200918729 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種利用傾置水泥配合注氣加壓以封 閉氣井出水區段之堵水方法，特別是指處理礫石填充氣井 水錐出水的狀況，以注氣加壓之方式，將積水推擠回地層， 並將水泥乳擠至礫石與井壁之間的縫隙，水泥乳凝固封 閉，使該區段形成可靠之封閉區段。 【先前技術】 按，氣井在開採過程中，其開採之地層存在著天然氣 及水，天然氣的比重比水低，因此天然氣會儲存於水面上， 在天然氣的生產過程中，儲氣層之壓力會逐漸下降，地層 内的水會漸漸上升靠近抽取的生產井’水容易進入生產^ 内而影響產氣。 一般出水原因，係於生產區間含有高滲透率次層，致 使提早被邊際水貫穿，或是生產層含有垂直裂縫或斷層， 底部地層水由裂縫或斷層流入上部生產層，或是設於井内 之套管、填塞器有裂縫，套管水泥封固不良等原因，都會 導致地層水滲透進人生產井，使得在生產天然氣過程中， 因氣水界面上升或水錐導致伴產水量增高而停產，故要將 其完整封閉，避免水位上升至井内影響其他區段之生產。 已出水之礫石填充生產井，因篩管外與井壁間充填具 有非常高滲透率之礫石層，且於生產區間未設有套管，則 不能採用機械式之橋塞器，亦無法以熱膨脹式之塑膠觀套 封塞氣水界面下之穿孔區間，使生產相復生產。 200918729 傳統橋塞器之設置，因橋塞器僅能設置於篩管内，對 4官之小環孔及蝶石層無封堵作用，並不能阻止地層水繼 續流入井内；同樣地熱膨脹式塑膠襯套也僅能設置於筛管 内s傳統以撓曲油管以凝膠於蝶石填充生產井内，則因 =衣孔及蝶石層具有高渗透率，凝膠栗送時，勢必先流過 •^«石層後’而不會僅進人出水生產層内。 至於於井底置放傳統g級或Η級之水泥，則因其水泥 過粗’不能流過篩管而不可行。因㈣石填充井底部 a 僅能任伴產水持續增加’直至伴產水無法處理或 濟價值後停產，或任伴產水於油管 内聚積，直至自 然停產。 、：碟石填充生產井，一般所採用的堵水方法多是以 二型樹脂或細粒水泥封閉出水之生產I，且以盼路樹脂 壓部分。但以熱固型樹脂堵水，復產時在井底生產差 接人過5〇磅的情況下地層水會有穿透礫石層與井壁間之 處的現象，使堵水效果大受影響。至於水泥亦有所限 1，必須是超細顆粒之水泥才可以流入礫石層中，填滿礫 ^層之孔隙’固職賴封堵出水層之效果。 理傳統礫石填充生產井之堵水通常是以傾置器裝載處 次體（樹脂或水泥乳），傾置器為一圓柱形容器，可裝載 深=乳树脂或其他流體，利用纜線下至井底（或欲處理之 二、）由地面發送訊號將之開啟，釋放内裝之處理液體（樹 =水泥礼），藉由處理液體與地層水之比重差，使之流入 ^與井壁間環孔之€石層，待其@化後達到封堵出水的 200918729 目的 此種施工方式有幾個缺點，首先必須克服水泥乳 ' ί脂）與地層水混溶的稀釋效應，否則後續之固化會有 =題’再者’要能確保礫石層未受過度污損及導通度不均 f ’礫石層的作用本來就是防砂，經過生產之後的蝶 會文來自生產層粉砂的污損，因此水泥乳或樹脂在只 f 卜便]^仙·入礫石層，可旎也無法填滿所 之孔隙，也因此而無法將底部的水錐出水完全封堵。另 :卜，一般生產井出水後，通常井底有水柱聚積，當水泥乳 或樹脂置放於井底後，地層水將會在井壁形成薄臈，當水 泥礼或;M·脂ϋ化後再開井復產時，井底與地層間往往有數 十至數百销差壓，這個錢會使底水沿水泥乳與井壁間 之微小縫隙流至井内’無法完全封堵出水層，如上所述， 以熱固型樹脂堵水，在井底差壓超過5{)镑的情況下，地層 水會有穿透礫石層與井壁間之接合處的現象。 曰 【發明内容】 土是，本發明之主要目的，旨在提供一種利用傾置水 泥配合注氣加壓以封閉氣井出水區段之堵水方法，利用本 發明堵水方法能夠有效提高堵水的成功率’使因水錐出水 ，無法生產的氣井復產’節省鑽探新井的費用，極具經濟 本發明之次一目的，旨在据供一箱刹m 曰做U種利用傾置水泥配合 注虱加壓以封閉氣井出水區段之堵水方法，以注入氣體方 式將積水推擠回地層，使得水泥乳能夠順利流入=石層 8 200918729 内’並流至礫石層與井壁接縫處固化，封堵地層水流入之 通道，達到堵水的效果。 為達上述之目的，本發明係為一種利用傾置水泥配合 注氣加壓以封閉氣井出水區段之堵水方法，其包含以下步 驟： (a)先對目標井注入一氣體並持續一段時間，使井 内積水被擠回地層，保持井内無水狀態； ^ ( b )將預先配製之封固流體（即處理液體）裝載至 * 一傾置器内’再將上述傾置器垂放至上述目標井内待封閉 區段； 广（c)待傾置器到達封閉區段時，暫停注氣或降低注 氣壓力一特定時間，保持井口壓力不低於注氣前的壓力； (d) 控制傾置器開口開啟傾放封固流體流出，使封 固流體聚積於封閉區段； (e) 恢復〉主氣並持續加壓直至封固流體固結硬化， υ使該區段形成可靠之封閉區段。 其中，上述封固流體為水泥乳或液態樹脂 在i佳實施例中，上述所注人之氣體為天然氣。 較佳實施例中，上述傾置器底端設有 置’^控制内裂封固流體流出之速率。 特定時間！:實:’上述暫停注氣或降低注氣壓力之 後，恢復注氣，述傾置器將封固流體傾置完全 寻績注氣時間超過封固流體完全固化所需 200918729 之時間a水泥乳調配的塑性黏度低於2㈣。 日亦間中’上述傾置器由井口下至封閉區段的 並於釋‘過分鐘’又上述封固流體以設定速度流出， 並於釋放過財緩緩提拉—定高度。 【實施方式】 纽為便於 貴審杏 番查委貝月匕更進一步對本發明之構 二徵有更深-層，明確、詳實的認識與瞭解 出較佳之貝施例’配合®式詳細說明如下： 氣水閱第1圖’襟石填充生產井10生產後，因 一與二 生產I的同時伴產水也跟著被汲出，由圖 述碟石填充生產井1G鑽透三層油氣層，由 第；氣生產層2°、第二油氣生產層21及 ir二 上述生產層透水層為頁岩 :油氣生產層22内，清楚看出水錐上升至碟石填 降=:上〇内，使伴產水量3°持續增加，產氣量31、持續 =低^頭所示）’如不針對第三油氣生產層22進行封 ^ ’則伴產水會、_滲鞋礫石填充生產井丨 理，致使伴產水於井内聚積，直到自然停產。‘“域 請參閱第1至8圖所示，本發明係為一種利用傾 =合注氣加Μ以封閉氣井出水區段之堵水方法’針對上 =石填充生產井10進行堵水作業，於_管内封閉與第三 /孔生產層22的連通關係’使得出水 層—併封堵，該堵水技術包含： ^ 檢測井内各項數據（井内器材佈置、溫度、麗力）， 200918729 ΓίΓ石？充生產井10實施注氣，然後如第4圖所示 二2積Λ'2推擠回地層，使井内保持無水狀態，於 中=酬線下降傾置器4°，使其垂放至地層 閉广之區段（參照第5圖），到達封閉區段時，控制傾 口開啟’使内裳之流體41流出，流體41 :;出先赠封閉區段内’接著，流體41慢慢流入碟石層 =到f礫石層11内邊緣，並恢復注㈣力（參第6 圖所不利用注氣對流體41產生擠壓，將其擠入蝶石層 至、及襟石層11與井㈣之縫隙，持續注氣加壓直 體41固結硬化，使該區段形成可靠之封閉區段，而將 弟二油乳生產層22徹底封閉（如第7圖所示）。 其中，上述流體41為水泥乳或液態樹脂。 於:較佳實施例中，上述傾置器4〇底端設有一節流 H藉以控制内裝封固流體流出之速率，有助於使用流 t置益40施工時’經由設定流速使釋放出的水泥能在待 封閉區段達到完整的凝固閉水功能，使施工過程更加順 利，封井作業順暢。 ，於可行實施例中，對目標井以m主人持續數小 時>’將井内之積水12推回地層中，於此同時將配製好的水 2乳以傾置器40下降至待封閉之區段，在開啟傾置器4() 二，暫停>主氣或降低注氣壓力數分鐘，但須確保井口關井 ^力仍大於注氣前的壓力，待水泥乳傾置完全後，恢復注 軋，力，並持續24小時以上，使得水泥乳被持續加壓更輕 易流入礫石層11内，待水泥乳能夠完全固化後，而達到封 11 200918729 閉之功能。 上述暫停注氣之時間為1〇〜3〇分 在一可行實施例中 鐘。 請再參閱第8圖 虽水泥乳固化後，有效將第三油氣 ，產層22封閉，其伴產水量3G減少，產氣量3ι逐漸恢復 (由圖不箭頭所示），水泥乳凝固封閉使該區段*頁岩層妒 成-可靠之封閉區段，而第三油氣生產層22内的地“ 法進入礫石填充生產井1〇内。 …200918729 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a water blocking method for sealing a gas well water outlet section by using a tilting cement in combination with gas injection pressure, in particular, a method for treating water discharge from a gravel-filled gas well water cone. In the condition, by means of gas injection and pressure, the accumulated water is pushed back to the ground layer, and the cement latex is squeezed into the gap between the gravel and the well wall, and the cement emulsion is solidified and closed, so that the section forms a reliable closed section. [Prior Art] According to the gas well, during the mining process, natural gas and water exist in the stratum of the mining. The proportion of natural gas is lower than that of water. Therefore, natural gas will be stored on the water surface. During the production of natural gas, the pressure of the gas storage layer will be Gradually, the water in the formation will gradually rise near the extracted production wells. Water will easily enter the production and affect the gas production. The general reason for water discharge is that the production zone contains a high permeability sub-layer, which leads to early penetration by marginal water, or the production layer contains vertical fractures or faults. The bottom formation water flows from the fracture or fault into the upper production layer, or is located in the well. The casing and the plug are cracked, and the casing cement is poorly sealed, etc., which will cause the formation water to penetrate into the production well, so that in the process of producing natural gas, the production will stop due to the rising gas-water interface or the water cone caused by the water cone. Therefore, it is necessary to completely close it to prevent the water level from rising to the inside of the well to affect the production of other sections. The gravel has been filled with water to fill the production well. Because the gravel layer with very high permeability is filled between the screen and the well wall, and there is no casing in the production section, mechanical bridge plugs cannot be used, and thermal expansion is not possible. The plastic sleeve of the type seals the perforation section under the gas-water interface, so that the production is repeated. 200918729 The traditional bridge plug installation, because the bridge plug can only be placed in the screen, no blocking effect on the small ring hole and the butterfly layer of the 4 official, can not prevent the formation water from continuing into the well; the same thermal expansion plastic lining The sleeve can only be placed in the screen tube. Traditionally, the flexible oil pipe is used to gel the butterfly stone to fill the production well. Because the clothing hole and the butterfly stone layer have high permeability, the gel must be sent first. ^^ «Behind the stone layer' and not only enter the production layer of the water. As for the placement of traditional g or 之 grade cement at the bottom of the well, it is not feasible because the cement is too thick to flow through the screen. Because of the bottom of the (four) stone-filled well, a can only continue to increase the production water until the production water can not be treated or the value is stopped, or the accompanying water is accumulated in the oil pipe until it is naturally stopped. ,: The stone-filled production wells are generally used to block the production of water by type II resin or fine-grained cement, and the part of the resin is pressed. However, when the water is blocked by the thermosetting resin, the formation water will penetrate the gravel layer and the wall of the well in the case of poor production at the bottom of the well, which will greatly affect the water blocking effect. . As for cement, there are limits. 1. It must be cement with ultrafine particles to flow into the gravel layer and fill the pores of the gravel layer. The water shut-off of a traditional gravel-filled production well is usually a dumper loaded with a sub-body (resin or cement emulsion), and the dumper is a cylindrical container that can be loaded with deep = milk resin or other fluid, using cable down to The bottom of the well (or the second to be treated) is sent by the ground to send the signal to release the internal processing liquid (tree = cement ceremony), and the difference between the specific gravity of the treated liquid and the formation water is caused to flow between the well and the wall. The stone layer of the ring hole, after it is @化, reaches the 200918729 which blocks the water. The construction method has several shortcomings. Firstly, it must overcome the dilution effect of the cement emulsion and the formation water miscible, otherwise the subsequent curing There will be = title 'further' to ensure that the gravel layer is not excessively fouled and the conductivity is not uniform f 'the role of the gravel layer is originally sand control, after the production of the butterfly will be from the production layer of silt pollution, so Cement latex or resin can only fill the pores of the gravel layer, and therefore it is impossible to completely seal the water cone at the bottom. Another: Bu, after the production wells generally have water, usually there is a water column accumulating at the bottom of the well. When the cement emulsion or resin is placed at the bottom of the well, the formation water will form a thin shovel on the well wall, when the cement is ritual or; When the well is re-opened, there are often dozens to hundreds of pin differential pressure between the bottom of the well and the ground. This money will cause the bottom water to flow into the well along the tiny gap between the cement emulsion and the well wall, which cannot completely block the water layer. As described above, with the thermosetting resin blocking water, in the case where the differential pressure at the bottom of the well exceeds 5 {), the formation water may have a phenomenon of penetrating the joint between the gravel layer and the well wall.曰 [Summary of the Invention] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a water blocking method for sealing a gas well water outlet section by using a tilting cement in combination with gas injection pressure, and the water shutoff method of the present invention can effectively improve water shutoff. The success rate of 'supplement of water from the water cone, the production of gas wells can not be produced' saves the cost of drilling new wells. It is very economical. The purpose of this invention is to provide a box of brakes. The injection is closed to close the water outlet section of the gas well, and the water is pushed back to the ground by injection gas, so that the cement emulsion can smoothly flow into the stone layer 8 200918729 and flow to the gravel layer and the well wall joint. It solidifies and blocks the passage of formation water into the water to achieve the effect of water shutoff. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a water blocking method for sealing a gas well water discharge section by using a tilting cement and a gas injection pressure, which comprises the following steps: (a) first injecting a gas into the target well for a period of time Time, so that the water in the well is squeezed back into the formation, keeping the water in the well; ^ (b) loading the pre-formed sealing fluid (ie, the treatment liquid) into the *dipator and then placing the above-mentioned dumper to the above The section to be closed in the target well; wide (c) when the dumper reaches the closed section, suspend gas injection or reduce the gas injection pressure for a specific time, and keep the wellhead pressure not lower than the pressure before gas injection; The opening of the device opens the pouring and sealing fluid to flow out, so that the sealing fluid accumulates in the closed section; (e) recovers the main gas and continues to pressurize until the sealing fluid is solidified and hardened, so that the section forms a reliable closed zone segment. Wherein, the sealing fluid is cement emulsion or liquid resin. In the preferred embodiment, the gas injected is natural gas. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom end of the dumper is provided to control the rate at which the internal fracture sealing fluid flows out. Specific time! : Real: 'After suspending the gas injection or reducing the gas injection pressure, the gas injection is resumed, and the dumping device dumps the sealing fluid completely. The gas injection time exceeds the time required for the solidification of the sealing fluid to fully cure. The plastic viscosity is less than 2 (four). At the same time, the above-mentioned dumper was lowered from the wellhead to the closed section and released after the 'minutes' and the above-mentioned sealing fluid flowed out at a set speed, and the release was delayed. [Embodiment] Newly for the convenience of the review of the apricot review committee, Bay Yuet, further deepen the understanding of the structure of the invention, a clear, detailed understanding and understanding of the better example of the 'combination®' is as follows: After the production of the meteorite-filled production well 10, the water produced by the production of the first and second production I was also followed by the production of the water. The 1G drilled through the production well 1G drilled through the three layers of oil and gas. ; gas production layer 2 °, second oil and gas production layer 21 and ir two above production layer permeable layer is shale: oil and gas production layer 22, it is clear that the water cone rises to the disc stone filling =: in the upper sputum, so that the water production 3° continues to increase, gas production is 31, continuous = low ^ head)) If the third oil and gas production layer 22 is not sealed, the water will be produced, and the boring gravel will be filled with production wells, resulting in concomitant production. Water accumulates in the well until it is naturally stopped. 'The domain is shown in Figures 1 to 8. The present invention is a water shutoff method for closing the gas outlet section of the gas well by using the combination of the gas injection and the gas injection to carry out the water shutoff operation for the upper = stone filled production well 10 The communication relationship between the closed and third/hole production layer 22 in the tube is such that the water layer is blocked and the water shutoff technique includes: ^ detecting various data in the well (well equipment layout, temperature, Lili), 200918729 ΓίΓ The gas filling production well 10 is gas-injected, and then pushes back to the ground layer as shown in Fig. 4, so that the well remains in a water-free state, and the dumping device is lowered by 4° in the middle = compensation line, so that it is placed vertically To the closed section of the stratum (refer to Figure 5), when reaching the closed section, control the opening of the dip to 'flow out the fluid 41 of the inner skirt, the fluid 41:; the first gift in the closed section'. Then, the fluid 41 slowly Flow into the disc layer = to the inner edge of the gravel layer 11, and restore the injection (four) force (refer to Figure 6 does not use the gas injection to squeeze the fluid 41, squeeze it into the butterfly layer to, and the vermiculite layer 11 and The gap between the well (4), continuous gas injection and pressure straight body 41 consolidation hardening, so that the section forms a reliable closed section, The second oil emulsion production layer 22 is completely closed (as shown in Fig. 7), wherein the fluid 41 is cement emulsion or liquid resin. In the preferred embodiment, the bottom of the dumper 4 has a section. The flow H is used to control the rate at which the internal sealing fluid flows out, which helps to use the flow t. When the construction is completed, the released cement can reach the complete solidification and water shutoff function in the section to be closed through the set flow rate, so that the construction process It is smoother and the well-sealing operation is smooth. In the feasible embodiment, the target well is held for several hours by the owner of the m>', and the accumulated water 12 in the well is pushed back into the formation, while the prepared water 2 is poured into the ground. The device 40 is lowered to the section to be closed, and the dumper 4 () is turned on, the main gas is lowered or the gas injection pressure is lowered for several minutes, but it is necessary to ensure that the well pressure is still greater than the pressure before the gas injection, and After the cement emulsion is completely dumped, the injection and rolling force is restored, and the pressure is continued for more than 24 hours, so that the cement emulsion is continuously pressurized and flows into the gravel layer 11 more easily. After the cement emulsion can be completely solidified, it can be closed to the function of sealing 11 200918729. The above pause time is 1〇~3〇 is divided into a feasible embodiment. Please refer to Figure 8 for the third oil and gas, the production layer 22 is effectively closed after the cement emulsion is solidified, and the water production amount is reduced by 3G, and the gas production volume is gradually restored. As shown by the arrow in the figure, the solidification of the cement emulsion closes the section* shale formation into a reliable closed section, while the ground in the third oil and gas production zone 22 enters the gravel-filled production well within 1 。.
於-較佳實施例中，水泥乳調配完成後確保其塑性黏 度低於22cp ;傾置器40由井口下至欲封閉之區段的時間 不得超過60分鐘；傾置器40到達欲封閉之區段時，水泥 乳釋放的速度不宜過快，同時在釋放過程中緩緩提拉8〇 a刀至1公尺的尚度，以避免篩管内水泥乳液面瞬間上升 太鬲，污染上部之碟石層11，影響後續傾置作業。 於另一較佳實施例中，傾置器40充填水泥乳時’須 避免直接曝曬％光，盡量保持低溫，以避免水泥乳開始固 化。 請參閱第9圖’因一般水泥乳顆粒過大，無法通過篩 官進入礫石内’本發明所採用之水泥乳最好為In the preferred embodiment, the cement emulsion is ensured to have a plastic viscosity of less than 22 cp after completion of the blending; the time of the dumper 40 from the wellhead to the section to be closed must not exceed 60 minutes; and the dumper 40 reaches the area to be closed. In the segment, the speed of cement emulsion release should not be too fast. At the same time, during the release process, the 8〇a knife will be lifted to 1 meter to avoid the instantaneous rise of the cement emulsion surface in the screen, which will contaminate the upper disc stone. Layer 11, affecting subsequent tilting operations. In another preferred embodiment, when the dumper 40 is filled with cement emulsion, it is necessary to avoid direct exposure to % light and to keep the temperature as low as possible to prevent the cement emulsion from beginning to solidify. Please refer to Figure 9 because the cement granules are too large to pass through the sieve into the gravel. The cement emulsion used in the present invention is preferably
SqueezeCRETE水泥，其與一般油氣井使用的g級水泥最大 的不同在於它的超細顆粒，它的最大顆粒組群平均大小為 5〜7//m ’ 一般含固粒液體要能流過孔隙介質，該介質的孔 喉（Pore "throat)大小至少必須是混合液中最大固粒直徑 的5〜10倍，否則顆粒將會聚積卡在孔喉，中斷後續顆粒的 12 200918729 流動，由圖式中可清楚看出—般G級水泥是無法流入碟 石，而miCr〇-Cement的顆粒大小約3〇um應該可以流入礫 石’但-般已出水的井，其碟石層u中極可能已填塞許多 來自生產層的細粒’部分孔隙已被堵塞，滲透率降低，因 此增加水泥乳流人的困難度，容易形成封堵不完全，而影 響堵水效果’以注氣加壓之方式可將孔隙中的細粒一併擠 入生產層中，使水泥乳能夠較輕易滲入礫石内。 請參閱第10圖，本發明於實施堵水作業前，目標井 伴產水量高達122 KL/Day，井底靜壓為2387 psia，井 為2816. 0公尺。 於以下之實際操作貫驗過程中，經第一次堵水作業， 於目標井注人天然、氣5小時後’暫停15分鐘進行傾置作 業’期間井口Μ力由215〇 psig緩降至192() _，傾置 水泥乳共20. 3公升’傾置完畢後恢復注氣，並持續⑹、 時’水泥頭上升〇.lm，井内深度由2816 〇公尺升至2815 公尺。 · …經第二次堵水作# ’先行注氣4小時，暫停分鐘 進行傾置作業，期时π壓力由214() _緩降至刪 P叫，傾置水泥乳共20. 3公升’傾置完畢後恢復注氣，井 口塵力維持2140 psig，持續注氣約27小時，水泥頭上升 井内深度由2815·9公尺升至2815 G公尺，隨後開 井噴流ίο天’期間關井i天，共排出水量56〇公秉，最故 伴產水量已降為47 KL/Day，該目標井已能自喷生產。、’ 為補強堵水效果，再進行第三次堵水作業，此次提高 200918729 井口注氣壓力至2480 psig，先行注氣3小時，當傾置裝 置下降至井底時，停止注氣，井口壓力降至1960 psig， 傾置水泥乳，前後約停止注氣15分鐘，傾置完畢後恢復注 氣，井口壓力由最高之2560 psig降至2480 psig，再持 續注氣24小時，水泥頭上升0. lm，井内深度由2815. 0公 尺升至2814. 9公尺。 第3次注氣加壓下水泥作業完畢後隨即開井喷流，本 發明為驗證堵水效果，共分三階段進行，敛述如下： 第一階段 以32/64”節流嘴開井生產，可自喷，初期井口流壓 1660 psi，氣量約37萬立方公尺/天，經20小時後，伴產 水出現，井口流壓逐漸下降至1560 psi，開井4日。 第二階段 再以32/64”節流嘴開井生產，共開井11曰，期間井 口流壓由820 ps i逐漸升高至1510 ps i，伴產水量逐漸下 降至1.40KL/hr (含凝結油），如圖11所示。 第三階段 請參閱第12、13圖，本階段共開井4天，關井前氣 量約20萬立方公尺/天，伴產水降至0. 3 KL/hr (另凝結 油量約0. 4 KL/hr，油水合計為0. 7 KL/hr)，相當於伴產 水量為7.2KL/day，已低於天然氣工業慣用之衡量標準1 KL/104立方公尺天然氣。 第3次下水泥時，前後共注氣27小時，井孔附近之 地層水會被往外推擠入地層内，當再開井生產時，初期由 14 200918729 於井眼附近其水飽合度甚低，因此無伴產水，但持續生產 後水會在井眼處回流’水頭到達井孔初期水量較大，但會 逐漸下降，由圖12中最後關井階段的井底壓力上升資料分 析’結果顯示地層内之有效滲透率（Ke)已由原先之26〇 md 降為190 md，且井孔附近之膚表因子（Skin Fact〇r)已 由原先之6上升至56.8,進一步證實排掃範圍内之生產層 含水飽和度仍高，尤其井眼附近，因氣、水成輻射狀向井 口集中，含水飽合度更咼，因此肯定伴產水來自上面兩次 層中之積水流向井眼，並非因水錐現象由第三次層之底棲 水而來。 ^ ;登體施工作業中，可珂旰座承盟度及硬度等數值的 變化來判斷堵水的效果，對目標井而言，伴隨天㈣所產 f的水包含地層水及凝結水兩種來源，地層水中的鹽分較 ^ 結水巾的鹽份通常僅有數十至數百_二於凝 :水，不多’因此當地層水水量較大時，所顯現的鹽份 使很南。 ，參閱第14 ®所示，未制本發明之堵水技術前， ^的鹽份維持在19_~2圆酬左右，經過第i至 水的壓下水泥堵水施工，可以看出生產井伴產 顯著2 的趨勢，表㈣層水㈣的量已經有 不1傾置後’伴產水之主要來源 弟-人u ’而係由上面兩次層隨氣流而產出。 15 200918729 為驗證本發明效益，於本目標井之附近另 井，各相距300公尺，目前三口井之井底靜壓$兩口生產 2315 psia、本目標井2320 psia，b井24〇〇々別為A丼 A井為正常生產井，B井已出水停產，另由氣=ia ’其中， 錄得知，出水者其井底壓力均較未出水者為高生產井之紀 認目標井之第三次層已被封堵掉，目前其伴=水由此可確 上面二次層之地層水隨氣流而產出。 係由原先SqueezeCRETE cement, which is the biggest difference from g-grade cement used in general oil and gas wells, is its ultra-fine particles. Its largest particle group average size is 5~7//m '. Generally, solid-grain-containing liquid can flow through porous medium. The size of the pore throat (Pore "throat) of the medium must be at least 5 to 10 times the maximum solid particle diameter in the mixture, otherwise the particles will accumulate in the pore throat, interrupting the flow of the subsequent particles 12 200918729, by the pattern It can be clearly seen that G-grade cement cannot flow into the disc stone, and the particle size of miCr〇-Cement should be about 3〇um. It should be able to flow into the gravel's well-like well. The disc stone layer u is likely to have Packing a lot of fine particles from the production layer 'partial pores have been blocked, the permeability is reduced, so the difficulty of increasing the cement emulsion flow, easy to form incomplete plugging, and affecting the water shutoff effect 'in the form of gas injection pressure The fine particles in the pores are squeezed together into the production layer, so that the cement emulsion can easily penetrate into the gravel. Referring to Figure 10, prior to the implementation of the water shutoff operation, the target well has a water production capacity of 122 KL/Day, a static pressure at the bottom of the well of 2387 psia, and a well of 2816. 0 meters. During the following actual operation, after the first water shut-off operation, the wellhead pressure was reduced from 215 psig to 192 during the 5 hours after the target well was injected with natural gas and 'suspend 15 minutes for the dumping operation'. () _, dumping cement milk a total of 20. 3 liters 'return gas after reversing, and continue (6), when the 'cement head rises 〇.lm, the depth of the well rises from 2816 〇 to 2815 meters. · ... After the second water shut-off for # 'first gas injection for 4 hours, pause the minute for the dumping operation, the period π pressure from 214 () _ slow down to delete P call, dumping cement milk a total of 20. 3 liters ' After the dumping is completed, the gas injection is resumed, the dust pressure at the wellhead is maintained at 2140 psig, and the gas injection is continued for about 27 hours. The depth of the cement head rises from 2815·9 meters to 2815 Gmeter, and then the well is sprayed during the ίο天' In the same day, a total of 56 liters of water was discharged, and the most associated water production has been reduced to 47 KL/Day. The target well has been able to be self-sprayed. , 'To reinforce the water blocking effect, and then carry out the third water shutoff operation, this time increase the injection pressure of the well at 200918729 to 2480 psig, first inject gas for 3 hours, stop the gas injection when the dumping device descends to the bottom of the well, the wellhead The pressure dropped to 1960 psig, the cement emulsion was dumped, and the gas injection was stopped for about 15 minutes. After the dumping, the gas injection was resumed. The wellhead pressure was reduced from the highest 2560 psig to 2480 psig, and the gas injection continued for 24 hours. Lm, the depth of the well increased from 2815. 0 meters to 2814. 9 meters. After the third gas injection and pressure, the cement flow is opened immediately after the completion of the cement operation. The present invention is carried out in three stages in order to verify the water shutoff effect. The first stage is to open the well with a 32/64" throttle nozzle. It can be self-sprayed. The initial wellhead flow pressure is 1660 psi, and the gas volume is about 370,000 cubic meters per day. After 20 hours, the accompanying product water appears, the wellhead flow pressure gradually drops to 1560 psi, and the well is opened for 4 days. The 32/64" throttle nozzle was opened for production, and a total of 11 wells were opened. During the period, the wellhead pressure gradually increased from 820 ps i to 1510 ps i, and the water production gradually decreased to 1.40 KL/hr (including condensed oil). Figure 11 shows. For the third stage, please refer to the 12th and 13th drawings. In this stage, the well is opened for 4 days. The gas volume before shut-in is about 200,000 m ^ 3 / day, and the water supply is reduced to 0.3 KL / hr (the other amount of condensed oil is about 0). 4 KL/hr, total oil and water is 0.7 KL/hr), equivalent to 7.2 KL/day of produced water, which is lower than the natural gas industry standard of 1 KL/104 m3 natural gas. During the third cementing, the gas was injected for 27 hours before and after, and the formation water near the wellbore was pushed into the formation. When the well was re-opened, the water saturation was very low near the wellbore at 14 200918729. Therefore, there is no accompanying water production, but after continuous production, the water will recirculate at the wellbore. 'The water head reaches the wellbore at the beginning of the water volume, but it will gradually decrease. The data from the bottom hole pressure rise in the last shut-in stage in Figure 12 is analyzed. The effective permeability (Ke) in the formation has been reduced from the original 26〇md to 190 md, and the skin factor (Skin Fact〇r) near the wellbore has risen from the original 6 to 56.8, further confirming the range of sweeping. The water saturation of the production layer is still high, especially in the vicinity of the wellbore. Because the gas and water are concentrated to the wellhead, the water saturation is more turbulent. Therefore, it is sure that the water produced from the above two layers flows to the wellbore, not because of The water cone phenomenon is derived from the bottom layer of the third layer of water. ^; In the construction work of the body, the change of the degree of the aggression and the hardness can be used to judge the effect of water shutoff. For the target well, the water produced by the sky (4) includes the formation water and the condensed water. Source, the salt in the formation water is usually only tens to hundreds of salt in the water towel. The water is not much. Therefore, when the water in the local layer is large, the salt is very south. , as shown in the 14th ®, before the water blocking technology of the present invention is applied, the salt content of the ^ is maintained at about 19~~2, and after the i-to-water depressing cement is blocked, the production well can be seen. The production has a significant trend of 2, and the amount of water in the table (4) layer (4) has not been dumped, and the main source of the water is the one that is produced by the above two layers. 15 200918729 In order to verify the effectiveness of the invention, another well is located near the target well, each separated by 300 meters. At present, the static pressure of the bottom of the three wells is 2315 psia, the target well is 2320 psia, and the well b is 24 For the A丼A well, the normal production well, the B well has been discharged from the water, and the gas = ia ', which shows that the bottom hole pressure of the effluent is higher than that of the non-water effluent. The third layer has been blocked, and its associated water = water thus confirms that the formation water of the secondary layer above is produced with the gas flow. Original
由上述之分析，研判目標井之第三次層已被 之與上面二次層完全隔開，再無水錐出水之現象，T泥乳將 107(1邳之伴產水將會隨著未來持續開井生產而逐^今7.2 藉由本發明之堵水技術m天然氣體將井2。 12擠回地層内，使井内積水12退散，當傾置器4〇 ^水 泥乳後，因井内已無任何積水12，水泥乳不會盥水、曰合水 影響其比重及㈣速率，並能利敎氣，㈣將水; 入礫石與井壁之間隙，加快水泥乳流動速度’而能使水泥 乳將欲封閉之區域完全封閉，達到堵水之功效。 心 本發明之堵水方式，能夠有效提高堵水的成功率，使 因出水無法生產的氣井復產，節省鑽探新井的費用，極具 經濟效益。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明書内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆 仍應含括於本發明申請專利範圍内。 16 200918729 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明之礫石填充生產井出水狀態示意圖； 第2圖係本發明之堵水方法流程示意圖； 第3圖係本發明之礫石填充生產井油管内積水示意 圖； 第4圖係第3圖注入氣體至井内擠壓積水示意圖； 第5圖係本發明之傾置器垂下至待封閉區段示意圖； 第6圖係第5圖傾置器釋放流體示意圖； (_ 第7 51係傾置11傾置流體完畢並恢復注氣示意圖； 第8圖係礫石填充生產井堵水完成並開井喷流示意 圖； 第9圖係不同水泥乳穿透礫石所需之孔喉及滲透率示 意圖； 第10圖係本發明之較佳實施例堵水作業示意圖； 第11圖係本發明之第3次水泥傾置後第二階段喷流 之井口流壓與水量變化圖； L ▲第12圖係本發明之第3次水泥傾置後第三階段喷流 試驗之井底流壓變化圖； _第13圖係本發明之第3次水泥傾置後第三階段喷流 試驗之井底流壓變化與水量變化圖； 第14圖係本發明之礫石填充生產井喷流期間地層水 分析結果圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 .·礫石填充生產井 17 200918729 π ..礫石層 12 · ·積水 20·.第一油氣生產層 21 ··第二油氣生產層 22 .·第三油氣生產層 3 0 ··伴產水量 31 ..產氣量 40 · ·傾置器 f . 41 . ·流體 18From the above analysis, it is judged that the third layer of the target well has been completely separated from the above secondary layer, and then the phenomenon of water from the waterless cone, the T mud will be 107 (the water produced by the 1 will continue with the future) Open well production and 7.2 by the water shut-off technology m of the present invention, the well 2.12 is pushed back into the formation, and the accumulated water 12 in the well is recirculated. When the dumper 4〇 cement cement, there is no any in the well. Water 12, cement milk will not drown, mix water affects its specific gravity and (4) rate, and can benefit suffocating gas, (4) water; into the gap between gravel and well wall, accelerate the flow rate of cement milk 'and can make cement milk The area to be closed is completely closed to achieve the effect of water shutoff. The water blocking method of the present invention can effectively improve the success rate of water shutoff, regenerate the gas well that cannot be produced due to the effluent, and save the cost of drilling a new well, which is very economical. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the contents of the invention are generally modified. Still should The invention is within the scope of the patent application of the present invention. 16 200918729 [Simplified description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the water discharge state of the gravel packed production well of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the water shutoff method of the present invention; The schematic diagram of the water accumulated in the tubing of the gravel-filled production well of the invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the injection of gas into the well by the third embodiment; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the dumper of the present invention hanging down to the section to be closed; Figure 5 shows the schematic diagram of the fluid released by the dumper; (_ The 7th 51th system dumps the 11-dip fluid and restores the gas injection schematic; Figure 8 shows the gravel-filled production well water-blocking completion and the well-jet flow diagram; Schematic diagram of the pore throat and permeability required for the cement emulsion to penetrate the gravel; Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the water shutoff operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 11 is the second stage jet flow after the third cement dumping of the present invention Diagram of flow pressure and water volume change at the wellhead; L ▲ Fig. 12 is a bottom flow pressure change diagram of the third stage jet test after the third cement dumping of the present invention; _13 is the third cement of the present invention The third stage of spraying after pouring The bottom hole pressure change and water quantity change diagram of the test; Figure 14 is the result of the formation water analysis during the jet flow of the gravel-filled production well of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 .·Gravel filled production well 17 200918729 π .. Gravel layer 12 · · Sewerage 20·. First oil and gas production layer 21··Second oil and gas production layer 22· Third oil and gas production layer 30··Supply water production 31.. Gas production 40··Pourer f. 41 . ·Fluid 18