200827756 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種電子負載裝置，尤其關於一種用於 電源測試之電子負載裝置。 【先前技術】 對於電源產品而言，於出廠前進行檢驗是一道必不可 少之工序。此外，部份電子產品中在出廠時都已經裝配了 電源’因此，在工廠生產時，檢測電源亦有相當必要。常 見地，人們使用模擬之負載裝置以測試電源之電氣性能， 該等負載裝置可以模擬出電源於工作狀態時所帶載荷。將 待測電源加載於該等負載裝置上時，可以測出電源於模擬 工作狀態下之特性。 模擬之負載裝置通常有兩種類 - . 住疋田％，几 器、電容器、電感器等無源器件構成，此種負载之參數大 小調即^來非常不方便，而且其參數穩定性不高，受環境 处度办響較大，因而不能有效地檢驗出待測電源之性 月匕’另—種是由單片機及電阻器等構成之電子負載，此種 2負载切了上述第—種負载之參數大小調節不方便、 鱼不q等缺點，但7^使用單片機作為構成元件使得該 電子負載之功耗增大，且成本大幅提高。 【發明内容】 7 200827756200827756 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an electronic load device, and more particularly to an electronic load device for power supply testing. [Prior Art] For power supply products, inspection before leaving the factory is an indispensable process. In addition, some electronic products are already equipped with power at the factory. Therefore, when the factory is manufactured, it is necessary to detect the power supply. Often, people use simulated load devices to test the electrical performance of the power supply. These load devices can simulate the load that the power supply carries when it is in operation. When the power to be tested is loaded on the load devices, the characteristics of the power supply under simulated operating conditions can be measured. There are usually two types of analog load devices - such as 疋田%, several devices, capacitors, inductors and other passive components. The parameter size of this load is very inconvenient, and its parameter stability is not high. The environment is very loud, so it can't effectively check the nature of the power to be tested. 'Another type is an electronic load composed of a single chip and a resistor. The 2 load cuts the parameters of the above-mentioned type of load. The size adjustment is inconvenient, the fish is not q, and the like, but the use of the single-chip microcomputer as a constituent element makes the power consumption of the electronic load increase, and the cost is greatly improved. [Summary of the Invention] 7 200827756
有馨於此，有必要提供—種具有較低功耗KM 電子負載裝置。 旦一種電子負载裝置包括電源供給電路、電流控制電路 里貝卜1面電路。該電源供給電路用於向該電流控制電路 提供工作電壓。該電源供給電路包括相連接之電壓調節單 元及比較放大單元’該電壓調節單元之電壓輸出端連接到 ㈣較放大單元之同相輸人端，該比較放大單元之反相輸 入，連接到該電流控制電路之輪出端。該電流控制電路及 該里測”面電路串接於待測電源上。該電流控制電路用於 控制流人該量測介面電路之電流大小。該量測介面電路用 於向測量儀器提供接入介面。 一上述電子負載裝置通過在該電流控制電路中調節流姐 該f測介面電路的電流’以及調整該量測介面電路，可： 調即負載的大小。因而可以在不使用單 對待測電源進行量測的效果，降低了電子負載 耗、成本。 【實施方式】 社構干所7F，其純佳實施方式之電子負载裝置功能 流控制電路u及量·面祕16。電源供 2 ^ 提供一個穩定^作電壓，以供該電子負鮮^12=於 後續雷敗貝取哀置10之其他 、 之用。電流控制電路14與量測介面電路16 8 200827756 串聯後被接入到待測電源20之正負極之間，成為待測電源 20之負載；同時電流控制電路14之輸出電壓還被回饋到電 源供給電路12。當電流控制電路14被接入待測電源20時， 其可以控制輸出到量測介面電路16的電流之大小。量測介 面電路16用於提供量測介面，以供測量儀器30接入。 如圖2所示，其為較佳實施方式之電子負載裝置10之 電路結構圖。電源供給電路12主要包括直流電源輸入端 122、穩壓單元124、電壓調節單元126、比較放大單元128 及開關單元130。 直流電源輸入端122用於與一個外界之直流電源相連 接，接收該直流電源輸入之直流電壓。 穩壓單元124與直流電源輸入端122相連，從而對該 直流電源輸入端122提供之直流電壓進行穩壓操作，消除 該直流電壓中可能存在之紋波電壓。較佳地，該穩壓單元 124為一個三端穩壓集成塊，如LM7812穩壓器，該LM7812 穩壓器可以輸出一個穩定的正極性12V電壓。 %, 電壓調節單元126用於接收該穩壓單元124之輸出電 壓，在此基礎上經由使用者調節並輸出一個經調節之電 壓。如圖2所示，該電壓調節單元126包括兩個相並聯之 支路，其中一個支路由電阻器R1、R12串聯而成，另一支 路由電阻器R3、變阻器W1串聯而成，兩支路之一端經由 一個限流電阻R2連接於穩壓單元124之輸出端，另一端接 地。該電壓調節單元126亦包括一個可編程精密參考Q6。 該可編程精密參考Q6亦與該二個支路相並聯，其參考端連 9 200827756 接於電阻R1和電阻R12之間，其陽極接地、且陰極也經該 限流電阻R2連接到穩壓單元124之輸出端。藉由調節電阻 Rl、R12之大小，即可調節該可編程精密參考Q6之輸出電 壓。變阻器W1之阻值可調，藉由調節其阻值，使得該電壓 調節單元126可以輸出一個可被調節之電壓到比較放大單 元 128。 較佳地，該可編程精密參考Q6為TL431三端可編程精 密參考，其内部設有一個基準電壓，其輸出電壓由以下公 υ | R1 \ 式決定：° — ，其中％為該可編程精密參考Q6兩 端之輸出電壓，沿、沿2分別為電阻Rl、R12之阻值大小， K為該三端可編程精密參考之内部參考電壓。較佳地，該内 部參考電壓K為2.5V。 比較放大單元128之同相輸入端（+)接入電壓調節單 元126之輸出電壓，反相輸入端（一）與電流控制電路14 i 之輸出端電性相連。較佳地，該比較放大單元128為一種 運算放大器U2。當電壓調節單元126中之變阻器W1被設 定時，電壓調節單元126即輸出一個穩定之電壓，該電壓 輸出到比較放大單元128之同相輸入端（+)被作為參考電 壓，電流控制電路14之輸出端連接到比較放大單元128之 反相輸入端（一），比較放大單元128之輸出電壓被作為開 關單元130之開關控制電壓。 開關單元130可以為一個三極管Q1，其基極藉由一個 電阻R5連接於比較放大單元128之輸出端，集電極通過電 200827756 阻R6連接於穩壓單元124之輸出端，發射極通過電阻R7 連接到電流控制電路14之控制輸入端。當該開關單元130 打開時’發射極發出控制電壓到電流控制電路14。 電流控制電路14為一系列功率電晶體相並聯而成，該 功率電晶體還可以是功率MOSFET(金屬氧化物半導體場 效應管）或 IGBT ( Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，閘極 絕緣雙載子型電晶體），以下以IGBT為例作一說明。 r 以相互並聯之各IGBT支路中的一支為例，其包括一個 IGBT Q2、一個與IGBt Q2之閘極相連的電阻R8、以及一 個與IGBT Q2的汲極相連的二極體D1。IGBT q2之閘極經 由電阻R7、R8與開關單元130之輸出端，即三極管Q1之 發射極相連。二極體D1之正極與待測電源2〇之正極相連， 負極與IGBT Q2的汲極相連。IGBT q2之源極與量測介面 電路16相連接。藉由更換不同之IGBT，可以獲得不同之 輸出電流到量測介面電路16。由於IGBT Q2具有較高的耐 (壓特性’可以耐受幾百甚至上千伏之電壓，且在其導通區 内的線性度極高，使得該電子負載裝置10可以在較寬之待 測電壓範圍内工作，並具有較佳之線性度。 莖測介面電路16之一端連接於電流控制電路14之輸 出端’另一端連接於待測電源之負極。較佳地，該量測介 面電路16為~系列電阻R15、R16、R17、R18……並聯而 成。該等並聯電阻可以對電流控制電路14之輸出電流進行 分流’從而當测量儀器30接入到量測介面電路16兩端時， 可以測篁到量測介面電路16兩端電壓之大小。被接入待測 11 200827756 電源20之負載包括有電流控制電路14及量測介面電路 16,而由於電流控制電路14使用的是具有較好線性度之 IGBT’因而可以方便地計算出待測電源之電流特性、電麼 特徵及功率特性等。 上述電子負載裝置10通過在電流控制電路14中接入 不同之IGBT、在量測介面電路16中接人不同之並聯電阻， 可以調節該電子負載之大小；而通過調節電壓調節單元126 中的變阻W1 ’還可以控制開關單元13G之開啟與關斷； 因而可以在不使用單片機的情況下達到對待測電源進行量 測之效果，降低了電子負载裝置10之功耗、成本。此外， =於IGBT工作時線性度較高，對於量測之後續處理而言非 :方便、’上述電子負载袭置1〇還十分方便於進行功能擴 可以將該電子負載裝置作為一個功能模組而將其與並 他功，模組進行整合’而實現更為全面的功能。...... 利申^上^述’本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專It is necessary to provide a low-power KM electronic load device. An electronic load device includes a power supply circuit and a current control circuit. The power supply circuit is operative to provide an operating voltage to the current control circuit. The power supply circuit includes a connected voltage adjustment unit and a comparison amplification unit. The voltage output terminal of the voltage adjustment unit is connected to (4) the in-phase input terminal of the amplification unit, and the inverting input of the comparison amplification unit is connected to the current control. The wheel of the circuit. The current control circuit and the measuring surface circuit are serially connected to the power source to be tested. The current control circuit is used for controlling the current level of the current measuring interface circuit. The measuring interface circuit is used for providing access to the measuring instrument. An electronic load device can adjust the current of the flow-measuring interface circuit in the current control circuit and adjust the measurement interface circuit to: adjust the size of the load, so that the single power supply can be used without using The effect of the measurement is reduced, and the electronic load consumption and cost are reduced. [Embodiment] The social work device 7F, the electronic load device function flow control circuit of the purely preferred embodiment, and the quantity and surface secret 16 are provided. A stable voltage is used for the electrons to be used for the next time. The current control circuit 14 and the measurement interface circuit 16 8 200827756 are connected in series to be connected to the power source to be tested. Between the positive and negative poles of 20, it becomes the load of the power source 20 to be tested; meanwhile, the output voltage of the current control circuit 14 is also fed back to the power supply circuit 12. When the current control circuit 14 is connected to be tested The source 20 can control the magnitude of the current output to the measurement interface circuit 16. The measurement interface circuit 16 is used to provide a measurement interface for access by the measurement instrument 30. As shown in Figure 2, it is a preferred implementation. The circuit configuration diagram of the electronic load device 10. The power supply circuit 12 mainly includes a DC power input terminal 122, a voltage stabilization unit 124, a voltage adjustment unit 126, a comparison amplification unit 128, and a switch unit 130. The DC power input terminal 122 is used for An external DC power source is connected to receive the DC voltage input from the DC power source. The voltage stabilizing unit 124 is connected to the DC power input terminal 122, thereby performing a voltage stabilization operation on the DC voltage provided by the DC power input terminal 122, and eliminating the DC voltage. Preferably, the voltage stabilizing unit 124 is a three-terminal voltage regulator integrated block, such as the LM7812 voltage regulator, and the LM7812 voltage regulator can output a stable positive polarity 12V voltage. The adjusting unit 126 is configured to receive the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing unit 124, and adjust and output a regulated voltage via the user according to the figure. The voltage regulating unit 126 includes two parallel branches, one of which is formed by connecting resistors R1 and R12 in series, and another of the routing resistor R3 and the varistor W1 are connected in series, and one of the two branches is connected via one The current limiting resistor R2 is connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing unit 124, and the other end is grounded. The voltage regulating unit 126 also includes a programmable precision reference Q6. The programmable precision reference Q6 is also connected in parallel with the two branches, and its reference The terminal 9 200827756 is connected between the resistor R1 and the resistor R12, the anode is grounded, and the cathode is also connected to the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit 124 via the current limiting resistor R2. The size of the resistors R1 and R12 can be adjusted. This programmable precision reference Q6 output voltage. The resistance of the varistor W1 is adjustable, and by adjusting its resistance, the voltage regulating unit 126 can output a voltage that can be adjusted to the comparison amplifying unit 128. Preferably, the programmable precision reference Q6 is a TL431 three-terminal programmable precision reference, and a reference voltage is internally provided, and the output voltage is determined by the following formula: R1\: ° — , where % is the programmable precision Refer to the output voltage at both ends of Q6. The edge and edge 2 are the resistance values of resistors R1 and R12 respectively. K is the internal reference voltage of the three-terminal programmable precision reference. Preferably, the internal reference voltage K is 2.5V. The non-inverting input terminal (+) of the amplifying unit 128 is connected to the output voltage of the voltage adjusting unit 126, and the inverting input terminal (1) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the current controlling circuit 14 i . Preferably, the comparison amplifying unit 128 is an operational amplifier U2. When the varistor W1 in the voltage adjusting unit 126 is set, the voltage adjusting unit 126 outputs a stable voltage which is output to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the comparing amplifying unit 128 as a reference voltage, and the output of the current controlling circuit 14 The terminal is connected to the inverting input terminal (1) of the comparison amplifying unit 128, and the output voltage of the comparison amplifying unit 128 is used as the switching control voltage of the switching unit 130. The switching unit 130 can be a transistor Q1, the base of which is connected to the output end of the comparison amplifying unit 128 via a resistor R5, and the collector is connected to the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit 124 via a resistor 20087756, and the emitter is connected through a resistor R7. To the control input of current control circuit 14. When the switching unit 130 is turned on, the emitter emits a control voltage to the current control circuit 14. The current control circuit 14 is formed by connecting a series of power transistors in parallel. The power transistor can also be a power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). ), the following is an example of IGBT. r Take one of the IGBT branches connected in parallel with each other, which includes an IGBT Q2, a resistor R8 connected to the gate of the IGBt Q2, and a diode D1 connected to the drain of the IGBT Q2. The gate of the IGBT q2 is connected to the output of the switching unit 130 via the resistors R7, R8, that is, the emitter of the transistor Q1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the power source to be tested, and the cathode is connected to the anode of the IGBT Q2. The source of the IGBT q2 is connected to the measurement interface circuit 16. Different output currents can be obtained to the measurement interface circuit 16 by replacing different IGBTs. Since the IGBT Q2 has high resistance (voltage characteristics ' can withstand hundreds or even thousands of volts, and the linearity in its conduction region is extremely high, the electronic load device 10 can be used in a wide voltage to be tested. Working in the range and having better linearity. One end of the stem interface circuit 16 is connected to the output end of the current control circuit 14 and the other end is connected to the negative pole of the power source to be tested. Preferably, the measurement interface circuit 16 is ~ The series resistors R15, R16, R17, R18, ... are connected in parallel. The parallel resistors can shunt the output current of the current control circuit 14 so that when the measuring instrument 30 is connected to both ends of the measurement interface circuit 16, it can be measured. The voltage across the measurement interface circuit 16 is measured. The load connected to the test 11 200827756 power supply 20 includes a current control circuit 14 and a measurement interface circuit 16, and the current control circuit 14 uses a better linearity. The IGBT' can thus easily calculate the current characteristics, electrical characteristics, power characteristics, etc. of the power source to be tested. The above electronic load device 10 has access to different IGBs in the current control circuit 14. T, the different parallel resistors are connected in the measurement interface circuit 16, and the size of the electronic load can be adjusted; and the switching unit 13G can be controlled to be turned on and off by adjusting the variable resistance W1' in the voltage adjusting unit 126; The effect of measuring the power supply to be tested can be achieved without using a single-chip microcomputer, and the power consumption and cost of the electronic load device 10 can be reduced. In addition, the linearity is higher when the IGBT is operated, and for the subsequent processing of the measurement Non: Convenient, 'The above-mentioned electronic load hitting 1〇 is also very convenient for function expansion. The electronic load device can be integrated into the function module and integrated with the other functions to achieve more comprehensive functions. ....... Lishen ^上^述' The invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent,
Hr 上該者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，舉凡孰 技Γ人士，在援依本案創作精神所作之等效修飾 或白應包含於以下之申請專利範圍内。 12 200827756 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為較佳實施方式之電子負載裝置功能結構示意圖。 圖2為較佳實施方式之電子負載裝置之電路結構圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 電子負載裝置 10 電流控制電路 14 待測電源 20 直流電源輸入端 122 電壓調節單元 126 開關單元 130 電源供給電路 12 量測介面電路 16 測量儀器 30 穩壓單元 124 比較放大單元 128 13The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and equivalent modifications or whites in the spirit of the present invention should be included in the following patent application. 12 200827756 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the functional structure of an electronic load device according to a preferred embodiment. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of an electronic load device of a preferred embodiment. [Main component symbol description] Electronic load device 10 Current control circuit 14 Power supply to be tested 20 DC power input terminal 122 Voltage adjustment unit 126 Switch unit 130 Power supply circuit 12 Measurement interface circuit 16 Measuring instrument 30 Voltage stabilization unit 124 Comparison amplification unit 128 13