200911421 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種夾座，特 ,別疋—種用於將工具柄（tool shank )夾持就位之熱夾座。 【先前技術】 軸裝置在機械構造領域中係為 ^ m ^ T a ^ ^ 勹先、矢的。軸裝置通常用 於機械工具中以驅動工具之轉 得動碾磨或鑽孔操作。取決 於待進行之操作而將一相應之適參 週田工具插入軸中。通常在 工件之機械加工中需要多種工且，p 土士 β /、，已知有多種工具夾持系 統可簡單且快速地替換工具。 ’、 對於該些工具夾持系統具有多種需求。 + 目：¾ ’該些系 統應可允許工具之精確設置’其中在替換工 ^ 具之後，相應 工具之調整亦要維持。第二，夾持力當然要高，則在軸的 整個速度（轉速）範圍内可傳送相應之力矩。 ’ 取決於速度範圍以及所使用之工具的 开的尺寸而使用不同 的夾持系統。尤其在小型高迷鑽孔工具中 丹甲，可使用圓錐夾 套來作為夾持系統。 在小型鑽孔或碾磨工具之例子中，通骨 、 „ m策要達到高速（轉200911421 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a clip holder, a special type of hot holder for holding a tool shank in place. [Prior Art] The shaft device is ^ m ^ T a ^ ^ 勹 first, vector in the field of mechanical construction. Shaft devices are commonly used in machine tools to drive a rotating or drilling operation of a tool. A corresponding appropriate Zhou Tian tool is inserted into the shaft depending on the operation to be performed. Usually a variety of work is required in the machining of the workpiece, p Tuss / /, a variety of tool holding systems are known to replace the tool simply and quickly. There are various needs for these tool clamping systems. + Objective: 3⁄4 ‘These systems should allow the precise setting of the tool’. After the replacement tool, the adjustment of the corresponding tool is also maintained. Second, the clamping force is of course high, and the corresponding torque can be transmitted over the entire speed (speed) of the shaft. Depending on the speed range and the size of the tool used, different clamping systems are used. Especially in the small and fascinating drilling tools, the conical jacket can be used as the clamping system. In the case of small drilling or grinding tools, the bones, the „m policy must reach high speed (turn
速）以符合對於工具之切削速度的要求。缺A 4 淡向，在高速下， 離心力會作用，圓錐夾套則會因為其 ' 雙見而使得在高速下 之夾持力降低。 由於高速所造成之變寬現象已藉由軔古从 仪呵的吸弓丨力來抵 銷之。然而，較高的吸引力需要較大型之 " ^貢組件，其會 5 200911421 損害轴的動力性能，並且限制軸的最大可能速度。習知之 彈簧預載夾套系統的速度限制為約300,000 reWmin (每分 鐘旋轉速）。若需要較高之速度，則必須要使用不同的夾持 系統。 熱夾座則是構成將工具夾持就位之選擇性系統。在熱 夾座中，物質的熱膨脹係用於將工具夾持就位且再次釋放 之。爽座經加熱後會膨脹1夾持套管的内徑變寬，此允 許移除及替換工具。藉由接續冷卻該夾座，夾持套管會再 次收縮，則工具會夾持就位。由於熱夾座之較小外徑之故， 由於離心力所造成變寬之問題則實質降低。 在此實例中加熱夾座與冷卻夾座之間的溫度差異亦 稱為升溫範圍，此亦可用於量測所提供之能量。 然而’在小型軸及工具之實例中，會發生與熱夾座相 關之問題’此乃因為夾座相當大程度的加熱貝,丨熱會擴散 至整個軸，因而損害軸承配置以及傳動裝^ (例如由於使 軸磁場減弱）。 因此，需要一種升溫為最小化的熱夹座。 【發明内容】 根據本發明，提出如申請專利範圍第i項所述之夾座。 根據本發明之夾座係用於將_工具柄爽持就位，該失 座包括：—可熱膨脹之爽持套管，其係由具有高熱膨脹係 數之材料製成；以及複數個插入件（insert)，其係由具有 低熱膨脹係數之材料製《，並且配置於工具柄及夾持套管 200911421 之間。 已知的物 向異性的 一主體因為溫度改變而產生之尺寸變化係為 理現象，此可應用於等向（is〇tr〇pic)與各 (anisotropic)固態主體以及液體、氣體。 本發明之考量係以簡單方式說明，並參照等向 體之線性熱膨脹係數的方程式。 l芏 因此，具有熱膨脹係數α的主體之長度的絕對 △L，以及在升溫範圍八丁下的長度[為： △ L= a •L.At 不僅取決於材料特有之 亦取決於在起始溫度下 因此，長度的絕對改變值 熱膨脹係數α以及升溫範圍△T， 之絕對長度。 h工具柄通常被夾持就位於夾持套管中。爽持套管具有 :叱之内徑，工具柄具有特定之外徑。當夾持套管加熱時， ，、内徑增加直到其最終大於工具柄之外徑某一程度，則工 具柄可插人夾持套管中。當夾持套管冷卻時，夾持套管會 縮至工具柄上，則工具柄會穩固地設置在夾座中。 ,因此為了在溫度增加之同時而增加夾持套管的絕對 /脹首先，夾座之材料係經選擇而具有高熱膨脹係數。 再者，夾持套管之内徑必須經過選擇而盡可能為大， 因而可以在特定溫度下使失持套管的内徑盡可能地膨脹。 為了不論夾持套管内徑的增加而仍然能夠夾持小型工 2則在夾持套管與工具之間插設有複數個插入件，而該 些插入件係由具有低熱膨脹係數之材料製成。 7 200911421 例如 計，由於 強度及抗 夾持 的熱膨脹 金。 由於 熱膨脹會 實質較大 服，且在 較小之升 插入 管膨脹時 物而在工 為了 則可設置 已證 特別有利 120° ，因 有彎曲的: 由實 160〇K。1 (fatigue 能量可減. 基於氮化矽之陶瓷材料係特別適於插入件之設 除了陶瓷本身之低熱膨脹係數，其亦具有高壓縮 刮性。 套s之熱膨脹係數係經選擇以充分地高於插入件 係數。夾持套管之可能材料例如為鋁合金及鎳合 插入件具有低熱膨脹係數，則夾持套管之内徑的 直 拉.tit ^ 送·至工具的外徑，因此產生插入件内徑之 的膨脹〇萁+ i 右在工具處建立了内徑之特定絕對膨 此内徑膨脹下可進行工具之㈣，因此，僅需要 則可達到相應之膨脹程度。 件可以緊固地連接至夾持套管，藉A，在夾持套 ’插入件不舍4 桿出。然而’插入件亦可藉由網狀 具之後端連接。 使插入件能夠# .. 隨者爽持套管的膨脹運動而移動’ 貧複數個插入件 ^ ^ ^ 件，其係填入圓弧之片段。 實提供以旋轅m ί稱方式設置之至少三個插入件係 的。舉例來銳，_ ° ，二個插入件係設置而使彼此偏移 比，可獲得=_ ㈣剖面。插入件之旋轉對稱。插入件可具 驗得知充足之除 少服所需的升溫係由250°K降至 「先，其優點如. •夾持套管以及軸的疲勞強度 strength )不 i 企. 少。第_ ， 又到所需之升溫影響，且施加的 ' 入件可以保護夾持套管不因工具的 8 200911421 頻繁替換而磨#。再者，在由工具柄所造成之損傷或是相 ‘的高磨知事件尹，僅需替換—或多個插入件而不需替換 全部的夾持套管。 為了提供所需之升溫，可利用氣態或液態之基質而由 熱裝置施加能4 ’或是亦可透過内部加熱裝置而施加 能量（例如感應線圈）。 感應加熱之優點在於短的加熱時間及高功率密度。 不論所u的加熱系統，該加熱系統可配置而直接位於 輛本身内，或是在工具替換裝置上。 【實施方式】 第1圖」顯不根據本發明而用於將工具柄3夾持就 位之夾座1 〇的剖面視圖。 夾座10 °括可熱膨脹的夾持套管卜該套管1由具有 高熱膨脹係數之材料贺志。s 土 τ叶製成再者，夾座10包括三個插入件 (insert) 2，其係彼此偽软 做此偏移120 ，並配置在工具柄3與夾 持套管1之間。 • &叫’共具有低熱膨脹係數，里 且各自與夾持套管1緊固地連接。 「第1圖」顯*根據本發明之處於夾持狀態的夹屋 10 ’夾持套管1係為冷卻的， 邯的並且以於徑向方向施加之矣 待力而將工具柄3緊固地夾捭 符就位，而此夾持力係由夾相 套管1透過陶瓷插入件2而傳 寻送至工具相3。由於陶瓷具 有兩壓縮強度，因此，此好姓 、 b材枓特別適於傳送徑向夾持力。 9 200911421 「第2 夾持套 隨之膨脹。 則夾持套管 係數）而更 度膨脹會直 低之溫度就 此膨脹則可 因此藉 允許工具在 惟本發 定本發明， 和範圍内所 【圖式簡單 第1圖 面視圖。 第2圖 面視圖。 【主要元件 1 套管 3 工具： 圖」鳍'不根據本發明而處於釋放狀態之夾座1〇。 管1係經加熱而呈現一溫度升高狀態，且因而 由於失持套管1本身所具有的高熱膨脹係數， 1會相較於插入件2(其材料為具有低熱膨脹 為實質膨脹。因此，夾持套管j之内徑的大幅 接傳送至工具柄3的外徑。因此只需要實質較 可以在工具柄3之外徑處造成所需的膨脹，而 供替換工具柄3。 由本發明之夾座裝置而可提供一裝置，該裝置 較小之升溫範圍内改變。 明雖以較佳實施例說明如上，然其並非用以限 任何熟習此技術人員，在不脫離本發明的精神 作的更動與潤飾’仍應屬本發明的技術範 說明】 ，繪示根據本發明而處於夾持狀態之夾座的剖 ，繪示根據本發明而處於釋放狀態之夾座的剖 符號說明 插入件 夾座 10Speed) to meet the cutting speed requirements of the tool. In the absence of A 4, the centrifugal force will act at high speed, and the conical jacket will reduce the clamping force at high speed because of its double view. The widening caused by the high speed has been offset by the shackles of the ancients. However, the higher appeal requires the larger "^tribute component, which will impair the dynamic performance of the shaft and limit the maximum possible speed of the shaft. Conventional spring preloaded jacket systems have a speed limit of approximately 300,000 reWmin (speed of rotation per minute). If a higher speed is required, a different clamping system must be used. The hot holder is the selective system that holds the tool in place. In the hot holder, the thermal expansion of the material is used to hold the tool in place and release it again. The seat is expanded by heating and the inner diameter of the clamping sleeve is widened, which allows the tool to be removed and replaced. By successively cooling the holder, the clamping sleeve will again contract and the tool will be held in place. Due to the smaller outer diameter of the hot chuck, the problem of widening due to centrifugal force is substantially reduced. The difference in temperature between the heated holder and the cooling holder in this example is also referred to as the temperature rise range, which can also be used to measure the energy provided. However, 'in the case of small shafts and tools, problems associated with hot chucks occur.' This is because the clamps are heated to a considerable extent, and the heat spreads to the entire shaft, thus damaging the bearing arrangement and the drive assembly ( For example, due to the weakening of the shaft magnetic field). Therefore, there is a need for a hot chuck that minimizes temperature rise. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a holder as described in the item i of the patent application is proposed. The clip holder according to the present invention is used to hold the tool holder in place, the lost seat comprising: a thermally expandable sleeve that is made of a material having a high coefficient of thermal expansion; and a plurality of inserts ( Insert), which is made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and is disposed between the tool shank and the clamping sleeve 200911421. The dimensional change of a known body of anisotropic body due to temperature changes is a rational phenomenon, which can be applied to isotropic and aisotropic solid bodies as well as liquids and gases. The considerations of the present invention are illustrated in a simple manner with reference to the equation of the linear thermal expansion coefficient of the isotropic body. l芏 Therefore, the absolute ΔL of the length of the body having the coefficient of thermal expansion α, and the length under the temperature range of eight dicans [for: Δ L = a • L. At depends not only on the material but also on the initial temperature Therefore, the absolute value of the length changes the value of the thermal expansion coefficient α and the absolute range of the temperature rise range ΔT. h The tool shank is usually clamped in the clamping sleeve. The cool holding sleeve has an inner diameter of the crucible, and the tool shank has a specific outer diameter. When the clamping sleeve is heated, the inner diameter is increased until it is eventually greater than the outer diameter of the tool shank, and the tool shank can be inserted into the clamping sleeve. When the clamping sleeve is cooled, the clamping sleeve will be retracted onto the tool shank and the tool shank will be securely placed in the holder. Therefore, in order to increase the absolute/expansion of the clamping sleeve while increasing the temperature, the material of the holder is selected to have a high coefficient of thermal expansion. Furthermore, the inner diameter of the clamping sleeve must be selected to be as large as possible so that the inner diameter of the lost sleeve can be expanded as much as possible at a particular temperature. In order to be able to hold the small work 2 regardless of the increase in the inner diameter of the clamping sleeve, a plurality of inserts are interposed between the clamping sleeve and the tool, and the inserts are made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. . 7 200911421 For example, due to strength and thermal expansion resistance to clamping. Since the thermal expansion is substantially larger, and the expansion of the insertion tube is smaller, it can be set to be particularly favorable for 120°, because of the bending: from 160 〇K. 1 (fatigue energy can be reduced. The ceramic material based on tantalum nitride is particularly suitable for the insertion of the insert. In addition to the low thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic itself, it also has a high compression scraping property. The thermal expansion coefficient of the sleeve s is selected to be sufficiently high. In the insert factor. Possible materials for clamping the sleeve, such as aluminum alloy and nickel inserts, have a low coefficient of thermal expansion, so that the inner diameter of the clamping sleeve is pulled straight. The tap is sent to the outer diameter of the tool, thus producing The expansion of the inner diameter of the insert i + i right at the tool to establish a specific absolute expansion of the inner diameter of the inner diameter of the tool can be carried out (4), therefore, only need to achieve the corresponding degree of expansion. Groundly connected to the clamping sleeve, by A, in the clamping sleeve 'inserts are not sticking out of the rod. However, the insert can also be connected by the rear end of the mesh. The insert can be #.. The expansion movement of the casing moves a 'plurality of a plurality of inserts ^ ^ ^ pieces, which are filled with segments of the arc. It is provided with at least three inserts arranged in a manner of a rotary m. _ °, two inserts are set to make Offset ratio, the =_ (four) profile is obtained. The rotation of the insert is symmetrical. The insert can be found to be sufficient. The temperature rise required for the service is reduced from 250 °K to "first, its advantages are as follows. The casing and the fatigue strength of the shaft are not. The _, and the required temperature rise effect, and the applied 'injection can protect the clamping sleeve from being cleaned by the tool's 8 200911421 frequent replacement. Furthermore, in the event of damage caused by the tool shank or the high-gloss event of the phase, it is only necessary to replace - or multiple inserts without replacing all of the clamping sleeves. To provide the required temperature rise, The energy can be applied by the thermal device 4' or the internal heating device can be used to apply energy (for example, an induction coil). The advantages of induction heating are short heating time and high power density. System, the heating system can be configured directly in the vehicle itself, or on the tool replacement device. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a clamp holder 1 for holding the tool shank 3 in place according to the present invention. A section view of the 〇. The clamping seat 10° includes a thermally expandable clamping sleeve. The sleeve 1 is made of a material having a high coefficient of thermal expansion. The shovel is made of τ leaves, and the holder 10 includes three inserts 2 which are pseudo-softly offset from each other and disposed between the tool shank 3 and the holding sleeve 1. • & 'has a total of low coefficient of thermal expansion, each of which is securely coupled to the clamping sleeve 1 . "Fig. 1" shows that the clamp housing 1 in the clamped state according to the present invention is cooled, twisted and tightened by the force applied in the radial direction to tighten the tool shank 3 The grip is in place and the gripping force is transmitted from the phase-clamping sleeve 1 through the ceramic insert 2 to the tool phase 3. Since ceramics have two compressive strengths, this good name and b material are particularly suitable for transmitting radial clamping forces. 9 200911421 "The 2nd clamping sleeve will expand accordingly. Then the casing factor will be clamped." The expansion will be lower and the temperature will be increased. Therefore, the tool can be used to specify the invention and the scope. Brief view of the first drawing. Fig. 2 is a view. [Main component 1 Casing 3 Tool: Fig. Fin] A holder 1 that is not in a released state according to the present invention. The tube 1 is heated to exhibit a temperature rise state, and thus due to the high coefficient of thermal expansion of the lost sleeve 1 itself, 1 will be substantially expanded compared to the insert 2 (the material of which has a low thermal expansion). The large diameter of the inner diameter of the clamping sleeve j is transmitted to the outer diameter of the tool shank 3. Therefore, it is only necessary to substantially cause the required expansion at the outer diameter of the tool shank 3, and the replacement tool shank 3. The clamping device can provide a device which is changed within a small temperature range. Although the above description is by way of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the skilled person, without departing from the spirit of the invention. The change and refinement 'still should be a technical description of the present invention', showing a cross-section of the holder in a clamped state according to the present invention, showing a cross-sectional symbol of the holder in a released state according to the present invention, illustrating the insert holder Block 10