200905037 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大致上係關於一種用於製造具有附加材料之施 加圖案的香煙包裝紙之方法。特別是，本發明係關於一種 用於製造具有特殊配方氧化澱粉材料的香煙包裝紙之方法 【先前技術】 香煙用的包裝紙可被製作成具有附加材料之圖案，以 降低使用包裝紙製作之吸煙用品的引燃傾向之特性。降低 引燃傾向之特性係表示：當吸煙用品不小心在未注意的情 況下被留置在底材上時，可以降低吸煙用品引起底材燃燒 的能力。 依照本發明，可以將含有水性澱粉溶液之附加材料的 預設圖案施用於包裝紙的基網。預設圖案可包括多個橫向 帶狀紋、多個縱向帶狀紋、被處理區域的二維陣列或任何 其它適合的圖案。這些預設圖案較佳係利用印刷技術來施 用，例如凹版印刷、平版印刷、噴墨印刷、噴塗、模印等 。最佳可使用凹版印刷。 爲了改善由包裝紙所製成之吸煙用品之引燃傾向的特 性，較佳是將含有氧化澱粉之印刷溶液施用於圖案上。較 佳的印刷特性可以利用水性澱粉溶液來達成’其室溫黏度 不大於約50 mP a· s(厘泊，cP)’並且較佳是由乾燥時爲約4 至約40微米之粒子所製得’同時約有90%的粒子在潮濕時 爲約10至約1〇〇微米的範圍內。此外’澱粉溶液最好能夠 是微酸性，pH値在約6至約6_5的範圍內。用於印刷溶液 200905037 的澱粉較好是與水混合，以形成一種具有約20%至約24%( 重量％)澱粉濃度的印刷溶液。印刷溶液的另一項期望的特 性是相當高的表面張力，例如，6.5 xlC^Nm·1 (65達因/公分） 或更高的等級。 如有需要，印刷溶液可以二層或以上施用於基網。這 些層可以彼此垂直對齊、彼此偏移、有些部分彼此有間隔.. 等。此外，如有需要，可在一或多層的薄層中含有傳統的 塡料，如碳.酸銘。 【發明內容】 一般而言’可以將附加材料的預設圖案施用於包裝紙 的基網’以獲得改進的引燃傾向（“IP”）特性，以及獲得改進 的自熄（“ S E ”）特性。引燃傾向是一種標準測試，其係依照 ASTM E 2 1 87-04所提出”測量吸煙用品之燃燒強度之標準 測試方法”的方式來進行，其藉由引用而完全倂入本文參照 。引燃傾向係量測當吸煙用品被置放在底材上時，吸煙用 品將產生足夠熱量以維持菸絲桿靜態燃燒的機率。期望能 有低的ip値’因爲這樣的數値代表悶燒吸煙用品造成下方 底材燃燒的可能性較低。 此外’附加材料的預設圖案通常是施用於所具有之滲 透率介於約20至約80 CORES TA單元範圍內的基網。當乾 燥時，附加材料通常會在基網上形成一層薄膜，其可有效 的局部降低渗透率’使該數値介於〇至約1〇 C0RESTA單 元範圍內。在一些應用上’這種附加材料係以包含澱粉之 水溶液的形式來施用。 η人思外地發現，當圖案化的原紙被製成吸煙用品時 200905037 ，澱粉材料的某些特性可使得預設圖案產生非常低的引燃 傾向値。更令人驚訝的瞭解是：在某些知名澱粉材料的標 準規格中，材料性質在每批之間的變動會影響到所得吸煙 用品之引燃傾向。舉例來說，由國家澱粉&化學品公司所提 供之Flo-Max 8氧化樹薯澱粉商品之規格可得知1%溶液的 pH値是介在4.5至6.5的範圍內，而粒子的分子量則是超 過1 0,000。令人驚訝的，當以pH値介在約6至6.5之範圍 內的Flo-Max 8批料將預設圖案施加於基網時，與其它PH 値約小於6但仍在製造商規格範圍內的Flo-Max 8其它批 料相比，其引燃傾向已被發現有非常明顯的改善。 在薄膜施用於包裝紙時所選用的澱粉參數將會需要有 各種不同的均衡或交換的考量。舉例來說，雖然高分子量 的澱粉可以有效降低滲透率，但此種高分子量的澱粉只能 以低濃度來使用，因而導致溶液具有非常高的水含量。但 是水含量高的薄膜很難在多孔的包裝紙上有效地被乾燥。 此外，已發現澱粉溶液的表面張力會影響小氣泡的滯留一 低表面張力可使得較小的氣泡停留在溶液中，但是高表面 張力則會使氣泡集結並且自溶液中分離出來，而產生可施 用於包裝紙之更均勻且一致的材料。 雖然不是完全了解原因，但氧化澱粉的較佳pH範圍相 信應會造成澱粉聚合物鏈的氧化程度較低--或較不完全， 而產生比更酸（亦即較低pH値）之澱粉還要更多、更長的聚 合物鏈。 此外，較長的聚合物鏈可產生具有較高黏度的溶液。 當較高黏度之澱粉溶液在印刷方法中被施用於包裝紙時， 200905037 可以得到較佳的控制結果。 基於這些瞭解，硏究結果發現：對於具有特殊和改良 特性的澱粉溶液所形成之圖案化包裝紙而言’其在引燃傾 向方面有明顯的改善。含有氧化澱粉之水溶液的特性包括 :pH値在約6至約6.5的範圍內；表面張力至少爲約 6.5 χ1(Γ2Ν πΓ 1 ( 6 5達因/公分）；室溫黏度不大於約50 mPa_ s :並且乾燥粒子的粒徑分佈是在約4至約40微米的範圍內 ’而在潮濕時大約有9 0 %的粒子在1 〇至約1 〇 〇微米的範圍 內。此外，粒子所具有的分子量較好是能使溶液所具有的 澱粉濃度在約20%至約24%的範圍內。較佳的是’澱粉能 包含氧化樹薯澱粉。 施用於基網或包裝紙之水性澱粉溶液通常是藉由製造 澱粉/水混合物而製得，其係首先將所需重量的乾燥澱粉粉 末與所需重量的室溫水（亦即在約15°C至約25 °C )混合在一 起，以獲得具有預設濃度之澱粉/水混合物。例如，要製 備一種預設濃度爲20 %的澱粉/水溶液，須將20重量份的 澱粉與8 0重量份的水混合。接著將澱粉/水溶液在約9 0 °C 至約95°C的升高次沸騰溫度範圍內（亦即低於沸點的溫度） 加熱。使澱粉/水溶液維持在此高溫約2 0至約3 0分鐘以 使其均熱。接著將澱粉/水溶液冷卻至室溫。冷卻步驟可 以被動的方式來進行，例如藉由自然發生的熱傳方法；或 者是冷卻步驟以主動（強制）的方式來進行’例如藉由浸入 冷卻浴液或者是使用傳統的機械冷卻系統。在攪拌步驟、 加熱步驟、均熱步驟和冷卻步驟的整個過程中須攪拌澱粉 /水混合物。攪拌可以是連續或是實質上連續的。如果有 200905037 額外的成分，如碳酸鈣，要摻入澱粉/水溶液之中時 些成分必需在澱粉/水溶液於均熱步驟之後並回復到 以後再添加。 具有上述所列特性且依前述方式來製備的水性澱 液可以利用許多印刷技術中的任一種方法施用於基網 包括（僅爲舉例而非加以侷限）由凹版印刷、平版印刷 墨印刷、噴塗和模印所構成之組群。其它印刷方法也 適合使用，並且可列入本專利申請書所教示的範圍內 而，較佳係使用凹版印刷將澱粉溶液施用至基網上， 得一種圖案化的包裝紙。 【實施方式】 例如（請參考第1圖），將包裝紙的基網1 0由筒1 送出至凹版印刷系統1 4，在該處將依照前述說明所製 澱粉溶液的預設圖案施加於基網1 0。具有新施加預設 的基網10係在收集筒管16之上收集。在其它的傳統 中，圖案化包裝紙的筒管1 6可用來製作用於製造吸煙 (例如香煙）之菸絲桿。 凹版印刷系統1 4可包括一、二、三或更多個印刷 作14a、14b、14c。這些操作基本上是相同的，描述其 個的細節即足以了解其它操作的相對應細節。上述的 溶液可以供料至貯液槽2 0，再由它抽送或以其它方式 到具有圖案化表面的凹版印刷輥筒2 2。該輥筒2 2在 溶液的浴液中滾動。當凹版印刷輥筒2 2滾動時，澱粉 會被刮刀組合2 3自輥筒表面擦去，因此當凹版印刷 2 2與基網1 〇在凹版印刷輥筒2 2和彈性包覆之逆向輥 ，那 g溫 粉溶 上’ 、噴 可能 。然 以獲 ξ 12 備之 圖案 步驟 用品 器操 中一 澱粉 供應 澱粉 溶液 輥筒 筒24 200905037 之間的壓印線接觸時，澱粉溶液可將凹版印刷輥筒22之表 面上的圖案轉移到基網。 在經過適當的乾燥之後，可以將基網10送去進行一或 多項其它的印刷操作14b、l4c’在該處可將一或多層額外 的源粉材料以相同或不同的預設圖案施用於基網10。如有 需要’在其它印刷操作中的澱粉材料可包含其它成分，例 如碳酸鈣。此外’如有需要，.可將含有碳酸鈣的澱粉溶液 施用第一印刷操作1 4 a中’同時將不含碳酸鈣的澱粉溶液 施用於第二或後續的印刷操作1 4b、1 4c中。 基網10(請參考第2圖）通常具有橫向或跨網方向（以箭 號30來標不）以及縱向（以箭號32來標示）。附加材料的預 設圖案可包括多個橫向的（一般是平行的）區域或帶狀紋34 。這些帶狀紋可沿著基網1 0的長度方向上均勻地間隔，或 者是在菸絲桿長度和香煙成品的製造物的方向上以重覆出 現的間隔性圖案來安排。 或者是，基網10可包括例如一或多個附加材料之縱向 延伸區域或條紋3 6的預設圖案（請參考第3圖）。如有需要 ，預設圖案也可包含附加材料的二維陣列區域3 8 (請參考第 4圖），其係沿著基網1 〇和/或橫跨基網分隔開來。 此外，如前所述，附加材料可以施用於二層或以上的 薄層40、42中（請參考第5圖）。如有需要的話，這些薄層 可以彼此之間完全對齊並且有共同空間。或者是，上層42 可以劃分或切割成兩個部分42a、42b，每一個皆是疊置在 第一層或下層40之上，而在兩個部分42a、42b之間存在 了一個空間。此空間可以在基網10的縱軸方向或者是橫軸 -10- 200905037 方向上延伸。又或者是，上層42可疊置在下層40 但是其間沒有共同空間。 吸煙用品（請參考第6圖）包含了菸絲桿20 5和鴻 ’其係藉由濾嘴紙209而彼此連接在一起。菸絲桿 括依照本發明所教授構成的包裝紙2 1 0。 當”大約”乙詞連同數値一起被用於本專利申請 ’其係表示所伴隨的數値將包括所陳述數値再加上 容差。此外，當本發明申請書中提及到百分比時， 示以重量爲基準的百分比，亦即重量百分比。 很明顯地，在本發明申請書中已充份詳細的描 種新的、改良的且非顯而易見的方法，其係用於製 化包裝紙之方法，對於在此技術領域具有通常技術 當可了解。此外，對於習於本技術領域者而言，可 的看出本發明之特性存在了許多不同的修改、變異 及等效的作法，而不會實質偏離本發明的精神和範 此，所有如同申請專利範圍中所定義之此類落於本 精神和範疇內的修改、變異、取代及等效作法皆明 爲包含在本發明申請專利的範圍內。 【圖式簡單說明】 當習於本技術領域者在閱讀本文內容並配合所 時，當可清楚看出本發明的許多目的和優點，其中 的參考數字係對照到相關的元件’並且其中： 第1圖爲凹槽印刷方法的槪要圖； 第2圖爲具有橫向印刷區域之包裝紙的槪要圖 第3圖爲具有縱向印刷區域之包裝紙的槪要圖 之上， :嘴 2 0 7 20 5包 書中時 ±10% 的 其係表 述了一 造圖案 能力者 以明顯 、取代 疇。因 發明之 確被視 附圖示 附圖中 -11 - 200905037 第4圖爲具有二維圖案之包裝紙的槪要圖； 第5圖爲多層印刷區域的剖視圖； 第6圖爲具有以本發明所揭露之包裝紙所構建之菸絲 桿的吸煙用品之透視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 包 裝 紙 的 基 網 12 筒 管 14 凹 版 印 刷 系 統 14a 印 刷 機 操 作 14b 印 刷 機 操 作 14c 印 刷 機 操 作 16 收 集 筒 管 20 貯 液 槽 22 輥 筒 23 刮 刀 組 合 24 逆 向 輥 筒 3 0 箭 號 32 m 號 34 帶 狀 紋 3 6 條 紋 3 8 二 維 陣 列 40 下 層 42 上 層 42a 部 分 上 層 42b 部 分 上 層 -12- 200905037 205 薛絲桿 207 濾嘴 209 濾嘴紙 2 10 包裝紙200905037 IX. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing a cigarette wrapper having an applied pattern of an additional material. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing a cigarette wrapper having a specially formulated oxidized starch material. [Prior Art] Wrapping paper for cigarettes can be made into a pattern with additional materials to reduce smoking using wrapping paper. The characteristics of the ignition tendency of the article. The characteristic of lowering the tendency to ignite means that when the smoking article is inadvertently left on the substrate without being noticed, the ability of the smoking article to cause the burning of the substrate can be reduced. In accordance with the present invention, a predetermined pattern of additional material containing an aqueous starch solution can be applied to the base web of the wrapper. The predetermined pattern may comprise a plurality of transverse strips, a plurality of longitudinal strips, a two-dimensional array of areas to be treated, or any other suitable pattern. These predetermined patterns are preferably applied by printing techniques such as gravure printing, lithography, ink jet printing, spray coating, stamping, and the like. The best use of gravure printing. In order to improve the ignition tendency of the smoking article made of the wrapping paper, it is preferred to apply the printing solution containing the oxidized starch to the pattern. Preferred printing characteristics can be achieved by using an aqueous starch solution to achieve a 'temperature at room temperature of no greater than about 50 mPa a s (centipoise, cP)' and preferably from about 4 to about 40 microns when dry. It is said that at the same time about 90% of the particles are in the range of about 10 to about 1 〇〇 micrometer when wet. Further, the 'starch solution is preferably slightly acidic, and the pH 値 is in the range of from about 6 to about 6-5. The starch used in the printing solution 200905037 is preferably mixed with water to form a printing solution having a starch concentration of from about 20% to about 24% by weight. Another desirable characteristic of printing solutions is the relatively high surface tension, for example, 6.5 x 1 C^Nm·1 (65 dynes/cm) or higher. The printing solution can be applied to the base web in two or more layers if necessary. These layers may be vertically aligned with each other, offset from each other, and some portions are spaced apart from each other. In addition, if necessary, conventional tanning materials such as carbon and acid may be contained in one or more layers. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In general, 'a predetermined pattern of additional materials can be applied to the base web of the wrapper' to obtain improved ignition tendency ("IP") characteristics, as well as improved self-extinguishing ("SE") characteristics. . The tendency to ignite is a standard test which is carried out in accordance with the "Standard Test Method for Measuring the Combustion Strength of Smoking Articles" proposed by ASTM E 2 1 87-04, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Ignition propensity measures When a smoking article is placed on a substrate, the smoking article will generate enough heat to maintain the chance of static burning of the tobacco rod. It is expected that there will be a low ip 値 because such a number indicates that the smoldering smoking article is less likely to cause the underlying substrate to burn. Further, the predetermined pattern of additional material is typically applied to a base web having a permeability in the range of from about 20 to about 80 CORES TA units. When dry, the additional material typically forms a film on the base web that effectively reduces the permeability locally. This number is between 〇 and about 1 〇 C0RESTA unit. In some applications, such additional materials are applied in the form of an aqueous solution comprising starch. η people have discovered that when patterned base paper is made into smoking articles 200905037, certain characteristics of starch materials can make the preset pattern produce a very low ignition tendency. A more surprising understanding is that in the standard specifications of some well-known starch materials, the variation in material properties between batches affects the ignition tendency of the resulting smoking article. For example, the specifications of the Flo-Max 8 oxidized potato starch product provided by the National Starch & Chemical Company can be found that the pH of the 1% solution is in the range of 4.5 to 6.5, and the molecular weight of the particles is More than 10,000. Surprisingly, when a Flo-Max 8 batch with a pH range of between about 6 and 6.5 is applied to the base web, the other pH is less than about 6 but still within the manufacturer's specifications. Compared to other batches of Flo-Max 8, the ignition tendency has been found to have a very significant improvement. The starch parameters selected for application of the film to the wrapper will require a variety of different equilibrium or exchange considerations. For example, although high molecular weight starch can effectively reduce the permeability, such high molecular weight starch can only be used at low concentrations, resulting in a solution having a very high water content. However, a film having a high water content is difficult to be effectively dried on a porous wrapping paper. In addition, it has been found that the surface tension of the starch solution affects the retention of small bubbles. A low surface tension allows smaller bubbles to stay in solution, but high surface tension causes the bubbles to collect and separate from the solution, resulting in application. A more uniform and consistent material on the wrapper. Although not fully understood, the preferred pH range for oxidized starch is believed to result in a lower degree of oxidation of the starch polymer chain - or less complete, resulting in a starch that is more acidic (ie, lower pH 値) than More and longer polymer chains. In addition, longer polymer chains can produce solutions with higher viscosities. When the higher viscosity starch solution is applied to the wrapper in the printing process, 200905037 can obtain better control results. Based on these findings, the results of the investigation revealed that there was a significant improvement in the ignition tendency for the patterned wrapping paper formed by the starch solution having special and improved properties. The characteristics of the aqueous solution containing oxidized starch include: pH 値 in the range of from about 6 to about 6.5; surface tension of at least about 6.5 χ1 (Γ2Ν πΓ 1 (65 dynes/cm); room temperature viscosity not greater than about 50 mPa_s And the particle size distribution of the dried particles is in the range of from about 4 to about 40 micrometers, and about 90% of the particles in the range of from 1 Torr to about 1 〇〇 micrometer when wet. In addition, the particles have Preferably, the molecular weight is such that the solution has a starch concentration in the range of from about 20% to about 24%. Preferably, the starch can comprise oxidized tapioca starch. The aqueous starch solution applied to the base web or wrapping paper is typically Prepared by making a starch/water mixture by first mixing the desired weight of dry starch powder with the desired weight of room temperature water (i.e., at about 15 ° C to about 25 ° C) to obtain A starch/water mixture having a predetermined concentration. For example, to prepare a starch/water solution having a preset concentration of 20%, 20 parts by weight of starch must be mixed with 80 parts by weight of water. Then the starch/water solution is about 9 0 ° C to about 95 ° C in the elevated sub-boiling temperature range (ie, the temperature below the boiling point) is heated. The starch/water solution is maintained at this high temperature for about 20 to about 30 minutes to make it soaked. The starch/water solution is then cooled to room temperature. The cooling step can be carried out in a passive manner. Performing, for example, by a naturally occurring heat transfer method; or cooling step in an active (mandatory) manner, for example by immersion in a cooling bath or using a conventional mechanical cooling system. In the agitation step, the heating step, both The starch/water mixture must be agitated throughout the thermal and cooling steps. Stirring can be continuous or substantially continuous. If there are additional ingredients in 200905037, such as calcium carbonate, the ingredients must be incorporated into the starch/water solution. The starch/water solution is added after the soaking step and is returned to later. The aqueous lake solution having the properties listed above and prepared in the foregoing manner can be applied to the base network using any of a number of printing techniques including (for example only Not limited to) a group consisting of gravure printing, lithographic ink printing, spray coating, and stamping. Other printing methods It is suitable for use and can be included in the scope of the present patent application. Preferably, the starch solution is applied to the base web by gravure printing to obtain a patterned wrapping paper. [Embodiment] For example, please refer to 1)), the base web 10 of the wrapper is fed from the cartridge 1 to the gravure printing system 14 where the predetermined pattern of the starch solution prepared in accordance with the foregoing description is applied to the base web 10. With a new applied preset The base web 10 is collected over the collection bobbin 16. In other traditions, the bobbin 16 of the patterned wrapper can be used to make a tobacco rod for making smoking (e.g., cigarettes). The gravure printing system 1 4 can One, two, three or more prints 14a, 14b, 14c are included. These operations are basically the same, and the details of which are described are sufficient to understand the corresponding details of other operations. The above solution may be fed to the sump 20 and pumped or otherwise drawn to the intaglio roll 2 2 having a patterned surface. The roller 2 2 rolls in the bath of the solution. When the gravure roll 2 2 rolls, the starch is wiped off the surface of the roll by the doctor blade combination 2 3, so when the gravure printing 2 2 and the base web 1 are rubbed in the gravure roll 2 2 and the elastic coated reverse roll, That g warm powder dissolves on ', spray may be. The starch solution can transfer the pattern on the surface of the gravure roll 22 to the base web when the embossing line between the starch supply starch solution roll cylinder 24 200905037 is contacted with the pattern step of the preparation step. . After appropriate drying, the base web 10 can be sent for one or more other printing operations 14b, 14c' where one or more additional source powder materials can be applied to the base in the same or different predetermined patterns. Net 10. If desired, the starch material in other printing operations may contain other ingredients such as calcium carbonate. Further, if desired, the calcium carbonate-containing starch solution can be applied to the first printing operation 14a while the calcium carbonate-free starch solution is applied to the second or subsequent printing operations 14b, 14c. The base network 10 (see Figure 2) typically has a landscape or cross-web direction (marked by arrow 30) and a portrait orientation (indicated by arrow 32). The predetermined pattern of additional material may include a plurality of transverse (generally parallel) regions or strips 34. These strips may be evenly spaced along the length of the base web 10, or may be arranged in a repeating spacing pattern in the direction of the length of the tobacco rod and the article of manufacture of the finished cigarette. Alternatively, the base web 10 may include, for example, a longitudinally extending region of one or more additional materials or a predetermined pattern of stripes 36 (please refer to Figure 3). If desired, the preset pattern may also include a two-dimensional array of additional materials 3 8 (see Figure 4) that are spaced along the base web 1 and/or across the base web. Further, as described above, the additional material may be applied to the thin layers 40, 42 of two or more layers (refer to Fig. 5). These thin layers can be perfectly aligned with each other and have a common space if needed. Alternatively, the upper layer 42 can be divided or cut into two portions 42a, 42b, each of which is superposed on the first or lower layer 40 with a space between the two portions 42a, 42b. This space may extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the base network 10 or in the direction of the horizontal axis -10-200905037. Alternatively, the upper layer 42 may be stacked on the lower layer 40 without a common space therebetween. Smoking articles (please refer to Fig. 6) include tobacco rods 20 5 and ‧ which are connected to each other by filter paper 209. The tobacco rod comprises a wrapper 2 1 0 constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. When the word "about" is used in conjunction with the number of the singular application, it is intended to include the recited number and the tolerance. Further, when percentages are mentioned in the application of the present invention, percentages by weight, that is, weight percentages are shown. Obviously, a new, improved and non-obvious method has been described in detail in the application of the present invention, which is a method for making a wrapper, which is known to the art in the art. . In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, variations and equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Modifications, variations, substitutions, and equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Many objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the 1 is a schematic view of a fluted printing method; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wrapping paper having a lateral printing area. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wrapping paper having a longitudinal printing area: mouth 2 0 7 In the case of 20 books, ±10% of the books express a patterning ability to clearly and replace the domain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wrapper having a two-dimensional pattern; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-layer printed area; and FIG. 6 is a view showing the present invention. A perspective view of a smoking article of a tobacco rod constructed from the disclosed wrapping paper. [Main component symbol description] 10 Base paper for wrapping paper 12 Bobbin 14 Gravure printing system 14a Printing press operation 14b Printing press operation 14c Printing press operation 16 Collection bobbin 20 Liquid storage tank 22 Roller 23 Scraper combination 24 Reverse roller 3 0 Arrow 32 m No. 34 Band pattern 3 6 Stripe 3 8 Two-dimensional array 40 Lower layer 42 Upper layer 42a Part Upper layer 42b Part Upper layer -12- 200905037 205 Xuesi rod 207 Filter 209 Filter paper 2 10 Wrapping paper