200929771 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係涉及一種直流電源保護裝置，特別係指一種 具有支援寬範圍電壓及大電流之電源輸入的直流電^ 裝置及其運作方法。 、瘦 【先前技術】 少由於科技的快速發展，使得電子產品的種_數量越 Ϊί二ΐ部分的電子產品都是需要藉由直流電綠的供應 木運成運作，並且電源供應的穩定度更是足以影警整個電 f產品正常運作的重要因素。因此，在有關電源^護的設 計方面，就一直都是各家廠商在開發設計的過程中，所= 加以注重的地方，以避免因電源異常的問題，而鵠壞電^ 產品。 —般而言，在直流電源系統中，其供電給負栽的方 係正、負電依既定線路來進行供電，但若正、負電之極^ 產生錯置的情形，就可能會損壞負載。對此，在直流電源 輸入的電源保護方面’可如第一圖所示為習知技術之一直 流電源保護電賴電路圖。其巾，貞載9的正、負極分別 是連接於輸入電源vin的正、負極，並且設計有—二極體 D1來連接於負載9及輸入電源Vin之正極之間，以利用二 極體D1在輸入極性為順向時導通而在輸入極性為逆向時 不導通的特性來達到逆向極性之電源輸入的保護效果。如 此一來，在逆向極性之電源產生（正、負極錯置）時，二極 體D1便不導通使電路形成開路之狀態，藉以保護負 不會被損毁。 、 200929771 電路的考f™圖：為習知技術之另-直流電源保護 構之外，更二:了另圖:示/其除了如第-圖所示之電《 此一决告私 —極體D2及一保險絲F的設計。如 體D2不二f人極性為順向時，二極體D1導通而另-二極 向時ϋ ^是1载9可正常運作；而當輸人極性為逆 使得逆向 ❹ Ο 來達到逆向極性之電源=:果正==險 ===之FT:燒斷保險 經濟效益。.....，因而造成使用上的不便並且不具 立 夕以一極體的規格來看，如第一圖及第二圖之習 f付所使用的二極體，都具有較高的順向導通電壓 、一，其無法承受所輪入的較大順向導通電流（If)，並且 極體的功率損耗來講（p = I w Ο，流經二極體電流越大 』功率耗損就越大，*產生賴能也就越高，如果加上散 了、不良則容易因過熱而燒毀二極體，所以上述習知技術之 電路不適用於大電流的直流電源輸入。 入於是，為了改善此一情形，另有習知技術利用一 p型 金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體（以下簡稱PM0S電晶體）來取 代一極體作為開關電路。其中以PM0S電晶體的源極來連接 輸入電源的正極；而以PM0S電晶體的閘極來連接輪入電源 的負極’藉此以作為開關切換的保護動作。而由於PM0S 電晶體的導通電阻（RDS(on))極低，因此適用於大電流的直 流電源輪入。 但是，在PM0S電晶體的逆向極性之電源保護方面， 200929771 間極導通電難S)通常被限制在最大 電夏2 5伙特以下（依不同額定耐麼 广輪入的接面電容特二: 充電時間的電㈣率因而產生延遲時間，使二| 的動作，因:丄：4峨路無法進行即時關閉 i逆向極性之較大電嶋入時，便容 ❹ 性之電源保護方面，面’在順向極 ^ ΡΜηο _ 田皁m入之電壓為順向且處於低壓時， 在職電晶體閘極的電見就會 給間極的電屢越低時，PM〇s雷曰雕也就疋員際域 :二PM0S電晶體的導通特性，增加功率損 的額定；d '處於高壓（超過PM0S電晶體 PMol電曰髀t : ’之會受到其閘極導通電壓的限制而使 晶體的^/，二正常運作或直接損毀。所以使用PM0S電 i曰的輸入二、呆護系統之設計是無法達到支援寬範圍直流電 存在：法=;==電壓及電流的限制* 問題，墙庙田μ有接收寬圍電壓和較大電流之輸入的 會受到限i，Γ電源保護電路之產品，其所能運作的功能 伏特官:网，列如：工業電腦的工作電壓往往位於9〜60 措施。關電壓之間’對此便無法形成有效的 電源保護之 【發明内容】 透過㈣解決的技㈣題在於，在同樣 保護作用導體場效電晶體（娜電晶體）來作為 碣關電路之下，透過硬體電路的設計及改良， 200929771 以在順向電Μ及逆向電壓的部分分別設計有不同的控制電 路來加以控制’使得輪入電壓可以不受到PM0S電晶體的閘 極導通電壓（VGS)之限制，而依pMQS電晶體之汲極與源極 之，的電壓（V D S)的額定電壓來設計。藉此，讓電源保護電 路付以在大電麵運作下支援寬範圍電壓的輸人，以維持 正常運作來產生電源保護的作用。 Ο ❹ 為了達到上述目的，根據本發明所提出之—方案 3 f直錢源保護裝置，其包括：-關單元、-逆向 L堅，位電路逆向電壓控制單元及-順向電麗控制單 =° /、中’開關單元係串接於-電源輸人端之正極與-負 ί之=間二用以開關電源輸入端所提供之-供應電 :在雷：二電壓箝位電路係並接於電源輸入端之負極，並 雷壓入端產生一逆向輸入電壓時，用以將逆向輸入 操作電壓内。接著，逆向電壓控制單元 於：向電壓箝位電路，用以確認該逆向輸入電壓， 壓控制單元二並元。最後’順向電 壓之範圍内的㈣雷】/生一付合於該額定操作電 供應電源藉以開啟該開關單元進行輸出該 提供二述目的’根據本發明所提出之另-方丨 、種直流電源保護裝置的運作方、、土甘Λ外古、Α 保護裝置# _連作方法，其中该直流1 射吉、^接收—電源輸人端所提供之-供應電源’ 保護裝置所包含之-開關單元來開祕 =_負，，而該運作方法之步驟包括：首先，取: ，並確認該輸人電壓之電壓極性。若碟認該」 200929771 電壓係為逆向輪人電壓時，則將該逆向輸人電壓箝制於一 額=操作電壓内，並產生—驅動訊號以.關閉該開關單元， 而右確涊该輪入電壓係為順向輸入電壓時，則產生一控制 電壓以進行開啟該開關單元而將該供應電源輪出給該負 載，藉此，藉由重複上述步驟，以完成該直流電保 置之運作。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a DC power source protection device, and more particularly to a DC power device having a power supply input supporting a wide range of voltages and a large current, and a method of operating the same. Thin [previous technology] Less due to the rapid development of technology, the number of electronic products is more and more Ϊ The second part of the electronic products need to be operated by DC green supply, and the stability of power supply is It is an important factor that can be used to sound the normal operation of the entire electric f product. Therefore, in terms of the design of power supply protection, it has always been a place that various manufacturers have paid attention to during the development and design process to avoid the problem of power supply abnormality and damage the electric product. In general, in a DC power system, the power supply to the load is positive and negative depending on the established line. However, if the positive or negative voltage is misplaced, the load may be damaged. In this regard, the power supply protection of the DC power input can be as shown in the first figure as a conventional power supply protection circuit diagram. The positive and negative poles of the towel 9 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power source vin, respectively, and are designed with a diode D1 connected between the load 9 and the positive pole of the input power source Vin to utilize the diode D1. The protection effect of the power input of the reverse polarity is achieved when the input polarity is forward and the input polarity is reversed when the input polarity is reversed. As a result, when the power supply of the reverse polarity is generated (positive and negative misalignment), the diode D1 is not turned on to make the circuit open, so that the protection negative is not destroyed. , 200929771 circuit test fTM diagram: for the other technology of the traditional technology - DC power protection structure, and more: another picture: show / in addition to the electric power as shown in the figure - this one private - very The design of body D2 and a fuse F. If the body D2 is not the same as the polarity of the human body, the diode D1 is turned on and the other two poles are ϋ ^ is 1 carrier 9 can operate normally; and when the input polarity is reversed, the reverse ❹ Ο is reversed. The power supply =: fruit is == insurance === FT: burn out insurance economic benefits. ....., thus causing inconvenience in use and not taking advantage of the specifications of a polar body, such as the diodes used in the first figure and the second figure, the diodes have higher cis The conduction voltage, one, can not withstand the large forward conduction current (If), and the power loss of the polar body (p = I w Ο, the greater the current flowing through the diode) The larger the value is, the higher the energy is. If it is added or not, it is easy to burn the diode due to overheating. Therefore, the circuit of the above-mentioned prior art is not suitable for the input of a large current DC power source. To improve this situation, another conventional technique uses a p-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (hereinafter referred to as a PM0S transistor) to replace a one-pole body as a switching circuit. The source of the PM0S transistor is used to connect the input power source. The positive electrode; and the gate of the PM0S transistor is connected to the negative electrode of the turn-in power supply. This serves as a protection action for switching the switch. Since the on-resistance (RDS(on)) of the PM0S transistor is extremely low, it is suitable for high current. The DC power supply is turned in. But In terms of power supply protection of the reverse polarity of the PM0S transistor, the pole conduction power is difficult to be used in 200929771. S) is usually limited to the maximum electric power of 25 volts or less (depending on the rated resistance of the wide-angled junction capacitors: charging time) The electric (four) rate thus produces a delay time, so that the action of the second |, because: 峨: 4 峨 无法 无法 无法 无法 即时 即时 即时 即时 i 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆 逆When the voltage into the pole ^ ΡΜηο _ Tian soap is in the forward direction and at low pressure, the electricity of the gate of the occupational crystal will give the electricity of the poles to a lower frequency, and the PM〇s Thunder carving will also be ancillary. Domain: The conduction characteristics of two PM0S transistors, increasing the power loss rating; d 'at high voltage (more than PM0S transistor PMol 曰髀t: ' will be limited by its gate conduction voltage to make the crystal ^ /, two Normal operation or direct damage. Therefore, the input of PM0S electric i曰, the design of the protection system is unable to support the existence of a wide range of direct current: method =; == voltage and current limit * problem, wall temple field μ has a wide reception The input of the surrounding voltage and the larger current will be affected i, Γ power protection circuit products, the function of the function of the volts official: network, such as: industrial computer operating voltage is often located in the 9 ~ 60 measures. Off the voltage between 'this can not form an effective power protection [Summary of the Invention] The technique (4) solved by (4) is to design and improve the hardware through the same protective conductor field effect transistor (Na-Crystal) as the gate circuit, 200929771 The Μ and reverse voltage sections are each designed with different control circuits to control 'so that the turn-in voltage can be limited by the gate-on voltage (VGS) of the PMOS transistor, and the drain and source of the pMQS transistor , the voltage (VDS) of the rated voltage is designed. In this way, the power protection circuit is used to support the input of a wide range of voltages under the operation of large electric circuits, so as to maintain normal operation to generate power protection. ❹ ❹ In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the solution 3 f direct money source protection device comprises: - off unit, - reverse L hard, bit circuit reverse voltage control unit and - forward electric control unit = ° /, the middle 'switch unit is connected in series - the positive pole of the power input terminal and the negative voltage = the second is used to supply the input of the switching power supply - supply electricity: in the lightning: two voltage clamp circuit is connected When the negative input voltage of the power input terminal and the reverse voltage input terminal generate a reverse input voltage, it is used to input the reverse voltage into the operating voltage. Next, the reverse voltage control unit is: a voltage clamping circuit for confirming the reverse input voltage, and the voltage control unit is doubling. Finally, the (fourth) thunder in the range of the forward voltage is generated by the rated operating electric power supply source to turn on the switching unit for output. The second object is provided for the purpose of the present invention. The operation of the power protection device, the earthen Gansu ancient, the Α protection device # _ continuous method, wherein the DC 1 ji, ^ receiving - power supply input provided by the - supply power 'protective device included - the switch The unit opens the secret =_ negative, and the steps of the operation method include: first, take: and confirm the voltage polarity of the input voltage. If the disc recognizes that the voltage of 200929771 is the reverse wheel voltage, the reverse input voltage is clamped to the first = operating voltage, and the - drive signal is generated to close the switch unit, and the turn is right. When the voltage is a forward input voltage, a control voltage is generated to turn on the switching unit to turn the supply power to the load, thereby completing the operation of the DC protection by repeating the above steps.
❹ 於是，本發明之直流電源保護裝置可產生之功效在 於’其不僅可在大電流運作的系統中，達到電源保護的效 果，^可同時支援順向電壓或逆向電壓在較寬範圍電壓之 輸入時，還能正常運作以進行電源保護。 以上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖，皆是為了能 進一步說明本發明為達成預定目的所採取之方式、手段及 功效。而#關本發明的其他目的及優點，將纟後續的說明 及圖式中加以閣述。 【實施方式】 &牧叹賤电峪上進仃&叶改良，以在電源輸 的順向電壓及逆向電壓部分分麟計有不同的控制電路 加以控制’使得輸人電壓可以不會受到開關單it的限制 ^電源賴裝置得以在大電流料作下支援寬範圍電 的輸入，以使直流電源保護裝置維持正常運作來產生保 的作用。 雪^ 狂圖，為本發明直流電源保護裝置之實雜 。如麟示，本㈣_供〜種直流電源保 H 1 ’其主要是設計應用於-電源輪人端2及― 門：以摘測電源輸入端2所產生的-供應電源而透 謂切換來提供給負載3使用，以達到保護的作用。. 200929771 本實施例之直流電源保料置1包括：-開關單元 π、一逆向電_位電路12、—逆向電壓_單元13及 一順向，壓控制單元14。其中，開關單元11在實際設計 上主要疋以p型金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體（p — 簡卿，以 下簡稱PM0S)來設計而成，其串接在電源輸入端 2之正極 ”、、3之正極之間’用以作為開關電源輸入端2所提供 之供應電源之用。 ❹ 骞 而逆向電壓箝位電路12則是並接於電源輸入端2之 在電源輸人端2產生的供應電源是為—逆向輸入電 2 :用以〜將該逆向輸人電愿箝制在—額定操作電壓内。 故摘定^作電壓疋依據該關單元1][之—開關端的 逆向電壓箱位電路12之中，而該開關端在實 際6又3十上即疋该PM0S的閘極。 電壓考第四A圖及第四B圖，為本發明的逆向 =⑽意圖及其輸出電壓狀態波形 路可例如圖所7^，逆向€壓箝位電路12的等效電 一二極體D1、—電阻電壓綱形 源％之電壓壓而二等，偏壓電路會箝制超過電壓 ,的電堅也訧是說超過電壓源Vs之電壓以 會被導通，而若是低於或料電壓源^之電壓則 w 經由—極體W來輸出給逆向電壓控制單 設電懕：，之箝制原理可由第四β圖來進-步說明，假 屋），f壓為V1(也就是所謂設定的額定操作電 應電源所產生，向輸入電麼為 電路綱 之準位藉此，使超過電壓源 200929771 vs之電㈣此區段輸人€壓，還是能夠維持在電 電壓1Π的準位進行輸出。 ’、S之 於是，前述所提及的額定操作電塵是依據PM0 ，的規格⑽極導通電壓VGS)來料，在實際的逆】 ，位電路12 t，便是輯不同電_ Vs之電^ 成所用以箝制的額定操作電壓，以符合pM〇s之閉極;^ 壓VGS的規格。換句話說，電壓源Vs之電壓是可依|電 的閘極導通 VGS之需求來進行變更設計，以 於閘極導通電麼VGS規格之内的作用。藉此，不管供 =形成的逆向輸入電壓是多大之電壓皆可被箝制於；定 #作電壓之範而不會損毀關單元π而影 置1之運作。 a '、咬衣 接著’本實施例之直流電源保護襄置i中的逆向電壓 控制單元13是連接於逆向電壓箝位電路12與開關單元u ，間’並且逆向電壓控制單幻3進―步包含：—逆電壓檢 知電路131及-開關驅動電路132。而逆向電壓控元 Ο 13透過其中的逆電壓檢知電路131來接收該逆向輪入電 壓，並在賴該逆向輸人賴讀崎輸丨―檢知訊號。 而開關驅動電路132則是連接逆電壓檢知電路131，以接 ，該，知訊號來轉換產生―驅動訊號，以加速_該開關 早 7L 11。 而關於逆向電壓控制單元13的詳細架構，可再同時 二考第五® ’為本發明的逆向f壓控制單元之等效電路示 ，圖。如第五圖所示，其巾逆向電壓控制單元13透過逆電 堅檢知電路131來接收逆向電壓箝位電路12所箝位後的逆 向輸入電壓，並在確認為逆向輸人電壓後，產生檢知訊號 12 200929771 給開關驅動電路132。其中，逆電壓檢知電路Ι3ι是w純 為热悉該項技術者所能了解的檢知電路及其運作原2早在 此就不加以贅述。而開關驅動電路132則可 ^ 丄 電壓隨耦器IU、—電晶體Q1及一二極體卯的等:二 利用其中電壓軸器U1來接收逆電壓檢知電路131所產生 的檢知訊號，並將該檢知訊號轉換為用以驅動該電晶體 的放大驅動電流，以使該電晶體Q1得以快速導通而1 _ 驅動訊號，並且也使二級體!)2導通而加速關_開關單=❹ Therefore, the DC power protection device of the present invention can produce the effect that it can not only achieve the effect of power protection in a system with high current operation, but also can support the input of a forward voltage or a reverse voltage over a wide range of voltages. It also works properly for power protection. The above summary, the following detailed description and the annexed drawings are intended to further illustrate the manner, the Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description and drawings. [Embodiment] & sigh 贱 贱 峪 仃 amp & leaf improvement, in the forward voltage and reverse voltage part of the power supply, there are different control circuits to control 'so that the input voltage can not be affected The limitation of the switch single it ^ power supply device can support a wide range of electrical input under the high current material, so that the DC power protection device maintains normal operation to generate a guarantee. The snow ^ mad map is the kind of DC power protection device of the present invention. Such as Lin show, this (four) _ for ~ kind of DC power supply H 1 'It is mainly designed for use - power wheel terminal 2 and ― door: to extract the power supply input 2 generated by the power supply It is supplied to the load 3 for protection. 200929771 The DC power supply protection device of this embodiment includes: - a switching unit π, a reverse power _ bit circuit 12, a reverse voltage _ unit 13 and a forward, pressure control unit 14. Among them, the switch unit 11 is mainly designed with a p-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (p-Jianqing, hereinafter referred to as PM0S), which is connected in series with the positive terminal of the power input terminal 2, 3 Between the positive poles is used as the power supply provided by the input terminal 2 of the switching power supply. ❹ 逆 and the reverse voltage clamping circuit 12 is connected to the power supply input terminal 2 at the power supply input terminal 2 Yes - reverse input power 2: used to ~ the reverse input power is clamped in the rated operating voltage. Therefore, the voltage is 摘 according to the off unit 1] [the switch terminal reverse voltage tank circuit 12 Among them, the switch end is the gate of the PM0S in the actual 6 and 30. The voltage test of the fourth A picture and the fourth B picture is the reverse direction of the invention = (10) intention and its output voltage state waveform path For example, in the figure 7^, the equivalent electric one diode D1 of the reverse clamp circuit 12, the voltage voltage of the resistance voltage source source %, and the like, the bias circuit will clamp the voltage exceeding the voltage, and the electric power is also clamped.訧 means that the voltage exceeding the voltage source Vs will be turned on, and if it is lower than The voltage of the material voltage source ^ is output to the reverse voltage control by means of the pole body W. The clamping principle can be explained by the fourth β-picture, and the f-pressure is V1 (also known as the so-called “fake house”). The set rated operating power should be generated by the power supply, and the input power is the level of the circuit. Therefore, the voltage exceeding the voltage source 200929771 vs (4) can be maintained at the level of the electric voltage of 1Π. Output, ', S, then, the above-mentioned rated operational dust is based on PM0, the specification (10) pole conduction voltage VGS), in the actual inverse, bit circuit 12 t, it is a different electricity _ The voltage of the Vs is used to clamp the rated operating voltage to meet the closing pole of pM〇s; ^ The specification of the VGS. In other words, the voltage of the voltage source Vs can be based on the demand of the gate of the electric VGS. Change the design to the effect of the gate conduction current VGS specification. Therefore, no matter how much the reverse input voltage formed by = can be clamped, the voltage will not be damaged. Unit π and shadow 1 operation. a ', bite clothes then 'this The reverse voltage control unit 13 in the DC power protection device i of the embodiment is connected to the reverse voltage clamp circuit 12 and the switch unit u, and the reverse voltage control single magic step includes: - inverse voltage detection circuit The 131 and - switch drive circuit 132. The reverse voltage control unit 133 receives the reverse turn-in voltage through the reverse voltage detection circuit 131, and relies on the reverse input signal to detect the signal. The switch driving circuit 132 is connected to the reverse voltage detecting circuit 131 for connecting, and the signal is converted to generate a "driving signal" to accelerate the switch 7L 11 early. The detailed structure of the reverse voltage control unit 13 can be further At the same time, the second test is the equivalent circuit of the reverse f-pressure control unit of the present invention. As shown in the fifth figure, the towel reverse voltage control unit 13 receives the reverse input voltage clamped by the reverse voltage clamp circuit 12 through the reverse power detection circuit 131, and generates a reverse input voltage after the reverse input voltage is generated. The detection signal 12 200929771 is given to the switch drive circuit 132. Among them, the reverse voltage detection circuit Ι3ι is purely known to those skilled in the art, and the operation of the original circuit 2 will not be described here. The switch driving circuit 132 can be used for the voltage follower IU, the transistor Q1 and the diode 卯, etc.: the voltage signal U1 is used to receive the detection signal generated by the inverse voltage detecting circuit 131. And converting the detection signal into an amplifying driving current for driving the transistor, so that the transistor Q1 is quickly turned on and the driving signal is 1 _, and the second body is also turned on and the acceleration is turned off. =
^ ，由於本實施例中的開關單元11是例如以PM0S之設 計來實現，τίά熟悉朗肋者應可了解在PMQS 呈: 面電容(ciss)(圖未示），用來形成—充間 =、’而使：咖 閉時間過長而損壞到pM〇s或負載3，本實施例 電壓隨㈣U1讓電晶體Q1能夠快速導通而加速對PM0S 之閘極接面電容的充電，進而減少_s的閘極 Ο 延遲時間。讓在逆向輸入電壓形成時，0s能 曰 之°又°十具有極低的導通阻抗之特性，減少電 曰體Q1的内卩且與的閘極接面電容構成一電容電阻(敗) 充電時間，以可再進一步降低PM0S關閉時的延遲時間。 最後，在第三圖中，本實施例之直流電源保護裝 的順向電_制單元14是並接於電源輸人端2之正極，在 電原輸入h 2產生的供應電源是為一順向輸入電壓時， 2以调節產生一控制電壓來開啟開關單元11，以進行輸出 供應電源給負载3使用。_向電壓控制單元14中同樣也 13 200929771 是依據PM0S的閘極導通電壓VGS的規格來進行設計，以使 _ 賴節㈣的控制電壓㈣符合敎操作電，也就是只. I透，順向電壓控制單元14便能自動調節至駭操作’電 壓之範圍内’以正常地對開關單元i i進行控制，讓順向輪 入電壓的供應電源能夠順利提供給負載3使用。 於疋由上述的說明可以明確得知在本實施例中，由 於疋使用PMGS來作為開關單元u的設計，使得直流 保護裝置1得以應用於較大電流。此外，透過逆向電壓籍 ❹ ㈣路12、逆向電壓控鮮元13以及軸電壓控制單元 14的設計，使得所純之供應電料f在順向或逆向的情 況下’其支㈣輪人電壓大小皆不會受限於pMQS的閘 通電壓VGS的限制（25伏特以下），而可依pM〇s的没 源極之間的電壓規格VDS(電壓範圍可較大）。藉此、 在支援寬範圍的電壓輸入的條件下，同樣能進 的目的。 丨木5隻 〃而為了進-步說明本發_實際運作情形，最後 4第六®，為本發明錢電_錢置的運作方法之實二 。本實_所提供的直流㈣顧裝置丨的 ^法’ ”中直流電源保護裝置i主要是用以接收電源 端2所提供的供應電源，並透過其中所包含開關單元則 應電源給負载3使用。而如第六圖所示，該』 作方法之步驟包括：首先，在直流電源保護裝置^接收 ，應電源之後，進行取得—輸人轉（删）。接^J #確認該輪入電叙電遷極性⑽3)，以確認供 ， 形成順向輪入電壓或是逆向輪入電壓。 …電源疋 而若步驟（S_的確認結果為逆向輪入電壓時，顺 14 200929771 ^-判斷步驟以判_逆向輪Μ壓是否高 ，5)。而由於額定操作電壓的設定是會符合開以 之開關端(PM0S的閘極）的閘極導通電壓卿 i匕若步驟（懸）的判_果為是，則表示逆向輸入電壓Ξ ，於臓之閘極的閘極導通電壓VGS，因此隨即進= 该逆向輸人電壓於額定操作電壓内（S6()7)，並且緊 行確認該箝制後的逆向輸入電壓以一味、 ❹ ❹ 關閉開關單元1KS609)，以避免損毁開關單元/或、載 而若步驟⑽5)的判斷結果為否的情形時，則表示= =逆向輸遞是低於或等於讎之 二^, since the switching unit 11 in this embodiment is implemented by, for example, the design of the PMOS, the τίά familiar rib should be able to understand that the PMQS is: surface capacitance (ciss) (not shown), used to form - charge = 'Also: the coffee is too long and damaged to pM〇s or load 3. In this embodiment, the voltage (4) U1 allows the transistor Q1 to turn on quickly to accelerate the charging of the gate junction capacitance of the PM0S, thereby reducing _s. The gate Ο delay time. When the reverse input voltage is formed, 0s can be 曰°°°°, and has a very low on-resistance characteristic, which reduces the internal 卩 of the electric body Q1 and forms a capacitor resistance (defect) with the gate junction capacitance. In order to further reduce the delay time when the PM0S is turned off. Finally, in the third figure, the forward power unit 14 of the DC power protection device of the embodiment is connected to the positive pole of the power input terminal 2, and the power supply generated by the power source input h 2 is a smooth When the input voltage is applied, 2 is controlled to generate a control voltage to turn on the switching unit 11 to perform output supply power to the load 3. _ to the voltage control unit 14 is also 13 200929771 is designed according to the specification of the gate conduction voltage VGS of the PM0S, so that the control voltage (4) of the _ 节 (4) is in accordance with the operation power, that is, only I. The voltage control unit 14 can be automatically adjusted to within the "voltage range" to control the switching unit ii normally, so that the supply power of the forward-in voltage can be smoothly supplied to the load 3. As apparent from the above description, in the present embodiment, since the PMGS is used as the design of the switching unit u, the DC protection device 1 can be applied to a large current. In addition, through the design of the reverse voltage source (four) road 12, the reverse voltage control unit 13 and the shaft voltage control unit 14, the pure supply material f is in the forward or reverse direction, and its branch (four) wheel voltage is It is not limited by the limit of the gate-to-voltage VGS of pMQS (below 25 volts), but can be based on the voltage specification between the sources of pM〇s VDS (the voltage range can be larger). In this way, under the condition of supporting a wide range of voltage input, the same can be achieved. The coffin 5 〃 〃 为了 为了 为了 为了 为了 为了 为了 为了 为了 说明 说明 说明 说明 说明 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The DC power supply protection device i provided by the present invention is mainly for receiving the power supply provided by the power supply terminal 2, and the power supply to the load 3 is used by the switch unit included therein. As shown in the sixth figure, the steps of the method include: first, after the DC power protection device receives, after the power supply, the acquisition-transfer is performed (deleted). The ^J # confirms the round-in Electromigration polarity (10) 3), to confirm supply, to form a forward wheel voltage or a reverse wheel voltage. ... power supply and if the step (S_ confirm the result is reverse wheeling voltage, cis 14 200929771 ^ - judgment step to It is judged whether the reverse wheel rolling pressure is high, 5), and because the rated operating voltage is set to meet the opening voltage of the switch terminal (the gate of the PM0S), if the step (hanging) is judged If yes, it means that the reverse input voltage Ξ, the gate turn-on voltage VGS of the gate of 臓, so immediately = the reverse input voltage is within the rated operating voltage (S6()7), and after confirming the clamp Reverse input voltage to blindly, ❹ ❹ Turning off the switch unit 1KS609) to avoid damage to the switch unit/or, if the judgment result of step (10) 5) is negative, then it indicates that == reverse transmission is lower than or equal to 雠
因此便直接進行步驟（_)之步驟，以在S :、、向剧入電麗之後產生驅動訊號來關閉開關單元η =由即時地關閉開關單元η來防止逆向輸入電藥損ί 負載3，而達到保護的作用。 貝呈又 一而若步驟（S603)的確認結果為順向輸入時， 二進行另判斷步驟以判斷順向輸入電壓是否高於額 呆^電mS611)。若判斷結果為是，則表示順向輸入 於pmos之閘極的閘極導通電壓卿， 利=啟_所代表的u =厂 此便自動進行調節該順向輸入電壓於額定 =電壓内以形成:-控制電壓陶，進而透過該控 (S61二啟Γ關早7^ U ’以輪出供應電源給負載3使用 二輪= 是低於或等於_ =二：電： 控制電i以開出該順向輸入電壓來形成 j關早7G 11而輸出供應電源給負載3。 15 200929771 最後，在步驟（S609)或（S615)之後，則重覆勃^ (S601)以繼續接收供應電源及其爾後之步驟，以心 電源保護裝置i之運作。並且本實施例之運作方 以在接收到逆向輪入電壓時，進行關閉開關單元=用 Τ開啟開關单兀11以對負載3供電。藉此，/+八 流電源保護裝置！得以支援寬範圍電 ^直 3進行電源賴聽。 而對負截 ❹ ❹ 細上所述，本發明除了利用pM〇s來作為 開關單元的設計之外，更透過硬體電路的設計及改用的 f順向電黯逆向電壓的部分分別設計有不 ς齋以 J加以控制’使得輸入電壓可以不受到_的閘以路 壓⑽)之限制，而依PM0S之沒極與源極之&電 的^定電壓來設計。藉此，讓錢電源賴裝&，） 的運作下支援較寬範圍的電壓輸入，以維 大 來產生電源保護的作用。 吊運作 及® 上所述’似本發明的具體#_之詳細” ，領域内’可輕易思及之變化或修飾皆可涵 案所界定之專利範圍。 _盍在以下本 【圖式簡單說明】 第:圖係習知技術之—直流電源保護電路的電路圖； 第二圖係知技術之另—直流電源保護電路的電路圖； 第三圖係本發明直流電源保護裝置之實施例電路方塊圖； 16 200929771 第四A圖係本發明的逆向電壓箝位電路之等效電路示意 圖，. • 第四B圖係本發明的逆向電壓箝位電路之輸出電壓狀態波 形圖； 第五圖係本發明的逆向電麼控制單元之等效電路示意圖； 及 第六圖係本發明直流電源保護裝置的運作方法之實施例流 程圖。 ❹ 【主要元件符號說明】 [習知技術] 負載9 二極體Dl，D2 保險絲F 輸入電源Vin [本發明] 直流電源保護裝置1 開關單元11 逆向電壓箝位電路12 逆向電壓控制單元13 逆電壓檢知電路131 開關驅動電路132 順向電壓控制.單元14 電源輸入端2 17 200929771 D2Therefore, the step (_) is directly performed to generate a driving signal to turn off the switching unit η after S:, to enter the battery, and to turn off the switching unit η to prevent the reverse input of the electric charge ί load 3, and Achieve protection. Once the confirmation result of the step (S603) is the forward input, the second judgment step is performed to determine whether the forward input voltage is higher than the amount of power mS611). If the result of the judgment is yes, it means that the gate voltage of the gate of the pmos is input in the forward direction, and the u = factory represented by the profit = y is automatically adjusted. The forward input voltage is formed within the rated voltage. :- Control voltage pottery, and then through the control (S61 second start off 7^ U ' to turn off the power supply to the load 3 using two rounds = is lower than or equal to _ = two: electricity: control the electric i to open the The input voltage is forwarded to form the early 7G 11 and the output power is supplied to the load 3. 15 200929771 Finally, after the step (S609) or (S615), the power is repeated (S601) to continue receiving the power supply and its subsequent The operation of the power protection device i is performed by the heart, and the operator of the embodiment performs the shutdown switch unit when the reverse wheel voltage is received = the switch unit 11 is turned on to supply the power to the load 3. Thereby, / + Eight-current power supply protection device! Supports a wide range of power supply and direct power supply. In addition to the use of pM〇s as the design of the switching unit, the present invention is harder. The design of the body circuit and the use of the f forward electrical hiccup The voltage parts are respectively designed to be controlled by J, so that the input voltage can be limited by the gate voltage (10) without the _ gate, and the voltage is designed according to the voltage of the PM0S and the source & . In this way, the operation of the power supply and the power supply can support a wide range of voltage inputs to maximize the power supply protection. Hanging operation and the above-mentioned 'details of the specific #_ of the invention', the scope of the patent can be easily changed or modified in the field. _ 盍 以下 以下 【 【 【 【 】 The first diagram is a circuit diagram of a DC power protection circuit; the second diagram is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the DC power protection device of the present invention; 16 200929771 The fourth A diagram is an equivalent circuit diagram of the reverse voltage clamp circuit of the present invention. The fourth B diagram is a waveform diagram of the output voltage state of the reverse voltage clamp circuit of the present invention; A schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a reverse power control unit; and a sixth diagram is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for operating a DC power protection device of the present invention. ❹ [Explanation of main component symbols] [Prior Art] Load 9 diode Dl, D2 fuse F input power source Vin [Invention] DC power supply protection device 1 Switching unit 11 Reverse voltage clamping circuit 12 Reverse voltage control unit 13 Reverse voltage detection circuit 131 Switching drive A control circuit 132 to the forward voltage power supply input unit 14 2 17 200929771 D2
負載3 二極體D1 ’ 電晶體Q1 電阻R U1 電壓隨耦器 電壓源VsLoad 3 Diode D1 ’ Transistor Q1 Resistor R U1 Voltage Dependent Voltage Source Vs
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