200923248 九、發明說明： 關聯發明申請案 本發明申請案係主張於2007年10月11日在日本所提 出之專利申請案特願2 0 0 7 - 2 6 5 3 9 7的優先權，藉由參照其 整體而加以引用以構成本發明申請案之部分。 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種面光源及面光源元件陣列，尤其關 於一種利用點狀光源之光的薄型均勻面光源。再者，本發 明關於使用該面光源元件陣列之液晶顯示裝置等。 【先前技術】 近年來，作爲薄型電視之液晶電視逐漸普及。由於液 晶電視並非自我發光型’具有從背面照射光之必要，背光 (面光源裝置）將成爲必要。須求液晶電視之背光具有大 面積的發光面，並且遍佈前面而亮度均勻。 影像顯示裝置用之背光，可列舉：利用導光板以將配 置於導光板側面之光源的光誘導至正面方向，再利用擴散 片予以均勻化之邊緣光方式；將光源配置於照明面之背面 側’利用擴散片而使光予以均勻化之正下面方式。 由於正下面方式係於裝置之背面具備光源，將有厚度 變厚之傾向，因此，於行動電話或行動電腦、衛星導航等 之要求薄型化的領域中’藉由側面具備光源而能夠實現薄 型化之邊緣光方式爲主流。 另一方面’近年來以電視或個人電腦監視器爲中心， 顯示器之大型化及高亮度化之要求逐漸升高。尤其，隨著 200923248 顯示器之大型化，於上述邊緣光方式中，由於相對於能夠 配置光源之周邊部長度的顯示面積之比例減少，所以光量 將不足而無法得到充分之亮度。另外，於邊緣光方式中’ 也具有隨著顯示器之大型化，導光板之重量將增加之問 題。如此邊緣光方式之情形，因應於近年來顯示器之大型 化、高亮度化的市場要求，逐漸變得困難。 因此，大型顯示器之用途採用以複數個光源所構成的 正下面方式。此方式係從光源所放射之光束比例爲高的， 並且能夠自由地增加光源數。亦即，由於能夠自由地增加 光量，可容易地得到所要求之高亮度。 ,然而，正下面方式之情形，具有解決燈像之消除、薄 型化、省能源之獨特課題的必要。尤其該燈像遠較邊緣光 方式呈現顯著之亮度不均。因此，習知邊緣光方式所習用 之手段，亦即，以在薄膜表面上塗布有擴散材之擴散薄膜 等手段消除燈像爲困難的。 因此，已泛用含有擴散材之擴散片。此方式之情形’ ~ 爲了得到良好之擴散性與光利用效率，可列舉：將無機粒 子或交聯有機微粒與光擴散材摻合於甲基丙烯酸系樹脂' 聚碳酸酯系樹脂、苯乙烯系樹脂、氯乙烯系樹脂等之基材 樹脂中而製作光擴散材之方法。 迄今，作爲光源之光利用效率爲高的，另外使用低成 本之冷陰極管作爲光源使用的背光爲主流。冷陰極管之燈 影藉由擴散片予以擴散而形成均勻的面光源爲可能的。習 知照明裝置係爲了作成均勻之面光源，藉由在光源與擴散 200923248 片之間空出約3 0 m m之間隔’使面光之實現成爲可能。 另一方面’由於近年來進一步之低消耗電力化或顯示 器之顏色再現性的提高之必要，已開發出一種使用紅、綠、 藍之LED而非冷陰極管作爲背光的光源。 然而’此背光情形，使3色光混合的同時，爲了使其 光強度與顏色混合情況予以均句化，使LED之配置面與稜 鏡片之間的空間必須成爲一定値以上，因此，將有背光之 厚度變大之缺點。 f 另外，若欲使靶面接近LED並且使靶面中之光強度予 以均一化的話，必須增加LED數目而增大配置密度。因而， 此情形下，許多LED成爲必要的同時，具有消耗電力將變 大之問題。 於專利文獻1中，揭示一種背光裝置，係具備：在基 體上所配設之複數個發光二極體；於此發光二極體之光射 出側所設置之導光板；及於此發光二極體與導光板之間’ 對向於各發光二極體所設置的光學元件。於此背光裝置 中，將從發光二極體之各色LED晶片所射出的光’經由光 學元件而配合光線之配向圖案而予以擴散’射出光學元件 之光將擴散至整個導光板。 但是，於此背光裝置中，由於各發光元件與光學元件 以成爲1對方式配置，由於成爲各對之光學元件使來自發 光元件之光予以擴散’因此從各自的發光元件所射出之各 色光在射入光學元件之前，予以均勻混合爲不可能的。因 此，於光學元件與導光板之間的空間’必須使各色之光予 200923248 以混合，因此，爲了均勻化，有採取充分空間內之光路長 的必要。結果，光學元件與導光板之空間厚度變得相當大， 不僅無法薄型化，導光板之重量也將增加。 如上所述，習知背光之情形，基於顏色再現性之觀點， 使用紅、綠、藍3色 LED之背光爲優異的，但使用3色 LED之背光之情形，因爲用以均勻化之空間變大，具有決 定犧牲厚度、均勻性或消耗電力中任一種之必要，無法製 作厚度薄且光強度之分布與顏色混合狀況均勻，並且低消 / 耗電力的背光。 爲了解決此問題，於專利文獻2中，揭示一種發光光 源，於透明塑模部之背面設置反射構件，於塑模部之中央 部密封有紅、綠、藍之發光色的發光元件，於反射構件之 中央部附近，隨著朝向外圍，形成有朝向背面側傾斜的反 射區域，另外，於塑模部之光射出面上，設置有傾斜的傾 斜全反射區域。從該紅、綠、藍發光色之發光元件所發出 的光係藉由在傾斜全反射區域予以全反射，進一步在直接 射出區域予以全反射，導向在反射構件上之外圍邊緣，在 反射構件之外圍邊緣加以反射而射向前方。於專利文獻2 中，藉此記載一種使用具有下列特性之發光元件的發光光 源之形成：照射面之光強度與顏色混合情況爲均勻的、厚 度爲薄的、且消耗電力爲小的發光元件。然而，於此發光 光源，由於所有顏色之發光元件皆已固定於中央部而存 在，不僅使面內具均勻亮度困難，爲了使來自中央部所設 置的發光元件之光充分擴散，也必須增厚塑模部。因此， 200923248 即使所謂薄型化，也具有與現在主流的冷陰極管型者同等 或變厚的缺點。 專利文獻1:日本專利特許2003-297127號公報 專利文獻2:日本專利特開2006-148036號公報 【發明內容】 發明欲解決之課頴 因此，本發明之目的在於提供一種能夠即使靶面與發 光元件之配置面之間的厚度爲薄的，也不會發生燈像下， r 於面內發射均勻亮度之光的面光源元件陣列。 本發明之其他目的在於提供一種面光源元件陣列，在 無犧牲厚度、均勻性或消耗電力中任一種之必要下.，，光強 度之分布與顏色之混合情況均勻，並且低消耗電力小。 本發明之另一其他目的在於提供一種面光源元件陣 列，不僅能夠擴大面發光之面積，且能藉由控制獨自面光 源元件，控制每一面積之亮度或顏色。 本發明之其他目的在於提供一種進行均勻面發光的照 < 明裝置或高清晰之影像顯示裝置。 解決課顆之手段 本發明人等係爲了解決上述之課題，發現下列各點而 完成本發明： 第1、關於面光源元件陣列，構成該陣列之各面光源 元件中，藉由將朝向導光體內部而射出光之發光元件配置 於導光體內部而非側面，而從發光元件射出之光的大部分 能夠以於導光體內部全反射之角度入射，並且藉由在導光 -10- 200923248 體部分之側面側或底面側之至少一側配設反射構件，而能 夠將光密閉於導光體內部。然後，進行如此方式，使在導 光體內部所密閉之光均勻地混合，另一方面，藉由存在於 導光體之下側或上側或是其兩者的光控制構件，使其行進 方向改變，從導光體之上面，以均勻光之方式而予以射出。 其結果發現：能夠使來自面光源元件陣列之各構成單位的 各個面光源元件之光射出，從面光源元件陣列整面，射出 極均勻之光。 r' 第2、關於上述之面光源元件，並無必要將發光元件 必定配置於導光體.中央，例如發現：藉由將複數個發光元 件配置於適當位置，即使配設複數個發光元件，每個發光 元件分別進行均勻之面發光。再者也發現：使用紅、綠、 藍之發光元件之情形，於該面光源元件內部，使各色予以 均句混色爲可能的，只要使用紅、綠、藍之發光元件，就 能具有高精彩性之面光源。 基於上述之探討結果所完成之本發明係配列有複數個 1 面光源元件，而該面光源元件係具備：導光體；在該導光 體之內部所配設的至少一個發光元件；在該導光體之上面 或底面的至少一面所配設的光控制構件；及在該導光體之 側面側或底面側的至少一側所配設的反射構件；而從該發 光元件所射出的光之7成以上係以在導光體之內部進行全 反射之角度射入，該反射構件係經由反射而使光返回導光 體內部的方式來予以設定，並且，該光控制構件係使反射 光之行進方向變更，向導光體之外部射出的方式來予以設 -11- 200923248 定。 該面光源元件之情形，於面光源元件主要面之上方 5 m m設置具有霧度値9 〇 %之擴散性能的擴散構件的同時， 也使面光源元件內部之一個發光元件亮燈之情形下，與面 光源元件的亮度之中，最明亮的亮度作比較，以亮度之降 低爲1成以內的面積爲面光源元件主要面之6成以上。 另外，該面光源元件可以發色光之複數個不同的點狀 光源作爲發光元件，也可以紅、藍與綠之3色發光二極體 作爲發光元件。另外，面光源元件內之各發光元件間的距 離可爲發光元件之直徑的約2〜5倍。 本發明係包含在該面光源元件陣列之光射出側設置穿 透型顯示元件的影像顯示裝置。於該影像顯示裝置中，可 於面光源元件陣列與穿透型顯示元件之間，設置至少一個 光學構件。 〔發明之效果〕 於本發明中’使發光元件存在於導光體之內部的同 ； 時’也藉由利用反射構件包圍導光體，不僅提高光利用效 率’光於導光體之內部被反射，也能夠將光均等分散，故 能夠得到均勻之面光源。再者，爲了混合光所需之光路長， 由於能夠利用導光體內部之反射，而能夠實現習知困難之 面光源元件的薄型化。 再者，藉由使導光體部分之形狀予以改變，不僅能夠 得到任意形狀之面光源發光元件，且藉由組合面光源元 件，能夠得到進行均勻面發光之任意之大小或形狀之面光 -12- 200923248 源元件陣列。 而且，由於使面光源元件單獨地進行均勻之面發光， 在配列複數個如此面光源元件之面光源元件陣列中，可擴 大進行面發光之面積，同時可藉由獨自控制各個面光源元 件，控制每個區域之亮度或顔色。 在該揭示之發光元件爲發色光之不同的點狀光源之情 形時，藉由組合光源，不僅可射出單一顏色或白色，也能 射出任意之顏色。藉此，使顯示器中之重要的色純度提高、 ^ 可使特定顏色發色。 再者，將穿透型顯示元件設置於本發明之面光源元件 陣列，不僅能夠兼顧大畫面化及薄型化，也能夠得到高精 彩、高對比、低消耗電力之影像顯示裝置。 另外’藉由於面光源元件與穿透型顯示元件之間設置 光學構件’使光利用效率將進一步提高、視野角特性之調 整' 面內亮度分布之調整將成爲可能。 由於本發明藉參照附隨圖式之以下適宜之實施形態的 說明’得以更明瞭地理解。然而’實施例及圖式只是用以 圖示及說明’並非爲了決定本發明之範圍而利用。本發明 之範圍係根據附隨申請專利範圍所決定。圖式係按照所需 一定地比例尺而示，爲了顯示本發明之原理，而誇張化者。 另外’於附隨圖式中’複數個圖式中之相同的構件編號係 顯示相同部分。 【實施方式】 〔實施發明的最佳形態〕 以下’依照第1圖，詳細說明本發明之實施形態。第 200923248 1圖係用以說明本發明之面光源元件陣列之一形態的圖 形，顯示面光源元件陣列之俯視圖；第2圖係顯示面光源 元件之俯視圖。另外，第3圖係沿著第2圖之III 一 III線， 顯示與一面光源元件之主要面垂直的剖面圖。如第1圖所 示，面光源元件陣列係2次元配列複數個面光源元件5而 形成，正方形之各面光源元件5係相互連接地配列。尙且， 由於面光源元件5係將發光元件2配設於透明導光體1之 內部，因此能夠通過導光體1而辨識發光元件2，具體而 言，如第2圖所示，發光元件2係紅色發光元件2 a、藍色 發光元件2b、及二個綠色發光元件2c所構成。 另外，如第3圖所示，各面光源元件5具備：該導光 體1、於導光體1之側面周圍全部及底面所配設之反射構 件3、於導光體1之底面之一部分切取的空洞所配設之發 光元件2。另外，於第3圖之面光源元件上方，即光射出 面側，藉由框體支撐未圖示之液晶面板6而形成影像顯示 裝置。各LED之發光角度特性係將平行於導光體1之主要 面的方向設爲〇度，並將有反射構件形成之側設爲-，未 形成之方向則設爲+時，光將於-3 0 °〜+ 4 5 °之間行進。 如第3圖所示，從發光元件2所射出的光係於導光體1內 邊全反射一邊行進，若光射入光控制構件4之微小突起部 時，將產生脫離進行全反射之條件的光，並從導光體1之 上面射出。 (導光體） 相對於可見光之波長，導光體1較佳爲透明的，所謂 -14- 200923248 透明，材質可以爲有機材料（例如，熱可 化性樹脂、光硬化性樹脂等）、無機材料 中任一種。有機材料之一例，可列舉：（ 樹脂、（甲基）丙烯酸-苯乙烯系共聚合樹 脂、芳香族乙烯系樹脂、烯烴系樹脂、乙大 ίΚα樹日、氯乙稀系樹脂、乙嫌醋系樹脂、 氟系樹脂、胺甲酸酯樹脂、矽氧烷樹脂、 亞fe：系樹S曰、聚醋系樹脂、環氧樹脂、酌 脂、三聚氰胺樹脂等。此等材料之中，較 烯酸樹脂或聚碳酸酯樹脂、玻璃等。 基於減少可見光波長之光傳播時之j 如，如此導光體之折射率較佳約爲i .48〜 1 .50 〜1 .60。 爲了將面光源元件陣列予以2次元配 爲具有通夠組合成瓦片狀之形態。例如， 狀之形態，可列舉：3角形、4角形、5角 多角形。雖也能夠組合不同的形狀而使用 之觀點，大多使用相同形狀之導光體。 另外，於導光體中，爲了將發光元件 切取底面之部分而形成空洞部分。如此之 用射出成形、壓縮成形、轉移成形等習知 直接成形，也可以使用旋轉盤等而切削既 而成。 (反射構件） 塑性樹脂、熱硬 (例如，玻璃等） 甲基）丙烯酸系 脂、苯乙烯系樹 希-醋酸乙烯系共 聚碳酸酯樹脂、 酿胺系樹脂、醯 系樹脂、尿素樹 佳爲（甲基）丙 賢失之觀點，例 1 . 6 2，更佳約爲 置，導光體較佳 能夠組合成瓦片 形、6角形等之 ，但基於製造上 密封於其內部’ 空洞部分可以利 或慣用之方法而 定形狀之成形物 200923248 相對於導光體1之主要面，於側面側或底面側之至少 一側配設有反射構件3。藉由反射構件3，僅從相對於導光 體之主要面之上面，即僅於一定區間，可使光朝向一定方 向射出。反射構件3可由與側面側、底面側相同材質形成， 也可由不同的材質形成。 例如’側面側之反射構件3 a較佳爲不使光從導光體1 與反射構件3相接近的部分射出之方式來進行正反射的材 質。例如，如此之材質可以單獨使用金屬片，也可以在由 /.. ' 烯烴系樹脂等所形成的樹脂成形品上被覆或蒸鍍金屬等而 使用。還有’將雙面反射之反射構件使用於側面側之情形， 可在其反射構件對向之面光源元件的側面側，省略反射構 件之配設。 另一方面，導光體1之底面側的反射構件3 b可以爲具 正反射、擴散反射性質中任一者之材質。進行正反射之材 質係與該側面側之反射構件3 a同樣之構件；進行擴散反射 , 之材質係可使用擴散性高的白色樹脂成形品等作爲反射構 件。 如此之反射構件3最好按照於材質而對導光體1適當 加以配設’例如’對於導光體1 ’可以使用黏著材而貼合， 也可以經由蒸鍍而對於導光體1直接形成。另外，也可以 隔著空氣層而予以配設。 (發光元件） 發光元件2並未特別限定’只要將射出的光之7成以 上於導光體內部可進行全反射之角度射入即可，例如，具 -16- 200923248 有如此光射出性之發光元件可列舉：側面射出型發光二極 體（LED)等。 另外’即使非側面射出型發光二極體，也可藉由在發 光元件之上部形成光之反射構件、擴散構件、吸收構件等， 形成如能從發光元件所射出之光的7成以上在導光體內部 進行全反射之構造。 基於得到均勻面發光之觀點，發光元件2可以爲光不 朝向相對於導光體1之主要面成垂直方向射出的光源，從 發光元件所射出的光之中，射入導光體內部進行全反射之 角度之光必須爲7成以上，較佳爲7.5成以上，進一步更 佳爲8成以上。 ， 相對於一個導光體，雖發光元件可以僅設置一個，也 可以設置複數個（例如，2〜4個，較佳爲3〜4個），但 基於提高液晶顯示裝置之顏色再現性之觀點，面光源元件 較佳爲具有將複數個發色光之不同的點狀光源作爲發光元 件。再者，基於低消耗電力之觀點，較佳爲將LED作爲發 光元件使用，於一個導光體中，較佳爲設置至少各一個紅、 藍、綠之3色LED。 基於得到在面內之均勻發光之觀點，於導光體1中之 發光元件2的位置較佳爲不過度接近於導光體之邊緣。例 如，發光元件從最接近之導光體之側面，較佳爲分離發光 元件直徑之1/4以上，更佳爲直徑之1/3以上’進一步更 佳爲直徑之1 /2以上，尤以分離約直徑之1 /1〜3 /2以上特 別理想。 200923248 另一方面，於導光體之內部設置複數個發光元件之情 形’基於經由反射而均勻混合從發光元件所射出的光之觀 點’各發光元件之配設位置較佳爲不要太接近。例如，各 發光兀件間之距離（連結各發光元件中心點之距離）較佳 約爲發光元件之直徑的2〜5倍，更佳約爲2 · 5〜4 5倍，進 一步更佳約爲3〜4倍。 (光控制構件） < 藉由設置於導光體1之上部或下部或是其兩側之光控 制構件’於導光體1之內部，變更重複全反射之光行進方 向。而且，產生無法全反射之導光體1內部之角度的光， 並自導光體1上面射出。 光控制構件並未特別限定’只要可使在導光體內進行 全反射之光行進方向予以變更’並具有從導光體將光射出 之性質即可’而能夠使用習知或慣用之光控制構件。例如， 光控制構件可以爲在導光體之底面所配設之微小突起構 件’另外，複數個凸部也可以爲將其頂部連接於導光體之 射出面（亦即上面）側所配設之連接凸構件。另外，也可 爲藉由將散射反射性墨水印刷於導光體之底面所形成的散 射反射構件等。此等之光控制構件能夠單獨地或組合而使 用。 例如’將微小突起構件作爲光控制構件使用之情形， 如第3圖所示’光控制構件4係將以一定間隔所突起之複 數個微小突起部將配設於導光體1之底面。該突起部之形 狀、大小、密度等未特別限定’只要能夠從反射角度變更 -18- 200923248 全反射光之行進方向即可，例如，突起部之形狀可列舉： 球形之部分、橢圓球形之部分、多角錐形（例如，三角錐 形、四角錐形等）、不定形等之形狀。另外，突起部之基 底部的大小較佳約爲50〜3000μιη，更佳約爲100〜 200 〇μπι。另外，相對於基底部之寬度的突起部之高度較佳 約爲突起部/基底部=1 /2 0〜1 / 1，更佳約爲1 /1 5〜2 / 3。 該揭示之微小突起部係被配設於相對於導光部分之主 要面之上面或下面或其兩面，變更進行該導光體部分之光 行進方向’脫離全反射條件而進行從導光體部分之上面取 出光之工作。針對突起部，藉由控制所配設之位置、個數、 大小、，形狀’能夠使從面內各部分所發出的光之亮度得以 均等而得到無不均之面光源的同時，也可控制光之擴散。 突起部之密度，例如，相對於光控制構件之主要面 1 0 m m2 ,各突起部之基底部的總面積較佳約爲〇 _ 5〜5 m m2 ’ 更佳約爲1〜4mm2。若微小突起部之密度過高時，發光元 件之周圍容易變得明亮；若過低時，面內之亮度容易變得 不均句 。 另外’將連接凸部材作爲光控制構件使用之情形，如 第4圖所示，光控制構件4係在至少一部分以均勻地具有 含曲面之複數個凸部的連接凸部材之凸部緊貼於導光體1 上面之狀態方式所配設的。該凸部之形狀、大小、密度等 並未予以特別限定’只要能夠從反射角度變更全反射光之 行進方向即可，例如，凸部之形狀可以爲1次元配置之雙 凸透鏡狀’也可以爲2次元配置之透鏡陣列型或微透鏡陣 200923248 列型。 通常，該揭示之連接凸部係相對於導光體之主要面而 配設於上面，且改變該導光體部分之光的行進方向，脫離 全反射條件而進行從導光體部分之上面取出光之工作。 微小突起部材或連接凸部材之製作方法，能夠使用習 知之方法，例如’可以使用模具，也可與導光體一體爲射 出成型後而形成，也可以將凹凸形狀轉印至光硬化性樹 脂，形成片狀的突起面之後，隔著適當之黏著層而與導光 體1相貼合。 還有，如第3圖所示，在導光體1之底面配設有光控 制構件4之情形，導光體1之底面側的反射構件3並不與 導光體1相連接，通常形成於導光體1之下方。另一方面， 如第4圖所示’在導光體1之上面配設有光控制構件4之 情形，導光體1之底面側的反射構件3多爲與導光體1連 接而形成。 (面光源元件及面光源元件陣列） 面光源元件之大小並未特別限定，只要能夠面發光即 可，例如，主要面之面積較佳約爲1 c m2〜1 0 0 c m2，更佳約 爲 5cm2〜80cm2 ° 另外，該面光源元件係將具有霧度値9 0 %之擴散性能 的擴散構件設置於面光源元件主要面之上方5 m m的同時’ 也使面光源元件內部之一個發光元件予以亮燈之情形下’ 與面光源元件之亮度中最明亮的亮度作比較，以亮度之降 低爲1成以內的面積爲面光源元件主要面之6成以上較 -20 - 200923248 佳，更佳爲6.5成以上，進一步更佳爲7成以上。 必要時，面光源元件陣列可以僅以相同發光特性之面 光源元件而構成，也可以組合具不同發光特性之面光源元 件而使用。以相同發光特性之面光源元件構成之情形，即 使大型化也能夠得到在面內進行均勻發光之面光源元件陣 列。另外，組合具不同發光特性的面光源元件之情形，藉 由獨自控制各面光源元件，能夠控制各面光源元件陣列每 單位面積之亮度或顏色。 f . 於本發明所用之面光源元件中，由於從發光元件所射 出之光將於單一面光源元件內部細密分散而從面光源元件 之射出面射出，於組合複數個面光源元件之面光源元件陣 列中’即使增大發光面積，也能夠從面光源元件陣列整面 射出於面光源元件內部已細密均勻分散的光，其結果，即 使爲薄型，也能夠形成光強度之分布爲均勻的面光源元件 陣列。 於進行如此方式所得到的面光源元件陣列中，即使正 下面方式也能達到薄型化，例如，從發光元件之底部起直 到靶面（亦即’穿透型顯示元件）之光射出側爲止的距離 較佳約爲5〜15mm，更佳爲13mm以下，進一步更佳爲l〇mm 以下。 (影像顯示裝置） 本發明之影像顯示裝置能夠藉由將穿透型顯示元件設 置於該面光源元件陣列之光射出側而得到。例如，在第2 圖之導光體1之上方載置有液晶面板等之穿透型顯示元件 200923248 5。本發明之影像顯示裝置（尤其，液晶顯 爲薄型也能夠具有均勻亮度，並且能夠具 將紅色、藍色及綠色之LED作爲發光元件 使具低消耗電力，也可提供一種具優越之 品質的影像顯示裝置。 另外，必要時，可以於面光源元件或 列與穿透型顯示元件之間配設光學構件， 一步調節面光源元件之亮度或面內亮度均 之光學構件可使用習知或習用之光學片， 使光聚集之稜鏡片、擴散光之擴散片、控 離片等。 (實施例） 以下，利用實施例以進一步具體說明 發明並不受此等實施例所限定。 (面光源元件之面內亮度分布） 於導光體之5mm上方，配設具有霧度 能的擴散片。將到達發光元件個別亮燈時 量亮度分布作成2 5 6階調之亮度資料而予 目視以評估其影像。導光體之邊緣部分與 亮度幾無差異’將顯示均勻面發光之情形 體之邊緣部分與中央部分之間的亮度產生 均勻面發光情形設爲不良。 <實施例1 > 如第5圖所示’爲了在邊長40mm正 示裝置），即使 有高對比。尤其 使用之情形，即 顏色再現性、高 是面光源元件陣 藉此，也可以進 勻性。具代表性 例如，可列舉·_ 制偏光之偏光分 本發明，但是本 値9 0 %之擴散性 之擴散構件的光 以影像化，經由 中央部分之間的 設爲良好；導光 差異，將未顯示 方形、厚度5 m m -22- 200923248 者配設發光元件，利用聚甲基丙烯酸酯樹脂製作貫穿有三 個直徑6mm之洞的導光體1。導光體1之上面爲平坦的， 於底面配設有光控制構件4，其於第6圖所示之位置存在 3 6 1個直徑1 mm半球形狀。而且，在導光體1之側面側與 底面側上配設有正反射構件3。接著，於導光體之內部， 具作爲發光元件2之Lumileds公司之側面發光型的紅色 LED —個、綠色LED二個、藍色LED —個，如第5圖所示， 將二個綠色LED配置於正方形導光體之對角線上，分別將 ' 紅色LED與藍色LED配置於正方形導光體之對角線上。分 別將作爲發光元件之紅、綠、藍色LED亮燈時’在面光源 元件面內之亮度分布爲良好。因而，使用如此面光源元件 之面光源元件陣列能夠進行均勻之面內發光。 <實施例2 > 如第7圖所示，爲了在邊長40mm正方形、厚度5mm 者配設發光元件，利用聚甲基丙烯酸酯樹脂製作貫穿有三 個直徑6mm之洞的導光體1。藉由黏著劑，將賦有2萬個 直徑200μηι、深度20μηι之微小凹凸的光學片貼附於導光體 之底面。藉由黏著劑而將可進行正反射的薄膜貼合於導光 體1之側面，於下面，隔著空氣層而配置同樣的正反射薄 膜。發光元件係分別將Lumileds公司之側面發光型的紅、 綠、藍之LED各一個配置於在導光體所形成的洞中，爲了 消除LED中脫離全反射條件之角度的光，將具擴散性之反 射構件載置於L E D上部。 將具有霧度値90 %之擴散性能的擴散片設置於面光源 -23 - 200923248 元件主要面之上方5mm的同時，亮燈一個綠色LED之情 形，最明亮部分的亮度爲225 Ocd/m2，7成以上之導光體面 積中売度顯不較2000cd/m2大而進行著均勻之面發光。 個別將作爲發光元件之紅、綠、藍色LED亮燈時，在 面光源元件面內之亮度分布爲良好。因而，由於面光源元 件之邊緣部分與中央部分的亮度相同，所以使用如此面光 源元件之面光源元件陣列能夠進行均勻之面內發光。 另外，藉由同時亮燈LED之3色，將形成白色。亦即， 整體具幾乎相同的亮度分布，由於平穩之亮度變化，亮點 不會被觀察到，面內相對最大亮度的最小亮度之比爲 0.66。另外，擴散板上之色度座標，整體上白色偏異爲少 的，於色度座標（X，Y )中，最大値與最小値之差（AX， ΔΥ ) =(0.0179，0.02 2 0 )。 <實施例3 > 如第8圖所示，爲了在邊長4〇mm正方形、厚度5mm 者配設發光元件，利用聚甲基丙烯酸酯樹脂製作貫穿三個 i 直徑6mm之洞的導光體1的同時，除了分別將Lumileds 公司之側面發光型的白色LED各一個作爲發光元件，配置 於在導光體所形成的洞以外’進行與實施例2相同之方 式，3處同時亮燈白色LED。於面光源元件主要面之上方 5 mm所設置的擴散片中，在面光源元件面內之亮度分布爲 良好。因而，由於面光源元件之邊緣部分與中央部分的亮 度相同，因此使用如此面光源元件之面光源元件陣列能夠 進行均句之面內發光。 -24- 200923248 還有，取代白色之LED ’將紅、綠、藍3色之LED配 置於3處之洞內，同時亮燈此等LED之情形，中央部之亮 度分布較周邊部爲高，面內相對最大亮度的最小亮度之比 爲0.59。另外，擴散板上之色度座標係於配置有LED之附 近的顏色變化將變大，於色度座標（X，Y)中，最大値與 最小値之差係（ΔΧ，AY) = (〇.〇262，0.0364)。 如上所述，隨著參照圖式，說明本發明之適合的實施 形態，但是於不脫離本發明主旨之範圍內，各種之追加、 變更或刪除爲可能的，如此之內容也包含於本發明之範圍 內。 【圖式簡，單說明】 第1圖係放大本發明第1實施形態之面光源元件陣列 一部分的槪念圖。 第2圖係顯示本發明第1實施形態所用之面光源元件 的槪念圖。 第3圖係顯示本發明第1實施形態所用之面光源元件 剖面構造的槪念圖。 第4圖係顯示本發明第2實施形態所用之面光源元件 剖面構造的槪念圖。 第5圖（a )係顯示本發明實施例丨所用之面光源元件 的俯視圖，（b )係其剖面圖。 第6圖係顯示本發明實施例1所用之光控制構件的俯 視圖。 第7圖（a )係顯示本發明實施例2所用之面光源元件 -25 - 200923248 的俯 視 圖 ( b ) 第 8 圖 ( a ) 的俯 視 圖 ， ( b ) 【主 要 元 件 符 號 1 導 光 體 2 發 光 元 件 2 a 紅 色 發 光 2b 藍 色 發 光 2c 綠 色 發 光 3 反 射 構 件 3 a 反 射 構 件 3b 反 射 構 件 4 光 控 制 構 5 面 光 源 元 6 液 晶 面 板 係其剖面圖。 係顯示本發明實施例 係其剖面圖。 說明】 元件 元件 元件 件 件 3所用之面光源元件 -26 -200923248 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: RELATED APPLICATIONS The present application claims the priority of the patent application No. 2 0 7 7 - 2 6 5 3 9 7 filed on October 11, 2007 in Japan. Reference is made to the entirety thereof to form part of the application of the present invention. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to an array of surface light sources and surface light source elements, and more particularly to a thin uniform surface light source utilizing light from a point source. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device or the like using the array of surface light source elements. [Prior Art] In recent years, LCD TVs as thin televisions have become popular. Since the liquid crystal television is not self-illuminating type, it is necessary to illuminate the light from the back side, and a backlight (surface light source device) will be necessary. It is required that the backlight of the LCD TV has a large-area light-emitting surface and is uniform throughout the front. The backlight for the image display device includes an edge light method in which the light guided by the light source disposed on the side surface of the light guide plate is induced to the front direction by the light guide plate, and is uniformized by the diffusion sheet; and the light source is disposed on the back side of the illumination surface. 'The following method uses the diffusion sheet to homogenize the light. Since the light source has a light source on the back surface of the device, the thickness tends to be thick. Therefore, in a field where thinning is required for mobile phones, mobile computers, satellite navigation, etc., it is possible to reduce the thickness by providing a light source on the side. The edge light mode is the mainstream. On the other hand, in recent years, the demand for the increase in size and brightness of displays has been increasing, centering on televisions or personal computer monitors. In particular, with the increase in the size of the display of the 200923248, in the edge light method, the ratio of the display area to the length of the peripheral portion where the light source can be disposed is reduced, so that the amount of light is insufficient and sufficient brightness cannot be obtained. In addition, in the edge light mode, the weight of the light guide plate increases as the size of the display increases. In the case of such an edge light method, it has become difficult in recent years due to the market demand for large-scale and high-brightness displays. Therefore, the use of a large display employs a method in which a plurality of light sources are formed. In this way, the proportion of the light beam emitted from the light source is high, and the number of light sources can be freely increased. That is, since the amount of light can be freely increased, the desired high brightness can be easily obtained. However, in the case of the following method, it is necessary to solve the unique problem of eliminating, thinning, and energy saving of the lamp image. In particular, the lamp image exhibits significant brightness unevenness compared to the edge light mode. Therefore, it is difficult to eliminate the lamp image by means of a conventional edge light method, that is, a method of coating a diffusing film coated with a diffusing material on the surface of the film. Therefore, a diffusion sheet containing a diffusion material has been widely used. In the case of this method, in order to obtain good diffusibility and light use efficiency, inorganic particles or crosslinked organic fine particles and a light diffusing material are blended in a methacrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, and styrene. A method of producing a light-diffusing material from a base resin such as a resin or a vinyl chloride resin. Heretofore, as a light source, the light utilization efficiency is high, and a backlight using a low-cost cold cathode tube as a light source is mainly used. It is possible that the shadow of the cold cathode tube is diffused by the diffusion sheet to form a uniform surface light source. Conventional illumination devices enable the realization of surface light by creating a uniform surface source by vacating an interval of about 30 m between the source and the diffusion 200923248. On the other hand, a light source using red, green, and blue LEDs instead of a cold cathode tube as a backlight has been developed as a result of further reduction in power consumption in recent years or improvement in color reproducibility of displays. However, in this case of backlighting, in order to mix the three colors of light, in order to make the light intensity and color mixing uniform, the space between the arrangement surface of the LED and the cymbal must be more than a certain level, so there will be a backlight. The disadvantage of the thickness becoming larger. f In addition, if the target surface is to be brought close to the LED and the light intensity in the target surface is made uniform, the number of LEDs must be increased to increase the arrangement density. Therefore, in this case, many LEDs become necessary, and there is a problem that power consumption will become large. Patent Document 1 discloses a backlight device comprising: a plurality of light-emitting diodes disposed on a substrate; a light guide plate disposed on a light-emitting side of the light-emitting diode; and the light-emitting diode The optical element disposed between the body and the light guide plate opposite to each of the light emitting diodes. In this backlight device, the light emitted from the LED chips of the respective LEDs of the light-emitting diode is diffused by the alignment pattern of the light via the optical element. The light that is emitted from the optical element is diffused to the entire light guide plate. However, in this backlight device, since each of the light-emitting elements and the optical element is arranged in a pair, the light from the light-emitting elements is diffused by the pair of optical elements, so the respective color lights emitted from the respective light-emitting elements are It is impossible to uniformly mix the optical components before they are injected. Therefore, the space between the optical element and the light guide plate must be mixed with the light of each color to 200923248. Therefore, in order to achieve uniformity, it is necessary to take a long optical path in a sufficient space. As a result, the space thickness of the optical element and the light guide plate becomes considerably large, and not only cannot be thinned, but the weight of the light guide plate also increases. As described above, in the case of the conventional backlight, the backlight using the red, green, and blue LEDs is excellent based on the color reproducibility, but the backlight of the three-color LED is used because the space for uniformization becomes Large, it is necessary to determine any of sacrificial thickness, uniformity, or power consumption, and it is impossible to produce a backlight having a thin thickness, uniform light intensity distribution and color mixing, and low power consumption/power consumption. In order to solve this problem, Patent Document 2 discloses an illuminating light source in which a reflecting member is provided on the back surface of a transparent mold portion, and a light-emitting element of red, green, and blue luminescent colors is sealed in a central portion of the mold portion for reflection. In the vicinity of the center portion of the member, a reflection region that is inclined toward the back side is formed toward the outer periphery, and an inclined total reflection region is provided on the light exit surface of the mold portion. The light emitted from the red, green and blue illuminating elements is totally reflected in the oblique total reflection region, further totally reflected in the direct exit region, and guided to the peripheral edge on the reflective member, in the reflective member The peripheral edge is reflected and directed forward. Patent Document 2 describes the formation of a light-emitting source using a light-emitting element having the following characteristics: a light-emitting element in which the light intensity and the color of the light-emitting surface are uniform, the thickness is thin, and the power consumption is small. However, in this illuminating light source, since all the light-emitting elements of the color are fixed to the central portion, it is difficult to have uniform brightness in the surface, and it is necessary to thicken the light from the light-emitting element provided at the central portion. Molding department. Therefore, 200923248 has the disadvantage of being equal to or thicker than the current mainstream cold cathode tube type even if it is thinned. Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-297127 (Patent Document 2) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei No. No. 2006-148036. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a target surface and illumination. The thickness between the arrangement faces of the components is thin, and the array of surface light source elements that emit light of uniform brightness in the plane does not occur. Another object of the present invention is to provide an array of surface light source elements which is uniform in the distribution of light intensity and color without any sacrifice in thickness, uniformity, or power consumption, and which has low power consumption. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an array of surface light source elements which can not only enlarge the area of surface light emission, but also control the brightness or color of each area by controlling the light source elements on the surface alone. Another object of the present invention is to provide a photo of uniform surface illumination < Ming device or high definition image display device. Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention have found the following points to complete the present invention: First, regarding an array of surface light source elements, each of the surface light source elements constituting the array is guided by light. The light-emitting element that emits light inside the body is disposed inside the light guide body instead of the side surface, and most of the light emitted from the light-emitting element can be incident at an angle of total reflection inside the light guide body, and by guiding light at -10- 200923248 A reflecting member is disposed on at least one of the side surface side and the bottom surface side of the body portion, and light can be sealed inside the light guiding body. Then, in such a manner, the light enclosed inside the light guide body is uniformly mixed, and on the other hand, the light traveling control member existing on the lower side or the upper side of the light guide body or both thereof is used to make the traveling direction thereof. Change, from the top of the light guide, emit it in the form of uniform light. As a result, it was found that light from each of the surface light source elements of each constituent unit of the surface light source element array can be emitted, and extremely uniform light can be emitted from the entire surface of the surface light source element array. r' second, regarding the above-mentioned surface light source element, it is not necessary to arrange the light-emitting element in the center of the light guide body. For example, it has been found that, by arranging a plurality of light-emitting elements at appropriate positions, even if a plurality of light-emitting elements are disposed, Each of the light-emitting elements performs uniform surface illumination. In addition, it is also found that in the case of using red, green and blue light-emitting elements, it is possible to mix colors of the respective colors in the surface light source element, and it is possible to have high-quality photos by using red, green and blue light-emitting elements. Sexual light source. The present invention, which is based on the above findings, is provided with a plurality of one-surface light source elements, and the surface light source elements are provided with: a light guide; at least one light-emitting element disposed inside the light guide; a light control member disposed on at least one surface of the upper surface or the bottom surface of the light guide; and a reflection member disposed on at least one side of the side surface side or the bottom surface side of the light guide body; and light emitted from the light emitting element 70% or more of the light is incident at a total reflection angle inside the light guide body, and the reflection member is set such that the light is returned to the inside of the light guide body by reflection, and the light control member causes the light to be reflected The direction of travel is changed, and the way to guide the outside of the light body is set to -11-200923248. In the case of the surface light source element, a diffusion member having a diffusion property of haze 値9 〇% is disposed 5 mm above the main surface of the surface light source element, and a light-emitting element inside the surface light source element is also turned on. Among the luminances of the surface light source elements, the brightest luminance is compared, and the area within which the luminance is reduced by 1% is 60% or more of the main surface of the surface light source element. Further, the surface light source element may use a plurality of different point light sources that emit color light as the light-emitting elements, or may use three-color light-emitting diodes of red, blue and green as the light-emitting elements. Further, the distance between the respective light-emitting elements in the surface light source element may be about 2 to 5 times the diameter of the light-emitting element. The present invention includes an image display device in which a transmissive display element is provided on a light exit side of the surface light source element array. In the image display device, at least one optical member may be disposed between the surface light source element array and the transmissive display element. [Effects of the Invention] In the present invention, 'the same time when the light-emitting element is present inside the light guide body; when the light guide body is surrounded by the reflection member, the light utilization efficiency is improved not only by the light inside the light guide body The reflection can also evenly distribute the light, so that a uniform surface light source can be obtained. Further, in order to lengthen the optical path required for the light to be mixed, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the surface light source element which is difficult to use by utilizing the reflection inside the light guide. Further, by changing the shape of the light guide portion, not only a surface light source light-emitting element having an arbitrary shape can be obtained, but also a surface light of any size or shape for uniform surface light emission can be obtained by combining the surface light source elements - 12- 200923248 Source component array. Moreover, since the surface light source elements are individually and uniformly surface-emitted, in the surface light source element array in which a plurality of such surface light source elements are arranged, the area of the surface light emission can be enlarged, and each surface light source element can be controlled by controlling each surface light source individually. The brightness or color of each area. When the disclosed light-emitting elements are in the form of point light sources of different color light, by combining the light sources, it is possible to emit not only a single color or white but also an arbitrary color. Thereby, the important color purity in the display is improved, and the specific color can be colored. Further, by providing the transmissive display element in the surface light source element array of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a high-definition, high-contrast, low-power-consumption video display device, not only in terms of large screen size and thinning. Further, by providing the optical member between the surface light source element and the transmissive display element, the light use efficiency is further improved, and the adjustment of the viewing angle characteristic is adjusted. The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of the preferred embodiments of the accompanying drawings. However, the illustrations and the drawings are merely for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims. The drawings are shown in a scale that is required to be exaggerated in order to show the principles of the invention. Further, the same component numbers in the plural figures in the accompanying drawings show the same parts. [Embodiment] [Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on Fig. 1 . 200923248 1 is a plan view showing one form of the surface light source element array of the present invention, showing a plan view of the array of surface light source elements; and Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the surface light source elements. Further, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of Fig. 2, perpendicular to the main surface of one of the light source elements. As shown in Fig. 1, the surface light source element array is formed by arranging a plurality of surface light source elements 5 in two dimensions, and the square surface light source elements 5 are arranged in series with each other. Further, since the surface light source element 5 is disposed inside the transparent light guide 1 by the light source element 5, the light-emitting element 2 can be recognized by the light guide 1, specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the light-emitting element The two-system red light-emitting element 2a, the blue light-emitting element 2b, and the two green light-emitting elements 2c are formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, each of the surface light source elements 5 includes the light guide body 1, the reflection member 3 disposed on the entire circumference of the side surface of the light guide body 1 and the bottom surface, and a portion of the bottom surface of the light guide body 1. The light-emitting element 2 disposed in the cut cavity. Further, on the light-emitting surface side of the surface light source element of Fig. 3, the liquid crystal panel 6 (not shown) is supported by the frame to form an image display device. The light-emitting angle characteristic of each LED is set to be parallel to the direction of the main surface of the light guide 1, and the side on which the reflective member is formed is set to -, and the direction in which the unformed direction is set to +, the light will be - Travel between 3 0 °~+ 4 5 °. As shown in Fig. 3, the light emitted from the light-emitting element 2 travels while being totally reflected inside the light guide 1, and when light enters the minute projection of the light control member 4, the condition for causing the total reflection is released. The light is emitted from the top of the light guide 1. (Light Guide) The light guide 1 is preferably transparent with respect to the wavelength of visible light, and the so-called -14-200923248 is transparent, and the material may be an organic material (for example, a heat-curable resin, a photo-curable resin, etc.), or inorganic. Any of the materials. Examples of the organic material include: (resin, (meth)acrylic acid-styrene copolymerization resin, aromatic vinyl resin, olefin resin, acetyl sulfate, vinyl chloride resin, and vinegar) Resin, fluorine-based resin, urethane resin, decane resin, sub-fe: sap, vinegar resin, epoxy resin, glycerin resin, etc. Among these materials, olefinic acid Resin or polycarbonate resin, glass, etc. Based on the light propagation at the wavelength of visible light, for example, the refractive index of the light guide body is preferably about i.48 to 1.50 to 1.60. The array is configured in such a manner that it is combined into a tile shape. For example, the shape of the shape may be a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, or a polygonal shape of a five-corner shape. A light guide body having the same shape is used. Further, in the light guide body, a cavity portion is formed in order to cut a portion of the bottom surface of the light-emitting element. Such a conventional direct molding such as injection molding, compression molding, or transfer molding may be used. (Reflection member) Plastic resin, thermosetting (for example, glass, etc.) Methyl) acrylate, styrene-based-vinyl acetate-based copolycarbonate resin, urethane resin, lanthanide The resin and the urea tree are preferably (meth) cymbal, and the example is 1.6. Preferably, the light guide is preferably combined into a tile shape, a hexagonal shape, etc., but is sealed based on the manufacture. The molded article 200923248 having a shape in which the cavity portion can be favorably or conventionally used is provided with a reflection member 3 on at least one side of the side surface side or the bottom surface side with respect to the main surface of the light guide body 1. By the reflection member 3, light can be emitted in a certain direction only from the upper surface of the main surface of the light guide, i.e., only in a certain interval. The reflection member 3 may be formed of the same material as the side surface side and the bottom surface side, or may be formed of a different material. For example, the reflection member 3a on the side surface side is preferably a material that is positively reflected so that light is not emitted from a portion where the light guide 1 and the reflection member 3 are close to each other. For example, a metal sheet may be used alone or in a resin molded article formed of an olefin resin or the like, or a metal or the like may be used. Further, in the case where the double-sided reflecting member is used on the side surface side, the arrangement of the reflecting member can be omitted on the side surface side of the surface light source element facing the reflecting member. On the other hand, the reflection member 3b on the bottom surface side of the light guide 1 may be made of any one of a regular reflection and a diffusion reflection property. The material for the regular reflection is the same member as the reflection member 3a on the side surface side, and the material for diffusion reflection is made of a white resin molded article having high diffusibility or the like as a reflection member. It is preferable that the reflection member 3 is appropriately disposed in the light guide 1 in accordance with the material. For example, the light guide 1' may be bonded to the light guide 1 ', or may be directly formed on the light guide 1 by vapor deposition. . Alternatively, it may be disposed through the air layer. (Light-Emitting Element) The light-emitting element 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is required to inject 70% or more of the emitted light into the light guide body at an angle of total reflection. For example, it has such a light-emitting property as -16-200923248. Examples of the light-emitting element include a side-emitting type light-emitting diode (LED) and the like. Further, even in the case of a non-side emission type light-emitting diode, it is possible to form a light reflecting member, a diffusion member, an absorbing member or the like on the upper portion of the light-emitting element, thereby forming 70% or more of light which can be emitted from the light-emitting element. The structure of total reflection inside the light body. The light-emitting element 2 can be a light source that does not face in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the light guide 1 from the viewpoint of obtaining uniform surface light emission, and is incident on the inside of the light guide body from among the light emitted from the light-emitting element. The angle of reflection light must be 70% or more, preferably 7.5 % or more, and more preferably 80% or more. With respect to one light guide body, although only one light-emitting element may be provided, a plurality of light-emitting elements may be provided (for example, 2 to 4, preferably 3 to 4), but based on the viewpoint of improving the color reproducibility of the liquid crystal display device. Preferably, the surface light source element has a point light source having a plurality of different color light as a light-emitting element. Further, from the viewpoint of low power consumption, it is preferable to use an LED as a light-emitting element, and it is preferable to provide at least one red, blue, and green three-color LED in one light guide. The position of the light-emitting element 2 in the light guide 1 is preferably not excessively close to the edge of the light guide body based on the viewpoint of obtaining uniform light emission in the plane. For example, the light-emitting element is preferably 1/4 or more of the diameter of the separated light-emitting element from the side of the closest light-guiding body, more preferably 1/3 or more of the diameter 'further more preferably 1 / 2 or more of the diameter, especially It is particularly preferable to separate about 1 / 1 to 3 / 2 or more of the diameter. 200923248 On the other hand, the case where a plurality of light-emitting elements are disposed inside the light guide is 'based on the viewpoint of uniformly mixing the light emitted from the light-emitting elements through reflection'. The arrangement positions of the light-emitting elements are preferably not too close. For example, the distance between the illuminating elements (the distance connecting the center points of the illuminating elements) is preferably about 2 to 5 times the diameter of the illuminating element, more preferably about 2 · 5 to 4 5 times, and still more preferably about 3 to 4 times. (light control member) < The light traveling direction of the light-reducing body 1 is changed by the light control member disposed on the upper or lower portion of the light guide 1 or on both sides thereof. Further, light of an angle inside the light guide body 1 which cannot be totally reflected is generated, and is emitted from the upper surface of the light guide body 1. The light control member is not particularly limited to a light control member that can change the direction in which light is totally reflected in the light guide body and has a property of emitting light from the light guide body, and can use a conventional or conventional light control member. . For example, the light control member may be a minute protrusion member disposed on the bottom surface of the light guide body. In addition, the plurality of protrusions may be disposed on the side of the emission surface (ie, the upper surface) of the light guide body. The connecting convex member. Further, it may be a scattering reflection member or the like formed by printing a scattering reflective ink on the bottom surface of the light guide. These light control members can be used singly or in combination. For example, when the microprotrusion member is used as the light control member, as shown in Fig. 3, the light control member 4 is disposed on the bottom surface of the light guide 1 by a plurality of minute projections which are protruded at regular intervals. The shape, size, density, and the like of the protruding portion are not particularly limited as long as the direction of the total reflected light can be changed from the angle of reflection -18 to 200923248. For example, the shape of the protruding portion may be a spherical portion or an elliptical spherical portion. A polygonal shape (for example, a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, etc.), an amorphous shape, or the like. Further, the size of the base portion of the projection is preferably about 50 to 3000 μm, more preferably about 100 to 200 μm. Further, the height of the projection with respect to the width of the base portion is preferably about +1 / 2 0 to 1 / 1, and more preferably about 1 / 1 5 to 2 / 3. The microscopic protrusions disclosed in the present invention are disposed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the main surface of the light guiding portion or both surfaces thereof, and the light traveling direction of the light guiding portion is changed from the total reflection condition to the light guiding body portion. The work of taking out the light above it. By controlling the position, number, size, and shape of the protrusions, the brightness of the light emitted from each part in the plane can be equalized to obtain a surface light source without unevenness, and can also be controlled. The spread of light. The density of the projections, for example, with respect to the main surface of the light control member of 10 m 2 , the total area of the base portions of the projections is preferably about _ 5 5 5 5 m 2 ', more preferably about 1 to 4 mm 2 . When the density of the minute projections is too high, the periphery of the light-emitting elements tends to be bright, and if it is too low, the brightness in the plane tends to become uneven. Further, in the case where the connecting convex member is used as the light control member, as shown in Fig. 4, the light control member 4 is attached to the convex portion of the connecting convex portion which at least partially has a plurality of convex portions including the curved surface. The state of the light guide body 1 is arranged. The shape, size, density, and the like of the convex portion are not particularly limited as long as the traveling direction of the total reflected light can be changed from the angle of reflection. For example, the shape of the convex portion may be a lenticular shape in a single-dimensional arrangement. Lens array type or microlens array 200923248 column type in 2-dimensional configuration. Generally, the disclosed connecting convex portion is disposed on the main surface of the light guide body, and changes the traveling direction of the light of the light guiding body portion, and is taken out from the upper surface of the light guiding body portion without being totally reflected. Light work. The method for producing the fine protrusion member or the connection convex member can be formed by a conventional method, for example, a mold can be used, or the light guide body can be integrally formed by injection molding, or the uneven shape can be transferred to the photocurable resin. After forming a sheet-like projection surface, it is bonded to the light guide 1 via a suitable adhesive layer. Further, as shown in Fig. 3, when the light control member 4 is disposed on the bottom surface of the light guide 1, the reflection member 3 on the bottom surface side of the light guide 1 is not connected to the light guide 1, and is usually formed. Below the light guide 1. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 4, when the light control member 4 is disposed on the upper surface of the light guide 1, the reflection member 3 on the bottom surface side of the light guide 1 is often formed to be connected to the light guide 1. (Out-of-surface light source element and surface light source element array) The size of the surface light source element is not particularly limited as long as it can emit light on the surface. For example, the area of the main surface is preferably about 1 c m2 to 1 0 0 c m2, more preferably about 5cm2~80cm2 ° In addition, the surface light source component is provided with a diffusion member having a haze of 値90% diffusion performance 5 mm above the main surface of the surface light source element. In the case of lighting, 'Compared with the brightest brightness of the surface light source element, the area within 10% of the reduction in brightness is 60% or more of the main surface of the surface light source element. -20 - 200923248 is better, better. It is 6.5 % or more, and more preferably 70% or more. If necessary, the array of surface light source elements may be formed only by surface light source elements having the same light-emitting characteristics, or may be used by combining surface light source elements having different light-emitting characteristics. In the case of a surface light source element having the same light-emitting characteristics, an array of surface light source elements that uniformly emit light in the plane can be obtained even if the size is increased. Further, in the case of combining surface light source elements having different light-emitting characteristics, it is possible to control the brightness or color per unit area of each of the surface light source element arrays by individually controlling the respective surface light source elements. f. In the surface light source device used in the present invention, since the light emitted from the light-emitting element is finely dispersed inside the single-surface light source element and emitted from the exit surface of the surface light source element, the surface light source element of the plurality of surface light source elements is combined. In the array, even if the light-emitting area is increased, light that is finely and uniformly dispersed inside the surface light source element can be emitted from the entire surface light source element array. As a result, even if it is thin, a surface light source having a uniform light intensity distribution can be formed. An array of components. In the surface light source element array obtained in this manner, the thinning can be achieved even in the following manner, for example, from the bottom of the light-emitting element to the light-emitting side of the target surface (that is, the 'transmissive display element'). The distance is preferably about 5 to 15 mm, more preferably 13 mm or less, still more preferably 1 mm or less. (Image Display Device) The image display device of the present invention can be obtained by providing a transmissive display element on the light-emitting side of the surface light source element array. For example, a transmissive display element 200923248 5 such as a liquid crystal panel is placed above the light guide 1 of Fig. 2 . The image display device of the present invention (in particular, the liquid crystal is thin and can have uniform brightness, and can have red, blue, and green LEDs as light-emitting elements to have low power consumption, and can provide an image of superior quality. Further, if necessary, an optical member may be disposed between the surface light source element or the column and the transmissive display element, and the optical member in which the brightness or in-plane brightness of the surface light source element is adjusted in one step may be conventional or conventional. An optical sheet, a sheet for collecting light, a diffusing sheet for diffusing light, a controlled piece, and the like. (Embodiment) Hereinafter, the invention will be further specifically described by way of examples, and is not limited to the embodiments. In-plane brightness distribution) A diffuser having a haze energy is disposed above 5 mm of the light guide body. The brightness distribution of the light-emitting elements when the individual light-emitting elements are turned on is made into a brightness data of 2 5 6 to be visually evaluated to evaluate the image. The edge portion of the light guide body is slightly different from the brightness' will show uniform brightness of the surface and the brightness between the edge portion and the central portion of the body is uniform The surface illumination situation is set to be bad. <Example 1 > As shown in Fig. 5, 'in order to display the device at a side length of 40 mm, even if there is a high contrast. Especially in the case of use, that is, the color reproducibility and the height are the array of the surface light source elements, and the uniformity can also be achieved. For example, the polarizing light of the polarized light is divided into the present invention, but the light of the diffusing diffusion member of the present invention is imaged, and the light between the central portions is good; A square, a thickness of 5 mm -22-200923248 is not provided, and a light-emitting element is provided, and a light guide 1 having three holes of 6 mm in diameter is formed by using a polymethacrylate resin. The upper surface of the light guide 1 is flat, and the light control member 4 is disposed on the bottom surface, and has 361 diameters of 1 mm hemispherical shape at the position shown in Fig. 6. Further, a regular reflection member 3 is disposed on the side surface side and the bottom surface side of the light guide 1. Next, inside the light guide body, Lumileds, which is the light-emitting element 2, has a side-emitting red LED, a green LED, and a blue LED. As shown in FIG. 5, two green LEDs are provided. Arranged on the diagonal of the square light guide, the red LED and the blue LED are respectively arranged on the diagonal of the square light guide. When the red, green, and blue LEDs as the light-emitting elements are turned on, respectively, the luminance distribution in the surface of the surface light source element is good. Therefore, uniform in-plane light emission can be performed using the surface light source element array of such a surface light source element. <Example 2> As shown in Fig. 7, in order to arrange a light-emitting element in a square having a side length of 40 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, a light guide 1 having three holes having a diameter of 6 mm was formed by using a polymethacrylate resin. An optical sheet having 20,000 micro-concavees having a diameter of 200 μm and a depth of 20 μm was attached to the bottom surface of the light guide body by an adhesive. The film which can be positively reflected is bonded to the side surface of the light guide 1 by an adhesive, and the same regular reflection film is disposed on the lower side via the air layer. In the light-emitting element, each of the side-emitting red, green, and blue LEDs of Lumileds Co., Ltd. is disposed in a hole formed in the light guide body, and diffused in order to eliminate light from the angle of the total reflection condition of the LED. The reflective member is placed on the upper portion of the LED. A diffuser having a haze of 90% diffusion is placed on the surface of the surface light source -23 - 200923248 5mm above the main surface of the component, and a green LED is illuminated, and the brightness of the brightest portion is 225 Ocd/m2, 7 Uniform surface luminescence is performed in the area of the light guide body which is not larger than 2000 cd/m 2 . When the red, green, and blue LEDs as the light-emitting elements are individually turned on, the luminance distribution in the surface of the surface light source element is good. Therefore, since the edge portion of the surface light source element has the same brightness as the central portion, uniform surface in-plane illumination can be performed using the surface light source element array of such a surface light source element. In addition, white color will be formed by simultaneously lighting the three colors of the LED. That is, the whole has almost the same brightness distribution, and the bright spot is not observed due to the smooth brightness change, and the ratio of the minimum brightness of the in-plane relative maximum brightness is 0.66. In addition, the chromaticity coordinates on the diffuser plate have less overall white deviation. In the chromaticity coordinates (X, Y), the difference between the maximum 値 and the minimum ( (AX, ΔΥ) = (0.0179, 0.02 2 0 ) . <Example 3> As shown in Fig. 8, in order to arrange a light-emitting element in a square having a side length of 4 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, a light guide penetrating through three holes having a diameter of 6 mm was produced by using a polymethacrylate resin. At the same time as the body 1, each of the side-illuminated white LEDs of the Lumileds company is disposed as a light-emitting element, and is disposed in the same manner as in the second embodiment except for the hole formed by the light guide body. LED. Among the diffusion sheets provided 5 mm above the main surface of the surface light source element, the luminance distribution in the surface of the surface light source element was good. Therefore, since the edge portion of the surface light source element has the same brightness as the central portion, the surface light source element array using such a surface light source element can perform in-plane light emission of a uniform sentence. -24- 200923248 Also, in place of the white LED, 'the red, green, and blue LEDs are placed in the three holes, and the LEDs are lit at the same time. The brightness distribution at the center is higher than that of the peripherals. The ratio of the minimum brightness of the in-plane relative maximum brightness is 0.59. In addition, the chromaticity coordinates on the diffuser plate will be larger in the color configuration near the LED, and in the chromaticity coordinates (X, Y), the difference between the maximum 値 and the minimum ( (ΔΧ, AY) = (〇 .〇262,0.0364). As described above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings. However, various additions, modifications, and deletions are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Within the scope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a surface light source element array according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a view showing a surface light source element used in the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a view showing a cross-sectional structure of a surface light source element used in the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a view showing a cross-sectional structure of a surface light source element used in the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5(a) is a plan view showing a surface light source element used in an embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is a cross-sectional view thereof. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a light control member used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Fig. 7(a) is a plan view showing a surface light source element-25 - 200923248 used in the second embodiment of the present invention (b) a plan view of Fig. 8 (a), (b) [main component symbol 1 light guide 2 light emitting element 2 a red light 2b blue light 2c green light 3 reflective member 3 a reflective member 3b reflective member 4 light control structure 5 surface light source element 6 liquid crystal panel is a cross-sectional view thereof. The embodiment of the present invention is shown in cross section. Description] Component Component Component 3 Surface light source component used -26 -