200936966 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用於貯存成為空調用冷熱源之蓄熱 用冰，室内、室外滑雪場用散布用冰，及普通冷卻、保冷 用冰等的製冰裝置，尤其係關於一種使用過冷水之製冰系 統0 【先前技術】 目前已廣泛利用之製冰方法係對以冷來機冷卻至代 以下之低溫的料狀態之水給予衝冑等而使其解除過冷狀 態，製造雪泥狀之冰並將其貯存於蓄熱槽内之方法，但自 冰蓄熱槽返回過冷熱交換器之冷水中包含微細之冰核，即 使使其通過冰核去除過濾器仍會有冰核殘存，從而過冷熱 交換器之導熱部有可能會凍結而導致製冰系統停止。因 此，為使該冰核熔解而提出有各種技術。 [專利文獻1]日本特開平6-257925「過冷水製造裝置」 中，於自蓄熱槽返回過冷熱交換器之水之迴路中設置預熱 熱交換器而使全量之水通過，使冷水於預熱熱交換器中進 打熱交換’藉此將冰核熔解而防止過冷熱交換器内導熱管 之康結。 [專利文獻2]日本特開平1() 185248「冰蓄熱裝置」令， 設置藉由自凝縮器流向膨脹閥之冷媒進行加熱之預熱器， 藉由該冷媒對冰進行加熱而將其轉，藉此 止 管中之水之凍結。 防止導熱 200936966 一般而言’於使用過冷水之製冰系統中，為去除過冷 熱交換器之入口冷水中所含之冰核，必須將入口冷水加熱 至0.5C左右。該加熱量成為系統之效率下降之一大要因。 於習知系統中，係將自蓄熱槽汲取之0°c之冷水藉由過濾器 進行過濾，再使其升溫至〇.5t：以使冰核熔解，但即便使過 濾器之網眼較細而使冰核較小，由於冰核與冷水之間之熱 傳導率較小’故於0.4。(：以下仍不會料，無法使冰核熔解 溫度為0 · 4 °C以下。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的在於提供一種可藉由將用於使冰核熔解 之加熱抑制為最小限度而提高製冰系統之sc〇p之製冰系 統。此處，所謂 SC0P ( System C0efficient 〇f 系統效能指標），係表示構成製冰系統之所有機器（冷陳 機、泵類）於製冰運轉時每i kw功耗之製冰能力。 ❹ —般而言’冰核之形狀會隨著時間之經過而自針狀（2 維）變成球狀（3維） 爪狀，而2維形狀時之熱傳導較好，可降 低熔解溫度。因此’本發明係構成為，設置三通路型冰水 二離裝置’自製冰裝置出口之相變之後的冰水分離出保有 針狀（2維）冰核之冷水。 、A ^ ^ 猎由使刀離出之冷水與冰核熔解。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The ice making device, in particular, relates to an ice making system using supercooled water. [Prior Art] The ice making method which has been widely used at present is to apply water to a water in a state of being cooled by a cold machine to a lower temperature. The method of removing the supercooled state, manufacturing the slush ice and storing it in the heat storage tank, but the cold water returning from the ice heat storage tank to the supercooling heat exchanger contains fine ice nuclei even if it is removed through the ice core. The filter still has ice cores remaining, so that the heat transfer portion of the supercooled heat exchanger may freeze and cause the ice making system to stop. Therefore, various techniques have been proposed for melting the ice core. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 6-257925, "Uncooled Water Manufacturing Apparatus", in which a preheating heat exchanger is provided in a circuit that returns water from a heat storage tank to a supercooling heat exchanger, and a full amount of water is passed through to make cold water preheat. The heat exchanger exchanges heat exchange 'by thereby melting the ice core to prevent the heat transfer tube in the supercooled heat exchanger from coherent. [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1() 185248 "Ice Thermal Storage Device", a preheater that heats a refrigerant flowing from a condenser to an expansion valve, and the refrigerant is heated by the refrigerant to rotate it. This stops the freezing of the water in the tube. Preventing heat conduction 200936966 In general, in the ice making system using cold water, in order to remove the ice core contained in the cold water of the inlet of the supercooling heat exchanger, the inlet cold water must be heated to about 0.5C. This amount of heating is a major cause of the decline in efficiency of the system. In the conventional system, the cold water of 0°c extracted from the heat storage tank is filtered by a filter, and then heated to 〇5t: to melt the ice core, but even if the mesh of the filter is fine The ice core is smaller, because the thermal conductivity between the ice core and the cold water is smaller, so it is 0.4. (The following is still not expected, and the melting temperature of the ice core cannot be made 0. 4 ° C or less. [Invention] It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for suppressing heating for melting ice cores to a minimum. The ice making system of the sc〇p system for raising the ice making system. Here, the so-called SC0P (System C0efficient 〇f system performance index) indicates that all the machines (cold machine, pump type) constituting the ice making system are in the ice making operation. The ice making capacity per i kw power consumption. ❹ In general, the shape of the ice core changes from needle-like (2D) to spherical (3D) claw shape over time, while the 2-dimensional shape The heat conduction is better, and the melting temperature can be lowered. Therefore, the present invention is configured such that the ice water separated after the phase change of the outlet of the self-made ice device is provided with the three-channel type ice-water two-way device, and the needle-shaped (two-dimensional) ice core is retained. Cold water. A ^ ^ Hunting melts the cold water and ice core from the knife
迴路中製作之〇.5〇c之A 欠混0 I以比習知低之0.1〜0.2 C之溫度來使冷水中殘在+ 子之冰核元全熔解，從而可將0.1〜 C之冷水移送至過冷熱交換器。 即，為解決上述課題，本發明之基本態樣係一種製冰 7 200936966 系統，其係製造過冷水並將使用過冷熱交換器製得之冰貯 存於蓄熱槽中者，其特徵在於，具備：冷凍機，其包含壓 縮機、凝縮器、膨脹閥及蒸發器，製造溫度低於〇。匸之鹽水 並將其供給至過冷熱交換器；製冰裝置，其將來自該過冷 熱交換器之冷水變成冰；冰水迴路，其將來自該製冰裝置 之冰水移送至蓄熱槽；返回迴路，其將來自蓄熱槽之冷水 移送至該過冷熱交換器，製冰泵，其配置於該返回迴路之 中途；冷卻迴路，其利用冷卻塔冷卻已與該凝縮器進行熱 交換之冷卻水；冰核熔解用熱交換器，其設於該冷卻迴路； 冰核炼解迴路，其將來自蓄熱槽之冷水料至該冰核溶解 用熱交換器，且將熱交換後之水導人該返回迴路；以及冰 核溶解泵，其配置於該冰核轉迴路之中途。再者，該製 冰系統係構成為，於該冰水迴路之中途配置三通路型冰水 分離裝置’使所製造之冰水全量通過；將利用該三通路型 冰水刀離裝置所分離出之冷水導入該返回迴路。藉此，以 最小限度之加熱使返回該過冷熱交換器的冷水中所含之冰 基於上述構成，藉由本發明可獲得以下效果： ⑴由於本發明之製冰系統係構成為， 水分離裝置，自劁¥α ^ 通峪！冰 針狀（2… 變後的冰水分離出保有 、-冰核之冷水，因此使分離出之冷水與冰核熔_ 迴路中製作之〇Vr^、人^ Α >兴不极俗解 ’ C之冷水混合便可使其溫度降低至01〜 ;十狀之冰核易於熔解，因此以〇 度便可使冷水中焱六+」 U b之/皿 殘存之冰核大致完全熔解，並將〇1〜〇 2 200936966 °c之冷水移送至過冷熱交換器。其具有可將用於使冰核熔 解之加熱抑制為最小限度而提高製冰系統之效率之優點。 可將過冷熱交換器之入口冷水溫度降低至01〜0.2 . ^，與習知0.5°C時相比，將冰核熔解時之加熱損失由2〇% 改善至5〜10%，於圖1所示之系統中，SCOP提高20%。 作為本發明之較佳態樣，上述三通路型冰水分離裝置 係由冰水所通過之中心管及包圍其外周之外殼構成，於該 中〜管之外側，在該外殼内部形成隔室；冷水自設於該中 β 心、管表面之多數個孔流出至該隔室内；所流出之冷水由該 製冰泵自該隔室抽取並移送至該過冷熱交換器。以下，參 照附圖對本發明之較佳態樣進行說明。 【實施方式】 ❹ 圖1係表示本發明之基本態樣之製冰系統之實施例， 利用鹽mo抽吸經鹽水冷凌機2冷卻之盥水並將其移送 至過冷熱交換器4,將在過冷熱交換器4㈣㈣交換而成 為低於(TC之溫度（例如負2 〇。〇之過冷水於製冰裝置5 内變成冰’將所製造之冰供給至蓄熱槽鹽水冷殊機2包 含壓縮機41、凝縮器42、臌 物脹閥43及蒸發器44，製造溫制作 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Transfer to the subcooled heat exchanger. That is, in order to solve the above problems, the basic aspect of the present invention is an ice making 7 200936966 system which is used for manufacturing cold water and storing ice obtained by using a supercooled heat exchanger in a heat storage tank, and is characterized by comprising: A freezer comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator at a manufacturing temperature lower than 〇. The brine is supplied to the subcooling heat exchanger; the ice making device converts the cold water from the subcooling heat exchanger into ice; and the ice water circuit transfers the ice water from the ice making device to the regenerator; a circuit that transfers cold water from the heat storage tank to the subcooling heat exchanger, an ice making pump disposed in the middle of the return circuit, and a cooling circuit that cools the cooling water that has exchanged heat with the condenser by using a cooling tower; a heat exchanger for ice core melting, which is disposed in the cooling circuit; an ice core refining circuit that feeds cold water from the heat storage tank to the heat exchanger for ice core dissolution, and directs the water after heat exchange to return a circuit; and an ice core dissolving pump disposed in the middle of the ice core circuit. Furthermore, the ice making system is configured such that a three-pass type ice water separation device is disposed in the middle of the ice water circuit to pass the entire ice water produced; and the three-channel ice water knife is used to separate the device. The cold water is introduced into the return circuit. Thereby, the ice contained in the cold water returned to the subcooling heat exchanger is based on the above configuration with minimal heating, and the following effects can be obtained by the present invention: (1) Since the ice making system of the present invention is configured as a water separating device,自劁¥α ^ 通峪! Ice needle-shaped (2... The ice water after the separation separates the cold water that holds the ice core, so the separated cold water and the ice core are melted. 制作Vr^, 人^ Α > C cold water mixing can reduce its temperature to 01~; the ten-shaped ice core is easy to melt, so the ice core in the cold water can be almost completely melted in the cold water and will be completely melted. 〇1~〇2 The cold water of 200936966 °c is transferred to the supercooling heat exchanger, which has the advantage of reducing the heating for melting the ice core to minimize the efficiency of the ice making system. The inlet cold water temperature is lowered to 01~0.2. ^, the heating loss when the ice core is melted is improved from 2〇% to 5~10% compared with the conventional 0.5°C. In the system shown in Fig. 1, SCOP 20% increase. As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the three-channel type ice water separation device is constituted by a central pipe through which ice water passes and an outer casing surrounding the outer periphery thereof, on the outer side of the pipe, inside the casing Forming a compartment; cold water is supplied from the majority of the pores of the β-heart and the surface of the tube to the compartment The cold water that has flowed out is taken from the compartment by the ice making pump and transferred to the subcooling heat exchanger. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows the present invention. In an embodiment of the basic embodiment of the ice making system, the brine cooled by the brine colder 2 is sucked by the salt mo and transferred to the supercooling heat exchanger 4, and the subcooling heat exchanger 4 (4) (4) is exchanged to be lower than (Temperature of TC (for example, minus 2 〇. 过 过 过 过 于 于 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 43 and evaporator 44, manufacturing temperature
度低於0°C之鹽水並將其供仏sA 并供給至過冷熱交換器4。藉由冷水The brine below 0 ° C is supplied to 仏 sA and supplied to the subcooling heat exchanger 4 . By cold water
杲24自蓄熱槽8底部附近夕舳A 7迎之熱負載側出口 8a抽出冷水，將 其移送至風機盤管等空調 啊貝載26 ’以對建築物内之各房間 釋放冷氣。 於圖1之裝置中設有·此 ’·將來自製冰裝置5之冰水移送 9 200936966 至蓄熱槽8之冰水迴路C;以及將來自蓄熱槽8之冷水移送 至過冷熱交換器4之返回迴路w»於返回趣路w T途配 置有製冰泵12及冰核去除過濾器6。在將與冷凍機2之凝 縮器42進行熱交換之冷卻水利用冷卻塔1進行冷卻之冷卻 迴路P中，設有冰核熔解用熱交換器3、冷卻水泵9、冷卻 水溫度控制閥14及冰核熔解溫度控制閥15。進而，嗖有將 來自蓄熱槽8之冷水移送至冰核熔解用熱交換器3且將熱 交換後之水導入返回迴路w之冰核熔解迴路Q，於冰核熔 解迴路Q之中途設有冰核熔解泵n。 依據本發明之特徵，於冰水迴路C之中途配置有三通 路型冰水分離裝置7,使所製造之冰水全量通過。由三通路 型冰水分離裝置7所分離出之冷水被導入返回迴路w，以 最小限度之加熱使返回過冷熱交換器4之冷水令所含的冰 核熔解。 其次’對迴路中之水溫變化進行說明。於圖1中於 利用取水泵13自蓄熱槽8抽取之蓄熱冷水16 (〇 〇它）中 含有冰核。蓄熱冷水16之一部分被導入冰核熔解迴路q 中，藉由冰核熔解泵U移送至冰核熔解熱交換器3而經加 熱之後，與蓄熱冷水16混合，成為大致0.5°C之冰核熔解 後冷水17。冰核熔解後冷水17與利用三通路型冰水分離裝 置7所分離出之分離冷水18 ( 〇 〇它）混合，成為大致〇」 〜〇.2°C之混合冷水19 ,並藉由製冰泵12而移送至冰核去 除過濾器6。於分離冷水18中亦含有冰核但與蓄熱冷水 1 6中所含之冷水不同，結晶之形狀係針狀（2維），以〇 1 200936966 〜0.2 C之溫度便可使冰核充分溶解。通過冰核去除過據器 6之混合冷水19被移送至過冷熱交換器4,與負3.0°C左右 之鹽水進行熱交換而成為過冷水，並於製冰裝置5中相變 . 成為冰水20 ( IPF : 2.5重量％)。冰水20被移送至三通路 型冰水分離裝置7，進行冷水之分離與冰之濃縮。分離冷水 18再次與冰核熔解後冷水I?混合，經濃縮之濃縮冰水 21(IPF : 7〜1〇重量％)貯存於蓄熱槽8中。此處，所謂iPF (Ice Packing Factor，結冰率），係表示冰水重量中之冰之 ❹重量的指標。 圖2表示三通路型冰水分離裝置7之較佳例，其整體 由入口管31、出口；f 32、中心管33、外殼34、隔室35、 不鏽鋼篩網36、孔37及分支管38構成。即成為以下構造： 7作為套管之一部分的中心管33設為具有多數個孔37之 夕孔板（以直徑3mm、5mm間距之鋸齒排列配置有孔）， ❹ :内。p，在内侧張設# 50〜丨00之不鏽鋼篩網36，藉此對 大致〇.4mm以上之冰與冷水進行分離。 圖1所示，自製冰裝置5向三通路型冰水分離裝置 之入口管31送入IPF : 2 5重量％左右之冰水，使冷水3 、一部分穿過孔37而流出至隔室35 ,藉此，自出口管32求 古总至IPF 7〜1〇重量％之冰水21送出至蓄熱槽8。自矣 38將〇.〇C之水送出至製冰泵12。自分支管％流出之 分支水量較佳為主管水量之2/3〜3/4。 以上’如詳細說明般，先前須進行〇代之加熱，但根 發明之製冰系統，以Ο.ΝΟ,π之加熱便可使冷水中殘 200936966 存之冰核大致完全熔解，可將ο.1〜〇.2t之冷水移送至過冷 熱交換器。其技術價值極為顯著，例如，可將用於使冰核 炼解之加熱抑制為最小限度，與先前之。代時相比，冰核 解時之加熱損失由20%改善至5〜10%，SCOP提高20%。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係表不本發明之製冰系統之基本態樣之迴路圖。 圖2係三通路型冰水分離裳置之縱剖面圖。 〇 【主要元件符號說明】 1 冷卻塔 2 鹽水冷凍機 3 冰核熔解用熱交換器 4 過冷熱交換器 5 製冰裝置 7 三通路型冰水分離裝置 8 蓄熱槽 〇 12 製冰泵 13 取水泵 3 3 中心管 34 外殼 35 隔室 3 7 孔 p 冷卻迴路 12 200936966 Q 冰核熔解迴路 W 返回迴路 C 冰水迴路杲24 From the bottom of the heat storage tank 8 near the bottom of the heat storage side, the A7 welcomes the hot load side outlet 8a to extract the cold water and transfer it to the air conditioner such as the fan coil to release the air conditioner to each room in the building. In the apparatus of Fig. 1, the ice water transfer circuit 9 of the future self-made ice device 5 is transferred from 200936966 to the heat storage tank 8, and the cold water from the heat storage tank 8 is transferred to the subcooling heat exchanger 4. The circuit w» is provided with an ice making pump 12 and an ice core removing filter 6 on the way back to the interesting road w. In the cooling circuit P that cools the cooling water that exchanges heat with the condenser 42 of the refrigerator 2 by the cooling tower 1, the ice core melting heat exchanger 3, the cooling water pump 9, the cooling water temperature control valve 14 and The ice core melts the temperature control valve 15. Further, the cold water from the heat storage tank 8 is transferred to the ice core melting heat exchanger 3, and the water after the heat exchange is introduced into the ice core melting circuit Q of the return circuit w, and ice is provided in the middle of the ice core melting circuit Q. Nuclear melting pump n. According to the features of the present invention, a three-way type ice water separation device 7 is disposed in the middle of the ice water circuit C to pass the entire ice water produced. The cold water separated by the three-channel type ice water separator 7 is introduced into the return circuit w to melt the ice core contained in the cold water returned to the subcooling heat exchanger 4 with minimal heating. Next, the change in water temperature in the circuit is explained. In Fig. 1, an ice core is contained in the regenerative cold water 16 (which is extracted from the heat storage tank 8 by the water pump 13). One portion of the heat storage cold water 16 is introduced into the ice core melting circuit q, transferred to the ice core melting heat exchanger 3 by the ice core melting pump U, heated, and then mixed with the heat storage cold water 16 to become an ice core melting at approximately 0.5 °C. After cold water 17. After the ice core is melted, the cold water 17 is mixed with the separated cold water 18 (which is separated by the three-channel type ice water separation device 7 to become a mixed cold water 19 of approximately 〇2 ° C, and is made of ice. The pump 12 is transferred to the ice core removal filter 6. The separated cold water 18 also contains ice cores, but unlike the cold water contained in the cold storage water 16 , the crystal shape is needle-shaped (two-dimensional), and the ice core can be sufficiently dissolved at a temperature of 2009 1 200936966 to 0.2 C. The mixed cold water 19 that has passed through the ice core removal reactor 6 is transferred to the supercooling heat exchanger 4, exchanges heat with a brine having a negative temperature of about 3.0 ° C to become supercooled water, and is transformed into the ice making device 5 to become ice water. 20 (IPF: 2.5 wt%). The ice water 20 is transferred to a three-pass type ice water separation device 7 for separation of cold water and concentration of ice. The separated cold water 18 is again mixed with the cold water I? after the ice core is melted, and the concentrated concentrated ice water 21 (IPF: 7 to 1% by weight) is stored in the heat storage tank 8. Here, the iPF (Ice Packing Factor) is an index indicating the weight of ice in the weight of ice water. 2 shows a preferred example of the three-pass type ice water separation device 7, which is integrally composed of an inlet pipe 31, an outlet, f32, a center pipe 33, a casing 34, a compartment 35, a stainless steel mesh 36, a hole 37, and a branch pipe 38. Composition. That is, the following structure is obtained: 7 The center tube 33 which is a part of the sleeve is provided as an outer hole plate having a plurality of holes 37 (holes are arranged in a zigzag arrangement with a diameter of 3 mm and a pitch of 5 mm), ❹: inside. p, a stainless steel screen 36 of #50 to 丨00 is placed on the inner side to separate ice and cold water of approximately 〇4 mm or more. As shown in Fig. 1, the self-made ice device 5 feeds IPF: about 25 wt% of ice water to the inlet pipe 31 of the three-channel type ice water separation device, so that the cold water 3 and a part of the cold water 3 pass through the hole 37 and flow out to the compartment 35. Thereby, the ice water 21 from the outlet pipe 32 to the IPF 7 to 1% by weight of the IPF is sent to the heat storage tank 8. The water from the 〇.〇C is sent to the ice making pump 12. The amount of branch water flowing out from the branch pipe % is preferably 2/3 to 3/4 of the amount of the main water. Above, as detailed, the heating of the deuteration has to be carried out before, but the ice making system of the invention is heated by Ο.ΝΟ, π, so that the ice core in the cold water residual 200936966 is substantially completely melted, and ο. The cold water of 1~〇.2t is transferred to the supercooled heat exchanger. Its technical value is extremely remarkable, for example, the heating for the ice core refining can be suppressed to a minimum, as before. Compared with the time of generation, the heating loss during ice nucleation was improved from 20% to 5~10%, and SCOP was increased by 20%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the basic aspect of the ice making system of the present invention. Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a three-pass type ice water separation skirt. 〇【Main component symbol description】 1 Cooling tower 2 Brine freezer 3 Ice core melting heat exchanger 4 Subcooling heat exchanger 5 Ice making device 7 Three-channel ice water separation device 8 Heat storage tank 〇12 Ice pump 13 Water pump 3 3 Center tube 34 Housing 35 Compartment 3 7 Hole p Cooling circuit 12 200936966 Q Ice core melting circuit W Return circuit C Ice water circuit