200923392 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種交流電源偵測裝置。 【先前技術】 般網路機房之伺服器機架常備有單相 ^ w木巾阴％ τ…人极电璐備援 糸統’如不齡雷$ ^ r . I 电糸統〈uninterrupted power system，UPS ) 或衣i兄電力li測裝置，用以防止交流電源出現異常，如電 原瞬斷决丑暫中斷、停電或頻率漂移等造成網路 斷或備援資料I失，所以對於提供給賴器機 ;^ 源狀態必須加以gpn主扁、日,， 又爪4 伺服器，以③ ^異常狀態快速提供給後端 ° 仃備援父流電源與異常交流電源交換以使0 服器能繼續正常工作。 ^使构 電容電源狀態偵測裝置用變壓器降壓式架構或 電搞合器導通，並由降壓與整流後驅動後端光 I由微處理态監測導通訊號， 中斷或停電造成監測訊號開路 二電源 統與飼服器動作，立即通知父流電源備援系 與平滑遽波電路，因皆，用電容作為電娜 交流電源瞬斷或短暫中且：杈之原因’無法偵測到 【發明内容】 1且_電路有延遲之情況。 鐾於上述内容，有必 可以對交流電源進行即時交流電源_裝置， 用電器使其作出快速回應。' i將異常狀態提供給後端 一種交流電源偵測裝 置用於偵測一交流電源之狀 200923392 態，其包括一偵測電路及一微處理器，該偵測電路包括一 第一電壓源、一第一電阻及一具有一雙向發光二極體及一 光敏電晶體之光電耦合器，該交流電源之火線端連接該雙 向發光二極體之一端，該交流電源之水線端連接該雙向發 光二極體之另一端，該光敏電晶體之射極接地，其集極^ 接該微處理器之中斷引腳與偵測引腳及經該第一電阻 該第-電壓源，該微處理器之輸出端用於連接—用電哭， 該交流電源之狀態訊號透過該❹】電路提供給該微^理 二微處理器之内部谓測程式對該交流電源狀熊 ^丁即w析，並透過該微處理器之輪出端將 _ 供給該用電器。 τ、，。果如 、相較習知技術’該交流電源债測裝置直 源與該光電耦合器之第一雙向…又織電 -雙向發光二極體發光驅動驾先連’透過該第 過該第-光敏電晶體之集極將該六2電晶體&導通，並透 微處理器之中斷引腳与、〜乂 ^源之狀態傳遞給該 部债測程式，=3 =引腳’並觸發該微處理器之内 果快速、準確分析，一 【實施方式】 請參閱圖1，本笋 流電㈣，其較佳ΐ:::電剩裝置用於價測-交 器如及-計數 水線Μ別連接該偵電源1G之火線[與 之輸出端連接該微處理路:之輸入端，該偵測電路20 盗30輪入端之中斷W腳IP及偵測 200923392 引腳DP，該微處理器30之輸出端透過一串口連接一用電 器（如一伺服器50 )，該計數基頻產生器40連接該微處理 " 器30，用於給該微處理器30提供頻率訊號。該偵測電路 20將該交流電源之狀態訊號提供給該微處理器30之中斷 引腳IP及偵測引腳DP，並觸發該微處理器30之内部偵測 程式，進行該交流電源10狀態即時分析，並將分析結果提 供給該伺服器50。當該交流電源10異常時，該伺服器50 根據該微處理器30輸出之分析結果進行備援交流電源（未 示出）之切換，使其能在交流電源10異常時繼續正常工 作。該微處理器30可為微控制單元（Micro Controller Unit，MCU )、週邊介面控制器（peripheral Interface Controller，PIC )、可編程邏輯器件（Complex Programmable Logic Device，CPLD )或是現場可編程閘陣列（Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA )。該計數基頻產生器 40 為該微處理器30之内部計數器提供一計數基頻。 請參照圖2，該偵測電路20之一較佳實施方式包括一 第一電壓源Vccl、一第一電阻R1、一第二電阻R2及一光 電耦合器22。該光電耦合器22包括一雙向發光二極體D1 及一光敏電晶體Q1。該交流電源10之火線端L經該第二 電阻R2連接該雙向發光二極體D1之一端，該交流電源 10之水線端N連接該雙向發光二極體D1之另一端，該光 敏電晶體Q1之射極接地，其集極連接該微處理器30之中 斷引腳IP與偵測引腳DP及經該第一電阻R1連接該第一 電壓源Vccl。該第二電阻R2為限流電阻，該第一電阻R1 200923392 .為上拉電阻’為進—步節省成本’該第二電阻心可刪除， 即直接將該交流電源10之火線端L與該雙向發光亟 D1之一端相連。 11 - 本實施方式中，當該交流電源1〇開啟肖，該 Μ透過該第二電阻與該交流電源相連，A 電源之正向與負向電壓高於其壓降時 二： 崎光並驅動該光敏電晶體Q1導通，並透過：：： 日日體Q1之集極將該交流電源1〇 %之中㈣腳㈣Dp/〜、傳遞給該微處理器 電路1參:二中該交流電源10之訊號波形100與該债測 波形200及計數器基頻訊號波形4。。 處理斷之一個週期時間内該微 生，如图Λ 下降沿中斷觸發訊號產 A|又，在該微處理器30之中斷引腳IP得到 平了時下^沿中斷觸發訊號時，其偵測引腳Dp變為低電 " 邛什數為啟動並計數該申斷引腳IP在第一下降 降沿中斷觸發訊號之間之脈衝數x，並將= 料於第—寄存器中；在該微處理器30之中斷引 並重到勒第二個下降沿中斷觸發訊號時’内部計數器清零 計數該中斷引腳1p在第二個下降沿與第三個 訊號之間之脈衝數γ，並將該脈衝數γ儲 Μ 一。存益中，以此往復計數。讀取第一及第二寄存 = 數χ、γ’並將其差值之絕對值與一基準值η 乂号表—即可獲得當時之該交流電源10之狀態。該 200923392 基準值η之取法需要考慮交流頻率誤差度，該基準值打取 法a式為基準值η=(("交流頻率）*誤差率）/ ( 基頻）。 、々右第—及第二寄存器内之脈衝數χ*γ之差之絕對值 為令則該父流電源10之頻率無漂移，代入公式交流頻率 </ (2*脈衝數* (1/計數器基頻)），可獲得此時該交流電 原之頻率，若第一及第二寄存器内之脈衝數乂和γ之 差之絕對值小於該基準值η，則該交流電源1〇有頻 移’右第—及第二寄存器内之脈衝數X和γ之差之絕對值 大於該基準值η，則該交流電源1G短暫中斷或瞬斷，如圖 4中B段與C段；若停電’則該微處理器30之中斷引腳 ΐ觸發訊號，計數器不能獲得此時之脈衝數，故該第一及 弟二寄存器内之脈衝數γ均為零，根據表—之交 源狀態表即可得知此時為停電狀態，如圖4巾1)段 表一交流電源狀態判斷表 寄存器脈衝數 IF Χ,Υ>0 Χ=Υ IF X,Y>〇 γ^χ IF Χ,Υ>〇 γ^χ Χ=〇 或 Υ=0 判斷條件 Υ-Χ I =0 Υ-Χ I <η Υ-Χ I >η —— — 交流電源狀態 " --- 頻率無漂移 ~ -----—__ 頻率漂移 電源瞬斷或短暫中斷 停電 請參照圖3,該偵測電路2〇之另一實施 :電壓源Vcc2、一第三電阻R3、—第四電…―第 電阻R5及一 _合器24。該光電轉合器μ包括—雔 10 200923392 發光二極體D2及一光敏電晶體Q2。該交流電源10之火 線端L經該第四電阻R4連接該雙向發光二極體D2之一 ' 端，該交流電源10之水線端N連接該雙向發光二極體D2 之另一端，該光敏電晶體Q2之集極連接該第二電壓源 Vcc2，其射極分別經該第三電阻R3接地及經該第五電阻 R5連接該微處理器30之中斷引腳IP與偵測引腳DP。該 第四電阻R4及該第五電阻R5為限流電阻，該第三電阻 R3為接地電阻，為了進一步節省成本，可以將該第四電阻 R4及該第五電阻R5刪除，即直接將該交流電源10之火 線端L與該雙向發光二極體D2之一端相連，該光敏電晶 體Q2之射極與該微處理器30之中斷引腳IP及偵測引腳 DP相連。 本實施方式中，當該交流電源10開啟時，該光電耦合 器24透過該第四電阻R4與該交流電源10相連，當交流 電源10之正向與負向電壓高於其壓降時，該雙向發光二極 體D2發光並驅動該光敏電晶體Q2導通，該光敏電晶體 Q2之射極將該交流電源10之狀態傳遞給該微處理器30 之中斷引腳IP與偵測引腳DP。 請參照圖4中該交流電源10之訊號波形100與該偵測 電路20之輸出訊號波形300及計數器基頻訊號波形400 之對照圖。易知，在該交流電源10之一個週期時間内該微 處理器30之中斷引腳IP共有三次上升沿中斷觸發訊號產 生，如圖4中A段，在該微處理器30之中斷引腳IP得到 第一個上升沿中斷觸發訊號時，其偵測引腳DP變為高電 11 200923392 .平，同時内部計數器啟動並計數該中斷引腳IP在第—上升 -二/、第上升沿中斷觸發訊號之間之脈衝數X，並將該脈 衝數=儲存於第—寄存器中；在該微處理器如之中斷引 腳IP 個上升沿中斷觸發訊號時，内部計數器清零 並重新啟動計數該中斷引腳IP在第二個上升沿與第三個 上升^中斷觸發訊號之間之脈衝數Y，並將該脈衝數Y儲 存於第二寄存器中，以此往復計數。讀取第一及第二寄存 器中之脈衝數χ、γ，並將其差值之絕對值與—基準值η 比較後查尋表-即可獲得當時之該交流電源10之狀態。該 基準值η之取法需要考慮交流頻率誤差度，該基準值η取 法公式為基準值η= ((1/交流頻率）*誤差率）計數器 基頻）。 、右第一及第二寄存器内之脈衝數X和γ之差之絕對值 為零’則該交流電源1G之頻率無漂移，代人公式交流頻率 = 1/(2*脈衝數* (1/計數器基頻）），可獲得此時該交流電 源10之頻率，若第—及第二寄存器内之脈衝數X和y之 差之絕對值小於該基準值n，則該交流電源1〇有頻率漂 移，右第一及第二寄存器内之脈衝數乂和γ之差之絕對值 大於該基準值η’則該交流電源1〇短暫中斷或瞬斷，如圖 4中Β段與C段，若停電’則該微處理器3〇之中斷引腳 無觸發訊號，計數器不能獲得此時之脈衝數，故該第一及 第二寄存器内之脈衝數乂和Υ均為零，根據表交流電 源狀態表即可得知此時為停電狀態，如圖4中d段。 該交流電源偵測裝置可透過該偵測電路2〇對該交流 12 200923392 .電源ίο進行即時偵測，並將該交流電源1〇之狀態訊號提 供給該微處理器30之中斷引腳IP及偵測引腳Dp,透過中 斷引腳IP之訊號來觸發該微處理器3〇之内部偵測程式， 進行該交流電源10狀態即時分析，並將分析結果提供給該 飼服器50,在該交流電源1〇異常時，該词服器％根^ 微處㈣30輸出之分析結果進行備援交流電源之切換，使 其在交流電源10異常時能繼續正常工作。 綜上所述’本發明符合發明專利要件，t依法接屮直 ==，以上所述者僅為本發明之具體實施方式，舉 飾；：：！ί之人士，在差依本發明精神所作之等效修 飾或邊化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖。圖1為本發明交流電源偵測裝置之較佳實施方式之框 =圖？偵測電路之一較佳實施方式之電路圖。 =為圖1中侧電路之另—較佳實施方式之電路圖。 圖4為圖2及圖3中偵測電路之輸出訊號與 及计數器基頻訊號對照圖。 a電源 【主要元件符號說明】 交流電源 10 微處理器 30 伺服器 50 第一電阻 R1 光電耦合器 22、24 债測電路 2〇 計數基頻產生器40 第—電壓源 Vccl 弟一電阻 R2 雙向發光二極體Dl、D2 13 200923392 光敏電晶體 第三電阻 第五電阻 Q1、Q2 第二電壓源 R3 第四電阻 R5200923392 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an AC power detecting device. [Prior Art] The server rack of the network room is always equipped with a single-phase ^ w wood towel yin% τ... human electric 璐 璐 ' ' 如 如 如 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un , UPS) or clothing i brother power metering device, to prevent abnormalities in the AC power supply, such as the power generation instantaneous break, ugly temporary interruption, power outage or frequency drift caused by network disconnection or backup data I lost, so for the supply The source state must be gpn main flat, day, and claw 4 server, quickly provided to the back end in 3 ^ abnormal state ° 仃 backup parent flow power and abnormal AC power exchange to enable 0 server to continue normal work. ^ The capacitor power state detection device is turned on by the transformer buck architecture or the electric combiner, and the back end light I is driven by the step-down and rectification to monitor the communication number by the micro-processing state, and the monitoring signal is opened by the interruption or power failure. When the power supply system and the feeding machine are in motion, the parental power supply backup system and the smooth chopper circuit are immediately notified. Because of this, the capacitor is used as the electric power supply, and the AC power supply is instantaneous or short-lived: the reason of the failure is not detected [invention content] 1 and _ circuit has a delay. In view of the above, it is necessary to make an instant AC power supply to the AC power source, and use the appliance to make a quick response. ' i provides an abnormal state to the back end of an AC power detecting device for detecting an AC power supply state 200923392 state, comprising a detecting circuit and a microprocessor, the detecting circuit comprising a first voltage source, a first resistor and a photocoupler having a bidirectional light emitting diode and a photosensitive transistor, wherein a live end of the AC power source is connected to one end of the bidirectional LED, and a water line end of the AC power source is connected to the bidirectional light The other end of the diode, the emitter of the photosensitive transistor is grounded, and the collector is connected to the interrupt pin and the detecting pin of the microprocessor and the first voltage source via the first resistor, the microprocessor The output end is used for connection-powering crying, and the status signal of the AC power source is supplied to the internal predicate program of the microprocessor 2 microprocessor through the circuit, and the AC power supply is analyzed. The _ is supplied to the consumer through the wheel end of the microprocessor. τ,,. For example, compared with the conventional technology, the direct current source of the AC power supply measuring device and the first two-way of the optocoupler... and the woven electric-two-way LED driving driver first pass through the first-photosensitive The collector of the transistor turns on the six-two transistor & and transmits the state of the interrupt pin and the source of the microprocessor to the debt test program, =3 = pin 'and triggers the micro Quick and accurate analysis of the processor inside, one [Embodiment] Please refer to Figure 1, the bamboo shoots (4), which is better::: The remaining device is used for price measurement - the distributor and the - water line Μ Do not connect the FireWire of the power supply 1G [connected to the output of the microprocessor: the input terminal, the detection circuit 20 steals the 30-input interrupt W pin IP and detects the 200923392 pin DP, the microprocessor The output of 30 is connected to a consumer (such as a server 50) through a serial port, and the counter base frequency generator 40 is connected to the microprocessor 30 for providing the microprocessor 30 with a frequency signal. The detecting circuit 20 provides the status signal of the AC power to the interrupt pin IP and the detecting pin DP of the microprocessor 30, and triggers the internal detecting program of the microprocessor 30 to perform the state of the AC power source 10. The analysis is performed in real time, and the analysis result is provided to the server 50. When the AC power source 10 is abnormal, the server 50 performs switching of a backup AC power source (not shown) based on the analysis result output from the microprocessor 30, so that it can continue to operate normally when the AC power source 10 is abnormal. The microprocessor 30 can be a Micro Controller Unit (MCU), a Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC), a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), or a Field Programmable Gate Array ( Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA). The counter base frequency generator 40 provides a count base frequency for the internal counter of the microprocessor 30. Referring to FIG. 2, a preferred embodiment of the detection circuit 20 includes a first voltage source Vccl, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a photocoupler 22. The photocoupler 22 includes a bidirectional LED D1 and a photo transistor Q1. The live end L of the AC power source 10 is connected to one end of the bidirectional LED D1 via the second resistor R2. The water terminal N of the AC power source 10 is connected to the other end of the bidirectional LED D1. The emitter of Q1 is grounded, and its collector is connected to the interrupt pin IP of the microprocessor 30 and the detection pin DP and the first voltage source Vccl is connected via the first resistor R1. The second resistor R2 is a current limiting resistor, and the first resistor R1 200923392 is a pull-up resistor 'for the step-by-step cost saving', the second resistor core can be deleted, that is, directly the live line end L of the AC power source 10 One end of the two-way illuminating 亟D1 is connected. 11 - In this embodiment, when the AC power source is turned on, the port is connected to the AC power source through the second resistor, and the forward and negative voltages of the A power source are higher than the voltage drop thereof. The photosensitive transistor Q1 is turned on, and transmits the AC power source 1〇% (four) foot (4) Dp/~ to the microprocessor circuit 1 through the collector of the Japanese body Q1: the second AC power source 10 The signal waveform 100 and the debt measurement waveform 200 and the counter baseband signal waveform 4. . The micro-generation is processed in one cycle time, as shown in the figure Λ, the falling edge interrupt triggers the signal generation A|, and when the interrupt pin IP of the microprocessor 30 is flattened, the edge detection signal is detected when the edge is interrupted. Pin Dp becomes low power " The number is to start and count the number of pulses x between the interrupt pin IP at the first falling edge interrupt trigger signal, and = in the first register; When the interrupt of the microprocessor 30 is tied to the second falling edge interrupt trigger signal, the internal counter clears the pulse number γ between the second falling edge and the third signal of the interrupt pin 1p, and The number of pulses γ is stored in one. In the benefit, count back and forth. The state of the AC power source 10 at that time can be obtained by reading the first and second registration = number χ, γ' and the absolute value of the difference value and a reference value η 乂 number table. The reference of the 200923392 reference value η needs to take into account the AC frequency error degree. The reference value is obtained as the reference value η=(("AC frequency)*error rate)/(base frequency). The absolute value of the difference between the pulse number χ*γ in the right first and the second register is such that the frequency of the parent current power supply 10 has no drift, and is substituted into the formula alternating frequency </ (2*pulse number* (1/ The base frequency of the counter)), the frequency of the alternating current source at this time is obtained, and if the absolute value of the difference between the pulse number 乂 and γ in the first and second registers is less than the reference value η, the AC power source 1 has a frequency shift 'The right first—and the absolute value of the difference between the pulse numbers X and γ in the second register is greater than the reference value η, then the AC power supply 1G is briefly interrupted or momentarily interrupted, as in the B and C segments of FIG. 4; Then, the interrupt pin of the microprocessor 30 triggers the signal, and the counter cannot obtain the number of pulses at this time, so the number of pulses γ in the first and second registers is zero, according to the table of the source state table. It is known that the power is off at this time, as shown in Figure 4, paragraph 1), Table 1, AC power state judgment table register pulse number IF Χ, Υ > 0 Χ = IF IF X, Y > 〇 γ ^ χ IF Χ, Υ > 〇 γ ^χ Χ=〇 or Υ=0 Judging condition Υ-Χ I =0 Υ-Χ I <η Υ-Χ I >η —— — AC power state" --- Frequency No drift~ -----___ Frequency drift power supply short-circuit or short-term interruption power failure, please refer to Figure 3, another implementation of the detection circuit 2: voltage source Vcc2, a third resistor R3, - fourth power... - the first resistor R5 and the first clutch 24. The photoelectric coupler μ includes - 雔 10 200923392 light-emitting diode D2 and a photosensitive transistor Q2. The fire end L of the AC power source 10 is connected to one end of the bidirectional LED D2 via the fourth resistor R4, and the water terminal N of the AC power source 10 is connected to the other end of the bidirectional LED D2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the second voltage source Vcc2, and the emitter is grounded via the third resistor R3 and connected to the interrupt pin IP and the detection pin DP of the microprocessor 30 via the fifth resistor R5. The fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are current limiting resistors, and the third resistor R3 is a grounding resistor. To further save cost, the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 can be deleted, that is, the alternating current is directly The live end L of the power supply 10 is connected to one end of the bidirectional LED D2, and the emitter of the photo transistor Q2 is connected to the interrupt pin IP and the detection pin DP of the microprocessor 30. In this embodiment, when the AC power source 10 is turned on, the photocoupler 24 is connected to the AC power source 10 through the fourth resistor R4. When the forward and negative voltages of the AC power source 10 are higher than the voltage drop thereof, the The two-way LED D2 emits light and drives the photo transistor Q2 to be turned on. The emitter of the photo transistor Q2 transmits the state of the AC power source 10 to the interrupt pin IP and the detection pin DP of the microprocessor 30. Please refer to the comparison between the signal waveform 100 of the AC power source 10 and the output signal waveform 300 of the detection circuit 20 and the counter baseband signal waveform 400 in FIG. It is easy to know that during the one cycle of the AC power supply 10, the interrupt pin IP of the microprocessor 30 has three rising edge interrupt trigger signals generated, as shown in Figure 4, segment A, at the microprocessor 30 interrupt pin IP. When the first rising edge interrupt trigger signal is obtained, its detection pin DP goes to high power 11 200923392. At the same time, the internal counter starts and counts the interrupt pin IP at the first-rising-second/the rising edge interrupt trigger. The number of pulses X between the signals, and the number of pulses = stored in the first register; when the microprocessor interrupts the trigger signal on the IP rising edge of the interrupt pin, the internal counter is cleared and the count is restarted. The number of pulses Y between the second rising edge of the pin IP and the third rising interrupt interrupt signal, and the number of pulses Y is stored in the second register, thereby counting back and forth. The state of the AC power source 10 at that time can be obtained by reading the pulse numbers χ, γ in the first and second registers, and comparing the absolute value of the difference with the reference value η and looking up the look-up table. The reference value η needs to take into account the AC frequency error degree. The reference value η is taken as the reference value η = ((1/AC frequency) * error rate) counter fundamental frequency). The absolute value of the difference between the pulse number X and γ in the right first and second registers is zero', then the frequency of the AC power supply 1G has no drift, and the generation formula AC frequency = 1/(2*pulse number* (1/ The counter base frequency)), the frequency of the AC power source 10 can be obtained at this time. If the absolute value of the difference between the pulse numbers X and y in the first and second registers is less than the reference value n, the AC power source 1 has a frequency Drift, the absolute value of the difference between the pulse number 乂 and γ in the right first and second registers is greater than the reference value η', then the AC power supply 1〇 is briefly interrupted or momentarily broken, as shown in Figure 4, section C and C, if The power failure 'The microprocessor 3 interrupt pin has no trigger signal, the counter can not get the number of pulses at this time, so the pulse number 乂 and Υ in the first and second registers are zero, according to the table AC power state The table can be known as the power outage state at this time, as shown in paragraph d of Figure 4. The AC power detecting device can detect the AC 12 200923392. power supply ίο through the detecting circuit 2, and provide the AC power signal to the interrupt pin IP of the microprocessor 30 and Detecting the pin Dp, triggering the internal detection program of the microprocessor through the signal of the interrupt pin IP, performing an instantaneous analysis of the state of the AC power source 10, and providing the analysis result to the feeding device 50, where When the AC power supply is abnormal, the word processor % root ^ micro (4) 30 output analysis results to switch the backup AC power, so that it can continue to work normally when the AC power supply 10 is abnormal. In summary, the invention conforms to the patent requirements of the invention, and is in accordance with the law of the invention. The above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, and the decoration is:::! Any person who makes an equivalent modification or marginalization in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included in the following patent application. [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of an AC power detecting device of the present invention? A circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the detection circuit. = is a circuit diagram of another preferred embodiment of the side circuit of FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of the output signal of the detection circuit and the counter baseband signal of FIG. 2 and FIG. a power supply [main component symbol description] AC power supply 10 microprocessor 30 server 50 first resistor R1 optocoupler 22, 24 debt measurement circuit 2 〇 count base frequency generator 40 first - voltage source Vccl brother a resistor R2 two-way illumination Diode D1, D2 13 200923392 Phototransistor Third Resistor Fifth Resistor Q1, Q2 Second Voltage Source R3 Fourth Resistor R5
Vcc2 R4 14Vcc2 R4 14