TW200904990A - A method of monitoring microbiological activity in process streams - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus and method for monitoring microbiological activity in a process stream by measuring dissolved oxygen is disclosed. Bulk microbiological activity and surface associated biological activity are measured using this apparatus and method.

Description

200904990 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for monitoring microbial activity in a process stream and a method for monitoring microbial activity in a process stream. [Priority technology] Microbial growth in industrial water systems can lead to spoilage and surface area scale. If right growth is not properly controlled, then corruption can lead to unpleasant anger and reduce the function of the additive (for example, microbes can be used to make hydrogen peroxide, touch the plum to increase brightness, and produce cellulose that affects fiber strength) . The silk area is not added (4) When controlled, the biofilm produced will interfere with the heat father's and in the case of the paper making system, the biofilm will produce a manufacturing method! Again, the process needs to be stopped to clear the deposits from the surface. 'It may result in holes or spots from the surface of the finished paper or board product. Therefore, this water needs to be treated with a biocide to control microbial growth and prevent related problems. Because the corruption and biofilm formation in the industrial water system will cause different problems · and the planktonic and sessile bacteria will have different responses to biological control measures, so there is a need for biological control programs for these different models. The impact of microbial growth is monitored. Standard techniques for monitoring this water system are typically standard plate method techniques. These techniques require lengthy incubation periods and do not provide appropriate information for prior prevention and prevent problems associated with microbial growth. Recently, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurement has been used as a means of prior preventive control. However, this reagent is quite expensive and only from the large water system 200904090 . _ volume as a sample. Data collection is also insufficient, resulting in a significant separation of data. Therefore, this method provides only limited information on the state of the microorganisms in the system of interest. Moreover, these methods are typically used to monitor planktonic bacteria. However, in some cases, the surface may be wiped and analyzed to quantify biofilm bacteria. These methods are very monotonous and time consuming. Dissolved oxygen (d〇ss〇lved oxygen, D〇) detectors have been used to measure U biological activity in fluids, as microbial activity and gas-consuming metabolism lead to a decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration. U.S. Patent Nos. 5,190,728 and 5,282,537, the disclosure of each of each of each of each of each of each of However, this method requires the use of nutritional additives to distinguish between non-biofouling and biofouling, and it is not mentioned after the surface of the detector has been fouled. How to renew the detector for the step-by-step measurement. Moreover, the disclosed method requires a continuous supply of oxygen. 'Standard Clark type electrochemical D〇 detectors have many limitations, such as: chemical interference (h2S, pH, c〇2, Nh3, s〇4, 〇, ^Cl〇2, Me〇H, EtOH and A variety of different ionics), frequent calibration and film replacement, slow response and reading offset, thermal shock, and high flow rates required to pass the film. A new type of dissolved oxygen detector recently commercialized by a number of companies (e.g., HACH, Loveland, Colorado, USA) can overcome all of these limitations and can be measured on-line in process water. This new DO detector (LD〇) is based on the decay of the fluorescent lifetime, where the presence of oxygen shortens the fluorescent lifetime of the excited fluorophore. This fluorophore is attached to the film on the surface of the sensor and the excitation is provided by Blu-ray Led 200904990. U.S. Patent Nos. 5,698,412 and 5,8 5 6,1 19, both issued to Lee et al., disclose a method for monitoring and controlling biological activity in a fluid 'where the DO system is combined with a pH measurement to determine metabolic behavior. The transformation is especially about nutrient/matrix consumption. It still requires a reliable and convenient method to monitor the phytoplankton and biofilm bacteria in industrial waters to ensure that the biological control program properly controls the decay and problematic biofilm. These methods should be performed without the use of reagents to allow measurement of the activity of the microorganisms under conditions that represent those surrounding environments (minimum adjustment). These methods should be automated and should allow for remote control of the monitor, remote access to data, remote or automatic feedback control of the biological control program. Ideally these methods will be able to distinguish between surface and host water activity microbial activity to ensure that the biological control program is properly processed when attempting to control microorganisms on the biofilm. The gradual upward facing challenges that are typically faced. In addition, these methods should provide information on the nature of the sediment (biological or abiotic) to ensure that appropriate control measures have been applied. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an apparatus for measuring microbial activity in a process stream, comprising: (a) a flow chamber having a plurality of openings, wherein at least one opening is used to extract a flow of fluid from the process stream a chamber inlet. and at least one opening for exiting the flow chamber outlet of the flow chamber; (b) a DO detector coupled to the opening of the opening; (4) optionally connecting to the opening One of the 〇Rp detectors; (4) a cleansing device connected to one of the openings; (4) - optionally the first conduit 200904990 - the first conduit to the inlet of the flow chamber; a second conduit to the outlet of the flow chamber; and (g) a valve associated with the flow chamber as desired. The present invention also provides a method for monitoring microbial water activity of a body (overall) within a process stream, comprising: (the magical device is coupled to a process stream, wherein the device comprises a flow chamber having a plurality of openings therein, wherein at least An opening is for a flow chamber inlet for extracting fluid from the process stream. and at least one opening is for exiting the flow chamber outlet of the flow chamber, a DO detector coupled to one of the openings A 〇RP detector connected to one of the openings as needed; a cleaning device connected to one of the openings, optionally selected as a connection to the inlet of the flow chamber a conduit, optionally a second conduit coupled to the outlet of the flow chamber, and optionally a valve associated with the flow chamber; (b) introducing fluid from the process flow into the flow chamber; (C) opening

a valve of the device to allow fluid to be introduced into the flow chamber; (d) at least one DO concentration of the process flow is measured with the DO detector, and the surface of the DO detector is cleaned prior to each measurement; (e) closed a valve of the device to prevent fluid from being introduced into the flow chamber; the DO detector is configured to measure at least the DO concentration of the fluid in the one-person 1 and the surface of the D-detector is cleaned before each measurement; (g) calculation The AD〇 reading between step (d) and step (f); and (h) correlating at least the Δ〇〇 value of step (g) with the microbial body (overall) activity within the process stream. The invention also discloses a method for the microbial activity associated with a surface in a wave process, comprising: (4) linking the device to a process stream, wherein in 8200904990 the device comprises a flow comprising a plurality of openings A chamber, wherein at least one of the openings is for a flow chamber inlet for extracting fluid from the process stream. And at least one opening is for the fluid to exit the flow chamber outlet of the flow chamber, and a DO detector connected to one of the openings is optionally connected to the opening of the openings. a detector, optionally a cleaning device coupled to one of the openings, optionally a first conduit coupled to the inlet of the flow chamber, optionally a second conduit coupled to the outlet of the flow chamber 'and a valve associated with the flow chamber as needed; (b) introducing fluid from the process flow into the flow chamber; (c) opening

The disposed valve allows for introduction of fluid into the flow chamber; the DO detector measures the DO concentration of the process flow at least once, and the DO detector is not cleaned prior to each measurement; (e) the do The surface of the detector is cleaned; (f) the DO detector is used to measure at least two DO concentrations of the fluid in the device. And optionally, the surface of the D 探测器 detector is cleaned before each measurement; (g) the AD 间 between step (d) and step (f) is calculated. The number of shells, and (h) correlates at least the Δ£) enthalpy of step (g) with surface-related microbial activity. The present invention further provides a method for simultaneously monitoring the biological activity of a subject (overall) Μ biological activity in relation to a surface. [Embodiment] Definition of terms: "DO" means dissolved oxygen.

DO. The detector includes ▲ any type of detector capable of measuring dissolved oxygen. The detector is preferably a luminescent dissolved oxygen detector g ("D〇 detector"). "ld〇200904990: refers to luminescent dissolved oxygen. The LDO detector is based on fluorescence lifetime decay to measure oxygen in 'oxygen' There is a shortening of the fluorescence lifetime of the excited fluorophore. This luminescent group is attached to the film β on the surface of the inductor, and the excitation is provided by ▲ light (I-polar). [DO detector can be Obtained by L〇Veland, Colorado, USA. The detector is typically an inductive head with measurable measurements.

/ i, # "ORP" refers to the redox potential. The 〇Rp detector is available from Waichem, HolUston, Mass., "REDOX" refers to the redox state. OFM refers to optical fouling monitoring Any suitable optical fouling for the particular method to be monitored can be used π / 槚 白 white. This includes any general deposition monitor, such as a quartz crystal microbalance. Valves are fluid flow adjustable Any device. ''Clean device'' means any device capable of cleaning the surface of the ORP detector surface of the HD〇# detector. The bar flow is included in the industrial process 1 «a Dan, for example, from the U-process conduit The fluid to be taken out, as well as the fluid from the paper making process. The preferred embodiment is · 曰 Process flow #microbial activity can be measured by means of 溶 溶 消 以 以 以 以 以 以 此 此 此 此 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为 因为The amount of ATP produced under oxygen breathing conditions is related, and the amount of Ατρ produced by the cells can be correlated with the level of microbial activity in the 誃 process stream. The method described in the present invention has a 16DO level. The flow is not appropriate, and aerobic respiration and 200904990 are not the main pathways for microbial cell energy production. The DO measurements collected from the process stream should use the pressure of the process stream. Temperature and salt values are converted to percent saturation. Helps process disturbances based on these parameters to normalize the data. Temperature correction is especially important 'because the process flow temperature to be analyzed will drop 1-10 degrees Celsius during the stop flow condition process' When the fluid is no longer introduced into the flow chamber. In order to increase the integrity of the relationship between dissolved oxygen consumption and microbial activity, the REDOX state of the process fluid must be oxidized so that oxygen consumption is not the result of a chemical oxidation process, such as a pH value. The factors affect the REDOX state of the process water. Under high pH conditions, for example, process waters with a pH greater than 9.5. Even under high redox conditions, the oxidation of organic materials in the process fluid will occur. The ORP of the process stream should be measured along with the concentration of D〇 to ensure that the dissolved oxygen consumption is mainly related to microbial activity. Rather than being related to the chemical nature of the process stream, it has developed a device to actually measure dissolved oxygen in the process stream. Other analytical devices such as ORP detectors can also be combined with this device. As shown in Figure 1, the device Contains (丨) flow chambers; (2) D〇 detectors; (3) ORP detectors as needed; and (7) clean devices. (1) The peach chamber has several openings. Allowing fluid to flow through (1) the flow chamber. The size and shape of the opening can be varied; in particular, the type of process flow should be considered. 200904990 Figure 3 shows (i) the flow chamber contains (13) inlet and (14) The diameter of the opening should be large enough to allow fluid from the process stream to flow easily through, and to avoid (1) clogging of the flow chamber, as well as the D〇 detector and (3) 〇Rp on the surface of the detector. Abiotic fouling. Therefore, (1) the diameter of the flow cell will depend on many factors such as the type of process flow. (1) The flow cell opening is also used to allow connection of various devices such as (2) D〇 detectors, (3) 〇Rp Detective' and/or (7) clean devices to the flow cell,

To measure one or more measurements of the process flow. Other devices like acid and alkali can also be combined with the flow cell. In particular, the (2) D〇 detector and/or the (3) Rp detector are in communication with the flow chamber. In one embodiment, the (2) D〇 detector and the (3) 〇RP are coupled to (1) to. The detector can be coupled to one of the (1) flow chamber openings by a variety of different flow methods known to those skilled in the art. The connection can occur via any type of securing and/or mounting device or the like. For example, a unit can be mounted to (1) the flow chamber and the detector/device can be inserted through this unit and locked in the correct position. As shown in Figure 3, the detector is flush with the wall of the (1) flow chamber. In a specific example towel, at least a portion of the (7) D0 detector and optionally a (3) ORp detector system protrude into the flow chamber. In another embodiment, the (7) D0 detector includes a D〇 sensing head, wherein at least a portion of the DO sensing head protrudes into the flow chamber, and wherein the (3) 〇RP detector system optionally includes 〇Rp sensing. a head, and wherein at least a portion of the ORP sensing head is in the flow chamber. 12 200904990 In another embodiment, the detector should be oriented in such a way as not to significantly block the flow of fluid through the (1) flow chamber. In another embodiment, the (2) D〇 detector and the (3) Rp detector are placed face to face with each other. Figure 2 is an additional feature of the display device. More specifically, FIG. 2 shows the first guide, the valve connected to the (4) first conduit, (15) the first conduit connected (15), (1) the flow chamber, and (2) the D〇 detection. , (3) 〇Rp detection

, (7) a cleaning device, (9) an electromagnetic coil in communication with the (7) cleaning device, and (5) a second conduit. (4) The first conduit and (5) the second conduit are coupled to one or more openings of the (1) flow chamber and the outer casing of the process stream. The linkage can occur by a variety of different methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, (4) the first conduit can be piped into the process stream. & (4) The first conduit is used for fluid transport of future self-contained flow streams, and/or transfer to (1) flow chambers, and/or other devices such as 0FM. (4) The first 2 tubes can be used to promote the movement of fluid from the process flow to (1) the flow chamber = will: two gravity or the energy-based mechanism like Quanpu can be introduced from the process - the middle of the & introduces the device (1) Flowing room. In another embodiment, the discharge (15) can be combined with the (4) first conduit to prevent backflow of fluid into the process stream, limiting. - The piping acts as an outlet path for the fluid passing through the (1) flow chamber and also serves as a reservoir for retaining fluid from the process stream. In particular, θ 筮 - Dao Lai 卞 别 疋 ' can be spatially oriented to a δ, so that when the monitoring is under the 4 & η ^ 1 in the stop The fluid is maintained in the (1) flow chamber for analysis. Example 13 200904990 For example, (5) the orientation of the second conduit allows gravity to retain fluid within the flow chamber. In another embodiment, (5) the second conduit can also be used as a drain. (6) The valve system is combined with (1) the flow chamber. In particular, the valve is in communication with (1) the flow chamber in a manner that achieves its intended function. (6) The valve controls/adjusts the flow of fluid from the process stream into (1) the flow chamber. In one embodiment, the valve (6) is coupled to the (1) flow chamber via the (4) first conduit. In particular, (6) the valve is integrated/connected with the (4) first conduit in a manner that is capable of restricting flow when in the closed position and allowing flow when (6) the valve is open. In another embodiment, the (6) valve can regulate the flow of fluid into the 〇FM&/or (1) flow chamber. In another embodiment, the diameter of the valve (6) is large enough to not interfere with the flow of process water containing a large amount of solids. ~ In another embodiment, (6) the valve also prevents fluid from exiting (1) the flow chamber or (5) the second conduit so that readings under closed flow conditions can occur. In another embodiment, the diameter of the valve is at least 丨 吋. In another embodiment, the (6) valve is a ball valve. In another embodiment, (4) the valve operates manually, electrically or pneumatically. In another embodiment, the ball (6) valve operates manually, electrically or pneumatically. Figures 2 and 4 show the connection to one of the (1) flow cell openings (Qiao Jie = device. (7) Clean device for clean (2) 1 > 〇 detector and / or (3) 〇 RP detector The surface of both surfaces, and the orientation of the device should be such that it can achieve this function. (7) The cleaning device can also clean other devices combined with (1) the flow chamber. 14 200904990 In a specific example A, (7) clean device Crossing (1) the area of the flow cell. In another embodiment, (7) the clean device is capable of traversing (1) the area of the flow cell to clean the image as (2) D〇 detector, (3) 〇Rp detector, or one or more devices/detectors of other types of analytical instruments that can be combined with (1) a flow chamber. In another embodiment, (7) the cleaning device contains (8) a wiper or brush In the other body: T case * '(7) The clean device is operated by (9) scraping the electromagnetic coil 2. (9) The electromagnetic coil receives an instruction from a logically programmed controller that will indicate when it needs to be clean and When it is not necessary to clean. As shown in Figure 4, (8) the wiper is simultaneously relative to (2) DO detector and (3) 〇R The P detector traverses (1) the flow chamber in a vertical direction for placement. The addition of one or more (11) baffles to the (1) flow chamber increases (1) the area of the flow chamber. The i5 system shows a modified flow chamber. The component is combined with the flow cell, and the component contains more than one baffle. The component can be combined with the flow cell in various ways. Other objects that can increase the surface area can be applied in a similar manner. In the specific example, (10) the component is borrowed. (12) The aid of the adapter is locked to the (1) flow chamber. The member has an outlet for receiving the flow from the process (member inlet, and connected to the (1) flow chamber. In the specific example, (4) - The conduit is coupled to the (10) member and not directly to the (1) flow chamber. In another embodiment, the (10) member may have one or more (1)) 擒 15 200904990 plate 0 ° device can be constructed to monitor host microbial water activity Surface-related microbial activity or a combination thereof B. Monitoring of host microbial activity in the process stream is revealed by the method used to monitor the main body (total) microbial activity in the process stream! Overall) Microbial activity refers to the biological activity of U in the main process stream, such as planktonic and sessile microorganisms in the process stream. The main microbial activity in the process is measured by the DO concentration of the process stream. Other parameters may also be applied in conjunction with this analysis. The method more specifically includes the following steps: (4) linking the device to a process stream, wherein the X 4 system 3 has a flow chamber with several openings, wherein At least one opening is for a flow chamber inlet for extracting fluid from the process stream, and at least one opening is for exiting the flow chamber outlet of the flow chamber, a D〇 detector coupled to one of the openings Depending on the need to connect to the opening - # 〇 Rp detector, - optionally selected to be connected to the opening of the cleaning device, - optionally connected to the entrance of the flow chamber a first conduit, optionally connected to a second conduit flowing to the outlet, and optionally a valve associated with the flow chamber; (b) introducing fluid from the process stream a flow chamber; opening a valve of the device to allow fluid to be introduced into the flow chamber; (d) measuring at least one D〇 concentration of the process flow with the D〇 detector, and applying the surface of the DO detector before each measurement (e) closing the valve of the device to prevent fluid from being introduced into the flow chamber; the DO detector is configured to measure at least one of the 16 DOF concentrations of the fluid in the device, and the surface of the do detector before each measurement Purifying; (g) calculating the reading between step (d) and step (f); and (h) associating at least the ΔΕ) enthalpy of step (g) with the bulk (total) microbial activity within the process stream . This method can be applied to a variety of different types of process flows. In one embodiment, the process stream is from a process selected from the group consisting of a papermaking process, a cooling water process, a food or beverage process, and a leisure-based process. '

The bulk water microbial activity is measured by examining the change in DO concentration (ΔΓ) between the open flow and the stop flow conditions. Other parameters can also be applied along with this analysis. More specifically, by checking the pair, the rate of consumption of d〇 can be determined. The rate of DO consumption can then be correlated with the microbial activity within the process stream, but when the 0RP system is measured along with the D〇 measurement, the overall integrity of the correlation will be better because the process flow fluid @_X state is not oxidized. The DO measurement may be affected. Open flow conditions occur when the process flow fluid can pass through the flow chamber, an analytical instrument that can be connected to the flow chamber. In particular, DO detectors for measuring fluid enthalpy are measured. Stop fluid condition means that the process foul, the machine/claw is no longer entering the flow cell. The fluid train is maintained in the flow chamber under stopped flow conditions. And the flow chamber will monitor the DO concentration of the fluid. Open flow chrome like 疋 in step (d)

* _ Under dynamic conditions, the DO wave of the process flow fluid should be measured for a period of time 蚌 τ , ^ 足够 long enough to obtain the correct S-beat number of the process flow DO concentration. This can take one or more evening readings. As a person skilled in the art 17 200904990 will be able to determine the number of readings required to obtain the correct process flow reading without undue experimentation, and the reading interval required to obtain the correct process flow reading.

^Like the stop flow condition of step (f), before the first DO measurement of the fluid in the flow chamber. A period of time should be sufficient to ensure that one or more microbial species within the fluid will have sufficient time to dissipate dissolved oxygen within the fluid. This period of time can vary and depends on one or more: primes, which can include the type of process to be monitored. And the efficacy of the microbial count used prior to carrying out the method of the invention. For example, in the paper industry, if the process water system is heightened by microorganisms (4), the microorganisms will spend less time consuming DO. Microbial types (such as sputum or filamentous bacteria) may also affect the rate and level of D Ο consumption. In the specific example, the measurements taken under open flow conditions and under the stop flow sliver are taken at the same time interval. In another specific implementation, the measurement performed under the open flow condition τ and the stop flow condition is performed for the same period of time and takes the same time 15 . The process stream can be continuously, intermittently, or only monitored once. Even if the immediate conditions are provided, the system disturbance in the process can be easily detected. ADO can be calculated in a variety of different ways. In the eight-body example, one-body microbial activity was obtained during the continuous water flow (open flow conditions) stage. This is compared with the amount of d〇I, when the process water is stopped by stopping the valve to stop. In other words, based on the step (d) and the step (the D〇 concentration of 〇 is used to calculate the ADO reading. The large change in the brightness is 18 200904990 - in another specific example, the ADO value is obtained from The average DO measurement of step (d) is determined by the minimum DO level from step (f). In another embodiment, the ADO value is obtained by taking the highest measurement from step (d) and from step (f) The minimum DO level is determined. In another embodiment, the ADO value is obtained by taking the last measured value from step (d) and the minimum DO level from step (0). In another specific example, 'for the step ( d) The measurement duration and the measurement interval are the same as in step (1). Γ In a further specific example, the measurement duration of step (d) and step (1) may be from about 5 to 240 minutes. The measurement of step 'd' and step (1) is 30 minutes, and is recorded at equal intervals. In a further specific example, the measurement records in step (d) and step (1) Front 'surface needs to be scraped The brush is clean and follows a 30 second delay. The ORP of the process flow can be measured along with the D0 concentration of the process stream. In a specific example, the method is further included in the step (sentence and step ' (0 at least measure ORP - times. The surface of the 〇Rp detector is cleaned before each measurement. In another embodiment, one or more oxidants may be added to the process stream if the ORP value falls below a predetermined level. In another embodiment If the 〇RP value falls below a predetermined level, then the measured D〇 measurement along with the ORP measurement will not be included in the calculation of ΔDO. More clearly, by excluding these measurements, the producer can It is more clearly perceived that DO consumption is related to microbial activity or flow chemistry of J9 200904990. In another embodiment, DO measurements can then be excluded if the predetermined level is below about i〇〇mV This is because when (10) is within this range, the τ λ condition is typically not oxidized, and the dissolved oxygen consumption may be related to the chemical conditions in the process stream. 〇 夕 不同 Different ways to respond to the total process flow (main In the micro-in vivo example, when the total (main body) microbial level is higher than or greater than the predetermined level required for good operation of the process, the practice includes adding an effective bismuth biocide to lower the microbial level to the The level of biologic agent may be in an oxidized and/or non-oxidized state. Regarding the papermaking process, the biocide is selected from the group consisting of isothiazoline, glutaraldehyde, diammonium amide, amino carboxylic acid vinegar, and fourth grade. Ammonium compound, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine monoxide, peroxyacetic acid, ozone, aeroline, sulphate, bromo-chloro-dimethyl sulphonate, _ suffering, snail T Hydrazine-chloro-monomethylammonium carbazide, mono-amine, and ammonium salts, and stabilizers including dimercapto-sodium carbazide, amino acid, cyanuric sulphate, and urea A cluster of sodium hypochlorite used in combination and a combination thereof. , or use a controller to implement a response to the level of microbial activity in the process stream. More specifically, the controller can be programmed to accept streams from the process. For example, the data of the D〇 detector. The ticks are calculated based on the logic of the input controller (eg, a programmed logic controller). And according to the truth. It may include various actions such as initiating a pump that feeds the biocide or deposition control polymer into the process stream. 20 200904990 The controller is based on the Internet. The controller may be combined with at least one of the following, a DO detector, a clean device, a valve, or a specific example thereof, the control test (4) is connected to the input from the DO detector and the program is implemented. The desired program in the controller. In the specific example, the controller is a controller system. , 'controller

= and similar terms refer to the operator or have, for example, a processor, a memory meter, a cathode image tube, a liquid, a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, a touch screen or other monitor, and / Apricot ##日杜夕<μ and other components of the electronic components of the assembly. Under certain months, the controller can be integrated with one or more applications, such as: or multiple hardware devices, and/or multiple devices. Some or all of the controller system functions can be located, for example, in the center of the network feeder for LAN, wide area, wireless network, wireless network, internet cage, s L, microwave link, infrared link

In a specific example, in another embodiment, a communication: a combination of ORP detectors. 2 pass. In addition, it can also include / for components such as signal conditioners or system monitors to facilitate signal processing calculations. In another specific example, the desired procedure is to alert the operator to the person responsible for monitoring the process flow and to process the process flow. In another embodiment t, if the fine reaches a predetermined level, the procedure of 2 includes adding an effective amount of biocide to the process stream. The biocide is oxidizing and/or non-oxidizing. An optical fouling monitor (OFM) can be used in conjunction with the flow chamber to determine the nature/origin of deposits that accumulate in the process stream. 21 200904990 In the specific example, the method of the present invention is incorporated into the optical fouling monitor of the process flow communication; from the process flow: light!: in the scale monitor, the amount of sediment is formed by the optical scale :, the error will be related to the determined microbial activity in the deposit formation in the optical scale monitor to determine the deposition = type, if necessary, will be connected with the OJPM and at least D〇 search, and know The volume is crying stylized. Adding one or a chemical species to the process stream in association with the formation of the P(四)器 P(10) wind "(4) into the process stream. In a further specific example, if m'n丄 right The association is formed on the optical scale. The nature of the accumulation is microbial agent. For example, when there is a sugar on the 0FM, the chemical species will contain the killing and killing sword, and its ΔΕ> 〇 high, then Produced microorganisms, # = process peaches to inhibit sediment formation and reduce the biological activity of the process. Biocides are oxidizing and / or non-oxidizing. In a further concrete example, when the relationship indicates the sedimentary shape / Microorganisms, the chemical species will be sediment control chemicals. When there is deposition and its gamma is low, then the sediment is controlled by two:: into the process flow to inhibit sediment formation will be - the species of the second! Different types of sinking materials known to those skilled in the art; for example, they are anti-resin agents and deposition control polymers which help prevent the formation of deposits during papermaking. micro- Activity, for example, biofilm. 'Microbial activity on the surface of the microbe, and microbial activity on the surface of the process flow is determined by measuring the concentration of the process flow 22 200904990 DO. Other parameters can be applied in conjunction with this analysis. The method more specifically comprises the steps of: (a) joining the device to a process stream 'where the device comprises a flow chamber containing a plurality of openings, at least one of which is for extracting fluid from the process stream a flow chamber inlet. and at least one opening for exiting the flow chamber outlet of the flow chamber, a DO detector coupled to one of the openings, optionally connected to the openings One of the 0RP detectors, optionally a cleaning device connected to one of the openings, optionally a first conduit connected to the inlet of the flow chamber, optionally connected to the outlet of the flow chamber a second conduit 'and _ optionally a valve associated with the flow chamber; (b) introducing fluid from the process flow into the flow chamber; (c) opening the device a valve to allow fluid to be introduced into the flow chamber; (d) at least one D〇 concentration of the process flow is measured with the DO detector, and the DO detector is not cleaned prior to each measurement; (e) D〇 detection

The process selected in the cluster is composed of a process consisting of papermaking process, cooling water, and entertainment-based processes.

During the process, before the wiping and 23 200904990, the D0 obtained immediately after wiping; Other parameters can also be applied along with this analysis. When 〇Rp is measured along with the D〇 measurement, the correlation integrity of the biofilm activity of the gangue 2 will be better, because the d〇 measurement may be affected when the REDOX state of the process flow is non-oxidized. The open flow conditions occur in the process flow fluid can be measured by the flow ^ temple, the death: hunting and flow chamber communication analytical instrument, especially the DO detector for measuring the fluid D〇 / Chen. r

V • If the biofilm accumulates under open flow conditions such as step (d) and step (f). In the case of 丨 丨 Α 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心 心. This period of time can be changed according to the factor of 'which includes the type of process to be monitored. And the efficacy of the microbial plan used prior to the method. For example, in the manufacturing industry, if the process water system is highly contaminated by microorganisms, it takes less time to consume D0. The type of microorganism (for example, true:: 囷) may also affect the rate and level of D〇 consumption. In the specific example, under the open flow conditions and the measurement system under the stop flow conditions, the same time interval is taken under the open flow condition and the stop flow condition::: in the same period of time And take the same time interval. The connection can be continuous, intermittent, or only monitored once. Continuous monitoring can be used for P-conditions, so system disturbances in the process flow can be easily measured. △ DO can be calculated in a variety of different ways. The fine value in the denier example is determined by taking the minimum shame J of step (4) and the average D〇 measurement from step (f). 24 200904990 In another variant, the ADO value is determined by taking the minimum measured value from step (4) and the highest D 〇 level from step (f). In another example of the carcass, the ADO value is determined by taking the last measured value from step (d) and the highest DO level from step (f). In another embodiment, the DO measurement is performed at selected time intervals. The flow is continuously performed and recorded 5 times, but the detector is not cleaned by wiping before any of these measurements. In another embodiment, the detector is cleaned minutes before the expiration of the selected time interval. And carry out and record 2 consecutive measurements. The ORP of the process stream can be measured along with the do concentration of the process stream. In a specific example, the method further comprises measuring at least ORP-times in steps (4) and (1). And clean the surface of the Rp tears before each measurement. (10) The detector is not wiped clean in step (4). ^ Optionally, the ORP detector is wiped clean in step (7). When the value of spring (10) drops below a predetermined level, - or more oxygen is added to the process stream as needed. i In another embodiment, if the 〇RP value drops below a predetermined level, then the measured D〇 measurement along with the ORP measurement will not be included in the calculation of = the process microbial activity. More specifically, by excluding these measurements, the operator of the I J value I can more clearly perceive that D 〇 九 九 疋 is related to microbial activity or process flow chemistry. For example towels, if the predetermined level is less than about 1 GO mV, then the value of !::1 is excluded, because when 0 is in this range U is typically not oxidized. The dissolved oxygen consumption may be related to the chemical conditions in the process 25 200904990. In another embodiment, the combination of the DO detector and the 〇Rp detector is cleaned by a cleaning device containing a wiper. In another embodiment, the wiper is applied and the surface of the detector is wiped twice. Beta takes a different approach in response to process flow and surface microbial levels. W β In the specific example, when the level of microorganisms associated with the surface is higher than or greater than the predetermined level required for good operation of the process, the practice includes adding an effective amount of the biocide. To reduce the level of microorganisms to the desired level. The biocide can be in an oxidized and/or non-oxidized state. 1 Regarding the papermaking process, the biocide is selected from the group consisting of (four) materials, pentane, azo-azidoamine, urethane, quaternary ammonium compounds, sodium hypogaslate, two emulsion gases, peracetic acid, Ozone, aerochlorin, SUW (bromo-amino sulfonate & salt) shoulder-chloromethylhydantoin, di-halo-indenyl carbazide, monochloramine /, deducting salt and including dimethyl A cluster of endogenous urea, aminic acid, aramidium iyanide, a stabilizer of urea, and a combination of urea and a combination thereof. One or more controllers can be used to effect a response to the level of microbial activity within the process stream. More specifically, the controller can be programmed to accept from the private sector. For example, the data for the DO detector, based on the logic of the input controller (for example, a programmed logic controller) to calculate ΔΕ)〇. And responding according to ΔΕ> can include various actions such as initiating a system for feeding the biocide into the process stream. In one embodiment, the controller is based on a network. 26 200904990 In another embodiment, the controller can be in communication with one of the following: an ORP detector, a combination of D. The controller, the valve or its other embodiment, the controller accepts an input from the D: and implements the desired program programmed in the controller/in another embodiment, the control The controller is the controller system. "System" and similar terms refer to operation M or have, for example, a craft device, a cathode ray tube, a liquid crystal display, a '° 5 recall or other monitor, and/or a second:: a second paste, touch Screen: Situation: The controller can be operated with or - or a combination of specific applications = one or more hardware devices, and one or more hardware devices. Some or all of the controller system functions == If you are in the center of the network, in order to communicate with the local area, wide area, wireless network, wireless network, Internet connection, microwave domain j domain, etc. The other components of the external link ii.. are convenient for signal processing calculations. In the specific example of the descendant, the desired procedure is to remind the operator to be responsible for the death of the personnel and to process the process flow. Number of dishes: When the ... is scheduled, the inclusion of an effective amount of biocide to the biocide is oxidative and/or non-oxidizing. The optical fouling monitor (OFM) can be used together with the number of dishes. The flow determines the nature/origin of the deposits accumulated in the process stream, the domain is used in a In an embodiment, the method of the present invention further comprises providing an optical fouling monitor connected to 27 200904990 = process flow; from the process flow, the _U, . word scale monitor is used to measure deposits, and the optical is The fine-decision micro-generation in the scale monitor 7 is related to the type of sediment from the process flow to determine the sediment, and it is necessary to program the 〇fm and at least to correct it. Deposition to form (4) biological:: the controller of the device is connected to the process and the biological activity is added to the species to be added to the process stream. In a further specific example, if the association It is pointed out that the sediment formed on the optical scale is microscopic. When the heart is a, the chemical species will contain the killing agent. When there is deposition and its ADo is high, then the micro-I of j can be The % flow is used to inhibit the formation of deposits and to reduce the resistance of the process. The biocide is oxidizing and/or non-oxidizing. In the specific example of the cost step, when the correlation indicates that the sedimentary form is "calling a creature" 'Chemical species will be sediment control chemistry Product. : 2 _ Γ Γ 积 且 且 且 且 且 且 且 且 且 且 且 且 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积 沉积

Chemical control chemicals; for example, Huang Sungu η "Class H.V Μ Μ, ^ ^ '..., anti-resin agent and deposition control polymer that helps prevent the formation of deposits during papermaking. Monitoring:: The biological activity is alive with the biological activity. (4) The method comprises: setting and calling the device. The device comprises connecting the device to the process flow, wherein 3 has a plurality of open flow chambers, wherein at least one opening 28 200904990 is used for the process a flow chamber inlet that draws fluid and at least one opening for exiting the flow chamber outlet of the flow chamber, a DO detector joining one of the openings, optionally connected to the DO detector One of the openings of the ORP detector 'should be selected as one of the clean devices connected to one of the openings of the shai'. The first conduit to be connected to the inlet of the flow chamber is selected as needed. a conduit to the outlet to the outlet and a valve associated with the flow chamber; (b) introducing fluid from the process stream into the flow chamber; (c) opening the valve

a valve of the device to allow fluid to be introduced into the flow chamber; the D0 concentration of the process flow is measured at least once by the helium detector, and the DO detector is not cleaned prior to each measurement; (e) The surface of the d〇 detector is cleaned; (f) the DO concentration of the fluid in the device is measured at least once by the D〇 detector. Optionally, the surface of the D〇 detector is cleaned prior to each measurement; (g) the valve of the device is closed to prevent fluid from being introduced into the flow chamber; (h) the device is measured at least once with the DO detector DO of the internal fluid, the surface of the D〇 detector is cleaned before each measurement, (0 calculates the Δ〇〇 reading between step (f) and step (h), and at least the A ADO value and The host microbial activity in the process stream is correlated; the reading between step (d) and step (1) is calculated, and at least the Δϋ〇 value is associated with the surface-related microbial activity in the process stream. In an example, the monitoring system is established to allow the operator to be in microbial activity (normal mode) and/or surface related activity: 丨 switching/switching. Figure 8 is a flow chart to illustrate a specific J) 29 200904990 - In another embodiment, the process system further comprises at least one ORP measurement in step (d). (0 and step (h), wherein the 〇Rp detector is not wiped clean in step (d) as needed The land of choice is the 〇Rp The detector is wiped clean in step (f) and wherein the 〇Rp detector is wiped clean in step (h); if the ORP value falls below a predetermined level, one or more An oxidant is added to the process stream; and if the ORP value falls below a predetermined level, the DO measurement is not used as needed in calculating the ΔΙχ> value. f In another embodiment, deposition from the process stream Formation may also be monitored in conjunction with this method. More specifically, the method of the present invention further comprises providing an optical fouling monitor in communication with the process stream; introducing fluid from the process stream into the optical scale monitor; The scale monitor measures sediment Φ formation by depositing deposits in the optical scale monitor. It is associated with the microbial activity determined by ADO in the machine to determine the type of deposit; control is required as needed The program is programmed to incorporate one or more chemical species into the process stream in response to the association between deposition formation and microbial activity. The following examples are not meant to be limiting. Example 1 The flow of the process into the flow chamber and the one or more valves via the first conduit will prevent the process from being introduced into the flow chamber by solids within the process stream. One or more valves. The discharge associated with the first conduit , in the flow of the backflow 'or help to control the blockage. Under open flow conditions, 30 200904990 door positioning will allow the body to pass through the flow chamber. D〇 detector, 〇Rp detector and clean device (for example The wiper is attached to the flow chamber. The fluid will pass through the flow chamber for analysis. According to the monitoring (body/surface phase y person, garment φ correlation/combination), the valve will be rotated to the open position/or closed position to allow the fluid Enter the mobile chamber and the concentration and/or ORP is recorded according to one of the procedures outlined in the previous section. The fluid passing through the flow chamber will exit via the discharge. The fluid flowing into the discharge stream can be vented back into the process stream, e.g., into the pulping tank of the papermaking process. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a flow cell assembly, with the process flow flowing through the flow. The OFM monitor can also be coupled to the process stream. One or more of the tricks will regulate the flow into the OFM. Figure 1 is a schematic view of a flow cell assembly coupled to a 〇fm monitor, and the process flow is passed through the flow chamber assembly and the OFM.

Depending on the level of microbial activity and/or sediment within the process stream, appropriate chemicals that correct the problem can be added to the process stream. For example, the controller can transmit a signal to the pump to initiate a solenoid associated with the feed mechanism. Example 2 A lateral flow system from a papermaking process water in Germany was allowed to flow through a monitoring device (2 liters per second). This factory manufactures coated and uncoated mechanical wood lines and uses a stable oxidant for biological control. The valves on the unit are opened and closed at 6 〇 & clock intervals to initiate and stop the flow into the flow chamber monitoring chamber. The 〇Rp and (10) values are measured at intervals of J minutes. Information from the 〇RP LD◦ monitoring device will be borrowed from the 2009 200990 material recorder for collection and sent to the web server for display on the website. The information will be downloaded from the website and analyzed to determine the impact of biological control programs and processing conditions on microbial activity.

In this application, the invention is used in conjunction with OFM to determine the nature/origin of a suspect deposit. For example, if high deposition and activity, it is likely that the deposit is inherently biological. Conversely, organisms will be less likely to cause deposition if high deposition and low microbial activity, and efforts to solve the problem should be directed toward other aspects. The example provided in ® 6 is the demonstration of the effect of machine stoppage on ORP, microbial activity, and deposition (10)(4) in retention process water. Microbial activity is reported as Δ〇〇. The machine was shut down on August 4 and there was a sharp increase in Δ〇〇 shortly after this event, which was consistent with the decrease in 〇Rp and the increase in surface area scale measured by OFM. These data mean that the oxidant-based program is not constant and is not sufficient to control microbial growth and sediment formation in this accident. Microscopic examination of surface deposits includes high density microorganisms including filamentous bacteria. Example 3 "The flow system from the papermaking process in the paper mills in the United States allows flow through a sleek device (25 liters per second). This factory frequently changes the fiber's fiber's internals' to its biological control program. The performance will have a violent impact. Ming ^ also use this system to improve the process water system teeth demand eight _,, ... the valve on the device is opened and closed at 30 minute intervals to start And stop flowing into the flow cell monitoring room. ORP and LD0 values: measured at intervals of ? minute. Data from 〇Rp and (10) monitoring devices are collected by data & silk · # , ' . . , m 乂 , or downloaded To the computer providing the monitoring device software 32 200904990. Shortly after the women's JUT / device, the process changes the biological control based on the measurement, the level of activity and the surface area scale measured by 〇FM: the nature of this / It can be observed immediately. The examples provided in Figure 7 are: Fan fiber content change (10), microbial activity, and sedimentation (〇FM) 曰 microbial activity is reported as LD〇 (·· saturation), and Open flow conditions The large difference between the measured LD〇 and the measurement during the stop flow condition shows a higher microbial activity. These data mean that the oxidant-based programmed chromium is not sufficient to control microbial growth and deposition when the level 0 is the same as the oxidant demand device. Forming. Therefore, the program should be applied to improve the deposition control during this special grade manufacturing process. Example 4 The dissolved oxygen monitor continuously measures the sample water (4) dissolved oxygen. Monitoring program:: Μ (programmed logic controller) Control, it will read and retain the measured scrap 3 兀 * into. PLC also controls the sensor surface \ ball valve. Strip water ~ through the sample chamber power has two basic monitoring _ type available: main microbial activity _ eight) Moulding and/or surface-related microbial activity (SAMA) mode. Two modes are used to set the program to the specific application needs: X, Xt, XU. More specifically 'χ is the ball valve time in minutes , Xt is "I, close the number of LDO readings stored in a τ, 疋 LDO reading interval." Volume Atl ^ ^ When the ball valve is open and the sample is flowing, the number of LD items should be (4)敎Ground (4) Sample 07 07 state. When the ball valve closes 33 200904990 and the sample stops flowing, 'dissolved oxygen in the closed flow chamber will tend to be depleted by reacting with organic matter. In BMA mode, all readings are in the detector. It has been wiped clean and immediately. By reflecting the dissolved oxygen consumption in the metabolic process, the ΔΕ) 〇 value provides a measure of the microbial activity in the sample. In the S ΑΜΑ mode, the first part of the valve opening cycle, the electrode Not wiped. During this time, biofilm may accumulate on the electrode surface. The electrode is then wiped clean and the difference will show the level of biofilm accumulated in the first part of the cycle. When the ball valve is closed, the reading will be read like the ΒΜΑ mode. 34 200904990 Table I-BMA Mode Time (minutes) Progress Event Reading Sample Flow 00:00 Start Ball Valve Open Flow 01:00 Xti-01:00 Wipe 01:30 Xti - 00:30 Read LDO 1 03:00 2Xti-01 :00 Wipe 03:30 2Xti - 00:30 Read LDO 2 05:00 3Xti-01:00 Wipe 05:30 3Xti - 00:30 Read LDO 3 07:00 4Xti —01:00 Wipe 07:30 4Xti - 00:30 Read LDO 4 09:00 5Xti-01:00 Wipe 09:30 5Xti-00:30 Read LDO 5 10:00 5Xti Ball Valve Closes Stop 11:00 6Xti-01:00 Wipe 11:30 6Xti - 00 :30 Read LDO 6 13:00 7Xti-01:00 Wipe 13:30 7Xti - 00:30 Read LDO 7 15:00 8Xti-01:00 Wipe 15:30 8Xti - 00:30 Read LDO 8 17: 00 9Xti-01:00 Wipe 17:30 9Xti-00:30 Read LDO 9 19:00 lOXti-01:00 Wipe 19:30 lOXti-00:30 Read LDO 10 20:00 lOXti Cycle Complete MAX=Read 1&gt Minimum average activity outside the average MIN=6>10 of 5:

BMA=MAX-MIN 35 200904990 Table-SAMA Mode (Reading 1-7) and BMA Mode Time (minutes) Progress Event Reading Sample Flow 00:00 Start Ball Valve Open Flow 04:30 Xti-01:30 Read LDO 1 12 :030 2Xti Read LDO 2 18:00 3Xti Read LDO 3 24:00 4Xti Buy LDO ' 4 30:00 5Xti Read LDO 5 30:30 5Xti + 0:30 Wipe 2 times 31:00 5Xti+ 1:00 Read LDO 5 31:20 5Xti-01:20 Read LDO 7 Ball Valve Shutdown Stop 35:00 X+(Xti-01:00) Wipe 35:30 X+(Xti - 00:30) Read LDO 41:00 X+( 2Xti-01:00) Wipe 41:30 X+(2Xti - 00:30) Read LDO 9 47:00 X+(3Xti-01:00) Wipe 47:30 X+(3Xti - 00:30) Read LDO 10 53 :00 X+(4Xti-01:00) Wipe 53:30 X+(4Xti - 00:30) Read LDO 11 59:00 X+(5Xti-01:00) Wipe 59:30 X+(5Xti - 00:30) Read Take LDO 12 60:00 2X cycle completion 36 200904990 BMIN = reading 5 BMAX = reading 6 & 7 average MIN = 8 > 1 2 outside the minimum reading activity:

BMA=BMAX-MIN S AMA=BMAX-BMIN [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure 1 shows a package of please #^ h

A schematic diagram of the attack of the #RP detectors, the cleansing device, and the 0RP detector used for the purpose.

Figure 2 shows the outline of a device mounted on the back panel in the outer casing of the housing. The right robber #上& D〇 slave test 15, ORP detector, door. The device, the first catheter, the second catheter, and the valve are shown in Fig. 3 as a schematic diagram of a device including a D〇 inhibition. , 〇 RP detector and clean equipment - two contain flow chambers, detectors, DO detectors, schematic diagrams of devices with wiping clean devices. Figure. Figure 5 shows the data collected from the microbial activity of the flow chamber and components used to increase the surface area. The data collected by the body is related to the main body (total edge and surface area scale. Figure 7 shows Microbial, carb activity and surface area scale Figure 8 ^ (The car is not used to monitor the data collected in the paper mill, it is related to the main body (total body microbial activity and / or surface related 37 200904990 microorganisms Flowchart of Activity Figure 9 illustrates an embodiment of the invention having a flow chamber associated with a DO detector, an OV detector, and a cleaning device. Figure 10 illustrates a specific embodiment of the invention, wherein It has an OFM and a flow chamber associated with the DO detector, ORP detector and clean device. [Main component symbol description] (1) Flow chamber

(2) DO detector (3) ORP detector (4) First conduit (5) Second conduit (6) Valve (7) Clean device (8) Scratch or brush (9) Solenoid or scraping solenoid (10) Member (11) Baffle (12) Receiver (13) Inlet (14) Outlet (15) Release 38

Claims (1)

200904990 X. Patent application scope: 1. A device for measuring microbial activity in a process stream, comprising: a• a flow chamber containing a plurality of openings, wherein at least one opening is used to extract the flow of fluid from the process stream Room entrance. And at least ~ openings are used to cause fluid to exit the flow chamber outlet of the flow chamber; b. - a DO detector coupled to one of the openings; c. optionally connected to the openings ~ 〇Rp detector; K. d. — a cleaning device attached to one of the openings; e• a first conduit to be connected to the inlet of the flow chamber as required. f. A connection to the flow chamber «j spears as needed a catheter; a device to be selected in g.- 矾冩 and the flow 2. As claimed in the scope of the patent, the &lt; contains a wiper or brush. , ", net" device system 3 · such as at least part of the patent application garden and view the f ', &quot; in the detector room. ^ 0 detectors to be selected into the flow 4. As claimed &quot;The device of the member to the first conduit. The connection between the door and the door is 5. In the scope of the patent application, where the ball valve is 翕&amp;, the device is a ball valve, the electric, electric or manual operation domain Read 6. If the patent application group is the third to operate the ball valve. DO detector. Xiao Wei Rp, $ device's step-by-step with the magic device and the components of the cleaning device 39 200904990 at least one 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the method of claim 1 wherein the flow chamber comprises one or more seesaws. 8. A method for monitoring microbial water activity of a host (overall) in a process stream And comprising: a. joining the apparatus to a process stream, wherein the apparatus comprises a flow chamber having a plurality of openings, wherein at least one opening is for a flow chamber inlet for extracting fluid from the process stream. and at least one opening system a flow chamber outlet for directing fluid away from the flow chamber, a DO detector coupled to one of the openings, an optional ORP detector coupled to one of the openings, as desired A cleaning device selected to be attached to one of the openings, optionally a first conduit coupled to the inlet of the flow chamber, optionally a second conduit coupled to the outlet of the flow chamber, and optionally a valve associated with the flow chamber; b_ introducing fluid from the process flow into the flow chamber; c. opening a valve of the device to allow fluid to be introduced into the flow chamber; 'd. measuring the DO detector at least once The D〇 concentration of the process stream, and the surface of the DO detector is cleaned before each measurement; e) closing the valve of the device to prevent fluid from being introduced into the flow chamber; f_ measuring the device at least once with the DO detector The D〇 concentration of the internal fluid, and the surface of the DO detector is cleaned before each measurement; g. Calculate the ado reading between step (d) and step (f); and h. at least the step (g) △〇0 The value is related to the host (total) microbial activity within the process stream. 40 200904990 . 9. The method of the application (4), wherein the monitoring is continuous or intermittent. 10. If the scope of patent application is 8 The method further comprises allowing sufficient time between steps (4) and (7) such that, in the presence of microbial activity, there will be a time of filling such that one or more microbial species can consume oxygen in the flow chamber. 11. The method of claim 8 further comprises measuring at least *0RP once in step (4) and step (1), and wiping the surface of the ORP detector before each measurement; when the 0RP value falls below a predetermined level One or more oxidants are added to the process stream as needed; and if the 〇RP value falls below a predetermined level, the DO measurement is not used as needed to calculate the AD 〇 value. 12. The method of claim 5, wherein the predetermined level is less than about 1 〇〇 mV. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the ADO value is determined by taking an average DO measurement from step (d) and a minimum I DO level from step (f). 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the ADO value is determined by taking the highest measured value from step (d) and the minimum DO level from step (f). The method of claim 8, wherein the ADO value is determined by taking the last measured value from step (d) and the minimum DO level from step (f). 16) The method of claim 8, further comprising a program controller for communicating with at least one of the following: a Rp detector, a DO probe, a clean device, or a combination thereof. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the controller accepts an input signal from the DO detector and implements a desired program programmed into the controller. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the controller is network based. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the desired procedure is to alert the operator or the person responsible for monitoring the process flow and to process the process flow. The method of claim 7, wherein the program comprises: • adding an effective amount of the biocide to the system. 20. As claimed in the patent application, the ADO reaches a predetermined level of time flow. The method of the process, wherein the process flow, the food or beverage process, and the process selected in the entertainment. 21. For example, the scope of the patent application is from the cluster consisting of a papermaking process and a cooling water process leisure process. The method of claim 8 further includes: an optical fouling monitor of the process flow communication. From the process flow will be flow =: within the scale monitor; the optical scale monitor is used to measure the formation of deposits in the scale monitor in the process stream. Associated with the class == biological activity of the product In order to determine the sinking and microbes, * sex system. In the process of forming a process stream, it is associated with - or a plurality of chemical species are added to the 42 200904990. 24. The deposit form forms a non-microbial control chemical as claimed in claim 22 . 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the deposit is in the form of a microbial agent, wherein the biocide is a method of oxidizing, wherein if the association is indicative, the chemical species is biocidal and/or non-oxidizing. The method of the item, wherein if the finger is associated, the chemical species is a sediment </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; The method includes adding an effective amount of a biocide to reduce the microbial level to a desired level. 7 2 6. A method for measuring process in-stream and surface phase, comprising: a. connecting a device to a process stream, wherein the device comprises a flow chamber having a plurality of openings, wherein at least one opening is used A flow chamber inlet for extracting fluid from the process stream. And at least one opening is used to cause fluid to exit the flow cell outlet to which the flow flows, - a D0 detector coupled to one of the openings, an optional ORP probe coupled to one of the openings a first means for attaching to one of the openings, optionally a first conduit connected to the inlet of the flow chamber, optionally a second conduit connected to the outlet of the flow chamber, as desired. And a valve associated with the flow chamber as desired; b. introducing fluid from the process flow into the flow chamber; c• opening a valve of the device to allow fluid to be introduced into the flow chamber; 43 200904990 d. The detector measures at least the concentration of d〇 of the process stream, and the DO detector is not cleaned before each measurement; e. cleans the surface of the DO detector; f. at least measures the DO detector The two DO/Chen of the fluid in the device at a time is selected to clean the surface of the detector (10) before each measurement; g. Calculate the Δ〇〇 reading between step (d) and step (f) And h · at least the fine values associated with the surface of the biological activity of step (g) is added to associate. 27. The method of claim 5, further comprising measuring at least one of 〇Rp in step (4) and step (f), wherein in step (4) the detonating detector is not wiped clean, if necessary in step (1) The (10)p detection-system I wipe clean' when the 0Rp value drops below a predetermined level, if necessary, or multiple oxidants are added to the process stream; and if the value falls below the pre-depreciation level, then the calculation is When ΔΕ) 〇, the (10) measurement value is not used as needed. 28. The method of claim 26, wherein the surface of the LDO detector is cleaned by wiping twice with a cleaning device containing a wiper. 29. The method of claim 5, wherein the monitoring is continuous. 3〇.= The method of applying for the scope of patent No. 26 is further included in 2(4) for a sufficient period of time so that if the biofilm accumulates, there is sufficient time for the accumulation of biofilm to occur. 200904990 ‘31. The method of claim 26, wherein the brush value is determined by taking the minimum D〇 measurement of step (4) and the average d〇 measurement from step (1). 32. The method of claim 26, wherein the value is determined by taking a minimum measured value from step (4) and a highest D〇 level from step (1). 33. The method of claim 26, wherein the λ〇〇 value is determined by taking the last measured value from step (4) and the highest d〇 level from step (1). 34. The method of claim 26, further comprising providing a stylized controller in communication with at least one of: a D〇 detector, a Rp-detector, a clean device, or a combination thereof. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the controller accepts input signals from the DO detector and the 0PR detector and implements a desired program programmed into the controller. 36. The method of claim 34, wherein the controller is based on a network. 37. The method of claim 35, wherein the procedure is to alert the operator or to monitor the process flow or personnel. - "38. The method of claim 35, wherein the procedure comprises adding a biocide to the system if the microbial activity is too high. 39. The method of claim 26, further comprising Providing an optical fouling monitor connected to the process flow; introducing a fluid from the process flow into the optical scale monitor; measuring the formation of the deposit by the optical scale monitor; and using the optical product Deposit formation in the scale monitor. Correlation with microbial activity determined by ΔϋΟ in the &quot;Hai process stream to determine the type of deposit; program the controller as needed to reflect the formation of deposits and microbial activity One or more chemical species are added to the process stream in association. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein if the association indicates that the strontium deposition is a microorganism, the chemical species is a biocide, wherein the biocide is oxidizing and/or non-oxidizing as needed. Sex. /1· The method of claim 26 further contains a microbiological level associated with the surface of the process stream; when the microbial level is higher or higher than the predetermined level required for good operation of the process, the practice includes An effective amount of biocide, wherein the first conduit is lowered to a level of one of the desired water and one of the surfaces of the fluid containing one of the plurality of process streams, and is monitored in the process. A method for the activity of a host microorganism in a stream with associated microbial activity, comprising: a. linking the device to a process stream 'where the device is a flow chamber containing an opening ... at least one opening for flow from the fluid Room entrance. And at least one opening is used to make. The outlet of the flow chamber of the flow chamber, a D〇 detector connected to the openings, - optionally selected to be connected to the openings: a detector at the helium ... optionally attached to the openings - clean a device, optionally connected to the flow cell inlet conduit, a second selected connection to the flow chamber outlet as needed, and optionally a door associated with the flow chamber; 46 200904990 b. From the process flow Introducing a fluid into the flow chamber; c. opening a valve of the device to allow fluid to be introduced into the flow chamber; d. measuring at least one DO concentration of the process flow with the DO detector, and the DO prior to each measurement The detector is not cleaned; e_ cleans the surface of the DO detector; f. at least one of the DO concentrations of the fluid in the device is measured with the DO detector. If necessary, the DO is selected before each measurement. The surface of the detector is cleaned; 1. g, close the valve of the device to prevent fluid from being introduced into the flow chamber; h_ at least once to measure the concentration of D〇 in the device with the DO detector' Clean; 1. Calculate the ADO reading between step (f) and step (h). And at least correlating the Δ〇〇 value with the host microbial activity in the shai process stream; j· calculating the ado reading between step (d) and step (f) and at least the aD 与 value and the process stream This surface-related microbial activity is correlated. 43. The method of claim 42, further comprising: providing an optical fouling monitor in communication with the process stream; introducing fluid from the process stream into the optical scale monitor; and monitoring the optical scale The meter measures deposit formation' by deposit formation in the optical scale monitor. Associated with microbial activity determined from the AD(R) from step (1) and/or step (1) in the process stream to determine deposits Type; the controller is programmed as needed to add one or more chemical species to the process stream in response to this association between deposition formation and microbial activity. 44. For the method of claim 42 of the patent scope, the method further comprises: step (d), step (1) and step (... at least measuring 〇Rp once in 47 200904990, wherein the ORP detector is not used in step (d) Wipe clean, wipe the 0RP detector cleanly in step (1) as needed, and in the step (h) the detector is wiped clean; when the ORP value falls below a predetermined level, - or more oxidants as needed Adding to the process flow; if the 0RP value falls below a predetermined level, then the DO measurement value is not used when calculating the Δ〇0 a. 45. As in the patent application section 26顼古Φ# Method 0 of 'where the monitoring is continuous or intermittent. 46. For example, the method of claim 25, the method of the item ^, wherein the process is a papermaking process and the biocide is selected from the Mother (2) Tian Bing, oxazolidine, glutarylene, bis-nitrilopropylamine, urethane, tetrazine compound, sub-lactate, dioxane, peracetic acid, ozone, vomiting. a “Gasamine, bromo-aminosulfonate, bromo-chloro-di Methyl carbendazim, digas--&amp;-methyl carbendazim, monochloramine, and ammonium salts, and including dimethyl carbendazim, face _ % acid, cyanuric acid a method comprising a combination of amber sulphite and a stabilizer for urea, a sodium sulphate, and a combination thereof. 47. The method of claim 1, wherein the process is a papermaking process The bismuth agent is selected from the group consisting of 疋曰田isothiazoline, glutaraldehyde, dibromoazopropionamide, urethane, quaternary phosphonium compound, sodium hypogasate, digasification gas, peracetic acid , ozone, chloropredomyl, bromo-amino sulfonate, bromine-gas dimethyl carbendazim, digas _ - φ # methyl &amp; Κ - methyl carbendazim, monochloramine, Combined with ammonium salts and bagged dimethyl acetyl carbazide, sputum slag, cyanuric acid, amber succinimide and urea stabilizers, popular S Wenner, and combinations thereof 48 200904990 Clustered into. XI, schema: as the next page C 49