200834614 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種分段可調電感器，尤其涉及一種可用於各種高頻及微 波電路的分段可調電感器。 【先前技術】 在電子器件家族裏，可調電感器的存在使電子回路的製作變得更加靈 活，方便。在幾百MHz以下的電子回路中，可調電感器已得到廣泛的應用， 如匹配電路、繼電料。可是當使用辭在更高時，現有的集中參數可 凋電感益已不能反映電感的特性，頻率特性變壞，q值變小，已失去電感使 用效能。 於疋本申清人於2〇〇恃5月10日在中國大陸提交了關於可用於各種 呵頻及微波電路的可調電感器的專利中請，並於襲年丨月沈日公告， 專利號爲2_臟7166.9，發明名稱爲可調電感器，在該專利文獻中公開 了一種可調賴器，其可驗高頻及微波電路，其包括基體、在基體上的 、屬Uf線t成的固疋電感和信號端，該可調電感器還包括位於基體上部 的用來改變固定電感的有效電感部分的金屬微帶線的幾何尺寸的導電片和 用首來改變導電片與固定賴的金屬微帶線的接觸面義緣物，該絕緣物與 導電以目鄰接。然而上述的可調電感器只能在給定的範_對電感進行連 。p而在實際制的％合中有時也會有只需偏幾個固定電感值的時 候，而此時若採用上述的可調電感器則調節起來比較費時，而且比較難控 5 200834614 制得到所需的電感值。 【發明内容】 本毛明所要解決的技術問題在於提供-種分段定量可調的分段可調電 感器，其應用在只需使用幾個固定電感值的場合中時，調節起來比較快， • 而且比較容易控制得到所需的電感值。 c 爲解決上述技術問題，本發明所採用的技術方案是：提供一種分段可 調電感器’其包括·基體、信號輸入端和信號輸出端，所述分段可調電感 (1還包括在所述基體上的多_定«，所述固定電感通過信號微帶線相 串聯’相串聯形成的串聯固"感的兩端分別與所述信號輸人端和信號輸 出端相連接，所述分段可調電感器還包括至少一控制所述固定電感的兩端 連接以使所述固定電感短路的導電片或電控開關。 爲解決上述技術問題，本發明所採用的另一技術方案是：提供一種分 奴可调電感器，其包括：基體、信號輸入端和信號輸出端，所述分段可調 電感器還包括在所述基體上的多_定電感和至少—控制所述多個固定電 ^ 感並聯的導電片或電控開關，並聯後形成一個並聯固定電感，所述並聯固 — 定電感的兩端分別與所述信號輸入端和信號輸出端相連接。 爲解決上述技術問題，本發明所採用的又一技術方案是：提供一種八 &可调電感器，其包括：基體、在所述基體上的—固定電感'與所述固定 電感的兩端直接連接的信號輸入端和信號輸出端，所述分段可調電感哭還 包括一控制所述固定電感的兩端連接以使所述固定電感短路的導電片或電 控開關。 6 200834614 上述技術方案的進一步改進在於：所述電控開關位於所述基體的表層 或内層，所述多個固定電感位於所述基體的同一層或不同層。 本發明的有益效果是：由於本發明的分段可調電感器具有一個或多個 固定電感，通過導電片或電控開關將所述固定電感分段無效掉，從而實現 • 分段可調電感器電感量的分段定量可調；另外，由於本發明的分段可調電 ， 感器的多個固定電感可以位於所述基體的不同層，因此可大大節省固定電 感所佔用的電路板面積和實現電感量均勻分段調節；另外，導電片是與固 (’ 笔感的車相連接’而不與微細的固定電感直接摩擦接觸，從而提高了器 件的可靠性。 因此本發明具有以下優點： a·在高頻及微波頻段實現了魏量的分段定量精密可調； b.由於是多層分段式可調’在相同的調節範圍内，本發明的分段可調 電感的表面積大大減小； C•固定電感不限於微帶線電感， ^由於可選用旋轉式調節方式， 信電路中； 也可以是分立元件電感； 調節方便，適用各種小型化電子及通 •馈明構造簡單，製作成本低，便於各種電路使用； f·適用於各種調譜回路，、哭兩 H $路’匹配回路’調整回路，控制及 ，如頻率安⑼’電磁齡量的調節用； 適_要求贼量精度高，而峡電氣 分調整用以滿足全體電路特性的情況； ^要口路《 200834614 h.可作爲試驗室的研究開發用的調整，測試設備； 1·可集成在射頻積體電路（RFIC)'混合積體電路以及單片微波積體電 路（MMIC)裏。 【實施方式】 ΓBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a segment-adjustable inductor, and more particularly to a segment-adjustable inductor that can be used in various high-frequency and microwave circuits. [Prior Art] In the electronic device family, the presence of a tunable inductor makes the fabrication of the electronic circuit more flexible and convenient. In electronic circuits below a few hundred MHz, tunable inductors have been widely used, such as matching circuits and relays. However, when the usage is higher, the existing centralized parameters can not reflect the characteristics of the inductor, the frequency characteristics become worse, the q value becomes smaller, and the inductance is lost. Yu Benben Shen Qing submitted a patent application on the adjustable inductors that can be used for various frequency and microwave circuits in China on May 10, and announced the patent in the next month. No. 7166.9, the name of the invention is a tunable inductor. In this patent document, an adjustable device is disclosed, which can detect a high frequency and microwave circuit, which comprises a base body and a Uf line on the base body. The solid inductor and the signal end, the adjustable inductor further comprises a conductive strip on the upper part of the substrate for changing the geometrical size of the metal microstrip line of the effective inductance portion of the fixed inductor and the first to change the conductive sheet and the fixed The contact surface of the metal microstrip line is a material that is adjacent to the conductive material. However, the above-mentioned adjustable inductor can only be connected to a given fan-to-inductor. However, in the actual system of %, sometimes there are only a few fixed inductance values, and at this time, if the above-mentioned adjustable inductor is used, it is time-consuming to adjust, and it is more difficult to control 5 200834614 The required inductance value. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a segment-adjustable inductor with a stepwise quantitative adjustment, which is applied in a situation where only a few fixed inductance values are used, and the adjustment is faster. • It is also easier to control the desired inductance value. In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a segment-adjustable inductor which includes a base body, a signal input end and a signal output end, and the segment-segment adjustable inductor (1 is also included in The plurality of fixed electrodes on the substrate are connected to the signal input end and the signal output end respectively through the signal microstrip line in series. The segment-adjustable inductor further includes at least one conductive sheet or an electronically controlled switch that controls connection between the two ends of the fixed inductor to short-circuit the fixed inductor. To solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention Yes: providing a slave-invariant inductor comprising: a substrate, a signal input, and a signal output, the segment-adjustable inductor further comprising a plurality of inductors on the substrate and at least - controlling the A plurality of conductive strips or electronically controlled switches in parallel with each other are connected in parallel to form a parallel fixed inductor, and two ends of the parallel solid-state inductor are respectively connected to the signal input end and the signal output end. To solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an eight-amplifier inductor including: a base body, a fixed inductor on the base body and two ends of the fixed inductor directly The connected signal input terminal and the signal output terminal further comprise a conductive strip or an electronically controlled switch that controls the two ends of the fixed inductor to be short-circuited to the fixed inductor. 6 200834614 A further improvement is that the electronically controlled switch is located in a surface layer or an inner layer of the base body, and the plurality of fixed inductors are located in the same layer or different layers of the base body. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: due to the segmentation of the present invention The tuned inductor has one or more fixed inductors, and the fixed inductor segment is eliminated by a conductive sheet or an electronically controlled switch, thereby achieving a stepwise quantitative adjustment of the segmented tunable inductor inductance; In the segmented adjustable power of the invention, a plurality of fixed inductances of the sensor can be located in different layers of the base body, thereby greatly saving the circuit board area occupied by the fixed inductance. The inductance is evenly adjusted in stages; in addition, the conductive sheet is in direct frictional contact with the solid ('feel-connected vehicle'' without the fine fixed inductance, thereby improving the reliability of the device. Therefore, the present invention has the following advantages: a·The segmentation quantitative precision adjustment of the Wei quantity is realized in the high frequency and microwave frequency bands; b. Because the multi-layer segmentation type is adjustable', within the same adjustment range, the surface area of the segmented adjustable inductance of the invention is greatly reduced Small; C• fixed inductor is not limited to microstrip line inductance, ^ can be selected by rotary adjustment, in the letter circuit; can also be discrete component inductance; easy to adjust, suitable for all kinds of miniaturized electronics and communication Low cost, easy to use in various circuits; f · Applicable to various tuning circuits, crying two H $ road 'matching loop' adjustment loop, control and, for example, frequency safety (9) 'adjustment of electromagnetic age; High precision, and the adjustment of the electric power of the gorge to meet the characteristics of the whole circuit; ^The mouth of the road "200834614 h. Can be used as the adjustment and testing equipment for the research and development of the laboratory; Integrated radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) 'hybrid integrated circuit and monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) in. [Embodiment] Γ
U 睛參閱圖1，本發明第一實施方式的分段可調電感器包括基體3、在基 體3的表層上的信號輸入端卜信號輸出端2、連接固定電感用信號微帶線 11和一個固定電感7、8、9 ;其中，固定電感7是分立式固定電感，固定 電感8和9是微帶線固定鶴，三侧定賊7、8、g _㈣微帶線^ 相幸聯’形成串聯’電感，該串聯固定電感的兩端分別與信號輸入端1 和信號輸出端2相連接。該分段可調賴闕包括毅無定電感的導 私片_用於矛夕動或轉動導電片4的絕緣物5;絕緣物5可以是印刷電路板， 導包片4製作在印刷電路板上，印刷電路板可做成圓形，便於調節，印刷 電路板的圓心6與基體3的圓心6是關心；圓形印刷電路板的外沿處可 槽10 ’起到限定旋轉角度的作用。印刷電路板上設有導電片 、土體3表面’即信號微帶線11的那面相接觸；通過旋轉印刷電路 板來旋轉導電片4的/打$ ^ ^ 的位置，使導電片4分別將固定電感7、8、9的兩端短 路刀別使其電感無效，從而起到電感量的分段可調。 清參閱圖2，本發明第一眘 、也方式的刀|又可調電感器的導電片4 固定電感7、8、9益㈣料从 個 …、效掉，^雜入端1進來的信號不會通過固定電感7、 200834614 8、9，而是直接經信號微帶線n和導電片4傳送到信號輸出端2。導電片 4的寬度最好與信號微帶線11的寬度相同。 請參閱圖3a、圖3b、圖3c和圖3d，本發明第二實施方式的分段可調 電感器是-辦層基體的分段可調電感器，基體3是多層基體，在基體3 的表層U-層）上設置有信號輸入端丨、信號輸出端2、連接固定電感用 信號微帶線η ;圖3b、圖3e㈣3d相絲製作在麵3的第二層14、 第三層15和第四層16上的三侧定電感17、18'19，它們是微帶線電感， 各個固定«的_通過穿孔，分财接縣體3的表層，其中，固定電 感17的兩端分別連接到表層的埠2G、21，固定賴18的兩端分別連接^ 表層的埠2 2、23，駭電感19 _端分騎接職層的埠24、25 ;三個 固定電感通過職微帶線H㈣聯，形成—辦麵定賴，該串聯固定 電感的兩齡職舰輸人端1和信騎_ 2連接；該分段可調電感還 包括用於短路固定電感的導電片4和用於移動或轉動導電片的絕緣物^絕 緣物5可以是印刷電路板，導電片5製作在印刷電路板上，導電片5的寬 度最好與信號微帶線11的寬度相同。印刷電路板可做成圓形，便於調節， 印刷電路板的圓心6與基體3的圓心6是同圓心。圓形印刷電路板的外沿 處可設置-蚊位槽1G，起聰定_角度的侧。印魏上設有導 電片4的那面與基體3表層上信號微帶線u的那 電路板來旋轉導電片4的位置’使導電片4分別將位於基體3表層上的固 定電感的兩端短路’分別個定魏無效，從而麵電感量的分段可調。 9 200834614 晴參閱圖4,本發明第三實施方式的分段可調電感器與第二實施方式的 分段可調電感器的區別在於將多個固定電感製作在基體的同一層26上。三 個固定電感的兩端20、2卜22、23、24、25、26通過穿孔連接，分別連接 到基體表層。 請參閱圖5a、圖5b、圖5c和圖5d，其是本發明第四實施方式的分段 可凋電感器用多段導電片無效固定電感的示意圖。導電片可以是多個導電 片的分段組合，分段式導電片可喊少導電片與微帶健線接觸後的額外 的電容效應。圖5b是將-個固定電感無效掉的示意圖，圖化是將兩個固 定電感無效掉的示意圖，圖5(1是將三個固定電感無效掉的示意圖。 請參閱圖6，本發明第五實施方式的分段可調電感器與第一實施方式的 分段可調電感⑤的區別在於，其是-個定量均勻的分段可調電感器，固定 電感27、28、29的f感值相同。這樣分段可調輯器的電感遞減量或遞增 量是相_。這裏要_的是本發明的分段可調電感器是雙向可調的，即 它的電感量可以由大到小變化，也可以由小到大變化。 請參關7，本發明第六實施方式的分段可調賴器是單侧定電感 30組成的分段可調電感器，該固定電感3〇的兩端直接與信號輸入端i、信 號輸出端2相連接。通過導電片4或電控開_固定電感3()的兩端短路， 可使電感ϊ减制零，起到賴量的可調。所述分段可調縣器還包括 用來移動所述導電片位置的絕緣物，該絕緣物與所述導電片的一面相鄰 接，所述導電片的另-面與基體表層相鄰接。所述絕緣物是印刷電路板， 所述導電片製作在所述印_路板上，所彰卩路板的外沿開設有定位 200834614 槽所述固疋電感是微帶線電感或分立式電感， ·若所述固定電感是微帶線 電感’則所述固定電感位於所述基體的表層或内層；當所述固定電感位於 所述基體内層’且控制所述固定電感的兩端連接以使所述固定電感短路是 通過導電片實晴，所述固定電感的兩端連接到所述基體的表層；若所述 : 電感疋刀立式電感’則所述固定電感位於基體的表層。所述電控開關 ，位於所述基體的表層或⑽，所述固定賊與所述電控開關位於所述基體 、的同-層或不同層；若所述電控開關與所顧定電感不同層，則所述固定 電感的兩端連接到所述電控開關所在的層。 請參閱圖8a和圖8b，本發明第七實施方式的分段可調鶴器是用電控 開關方式無效電感的。固定電感32、33、34與電㈣_可以不在基體3 的同-層，各固定電感32、33、34的兩端通過穿孔分別連接到基體3表層， 其中，固定電感32的兩端分別連接到表層的埠2〇、21，固定電感33的兩 端分別連制表層_ 22、23，峡錢34 _端分财接到表層的淳 j 24、25 ;三細定電感通過信號微帶線u相串聯，形成—個串聯固定電感， ’該串聯固定電感的兩端分別與信號輸人端i和信號輪出端2相連接。該分 : 段可調電感器還包括用於短路固定電感的至少-個電控_，這裏用了三 個電控開關，各個電控開關的兩信號端分別與各個固定電感㈣端減 接。通過外部觸發信號，使電控開關31閉合或斷開，當電控開㈣閉合 時’可無效掉所連接的固定電感，起到電感分段可調的作用。電控開關可 以選用微波高速開關管（比如PIN管）或場效應管（Ff：T)作開關管。在机 计輯控關時要考慮到各電控關間削_發信號（控鄉幻的相互 11 200834614 隔離’可以在電控開關間加人_合電容，耦合電容的_是讓射頻微波信 號通過’阻礙開關觸發信號通過。開關觸發信號—般是頻率較低的信號。 在開關觸發錄與電控削㈣加人高阻抗線，其仙是醜㈣微波信號 從開關觸發信號處漏出。 34裏要強調的是，電控開關可以製作在基體的表層或内層。比如基體 ，是料較鎵基體時，電控開關、蚊電感都可以集成在基體内。在單片 〜 微波積體電路（騰）裏，就廣泛地將電感、有源電路集成在一起。 請參閱圖9，它是-個分段可調電感器的實物截面圖。爲了旋轉方便， 在¥電>1的印刷電路板和基體3的圓^處安裝__個旋制調節軸36，在該 印刷電路板與分段可調電感器的外殼38間安裝—個彈性抑洲，該彈性塾 片39在旋轉方向顯剛性，在上下方向顯彈性，使調節後，該印刷電路板的 位置保持不變，起到使導電片與信號微帶線穩定接觸的作用。在調節轴36 與外殼38的内側設有一個橡皮塾圈37，起穩定作用，在外殼％内設計有 、—個定位柱蚊位槽1Η目配合（圖未示），起到限制轉動調節角度的作用， J 目的是防止過調節。 : #分段可調電感11只有-_定電感時，较-個特例，無論串聯方 錢麵方式其改變賴量財式_，狀賴的兩端分職信號輪入 私、仏虎輪出端相連接，只需將固定電感的兩端用導電片或用電控開關短 路，使電感量從有變無或從無變有，就可以完成電感的調節。 下面對並聯方式組成的分段可調電感器作一詳細說明。 12 200834614 請參閱圖IGa，本發明第人實施方式的分段 J凋電感裔是一個多層的由 三個固定電感並聯而形成的分段可調電感器。請 乂閱圖10b'圖1〇。、圖舰， 三個固定電感L1、L2、L3都是一個微帶電感，分別製作在多層基體3的不 同層上’並通過穿孔分別絲體表層的埠81、82; 83、84;奶、__， 這三個固定電感LI、L2、L3分別通過導電片41， : 連接後，形成一個並 ,聯電感；當然這三個固定電感U、L2、L3的其中_端也可簡定連接，這 三侧定電感U、L2、L3的另-端通過導電片或電控開關控制其相連接。 〇 該並聯電感的兩端分別與信號輸人端卜信號輪出端2相連接。其中一個固 定電感的兩端可直接與信號輸入端1、信號輸出端2相連接，比如埠81、 82。導電片4卜42的移動是通過絕緣物5來移動的，這裏絕緣物是一個圓 形的印刷電路板，便於調節，印刷電路板的外沿製作了一個定位槽1〇，其 目的是限制導電片4卜42移動的範圍，導電片4卜42製作在印刷電路板 上，導電片41、42的那面與基體3表層相接觸。通過旋轉印刷電路板，帶 動導電片41、42轉動，以此將各個固定電感撥離或加上，從而改變並聯固 定電感的數量，以此完成電感量的可調。 下面對並聯式分段可調電感的電感量的調節過程作一詳細的說明。請 參閱圖11A、圖11a、圖11B、圖lib、圖11C '圖He、圖hd、圖lid， 其顯示了並聯方式的分段可調電感器的電感調節過程。在基體的表層上， 用兩個導電片41和42分別將三個固定電感LI、L2、L3的兩端相並聯，形 成一個並聯固定電感，該並聯固定電感的兩端分別與信號輸入端1、信號輸 出端2相連接。 13 200834614 請參閱圖11A’導電片41將埠81、83、85、信號輸入端1和信號輸出 端2相連接，導電片42將埠82'84和86相連接，此時，相當於導電片41 直接將信號輸入端1和信號輸出端2相連接，當然也可以在信號輸入端i 與信號輸出端2間單獨設置一個電控開關或單獨設置一個直通導電片；其 等效電路如® lla所示，該分段可調電感的賴量爲零。這裏要特別說明 • 的是，將L1、L2、L3相並聯後的電感量短路爲零的方式與圖7的方式相同。 請參閱ffi 11B，逆時針旋轉印刷電路板，使導電片41與信號輸出端2 〇 不相連接，導電片42也同時旋轉，但要求導電片42弧長設計的有-定的 餘度，在導電片41與埠85仍保持連接時，導電片42也保持與璋86的連 接，其等效電路如圖lib所示，該分段可調電感的電感量爲u、L2、u的 並聯電感量。 請參閱圖11C，繼續逆時針旋轉印刷電路板，使導電片41不與璋85相 連接’導電片42不與埠86相連接，其等效電路如圖llc所示，該分段可 調電感的電感量爲LI、L2的並聯電感量。 〇 請參關11D，繼續逆時針旋轉印刷電路板，使導電片41 *與埠83、 ：85相連接，導電片42不鱗84、86相連接，其等效電路如圖nd所示， 該分段可調電感的電感量爲L1的電感量。這裏要說明的是，可繼續少量逆 時針旋轉印刷電路板，使導電片4卜42脫離信號端，目的是不要使導電片 對信號産生電容效應，但旋轉也不能過度，防止導電片41與信號輸出端相 連接，這時，定位槽就起到限制過度旋轉的作用了。 14 200834614 另外，只需要-個導電片41也可以完成電感量的可調，即並聯固定電 感的一顧導電片41來連接，另—端直接與信號翻端2相連接，但這樣 作並聯固定賴的高頻《舰不好。因此本實财式_ 了兩個導電片 來連接並Μ定賴。峡電射岐微帶線縣、分立式賊或它們的 組合。分立式電感時，其可製作在基體的表層。 下面來說日賴電控_與岭電感實現並聯式分段可調電感的實施方 式。U-eyes Referring to FIG. 1, a segment-adjustable inductor according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a base 3, a signal input terminal on the surface of the base 3, a signal output terminal 2, a signal microstrip line 11 for connecting a fixed inductor, and a Fixed inductors 7, 8, 9; among them, fixed inductor 7 is a discrete fixed inductor, fixed inductors 8 and 9 are microstrip fixed cranes, three sides are fixed thieves 7, 8, g _ (four) microstrip line ^ 相幸联' A series 'inductance is formed, and two ends of the series fixed inductor are respectively connected to the signal input terminal 1 and the signal output terminal 2. The segment can be adjusted to include an insulating film of an indeterminate inductance, an insulator 5 for a spoke or a rotating conductive sheet 4, an insulator 5 which can be a printed circuit board, and a guide package 4 made on a printed circuit board. In the above, the printed circuit board can be made circular and easy to adjust. The center of the printed circuit board 6 and the center 6 of the base 3 are of interest; the outer edge of the circular printed circuit board can be used to define the angle of rotation. The printed circuit board is provided with a conductive sheet, the surface of the soil 3, that is, the surface of the signal microstrip line 11 is in contact; by rotating the printed circuit board, the position of the conductive sheet 4 is rotated / ^ ^ ^, so that the conductive sheet 4 will be respectively The short-circuiting of the fixed inductors 7, 8, and 9 does not invalidate the inductance, so that the inductance is stepwise adjustable. Referring to FIG. 2, the first cautionary and versatile knife of the present invention|the conductive sheet 4 of the adjustable inductor is fixed to the inductor 7, 8, and 9 (four) material from the ..., the effect, the signal of the incoming end 1 It will not pass through the fixed inductor 7, 200834614 8, 9 but directly to the signal output terminal 2 via the signal microstrip line n and the conductive strip 4. The width of the conductive sheet 4 is preferably the same as the width of the signal microstrip line 11. Referring to FIG. 3a, FIG. 3b, FIG. 3c and FIG. 3d, the segment-adjustable inductor of the second embodiment of the present invention is a segment-adjustable inductor of a layer base, and the base 3 is a multi-layer base body, and the base body 3 is The surface layer U-layer is provided with a signal input terminal 信号, a signal output terminal 2, and a signal microstrip line η for connecting a fixed inductor; FIG. 3b and FIG. 3e (4) 3d phase wires are formed on the second layer 14 and the third layer 15 of the surface 3 and The three sides of the fourth layer 16 are fixed inductors 17, 18'19, which are microstrip line inductors, each of which is fixed by _ through the perforation, and is divided into the surface layer of the county body 3, wherein the two ends of the fixed inductor 17 are respectively connected To the surface layer of 埠2G, 21, the two ends of the fixed Lai 18 are respectively connected to the surface layer 埠2 2, 23, the 骇 inductor 19 _ end points to the 埠 24, 25 of the occupation layer; three fixed inductors pass the service microstrip line H (four) joint, formed - the face is determined, the series of fixed inductance of the two-year-old ship input end 1 and the letter riding _ 2 connection; the segmented adjustable inductor also includes a conductive sheet 4 for short-circuiting the fixed inductance and for moving Or the insulating material 5 of the rotating conductive sheet may be a printed circuit board, and the conductive sheet 5 is formed on the printed circuit board, and the conductive sheet 5 It is preferably the same width as the width of the microstrip signal line 11. The printed circuit board can be made circular and easy to adjust, and the center 6 of the printed circuit board and the center 6 of the base 3 are the same center. The outer edge of the circular printed circuit board can be provided with a mosquito bit groove 1G, which serves as the side of the slanting angle. The circuit board on which the conductive sheet 4 is provided and the signal microstrip line u on the surface of the base 3 rotates the position of the conductive sheet 4 so that the conductive sheet 4 will respectively be located at both ends of the fixed inductor on the surface layer of the base 3. The short circuit 'is determined to be invalid, so the surface inductance can be adjusted in sections. 9 200834614 Clear Referring to Figure 4, the segment-adjustable inductor of the third embodiment of the present invention differs from the segment-adjustable inductor of the second embodiment in that a plurality of fixed inductors are fabricated on the same layer 26 of the substrate. The two ends 20, 2, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 of the three fixed inductors are connected by perforations and are respectively connected to the surface layer of the substrate. Please refer to FIG. 5a, FIG. 5b, FIG. 5c and FIG. 5d, which are schematic diagrams showing the ineffective fixed inductance of the multi-section conductive sheet for the segmentable inductor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The conductive sheet may be a segmented combination of a plurality of conductive sheets, and the segmented conductive sheet may scream for an additional capacitive effect after the conductive sheet contacts the microstrip line. Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of invalidating a fixed inductor. The diagram is a schematic diagram of invalidating two fixed inductors. Figure 5 (1 is a schematic diagram of invalidating three fixed inductors. See Figure 6, fifth of the present invention. The difference between the segment-adjustable inductor of the embodiment and the segment-adjustable inductor 5 of the first embodiment is that it is a quantitatively uniform segment-adjustable inductor, and the f-inductance of the fixed inductors 27, 28, and 29 The same is true. The inductance decrement or increment of the segmented editor is phase _. Here, the segmented tunable inductor of the present invention is bidirectionally adjustable, that is, its inductance can be from large to small. The change can also be changed from small to large. Please refer to FIG. 7. The segment adjustable device of the sixth embodiment of the present invention is a segment-adjustable inductor composed of a single-side fixed inductor 30, and two of the fixed inductors 3〇 The terminal is directly connected to the signal input terminal i and the signal output terminal 2. By short-circuiting both ends of the conductive sheet 4 or the electronically controlled open_fixed inductor 3(), the inductance can be reduced to zero, and the amount of the inductor can be adjusted. The segment-adjustable county device further includes an insulator for moving the position of the conductive sheet, the Adjacent to one side of the conductive sheet, the other side of the conductive sheet is adjacent to the surface layer of the substrate. The insulator is a printed circuit board, and the conductive sheet is formed on the printed board. The outer edge of the curved circuit board is provided with positioning 200834614. The solid inductor is a microstrip line inductor or a discrete inductor, and if the fixed inductor is a microstrip line inductor, the fixed inductor is located at the base. a surface layer or an inner layer; when the fixed inductor is located in the inner layer of the substrate and controlling the two ends of the fixed inductor to be connected such that the short circuit of the fixed inductor is transparent through the conductive sheet, both ends of the fixed inductor are connected to the The surface layer of the substrate; if the: the inductor is a vertical inductor, the fixed inductor is located on the surface layer of the substrate. The electronically controlled switch is located on the surface layer of the substrate or (10), the fixed thief and the electronic control The switch is located in the same layer or different layers of the substrate; if the electronically controlled switch is different from the predetermined inductance, both ends of the fixed inductor are connected to the layer where the electronic control switch is located. 8a and 8b, seventh embodiment of the present invention The segment-adjustable crane of the mode is ineffective by the electronically controlled switch mode. The fixed inductors 32, 33, 34 and the electric (four) _ may not be in the same layer of the base 3, and the two ends of the fixed inductors 32, 33, 34 pass. The perforations are respectively connected to the surface layer of the base 3, wherein the two ends of the fixed inductor 32 are respectively connected to the 埠2〇, 21 of the surface layer, and the two ends of the fixed inductor 33 are respectively connected to the surface layer _ 22, 23, and the gorge 34 _ end淳j 24, 25 to the surface layer; three fine-shaped inductors are connected in series through the signal microstrip line u to form a series fixed inductor, 'the two ends of the series fixed inductor are respectively connected with the signal input terminal i and the signal wheel output terminal 2 The connection: the segment-adjustable inductor also includes at least one electronic control _ for short-circuiting the fixed inductor, where three electronically controlled switches are used, and the two signal terminals of each electronically controlled switch are respectively connected to the respective fixed inductors (four) terminals. Reduced. Through the external trigger signal, the electronic control switch 31 is closed or opened. When the electronic control is turned on (4), the fixed inductance connected can be invalidated, and the inductance segment can be adjusted. The electronic control switch can be selected from a microwave high-speed switch tube (such as a PIN tube) or a field effect tube (Ff: T). In the control of the machine control, it is necessary to take into account the various electronic control off-sharing _ signal (control the mutual illusion of the mutual 11 200834614 isolation) can be added between the electronic control switch _ capacitor, coupling capacitor _ is to let the RF microwave signal Passing the 'impedance switch trigger signal. The switch trigger signal is generally a lower frequency signal. In the switch trigger recording and electronic control cutting (four) plus high impedance line, its fairy is ugly (four) microwave signal leaks from the switch trigger signal. It should be emphasized that the electronically controlled switch can be fabricated on the surface or inner layer of the substrate. For example, when the substrate is made of a gallium substrate, the electronically controlled switch and the mosquito inductor can be integrated in the base body. In the single piece ~ microwave integrated circuit ( In the case of Teng), the inductor and active circuit are widely integrated. Please refer to Figure 9, which is a physical sectional view of a segment-adjustable inductor. For the convenience of rotation, the printed circuit in ¥电>1 A circular adjustment shaft 36 is mounted on the circle of the board and the base 3, and an elastic depression is mounted between the printed circuit board and the outer casing 38 of the segment-adjustable inductor. The elastic cymbal 39 is displayed in the direction of rotation. Rigid, bullets in the up and down direction After the adjustment, the position of the printed circuit board is kept unchanged, and the conductive sheet is stably contacted with the signal microstrip line. A rubber ring 37 is provided on the inner side of the adjusting shaft 36 and the outer casing 38 for stabilization. In the outer casing%, there is a design of a positioning column mosquito bit slot 1 (not shown), which plays a role in limiting the angle of rotation adjustment. The purpose of J is to prevent over-adjustment. _ When setting the inductance, it is a special case. Regardless of the series side of the money surface mode, the change of the amount of money is _, and the two ends of the signal are connected to the private end, and the end of the wheel is connected, only the fixed inductance The two ends are electrically shorted by a conductive sheet or by an electric control switch, so that the inductance can be adjusted from no change or no change. The following is a detailed description of the segmented adjustable inductor composed of parallel mode. 12 200834614 Referring to FIG. IGa, the segmented J-inductor of the first embodiment of the present invention is a multi-layered segment-adjustable inductor formed by three fixed inductors in parallel. Please refer to FIG. 10b'FIG. , map ship, three fixed inductors L1, L2, L3 are Microstrip inductors are respectively fabricated on different layers of the multilayer substrate 3 and are respectively punctured by the perforations of the surface layers of the filaments 81, 82; 83, 84; milk, __, the three fixed inductors LI, L2, L3 are respectively electrically conductive Piece 41, : After connection, form a parallel and inductive; of course, the _ terminals of the three fixed inductors U, L2, and L3 can also be connected simply, and the other ends of the three sides of the fixed inductors U, L2, and L3 pass. The conductive sheet or the electronically controlled switch controls the connection thereof. 两端 The two ends of the parallel inductor are respectively connected with the signal input terminal 2 of the signal input terminal. One of the fixed inductors can be directly connected with the signal input terminal 1 and the signal output. The ends 2 are connected, for example, 埠81, 82. The movement of the conductive sheet 4b 42 is moved by the insulator 5, where the insulator is a circular printed circuit board for easy adjustment, and the outer edge of the printed circuit board is made. A positioning groove 1〇 is used to limit the range in which the conductive sheets 4 are moved, and the conductive sheets 4 are formed on the printed circuit board, and the side of the conductive sheets 41 and 42 is in contact with the surface layer of the substrate 3. By rotating the printed circuit board, the conductive sheets 41, 42 are rotated to separate or add the respective fixed inductors, thereby changing the number of the parallel fixed inductors, thereby completing the adjustment of the inductance. The following is a detailed description of the adjustment process of the inductance of the parallel segmented adjustable inductor. Please refer to FIG. 11A, FIG. 11a, FIG. 11B, FIG. lib, FIG. 11C 'FIG. He, FIG. hd, and FIG. 9D, which show the inductance adjustment process of the segmented adjustable inductor in parallel mode. On the surface layer of the substrate, two conductive electrodes LI, L2, and L3 are respectively connected in parallel by two conductive sheets 41 and 42 to form a parallel fixed inductor, and the two ends of the parallel fixed inductor are respectively connected to the signal input terminal 1 The signal output terminals 2 are connected. 13 200834614 Please refer to FIG. 11A' conductive sheet 41 to connect 埠81, 83, 85, signal input terminal 1 and signal output terminal 2, and conductive sheet 42 connects 埠82'84 and 86, at this time, equivalent to conductive sheet 41 Directly connect the signal input terminal 1 and the signal output terminal 2, of course, it is also possible to separately set an electronic control switch between the signal input terminal i and the signal output terminal 2 or separately set a through-conducting conductive piece; the equivalent circuit such as ® lla As shown, the segment-adjustable inductance has a dependency of zero. Specifically, the method of short-circuiting the inductances in which L1, L2, and L3 are connected in parallel is the same as that of FIG. Referring to the ffi 11B, the printed circuit board is rotated counterclockwise so that the conductive sheet 41 is not connected to the signal output terminal 2, and the conductive sheet 42 is also rotated at the same time, but the arc length design of the conductive sheet 42 is required to have a certain margin. When the conductive sheet 41 and the crucible 85 remain connected, the conductive sheet 42 also maintains the connection with the crucible 86. The equivalent circuit is shown in Figure lib, and the inductance of the segment-adjustable inductor is the parallel inductance of u, L2, and u. the amount. Referring to FIG. 11C, the printing circuit board is rotated counterclockwise so that the conductive sheet 41 is not connected to the 璋85. The conductive sheet 42 is not connected to the 埠86. The equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. The inductance is the parallel inductance of LI and L2.参Please enter the 11D, continue to rotate the printed circuit board counterclockwise, so that the conductive sheet 41* is connected to the 埠83, :85, the conductive sheet 42 is not connected to the scales 84, 86, and the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. The inductance of the segmentally adjustable inductor is the inductance of L1. It should be noted that the printing circuit board can be rotated counterclockwise in a small amount to make the conductive sheet 4 off the signal end, so as not to cause the conductive sheet to have a capacitive effect on the signal, but the rotation cannot be excessive, and the conductive sheet 41 and the signal are prevented. The outputs are connected, in which case the positioning slots act to limit excessive rotation. 14 200834614 In addition, only one conductive piece 41 is needed to adjust the inductance, that is, the conductive piece 41 of the parallel fixed inductance is connected, and the other end is directly connected with the signal end 2, but this is parallel connection. The high frequency "The ship is not good. Therefore, this real financial formula _ two conductive sheets to connect and determine. The gorge is a microstrip county, a discrete thief, or a combination thereof. In the case of discrete inductors, they can be fabricated on the surface of the substrate. In the following, the implementation of the parallel-segment-adjustable inductor with the ridge inductance is implemented.
(J 請參閱圖12Α、圖12a、圖12β、圖12b、圖啟、圖版、圖⑽、圖 版，其表示了分段可調域糾域過程。該分段可調賴器包括了 至少兩個固定電感’ «了三個.電感u、L2 ' u，三個固定電感 仍選用微帶電感，請參閱圖⑽、圖1Qc、圖觀，分別製作在多層基體3 的不同層上，並通過穿孔分別與基體表層的琿8卜82 ;抑、84 ; 85、86相 連接，這三個固定電感分別通過四個電控開關k2、k3、k4、⑸相連接後， 形成-個賴電感。該並額定賊_齡顺信錄人端丨和信號輪 出端2相連接。固定電感U、L2 ' L3與電控開關可以不在基體的同一層。 從圖12A中可以看出’匕還有-個電控開關kl，它起到將電感置零的作用， 我們可以把U、L2、L3並聯後形成的並聯固定電感當作—個電感來理解， 這樣ki的個額7中的導電片的作用完全相同。# ki閉合時，信號輸 入端與輸出端相連接，該分段可調電感器的電感量爲零。圖他是圖i2A 的等效電路。 15 200834614 請參閱圖12Β，kl辭間，ι < 丄斷開k2 k3'k“ak5閉合，並聯固定電感爲u、 L2、L3的並聯’該分段可調電感器的 旦 电以里爲LI、L2、L3的並聯電感量。 圖12b是圖12Β的等效電路圖。 請參閱圖 12C，kl、k3、k5_，k2、k4_，ii_UMU、 L2的並聯，該分段可調蝴的電感量爲u、[2的並聯電感量。請是 圖12B的等效電路。 Γ Ο 晴參閱圖12D，kl、k2、k3、k4、沾斷開，並聯固定電感爲u，該分 段可調電感器的電感量爲L1的電感量。圖伽是圖娜的等效電路。 電控開關的閉合與斷開是通過外部觸發信號來控制的，電控開關可以 廷用微波_關管（比如PINf)或場效應管_作開關管。在設計 該電控開_要考慮到各電控開_開_發信號（控制信號）的相互隔 離’可以在電__加人齡電容，祕電容的個是讓軸微波信號 、、° I5礙開關觸發彳遷通過。開關觸發信號—般是頻率較低的信號。在 開關觸發信號與電㈣關加人高阻抗線，其作歧阻礙射頻微波信號從 開關觸發信號處漏出。 電控開關可以製作在基體的表層或内層。比如基體是矽或砷化鎵基體 時’電控開關^定電感都可以集成在基體内。在單片微波積體電路（MMIC) 裏’就廣泛地將電感 '有源電路減在一起。 另外’在將固定電感並聯或斷開時，只需要在該固定電感的一端設置 控開關’不—定需要兩端都言史置電控開關，比如在圖12的例子中，電控 開關k4 k5可以不用，將埠84、86直接與信號輸出端2相連接，也可以 16 200834614 成電感里的可调，即並聯固定電感的一端用電控開關來連接，另一端直 赫u緣ϋ端相連接，但這樣作並聯固定電感的細微波紐不好。固 疋電感可X疋微讀電感、分立式電感或它們的組合。選用分立式電感時， 其可製作在基體的表層。 。 请參閱圖13，它是分段可調賴器採職_定電感方絲改變電感 里的理’曲線圖。_是賴量，橫軸是固定電感的並聯狀態。 請參閱圖14 ’它是分段可«採用串聯S1定電感方式來改變電感 里的理响曲線圖。縱轴是電感量，橫軸是固定電感的串聯狀態。 本發明分段可調電感器的固定電感可以爲一個或多個，在基體的每一 層可製作-個或多個固定電感，微帶線電感的形狀可以是螺旋形、蛇形、 開口方形、單線形等。 基體可以選用高頻或微波特性較好的印刷電路板，但不限於印刷電路 板’基體也可以是其他材料，比如半導體基體材料如石夕（Si )或砷化鎵(GaAs) 等材料。在射頻積體電路（RFIC)以及單片微波積體電路（MMIC)裏廣泛 地用到這些材料作基體。 以上所述，僅爲本發明的較佳實施例而已，並非用於限定本發明的保 護範圍，凡在本發明的精神和原則之内所做的任何修改、等同替換、改進 等，均應包含在本發明的保護範圍之内。 17 200834614 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是本發明第一實施方式的分段可調電感器的示意圖。 圖2是本發明第一實施方式的分段可調電感器的導電片將各個固定電 感無效掉的示意圖。 圖3a是本發明第二實施方式的分段可調電感器的示意圖。 圖3b、圖3c、圖3d分別是本發明第二實施方式的分段可調電感器的基 體的第二層、第三層和第四層上的三個固定電感的示意圖。(J See Fig. 12Α, Fig. 12a, Fig. 12β, Fig. 12b, Fig., Fig., Fig. (10), and the plate, which show the segment-adjustable domain correction process. The segmentation adjuster includes at least Two fixed inductors « three inductors u, L2 ' u, three fixed inductors still use microstrip inductors, please refer to Figure (10), Figure 1Qc, Figure, respectively, on different layers of the multilayer substrate 3, and The perforations are respectively connected to the surface layer of the substrate, namely, 82, 85, 85, 86. The three fixed inductors are respectively connected by four electronically controlled switches k2, k3, k4, and (5) to form a single inductance. The rated thief _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ There is an electric control switch kl, which plays the role of zeroing the inductance. We can understand the parallel fixed inductance formed by parallel connection of U, L2 and L3 as an inductance, so that the conduction in the amount 7 of ki The function of the chip is exactly the same. When the ki is closed, the signal input terminal is connected to the output terminal, and the segmented adjustable inductor is connected. The inductance is zero. Figure is the equivalent circuit of Figure i2A. 15 200834614 Please refer to Figure 12Β, kl, ι < 丄 disconnect k2 k3'k "ak5 closed, parallel fixed inductance is u, L2, L3 In parallel, the parallel inductance of the segment-adjustable inductor is LI, L2, and L3. Figure 12b is the equivalent circuit diagram of Figure 12C. See Figure 12C, kl, k3, k5_, k2, k4_, ii_UMU, L2 parallel, the inductance of the segment adjustable butterfly is u, [2 parallel inductance. Please be the equivalent circuit of Figure 12B. Γ 晴 clear see Figure 12D, kl, k2, k3, k4, dip Disconnected, the parallel fixed inductor is u, the inductance of the segment-adjustable inductor is the inductance of L1. The figure is the equivalent circuit of Tuna. The closing and opening of the electronically controlled switch is controlled by an external trigger signal. The electronically controlled switch can use a microwave _guan tube (such as PINf) or a FET as a switch tube. In designing the electronic control open _ to take into account the mutual control of each electronic open _ open _ signal (control signal) Isolation 'can be used in the electric __ plus the age of the capacitor, the secret capacitance is to let the shaft microwave signal, ° I5 barrier switch triggers the transition. The trigger signal is generally a lower frequency signal. The switch trigger signal and the electric (four) off the human high impedance line, which interferes with the leakage of the RF microwave signal from the switch trigger signal. The electronically controlled switch can be fabricated on the surface or inner layer of the substrate. For example, when the substrate is a germanium or gallium arsenide matrix, the 'electrical control switch' can be integrated into the substrate. In a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), the inductor's active circuits are widely reduced. In addition, when the fixed inductor is connected in parallel or disconnected, it is only necessary to set the control switch at one end of the fixed inductor. No, it is necessary to set the electronic control switch at both ends. For example, in the example of Fig. 12, the electronic control switch k4 K5 can be used without connecting the 埠84, 86 directly to the signal output terminal 2, or it can be adjusted in the inductor of 2008, 20081414, that is, one end of the parallel fixed inductor is connected by an electric control switch, and the other end is connected to the ϋ terminal. They are connected, but it is not good to use a fine microwave for paralleling the fixed inductance. The solid-state inductor can be X-turned with a micro-reading inductor, a discrete inductor, or a combination thereof. When a discrete inductor is used, it can be fabricated on the surface of the substrate. . Please refer to Figure 13, which is a diagram of the section of the inductive square wire to change the inductance. _ is the amount, and the horizontal axis is the parallel state of the fixed inductance. Please refer to Figure 14 'It is a segmentation« using series S1 to determine the inductance in the inductor. The vertical axis is the inductance and the horizontal axis is the series connection of the fixed inductance. The fixed inductance of the segment-adjustable inductor of the present invention may be one or more, and one or more fixed inductors may be fabricated in each layer of the substrate, and the shape of the microstrip line inductor may be spiral, serpentine, open square, Single line and so on. The substrate may be a printed circuit board having high frequency or microwave characteristics, but is not limited to a printed circuit board. The substrate may be other materials such as a semiconductor base material such as Si Xi or gallium arsenide (GaAs). These materials are widely used as substrates in RF integrated circuits (RFICs) and monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc., which are made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be included. It is within the scope of the invention. 17 200834614 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a segment-adjustable inductor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a view showing that the conductive sheets of the segment-adjustable inductor of the first embodiment of the present invention invalidate the respective fixed inductances. 3a is a schematic diagram of a segmentally adjustable inductor in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention. 3b, 3c, and 3d are schematic views of three fixed inductances on the second, third, and fourth layers of the substrate of the segment-adjustable inductor of the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
圖4是本發明第三實施方式的分段可調贼㈣峡電感示意圖。 圖5a、圖5b、圖5c和圖5d是本發明第四實施方式的分段可調電感器用 多段導電片無效固定電感的示意圖。 圖6是本發明紅倾方式齡段可調賴器、的示意圖。 圖7是本發明第六實施方式的分段可調鶴㈣示意圖。 圖8a和圖8b是本發明第七實施方式的分段可調電感器的原理圖。 圖9是一個分段可調電感器的實物截面圖。 圖10a疋本發明第八實施方式的分段可調電感器的示意圖。 圖⑽、，、_d分別是本發明第八實施方式的分段可調電感器的 基體的不同層上的三個固定電感的示意圖。 圖HA'圖11&'圖⑽、圖仙、圖lic、日 式的刀I又可θ周電感器的電感調節過程示意圖 圖 12A、圖 i2a 式分段可調電感器 、圖 12B、圖 12b、圖 12C ' 圖 12c、圖 1卻、 的電感調節過程示意圖。 圖12d是電調 18 200834614 圖13是本發明分段可調電感器採用並聯固定電感方式來改變電感量的 理論曲線圖。 圖14是本發明分段可調電感器採用串聯固定電感方式來改變電感量的 理論曲線圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 基體 34 is a schematic view showing the inductance of the segmented thief (four) gorge according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d are schematic diagrams showing the ineffective fixed inductance of the multi-section conductive sheet for the segment-adjustable inductor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the red tilting stage adjustable device of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a sectionally adjustable crane (four) according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. 8a and 8b are schematic diagrams of a segment-adjustable inductor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is a physical cross-sectional view of a segmentally adjustable inductor. Figure 10a is a schematic illustration of a segmented tunable inductor of an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Figures (10), and _d are schematic views of three fixed inductances on different layers of the substrate of the segment-adjustable inductor of the eighth embodiment of the present invention, respectively. Figure HA'Fig. 11 & 'Fig. (10), Fig. 1, lic, Japanese-style knife I and θ-cycle inductance adjustment process schematic diagram 12A, i2a type segmentally adjustable inductor, Figure 12B, Figure 12b Figure 12C is a schematic diagram of the inductance adjustment process of Figure 12c and Figure 1. Figure 12d is an ESC 18 200834614 Figure 13 is a theoretical graph of the segmented tunable inductor of the present invention using a parallel fixed inductance to vary the inductance. Figure 14 is a theoretical graph of the segmented tunable inductor of the present invention using series fixed inductance to change the inductance. [Main component symbol description] Base 3
信號輸入端1 信號輸出端2 信號微帶線11 固定電感7、8、9 導電片 4 絕緣物 5 圓心 6 定位槽 10Signal input 1 Signal output 2 Signal microstrip line 11 Fixed inductor 7, 8, 9 Conductive sheet 4 Insulator 5 Center 6 Positioning slot 10
1919