200827057 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ^ 本發明係關於一種殼體及其製造方法。 【先前技術】 隨著人們生活水平之提高，移動電話、PDA (個人數 位助理，personal digital assistant )、MP3及掌上電腦等電 子裝置大量進入人們之生活及工作，給人們帶來方便及樂 趣。目前，人們對於上述各種電子裝置不但要求功能強大， _而且希望其外觀美觀、表面質感良好，因此對電子裝置之 殼體表面加工精度及粗糙度要求較高。 目前，業界在製造電子裝置殼體時，——般採用多次銑 銷之方法將毛坯加工成需要之形狀及粗糙度，即先對毛坯 進行粗銑，使其形狀及尺寸與電子裝置殼體大致相同，然 後進行精銑，從而滿足表面加工精度及粗縫度之要求。採 用上述多次銑銷之方法時，其加工時間長，例如加工一個 φ普通之手機殼體時一般長達十多個小時，因此其生産效率 較低，且銑銷之加工成本較高，因此提高了電子裝置之製 造成本。另外，在多次銑銷過程中，有大量材料從毛坯上 銑去而成爲廢料浪費掉，這也從另一方面提高了製造成 本。圖1至圖3所示爲採用上述方法加工得到之電子裝置 殼體之SUS304I號不銹鋼（日本牌號，對應中國牌號爲 0Crl9Nill).在23±5°C之溫度條件下、40〜80%RH之濕度 條件下之金相圖，圖1、圖2及圖3分別爲放大5Ό倍、100 倍及200倍之金相圖，該材料之内部金相組織爲奥氏體及 200827057 鐵素體。另外，在23土5°C之溫度條件下、40〜80%RH之濕 度條件下及0.5千克之試驗力下，其維氏硬度值爲169， 寸見僅藉由銑銷加工獲得之電子裝置殼體硬度較低。 【發明内容】 鑒於以上内容，有必要提供一種可提高殼體硬度、降 低製造成本之殼體製造方法及該方法製成之殼體。 一種殼體製造方法，包括以下步驟：下料，提供毛坯； 鍛造，用鍛壓設備對毛坯進行鍛造，從而得到預型體；精 ®密機加工，對預型體進行精密機加工，從而得到所需之殼 體。 一種殼體，其爲曲面體，該殼體由原材料經鍛造後精 密機加工而成，其硬度大於原材料之硬度，表面粗糙度在 6.4微米以下。 相較習知技術，所述之殼體藉由鍛造之方法製成，其 具有良好之機械性能，即具有較高之硬度及較好之耐磨 φ性，另外經過鍛造後之殼體還具有較好之表面質感。鍛造 過程中無廢料産生，節約了成本。殼體之整個成型時間大 大縮短，提高了生産效率。 【實施方式】 本發明之較佳實施例公開一種殼體製造方法及該方法 製成之殼體，其適用於移動電話、PDA、MP3及掌上電腦 等電子裝置之殼體。 請參閱圖4至圖7，本較佳實施例所述之殼體製造方 法包括以下步驟： 200827057 下料：在一塊鋼板上根據殼體之形狀及大小切割出一 個板狀毛坯20。在本實施例中，該毛坯20之材料爲 SXJS304I型號之不銹鋼。 鍛造：用鍛壓設備及鍛壓模具在不對毛坯20進行加熱 之條件下對毛坯20進行多次鍛造，從而得到預型體40。 藉由鍛造之粗加工階段，該預型體40之形狀及大小與所需 之殼體大體相同，其包括平板部402及沿平板部402邊緣 傾斜一定角度延伸之凸邊404。本實施例中，該預型體40 ⑩大體爲橢圓形。可以理解，預型體40可無凸邊404，也可 不爲橢圓形，其形狀取決於所需殼體之形狀，其可爲任意 形狀之曲面體。 切孔：在預型體40中心開設一個方孔406。 銑銷：對預型體40表面進行精密銑銷，從而得到所需 之殼體60。由於經過鍛造形成之預型體40之形狀及大小 與所需之殼體大體相同，故可大大縮短銑銷之精加工之時 _間，另外，藉由銑銷之精加工後，殼體60之加工形狀精度、 尺寸精度及表面粗糙度均較高。經過精銑後，殼體60之表 面粗糙度可達2.5至0.6微米。 對於採用上述方法成型之殼體60而言，在鍛造過程 中，不錄鋼材料被擠、壓、鍛、打成型，其内部金相組織 被改變，並被細晶化，因此經過鍛造後，殼體60之機械性 能得以提高，包括硬度增大，耐磨性提高，且表面質感增 強0 請參閱圖8,其表示經過上述殼體製造方法制得之殼 200827057 體60之金相圖，該金相圖係在23±5QC之溫度條件下、 40〜80%RH之濕度條件下獲得，其放大倍數爲200。殼體 60之内部金相組織爲奥氏體。與圖1比較可知，對於 SUS304I型號之不銹鋼，經鍛造與僅經銑銷相比，其金相 組織改變，此金相組織之改變在宏觀上表現爲機械性能之 改變，即較高之硬度、較好之耐磨性及較好之表面質感。 此外，在23j：5°C之溫度條件下、40〜80%RH之濕度條 件下及0.3千克之試驗力下，殼體60表面之維氏硬度可達 _ 358,其内部之維氏硬度可達348。金相組織爲馬氏體S136 (即4Crl3V)型鋼材在同樣條件下測得之維氏硬度爲353 (本說明書中之硬度值均爲多個測量點之平均值）。可見， 經鍛造之SUS304I型不銹鋼，其硬度強於未經鍛造之 SUS304I型不銹鋼，且已可與金相組織爲馬氏體之S136 型鋼材媳美。 在用上述殼體製造方法制得之殼體60之過程中，由於 φ粗加工階段係採用鍛造之方法，其材料被擠、壓、鍛、打 成型，沒有材料從毛坯20上脫離，因此不會産生廢料。在 精加工階段，儘管採用銑銷，將有材料從預型體40上脫 離，但是由於預型體40之形狀或尺寸已與所需之殼體60 大體相同，因此只有少量材料脫離預型體40而成爲廢料， 故可大大減少銑削加工時間。因此採用上述殼體製造方法 製造殼體60.時，材料之浪費很少。鍛造成型所需之時間較 短，大大提高了生産效率。 可以理解，在鍛造及銑銷過程中，可以增加切邊及抛 200827057 光等其他中間工序，以達到所需殼體60之各項要求，若殼 磕爲無孔結構，切孔步驟也可省略。銑銷也可以係其他機 加工方法，如車銷、创銷等。經過車銷或创銷等機加工後， 殼體60之表面粗糙度在6.4微米以下，較爲精密時殼體 60之表面粗糙度在3.2微米以下。 綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專 利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，舉凡 熟悉本案技藝之人士，在援依本案發明精神所作之等效修 _飾或變化，皆應包含於以下之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係習知技術之殼體放大50倍之金相圖； 圖2係習知技術之殼體放大100倍之金相圖； 圖3係習知技術之殼體放大200倍之金相圖； 圖4係本發明殼體製造方法中之殼體毛坯； 圖5係本發明殼體製造方法中鍛造後之預型體； 圖6係本發明殼體製造方法中切孔後之預型體； 圖7係本發明殼體製造方法中銑銷後之殼體； φ 圖8係本發明殼體放大200倍之金相圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 毛述 20 預型體 40 平板部 402 凸邊 404 方孔 406 殼體 60200827057 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] ^ The present invention relates to a casing and a method of manufacturing the same. [Prior Art] With the improvement of people's living standards, electronic devices such as mobile phones, PDAs (personal digital assistants), MP3s, and PDAs have entered the lives and work of people in large numbers, bringing convenience and interest to people. At present, people are not only required to have powerful functions for the above various electronic devices, but also have a good appearance and a good surface texture, and therefore require high processing precision and roughness of the surface of the electronic device. At present, in the manufacture of electronic device housings, the blanks are processed into the required shape and roughness by multiple milling methods, that is, the blanks are rough-milled to shape and size the electronic device housing. Roughly the same, then finish milling to meet surface machining accuracy and rough seam requirements. When the above method of multiple milling is adopted, the processing time is long, for example, when processing a φ ordinary mobile phone case, the length is generally more than ten hours, so the production efficiency is low, and the processing cost of the milling pin is high. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the electronic device is increased. In addition, during a number of milling operations, a large amount of material is milled from the blank and waste is wasted, which in turn increases the manufacturing cost. Figure 1 to Figure 3 show the SUS304I stainless steel (Japanese brand, corresponding to the Chinese brand number 0Crl9Nill) of the electronic device casing processed by the above method. Under the condition of 23±5 °C, 40~80% RH The metallographic diagram under humidity conditions, Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are metallographic diagrams magnified 5 times, 100 times and 200 times respectively. The internal metallographic structure of the material is austenite and 200827057 ferrite. In addition, under the temperature condition of 23 °C and 5 °C, under the humidity condition of 40~80% RH and the test force of 0.5 kg, the Vickers hardness value is 169, and the electronic device obtained only by the milling process is obtained. The shell has a low hardness. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a housing manufacturing method capable of improving the hardness of a housing and reducing the manufacturing cost, and a housing made by the method. A method for manufacturing a casing, comprising the steps of: blanking, providing a blank; forging, forging a blank with a forging device to obtain a preform; and finishing the machine to perform precision machining on the preform, thereby obtaining a The required housing. A casing which is a curved body which is machined by a raw material after forging, and has a hardness greater than that of the raw material and a surface roughness of 6.4 μm or less. Compared with the prior art, the casing is made by a forging method, which has good mechanical properties, that is, has high hardness and good wear resistance, and the forged shell has Better surface texture. No waste is generated during the forging process, which saves costs. The overall molding time of the housing is greatly shortened, increasing production efficiency. [Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses a housing manufacturing method and a housing made by the method, which are suitable for housings of electronic devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, MP3s, and palmtop computers. Referring to FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, the manufacturing method of the housing according to the preferred embodiment includes the following steps: 200827057 Cutting: A plate-shaped blank 20 is cut out on a steel plate according to the shape and size of the casing. In this embodiment, the material of the blank 20 is SXJS304I stainless steel. Forging: The blank 20 is forged several times without using the forging press and the forging die without heating the blank 20, thereby obtaining the preform 40. The preform 40 is substantially identical in shape and size to the desired housing by the roughing stage of forging, and includes a flat portion 402 and a flange 404 extending at an angle along the edge of the flat portion 402. In this embodiment, the preform 40 10 is substantially elliptical. It will be appreciated that the preform 40 may be embossed without ribs 404 or elliptical, the shape of which may depend on the shape of the desired housing, which may be a curved body of any shape. Cut hole: A square hole 406 is opened in the center of the preform 40. Milling pin: Precision milling of the surface of the preform 40 to obtain the desired housing 60. Since the shape and size of the preform 40 formed by forging are substantially the same as those of the required casing, the finishing time of the milling pin can be greatly shortened, and in addition, after finishing by the milling pin, the casing 60 The processing shape accuracy, dimensional accuracy and surface roughness are both high. After finishing milling, the surface roughness of the housing 60 can be as much as 2.5 to 0.6 microns. For the casing 60 formed by the above method, in the forging process, the unrecorded steel material is extruded, pressed, forged, and formed, and the internal metallographic structure thereof is changed and finely crystallized, so after forging, The mechanical properties of the housing 60 are improved, including increased hardness, improved wear resistance, and enhanced surface texture. Referring to Figure 8, there is shown a metallographic view of the shell 200827057 body 60 made by the above described housing manufacturing method. The metallographic map was obtained under the temperature condition of 23±5 QC under the humidity of 40 to 80% RH, and the magnification was 200. The metallographic structure of the inner portion of the casing 60 is austenite. Compared with Fig. 1, it can be seen that for the stainless steel of SUS304I type, the metallographic structure is changed by forging and only by milling, and the change of the metallographic structure is macroscopically a change of mechanical properties, that is, higher hardness, Better wear resistance and better surface texture. In addition, under the temperature condition of 23j: 5 ° C, the humidity of 40 to 80% RH and the test force of 0.3 kg, the Vickers hardness of the surface of the casing 60 can reach _ 358, and the internal Vickers hardness can be Up to 348. The metallographic structure of the martensitic S136 (ie, 4Crl3V) type steel has a Vickers hardness of 353 under the same conditions (the hardness values in this specification are the average of a plurality of measurement points). It can be seen that the forged SUS304I stainless steel is harder than the SUS304I stainless steel which has not been forged, and is comparable to the S136 steel with a metallographic structure of martensite. In the process of manufacturing the casing 60 by the above-described casing manufacturing method, since the φ roughing stage is a forging method, the material is extruded, pressed, forged, and formed, and no material is detached from the blank 20, so Will produce waste. In the finishing stage, despite the use of the milling pin, the material is detached from the preform 40, since the shape or size of the preform 40 is substantially the same as the desired housing 60, only a small amount of material is removed from the preform. 40 becomes waste, which greatly reduces the milling time. Therefore, when the casing 60 is manufactured by the above-described casing manufacturing method, material waste is small. The time required for forging is shorter, which greatly increases production efficiency. It can be understood that during the forging and milling process, other intermediate processes such as trimming and throwing 200827057 light can be added to achieve the requirements of the required housing 60. If the shell is a non-porous structure, the cutting step can also be omitted. . Milling pins can also be used in other machining methods, such as trucking, sales, etc. After machining by a pin or a pin, the surface roughness of the casing 60 is 6.4 μm or less, and the surface roughness of the casing 60 is 3.2 μm or less when it is relatively precise. In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent and submits a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to include the equivalent modifications or variations of the invention in the spirit of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a metallographic diagram in which a housing of a conventional technique is magnified 50 times; FIG. 2 is a metallographic diagram in which a housing of a prior art is magnified 100 times; FIG. 3 is a housing enlargement of a conventional technique. Figure 4 is a shell blank in the method of manufacturing the casing of the present invention; Figure 5 is a preform after forging in the method of manufacturing the casing of the present invention; Figure 6 is a cut in the method of manufacturing the casing of the present invention Figure 7 is a casing after milling in the manufacturing method of the casing of the present invention; φ Figure 8 is a metallographic diagram of the casing of the present invention magnified 200 times. [Main component symbol description] Description 20 Preform 40 Flat section 402 Flange 404 Square hole 406 Housing 60