out through a mixing reactor through which the solids and solids, solids and fluids, solids and melts can be removed. In order to achieve better results in the step-by-step process, the non-hazardous waste can be stabilized by heating during the mixing process to produce a better chemical reaction, and the heating method can be electric heating. Or any device that can be heated by sandwich heat medium oil heating, coil electric heating, coil heat medium oil heating, etc.
換13之右使用混合反應器來執行混合，所使用混合反應器為需 可以任何形式加熱及熱傳導物質加熱，其加熱溫度範圍可為5(rc~300 C，也因此混合反應器需包含夾套加熱、盤管加熱等任何可以加熱形 式的功能，而所提到之熱傳導物質包含電加熱、蒸汽加熱、熱媒油等 任何可以提供熱源加熱的物質。此外，加熱能透過物理現象的均勻混 合使混合物成為流動之熔融，以便熔融放置於特定模型中冷卻後會形 成固體，而所使用的特定模型可為任何成型的方式與設備。 之後在步驟S02裡，無機有害廢棄物裡的重金屬透過與穩定化藥 劑的化學反應使其達到穩定化。在此’含重金屬之無機有害廢棄物一 般包括垃圾焚化飛灰、垃圾焚化底渣、事業廢棄物焚化爐飛灰、事業 廢棄物焚化爐底渣、煉鋼業電弧爐集塵灰、金屬冶煉業之集塵灰、不 鑛鋼廢料、含汞廢料、含汞污泥、含重金屬含氧化合物之污泥及含重 金屬污染之土壤。重金屬則包含鉛、鎘、砷、硒、鉻、采、鋇、銅、 9 200944303 銀、鈦、鎳、鋅、鈣、鎂、鈹、銻、釩等重金屬。而由熱塑性或熱固 性物質或兩者混合使用所組成的穩定化藥劑可由硫績、硫化物、聚乙 烯、聚苯乙烯、環氧樹脂等物質以獨立或不同的搭配組成，而彈性物 質則可由橡膠及瀝青等物質以獨立或不同的搭配组成。亦可將熱塑 性、熱固性、彈性物質以獨立或不同的搭配組成，或是這三種物質中 的任何兩種或三種搭配組成。 最後在步驟S03裡，穩定化後的廢棄物即可做任何加工處理來再 生利用以達到將無機有害廢棄物資源化的目的。而無機有害廢棄物資 源化後的資源化產品不但可以透過先前所提將之熔融化再放置於特定 ❹模型中冷卻後形成各種固體，亦能透過任何機械或非機械的造粒方 式，以連續式或非連續式的方式使其成為粉狀或粒狀。無論是固體或 是粉體都能安全並有效的當成建材使用，而且本發明的另一優點在於 整個處理流程可為連績式或半連續式、或非連續式的方式來處理。以 下藉由具體實施例當更容易瞭解本發明之目的、技術内容、特點及其 所達成之功效。 ' 本發明之較佳實施例之一為將含有重金屬之垃圾焚化爐飛灰以及 穩定化藥劑以一定的比例置於混合器中，此種混合設備可以為一般的 螺旋攪拌混合器、旋轉混合器、錐形攪拌混合器、單螺桿攪拌混合器、 雙螺桿授拌混合^，捏合機、乳化均勻機、或其他可以使固體、固液 混合均勻的設備。本實施例使用雙腕式捏合機混合，飛灰與穩定化藥 劑之比例為90%~10〇/。，最適當的比例為8〇:2〇<>轉速為1〇~2〇〇RpM， 最佳速麟6GRPM。同時，·混合㈣加倾備進行加熱，加熱溫 f可以為50~30(TC，最適當的溫度為19〇。〇，使無機有害廢棄物與穩 疋化藥劑反應為熔雜讀域。然後，將此反雜龍轉移至模具 組中製模’冷卻’雌’即可得到模製成型的資源化產品。 此資源化產品具有低溶解性，高密度，低自由水量，低滲透係數， 高抗壓強度和強財候性等特性。可依需求做成各種不同形狀，可用廣 200944303 ，使用於土木材料地填料、路基底層填料、瀝青混凝土粗粒料、細粒 料、波特蘭水泥混凝土中的粗粒料、細粒料，取代天然的粒料及細砂。 以達到廢棄物資源化、資源再生、獅再糊、以及節省天然資源， 降低河川砂石開採，降低環境衝擊。 一將此資源化產品進行毒性溶出(TCLP)試驗，其測試結果如表一所 示0 ΟMixing is performed on the right side of the 13th. The mixing reactor is heated in any form and heated by a heat transfer material. The heating temperature range is 5 (rc~300 C), so the mixing reactor needs to contain a jacket. Any function that can be heated, such as heating, coil heating, etc., and the heat transfer material mentioned includes any material that can provide heat source heating, such as electric heating, steam heating, heat medium oil, etc. In addition, heating can be uniformly mixed by physical phenomena. The mixture becomes a melt of the flow so that the melt is placed in a specific mold to form a solid upon cooling, and the specific model used can be any molding means and equipment. Then in step S02, the heavy metals in the inorganic hazardous waste are permeable and stable. The chemical reaction of chemical agents is stabilized. Here, the inorganic hazardous wastes containing heavy metals generally include waste incineration fly ash, waste incineration bottom slag, commercial waste incinerator fly ash, commercial waste incinerator bottom slag, and refining. Steel arc furnace dust collection ash, metal smelting industry dust collection ash, non-mineral steel waste, mercury-containing waste, mercury Sludge, sludge containing heavy metal oxygenates and soil contaminated with heavy metals. Heavy metals include lead, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, chromium, mining, antimony, copper, 9 200944303 silver, titanium, nickel, zinc, calcium, magnesium Heavy metals such as lanthanum, cerium, vanadium, etc. The stabilizing agent consisting of thermoplastic or thermosetting substances or a mixture of the two may be independently or differently selected from the group consisting of sulfur, sulfide, polyethylene, polystyrene, epoxy resin and the like. With the composition, the elastic material can be composed of rubber or asphalt, such as rubber or asphalt. It can also be composed of thermoplastic, thermosetting or elastic materials in separate or different combinations, or any two or three of these three substances. Finally, in step S03, the stabilized waste can be recycled for any purpose to achieve the purpose of recycling inorganic harmful waste. The resourceized products after the recycling of inorganic hazardous waste can not only be used. It can be melted by the previous method and placed in a specific concrete model to form various solids. It can also be made by any mechanical or non-mechanical construction. In a continuous or discontinuous manner, it is made into a powder or a granular form. Whether it is a solid or a powder, it can be safely and effectively used as a building material, and another advantage of the present invention is that the entire treatment process can be The processing is continued in a continuous or semi-continuous manner, or in a discontinuous manner. The purpose, technical content, features and effects achieved by the present invention will be more readily understood by the following detailed description. One example is to place the waste incinerator fly ash containing heavy metals and the stabilizing agent in a mixer in a certain proportion. The mixing device can be a general spiral stirring mixer, a rotary mixer, a cone stirring mixer, Single-screw agitator, twin-screw mixing, kneading machine, emulsification homogenizer, or other equipment that can mix solid and solid liquid. This embodiment uses a double-winch kneader to mix fly ash and stabilized chemicals. The ratio is 90%~10〇/. The most appropriate ratio is 8〇: 2〇<> The speed is 1〇~2〇〇RpM, the best speed Lin 6GRPM. At the same time, mixing (4) and heating for heating, the heating temperature f can be 50~30 (TC, the most suitable temperature is 19 〇. 〇, the inorganic hazardous waste and the stabilizing agent reacted into the fusion reading domain. Then The meta-product can be obtained by transferring the anti-hybrid to the mold group 'cooling 'female'. The resourced product has low solubility, high density, low free water volume and low permeability coefficient. High compressive strength and strong financial properties, etc. It can be made into various shapes according to requirements. It can be used in 200944303, used in civil materials, road base layer packing, asphalt concrete coarse grain, fine grain material, Portland cement. Coarse granules and fine granules in concrete replace natural granules and fine sands to achieve waste recycling, resource regeneration, lion re-paste, and saving natural resources, reducing river sand and gravel mining and reducing environmental impact. The resourced product was tested for toxic dissolution (TCLP) and the test results are shown in Table 1.
表一 檢測 項目 原始飛灰 數據 資源化後 檢測數據 法規 要求 檢驗方法 汞(mg/L) 0.0012 0.0005 <0.2 NIEAR314.12C/NIEAR201.13C 鉛(mg/L) 1.97 0.65 <5.0 NIEA R306.13C/NIEA R201.13C 鎘(mg/L) 18.9 ND(<0.〇〇7) <1.0 NIEA R306.13C/NIEA R201.13C 鉻(mg/L) 0.211 0.11 <5.0 NIEA R306.13C/NIEA R201.13C 砷(mg/L) ND ND <5.0 NIEA R318.10C/NIEA R201.13C 六價 iS{mg/L) 0.2 ND(< 0.01) <2.5 NIEAR3310. 15T/NIEA R201.13C 銅(mg/L) NA ND <15.0 NIEAR306.13C/NIEAR201.13C ❹ 本資源化產品經過單軸抗壓強度的測試，其最大抗壓強度可以達 到7000 PSI以上，其測試結果如表二所示： 表二 項目 測試值 樣品 直徑 最大荷重 抗壓強度 徑長比 (L/D) Specimen No. (cm) (cm) (kgf) (kgf/cm2) (H/D) A 4.82 6.97 9877 542 1.45 B 4.80 7.20 7482 414 1.50 C 4.75 7.44 7179 405 1.57 11 200944303 本資源化產品，以台灣公共工程委員會對於公共工程級配料規範 進行碎石級配料試驗，其試驗報告如表三及表四所示： 表三Table 1 Test items Raw fly ash data Recycling test data Regulatory requirements Test method Mercury (mg/L) 0.0012 0.0005 <0.2 NIEAR314.12C/NIEAR201.13C Lead (mg/L) 1.97 0.65 <5.0 NIEA R306.13C /NIEA R201.13C Cadmium (mg/L) 18.9 ND(<0.〇〇7) <1.0 NIEA R306.13C/NIEA R201.13C Chromium (mg/L) 0.211 0.11 <5.0 NIEA R306.13C/ NIEA R201.13C Arsenic (mg/L) ND ND <5.0 NIEA R318.10C/NIEA R201.13C Hexavalent iS{mg/L) 0.2 ND(< 0.01) <2.5 NIEAR3310. 15T/NIEA R201.13C Copper (mg/L) NA ND <15.0 NIEAR306.13C/NIEAR201.13C ❹ This resource-based product has been tested for uniaxial compressive strength and its maximum compressive strength can reach above 7000 PSI. The test results are shown in Table 2. Show: Table 2 Item Test Value Sample Diameter Maximum Load Compressive Strength Diameter Ratio (L/D) Specimen No. (cm) (cm) (kgf) (kgf/cm2) (H/D) A 4.82 6.97 9877 542 1.45 B 4.80 7.20 7482 414 1.50 C 4.75 7.44 7179 405 1.57 11 200944303 This resource-based product is tested by the Taiwan Public Works Committee for the gravel-grade ingredients for public works-level ingredients. The inspection report shown in Table III and Table IV: Table III
試 驗 項 目 試驗值 規 範 (第一類A級） 試 驗方法 篩分析 50咖(2") 100 100 AASBTO T27-99 AASHTO T11-05 (通過百分率） 37.5咖(1 1/2") 95 — 25·。咖 α") 82 1丨丨 19.0 跚(3/4") 68 — 12.5 画(1/2") 58 — 9.5咖(3/8"：) 48 30-65 4.75mnC#4) 38 25-55 2.00咖(#1〇) 25 15-40 600^mC#30) 16 "一 425iimf#4〇·) 14 8-20 150λβ(#100) 6 75^111^200) 4.1 2-8 夯廑 最大乾密度，kg/β3 1809 — MSHTO T180-97 D 法 試驗 最佳含水量，》 6.7 — 3/4"以上置換 CBR 值，5(((95¾ Tdmax) 47.5 一 AASHTO T193-99C2003) #4以上粗粒料烘乾虚比重 2.06 — AASHTO T85-9K2000) #4以上粗粒料吸水率，％ 2.2 — 液性限度.％ —— 荃25 AASHTO T89-02 塑性系 5數，% N.P 客6 AASHTO T90-00 土壤 uses Gff — ASTH D2487-00 分類 AASHT0 A-l-a(O) — AASHTO M145-9K1995) 描 述 灰色碎石級配 12 200944303 表四 試 驗 項 目 試驗值 规 範 (第二類型） 試 驗方法 篩分析 50 咖(2*) 100 100 AASHTO T27-99 (通過百分率$ 37.5鯽(1 1/2") 95 90-100 AASHTO ΤΙ1-05 25. OmmCr) 82 — 19.0mm(3/4H) 68 12.5inra(l/2") 58 — 9.5mm(3/8") 48 一 4· 75咖(#4) 38 30-60 2.00mm(#10) 25 —. 600jtim(#30) 16 一 425“m(#40) 14 — 150wra(#100) 6 一 75wm(#200) 4.1 0-12 夯壓 最大乾密度，kg/n3 1809 — AASHTO Τ180-97 D 法 試驗 最佳含水量，x 6.7 3/4"以上置換 CBR 值，7*dmax> 47.5 ^20 AASHTO T193-99(2003) #4以上粗粒料烘乾虚比重 2.06 — AASHTO Τ85-9Κ2000) #4以上粗粒料吸水率，％ 2.2 一 液性限度，％ --- 客25 AASHTO T89-02 塑性才 s數，% N.P ^6 AASHTO T90 00 土壤 uses GW — ASTM D2487-00 分類 AASHTO A-l-a(O) ' AASHTO 1(145-91(1995) 描 述 灰色碎石級 配 在上述的報告中，可以看出以本技術處理垃圾焚化爐有害飛灰的 優越性。以垃圾焚化爐含重金屬的飛灰，經過本技術的處理，並做成 試體’進行毒性溶出試驗(TCLP)，所測得知結果證明均符合環保規範， 且經過土木材料的規範測試’其單轴抗壓強度達到7,000 PSI以上。 且以公共工程委員會對於土木材料的規範進行第一類A型及第二類型 的規範進行測試，所得到的結果不僅符合要求，且優於規格甚多。故 本資源化產品，可以用於土木的粒料、級配以及道路底層粒料用。取 代天然的級配砂石’以利環境的資源永續利用。 本發明的資源化處理方法所需穩定化藥劑（種類及劑量）的選擇 13 200944303 乃由許多變數的考量而決定，包括··項目地點、處理廢棄物的種類、 溫度、濕度、渗透水率、顆粒大小分布、處理過物質再使用方法以及 所需保持的pH值範圍和達到的溶出測驗標準要求··等等，需具備實 驗設計（Experimental Design)能力會經濟有效地篩選出較經濟且敏 感的操作變數。由於固化處理後之固化體必須具備低溶解性，高密度， 低自由水量，低滲透係數、高抗壓強度和強耐候性等特性。這些特性 透過本技術均可以達成。 本發明之數個實施例中’焚化飛灰中重金屬之溶出特性乃被穩定 化藥劑轉化形成不溶解、無毒性及化學穩定的固化體之資源化產品。 ❿並且’本發明所能處理之無機有害廢棄物係包含有垃圾焚化飛灰、電 弧爐煉鋼集塵灰（EAF dust)、金屬冶煉集塵灰、不鏽鋼廢料、含采廢 料及污泥、重金屬污染之土壤。處理後的資源化產品則可供做道路級 配、一般土建材料、人工漁礁、防波堤、消波塊、景觀圍籬、登山步 道·.·等等用途。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，並非用來限定本 發明實施之範圍。故即凡依本發明申請範圍所述之形狀、構造、特徵 及精神所為之均等變化或修飾，均應包括於本發明之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 ° ® 第1圖為本發明之流程示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】Test item Test value specification (Class I, Class A) Test method Screen analysis 50 coffee (2") 100 100 AASBTO T27-99 AASHTO T11-05 (pass percentage) 37.5 coffee (1 1/2") 95-25.咖α") 82 1丨丨19.0 跚(3/4") 68 — 12.5 Painting (1/2") 58 — 9.5 Coffee (3/8":) 48 30-65 4.75mnC#4) 38 25-55 2.00咖(#1〇) 25 15-40 600^mC#30) 16 "a 425iimf#4〇·) 14 8-20 150λβ(#100) 6 75^111^200) 4.1 2-8 夯廑Maximum Dry density, kg/β3 1809 — MSHTO T180-97 D test for optimum water content, 6.7 — 3/4" above replacement CBR value, 5 ((( 953⁄4 Tdmax) 47.5 A AASHTO T193-99C2003) #4以上粗Pellet drying virtual weight 2.06 — AASHTO T85-9K2000) #4 above coarse particle water absorption,% 2.2 — liquid limit.% —— 荃25 AASHTO T89-02 plastic system 5,% NP passenger 6 AASHTO T90- 00 Soil uses Gff — ASTH D2487-00 Classification AASHT0 Ala(O) — AASHTO M145-9K1995) Description Grey gravel grading 12 200944303 Table 4 Test item test value specification (second type) Test method sieve analysis 50 coffee (2* 100 100 AASHTO T27-99 (% of pass: $37.5鲫 (1 1/2") 95 90-100 AASHTO ΤΙ1-05 25. OmmCr) 82 — 19.0mm(3/4H) 68 12.5inra(l/2&qu Ot;) 58 — 9.5mm(3/8") 48 One 4·75 Coffee (#4) 38 30-60 2.00mm(#10) 25 —. 600jtim(#30) 16 One 425”m(#40) 14 — 150wra(#100) 6 a 75wm(#200) 4.1 0-12 Maximum dry density of rolling, kg/n3 1809 — AASHTO Τ180-97 D method for optimum water content, x 6.7 3/4" Value, 7*dmax> 47.5 ^20 AASHTO T193-99 (2003) #4 or more coarse-grained dry bulk specific gravity 2.06 — AASHTO Τ85-9Κ2000) #4 above coarse-grained water absorption, % 2.2 One-liquid limit, % --- Guest 25 AASHTO T89-02 Plasticity s number, % NP ^6 AASHTO T90 00 Soil uses GW — ASTM D2487-00 Classification AASHTO Ala(O) ' AASHTO 1 (145-91 (1995) Description Gray gravel grade In the above report, it can be seen that the superiority of treating the harmful fly ash of the garbage incinerator by the present technology can be seen. The fly ash containing heavy metals in the waste incinerator is treated by this technology and made into the test body's toxic dissolution test (TCLP). The results of the test prove that they are in compliance with environmental regulations, and have passed the normative test of civil materials. The uniaxial compressive strength is above 7,000 PSI. And the Public Works Committee conducted the first type A and the second type of specifications for the specifications of civil materials, and the results obtained not only met the requirements, but also exceeded the specifications. Therefore, this resource-based product can be used for the pellets, grading and road bottom pellets of civil engineering. Replacing natural graded sandstones to make sustainable use of environmental resources. The selection of the stabilization agent (type and dosage) required for the resource treatment method of the present invention 13 200944303 is determined by many variables, including: the location of the project, the type of waste to be treated, the temperature, the humidity, the permeate rate, Particle size distribution, treated material reuse methods, and the range of pH values to be maintained and the required dissolution test standards, etc., require experimental design capabilities to cost-effectively screen out economical and sensitive Operational variables. Since the solidified body after curing treatment must have low solubility, high density, low free water volume, low permeability coefficient, high compressive strength and strong weather resistance. These characteristics can be achieved through this technology. In the several embodiments of the present invention, the dissolution characteristics of heavy metals in the incineration fly ash are resource-based products which are converted into stable, non-toxic and chemically stable cured bodies by the stabilized chemicals. ❿ and 'The inorganic hazardous wastes that can be treated by the invention include waste incineration fly ash, EAF dust, metal smelting dust, stainless steel waste, mining waste and sludge, heavy metals Soil contaminated. The processed resource products can be used for road grading, general civil materials, artificial reefs, breakwaters, wave eliminators, landscape fences, hiking trails, etc. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any changes or modifications of the shapes, structures, features, and spirits described in the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. [Simple description of the diagram] ° ® Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention. [Main component symbol description]