200848373 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關於—種由手操作的飲水處理裝置。 【先前技術】 有些移動式飲水處理設備，可攜帶在車子（往往係救 援機構的車子）上，、丄從# 化種私動式飲水處理設備成本較高。但 也有對方、低成本的飲水處理裝置的需纟，它們特別是用在 乾:^及半乾‘地區，以從非飲用水源供應較小人員團體的 飲水。 L贫明内容】 &種目的係利用中請專利範圍帛1項的措施達成。其 進-步特點見於申請專利範圍附屬項。 X處理衣置的殼體呈立架形狀，使得該裝置整體可 ^在有些平坦的地面上並操作。利用該機械式過濾裝置， ^ 】某種尺寸的異物粒子從所要處理的水過濾出來。 如此用機械方式、;容/μ AA ^ ^ 式乎化的水可受壓力透過一滲透膜，用過所 胃的反向今透」的過程可將鹽水處理成淡水，換言之， 使飲水中的離子變得比所供應之鹽原水少。 此機械式過濾裝置可包含一前過濾器，以將污染物分 離，並包含一微過濾器，以將小如細菌的較細粒子除去: 當微過濾器的孔隙大小Ο” _，所過濾的水可稱得上 「消毒過濾」，亦即幾乎無菌。其餘的細菌利用反向涞 除去。 夕九 用於產生水壓的裝置宜為一齒輪泵，因為利用這種齒 7 200848373 輪泵可產纟10〜15巴度量級的大麼力，而且係可利用手 動曲柄驅動器產生。為了預防錯誤操作，該齒輪栗可 —柵形管路的横分枝中，在其縱分枝中有止回闕，該止回 閥的極性係使水只能從入口側送到出口側。 本發明一實施例配合圖式說明如下。 【實施方式】200848373 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hand-operated drinking water treatment device. [Prior Art] Some mobile drinking water treatment equipment can be carried on the car (often the car of the rescue agency), and the cost of the private-type drinking water treatment equipment is high. However, there is also a need for low-cost drinking water treatment facilities, especially for dry and dry areas, to supply drinking water from smaller groups of people from non-potable sources. L-poor content] & species purpose is achieved by taking measures in the scope of the patent. Its advanced features are found in the patent application scope. The housing of the X-handling garment is in the shape of a stand so that the device as a whole can be operated on some flat ground. With this mechanical filter device, ^] foreign matter particles of a certain size are filtered out from the water to be treated. So mechanically, the volume of water can be treated by pressure through a permeable membrane, and the process of using the reverse phase of the stomach can treat the brine into fresh water, in other words, in the drinking water. The ions become less than the raw salt water supplied. The mechanical filtration device can include a pre-filter to separate contaminants and a micro-filter to remove finer particles as small as bacteria: When the pore size of the micro-filter is Ο, _, filtered Water can be called "disinfection filtration", which is almost sterile. The remaining bacteria are removed using reverse enthalpy.夕9 The device used to generate the water pressure should be a gear pump, because the use of this tooth 7 200848373 wheel pump can produce a large force of 10 to 15 bar, and can be generated by a manual crank drive. In order to prevent erroneous operation, the cross-section of the gear-corrugated tube has a checkback in its longitudinal branch, the polarity of which is such that water can only be sent from the inlet side to the outlet side. An embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the drawings. [Embodiment]
該飲水處理裝置的最主要部分為一殼體⑴、—前 器⑺、-微過滤器（3)、_驅動器（4)、_反向渗透單元（=) 及一水槽⑷。殼體⑴包含-圓筒形上殼體⑽及-截錐形 下殼體（11)’它們組合成立架形式。上殼體⑽中設有一「水 充入室」(12)以容納泵水及前過滤器⑺。其下方有一空間( 以容納微過濾器⑺。更下方有一空間區域⑷，其中設有驅 動器⑷的齒輪增速裝置。上殼體⑽下方用一板〇5)圍住。 該板與反向渗透單元（5)連接。空間（12)〜（14)及部件（ 係王盤狀互相層疊。 上殼體（10)經由部件（15)(5)與下殼體⑴）牢接，水槽 設在下殼體中。水槽有-「出口水龍頭」(61)，處理：的 水可經該出口水龍頭取出。此外，上殼體與下殼體經-把 手（16)互相連接’把手有_支持臂（17)與板（15)牢接，支持 臂伸入上殼體（10)内部。 為了要能良好地使用’該裝置的高度S 30〜60cm範 圍。 前過濾器⑺包含三個濁形的陶竟過濾體(20)，它們被 孔隙穿過，孔隙的大小在5〜3〇μηι範圍，它們開口到「流 8 200848373 出通道」，流出通道把預淨化的水送到微過濾器單元（3)。 為了保護陶瓷過濾體（20)的孔以防遮斷，可將陶瓷過濾器 體的表面將覆層刮掉，且為此設有刮削器（Schaber)(22)， 它們可經一把手頭（23)來回移動。刮削掉的異物藉著將「水 充入室」（12)沖刷而除去。The most important part of the drinking water treatment device is a casing (1), a front (7), a microfilter (3), a _driver (4), a reverse osmosis unit (=) and a water tank (4). The casing (1) comprises a cylindrical upper casing (10) and a truncated cone lower casing (11)' which are combined to form a frame. A "water charging chamber" (12) is provided in the upper casing (10) to accommodate the pump water and the front filter (7). There is a space below it (to accommodate the microfilter (7). There is a space area (4) below which is provided with a gear speed increasing device of the drive (4). The upper casing (10) is surrounded by a plate 〇 5). The plate is connected to a reverse osmosis unit (5). The spaces (12) to (14) and the members (the king discs are laminated to each other. The upper casing (10) is firmly connected to the lower casing (1) via the members (15) (5), and the water tank is provided in the lower casing. The sink has an "outlet tap" (61) through which the treated water can be removed. Further, the upper and lower casings are connected to each other via a handle (16). The handle has a support arm (17) that is in close contact with the plate (15), and the support arm extends into the interior of the upper casing (10). In order to be able to use well, the height of the device is in the range of S 30 to 60 cm. The front filter (7) comprises three turbid ceramic filters (20) which are passed through by the pores. The size of the pores is in the range of 5~3〇μηι, and they open to the "flow 8 200848373 out channel", and the outflow channel pre- The purified water is sent to the microfilter unit (3). In order to protect the holes of the ceramic filter body (20) from being interrupted, the surface of the ceramic filter body can be scraped off, and for this purpose a scraper (22) is provided, which can be passed through a handle (23). ) Move back and forth. The scraped foreign matter is removed by flushing the "water into the room" (12).
微過濾單元（3)設計成設成可轉動方式的離心轉鼓（3〇) 的方式，其函殼面與底完全用微過濾不織布（31)覆蓋。微 過濾不織布（31)的孔隙大小在G l〜3(lm範圍，且宜G 2㈣。 離〜轉政可用下文還要說明的方式被驅動器（4)驅動旋轉， 這點使得通過微過濾不織布（31)的通過量比起只用重力的 通過量更多。 驅動器（4)包含一手動曲柄（4〇)，其驅動軸（41)驅動一 錐形齒輪(42) ’以經由聯動器級(43)(44)(45)驅動一軸(46)， 經該軸(46) 一方面將離心轉鼓(3〇)驅動’另方面將反向滲透 單元（5)驅動。在軸（41)及（46)之間造成增速，例如增速比 1.8軸（41)支承在把手（16)上，且聯動器級（43)(44)的中間 軸以及出力軸（46)支承在支持臂（17)及板（15)上。 反向滲透單元（5)利用圖2說明，它包含一渗透膜（5〇)， 該滲透膜（50)包含在-㈣力的箱（51)中。此外設有一齒輪 泵⑺，以將供應之鹽水施壓。該耐壓的箱（51)和齒輪果⑺ 被-圍框(52)圍住，以將壓力系統對其他之裝置部分分開。 該耐壓的箱（51)有一下室（53)及一 h宕 ^ ^ 上至（54)，它們利用一膜 (50)互相隔開。一「加壓水通道」（55)通到滲透膜⑽，且 由齒輪泵⑺供應。-「流出通道」（56)將反向渗透單元⑺ 9 200848373 與水槽（6)連接。 圖3中，顯示齒輪泵（7)開放狀態的放大圖。—The microfiltration unit (3) is designed in such a way that it is arranged in a rotatable centrifugal drum (3 〇), the cover surface and the bottom of which are completely covered by a microfiltration non-woven fabric (31). The pore size of the microfiltration non-woven fabric (31) is in the range of G l~3 (lm range, and preferably G 2 (four). The detachment can be driven by the driver (4) in a manner to be explained below, which makes the micro-filter non-woven ( The throughput of 31) is greater than the throughput by gravity alone. The driver (4) contains a hand crank (4 〇) whose drive shaft (41) drives a bevel gear (42) 'to pass the actuator stage ( 43) (44) (45) drive a shaft (46) through which the centrifugal drum (3〇) is driven on the one hand to drive the reverse osmosis unit (5) in another direction. On the shaft (41) and (46) causes a speed increase between, for example, a speed increase ratio of 1.8 shaft (41) supported on the handle (16), and the intermediate shaft of the coupler stage (43) (44) and the output shaft (46) are supported on the support arm ( 17) and the plate (15). The reverse osmosis unit (5) is illustrated by Figure 2, which comprises a permeable membrane (5 〇) contained in a - (four) force box (51). A gear pump (7) is provided to pressurize the supplied brine. The pressure resistant tank (51) and the gear fruit (7) are enclosed by a frame (52) to separate the pressure system from the other devices. The pressure tank (51) has a lower chamber (53) and a h宕^^ up to (54), which are separated from each other by a membrane (50). A "pressurized water passage" (55) leads to the permeable membrane (10) And supplied by the gear pump (7). - "Outflow passage" (56) connects the reverse osmosis unit (7) 9 200848373 with the water tank (6). In Fig. 3, an enlarged view of the open state of the gear pump (7) is shown.
(7〇)包含-第-齒輪㈤及-第二齒輪（72)，它們互= 合:因此將-吸取室（73)與—壓力室（74)隔開H「圍 繞殼體」（75)形成吸取及壓力通道（76)(77)，朝向内殼體 (70)，有一「供應開口」（78)通到該通道，一「流出開口」 (79)由該通道導離。在吸取通道（76)與該二室⑺）或（7句之 間，設有止回閥（81)(82)，在壓力通道（77)與室（73)或㈣ 之間設有止回閥（83)(84)。用此方法形成—拇形管路 (GmZSChaltung)，如圖4所示，它可確保吸取側往往在開 口⑽而壓力側往往在開口 (79)，而與旋轉方向無關。（當 驅動器旋轉方向逆轉時，吸取室與壓力室交換，而不會對 水的壓力運送造成影響）。齒輪泵（7)可建立起一壓力，在S ι〇 〜15巴的度量級，這點係和齒輪側翼製造準確度以及齒輪 上下側的密封作用有關。 還有一個出口裝置（9)和反向滲透單元（5)的壓力側配 合，以使富含鹽的水流出，且它包含_過壓閥（91)(圖2)及 一廢水軟管（92)(圖1)。 飲水處理裝置的操作如下： 將泵水注入裝置的空間（12)，且水經陶瓷過濾體（2〇)的 孔隙進入空間（1 3)及轉鼓（3 〇)内部。泵水中的雜質主要在陶 究過濾體（20)的表面被擔住，且可時時利用刮削器 (Schaber)(22)作刮削（Abschaben)而除去。進入空間（13)中 之預過濾的水受重力作用經微過濾器（3)的孔隙進入空間 200848373 (1 4)。通過量可利用離心轉鼓（3〇)驅動而提高。在空間（j 4) 中收集過濾的水，它幾乎無菌，且因此堪稱「消毒過濾」。 此細過濾過的水從空間（14)經供應開口（78)進入齒輪泵（7) 的吸取通道（76)及吸取室（77)並由齒輪泵加壓，該壓力相當 於原水的滲透壓。鹹水的滲透壓在5〜8巴的度量級。利 用此由齒輪泵（7)構建的壓力，充分無鹽的水通過滲透膜（5〇)(7〇) includes a -th gear (5) and a second gear (72) which are mutually integrated: thus separating the suction chamber (73) from the pressure chamber (74) H "around the casing" (75) A suction and pressure passage (76) (77) is formed, toward the inner casing (70), a "supply opening" (78) opens into the passage, and an "outflow opening" (79) is guided away from the passage. There is a check valve (81) (82) between the suction passage (76) and the second chamber (7) or (7 sentences), and a check is provided between the pressure passage (77) and the chamber (73) or (4). Valve (83) (84). Formed by this method - a thumb-shaped tube, as shown in Figure 4, it ensures that the suction side is often at the opening (10) and the pressure side is often at the opening (79), and the direction of rotation Irrelevant. (When the direction of rotation of the drive is reversed, the suction chamber exchanges with the pressure chamber without affecting the pressure delivery of the water.) The gear pump (7) establishes a pressure at the level of S 〇 15 15 bar. This is related to the manufacturing accuracy of the gear flank and the sealing effect on the upper and lower sides of the gear. There is also a pressure device side of the outlet device (9) and the reverse osmosis unit (5) to allow the salt-rich water to flow out, and It consists of an overpressure valve (91) (Fig. 2) and a waste water hose (92) (Fig. 1). The operation of the drinking water treatment device is as follows: The pump water is injected into the space of the device (12) and the water passes through the ceramic filter body. The pores of (2〇) enter the space (1 3) and the inside of the drum (3 〇). The impurities in the pump water are mainly in the ceramic filter (20). The surface is carried and can be removed by scraping (Schaber) (22) from time to time. The pre-filtered water entering the space (13) is subjected to gravity through the pores of the microfilter (3). Space 200848373 (1 4). The throughput can be increased by driving with a centrifugal drum (3〇). The filtered water is collected in space (j 4), which is almost sterile and therefore called “sterilization filtration”. The filtered water enters the suction passage (76) of the gear pump (7) and the suction chamber (77) from the space (14) through the supply opening (78) and is pressurized by a gear pump, which is equivalent to the osmotic pressure of the raw water. The osmotic pressure is in the range of 5 to 8 bar. Using this pressure built by the gear pump (7), the fully salt-free water passes through the permeable membrane (5〇)
過去到「流出通道」（56)並經此通道過去進入水槽（6)'，處 理過的水由水槽經「流出水龍頭」（61)取出。 处 在用含水原水作對應地久的操作時，在加壓水通道05) 中水的鹽濃度增加，且要作反向滲透單元（5)的操作所需的 水麼超過錄泵⑺產生的壓力能力。因此將反向滲透單元 ⑸的加壓水通道與廢水流的「出4置」⑼連接。其過壓 閥（91)調整成使得在超過某一水壓（它對應於水中一臨界鹽 濃度的滲透壓）時，該水就呈含鹽水流出。在此係利用一點孤 過壓閥顯示相當的滯後（Hyste—現象，換言之在較高壓 力時打開而在較低壓力時再關上。因&，一份含太多鹽的 水從反向滲透單元（5)出來並被導離。 上述所予之孔隙大小及滲透屋的值只作為例子。該值 可比所予者更高及更低，俾配合特別的情形。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係該飲水處理裝置的部分立體剖視圖， 圖2係經該反向滲透單元的一剖面圖， 圖3係一齒輪泵， 圖4係一柵形管路。 200848373 【主要元件符號說明】 (1) 殼體 (2) 前過濾器 (3) 微過濾器 (4) 驅動器 (5) 反向滲透單元 (6) 水槽 ⑺ 齒輪泵 (9) 出口裝置 (10) 上殼體 (11) 下殼體 (12) 空間（水充入室） (13) 空間（水充入室） (14) 空間（水充入室） (15) 部件（板） (16) 把手 (17) 支持臂 (20) 陶瓷過濾體 (22) 刮削器 (23) 把手頭 (30) 離心轉鼓 (31) 微過濾不織布 (40) 手動驅柄 (41) 驅動軸 12 200848373In the past, it went to the "outflow channel" (56) and passed through the channel into the water tank (6)'. The treated water was taken out by the water tank through the "outflow tap" (61). When operating with water-containing raw water for a correspondingly long period of time, the salt concentration of water in the pressurized water passage 05) is increased, and the water required for the operation of the reverse osmosis unit (5) exceeds that produced by the recording pump (7). Stress ability. Therefore, the pressurized water passage of the reverse osmosis unit (5) is connected to the "out of 4" (9) of the waste water stream. The overpressure valve (91) is adjusted such that when a certain water pressure (which corresponds to an osmotic pressure of a critical salt concentration in water) is exceeded, the water flows out as saline. In this case, a slight overpressure valve is used to show considerable hysteresis (Hyste- phenomenon, in other words, it opens at a higher pressure and closes at a lower pressure. Because &, a water containing too much salt penetrates from the reverse direction The unit (5) comes out and is guided away. The pore size and the value of the permeation chamber mentioned above are only examples. The value can be higher and lower than the one given, and it can be combined with a special case. [Simplified illustration] 1 is a partial perspective cross-sectional view of the drinking water treatment device, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view through the reverse osmosis unit, Fig. 3 is a gear pump, and Fig. 4 is a grid-shaped pipe. 200848373 [Main component symbol description] (1) ) Housing (2) Front filter (3) Micro filter (4) Drive (5) Reverse osmosis unit (6) Sink (7) Gear pump (9) Outlet unit (10) Upper housing (11) Lower housing (12) Space (water filling chamber) (13) Space (water filling chamber) (14) Space (water filling chamber) (15) Parts (board) (16) Handle (17) Support arm (20) Ceramic filter body ( 22) Scraper (23) Handle head (30) Centrifugal drum (31) Micro-filtered non-woven fabric (40) Manual drive Handle (41) drive shaft 12 200848373
(42) 錐形齒輪 (43)(44)聯動器級 (45) (46) 軸 (50) 滲透膜 (51) 箱 (52) 圍框 (53) 下室 (54) 上室 (55) 加壓水通道 (56) 流出通道 (61) 出口水龍頭 (70) 内殼體 (71) 第一齒輪 (72) 第二齒輪 (73) 吸取室 (74) 壓力室 (75) 圍繞殼體 (76) 吸取通道 (77) 壓力通道 (78) 供應開口 (79) 流出開口 (81)(82)上回閥 (83)(84) 13 200848373 (91) 過壓閥 (92) 廢水軟管(42) Bevel gear (43) (44) coupler stage (45) (46) shaft (50) permeable membrane (51) box (52) enclosure (53) lower chamber (54) upper chamber (55) plus Pressurized water channel (56) Outflow channel (61) Outlet faucet (70) Inner casing (71) First gear (72) Second gear (73) Suction chamber (74) Pressure chamber (75) Surrounding housing (76) Suction channel (77) Pressure channel (78) Supply opening (79) Outflow opening (81) (82) Upper return valve (83) (84) 13 200848373 (91) Overpressure valve (92) Waste water hose